Parliament of Australia

2542:", or a recorded vote. In that case the bells are rung throughout Parliament House summoning Senators or Members to the chamber. During a division, members who favour the motion move to the right side of the chamber (the side to the Speaker's or President's right), and those opposed move to the left. They are then counted by "tellers" (government and opposition whips), and the motion is passed or defeated accordingly. In the Senate, in order not to deprive a state of a vote in what is supposed to be a states' house, the president is permitted a vote along with other senators (however, that right is rarely exercised); in the case of a tie, the president does not have a casting vote and the motion fails. In the House of Representatives, the Speaker does not vote, but has a 2015: 718: 2158: 452: 2027: 2807: 2586: 732: 295: 14126: 54: 3101:. Regular free-to-air television broadcasts of question time began in August 1990 from the Senate and February 1991 from the House of Representatives. Question time from the House of Representatives is televised live, and the Senate question time is recorded and broadcast later that day. Other free-to-air televised broadcasts include: the Treasurer's Budget speech and the Leader of the Opposition's reply to the Budget two days later; the opening of Parliament by the governor-general; the swearing-in of governors-general; and addresses to the Parliament by visiting heads of state. 950: 13767: 14024: 14168: 1958: 40: 1908: 1893: 14075: 2715: 11392: 10667: 790: 2754:. There are a number of ways that witnesses can be found in contempt, these include; refusing to appear before a committee when summoned, refusing to answer a question during a hearing or to produce a document, or later being found to have lied to or misled a committee. Anyone who attempts to influence a witness may also be found in contempt. Other powers include, the ability to meet throughout Australia, to establish subcommittees and to take evidence in both public and private hearings. 13922: 13818: 955: 2723: 13869: 13973: 1603: 1954:, as it is called today, commenced on 28 August 1923 and was completed in early 1927. It was built by the Commonwealth Department of Works, using workers and materials from all over Australia. The final cost was about £600,000, which was more than three times the original estimate. It was designed to house the parliament for a maximum of 50 years until a permanent facility could be built, but was actually used for more than 60 years. 2931: 2737:

ask questions of witnesses, including ministers and public officials, as well as conduct inquiries, and examine policy and legislation. Once a particular inquiry is completed the members of the committee can then produce a report, to be tabled in Parliament, outlining what they have discovered as well as any recommendations that they have produced for the government or house to consider.

2644: 3047:: they cannot be sued for anything they say in Parliament about each other or about persons outside the Parliament. This privilege extends to reporting in the media of anything a senator or member says in Parliament. The proceedings of parliamentary committees, wherever they meet, are also covered by privilege, and this extends to witnesses before such committees. 2565:, where a vote is taken on the general outlines of the bill. Although rare, the legislation can then be considered by a House committee, which reports back to the House on any recommendations. This is followed by a consideration in detail stage, where the House can consider the clauses of the bill in detail and make any amendments. This is finally followed by a 2608:

bills are introduced by ministers. Bills introduced by other members are called private members' bills. All bills must be passed by both houses and assented to by the governor-general to become law. The Senate has the same legislative powers as the House, except that it may not amend or introduce money bills, only pass or reject them. The

2835:. Cabinet meetings are strictly private and occur once a week where vital issues are discussed and policy formulated. The Constitution does not recognise the Cabinet as a legal entity; it exists solely by convention. Its decisions do not in and of themselves have legal force. However, it serves as the practical expression of the 2786:, which are responsible for administering aspects of the Parliament's own affairs. These include the Selection Committees of both Houses that determine how the Parliament will deal with particular pieces of legislation and private members' business, and the Privileges Committees that deal with matters of parliamentary privilege. 2667:

the proposed law with or without any amendments which have been made, suggested, or agreed to by the Senate, and the Senate rejects or fails to pass it, or passes it with amendments to which the House of Representatives will not agree, the Governor-General may dissolve the Senate and the House of Representatives simultaneously.

2728: 2724: 2725: 2569:, where the bill is either passed or rejected by the House. If passed, the legislation is then sent to the Senate, which has a similar structure of debate and passage except that consideration of bills by Senate committees is more common than in the House and the consideration in detail stage is replaced by a 2688:

and the requirement that the number of members of the lower house be "nearly as practicable" twice that of the Senate, a joint sitting after a double dissolution is more likely than not to lead to a victory for the lower house over the Senate. This provision has only been invoked on one occasion, after the

2774:, which are established on an ongoing basis and are responsible for scrutinising bills and topics referred to them by the chamber or minister; examining the government's budget and activities (in what is called the budget estimates process); and for examining departmental annual reports and activities. 3070:. This power has now been delegated to the courts. There have been few convictions. In May 2007, Harriet Swift, an anti-logging activist from New South Wales was convicted and reprimanded for contempt of Parliament, after she wrote fictitious press releases and letters purporting to be from Federal MP 2958:

One of the functions of the Senate, both directly and through its committees, is to scrutinise government activity. The vigour of this scrutiny has been fuelled for many years by the fact that the party in government has seldom had a majority in the Senate. Whereas in the House of Representatives the

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A minister is not required to be a senator or member of the House of Representatives at the time of their appointment, but their office is forfeited if they do not become a member of either house within three months of their appointment. This provision was included in the Constitution (section 64) to

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in which senators and members address questions without notice to the prime minister and other ministers. Senators and members can also present petitions from their constituents. Both houses have an extensive system of committees in which draft bills are debated, matters of public policy are inquired

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Section 96 of the Australian Constitution gives the Commonwealth Parliament the power to grant money to any State, "on such terms and conditions as the Parliament thinks fit". In effect, the Commonwealth can make grants subject to states implementing particular policies in their fields of legislative

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The principal function of the Parliament is to pass laws, or legislation. Any parliamentarian may introduce a proposed law (a bill), except for a money bill (a bill proposing an expenditure or levying a tax), which must be introduced in the House of Representatives. In practice, the great majority of

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for each chamber. The quorum of the Senate is one-quarter of the total membership (nineteen); that of the House of Representatives is one-fifth of the total membership (thirty-one). In theory, if a quorum is not present, then a House may not continue to meet. In practice, members usually agree not to

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of a senator shall be filled by the state Parliament. If the previous senator was a member of a particular political party the replacement must come from the same party, but the state Parliament may choose not to fill the vacancy, in which case section 11 requires the Senate to proceed regardless. If

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was selected for the location of the nation's capital city in 1908. A competition was announced on 30 June 1914 to design Parliament House, with prize money of £7,000. However, due to the start of World War I the next month, the competition was cancelled. It was re-announced in August 1916, but again

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of the total membership of the joint sitting, it is treated as though it had been passed separately by both houses, and is presented for royal assent. With proportional representation, and the small majorities in the Senate compared to the generally larger majorities in the House of Representatives,

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If the House of Representatives passes any proposed law, and the Senate rejects or fails to pass it, or passes it with amendments to which the House of Representatives will not agree, and if after an interval of three months the House of Representatives, in the same or the next session, again passes

2630:: these provide a forum for debates on public policy matters. Senators and members can move motions on a range of matters relevant to their constituents, and can also move motions of censure against the government or individual ministers. On most sitting days in each house there is a session called 2357:". Hence, the House presently consists of 151 members. Each state is allocated seats based on its population; however, each original state, regardless of size, is guaranteed at least five seats. The Constitution does not guarantee representation for the territories. Parliament granted a seat to the 2225:

The Constitution allows Parliament to determine the number of senators by legislation, provided that the six original states are equally represented. Furthermore, the Constitution provides that each original state is entitled to at least six senators. However, neither of these provisions applies to

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In addition to the work of the main chambers, both the Senate and the House of Representatives have a large number of investigatory and scrutiny committees which deal with matters referred to them by their respective houses or ministers. They provide the opportunity for all members and senators to

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In an election following a double dissolution, each state elects their entire 12-seat Senate delegation, while the two territories represented in the Senate each elect their two senators as they would in a regular federal election. Because all seats are contested in the same election, it is easier

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in 1922, and to the Australian Capital Territory in 1948; these territorial representatives, however, had only limited voting rights until 1968. Federal electorates have their boundaries redrawn or redistributed whenever a state or territory has its number of seats adjusted, if electorates are not

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as caretaker prime minister on the understanding that he could secure supply and would immediately call new elections. This action in itself was a source of controversy and debate continues on the proper usage of the Senate's ability to block supply and on whether such a power should even exist.

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to follow the advice of the executive council on almost all occasions, giving it de facto executive power. A senior member of the Cabinet holds the office of vice-president of the executive council and acts as presiding officer of the executive council in the absence of the governor-general. The

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The Constitution prevents the Senate from originating or amending the annual appropriation bills "for the ordinary annual services of the Government"; they may only defer or reject them. As a result, whilst the framers of the Constitution intended that the executive government would require the

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The powers, privileges, and immunities of the Senate and of the House of Representatives, and of the members and the committees of each House, shall be such as are declared by the Parliament, and until declared shall be those of the Commons House of Parliament of the United Kingdom, and of its

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Most legislation is introduced into the House of Representatives and goes through a number of stages before it becomes law. The legislative process occurs in English, although other Australian parliaments have permitted use of Indigenous languages with English translation. Government bills are

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the state Parliament happens to be in recess when the vacancy occurs, the Constitution provides that the state governor can appoint someone to fill the place until fourteen days after the state Parliament resumes sitting. The state Parliament can also be recalled to ratify a replacement.

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The Senate has included representatives from a range of political parties, including several parties that have seldom or never had representation in the House of Representatives, but which have consistently secured a small but significant level of electoral support, as the table shows.

2828:. The governor-general appoints as prime minister the leader of the party that has a majority of seats in the House of Representatives; the governor-general then, on the advice of the prime minister, appoints the other ministers, chosen from the majority party or coalition of parties. 2749:

Parliamentary committees can be given a wide range of powers. One of the most significant powers is the ability to summon people to attend hearings in order to give evidence and submit documents. Anyone who attempts to hinder the work of a Parliamentary committee may be found to be in

1947:, the Commonwealth's chief architect, worked on the design as part of his official duties. He had little personal enthusiasm for the project, as he felt it was a waste of money and expenditure on it could not be justified at the time. Nevertheless, he designed the building by default. 2839:, which is Australia's highest formal governmental body. In practice, the Federal Executive Council meets solely to endorse and give legal force to decisions already made by the Cabinet. All members of the Cabinet are members of the executive council. The governor-general is bound by 1761:

and as a result, the chamber features a multitude of parties vying for power. The governing party or coalition has not held a majority in the Senate since 1981 (except between 2005 and 2007) and usually needs to negotiate with other parties and independents to get legislation passed.

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early. The Senate has fixed terms, with half of the state senators' terms expiring every three years (the terms of the four territory senators are linked to House elections). As a result, House and Senate elections almost always coincide. A deadlock-breaking mechanism known as a

2349:, the party or coalition of parties that has the majority in this House forms the government with the leader of that party or coalition becoming the prime minister. If the government loses the confidence of the House, they are expected to call a new election or resign. 1880:

became the first speaker and also the first (and thus far only) parliamentarian to die during a sitting. On 23 July 1909 during an acrimonious debate that had extended through the night to 5 am, Holder exclaimed: "Dreadful, dreadful!" before collapsing as a result of a

2765:. Every participant, including committee members and witnesses giving evidence, is protected from being prosecuted under any civil or criminal action for anything they may say during a hearing. Written evidence and documents received by a committee are also protected. 8419: 2250:. Only half of the state Senate seats go up for re-election each three years (except in the case of a double dissolution) as they serve six-year terms; however territory Senators do not have staggered terms and hence face re-election every three years. 8894: 8923: 2150:, and passed on 23 March 2020. One motion was designed to allow MPs to participate in parliament by electronic means, if agreed by the major parties and the speaker; the second determined that with the agreement of the two major parties, the 2959:

government's majority has sometimes limited that chamber's capacity to implement executive scrutiny, the opposition and minor parties have been able to use their Senate numbers as a basis for conducting inquiries into government operations.

