958:
952:
160:
25:
507:, Gamboa's successor designated by the king. Gamboa was in Chillán when he heard the news, and handed over his command and treated his successor with courtesy. However, Sotomayor had also come to hear the innumerable complaints against Gamboa and judge his guilt. As a result, he had to detain Gamboa in the government house in Santiago, letting him out only on bail. Eventually, he was absolved and given his freedom.
399:
He returned to prominence when
Rodrigo de Quiroga received his second mandate. Because of the sickness of the governor, Gamboa was again entrusted with the leadership of the war effort. In 1577, Quiroga named Gamboa his successor in his will, and just before his death, made him interim governor. All
427:
The
Viceroy delayed nearly a year in his confirmation, and the king took an even more ambivalent view towards him. In order to fully secure the trust of the king, Gamboa thought that the achievement of the king's wishes that the Indians be protected would increase his standing. For this he replaced
459:
This new system provoked increasing confrontations with the encomenderos, as they were sure (and later proved correct) that the
Indians wouldn't pay the new tribute and would instead dedicate themselves to leisure. The new enemies that Gamboa thus created for himself began to pass rumors to the
510:
Gamboa had long waited for the permission of the
Audiencia of Lima to travel to Spain to justify his conduct to the king. However, he never realized this trip, living his last days in Santiago away from the interference of the government. He died at Santiago in 1590.
470:
Gamboa spent the final years of his mandate (1581-1583) in the south of the country, engaged in permanent conflict with the natives. On June 25, 1580 he had founded a city named San
Bartolomé Chillán y Gamboa, which became known as
456:
was created to oversee the tax system and the protection of the
Indians. These functionaries were to be supported by a portion of the tax, but a majority of it went to the encomenderos.
415:
sent messengers to Gamboa to ask him to return to the capital to receive the mandate. He was sworn in on March 8, 1580. He then pursued the ratification of his mandate by the
957:
791:
731:
606:
836:
831:
467:, who opposed his administration. However, the governor was able to gain control of the situation, pressuring Azocar, and finally chasing him from Chile.
861:
464:
1017:
576:
931:
1022:
826:
906:
746:
896:
771:
886:
97:
69:
46:
76:
1007:
911:
651:
569:
856:
721:
816:
83:
1027:
1012:
926:
776:
756:
706:
992:
821:
65:
982:
562:
116:
54:
796:
716:
736:
781:
741:
503:. These arrived well enough (although there were many desertions during the journey), but under the command of
50:
977:
881:
871:
921:
436:. This replaced the tribute of labor required of the Indians with a simple monetary tax. The Indians of the
696:
676:
666:
325:, the son of Andrés Ruiz de Gamboa and Nafarra de Berriz, and served as a youth in the royal navy in the
951:
941:
891:
90:
851:
766:
661:
806:
987:
916:
726:
801:
866:
841:
626:
383:
entrusted him with the direction of the war. However, in 1569 he suffered a complete defeat in the
365:
35:
681:
585:
534:
301:
171:
39:
811:
686:
1032:
876:
751:
711:
701:
611:
601:
1002:
997:
846:
429:
8:
641:
545:
504:
216:
901:
432:, which itself had never really been enforced, with another which is known today as the
360:
Indians. He named the island New
Galicia, and on November 12, 1567, founded the city of
631:
621:
527:
475:. The situation of the war during his tenure only worsened, since the rebellion of the
449:
401:
341:
204:
192:
761:
656:
646:
616:
596:
384:
691:
671:
289:
786:
353:
463:
Amidst all this, Gamboa had to respond to a rebellion by his lieutenant governor
445:
416:
412:
257:
344:, with whom he had familial ties after marrying his daughter Isabel de Quiroga.
936:
433:
380:
318:
237:
971:
369:
361:
294:
159:
554:
297:
130:
340:, being named in 1565 the lieutenant general for the governor at the time
495:
As a result of the setbacks, Gamboa had to send for reinforcements from
400:
this was allowed because of privileges granted by the king at the time,
388:
337:
472:
484:
480:
24:
476:
441:
373:
134:
357:
326:
322:
241:
496:
261:
245:
500:
460:
Viceroy, who each day had a more negative image of Gamboa.
