832:
1171:
440:
342:
3424:
1189:
27:
1220:
722:
3418:
971:
316:
214:
3412:
299:
1014:
641:
2541:
275:, who was already said to have invented the aulos, once looked in the mirror while she was playing it and saw how blowing into it puffed up her cheeks and made her look silly, so she threw the aulos away and cursed it so that whoever picked it up would meet an awful death. Marsyas picked up the aulos and was later killed by Apollo for his
357:
when Apollo added his voice to the sound of the lyre. Marsyas protested, arguing that the skill with the instrument was to be compared, not the voice. However, Apollo replied that when
Marsyas blew into the pipes, he was doing almost the same thing. The Nysean nymphs supported Apollo's claim, leading to his victory.
906:, the calendrical poem left unfinished at his death. Although the immediate cause of Ovid's exile remains one of literary history's great mysteries, Ovid says that a "poem and transgression" were contributing factors; his poetry tests the boundaries of permissible free speech during Rome's transition from
337:
or the Nysean nymphs, the terms stated that the winner could treat the defeated party any way he wanted. Marsyas played his flute, putting everyone there into a frenzy, and they started dancing wildly. When it was Apollo's turn, he played his lyre so beautifully that everyone was still and had tears
1323:
The single reed or clarinet mouthpiece was known to other ancient peoples, and I should not venture to assert that it was not known to the Greeks. But the evidence of both art and literature indicates that it was the double reed that was standard in the
Classical period. Under the Hornbostel-Sachs
356:
There are several versions of the contest; according to
Hyginus, Marsyas was departing as victor after the first round, when Apollo, turning his lyre upside down, played the same tune. This was something that Marsyas could not do with his flute. According to Diodorus Siculus, Marsyas was defeated
999:, which is partially broken along with a portion of her arm. In Greek myth, Athena was once associated with the pipes that later became those of Marsyas, so that other narratives were developed explaining the transfer as Athena having discarded the instrument in a pique (as in Ovid's
1328:
should be classified as an oboe. It must be admitted that 'oboe-girl' is less evocative than the 'flute-girl' to which classicists have been accustomed, and that when it is a question of translating Greek poetry 'oboe' is likely to sound odd. For the latter case I favor 'pipe' or
516:
likens
Socrates to Marsyas, it is this aspect of the wise satyr that is intended. Jocelyn Small identifies in Marsyas an artist great enough to challenge a deity, who can only be defeated through a ruse. A prominent statue of Marsyas as a wise old
771:, whose song Marsyas was said to have composed; the song had further relevance in that it was also credited by the Phrygians with protecting them from invaders. The power relations between Marsyas and Apollo reflected the continuing
2092:
10.30.9: "They say too that they repelled the army of the Gauls by the aid of
Marsyas, who defended them against the barbarians by the water from the river and by the music of his flute." The Celtic-speaking invaders who founded
1219:
751:, alarmed that its authority was being undermined by "prophets and sacrificers" in the forum, began a program of suppression. Among the literature confiscated was an "authentic" prophecy calling for the institution of
1188:
395:
observes of the flaying of
Marsyas' "shaggy hide: a penalty which will not seem especially cruel if one assumes that Marsyas' animal guise was merely a masquerade". Classical Greeks were unaware of such
1113:
each entitled poems "Apollo and
Marsyas". Following Ovid's retelling of the Apollo and Marsyas tale, the poem "The Flaying Of Marsyas" features in Robin Robertson's 1997 collection "a painted field".
2422:
with an
English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4.
960:. The apparent incongruity of exhibiting the tortured silenus in a temple devoted to harmony has been interpreted in modern scholarship as a warning against criticizing authority.
763:
would control. The prophecy was attributed to Gnaeus
Marcius, reputed to be a descendant of Marsyas. The games were duly carried out, but the Romans failed to bring the continuing
1170:
360:
Yet another version states that
Marsyas played the flute out of tune, and hence accepted his defeat. Out of shame, he chose the penalty of being skinned to be used as a winesack.
4419:
400:
overtones, and the flaying of Marsyas became a theme for painting and sculpture. His brothers, nymphs, gods, and goddesses mourned his death, and their tears, according to
290:
saw this set of sculptures and described it as "a statue of Athena striking Marsyas the Silenos for taking up the flutes that the goddess wished to be cast away for good".
411:
286:
created a group of bronze sculptures based on it, which was installed before the western front of the Parthenon around 440 BC. In the second century AD, the travel writer
2476:
with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918.
2606:
2292:
Joanna Niżyńska samples the extensive scholarship on the subversive qualities of Ovid's poetry in her comparative study "Marsyas's Howl: The Myth of Marsyas in Ovid's
2155:
106 (2002), pp. 270–271. Sulla increased the number of augurs; the nature of the controversy is debatable, but seems to do less with the proportion of plebeians to
1124:
1544:
In A. Kouremenos, S. Chandrasekaran & R. Rossi ed. 'From Pella to Gandhara: Hybridization and Identity in the Art and Architecture of the Hellenistic East'
831:
2057:
987:
A sarcophagus depicting the competition between Marsyas and Apollo, dating to around 300 CE, was discovered in 1853 on the bank of the river Chiarone in
372:
862:
fought to advance their status as citizens under Roman rule, is sometimes called the Marsic War because of the leadership of the Marsi. The Roman
647:
minted at Rome in 82 BC by L. Censorinus, with the head of Apollo and the figure of Marsyas holding a wineskin, based on the statue in the forum
2599:
241:
991:, on the former Emilia-Aurelia road. Its gathering of deities reads visually from left to right, starting from Athena with her staff and
2010:, the Liberalia, and free speech. For a detailed discussion of the case of Naevius, see Harold B. Mattingly, "Naevius and the Metelli",
2452:
translated by William Henry Denham Rouse (1863–1950), from the Loeb Classical Library, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1940.
697:, is credited with having dedicated the statue that stood in the Roman forum, most likely in 294 BC, when he became the first plebeian
2347:
2592:
488:
The hubristic Marsyas in surviving literary sources eclipses the figure of the wise Marsyas that is suggested in a few words by the
4394:
2076:. Morstein-Marx comments that the attribution of the statue to Marcius Rutilus Censorinus "is attractive, but perhaps over-bold" (
2567:
1745:
839:
4399:
1604:
820:. Sulla's legislative program attempted to curtail power invested in the people, particularly restricting the powers of the
552:") and "speaking truth to power". The earliest known representation of Marsyas at Rome stood for at least 300 years in the
4424:
2363:
2148:
1540:"Cultural convergence in Bactria: the votives from the Temple of the Oxus at Takht-i Sangin, in "From Pella to Gandhara""
1584:
767:
to a victorious conclusion until they heeded a second prophecy and imported the worship of the Phrygian Great Mother,
4414:
2481:
2226:
3.20 and 4.58: "among the free cities, there was a statue of Marsyas, who was under the protection of Father Liber" (
1316:
391:
felt that Apollo must have repented this "excessive" deed, and said that he had laid aside his lyre for a while, but
1929:
4122:
3423:
2615:
2415:
1717:
1689:
1427:
1142:
membrane, The work was impossible to view as a whole because of its size, but had obvious anatomical connotations.