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ordered that the size of the House be reduced from 127 to 124 members to comply with the nexus provision. In 1984, both the Senate and the House were enlarged; since then the House has had between 148 and 151 members (the Senate has 76).

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Only Australian citizens are eligible for election to either house. They must not also be a subject or citizen of a "foreign power". When the Constitution was drafted, all Australians (and other inhabitants of the British empire) were

2538:: the presiding officer puts the question, and, after listening to shouts of "Aye" and "No" from the members, announces the result. The announcement of the presiding officer settles the question, unless at least two members demand a " 10307: 2515:. Elections for these positions are by secret ballot. Both offices are conventionally filled by members of the governing party, but the presiding officers are expected to oversee debate and enforce the rules in an impartial manner. 2352:

Parliament may determine the number of members of the House of Representatives but the Constitution provides that this number must be "as nearly as practicable, twice the number of Senators"; this requirement is commonly called the

11646: 9301: 9089: 8582: 3231:. Doyle was declared elected, marking the first time in 103 years that a government won a by-election in a seat held by the opposition. This increased the balance of the government's power by one in the lower house from 77 to 78. 2086:. The façades, however, included deliberate imitation of some of the patterns of the Old Parliament House, so that there is a slight resemblance despite the massive difference of scale. The building was also designed to sit above 2955:, by giving equal representation to each state. The Constitution intended to give less populous states added voice in a federal legislature, while also providing for the revising role of an upper house in the Westminster system. 2527:" as a tactic to annoy the Government or delay proceedings, particularly when the Opposition feels it has been unfairly treated in the House. Proceedings are interrupted until a quorum is present. It is the responsibility of the 2921:

On a number of occasions when ministers have retired from their seats prior to an election, or stood but lost their own seats in the election, they have retained their ministerial offices until the next government is sworn in.

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in the Senate. Payne's bill was passed with little debate (the House of Representatives agreeing to it in less than an hour), and in neither house was a division required, hence no votes were recorded against the bill. The

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responsibility. Such grants, known as "tied grants" (since they are tied to a particular purpose), have been used to give the federal parliament influence over state policy matters such as public hospitals and schools.

13621: 13591: 9414: 3066:. A person who speaks or acts in a manner contemptuous of the Parliament or its members can be tried and, if convicted, imprisoned. The Parliament previously had the power to hear such cases itself, and did so in the 9202: 13616: 13606: 13596: 10000: 2365:

From 1901 to 1949, the House consisted of either 74 or 75 members (the Senate had 36). Between 1949 and 1984, it had between 121 and 127 members (the Senate had 60 until 1975, when it increased to 64). In 1977, the

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The blocking of supply alone cannot force a double dissolution. There must be legislation repeatedly blocked by the Senate which the government can then choose to use as a trigger for a double dissolution.

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support of the House of Representatives, the text of the Constitution also effectively allows the Senate to bring down the government once a year by blocking the annual appropriations bills, also known as

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was the first to be conducted under compulsory voting, which saw the turnout figure rise to 91.4%. The turnout increased to about 95% within a couple of elections and has stayed at about that level since.

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From the beginning of Federation until 1987, parliamentary privilege operated under section 49 of the Constitution, which established the privileges of both houses and their members to be the same as the

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governments, the Senate is not a vestigial body with limited legislative power. Rather it was intended to play – and does play – an active role in legislation. Rather than being modelled solely after the

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was introduced in order to reduce a high rate of informal voting but in 2016, group tickets were abolished to end the influence that preference deals amongst parties had on election results and a form of

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on a state-by-state basis became the method for electing senators. This change has been described as an "institutional revolution" that has led to the rise of a number of minor parties such as the

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grants the Commonwealth power over areas such as taxation, external affairs, defence and marriage. Section 51 also allows state parliaments to refer matters to the Commonwealth to legislate.

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The Constitution provided that a new national capital would be established for the nation. This was a compromise at Federation due to the rivalry between the two largest Australian cities,

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due to the convention that the prime minister be a member of the lower house. For 22 days (2 to 23 February inclusive) he was prime minister while a member of neither house of parliament.

1973:). The opening ceremonies were both splendid and incongruous, given the sparsely built nature of Canberra of the time and its small population. The building was extensively decorated with 3020:

Department of the House of Representatives, which provides various services to support the smooth operation of the House of Representatives, its committees and certain joint committees.

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used its numbers in the Senate to defer supply bills, refusing to deal with them until an election was called for both Houses of Parliament, an election which it hoped to win. The

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notice that a quorum is not present, so that debates on routine bills can continue while other members attend to other business outside the chamber. Sometimes the Opposition will "

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has the power to appoint and dismiss ministers who administer government departments. In practice, the governor-general chooses ministers in accordance with the traditions of the

10060: 7763: 2992:, while the opposition argued that any government who has been denied supply is obliged to either call new elections or resign. In response to the deadlock, the governor-general 11086: 8170: 2014: 11651: 10808: 7429: 10418: 2988:, contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. The prime minister argued that a government may continue in office for as long as it has the support of the 9970: 7419: 9014: 3154:

return to government for the first time in nine years, winning 77 seats in the 151-seat House of Representatives (an increase of 9 seats compared to the 2019 election), a

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Commonwealth legislative power is limited to that granted in the Constitution. Powers not specified are considered "residual powers", and remain the domain of the states.

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are also established to include both members of the House of Representatives and the Senate. Joint committees may be standing (ongoing) or select (temporary) in nature.

2780:, which are temporary committees, established in order to consider a particular matter. A select committee expires when it has published its final report on an inquiry. 2654:

In the event of conflict between the two houses over the final form of legislation, the Constitution provides for a simultaneous dissolution of both houses – known as a

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The Intentions of the Framers of the Australian Constitution Regarding Responsible Government and Accountability of the Commonerslth Executive to the Australian Senate

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for the election of each senator in each Australian state in a full Senate election is 7.69% of the vote, while in a normal half-Senate election the quota is 14.28%.

14228: 12607: 8073: 10777: 8510: 8411: 8863: 12812: 12289: 10768: 10340: 9875: 9799: 9732: 9267: 1677: 1381: 8945: 11029: 7414: 3094:, a government-owned channel set up specifically for this function. It operates 24 hours a day and broadcasts other news items when parliament is not sitting. 9685: 9111: 7866: 2683:

to consider the bill or bills, including any amendments which have been previously proposed in either house, or any new amendments. If a bill is passed by an

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Results represent the composition of the Senate after the elections. The full Senate has been contested on eight occasions; the inaugural election and seven

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any newly admitted states, or to territories. Since an act was passed in 1973, senators have been elected to represent the territories. Currently, the two

1774: 1311: 1246: 10022: 7990: 3169:, which had been in power since the 2013 election, lost 19 seats compared to the previous election to finish with 58 seats, and went into opposition. The 3034:

Parliamentary Budget Office (PBO), which "improves transparency around fiscal and budget policy issues" and provides costing services to parliamentarians.

13671: 2196:. However, by convention, the governor-general exercises these powers only upon the advice of ministers, except for limited circumstances covered by the 1403: 10118: 2001:". The Duke of York unlocked the front doors with a golden key, and led the official party into King's Hall where he unveiled the statue of his father, 15971: 14445: 13718: 13641: 12085: 12043: 11143: 10869: 10743: 10710: 10700: 8635: 3098: 2680: 2648: 2512: 1777:(also known as electoral divisions or seats). This tends to lead to the chamber being dominated by two major political groups, the centre‑right 1003: 982: 215: 14874: 14700: 14140: 14131: 13661: 13656: 13646: 13636: 13586: 12740: 12659: 12492: 12294: 10616: 10152: 3115:

The Parliament House official website provides free extensive daily proceedings of both chambers as well as committee hearings live on the Internet.

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have been situated in the Federal Parliament since 2015. It is the first time in Australian history that a parliament has possessed armed personnel.

9686:"Odgers' Australian Senate Practice Fourteenth Edition Chapter 1 – The Senate and its constitutional role – The Senate, bicameralism and federalism" 14900: 14277: 13651: 12161: 10876: 10748: 9940: 9168: 3112:, which broadcasts live sittings of the House of Representatives and the Senate, parliamentary committee meetings and political press conferences. 1376: 1139: 1129: 15490: 13611: 13571: 11689: 11628: 11623: 11618: 11613: 11608: 11603: 11598: 11593: 11588: 11583: 11578: 11573: 11568: 11563: 11558: 11553: 11548: 11543: 11538: 11533: 11528: 11523: 11518: 11513: 11508: 11503: 11498: 11493: 11488: 11483: 11478: 11473: 11468: 11463: 11458: 11453: 11448: 11443: 11438: 11433: 11428: 11423: 11418: 11413: 11408: 11110: 10829: 8445: 3192:

In the Senate, the Labor government retained 26 seats, the Liberal/National Coalition dropped to 32 seats, the Greens increased to 12 seats, the

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at the time of the Constitution's enactment. The Parliament was also given the power to amend its privileges. In 1987, the Parliament passed the

2082:, with a design which involved burying most of the building under Capital Hill, and capping the edifice with an enormous spire topped by a large 1166: 1156: 13748: 13743: 9770: 2398:

with the largest primary vote, due to vote splitting among the conservative parties. This system has remained in place ever since, allowing the

2105:. It was expected to cost $ 220 million. Neither the deadline nor the budget was met. In the end it cost more than $ 1.1 billion to build. 13566: 13556: 12018: 10974: 9142: 7965: 2709: 10514: 10466: 8552: 15495: 14221: 13561: 13533: 13418: 12878: 12329: 10052: 8204: 2323: 1148: 8837: 2059:, and the Parliament House Construction Authority was created. A two-stage competition was announced, for which the Authority consulted the 2026: 15760: 14400: 13528: 13518: 13513: 13508: 13503: 13493: 13488: 13483: 13478: 13473: 13458: 13438: 13408: 13403: 13398: 13393: 12873: 12720: 10898: 10715: 10705: 7404: 2840: 1035: 10431: 9331: 2452:

was introduced for federal elections in 1924. The immediate justification for compulsory voting was the low voter turnout (59.38%) at the

13543: 13383: 13378: 13368: 13348: 13338: 13323: 13293: 13288: 13283: 13278: 13273: 13268: 13263: 13258: 13253: 13248: 13243: 13238: 13233: 13228: 13223: 13218: 13213: 13208: 13203: 13198: 13193: 13188: 13183: 13178: 13173: 13168: 13163: 13158: 13153: 13148: 13143: 13138: 13133: 13128: 13123: 13118: 13113: 13108: 13103: 13098: 13093: 13088: 13083: 13078: 13073: 13068: 13063: 13058: 13053: 13048: 13043: 13038: 13033: 13028: 13023: 13018: 13013: 13008: 13003: 12998: 12993: 12988: 12983: 12978: 12973: 12968: 12963: 12958: 12953: 12948: 12943: 12868: 12858: 12848: 12705: 12602: 12561: 12556: 12525: 12304: 12211: 11656: 11091: 10964: 10934: 9232: 7424: 3067: 2693: 2659: 2616: 2551: 2222:, on which it was partly modelled, the Australian Senate includes an equal number of senators from each state, regardless of population. 1821: 1670: 1361: 9828: 3043:

Members of the Australian Parliament do not have legal immunity: they can be arrested and tried for any offence. They do, however, have

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can be used to dissolve the full Senate as well as the House if the Senate refuses to pass a piece of legislation passed by the House.