330:
483:, who previously had not been aggressive, and by the
407:As soon as Quiroga died, on February 25, 1580, the
336:Remaining in the area, he would participate in the
391:and suffering a marginalization from public life.
379:Given his experience in the Arauco War, the Real
969:
440:were required to pay nine pesos annually in the
141: and the second or maternal family name is
364:there. He was governor of Chiloé, and in 1568
570:
584:
53:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
577:
563:
352:He achieved the conquest of the island of
158:
1018:Spanish people in the Viceroyalty of Peru
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
333:, eventually arriving in Chile in 1552.
1023:16th-century Spanish military personnel
368:named him general and chief justice of
329:. Before the age of 18, he traveled to
970:
558:
347:
288:
394:
51:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
293:; 1533 – 1590) was a Spanish
13:
14:
1044:
422:
956:
950:
23:
290:[maɾˈtinrwiθðeɣamˈβo.a]
282:Martín Ruiz de Gamboa de Berriz
1008:16th-century Spanish explorers
490:
312:
1:
307:
255:1590 (aged 56–57)
133:, the first or paternal
7:
1028:People from Durango, Biscay
1013:16th-century Chilean people
10:
1049:
993:Viceroyalty of Peru people
128:
948:
592:
541:
532:
524:
519:
275:
267:
251:
231:
226:
222:
210:
198:
188:
177:
170:
166:
157:
150:
983:Royal governors of Chile
586:Royal Governors of Chile
366:Melchor Bravo de Saravia
782:Henríquez de Villalobos
535:Royal Governor of Chile
356:by subduing the docile
302:Royal Governor of Chile
172:Royal Governor of Chile
66:"Martín Ruiz de Gamboa"
286:Spanish pronunciation:
922:Rodríguez Ballesteros
817:Sánchez de la Barreda
152:Martín Ruiz de Gamboa
978:Basque conquistadors
722:Fernández de Córdoba
47:improve this article
16:Spanish conquistador
546:Alonso de Sotomayor
520:Government offices
505:Alonso de Sotomayor
217:Alonso de Sotomayor
882:Álvarez de Acevedo
872:Álvarez de Acevedo
682:Merlo de la Fuente
607:Hurtado de Mendoza
528:Rodrigo de Quiroga
479:was joined by the
402:Philip II of Spain
362:Santiago de Castro
348:Governor of Chiloé
342:Rodrigo de Quiroga
205:Rodrigo de Quiroga
965:
964:
553:
552:
542:Succeeded by
430:Tasa de Santillán
395:Governor of Chile
385:Battle of Catirai
279:
278:
271:Isabel de Quiroga
127:
126:
119:
101:
1040:
988:Spanish generals
960:
954:
827:Manso de Velasco
777:González Montero
757:González Montero
627:Bravo de Saravia
579:
572:
565:
556:
555:
548:
525:Preceded by
517:
516:
487:nearby Chillán.
300:who served as a
292:
287:
227:Personal details
213:
201:
182:
162:
148:
147:
122:
115:
111:
108:
102:
100:
59:
27:
19:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1038:
1037:
968:
967:
966:
961:
955:
946:
927:García Carrasco
917:Muñoz de Guzmán
907:Santiago Concha
852:Guill y Gonzaga
807:Santiago Concha
792:Marín de Poveda
732:López de Zúñiga
727:Laso de la Vega
677:García de Ramón
667:García de Ramón
588:
583:
549:
544:
538:
530:
514:
493:
448:, and seven in
425:
417:Viceroy of Peru
397:
350:
317:He was born in
315:
310:
285:
256:
236:
211:
199:
183:
178:
153:
146:
123:
112:
106:
103:
60:
58:
44:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1046:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
963:
962:
949:
947:
945:
944:
942:Marcó del Pont
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
912:Diez de Medina
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
837:Ortíz de Rosas
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
812:Cano de Aponte
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
652:Óñez de Loyola
649:
644:
639:
637:Ruiz de Gamboa
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
593:
590:
589:
582:
581:
574:
567:
559:
551:
550:
543:
540:
531:
526:
522:
521:
492:
489:
465:Lope de Azócar
452:. The post of
438:repartamientos
434:Tasa de Gamboa
424:
423:Tasa de Gamboa
421:
419:and the king.