124:
regards the domination of Marsyas by Apollo as an example of myth that recapitulates a supposed supplanting by the
1597:
Theatre World: Critical Perspectives on Greek Tragedy and Comedy. Studies in Honour of Georgia Xanthakis-Karamenos
1030:
is applied to gloss over the somewhat ambivalent morality of the flaying of Marsyas. Marsyas is often seen with a
4404:
3912:
3786:
888:, whose propaganda systematically associated Augustus with Apollo as the torturer of sileni. Augustus's daughter
439:
877:, along with other Italian cities, set up their own statues of Marsyas as assertions of their political status.
3570:
3106:
2886:
2681:
1917:
1088:
426:
recorded a "festival of Apollo, where the skins of all those victims one has flayed are offered to the god".
279:. The fifth-century BC poet Telestes doubted that virginal Athena could have been motivated by such vanity.
3826:
2696:
896:, who was ultimately exiled by Augustus, twice tells the story of Marsyas's flaying by Apollo, in his epic
34:
2512:
Keer, Ellen van (2004). "The Myth of Marsyas in Ancient Greek Art: Musical and Mythological Iconography".
4038:
2741:
2498:
2485:
2463:
2426:
2423:
1807:
1075:
304:
26:
3417:
341:
4324:
4227:
3096:
3066:
2646:
1999:
1864:
1694:
447:
2579:
2559:
3504:
3031:
855:
677:, says that Marsyas sent Faunus envoys who showed techniques of augury to the Italians. The plebeian
419:
167:
1900:
34 (1984) 226–229, vehemently rejects Marsyas's connection with augury, but this is a minority view.
4389:
3549:
3247:
2545:
2462:
W.H.D. Rouse. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1940-1942.
2219:
2156:
1949:
1059:
859:
825:
664:
633:
declared: "At the Liberalia games we enjoy free speech." Nonetheless, Naevius was arrested for his
629:, celebrated March 17 in honor of Liber, was a time of speaking freely, as the poet and playwright
20:
3411:
422:
near Celaenae, where Herodotus reported that the flayed skin of Marsyas was still to be seen, and
3866:
2553:
2318:
945:
799:
600:
350:
4053:
3665:
3488:
3438:
3365:
2936:
2816:
2469:
2344:
2177:
2089:
1447:
1385:
1285:
992:
772:
668:
287:
249:
2439:
translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies.
1127:), on the myth of Marsyas, describing the process of flaying from the perspective of Marsyas.
4355:
4182:
3871:
3675:
3610:
3267:
3192:
3177:
3036:
2996:
2981:
2911:
2866:
2781:
2711:
1825:
1302:
933:
739:
In 213 BC, two years after suffering one of the worst military defeats in its history at the
688:
282:
Later, however, Melanippides's story became accepted as canonical and the Athenian sculptor
2210:
78 (1988), pp. 2–3 and p. 11, note 91, with additional sources on Marsyas p. 4, notes 26–28.
2043:
78 (1988), pp. 2–3 and p. 11, note 91, with additional sources on Marsyas p. 4, notes 26–28.
93:) is a central figure in two stories involving music: in one, he picked up the double oboe (
4212:
4112:
4105:
4033:
3836:
3776:
3746:
3514:
3509:
3395:
3332:
3327:
3287:
3172:
3056:
3046:
2821:
2786:
2691:
2666:
2661:
2641:
2432:
2102:
1439:
1180:
1066:
937:
898:
588:
3590:
607:). These deities were regarded as concerning themselves specially with the welfare of the
466:
vi.383–400, where he concentrates on the tears shed into the river Marsyas, and making an
8:
4197:
4177:
4152:
4127:
4088:
4078:
3988:
3881:
3861:
3821:
3796:
3685:
3635:
3524:
3352:
3317:
3297:
2961:
2901:
2163:
by current members of the college or whether they would be elected by vote of the people.
1940:
The distinction between a satyr and a silen was sometimes blurred in the later tradition.
1371:
1341:
1084:
929:
721:
533:
423:
183:
108:
3292:
4350:
4309:
4232:
4172:
4167:
4137:
4018:
4008:
3927:
3856:
3756:
3741:
3600:
3468:
3232:
3026:
2966:
2881:
2746:
2716:
2263:
21.6.8–9, both of whom characterize Julia's meetings as sexual congress with strangers.
1520:
1260:, Brother of the satyr Marsyas, who also entered into a musical competition with Apollo
1017:
791:
787:. The arrest of Naevius for exercising free speech also took place during this period.
707:
191:
1003:). The flaying of Marsyas is set on the end opposite to Athena, on the extreme right.
4207:
4192:
4147:
4142:
4132:
4117:
4100:
4063:
4048:
4043:
3968:
3761:
3751:
3695:
3483:
3390:
3385:
3147:
3051:
3021:
3001:
2941:
2896:
2876:
2831:
2826:
2801:
2766:
2761:
2686:
2573:
2521:
2477:
1600:
1512:
1312:
1257:
892:
held nocturnal assemblies at the statue, and crowned it to defy her father. The poet
760:
718:
in 300 BC, and so the mythical teacher of augury was an apt figure to represent him.
612:
323:
1735:
1344:
are, like Marsyas, representatives of the older religion; see Ruck and Staples 1994
970:
795:
309:
4304:
4013:
4003:
3766:
3721:
3443:
3282:
3217:
3207:
3122:
2906:
2721:
2701:
2636:
2584:
2297:
2019:
1106:
1070:
925:
752:
740:
684:
616:
493:
388:
315:
147:
125:
54:
4409:
3736:
3726:
3252:
2351:
2313:
1749:
1663:
1624:
1561:
1308:
1199:
941:
917:
889:
865:
480:
and the roles of flute-players rather than Marsyas, whose name is not mentioned.
217:
213:
136:
41:
1595:, in Fountoulakis, Andreas; Markantonatos, Andreas; Vasilaros, Georgios (eds.),
1497:
3958:
3902:
3851:
3690:
3655:
3645:
3242:
2776:
2726:
2228:
in liberis civitatibus simulacrum Marsyae erat, qui in tutela Liberi patris est
1909:
988:
907:
835:
630:
596:
346:
237:
144:
84:
2367:
1968:
135 (2005), p. 227; Ann L. Kuttner, "Culture and History at Pompey's Museum,"
570:
on his left shoulder and raising his right arm. The statue was regarded as an
4383:
4368:
4299:
2926:
2806:
2731:
2525:
2389:
2106:
2073:
1516:
1098:
1092:
729:
462:
406:
327:
229:
2101:
from the end of the third century BC. One of the major deities of the Gauls
371:
to challenge a deity. Apollo then nailed Marsyas' skin to a pine tree, near
4319:
4283:
4157:
2143:
Peter Justin Moon Schertz, "Marsyas Augur: A Plebeian Augur in the Time of
1925:
1773:
1164:
based on the contest between Marsyas and Apollo titled "Aulos & Lyre".