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Messenger, Robert (4 May 2002). ""'Mythical thing' to an iced reality" in "Old Parliament House: 75 Years of History", supplement".

2906:, then a senator, as its new leader, and he was sworn in as prime minister on 10 January 1968 (following an interim ministry led by 2740:

The ability of the houses of Parliament to establish committees is referenced in section 49 of the Constitution, which states that,

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into, evidence is taken and public servants are questioned. There are also joint committees, composed of members from both houses.

2299: 2192:(except the power to appoint the governor-general), whom the King appoints as his representative in Australia on the advice of the 2060: 1425: 1421: 1410: 2872:, to be appointed on 1 January 1901, even though the first federal elections were not scheduled to be held until 29 and 30 March. 2310:

who have taken advantage of this system to achieve parliamentary representation and the balance of power. From the 1984 election,

2142:. Its committees would continue to operate using technology. This unprecedented move was accompanied by two motions raised by the 16030: 14715: 14450: 14182: 14098: 11934: 11034: 2064: 1251: 10023:"Odgers' Australian Senate Practice Fourteenth Edition Chapter 2 – Parliamentary privilege: immunities and powers of the Senate" 15537: 15347: 15155: 15069: 14787: 14089: 13711: 12674: 12222: 12095: 12053: 10841: 10724: 9112:"Odgers' Australian Senate Practice Fourteenth Edition Chapter 1 – The Senate and its constitutional role – Legislative Powers" 8804: 5590: 3052: 1981:

and bunting. Temporary stands were erected bordering the lawns in front of the Parliament and these were filled with crowds. A

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Proceedings of committees are considered to have the same legal standing as proceedings of Parliament, they are recorded by

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Papers on Parliament No. 34 Representation and Institutional Change: 50 Years of Proportional Representation in the Senate

10205:"A database of elections, governments, parties and representation for Australian state and federal parliaments since 1890" 9462: 8535:

Papers on Parliament No. 34 Representation and Institutional Change: 50 Years of Proportional Representation in the Senate

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Papers on Parliament No. 34 Representation and Institutional Change: 50 Years of Proportional Representation in the Senate

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Department of the Senate, which consists of seven Offices and whose work is determined by the Senate and its committees.

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Until 1949, each state elected the constitutional minimum of six senators. This number increased to ten from the

1549: 1534: 1264: 1046: 1014: 662: 11102: 7991:"Odgers' Australian Senate Practice Fourteenth Edition Chapter 21 – Relations with the House of Representatives" 2573:. Once a bill has been passed by both Houses in the same form, it is then presented to the governor-general for 1989:, was one of only two Aboriginal Australians present, having walked for about a week from Brungle Station (near 717: 16020: 15740: 15639: 15359: 15337: 15243: 15049: 15009: 14978: 14935: 14841: 14836: 14352: 14297: 14257: 14047: 13884: 12279: 12167: 12090: 12048: 11751: 11675: 11065: 10846: 10695: 10212: 9608: 9550: 8054: 5506: 5446: 5374: 5076: 5028: 3197: 2792:, which examine legislation and regulations to determine their impact on individual rights and accountability. 2597: 2135: 2087: 1951: 1925: 1492: 1394: 1356: 1279: 530: 15890: 15807: 15683: 15532: 15525: 15396: 15342: 15145: 15125: 14945: 14630: 14337: 14038: 13987: 13927: 13823: 13696: 12644: 12571: 12284: 12137: 12115: 12105: 12073: 12063: 12023: 12008: 11988: 11822: 11812: 11719: 10644: 10442:, A detailed reference work on all aspects of the House of Representatives' powers, procedures and practices. 10244:

Acts of Parliament: A narrative history of the Senate and House of Representatives, Commonwealth of Australia

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senators represent the residents of the Northern Territory as well as the Australian external territories of

2189: 2171: 2143: 2078:-based architectural firm of Mitchell/Giurgola, with the on-site work directed by the Italian-born architect 1719: 1569: 1544: 1507: 1502: 1337: 1241: 908: 834: 550: 175: 3023:

Department of Parliamentary Services (DPS), which performs diverse support functions, such as research; the

15875: 15669: 15406: 15369: 15248: 15238: 15110: 14635: 14347: 12264: 12197: 12187: 10970: 10913: 10908: 10903: 9659: 9294:"House of Representatives Practice, 6th Ed – Chapter 13 – Disagreements between the Houses – JOINT SITTING" 7957: 5385: 4592: 4540: 3209: 3182: 3124: 2895: 2705: 2345:, is made up of single member electorates with a population of roughly equal size. As is convention in the 2316: 2239: 2131: 1833: 1351: 608: 451: 407: 66: 31: 8887:"Armed guards now stationed to protect Australian MPs and senators in both chambers of Federal Parliament" 8759: 2418:

It is not possible to be simultaneously a member of both the Senate and the House of Representatives, but

15644: 15602: 15597: 15544: 15291: 15258: 15186: 14744: 14655: 14590: 14390: 14322: 14317: 14282: 13996: 12761: 12240: 11734: 11724: 11060: 10944: 10753: 7594: 7483: 5578: 3273: 3163: 3059:, which clarified the meaning and extent of privilege as well as how the Parliament deals with breaches. 2981: 2627: 2362:

generally matched by population size or if seven years have passed since the most recent redistribution.

2295: 2193: 2157: 1869: 1786: 1649: 865: 629: 506: 369: 237: 9082:"House of Representatives Practice, 6th Ed – Chapter 10 – Legislation – BILLS—THE PARLIAMENTARY PROCESS" 15710: 15614: 15468: 15423: 15327: 14620: 14435: 14405: 14272: 12822: 12236: 11070: 8774: 7655: 7570: 7466: 5574: 5562: 3268: 3159: 3143:

The current Parliament is the 47th Australian Parliament. The most recent federal election was held on

3086:

Radio broadcasts of parliamentary proceedings began on 10 July 1946. They were originally broadcast on

2601: 2379: 2374:

First-past-the-post voting was used to elect members of the House of Representatives until in 1918 the

2266: 2108: 2046: 1897: 1817: 1782: 1579: 1433: 1121: 1077: 703: 498: 357: 270: 58: 15830: 15787: 15735: 15634: 15480: 15448: 15364: 15354: 15322: 15002: 14925: 14610: 14510: 14490: 14385: 14332: 12756: 12501: 11993: 11792: 9388: 9253: 9068: 8743: 8688: 8305: 8046: 4831: 4773: 3710: 3390: 2884: 2643: 2507:

Each of the two Houses elects a presiding officer. The presiding officer of the Senate is called the

2492: 2273: 2269: 1865: 1801: 1711: 1539: 799: 44: 9932: 9036: 2806: 2420:

a number of people have been members of both houses at different times in their parliamentary career

2410:, the first time in federal history that Labor had obtained a net benefit from preferential voting. 15745: 15730: 15577: 15413: 15374: 15201: 14723: 14550: 14530: 13874: 12700: 12684: 11939: 11024: 11013: 10505: 10447: 8920:"House of Representatives Practice, 7th Ed – Chapter 6 – The Speaker, Deputy Speakers and officers" 8533: 8412:"A virtual Australian parliament is possible – and may be needed – during the coronavirus pandemic" 7587: 5854: 5833: 5558: 4976: 4927: 4879: 4144: 3186: 2977: 2911: 2609: 2539: 2477: 2292: 1758: 1629: 1448: 1256: 625: 15895: 15770: 15750: 15725: 15705: 15458: 15253: 15130: 15059: 14580: 12664: 12592: 12424: 11780: 7898:

Blackshield and Williams Australian constitutional law and theory : commentary and materials

7512: 3044: 2762: 2585: 2531:

to ensure that, when a quorum is called, enough government members are present to form a quorum.

2437: 2367: 2262: 2235: 1850: 1794: 1584: 1564: 1559: 1069: 8830: 1738:

in which the party with a majority in the lower house is entitled to form a government) and the

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The Parliament performs other functions besides legislation. It can discuss urgency motions or

2570: 2528: 2391: 2285: 2102: 1873: 1790: 1634: 1614: 1589: 1574: 1529: 1192: 1059: 1027: 563: 485: 478: 439: 337: 325: 248: 226: 204: 10554: 8441: 8226:

Blenkin, Max (1 January 2009). "Parliament forced to build new Parliament House in Canberra".

2176:

The Constitution establishes the Commonwealth Parliament, consisting of three components: the

1856:

took place on 29 and 30 March and the first Australian Parliament was opened on 9 May 1901 in

731: 15865: 15797: 15695: 15649: 15512: 15418: 15305: 15191: 14960: 14739: 14690: 14600: 14565: 14555: 14540: 14515: 14485: 14420: 14375: 14312: 12566: 12439: 12274: 12248: 12232: 11998: 11714: 11698: 11019: 10949: 10639: 9836: 9169:"Brief Guides to Senate Procedure – No. 9 – Matters of public importance and urgency motions" 7590: 5586: 5570: 5566: 5501: 5441: 5354: 3295: 3193: 3166: 2402:

parties to safely contest the same seats. Full-preference preferential voting re-elected the

2399: 2395: 2383: 2161:

New Parliament House, opened in 1988, was built into Capital Hill behind Old Parliament House

1778: 1770: 1715: 1102: 855: 818: 775: 604: 538: 491: 468: 345: 312: 157: 10426:, A detailed reference work on all aspects of the Senate's powers, procedures and practices. 10357: 10144: 9495: 7925:"House of Representatives Practice, 6th Ed – Chapter 3 – Elections and the electoral system" 7867:"Odgers' Australian Senate Practice Fourteenth Edition Chapter 4 – Elections for the Senate" 294: 15929: 15900: 15822: 15659: 15629: 15565: 15520: 15233: 15228: 15196: 15181: 15037: 14955: 14615: 14605: 14595: 14585: 14525: 14440: 14410: 14287: 12551: 12399: 12384: 12374: 12013: 11729: 10268: 10148: 7651: 3285: 2952: 2832: 2303: 2243: 2219: 1882: 1301: 949: 918: 10589: 9323: 8808: 2489:

Since 1973, citizens have had the right to vote upon turning 18. Prior to this it was 21.

2119:

1988, the anniversary of the opening of both the first Federal Parliament in Melbourne on

8: 15850: 15792: 15624: 15587: 15317: 14950: 14940: 14930: 14920: 14685: 14675: 14535: 14480: 14302: 14292: 14267: 12379: 10584: 10262: 10174: 9224: 8664: 7697: 5778: 5698: 5623: 5546: 5290: 3155: 3075: 2915: 1876:(which sat, instead, in the Royal Exhibition Building until 1927). During this time, Sir 1813: 1438: 53: 8200: 2891:

on 19 December, despite their terms in the Senate not beginning until 22 February 1950.