396:
393:
349:
346:
314:
311:
309:
306:
277:
276:
273:
272:
269:
265:
264:
253:
249:
248:
233:
229:
228:
224:
223:
220:
219:
214:
208:
207:
202:
196:
195:
193:King Philip II
190:
186:
185:
175:
174:
168:
167:
164:
163:
155:
154:
151:
139:Ruiz de Gamboa
125:
124:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1045:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
975:
973:
959:
953:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
932:Toro Zambrano
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
747:Acuña Cabrera
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
702:Ulloa y Lemos
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
594:
591:
587:
580:
575:
573:
568:
566:
561:
560:
557:
547:
537:
536:
529:
523:
518:
515:
512:
508:
506:
502:
498:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
468:
466:
461:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
420:
418:
414:
410:
405:
403:
392:
390:
387:, losing his
386:
382:
377:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
345:
343:
339:
334:
332:
328:
324:
320:
305:
303:
299:
296:
291:
283:
274:
270:
266:
263:
259:
254:
250:
247:
243:
239:
234:
230:
225:
221:
218:
215:
209:
206:
203:
197:
194:
191:
187:
181:
176:
173:
169:
165:
161:
156:
149:
144:
140:
136:
132:
121:
118:
110:
107:December 2009
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
78:
75:
71:
68: –
67:
63:
62:Find sources:
56:
52:
48:
42:
41:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1033:Encomenderos
636:
533:
513:
509:
494:
469:
462:
458:
453:
437:
426:
408:
406:
398:
378:
351:
335:
316:
298:conquistador
281:
280:
212:Succeeded by
179:
142:
138:
131:Spanish name
113:
104:
94:
87:
80:
73:
61:
45:Please help
33:
1003:1590 deaths
998:1533 births
707:De la Cerda
687:Jaraquemada
617:P. Villagra
612:F. Villagra
602:F. Villagra
491:Final years
450:La Imperial
313:Early years
200:Preceded by
972:Categories
697:Talaverano
539:1580–1583
481:Huilliches
454:corregidor
389:encomienda
338:Arauco War
77:newspapers
887:O'Higgins
877:Benavides
857:Balmaseda
822:Salamanca
642:Sotomayor
485:Pehuenche
381:Audiencia
308:Biography
184:1580–1583
180:In office
143:De Berriz
34:does not
902:Del Pino
867:Jáuregui
847:Berroeta
742:Figueroa
662:Quiñones
657:Viscarra
647:Viscarra
597:Valdivia
477:Mapuches
446:Santiago
413:Santiago
258:Santiago
129:In this
892:Rezabal
862:Morales
802:Ustariz
767:Meneses
632:Quiroga
622:Quiroga
473:Chillán
442:diocese
409:cabildo
374:Tucapel
319:Durango
238:Durango
189:Monarch
135:surname
91:scholar
55:removed
40:sources
937:Osorio
897:Avilés
832:Ovando
797:Ibáñez
772:Dávila
762:Peredo
752:Porter
737:Mujica
712:Osores
692:Ribera
672:Ribera
370:Arauco
358:Cuncos
354:Chiloé
327:Levant
323:Biscay
295:Basque
268:Spouse
242:Biscay
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
787:Garro
717:Álava
497:Spain
262:Chile
246:Spain
98:JSTOR
84:books
842:Amat
501:Peru
499:and
428:the
372:and
331:Peru
252:Died
235:1533
232:Born
70:news
38:any
36:cite
444:of
411:of
137:is
49:by
974::
404:.
376:.
321:,
304:.
260:,
244:,
240:,
578:e
571:t
564:v
284:(
145:.
120:)
114:(
109:)
105:(
95:·
88:·
81:·
74:·
57:.
43:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