1146:
1138:
entitled, "Marsyas". Consisting of three huge steel rings and a single red
1131:
1110:
949:
808:
803:
756:
748:
698:
472:
392:
384:
257:
2861:
460:
touches upon the theme of Marsyas twice, very briefly telling the tale in
298:
4217:
3680:
3605:
3076:
1135:
874:
775:
between the elite and the common people, expressed in political terms by
744:
652:
553:
522:
489:
194:. Alternatively, the latter was said to be Marsyas' son and/or pupil and
182:
When a genealogy was applied to him, Marsyas was the son of the "divine"
121:
2552:
2193:
Ronald T. Ridley, "The Dictator's Mistake: Caesar's Escape from Sulla",
1524:
107:
to a contest of music and lost his hide and life. Literary sources from
4268:
4242:
4187:
4095:
4023:
3670:
3237:
3202:
3071:
3006:
2951:
2706:
2173:
2023:
1480:
1401:
1237:
1116:
1013:
911:
881:
764:
604:
513:
225:
129:
1065:
Paintings taking Marsyas as a subject include "Apollo and Marsyas" by
640:
4345:
4083:
3922:
3660:
3620:
3580:
3534:
3448:
3370:
3342:
3262:
3212:
3152:
3091:
3061:
3016:
2946:
2891:
2836:
2736:
2580:
The Warburg Institute Iconographic Database: ca 280 images of Marsyas
2182:
Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association
2160:
1619:
1557:
1358:
1157:
1035:
817:
783:
777:
715:
711:
634:
626:
574:, a symbol of liberty, and was associated with demonstrations of the
549:
548:
and a proponent of free speech (the philosophical concept παρρησία, "
265:
2006:, explores the connections among Marsyas, the Aventine trinity, the
4222:
4202:
4073:
4068:
4058:
3963:
3953:
3932:
3917:
3876:
3846:
3781:
3711:
3615:
3565:
3519:
3357:
3347:
3312:
3307:
3277:
3222:
3187:
3182:
3157:
3086:
3011:
2976:
2971:
2871:
2811:
2751:
2230:). Also T. P. Wiseman, "Satyrs in Rome? The Background to Horace's
2098:
1539:
1464:
1366:
1277:
1207:
1039:
1027:
996:
974:
Competition between Marsyas and Apollo, Tuscan marble sarcophagus,
885:
824:, and to restore the dominance of the senate and the privileges of
794:, issued coins depicting the statue of Marsyas, at a time when the
743:, Rome was in the grip of a reactionary fear that led to excessive
703:
644:
621:
567:
557:
467:
433:
333:
In the contest between Apollo and Marsyas, which was judged by the
196:
155:
133:
2671:
2656:
4340:
4273:
3993:
3978:
3973:
3897:
3716:
3640:
3625:
3595:
3585:
3575:
3544:
3539:
3529:
3380:
3337:
3322:
3302:
3272:
3167:
3132:
3127:
2991:
2931:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2791:
2771:
2676:
2453:
2440:
2238:
78 (1988), p. 4; Elaine Fantham, "Liberty and the Roman People",
2094:
1964:
78 (1988), p. 4; Elaine Fantham, "Liberty and the Roman People,"
1680:
1251:
1211:
1203:
1149:
period on the river Marsyas is still called by the satyr's name,
870:
821:
562:
518:
432:
was of the opinion that the skin of Marsyas had been made into a
415:
364:
187:
163:
159:
140:
1956:
3.20; T.P. Wiseman, "Satyrs in Rome? The Background to Horace's
1662:
Tmolus was judge in another musical contest, that of Apollo and
1498:"The Hellenistic Architecture and Art of the Temple of the Oxus"
4278:
4252:
4247:
4237:
4162:
4028:
3998:
3948:
3816:
3811:
3791:
3771:
3650:
3630:
3478:
3458:
3375:
3257:
3227:
3162:
3101:
3081:
2956:
2856:
2796:
2756:
2540:
2445:
2114:
1877:
1396:
1284:, an air for the flute, was composed by Marsyas", according to
1195:
1080:
953:
847:
768:
673:
660:
656:
545:
451:
397:
380:
368:
276:
272:
171:
151:
113:
104:
100:
1896:
by Jocelyn Penny Small (Princeton University Press, 1982), in
812:, an emblem of liberty. This Marcius Censorinus was killed by
587:
Marsyas served as a minister for Dionysus or Bacchus, who was
560:, the space for political activity. He also was depicted as a
4314:
3983:
3907:
3841:
3806:
3801:
3731:
3473:
3463:
3453:
3197:
3137:
3041:
2986:
2651:
2251:
Elaine Fantham, "Liberty and the People in Republican Rome,"
2144:
2110:
1325:
1254:, a mortal woman who engaged in a weaving contest with Athena
1233:
1161:
1055:
1031:
851:
813:
733:
693:
592:
581:
576:
505:
429:
283:
253:
221:
95:
88:
45:
838:
depicting the contest of Apollo and Marsyas, c. 330–320 BC,
710:. Marcius Rutilus was also among the first plebeian augurs,
651:
Marsyas was sometimes considered a king and contemporary of
532:, published since 1941 by students of the Institute of Art,
63:
3142:
2921:
2916:
2345:"The Unilever Series: Anish Kapoor", exhibition information
2272:
2054:
Mass Oratory and Political Power in the Late Roman Republic
1675:
The most elaborated accounts are given by Diodorus Siculus
1051:
1047:
1043:
893:
679:
457:
401:
334:
233:
72:
69:
963:
2514:
Music in Art: International Journal for Music Iconography
2105:
Apollo and may have suggested opposition to Marsyas; see
1139:
496:, who refers to Marsyas as admired for his intelligence (
1134:
created and installed an enormous sculpture in London's
1058:
is seen as symbolizing the eternal struggle between the
504:), not qualities found by Greeks in ordinary satyrs. In
2147:?", paper presented at the 103rd annual meeting of the
1706:
Philostratus the Younger, Imagines 2 (trans. Fairbanks)
619:
represented took on a political meaning in Rome as the
2072:
78 (1988), p. 4. The Marcii also claimed descent from
884:, Marsyas became a subversive symbol in opposition to
544:
Among the Romans, Marsyas was cast as the inventor of
4420:
Metamorphoses into bodies of water in Greek mythology
2253:
Transactions of the American Philological Association
2240:
Transactions of the American Philological Association
2018:
was also the title of a work by the Roman playwright
1970:
Transactions of the American Philological Association
1966:
Transactions of the American Philological Association
1916:
135 (2005), p. 221; on assemblies of the people, see
1914:
Transactions of the American Philological Association
1101:
based a poem, "Marsyas", on this myth; it appears in
920:
indicates that in the first century AD, the painting
75:
66:
2614:
798:
was the subject of political controversy during the
2499:
Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library
2464:
Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library
2097:controlled the Great Mother's center of worship at
1599:, Berlin, Germany: Walter de Gruyter, p. 330,
1495:
625:that distinguished the free from the enslaved. The
539:
476:, vi.649–710, where Ovid's primary focus is on the
60:
57:
854:as well, one of the ancient peoples of Italy. The
2563:. Vol. XV (9th ed.). 1883. p. 575.