15952: 15910: 15885: 15870: 15860: 15855: 15845: 15812: 15715: 15619: 15223: 15218: 14983: 14905: 14560: 14505: 12771: 12449: 12364: 12314: 11802: 11007: 8124: 5369: 5349: 5275: 5172: 5124: 3249: 2939: 2853: 2825: 2673: 2655: 2442: 2358: 2346: 2227: 1944: 1806: 1735: 1707: 1112: 1107: 9598: 9540: 1769:, the House of Representatives, currently consists of 151 members, each elected using 706:

at least every seven years in each state and territory by the Redistribution Committee

15840: 15582: 14475: 13781: 12853: 12597: 12535: 12259: 11768: 11746: 10954: 10651: 10579: 10490: 10456: 10400: 10366: 10330: 10297: 10272: 10247: 10098: 9865: 9807: 9778: 9722: 9630: 9622: 9612: 9572: 9564: 9554: 9504: 8719:"The Origin of Senate Group Ticket Voting, and it didn't come from the Major Parties" 8542: 8500: 8387: 8362: 8337: 8255: 8102: 8025: 7901: 7845: 7835: 7497: 5554: 3290: 3220: 3174: 2684: 2679:

If the conflict continues after such an election, the governor-general may convene a

2449: 2307: 2277: 2215: 2209: 2177: 2083: 2052: 1998: 1723: 1639: 1624: 963: 911: 688: 655: 616: 581: 522: 460: 395: 98: 9268:"FlagPost – (Almost) everything you need to know about double dissolution elections" 15957: 15391: 14625: 12459: 12409: 12389: 10282: 9655: 8604: 8331: 7647: 5773: 5693: 5618: 5534: 4980: 2948: 2612:

for acts of Parliament since 1990 is simply "The Parliament of Australia enacts:".

2465: 2231: 2147: 2079: 1957: 1877: 1800:

The House of Representatives has a maximum term of three years, although it can be

1607: 1269: 1179: 873: 619: 598: 244: 14206: 9993:"House of Representatives Practice, 6th Ed – Chapter 19 – Parliamentary privilege" 2446:, Britain has been a "foreign power", so that British citizens are also excluded. 2005:. The Duke then opened the first parliamentary session in the new Senate Chamber. 1907: 1892: 14813: 14575: 12324: 12254: 11132: 10438: 10422: 8791: 8671: 8249: 8077: 7537: 5436: 3178: 2427: 1978: 1619: 1159: 1092: 1080: 427: 423: 10083:"Parliamentary Library: Australian Political Records (Research Note 42 1997–98)" 9800:"Relations with the House of Representatives: Simultaneous dissolutions of 1975" 3219:

announced that he would retire from Parliament and resign as the member for the

2672:

for smaller parties to win seats under the single transferable vote system: the

15835: 12454: 9361:"Odgers' Australian Senate Practice Fourteenth Edition Chapter 16 – Committees" 7610: 3109: 3087: 3013:

There are four parliamentary departments supporting the Australian Parliament:

2997: 2964: 2944: 2813: 2562: 2247: 2151: 1986: 1132: 890: 14757: 13726: 10569: 7849: 2714: 16004: 15986: 15973: 14808: 14803: 14520: 14367: 12679: 12414: 12359: 12334: 10939: 9626: 9568: 7622: 7614: 7552: 7542: 7532: 2993: 2985: 2869: 2849: 2631: 2593: 2566: 2558: 2496: 2469: 2461: 2197: 2094: 1965:

The building was opened on 9 May 1927 by the Duke and Duchess of York (later

1731: 1097: 1087: 542: 12470: 11391: 10666: 10487:

From Secret Ballot to Democracy Sausage: How Australia Got Compulsory Voting

9829:"Statement from John Kerr (dated 11 November 1975) explaining his decisions" 9634: 9576: 2761:, except for private proceedings, and also operate under the protections of 2430:, so the word "foreign" meant outside the Empire. But, in the landmark case 789: 39: 14238: 12369: 12349: 12319: 10959: 10239: 8684: 8332:

Lovell, David W; Ian MacAllister; William Maley; Chandran Kukathas (1998).

8171:"Power of occasion best expressed by the names of those who were not there" 7618: 7606: 7527: 7517: 3205: 3170: 2574: 2543: 2354: 2112: 2075: 1994: 1038: 513: 381: 266: 86: 14852: 10594: 8336:. South Melbourne: Addison Wesley Longman Australia Pty Ltd. p. 737. 15905: 15765: 14660: 14241: 12404: 12354: 8914: 8912: 8094: 7502: 2989: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2524: 2139: 1849:

The Commonwealth of Australia came into being on 1 January 1901 with the

1766: 1746: 1739: 1703: 1006: 954: 826: 554: 222: 164: 11667: 14500: 14249: 12429: 8228: 7952: 7950: 7547: 7507: 5557:

majority. Prior to 1909 a three-party system existed in the chamber. A

3228: 3216: 3071: 2535: 2432: 2188:

All of the constitutional functions of the King are exercisable by the

2067:, made available to competitors a brief and competition documents. The 1974: 1911:

Victorian Parliament House, where the Federal Parliament met until 1927

1413: 1017: 985: 842: 411: 182: 8909: 3031:

transcripts; computing services; and general maintenance and security.

2561:, where the legislation is introduced to the chamber, then there is a 2093:

Construction began in 1981, and the House was intended to be ready by

1868:. After the official opening, from 1901 to 1927 the Parliament met in 15025: 14994: 13738: 11706: 10326:

Platypus and Parliament: The Australian Senate in Theory and Practice

9861:

Platypus and Parliament: The Australian Senate in Theory and Practice

9718:

Platypus and Parliament: The Australian Senate in Theory and Practice

7750: 7748: 7626: 2403: 1982: 1966: 1935: 1857: 1554: 974: 200: 10580:

The Australian Constitution from the Federal Register of Legislation

10293:

A bunyip democracy: the Parliament and Australian political identity

7947: 2468:-led Labor opposition. The actual initiative for change was made by 1901:, opening of the Parliament of Australia, 9 May 1901, by Tom Roberts 12434: 8946:"About Parliament, House of Representatives Practice : Quorum" 8860:"Australia's major electoral developments Timeline: 1900 – Present" 2910:). On 1 February, Gorton resigned from the Senate to stand for the 2589: 2261:. The system for electing senators has changed several times since 2002: 1939: 1861: 1829: 808: 62: 9656:"John Gorton Prime Minister from 10 January 1968 to 10 March 1971" 7745: 2930: 14695: 8081: 7861: 7859: 7817: 3028: 2758: 2745:

members and committees, at the establishment of the Commonwealth.

1742:(equal representation of each state in a powerful upper house). 10394: 8281:

Tony Stephens, "Like his work, he'll blend into the landscape",

11087:

List of members of the Australian Parliament who died in office

10204: 8442:"Senate (Representation of Territories) Act 1973. No. 39, 1974" 7985: 7983: 7919: 7917: 7900:(6th ed.). Annandale, NSW: Federation Press. p. 415. 7522: 3105: 2519: 1931: 10397:

Minority Policy: Rethinking Governance when Parliament Matters

10121:. Whitlam Institute, Western Sydney University. Archived from 9439:. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. Archived from 7856: 7806: 7804: 7802: 7430:

List of longest-serving members of the Parliament of Australia

2844:

Federal Executive Council is the Australian equivalent of the

10570:

Australian House of Representatives YouTube official channel

9143:"Specific purpose payments and the Australian federal system" 9007:"Raised Voices: Parliamentary Debate in Indigenous Languages" 7420:

Members of the Australian House of Representatives, 2022-2025

5843: 3139:

Members of the Australian House of Representatives, 2022–2025

1990: 1943:

postponed indefinitely on 24 November 1916. In the meantime,

9384: 9382: 7980: 7914: 2020:

The House of Representatives chamber at Old Parliament House

12521:

Chapter I of the Constitution of Australia: The Legislature

8386:. South Melbourne: Curry O'Neil Ross Pty Ltd. p. 146. 8361:. South Melbourne: Curry O'Neil Ross Pty Ltd. p. 100. 7799: 2464:-led Nationalist/Country party coalition government or the 1938:, which both wished to become the new capital. The site of 16:

Legislative body of Australia’s federal level of government

13727:

Parliaments of Australia – Federal, states and territories

12557:

Chapter II of the Constitution of Australia: The Executive

10445: 9401: 9399: 9397: 8531: 8492: 2951:

was, the Australian Senate was in part modelled after the

2692:

following the 1974 double dissolution. However, there are

2460:. Compulsory voting was not on the platform of either the 2272:, on a state-by-state basis. This was replaced in 1919 by 1844: 10574: 10264:

The Annotated Constitution of the Australian Commonwealth

10260: 9379: 7958:"A Short History of Federal Election Reform in Australia" 3097:

The first televised parliamentary event was the historic

2242:

senators represent the Australian Capital Territory, the

2154:

could be amended without requiring an absolute majority.

2123:

1901 and the Provisional Parliament House in Canberra on

1464: 9455: 8786:

Section 44(i) extends beyond actual citizenship, but in

5522:

Single transferable vote (Optional preferential voting)

5455:

Single transferable vote (Optional preferential voting)

2914:

in Holt's former House of Representatives electorate of

9463:"Democracy in Australia – Australia's political system" 9394: 8579:"Senate voting changes explained in AEC advertisements" 7896:

Williams, George; Brennan, Sean; Lynch, Andrew (2014).

7787:"The process of federal redistributions: a quick guide" 9899:"An Early Double Dissolution? Don't Hold Your Breath!" 8665:

Attorney-General (NSW); Ex Rel McKellar v Commonwealth

8636:"Electoral Redistributions during the 45th Parliament" 8201:"Museum of Australian Democracy: The Building: Events" 7415:

List of official openings by Elizabeth II in Australia

2284:

had 35 of the 36 senators, and from 1947 to 1950, the

2040: 1749:, the Senate, consists of 76 members: twelve for each 12777:

Australian Constitution (Public Record Copy) Act 1990

9806:(14th ed.). Canberra: Department of the Senate. 9777:(14th ed.). Canberra: Department of the Senate. 9503:. Department of the Senate (Australia). p. 113. 8093: 7637:

The western annexe was later demolished in the 1960s.

5561:(2PP) has been calculated since the 1919 change from 2718:

A Senate committee room in Parliament House, Canberra

2103:

200th anniversary of European settlement in Australia

12598:

Chapter III of the constitution of Australia: Courts

9195:"House of Representatives – Infosheet 1 – Questions" 8976:"Senate Brief – No. 6 – The President of the Senate" 8836:. Australian Electoral Commission. 16 January 2006. 8805:"'The case for compulsory voting'; by Chris Puplick" 7895: 5541:

since the two non-Labor parties merged in 1909. The

3227:, contested by Liberal Roshena Campbell and Labor's 2732:

A short video on Australian Parliamentary Committees

2214:

The upper house of the Australian Parliament is the

2165: 1797:

of this House in order to gain and remain in power.