1340:According to this theory, the antagonists in the
1232:in an imaginative recreation of a lost bronze by
946:musical harmony as it was understood in antiquity
580:, or common people. It often served as a sort of
248:Marsyas was an expert player on the double-piped
4381:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1357:The river is linked to the figure of Marsyas by
1069:(c. 1492 – c.1554), "The Flaying of Marsyas" by
154:, and the mythographers situate his episodes in
2159:than a question of whether new augurs would be
1156:The late composer Kyle Rieger wrote a duet for
687:claimed that they were descended from Marsyas.
2424:Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
1145:A bridge that was built toward the end of the
117:of Marsyas and the justice of his punishment.
2600:
2486:Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
1567:
1496:LITVINSKII, B. A.; PICHIKIAN, I. R. (1994).
242:National Museum of Antiquities of Tajikistan
863:
418:(called Çine Creek today), which joins the
264:480 – 430 BC) embellished the story in his
208:
103:and played it; in the other, he challenged
2607:
2593:
2576:. English translations of Classical texts.
2427:Greek text available from the same website
2056:(Cambridge University Press, 2004), p. 99
2454:Online version at the Topos Text Project.
2441:Online version at the Topos Text Project.
1922:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities
1894:Cacus and Marsyas in Etrusco-Roman Legend
1861:Cacus and Marsyas in Etrusco-Roman Legend
1582:
659:as a native Italian ruler at the time of
2039:. 3.59; T.P. Wiseman, "Satyrs in Rome?"
1983:libera lingua loquimur ludis Liberalibus
1103:The Country of a Thousand Years of Peace
1083:(c. 1570–1576), "Apollo and Marsyas" by
1012:
969:
830:
720:
639:
438:
340:
314:
297:
212:
25:
2242:135 (2005), p. 227, especially note 52.
1882:1.6.119-21; noted by Niżyńska 2001:157.
1645:
1643:
964:The Louvre's Apollo–Marsyas sarcophagus
790:Another descendant of Marcius Rutilus,
584:upon which invective verse was posted.
4382:
1531:
1296:
1294:
1123:(included in the 1955 poem collection
1062:aspects of human nature and cultures.
530:Marsyas: Studies in the History of Art
367:alive in a cave near Celaenae for his
224:, with dedication in Greek to the god
143:. Marsyas was a devoté of the ancient
2588:
387:from which the pipes were fashioned.
293:
31:Marsyas receiving Apollo's punishment
2511:
1640:
1537:
1300:
1054:, or other stringed instrument. The
753:games in the Greek manner for Apollo
528:This is the Marsyas of the journal,
2504:Ruck, Carl A.P. and Danny Staples,
2331:Joanna Niżyńska, "Marsyas's Howl,"
2255:135 (2005), p. 227, citing Seneca,
2149:Archaeological Institute of America
2134:(University of Exeter Press, 1998).
1489:
1291:
483:
13:
2387:
1912:, "Liberty and the Roman People,"
446:by Antonio Corradini (1658–1752),
345:Apollo and Marsyas, attributed to
14:
4436:
2533:
2437:Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus
2206:T.P. Wiseman, "Satyrs in Rome?",
1585:"Aristotle on Music and Theatre (
120:One strand of modern comparative
16:Satyr musician in Greek mythology
3422:
3416:
3410:
2616:Metamorphoses in Greek mythology
2539:
2304:53.2 (Spring 2001), pp. 151–169.
2078:Mass Oratory and Political Power
2068:T.P. Wiseman, "Satyrs in Rome?"
1546:. Oxford: Archaeopress: 141–151.
1301:West, Martin L. (January 1992).
1218:
1187:
1169:
1006:
540:Prophecy and free speech at Rome
53:
4395:LGBTQ themes in Greek mythology
2508:(Carolina Academic Press) 1994.
2381:
2356:
2338:
2325:
2307:
2286:
2266:
2245:
2213:
2200:
2187:
2166:
2153:American Journal of Archaeology
2137:
2124:
2083:
2062:
2046:
2029:
1988:
1975:
1943:
1934:
1903:
1886:
1870:
1853:
1841:
1832:
1817:
1796:
1783:
1767:
1754:
1724:
1709:
1700:
1687:, 165) and Pseudo-Apollodorus'
1669:
1656:
1631:
1612:
1589:VIII 6. 1340 b 20 - 1342 b 34;
1550:
1473:
1457:
1020:'s bust of Marsyas (1680–1685).
816:and his head displayed outside
802:. On the coin, Marsyas wears a
800:Sullan civil wars of the 80s BC
410:, were the source of the river
2117:, and Apollo's Singing Swan",
1505:Bulletin of the Asia Institute
1433:
1421:
1408:
1390:
1378:
1351:
1334:
1270:
595:, one of three deities in the
1:
2409:
2132:Roman Drama and Roman History
2119:American Journal of Philology
1996:Roman Drama and Roman History
1618:Telestes, Fr. 805, quoted in
1087:(St. Louis Art Museum), and "
1056:contest of Apollo and Marsyas
1026:In the art of later periods,
975:
708:Censorinus to the family name
691:, who rose to power from the
589:identified by the Romans with
261:
99:) that had been abandoned by
4400:Musicians in Greek mythology
2364:"A. Güneygül on Archaeology"
1838:Diodorus Siculus, iii.59-59.
603:and Libera (identified with
271:, claiming that the goddess
203:
162:, at the main source of the
7:
2506:The World of Classical Myth
2497:. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903.
2335:53.2 (Spring 2001), p. 152.
2026:, in the second century BC.
1924:, Bill Thayer's edition at
1245:
1042:. Apollo is shown with his
846:Marsyas was claimed as the
765:wars with the Carthaginians
35:İstanbul Archaeology Museum
10:
4441:
4425:People executed by flaying
3408:
2300:'s ‘Apollo and Marsyas’",
2000:University of Exeter Press
1865:Princeton University Press
448:Victoria and Albert Museum
302:Apollo flaying Marsyas in
89:
18:
4364:
4333:
4292:
4261:
3941:
3890:
3704:
3558:
3497:
3431:
3115:
2629:
2622:
2172:Robert J. Rowland, Jr., "
1892:N.M. Horsfall, reviewing
1583:Poehlmann, Egert (2017),
928:, could be viewed at the
379:in modern Turkey), which
177:
4415:Metamorphoses characters
2236:Journal of Roman Studies
2208:Journal of Roman Studies
2070:Journal of Roman Studies
2041:Journal of Roman Studies
1972:129 (1999), pp. 357–358.
1962:Journal of Roman Studies
1264:
1202:at the arrivals hall of
1130:In 2002, British artist
1060:Apollonian and Dionysian
209:The finding of the aulos
186:. His father was called
21:Marsyas (disambiguation)
2560:Encyclopædia Britannica
1981:Rather alliteratively:
1738:The Classical Gazetteer
1695:Pliny's Natural History
1324:system, therefore, the
1228:: the discovery of the
611:. The freedom that the
351:National Gallery of Art
256:. The dithyrambic poet
4405:Mythological Phrygians
2574:Theoi Project: Marsyas
2333:Comparative Literature
2302:Comparative Literature
2178:Lucius Cornelius Cinna
2052:Robert Morstein-Marx,
1778:The Gods of the Greeks
1194:A marble sculpture of
1021:
982:
924:("Marsyas Bound"), by
864:
856:Social War of 91–88 BC
843:
773:Struggle of the Orders
736:
726:The Torment of Marsyas
648:
637:against the powerful.
454:
444:Apollo flaying Marsyas
383:noted was full of the
353:
330:
312:
250:double reed instrument
245:
37:
2474:Description of Greece
2458:Nonnus of Panopolis,
1859:Jocelyn Penny Small,
1802:Ptolemy Hephaestion,
1538:Wood, Rachel (2011).
1482:Lives of the Sophists
1125:Oostakkerse Gedichten
1016:
973:
932:in Rome. The goddess
834:
792:L. Marcius Censorinus
724:
689:Gaius Marcius Rutilus
643:
442:
344:
318:
301:
258:Melanippides of Melos
216:
29:
3837:Menippe and Metioche
2548:at Wikimedia Commons
2492:Graeciae Descriptio.
2433:Gaius Julius Hyginus
2273:Publius Ovidius Naso
1181:Michelangelo Anselmi
1067:Michelangelo Anselmi
500:) and self-control (
232:name. Temple of the
228:, by "Atrosokes", a
220:Marsyas playing the
111:often emphasize the
19:For other uses, see
3989:Baucis and Philemon
3362:Tyrrhenian pirates
2568:The Ancient Library
2460:Dionysiaca. 3 Vols.
2446:Nonnus of Panopolis
2121:103 (1982) 373–411.
2103:was identified with
1806:iii, summarised by
1452:Graeciae Descriptio
1342:Labours of Heracles
1304:Ancient Greek Music
1085:Bartolomeo Manfredi
930:Temple of Concordia
572:indicium libertatis
534:New York University
424:Ptolemy Hephaestion
3857:Pyramus and Thisbe
3742:Arethusa (Boeotia)
2390:"Aulos & Lyre"
2350:2011-07-20 at the
2319:Historia naturalis
2261:Historia naturalis
2197:49 (2000), p. 220.
2184:97 (1966), p. 417.
2014:9 (1960) 414–439.
1762:Library of History
1748:2007-03-03 at the
1693:(i.4.2); see also
1677:Library of History
1651:Library of History
1649:Diodorus Siculus,
1637:Pausanias, i.24.1.
1282:Song of the Mother
1226:Athena and Marsyas
1177:Apollo and Marsyas
1111:Nadine Sabra Meyer
1089:Apollo and Marsyas
1076:Flaying of Marsyas
1022:
983:
981:–300 CE, (Louvre).
952:, as expressed by
926:Zeuxis of Heraclea
844:
737:
649:
455:
354:
331:
313:
305:Apollo and Marsyas
294:Marsyas and Apollo
246:
158:(or Kelainai), in
38:
4377:
4376:
3752:Arethusa (Ithaca)
3559:Inanimate objects
3406:
3405:
2832:Cycnus of Liguria
2827:Cycnus of Colonae
2817:Cycnus of Aetolia
2682:Agrius and Oreius
2544:Media related to
2176:Propaganda under
1606:978-3-11-051896-2
1463:Pseudo-Plutarch,
1258:Babys (mythology)
1236:(Botanic Garden,
1073:(1591–1652), the
1046:, or sometimes a
958:concordia ordinum
936:, like the Greek
922:Marsyas religatus
912:imperial monarchy
822:plebeian tribunes
761:elected officials
617:Dionysian worship
338:in their eyes.
324:Peter Paul Rubens
126:Olympian pantheon
4432:
3426:
3420:
3414:
2702:Alcyone and Ceyx
2627:
2626:
2609:
2602:
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2586:
2585:
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2556:
2543:
2529:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2366:. Archived from
2360:
2354:
2342:
2336:
2329:
2323:
2311:
2305:
2298:Zbigniew Herbert
2290:
2284:
2270:
2264:
2259:6.32 and Pliny,
2249:
2243:
2217:
2211:
2204:
2198:
2191:
2185:
2170:
2164:
2151:, abstract from
2141:
2135:
2128:
2122:
2087:
2081:
2066:
2060:
2050:
2044:
2033:
2027:
2020:Lucius Pomponius
1992:
1986:
1979:
1973:
1947:
1941:
1938:
1932:
1907:
1901:
1898:Classical Review
1890:
1884:
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1836:
1830:
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1815:
1800:
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1787:
1781:
1771:
1765:
1758:
1752:
1743:"Aulocrene lac."
1728:
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1471:
1461:
1455:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1412:
1406:
1394:
1388:
1386:Anthi Dipla:2001
1382:
1376:
1355:
1349:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1298:
1289:
1274:
1222:
1191:
1173:
1119:based his poem,
1107:Zbigniew Herbert
1071:Jusepe de Ribera
980:
977:
869:
741:Battle of Cannae
494:Diodorus Siculus
484:The wise Marsyas
389:Diodorus Siculus
263:
92:
91:
82:
81:
78:
77:
74:
71:
68:
65:
62:
59:
4440:
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4429:
4390:Deeds of Apollo
4380:
4379:
4378:
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4360:
4329:
4288:
4257:
3937:
3886:
3747:Arethusa (Elis)
3700:
3554:
3493:
3432:Base appearance
3427:
3421:
3415:
3402:
3253:Lycian peasants
3111:
2618:
2613:
2554:"Marsyas"
2551:
2536:
2412:
2407:
2398:
2396:
2394:riegermusic.com
2386:
2382:
2373:
2371:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2352:Wayback Machine
2343:
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2246:
2218:
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2142:
2138:
2130:T. P. Wiseman,
2129:
2125:
2088:
2084:
2067:
2063:
2051:
2047:
2034:
2030:
1994:T. P. Wiseman,
1993:
1989:
1980:
1976:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1908:
1904:
1891:
1887:
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1750:Wayback Machine
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1625:Deipnosophistae
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1562:Deipnosophistae
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1309:Clarendon Press
1299:
1292:
1280:held "that the
1275:
1271:
1267:
1248:
1241:
1223:
1214:
1200:Walter Runeberg
1198:and Marsyas by
1192:
1183:
1174:
1024:
1023:
1009:
985:
984:
978:
966:
942:personification
860:Italian peoples
858:, in which the
796:augural college
655:, portrayed by
556:near or in the
542:
521:stood near the
486:
296:
211:
206:
180:
56:
52:
42:Greek mythology
24:
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5:
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3691:Teumessian fox
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3646:Lyco and Orphe
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3520:Cephalus' wife
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3469:Mulberry fruit
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2822:Cycnus of Ares
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2534:External links
2532:
2531:
2530:
2520:(1–2): 20–37.