750: 14236: 12813:

2017–18 Australian parliamentary eligibility crisis

9005:Goodwin, Timothy; Murphy, Julian R. (15 May 2019). 5573:. ALP = Australian Labor Party, L+NP = grouping of 2801: 1919: 1860:by Prince George, Duke of Cornwall and York, later 10744:Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives 10503: 8693:Antony Green Election Guide: Federal Election 2004 3173:grew to its largest ever size, with 16 members; 4 2972:The ability to block supply was the origin of the 2649:Joint Sitting of the Australian Parliament of 1974 2518:The Constitution authorises Parliament to set the 2341:The lower house of the Australian Parliament, the 7832:Australian Constitutional Law: Concepts and Cases 2898:and presumed death of the Liberal prime minister 584:: 6 years (fixed except under double dissolution) 16002: 10395:Prosser, Brenton & Denniss, Richard (2015). 9141:Bennett, Scott; Webb, Richard (1 January 2008). 3254: 3252:. These are underlined and highlighted in puce. 3090:. Since August 1994 they have been broadcast on 2831:These ministers then meet in a council known as 2280:majorities. For instance, from 1920 to 1923 the 10085:. Archived from the original on 3 February 1999 5299:Single transferable vote (Group voting ticket) 5227:Single transferable vote (Group voting ticket) 5180:Single transferable vote (Group voting ticket) 5132:Single transferable vote (Group voting ticket) 5084:Single transferable vote (Group voting ticket) 5036:Single transferable vote (Group voting ticket) 4988:Single transferable vote (Group voting ticket) 4936:Single transferable vote (Group voting ticket) 4887:Single transferable vote (Group voting ticket) 4839:Single transferable vote (Group voting ticket) 2322:Section 15 of the Constitution provides that a 2180:, the Senate and the House of Representatives. 10585:Australian Parliament – live broadcasting 10399:. Melbourne: Melbourne University Publishing. 9355: 9353: 9351: 9349: 8243: 8241: 8239: 7834:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 16–25. 3147:and the 47th Parliament first sat on 26 July. 2710:Australian House of Representatives committees 2638: 2511:; that of the House of Representatives is the 2440:ruled that, at least since the passage of the 1812:The two houses of Parliament meet in separate 15010: 14868: 14222: 13712: 12500: 12486: 11683: 11118: 10610: 9004: 8807:. Mind-trek.com. 30 June 1997. Archived from 8689:"History of Preferential Voting in Australia" 8251:Contemporary Trends in Landscape Architecture 7889: 5528: 2996:dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed 2257:, and was increased again to twelve from the 1961:Old Parliament House as viewed from the front 1793:. The government of the day must achieve the 1671: 1149:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 14778:Yugoslavia (1931–1939, 1945–1963, 1974–1992) 10899:Chronology of Australian federal parliaments 8605:"Northern Territory Representation Act 1922" 8024:. University of Queensland Press, Brisbane. 7405:Chronology of Australian federal parliaments 5589:Coalition parties (and predecessors), Oth = 3008: 2902:in December 1967. The Liberal Party elected 2816:with members of the Second Turnbull Ministry 2378:government, a predecessor of the modern-day 14882: 12603:Section 75 of the Constitution of Australia 12562:Section 61 of the Constitution of Australia 12526:Section 51 of the Constitution of Australia 11657:Members of multiple Australian legislatures 11092:Members of multiple Australian legislatures 10965:List of acts of the Parliament of Australia 10624: 10432:House of Representatives Practice (6th Ed.) 10296:. Department of the Parliamentary Library. 9346: 9140: 8674:HCA 1; (1977) 139 CLR 527 (1 February 1977) 8254:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 160–166. 8236: 7489: 7425:Members of the Australian Senate, 2022-2025 3135:Members of the Australian Senate, 2022–2025 2382:, changed the lower house voting system to 2330: 15017: 15003: 14875: 14861: 14229: 14215: 13719: 13705: 13602:(xviii) Copyrights, patents and trademarks 12670:Implied freedom of political communication 12493: 12479: 11690: 11676: 11125: 11111: 10617: 10603: 10446:Sawer, Marian & Miskin, Sarah (1999). 10053:"Activist contempt over April Fools stunt" 9607:. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, 9549:. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, 8823: 8532:Sawer, Marian & Miskin, Sarah (1999). 8493:Sawer, Marian & Miskin, Sarah (1999). 8097:; Balderstone, Simon; Bowan, John (2006). 8047:"Sir Frederick William Holder (1850–1909)" 3234: 2055:decided to proceed with a new building on 2032:The Senate chamber at Old Parliament House 1851:federation of the six Australian colonies. 1678: 1664: 730: 716: 52: 38: 11697: 10261:Quick, John & Garran, Robert (1901). 9864:. Department of the Senate. p. 300. 9721:. Department of the Senate. p. 352. 8470:. Australian Electoral Commission. 2016. 8298: 8121: 3150:The outcome of the 2022 election saw the 2476:Senator who on 16 July 1924 introduced a 2218:, which consists of 76 members. Like the 1753:, and two for each of the self-governing 12767:Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1942 10365:. Department of the Senate (Australia). 10137: 9771:"The Senate and its constitutional role" 9599:"Spooner, Sir William Henry (1897–1966)" 9429: 8852: 8576: 8301:"Parliament House to mark 20th birthday" 7721:"The First Commonwealth Parliament 1901" 5599: 2929: 2805: 2721: 2713: 2642: 2584: 2156: 2061:Royal Australian Institute of Architects 1956: 1906: 1891: 10246:. Carlton: Melbourne University Press. 8884: 8721:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 8695:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 8581:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 8292: 8225: 8140:"Australia's Prime Ministers: Timeline" 8044: 6190: 5986: 5918: 3068:Browne–Fitzpatrick privilege case, 1955 2065:National Capital Development Commission 1845:Temporary home in Melbourne (1901–1927) 1404:Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 768:This article is part of a series on the 216:Speaker of the House of Representatives 16003: 15024: 13567:(v) Post and telegraph (communication) 10382:from the original on 10 September 2016 10289: 10238: 9520:from the original on 10 September 2016 9265: 8633: 8448:from the original on 16 September 2010 8406: 8400: 8381: 8356: 8247: 8219: 8168: 7784: 3053:House of Commons of the United Kingdom 2868:enable the inaugural ministry, led by 14998: 14856: 14788:Ottoman Empire (1876–1878, 1908–1920) 14210: 13700: 12828:Separatist movements within Australia 12675:Implied immunity of instrumentalities 12474: 11671: 11106: 10598: 10575:The Parliament of Australia's website 10484: 10355: 10343:from the original on 20 December 2016 10155:from the original on 31 December 2012 10063:from the original on 30 December 2012 9896: 9878:from the original on 20 December 2016 9797: 9768: 9735:from the original on 20 December 2016 9596: 9493: 9334:from the original on 22 February 2017 9247: 9225:"Parliament of Australia – Petitions" 9122:from the original on 13 November 2017 9017:from the original on 2 September 2021 8897:from the original on 12 February 2015 8840:from the original on 17 February 2011 8683: 8577:Anderson, Stephanie (26 April 2016). 8019: 7766:from the original on 17 December 2023 5787: 5762: 5707: 5682: 5632: 5607: 3314: 3304: 3257: 3118: 2974:1975 Australian constitutional crisis 2925: 2534:Both Houses may determine motions by 1714:. It consists of three elements: the 12879:VIII: Alteration of the Constitution 12818:List of proposed states of Australia 10322: 10003:from the original on 17 October 2016 9857: 9820: 9714: 9538: 9437:"Federal Executive Council Handbook" 9417:from the original on 17 October 2016 9304:from the original on 24 October 2015 9270:. Australian Parliamentary Library. 8646:from the original on 17 October 2016 8181:from the original on 26 January 2010 7829: 7733:from the original on 2 December 2023 7693: 7691: 7689: 7584:Liberal National Party of Queensland 7567:Liberal National Party of Queensland 7480:Liberal National Party of Queensland 7463:Liberal National Party of Queensland 7450:Liberal National Party of Queensland 5799: 5719: 5644: 2071:drew 329 entries from 29 countries. 1789:parties) and the centre‑left 13662:(xxxv) Conciliation and arbitration 12793:Constitutional history of Australia 10513:. University of Technology Sydney. 10504:Viglianti-Northway, Karena (2020). 10472:from the original on 3 October 2020 8862:. Australian Electoral Commission. 8699:from the original on 7 October 2004 8570: 8558:from the original on 3 October 2020 8513:from the original on 3 January 2017 5569:and subsequent introduction of the 5539:Australian House of Representatives 2862:Privy Council of the United Kingdom 2337:Australian House of Representatives 2041:New Parliament House (1988–present) 13: 11982:State and Territory Shadow Cabinet 10590:Parliament of Australia Committees 10416:Odgers' Australian Senate Practice 10231: 10185:from the original on 15 March 2015 10145:"Rudd hails new A-Span TV network" 10033:from the original on 21 April 2017 9973:from the original on 14 March 2020 9943:from the original on 31 March 2020 9913:from the original on 19 April 2017 9804:Odgers' Australian Senate Practice 9775:Odgers' Australian Senate Practice 9696:from the original on 21 April 2017 9604:Australian Dictionary of Biography 9546:Australian Dictionary of Biography 9235:from the original on 21 April 2017 9205:from the original on 21 April 2017 9175:from the original on 21 April 2017 9092:from the original on 23 April 2017 8986:from the original on 27 April 2022 8956:from the original on 28 April 2022 8926:from the original on 28 April 2022 8885:Massola, James (9 February 2015). 8866:from the original on 19 March 2022 8725:from the original on 10 March 2016 8634:Barber, Stephen (25 August 2016). 8615:from the original on 1 August 2014 8422:from the original on 25 March 2020 8203:. Museum of Australian Democracy. 