2509:
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2443:
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2406:
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2388:Rieger, Kyle.
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2285:
2279:6.383–400 and
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2045:
2028:
1987:
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1933:
1910:Elaine Fantham
1902:
1885:
1876:Pliny, 34.11;
1869:
1852:
1840:
1831:
1816:
1795:
1782:
1766:
1753:
1723:
1715:-Apollodorus,
1708:
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1479:Philostratus,
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1333:
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1311:. p. 84.
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1242:
1224:
1217:
1215:
1193:
1186:
1184:
1175:
1168:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1005:
995:, forming her
968:
967:
965:
962:
836:Mantineia Base
701:and added the
631:Gnaeus Naevius
597:Aventine Triad
541:
538:
485:
482:
373:Lake Aulocrene
347:Paolo Veronese
310:José de Ribera
295:
292:
240:, 200-150 BC.
238:Takht-i Sangin
210:
207:
205:
202:
179:
176:
145:Mother Goddess
141:nature spirits
139:ancestors and
128:of an earlier
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4437:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
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4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4370:
4369:Metamorphoses
4367:
4366:
4363:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4332:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
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4303:
4301:
4300:Cumaean Sibyl
4298:
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4291:
4285:
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4280:
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4129:
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4119:
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4107:
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4025:
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4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
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3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
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3808:
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3331:
3329:
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3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3268:Melian nymphs
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
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3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
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3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
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3078:
3075:
3073:
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3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
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2950:
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2925:
2923:
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2915:
2913:
2910:
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2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
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2885:
2883:
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2878:
2875:
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2868:
2865:
2863:
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2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2732:Arne Sithonis
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2610:
2605:
2603:
2598:
2596:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2562:
2561:
2555:
2550:
2547:
2542:
2538:
2537:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2510:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2493:
2489:
2487:
2483:
2482:0-674-99328-4
2479:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2395:
2391:
2384:
2370:on 2006-02-02
2369:
2365:
2359:
2353:
2349:
2346:
2341:
2334:
2328:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2294:Metamorphoses
2289:
2282:
2278:
2277:Metamorphoses
2274:
2269:
2262:
2258:
2257:De beneficiis
2254:
2248:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2216:
2209:
2203:
2196:
2190:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2140:
2133:
2127:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2107:Frederick Ahl
2104:
2100:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2079:
2075:
2074:Ancus Marcius
2071:
2065:
2059:
2055:
2049:
2042:
2038:
2032:
2025:
2022:, possibly a
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1984:
1978:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1937:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1906:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1879:
1873:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1849:
1844:
1835:
1828:
1827:
1820:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1792:
1786:
1779:
1775:
1770:
1763:
1757:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1733:
1727:
1720:
1719:
1712:
1703:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1672:
1665:
1659:
1652:
1646:
1644:
1634:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1615:
1608:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1563:
1559:
1553:
1545:
1541:
1534:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1499:
1492:
1485:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1429:
1424:
1417:
1411:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1387:
1381:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1354:
1347:
1343:
1337:
1330:
1327:
1320:
1318:0-19-814975-1
1314:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1297:
1295:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1273:
1269:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1221:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1190:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1172:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1099:James Merrill
1096:
1094:
1093:Luca Giordano
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1019:
1015:
1007:In later arts
1004:
1002:
1001:Metamorphoses
998:
994:
990:
972:
961:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
913:
909:
905:
901:
900:
899:Metamorphoses
895:
891:
887:
883:
878:
876:
872:
868:
867:
861:
857:
853:
849:
841:
837:
833:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
810:
805:
801:
797:
793:
788:
786:
785:
780:
779:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
735:
731:
730:Louvre Museum
727:
723:
719:
717:
713:
709:
706:
705:
700:
696:
695:
690:
686:
682:
681:
676:
675:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
646:
642:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
623:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
599:, along with
598:
594:
590:
585:
583:
579:
578:
573:
569:
566:, carrying a
565:
564:
559:
555:
551:
547:
537:
535:
531:
526:
524:
520:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
481:
479:
475:
474:
469:
465:
464:
463:Metamorphoses
459:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
435:
431:
427:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
408:
407:Metamorphoses
403:
399:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
377:Karakuyu Gölü
374:
370:
366:
361:
358:
352:
348:
343:
339:
336:
329:
328:Louvre Museum
325:
321:
317:
311:
307:
306:
300:
291:
289:
285:
280:
278:
274:
270:
267:
259:
255:
252:known as the
251:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
201:
199:
198:
193:
189:
185:
175:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
146:
142:
138:
135:
131:
127:
123:
118:
116:
115:
110:
106:
102:
98:
97:
86:
80:
50:
47:
43:
36:
32:
28:
22:
4320:Milk of Hera
4284:Periclymenus
3891:Opposite sex
3831:
2558:
2517:
2513:
2505:
2494:
2491:
2473:
2459:
2449:
2436:
2419:
2397:. Retrieved
2393:
2383:
2372:. Retrieved
2368:the original
2358:
2340:
2332:
2327:
2317:
2309:
2301:
2293:
2288:
2280:
2276:
2268:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2247:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2215:
2207:
2202:
2194:
2189:
2181:
2168:
2152:
2139:
2131:
2126:
2118:
2085:
2077:
2069:
2064:
2053:
2048:
2040:
2036:
2031:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1995:
1990:
1982:
1977:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1945:
1936:
1926:LacusCurtius
1921:
1913:
1905:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1881:
1872:
1860:
1855:
1847:
1843:
1834:
1824:
1819:
1811:
1803:
1798:
1790:
1785:
1777:
1774:Karl Kerenyi
1769:
1761:
1756:
1740:
1737:
1731:
1726:
1716:
1711:
1702:
1688:
1684:
1676:
1671:
1658:
1650:
1633:
1623:
1614:
1596:
1590:
1586:
1552:
1543:
1533:
1508:
1504:
1491:
1481:
1475:
1465:
1459:
1451:
1443:
1435:
1423:
1415:
1410:
1400:
1392:
1380:
1370:
1365:, 7.26) and
1362:
1353:
1345:
1336:
1322:
1303:
1281:
1276:The folk of
1272:
1229:
1225:
1176:
1155:
1150:
1144:
1132:Anish Kapoor
1129:
1120:
1115:
1102:
1097:
1074:
1064:
1025:
1000:
993:Erichthonius
986:
957:
950:social order
921:
916:
903:
897:
879:
845:
807:
804:Phrygian cap
789:
782:
776:
757:Roman senate
755:, which the
738:
725:
702:
692:
678:
672:
650:
620:
608:
593:Father Liber
586:
575:
571:
561:
543:
529:
527:
509:
501:
497:
487:
477:
471:
461:
456:
443:
428:
405:
393:Karl Kerenyi
376:
362:
359:
355:
332:
320:Marsyas tied
319:
303:
281:
268:
247:
195:
181:
132:religion of
119:
112:
94:
48:
39:
30:
4334:False myths
4218:Psalacantha
4054:Eteocleides
3681:Propoetides
3606:Britomartis
3489:White raven
3077:Polytechnus
2490:Pausanias,
2420:The Library
2416:Apollodorus
2232:Ars Poetica
2224:ad Aeneidos
1958:Ars Poetica
1954:ad Aeneidos
1812:Myriobiblon
1804:New History
1789:Herodotus,
1718:Bibliotheke
1690:Bibliotheke
1428:Apollodorus
1136:Tate Modern
902:and in the
880:During the
875:Alba Fucens
745:religiosity
714:into their
554:Roman Forum
523:Roman Forum
490:Hellenistic
398:shamanistic
218:Hellenistic
166:(the river
130:"Pelasgian"
122:mythography
4384:Categories
4269:Greek gods
4188:Oechalides
4153:Messapians
4113:Hyacinthus
4096:Hesperides
4024:Cyparissus
3671:Polydectes
3366:Aethalides
3238:Hippomenes
3072:Polyphonte
3007:Oenotropae
2957:Memnonides
2952:Meleagrids
2887:Hippodamia
2742:Ascalaphus
2707:Alcyonides
2450:Dionysiaca
2410:References
2399:2023-06-09
2374:2006-01-21
2283:6.649–710.
2174:Numismatic
2157:patricians
2024:satyr play
1930:"Comitia."
1867:) 1962:68.
1826:Euthydemus
1760:Diodorus,
1734:xii.8.15;
1556:quoted in
1402:Dionysiaca
1238:Copenhagen
1117:Hugo Claus
1095:(c.1665).
1038:, or even
979: 290
956:'s phrase
882:Principate
826:patricians
669:commentary
635:invectives
605:Persephone
514:Alcibiades
502:sophrosune
492:historian
4356:Rhodanthe
4346:Amethyste
4262:Voluntary
4183:Narcissus
4123:Leucothoe
4084:Phaethusa
3923:Siproites
3913:Leucippus
3705:Landforms
3661:Pandareus
3621:Cragaleus
3581:Anaxarete
3535:Myrmidons
3498:Humanoids
3449:Charybdis
3371:Alcimedon
3343:Theophane
3263:Melanippe
3213:Galanthis
3178:Cephissus
3153:Ascalabus
3148:Aristaeus
3116:Non-avian
3092:Schoeneus
3062:Philomela
3037:Peristera
3017:Pandareus
2997:Nyctimene
2947:Megaletor
2892:Hyperippe
2867:Harpalyce
2862:Harmothoë
2837:Daedalion
2737:Artemiche
2712:Alectryon
2526:1522-7464
2470:Pausanias
2090:Pausanias
2080:, p. 99).
2035:Servius,
2002:, 1998),
1880:, Satires
1848:Symposium
1823:Plato, ''
1793:vii.26.3.
1791:Histories
1780:1951:179.
1736:Hazlitt,
1732:Geography
1620:Athenaeus
1564:, 14.616e
1558:Athenaeus
1517:0890-4464
1511:: 47–66.
1448:Pausanias
1414:Hyginus,
1375:, 1.2.8).
1363:Histories
1359:Herodotus
1288:(x.30.9).
1286:Pausanias
1158:saxophone
1036:pan pipes
948:, and of
934:Concordia
818:Praeneste
784:populares
778:optimates
667:, in his
627:Liberalia
613:ecstasies
550:parrhesia
510:Symposium
288:Pausanias
266:dithyramb
204:Mythology
109:antiquity
4325:Pleiades
4213:Platanus
4203:Picolous
4138:Lycurgus
4106:Erytheia
4074:Lampetia
4069:Dioxippe
4059:Heliades
4034:Diopatra
3969:Ambrosia
3964:Amaracus
3954:Agdistis
3933:Tiresias
3918:Salmacis
3877:Selemnus
3867:Rhodopis
3847:Perimele
3797:Comaetho
3782:Castalia
3777:Calliste
3712:Achelous
3616:Cercopes
3571:Aglaurus
3566:Aconteus
3515:Cymodoce
3510:Calliste
3444:Antigone
3439:Achilles
3396:Opheltes
3358:Tithonus
3348:Tiresias
3333:Pompilus
3328:Phoenice
3313:Pentheus
3308:Odysseus
3278:Minyades
3223:Harmonia
3208:Cynosura
3188:Cercopes
3183:Cerambus
3173:Callisto
3158:Atalanta
3107:Timandra
3087:Rhexenor
3067:Pleiades
3057:Philaeus
3047:Pierides
3032:Periphas
3012:Ortygius
2982:Neophron
2977:Munichus
2972:Minyades
2872:Harpasus
2812:Ctesylla
2787:Chelidon
2782:Cerberus
2752:Autonous
2722:Antigone
2692:Alcander
2667:Aegypius
2662:Aegolius
2647:Acanthus
2642:Acanthis
2348:Archived
2195:Historia
2099:Pessinus
2012:Historia
1850:215.b-c.
1746:Archived
1730:Strabo,
1653:5. 75. 3
1587:Politics
1525:24048765
1466:On Music
1372:Anabasis
1367:Xenophon
1329:'shawm.'
1278:Celaenae
1246:See also
1208:Helsinki
1151:Marsiyas
1105:(1959).