8051:Australian Dictionary of Biography 8001:from the original on 16 March 2022 7935:from the original on 27 March 2022 7452:sitting in the Liberal party room. 3025:Parliamentary Library of Australia 2894:The provision was also used after 2265:. The original arrangement used a 788: 25:The Parliament of the Commonwealth 14: 16047: 13557:(i) Interstate trade and commerce 10534: 10520:from the original on 3 March 2021 10310:from the original on 19 June 2021 10215:from the original on 27 June 2008 9666:from the original on 7 March 2016 9274:from the original on 15 June 2016 9149:from the original on 18 July 2012 8474:from the original on 15 June 2016 8299:Dunkerley, Susanna (8 May 2008). 8207:from the original on 4 March 2022 8169:Wright, Tony (13 February 2008). 7968:from the original on 4 March 2022 7795:. Research Paper Series, 2022–23. 7686: 2696:when the two houses meet as one. 2662:of the Constitution states that, 2276:. Block voting tended to produce 2166:Composition and electoral systems 1757:. Senators are elected using the 16036:1901 establishments in Australia 14832:National unicameral legislatures 14446:Democratic Republic of the Congo 14166: 14124: 14073: 14022: 13971: 13920: 13867: 13816: 13765: 11390: 10665: 9826: 9475:from the original on 14 May 2013 9050:from the original on 5 June 2020 8831:"Compulsory Voting in Australia" 8150:from the original on 5 June 2020 7785:Muller, Damon (25 August 2022). 7400:2022 Australian federal election 5602:House of Representatives results 3225:by-election held on 1 April 2023 3131:2022 Australian federal election 3062:There is a legal offence called 3027:; broadcasting on radio and TV; 2802:Relationship with the Government 2113:Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia 2025: 2013: 1971:Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother 1920:Old Parliament House (1927–1988) 1730:. It combines elements from the 1601: 1457:Australia and the United Nations 953: 948: 725:House of Representatives Chamber 450: 293: 120:Established: 1 January 1901 14819:List of legislatures by country 13607:(xix) Naturalization and aliens 10209:University of Western Australia 10197: 10167: 10111: 10075: 10045: 10015: 9985: 9955: 9925: 9890: 9851: 9791: 9762: 9747: 9708: 9678: 9648: 9590: 9532: 9487: 9316: 9286: 9259: 9217: 9187: 9161: 9134: 9104: 9074: 9062: 9029: 8998: 8968: 8938: 8878: 8797: 8780: 8764: 8756:Commonwealth Electoral Act 1988 8749: 8737: 8711: 8677: 8658: 8627: 8597: 8585:from the original on 6 May 2016 8525: 8486: 8460: 8434: 8375: 8350: 8334:The Australian Political System 8325: 8275: 8193: 8162: 8132: 8115: 8087: 8061: 8038: 8013: 7962:Australian Electoral Commission 7877:from the original on 9 May 2019 7823: 7778: 7726:Australian Electoral Commission 7669: 7640: 7631: 7410:List of legislatures by country 5553:concurrently winning the first 3081: 2858:King's Privy Council for Canada 2790:Legislative scrutiny committees 2552:Office of Parliamentary Counsel 2074:The competition winner was the 1887: 16031:Westminster system parliaments 14901:Federated States of Micronesia 14745:Confederate States (1862–1865) 13657:(xxxi) Acquisition of property 10769:Manager of Opposition Business 10716:Manager of Opposition Business 10706:Manager of Government Business 9609:Australian National University 9551:Australian National University 9044:Parliamentary Education Office 8144:National Archives of Australia 8055:Australian National University 7760:Parliamentary Education Office 7713: 7600: 7576: 7569:(LNP) senators who sit in the 7559: 7472: 7455: 7442: 2413: 2136:COVID-19 pandemic in Australia 1926:Old Parliament House, Canberra 1696:Parliament of the Commonwealth 133:First session: 9 May 1901 1: 12645:Australian Constitutional Law 9897:Green, Antony (19 May 2014). 7706: 3038: 2938:Unlike upper Houses in other 2768:Types of committees include: 2699: 2172:Electoral system of Australia 2144:Attorney-General of Australia 2138:; an adjournment rather than 1872:, which it borrowed from the 14132:Australian Capital Territory 12849:II: The Executive Government 11972:Premiers and Chief Ministers 11967:Governors and Administrators 10914:47th Parliament of Australia 10909:46th Parliament of Australia 10904:45th Parliament of Australia 10560:Resources in other libraries 10455:. Department of the Senate. 10329:. Department of the Senate. 9903:Antony Green's Election Blog 9660:National Museum of Australia 9468:. Australian Collaboration. 8541:. Department of the Senate. 8499:. Department of the Senate. 8384:Australia Spirit of a Nation 8359:Australia Spirit of a Nation 8101:. New Holland. p. 106. 8099:Events That Shaped Australia 8022:1901: The forgotten election 5386:Optional preferential voting 3210:Australian Capital Territory 3204:won 1 seat, and independent 3125:47th Parliament of Australia 3108:launched A-SPAN, now called 3104:In 2009, the pay TV company 3057:Parliamentary Privileges Act 2820:Under the Constitution, the 2706:Australian Senate committees 2681:joint sitting of both houses 2628:matters of public importance 2580: 2502: 2317:optional preferential voting 2240:Australian Capital Territory 2132:46th Parliament of Australia 1834:Australian Capital Territory 1645:Australian Capital Territory 1307:Premiers and chief ministers 1302:Governors and administrators 67:Australian Capital Territory 32:47th Parliament of Australia 7: 12762:Statute of Westminster 1931 12741:Retirement of judges (1977) 11647:Represented multiple states 11061:Parliament House, Melbourne 10945:Matter of public importance 10804:Represented multiple states 9933:"Parliamentary Departments" 9037:"Fact Sheet – Making a Law" 7393: 4148:(Full preferential voting) 3239: 2639:Conflict between the houses 2296:proportional representation 2288:had 33 of the 36 senators. 2090:when seen from a distance. 1870:Parliament House, Melbourne 1708:federal level of government 1257:Referendums and plebiscites 630:proportional representation 10: 16052: 14750:Czechoslovakia (1920–1939) 12823:Republicanism in Australia 12803:Constitutional Conventions 12660:Constitutional conventions 11977:Parliaments and Assemblies 11071:Parliament House, Canberra 11018:House of Representatives: 9963:"Department of the Senate" 9407:"Infosheet 4 – Committees" 8248:Cantor, Steven L. (1996). 7656:Commonwealth Liberal Party 5384:Single transferable vote ( 4782:Single transferable vote ( 4100:Preferential block voting 4057:Preferential block voting 4014:Preferential block voting 3971:Preferential block voting 3928:Preferential block voting 3885:Preferential block voting 3842:Preferential block voting 3799:Preferential block voting 3756:Preferential block voting 3666:Plurality-at-large voting 3623:Plurality-at-large voting 3576:Plurality-at-large voting 3533:Plurality-at-large voting 3490:Plurality-at-large voting 3444:Plurality-at-large voting 3128: 3122: 2703: 2456:, down from 71.59% at the 2390:. This was in response to 2380:Liberal Party of Australia 2334: 2207: 2183: 2169: 2047:Parliament House, Canberra 2044: 1923: 1889: 1839: 1312:Parliaments and assemblies 1175:State and territory courts 1122:Federal Court of Australia 288:227 (151 MPs, 76 Senators) 15923: 15821: 15691: 15682: 15573: 15564: 15511: 15387:Intelligence and security 15313: 15304: 15272: 15177: 15168: 15103: 15045: 15036: 14969: 14888: 14827: 14796: 14783:FR Yugoslavia (1992–2003) 14732: 14714: 14674: 14366: 14248: 14159: 14117: 14071: 14066: 14020: 14015: 13969: 13964: 13918: 13913: 13865: 13860: 13814: 13809: 13763: 13758: 13747: 13742: 13732: 13542: 12894: 12887: 12836: 12785: 12757:Constitution of Australia 12749: 12693: 12680:Reserve power (sovereign) 12637: 12616: 12585: 12577:Federal Executive Council 12544: 12508: 12502:Constitution of Australia 12303: 12221: 12136: 12032: 11955: 11811: 11742:Federal Executive Council 11705: 11637: 11399: 11388: 11142: 11079: 11053: 11045:Court of Disputed Returns 10983: 10922: 10889: 10855: 10822: 10791: 10734: 10683: 10674: 10663: 10632: 10555:Resources in your library 10119:"The first joint sitting" 10103:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 10057:The Sydney Morning Herald 9389:Constitution of Australia 9254:Constitution of Australia 8891:The Sydney Morning Herald 8744:Constitution of Australia 8468:"Norfolk Island Electors" 8306:The Sydney Morning Herald 8283:The Sydney Morning Herald 7646:Includes results for the 7482:(LNP) MPs who sit in the 7465:(LNP) MPs who sit in the 5858: 5853: 5850: 5818: 5815: 5801: 5792: 5782: 5772: 5767: 5738: 5735: 5721: 5712: 5702: 5692: 5687: 5674: 5663: 5660: 5646: 5637: 5627: 5617: 5612: 5545:was the first to elect a 5470: 5404: 5318: 5242: 5220: 5195: 5147: 5099: 5051: 5003: 4951: 4902: 4854: 4806: 4748: 4733:Single transferable vote 4726: 4705: 4686:Single transferable vote 4679: 4658: 4643:Single transferable vote 4636: 4615: 4600:Single transferable vote 4567: 4548:Single transferable vote 4515: 4496:Single transferable vote 4489: 4468: 4453:Single transferable vote 4446: 4425: 4410:Single transferable vote 4403: 4382: 4367:Single transferable vote 4360: 4339: 4324:Single transferable vote 4317: 4296: 4281:Single transferable vote 4274: 4253: 4238:Single transferable vote 4231: 4210: 4195:Single transferable vote 4188: 4167: 4136: 4115: 4093: 4072: 4050: 4029: 4007: 3986: 3964: 3943: 3921: 3900: 3878: 3857: 3835: 3814: 3792: 3771: 3749: 3728: 3711:Preferential block voting 3702: 3681: 3659: 3638: 3616: 3595: 3569: 3548: 3526: 3505: 3483: 3391:Plurality-at-large voting 3382: 3309: 3299: 3267: 3183:Katter's Australian Party 3009:Parliamentary departments 2837:Federal Executive Council 2493:Australian Federal Police 2394:unexpectedly winning the 2274:preferential block voting 2203: 2134:was suspended due to the 1866:Royal Exhibition Building 901:Federal Executive Council 748: 743: 738: 729: 724: 715: 710: 699: 685: 669: 652: 636: 614: 593: 588: 570: 458: 449: 301: 292: 284: 279: 257: 235: 213: 191: 173: 155: 150: 113: 108: 94: 80: 75: 51: 45:Commonwealth Coat of Arms 37: 30: 23: 14768:Soviet Union (1938–1991) 14701:Northern Mariana Islands 13632:(xxiiiA) Social security 12531:House of Representatives 11764:House of Representatives 11144:House of Representatives 11025:Two-party-preferred vote 11014:Single transferable vote 10764:Leader of the Opposition 10711:Leader of the Opposition 10701:Leader of the Government 10657:House of Representatives 10437:26 November 2021 at the 10421:19 February 2017 at the 10359:The executive government 9541:"Sir Edmund (1849–1920)" 9497:The executive government 8980:Department of the Senate 8444:. Austlii.edu.au. 1974. 