1040:bagpipes
1028:allegory
1018:Permoser
997:caduceus
944:of both
940:, was a
938:Harmonia
908:republic
886:Augustus
866:coloniae
712:co-opted
704:cognomen
645:Denarius
622:libertas
568:wineskin
558:comitium
468:allusion
434:wineskin
230:Bactrian
197:eromenos
168:Menderes
156:Celaenae
134:chthonic
4341:Acantha
4274:Kobalos
4198:Phyllis
4193:Philyra
4178:Myrsine
4128:Libanus
3994:Calamus
3979:Anethus
3974:Ampelus
3898:Caeneus
3882:Sybaris
3862:Rhodope
3832:Marsyas
3822:Lilaeus
3757:Asteria
3737:Alpheus
3717:Acheron
3686:Pyrrhus
3676:Proetus
3666:Phineus
3641:Lethaea
3636:Laelaps
3626:Daphnis
3611:Calydon
3596:Aspalis
3591:Arsinoë
3586:Ariadne
3576:Alcmene
3545:Spartoi
3540:Nephele
3530:Leleges
3525:Galatea
3381:Epopeus
3353:Titanis
3338:Taygete
3323:Phineus
3318:Phalanx
3303:Ocyrhoe
3298:Nerites
3273:Melissa
3203:Curetes
3193:Chelone
3168:Calchus
3133:Arachne
3128:Actaeon
2992:Nyctaea
2962:Meropis
2932:Lelante
2902:Ictinus
2852:Eumelus
2847:Erodius
2842:Erinoma
2792:Cinyras
2772:Caeneus
2747:Asteria
2697:Alcyone
2677:Aesacus
2623:Animals
2546:Marsyas
2220:Servius
2161:coopted
2115:Avallon
2095:Galatia
2058:online.
2016:Marsyas
1950:Servius
1829:, 285c.
1808:Photius
1764:v.75.3.
1685:Fabulae
1681:Hyginus
1591:Poetics
1484:, 2.5.5
1454:10.30.9
1444:Fabulae
1440:Hyginus
1430:, 1.4.2
1416:Fabulae
1252:Arachne
1212:Finland
1204:Ateneum
989:Tuscany
871:Paestum
850:of the
809:pilleus
716:college
683:of the
671:on the
665:Servius
519:silenus
512:, when
498:sunesis
420:Meander
416:Phrygia
412:Marsyas
363:He was
269:Marsyas
192:Olympus
188:Oeagrus
184:Hyagnis
164:Meander
160:Phrygia
90:Μαρσύας
49:Marsyas
4410:Satyrs
4351:Orchis
4310:Hyades
4279:Mestra
4253:Syrinx
4248:Syceus
4238:Smyrna
4233:Smilax
4223:Saliva
4173:Myrina
4168:Myrice
4163:Minthe
4089:Phoebe
4079:Merope
4039:Dryope
4029:Daphne
4019:Crocus
4014:Clytie
4009:Cissus
3999:Carpus
3949:Adonis
3942:Plants
3928:Sithon
3872:Sangas
3852:Pirene
3817:Lichas
3812:Haemus
3792:Cleite
3787:Chione
3772:Byblis
3656:Pallas
3651:Olenus
3631:Iodame
3601:Battus
3550:Weasel
3484:Sirens
3479:Scylla
3459:Medusa
3376:Dictys
3288:Myrmex
3258:Lyncus
3248:Lycaon
3233:Helice
3228:Hecuba
3163:Cadmus
3102:Tereus
3097:Scylla
3082:Procne
3027:Perdix
2967:Merops
2937:Lycius
2882:Hierax
2857:Gerana
2807:Corone
2797:Clinis
2777:Celeus
2757:Botres
2717:Anthus
2524:
2495:3 vols
2480:
2322:35.66.
2037:ad Aen
2004:passim
1878:Horace
1697:16.89.
1603:
1523:
1515:
1405:10.233
1397:Nonnus
1346:passim
1315:
1196:Apollo
1121:Marsua
1081:Titian
954:Cicero
848:eponym
769:Cybele
749:senate
747:. The
699:censor
685:Marcii
674:Aeneid
661:Aeneas
657:Vergil
653:Faunus
591:their
546:augury
452:London
381:Strabo
369:hubris
365:flayed
277:hubris
273:Athena
178:Family
172:Turkey
152:Cybele
137:heroic
114:hubris
105:Apollo
101:Athena
44:, the
4315:Hylas
4293:Other
4243:Spear
4208:Pitys
4148:Melus
4143:Mecon
4133:Lotis
4118:Leuce
4101:Aegle
4064:Aegle
4049:Elate
4044:Elaea
4004:Carya
3984:Attis
3908:Iphis
3842:Niobe
3827:Manto
3807:Dirce
3802:Cyane
3762:Atlas
3732:Alope
3474:Phaon
3464:Midas
3454:Lamia
3391:Medon
3386:Melas
3198:Circe
3138:Arcas
3052:Phene
3042:Picus
3022:Pelia
3002:Oenoe
2987:Nisus
2942:Lycus
2927:Laius
2897:Hyria
2877:Harpe
2802:Combe
2767:Byssa
2762:Bulis
2727:Argus
2687:Agron
2672:Aëtos
2657:Aëdon
2652:Acmon
2630:Avian
2314:Pliny
2281:Fasti
2145:Sulla
2111:Amber
2008:plebs
1918:Smith
1721:i.4.2
1521:JSTOR
1501:(PDF)
1446:273;
1326:aulos
1265:Notes
1234:Myron
1230:aulos
1162:piano
1147:Roman
1091:" by
1032:flute
918:Pliny
904:Fasti
890:Julia
852:Marsi
814:Sulla
734:Paris
694:plebs
609:plebs
601:Ceres
582:kiosk
577:plebs
563:silen
506:Plato
478:aulos
473:Fasti
430:Plato
385:reeds
335:Muses
322:, by
284:Myron
254:aulos
222:aulos
96:aulos
85:Greek
46:satyr
4305:Echo
4228:Side
4158:Milk
3959:Ajax
3767:Aura
3722:Acis
3696:Wolf
3505:Arne
3293:Naïs
3283:Myia
3218:Gale
3143:Arge
3123:Abas
2922:Iynx
2917:Itys
2907:Idas
2637:Abas
2522:ISSN
2478:ISBN
2296:and
1814:190.
1741:s.v.
1628:616f
1601:ISBN
1513:ISSN
1384:see
1313:ISBN
1160:and
1109:and
1052:viol
1048:harp
1044:lyre
894:Ovid
873:and
840:NAMA
781:and
759:and
680:gens
458:Ovid
402:Ovid
234:Oxus
226:Oxus
148:Rhea
3727:Aea
2912:Ino
2234:",
2180:,"
2109:, "
1960:,"
1664:Pan
1468:, 7
1418:165
1206:in
1179:by
1140:PVC
1079:by
910:to
806:or
615:of
508:'s
470:in
414:in
404:'s
308:by
190:or
174:).
170:in
64:ɑːr
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4386::
3243:Io
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2518:29
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2472:,
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2435:,
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2316:,
2275:,
2222:,
2113:,
1952:,
1928:,
1920:,
1810:,
1776:,
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1569:^
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450:,
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