8382:Cannon, Michael (1985). 8357:Cannon, Michael (1985). 8045:Manning, Haydon (2021). 7435: 7386: 7383: 7380: 7374: 7368: 7365: 7362: 7357: 7352: 7349: 7343: 7337: 7334: 7331: 7328: 7323: 7318: 7315: 7309: 7303: 7300: 7297: 7294: 7289: 7284: 7281: 7275: 7269: 7266: 7263: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7247: 7244: 7238: 7232: 7229: 7226: 7221: 7216: 7213: 7210: 7204: 7198: 7195: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7179: 7173: 7167: 7164: 7161: 7158: 7153: 7148: 7145: 7139: 7133: 7130: 7127: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7111: 7105: 7102: 7096: 7093: 7090: 7085: 7080: 7077: 7071: 7065: 7062: 7059: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7043: 7040: 7034: 7028: 7025: 7022: 7017: 7012: 7009: 7006: 6997: 6994: 6991: 6988: 6983: 6978: 6975: 6972: 6966: 6960: 6957: 6954: 6949: 6944: 6941: 6938: 6932: 6926: 6923: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6907: 6904: 6898: 6892: 6889: 6886: 6881: 6876: 6873: 6867: 6861: 6858: 6855: 6852: 6847: 6842: 6839: 6833: 6827: 6824: 6821: 6818: 6813: 6808: 6805: 6799: 6793: 6790: 6787: 6784: 6779: 6774: 6771: 6768: 6762: 6756: 6753: 6750: 6745: 6740: 6737: 6734: 6728: 6722: 6719: 6716: 6711: 6706: 6703: 6697: 6694: 6688: 6685: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6669: 6663: 6657: 6654: 6651: 6648: 6643: 6638: 6635: 6629: 6623: 6620: 6617: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6601: 6595: 6592: 6586: 6583: 6580: 6575: 6570: 6567: 6561: 6555: 6552: 6549: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6533: 6527: 6521: 6518: 6515: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6499: 6493: 6490: 6484: 6481: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6465: 6459: 6453: 6450: 6447: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6431: 6425: 6419: 6416: 6413: 6410: 6405: 6400: 6397: 6394: 6388: 6382: 6379: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6363: 6360: 6354: 6348: 6345: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6329: 6323: 6320: 6314: 6311: 6308: 6303: 6298: 6295: 6289: 6283: 6280: 6277: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6261: 6255: 6249: 6246: 6243: 6240: 6235: 6230: 6227: 6221: 6215: 6212: 6209: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6193: 6184: 6178: 6175: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6159: 6153: 6147: 6144: 6141: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6125: 6119: 6113: 6110: 6107: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6091: 6085: 6079: 6076: 6073: 6070: 6065: 6060: 6057: 6051: 6045: 6042: 6039: 6036: 6031: 6026: 6023: 6017: 6014: 6011: 6008: 6005: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5989: 5980: 5977: 5974: 5971: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5955: 5949: 5946: 5943: 5940: 5937: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5921: 5912: 5909: 5906: 5903: 5900: 5895: 5657: 5652: 5559:two-party-preferred vote 5529:House of Representatives 4145:Single transferable vote 3350: 3343: 3321: 2887:became ministers in the 2472:, a backbench Tasmanian 2384:full preferential voting 2343:House of Representatives 2331:House of Representatives 2293:single transferable vote 1771:full preferential voting 1728:House of Representatives 1242:Federal electoral system 996:House of Representatives 673:House of Representatives 640:House of Representatives 626:Single transferable vote 596:House of Representatives 304:House of Representatives 260:Leader of the Opposition 103:House of Representatives 16011:Parliament of Australia 14883:Legislatures of Oceania 13647:(xxix) External affairs 12731:Casual vacancies (1977) 12706:Senate elections (1906) 12425:Parliamentary secretary 12395:Independent politicians 11652:Longest-serving members 11135:Parliament of Australia 10691:President of the Senate 10626:Parliament of Australia 10546:Parliament of Australia 10179:Parliament of Australia 10027:Parliament of Australia 9997:Parliament of Australia 9967:Parliament of Australia 9937:Parliament of Australia 9754:Australian Constitution 9690:Parliament of Australia 9411:Parliament of Australia 9328:Parliament of Australia 9298:Parliament of Australia 9229:Parliament of Australia 9199:Parliament of Australia 9116:Parliament of Australia 9086:Parliament of Australia 8950:Parliament of Australia 8771:Australian Constitution 8640:Parliament of Australia 8609:Documenting a Democracy 8068:Australian Constitution 8020:Simms, M., ed. (2001). 7995:Parliament of Australia 7929:Parliament of Australia 7871:Parliament of Australia 7811:Australian Constitution 7792:Parliament of Australia 7662:for 1917—1929, and the 7650:for 1901 and 1903, the 7593:senator who sit in the 3235:Historical compositions 3045:parliamentary privilege 2912:24 February by-election 2763:parliamentary privilege 2438:High Court of Australia 2246:and since 1 July 2016, 2236:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 2063:and, together with the 1692:Parliament of Australia 1325:State electoral systems 1070:High Court of Australia 194:President of the Senate 168:since 8 September 2022 135:; 123 years ago 122:; 123 years ago 16026:Bicameral legislatures 16016:Parliaments by country 15987:35.30694°S 149.12556°E 15781:Indigenous Australians 15282:States and territories 14278:Bosnia and Herzegovina 13544:Enumerated legislative 12721:Social services (1946) 12716:2nd State debts (1928) 12711:1st State debts (1910) 12650:Responsible government 12624:Inter-State Commission 12445:Responsible government 12345:Contempt of parliament 11798:Statute of Westminster 11137:by parliamentary terms 10930:Speech from the throne 10489:. Text Publishing Co. 10485:Brett, Judith (2019). 10323:Bach, Stanley (2003). 10290:Warden, James (1995). 9858:Bach, Stanley (2003). 9715:Bach, Stanley (2003). 9597:Starr, Graeme (2000). 9363:. 2017. Archived from 9266:Muller, Damon (2016). 7681:National Country Party 7664:United Australia Party 5551:Australian Labor Party 3202:United Australia Party 3064:contempt of Parliament 2935: 2817: 2752:contempt of Parliament 2747: 2733: 2719: 2669: 2651: 2604: 2600:and behind it the new 2571:committee of the whole 2478:private Senator's bill 2300:Democratic Labor Party 2286:Australian Labor Party 2162: 2111:was finally opened by 1993:) to be at the event. 1962: 1912: 1902: 1874:Parliament of Victoria 1854:The inaugural election 1422:Diplomatic missions of 1294:States and territories 793: 16021:National legislatures 15075:Territorial evolution 14842:National upper houses 14837:National lower houses 14740:Venezuela (1811-1999) 14451:Republic of the Congo 13652:(xxx) Pacific islands 12859:IV: Finance and Trade 12685:Reserved State powers 11699:Politics of Australia 11642:Served in both houses 11020:Instant-runoff voting 10799:Served in both houses 10356:Hamer, David (2004). 10269:Angus & Robertson 9798:Evans, Harry (2016). 9769:Evans, Harry (2016). 9494:Hamer, David (2004). 7591:Country Liberal Party 3215:On 17 February 2023, 3194:Jacqui Lambie Network 2934:The Australian Senate 2933: 2809: 2742: 2731: 2717: 2664: 2646: 2596:: across the lake is 2588: 2557:The first stage is a 2483:1925 federal election 2458:1919 federal election 2454:1922 federal election 2396:1918 Swan by-election 2160: 1960: 1910: 1895: 942:Australian Parliament 883:Deputy Prime Minister 792: 15992:-35.30694; 149.12556 15521:Cabinet of Australia 15496:Government ministers 15264:World Heritage Sites 15070:European exploration 13749:Internal Territories 12750:Constitutional texts 12655:Separation of powers 12400:Kirribilli agreement 12385:Hardworking Families 12340:Chardonnay socialist 11066:Old Parliament House 11040:Caretaker government 10643:(represented by the 9833:WhitlamDismissal.com 8076:15 July 2023 at the 7762:. 10 November 2023. 7652:Anti-Socialist Party 3223:. This triggered a 2953:United States Senate 2598:Old Parliament House 2495:officers armed with 2304:Australian Democrats 2244:Jervis Bay Territory 2220:United States Senate 2109:New Parliament House 2088:Old Parliament House 1952:Old Parliament House 1950:The construction of 1883:cerebral haemorrhage 1718:(represented by the 1608:Australia portal 579:: 3 years (maximum) 15983: / 15593:Gross state product 14758:Estonia (1938–1940) 14641:Trinidad and Tobago 14381:Antigua and Barbuda 13642:(xxvii) Immigration 13546:powers (Section 51) 12854:III: The Judicature 12380:Group voting ticket 10759:Leader of the House 10151:. 8 December 2008. 9839:on 23 February 2012 8790:only the status of 7830:Beck, Luke (2020). 7756:"Federal elections" 7698:Protectionist Party 7658:for 1910—1914, the 7586:(LNP) senators and 5845: 5604: 5567:preferential voting 5563:first-past-the-post 5547:majority government 5537:has existed in the 5286:Motoring Enthusiast 4832:Nuclear Disarmament 4784:Group voting ticket 4774:Nuclear Disarmament 3250:double dissolutions 3156:majority government 2854:Commonwealth realms 2784:Domestic committees 2772:Standing committees 2546:if there is a tie. 2386:for the subsequent 2312:group ticket voting 2267:first-past-the-post 2130:In March 2020, the 1781:(consisting of the 1773:from single-member 1759:proportional system 1247:Electoral divisions 605:Preferential voting 408:Katter's Australian 230:since 26 July 2022 208:since 26 July 2022 15911:Australian studies 15846:Australian English 15655:Telecommunications 15491:Government leaders 15434:Political ideology 14763:Serbia (1901–1903) 14461:Dominican Republic 14174:Northern Territory 13677:(xxxviii) Imperial 13667:(xxxvi) Transition 12874:VII: Miscellaneous 12772:Australia Act 1986 12736:Referendums (1977) 12726:Aboriginals (1967) 12701:Referendum process 12617:Other institutions 12608:Boilermakers' Case 12450:Stolen Generations 12365:Double dissolution 12158:Northern Territory 11008:Double dissolution 10175:"Watch Parliament" 9539:Rutledge, Martha. 8670:6 May 2015 at the 8611:. 5 October 1922. 8125:The Canberra Times 7679:for 1919—1974 and 5844: 5834:Western Australian 5600: 5370:Nick Xenophon Team 3208:won 1 seat in the 3119:Current parliament 3099:1974 Joint Sitting 2940:Westminster system 2936: 2926:Role of the Senate 2889:Menzies Government 2846:executive councils 2826:Westminster system 2818: 2814:Sir Peter Cosgrove 2734: 2720: 2656:double dissolution 2652: 2605: 2443:Australia Act 1986 2406:government at the 2359:Northern Territory 2347:Westminster system 2228:Northern Territory 2163: 2069:design competition 1963: 1945:John Smith Murdoch 1913: 1903: 1807:double dissolution 1736:Westminster system 1700:Federal Parliament 1698:and also known as 1650:Northern Territory 1265:Voter registration 794: 274:since 30 May 2022 252:since 23 May 2022 186:since 1 July 2024 15966: 15965: 15919: 15918: 15741:Human trafficking 15678: 15677: 15560: 15559: 15360:Foreign relations 15300: 15299: 15164: 15163: 15111:Asian Australians 14992: 14991: 14970:Associated states 14850: 14849: 14773:Texas (1836–1845) 14678:other territories 14466:Equatorial Guinea 14204: 14203: 14199: 14198: 14195: 14194: 14190: 14189: 14153: 14152: 14148: 14147: 14111: 14110: 14106: 14105: 14081:Western Australia 14060: 14059: 14055: 14054: 14009: 14008: 14004: 14003: 13958: 13957: 13953: 13952: 13907: 13906: 13902: 13901: 13854: 13853: 13849: 13848: 13803: 13802: 13798: 13797: 13694: 13693: 13690: 13689: 13672:(xxxvii) Referral 13612:(xx) Corporations 12844:I: The Parliament 12509:Legislative power 12468: 12467: 12440:Quiet Australians 12208:Western Australia 11774:Opposition Leader 11752:Foreign relations 11738: 11665: 11664: 11100: 11099: 10950:Readings of bills 10885: 10884: 10873: 10838: 10787: 10786: 10648: 10541:Library resources 10406:978-0-522-86762-6 9813:978-1-76010-503-7 9784:978-1-76010-503-7 9618:978-0-522-84459-7 9560:978-0-522-84459-7 8811:on 4 January 2013 8410:(24 March 2020). 8108:978-1-74110-492-9 7841:978-1-108-70103-7 7660:Nationalist Party 7498:Russell Broadbent 7391: 7390: 5842: 5841: 5526: 5525: 5365:Liberal Democrats 5281:Liberal Democrats 3221:Division of Aston 3200:had 2 seats, the 2896:the disappearance 2778:Select committees 2729: 2685:absolute majority 2450:Compulsory voting 2376:Nationalist Party 2308:Australian Greens 2282:Nationalist Party 2210:Australian Senate 2178:King of Australia 2053:Fraser government 1999:God Save the King 1995:Dame Nellie Melba 1917: 1916: 1688: 1687: 1630:Western Australia 1444:Visa requirements 1396:Foreign relations 1382:Political parties 1280:Political funding 1275:Political parties 912:Albanese ministry 779: 761: 760: 16043: 15998: 15997: 15995: 15994: 15993: 15988: 15984: 15981: 15980: 15979: 15976: 15946: 15939: 15932: 15808:Waste management 15689: 15688: 15610:Household income 15571: 15570: 15533:Governor-General 15343:Electoral system 15311: 15310: 15175: 15174: 15043: 15042: 15019: 15012: 15005: 14996: 14995: 14936:Papua New Guinea 14916:Marshall Islands 14889:Sovereign states 14877: 14870: 14863: 14854: 14853: 14231: 14224: 14217: 14208: 14207: 14171: 14170: 14169: 14162: 14161: 14157: 14156: 14129: 14128: 14127: 14120: 14119: 14115: 14114: 14078: 14077: 14076: 14069: 14068: 14064: 14063: 14027: 14026: 14025: 14018: 14017: 14013: 14012: 13976: 13975: 13974: 13967: 13966: 13962: 13961: 13925: 13924: 13923: 13916: 13915: 13911: 13910: 13872: 13871: 13870: 13863: 13862: 13858: 13857: 13821: 13820: 13819: 13812: 13811: 13807: 13806: 13770: 13769: 13768: 13761: 13760: 13756: 13755: 13735: 13734: 13721: 13714: 13707: 13698: 13697: 13682:(xxxix) Incident 13627:(xxiii) Pensions 12892: 12891: 12572:Governor-General 12495: 12488: 12481: 12472: 12471: 12410:Leadership spill 12390:How-to-vote card 12375:Forgotten People 12245:Liberal National 12034:State/territory 11957:State/territory 11732: 11720:Governor-General 11692: 11685: 11678: 11669: 11668: 11394: 11127: 11120: 11113: 11104: 11103: 10867: 10832: 10820: 10819: 10681: 10680: 10669: 10645:Governor-General 10642: 10619: 10612: 10605: 10596: 10595: 10529: 10527: 10525: 10519: 10512: 10500: 10481: 10479: 10477: 10471: 10454: 10410: 10391: 10389: 10387: 10381: 10364: 10352: 10350: 10348: 10319: 10317: 10315: 10286: 10283:Internet Archive 10257: 10225: 10224: 10222: 10220: 10201: 10195: 10194: 10192: 10190: 10171: 10165: 10164: 10162: 10160: 10141: 10135: 10134: 10132: 10130: 10125:on 23 March 2017 10115: 10109: 10108: 10102: 10094: 10092: 10090: 10079: 10073: 10072: 10070: 10068: 10049: 10043: 10042: 10040: 10038: 10019: 10013: 10012: 10010: 10008: 9989: 9983: 9982: 9980: 9978: 9969:. 11 June 2015. 9959: 9953: 9952: 9950: 9948: 9939:. 19 June 2012. 9929: 9923: 9922: 9920: 9918: 9894: 9888: 9887: 9885: 9883: 9855: 9849: 9848: 9846: 9844: 9835:. Archived from 9824: 9818: 9817: 9795: 9789: 9788: 9766: 9760: 9751: 9745: 9744: 9742: 9740: 9712: 9706: 9705: 9703: 9701: 9682: 9676: 9675: 9673: 9671: 9652: 9646: 9645: 9643: 9641: 9594: 9588: 9587: 9585: 9583: 9536: 9530: 9529: 9527: 9525: 9519: 9502: 9491: 9485: 9484: 9482: 9480: 9474: 9467: 9459: 9453: 9452: 9450: 9448: 9433: 9427: 9426: 9424: 9422: 9403: 9392: 9386: 9377: 9376: 9374: 9372: 9367:on 20 March 2017 9357: 9344: 9343: 9341: 9339: 9320: 9314: 9313: 9311: 9309: 9290: 9284: 9283: 9281: 9279: 9263: 9257: 9251: 9245: 9244: 9242: 9240: 9221: 9215: 9214: 9212: 9210: 9191: 9185: 9184: 9182: 9180: 9165: 9159: 9158: 9156: 9154: 9138: 9132: 9131: 9129: 9127: 9108: 9102: 9101: 9099: 9097: 9078: 9072: 9066: 9060: 9059: 9057: 9055: 9041: 9033: 9027: 9026: 9024: 9022: 9002: 8996: 8995: 8993: 8991: 8972: 8966: 8965: 8963: 8961: 8942: 8936: 8935: 8933: 8931: 8916: 8907: 8906: 8904: 8902: 8882: 8876: 8875: 8873: 8871: 8856: 8850: 8849: 8847: 8845: 8835: 8827: 8821: 8820: 8818: 8816: 8801: 8795: 8794:was in question. 8784: 8778: 8768: 8762: 8753: 8747: 8741: 8735: 8734: 8732: 8730: 8715: 8709: 8708: 8706: 8704: 8681: 8675: 8662: 8656: 8655: 8653: 8651: 8631: 8625: 8624: 8622: 8620: 8601: 8595: 8594: 8592: 8590: 8574: 8568: 8567: 8565: 8563: 8557: 8540: 8529: 8523: 8522: 8520: 8518: 8490: 8484: 8483: 8481: 8479: 8464: 8458: 8457: 8455: 8453: 8438: 8432: 8431: 8429: 8427: 8416:The Conversation 8404: 8398: 8397: 8379: 8373: 8372: 8354: 8348: 8347: 8329: 8323: 8322: 8320: 8318: 8313:on 13 March 2017 8309:. Archived from 8296: 8290: 8288: 8279: 8273: 8272: 8270: 8268: 8245: 8234: 8233: 8223: 8217: 8216: 8214: 8212: 8197: 8191: 8190: 8188: 8186: 8166: 8160: 8159: 8157: 8155: 8136: 8130: 8129: 8119: 8113: 8112: 8091: 8085: 8065: 8059: 8058: 8042: 8036: 8035: 8017: 8011: 8010: 8008: 8006: 7987: 7978: 7977: 7975: 7973: 7954: 7945: 7944: 7942: 7940: 7921: 7912: 7911: 7893: 7887: 7886: 7884: 7882: 7863: 7854: 7853: 7827: 7821: 7808: 7797: 7796: 7782: 7776: 7775: 7773: 7771: 7752: 7743: 7742: 7740: 7738: 7717: 7700: 7695: 7684: 7673: 7667: 7648:Free Trade Party 7644: 7638: 7635: 7629: 7604: 7598: 7580: 7574: 7563: 7557: 7493: 7487: 7476: 7470: 7459: 7453: 7446: 5846: 5605: 5535:two-party system 5513:United Australia 4593:Liberal Movement 4541:Liberal Movement 3255: 3076:April Fools' Day 2822:governor-general 2811:Governor-General 2796:Joint committees 2730: 2610:enacting formula 2602:Parliament House 2466:Matthew Charlton 2428:British subjects 2319:was introduced. 2232:Christmas Island 2190:governor-general 2148:Christian Porter 2126: 2122: 2118: 2100: 2080:Romaldo Giurgola 2029: 2017: 1979:Australian flags 1888: 1878:Frederick Holder 1820:(except in rare 1818:Parliament House 1720:governor-general 1704:legislative body 1694:(officially the 1680: 1673: 1666: 1606: 1605: 1604: 1570:Multiculturalism 1545:Environmentalism 1523: 1411:Foreign Minister 1397: 1340: 1339:Local government 1295: 1270:Leadership spill 1202:Recent elections 1195: 1180:Law of Australia 1062: 957: 952: 934: 874:Anthony Albanese 858: 835:Governor-General 811: 782: 777: 769: 763: 762: 757: 754: 752: 734: 720: 609:full preferences 562: 551:United Australia 549: 537: 529: 521: 505: 497: 477: 463:political groups 454: 443: 438: 431: 422: 415: 406: 399: 394: 386: 373: 368: 361: 356: 348: 342: 329: 324: 317: 306:political groups 297: 245:Anthony Albanese 176:Governor-General 143: 141: 136: 130: 128: 123: 59:Parliament House 56: 42: 21: 20: 16051: 16050: 16046: 16045: 16044: 16042: 16041: 16040: 16001: 16000: 15991: 15989: 15985: 15982: 15977: 15974: 15972: 15970: 15969: 15967: 15962: 15949: 15942: 15935: 15928: 15915: 15876:Public holidays 15817: 15761:Life expectancy 15674: 15556: 15507: 15296: 15268: 15254:Protected areas 15160: 15099: 15032: 15023: 14993: 14988: 14971: 14965: 14946:Solomon Islands 14884: 14881: 14851: 14846: 14823: 14814:Multicameralism 14792: 14728: 14710: 14677: 14670: 14362: 14244: 14235: 14205: 14200: 14191: 14186: 14172: 14167: 14165: 14149: 14144: 14130: 14125: 14123: 14107: 14102: 14093: 14079: 14074: 14072: 14056: 14051: 14042: 14028: 14023: 14021: 14005: 14000: 13991: 13977: 13972: 13970: 13954: 13949: 13940: 13928:South Australia 13926: 13921: 13919: 13903: 13898: 13889: 13873: 13868: 13866: 13850: 13845: 13836: 13824:New South Wales 13822: 13817: 13815: 13799: 13794: 13785: 13771: 13766: 13764: 13728: 13725: 13695: 13686: 13597:(xiv) Insurance 13577:(ix) Quarantine 13545: 13538: 12883: 12832: 12781: 12745: 12689: 12633: 12612: 12581: 12545:Executive power 12540: 12504: 12499: 12469: 12464: 12325:Branch stacking 12306: 12299: 12255:Centre Alliance 12249:Country Liberal 12224: 12217: 12178:South Australia 12148:New South Wales 12139: 12132: 12035: 12028: 11958: 11951: 11814: 11807: 11701: 11696: 11666: 11661: 11633: 11395: 11386: 11138: 11133:Members of the 11131: 11101: 11096: 11075: 11049: 10979: 10918: 10881: 10858:Representatives 10857: 10851: 10818: 10809:Longest service 10783: 10737:Representatives 10736: 10730: 10676: 10670: 10661: 10628: 10623: 10566: 10565: 10564: 10549: 10548: 10544: 10537: 10532: 10523: 10521: 10517: 10510: 10497: 10475: 10473: 10469: 10463: 10452: 10439:Wayback Machine 10423:Wayback Machine 10407: 10385: 10383: 10379: 10373: 10362: 10346: 10344: 10337: 10313: 10311: 10304: 10279: 10254: 10234: 10232:Further reading 10229: 10228: 10218: 10216: 10203: 10202: 10198: 10188: 10186: 10173: 10172: 10168: 10158: 10156: 10143: 10142: 10138: 10128: 10126: 10117: 10116: 10112: 10096: 10095: 10088: 10086: 10081: 10080: 10076: 10066: 10064: 10059:. 31 May 2007. 10051: 10050: 10046: 10036: 10034: 10021: 10020: 10016: 10006: 10004: 9991: 9990: 9986: 9976: 9974: 9961: 9960: 9956: 9946: 9944: 9931: 9930: 9926: 9916: 9914: 9895: 9891: 9881: 9879: 9872: 9856: 9852: 9842: 9840: 9825: 9821: 9814: 9796: 9792: 9785: 9767: 9763: 9752: 9748: 9738: 9736: 9729: 9713: 9709: 9699: 9697: 9684: 9683: 9679: 9669: 9667: 9654: 9653: 9649: 9639: 9637: 9619: 9595: 9591: 9581: 9579: 9561: 9537: 9533: 9523: 9521: 9517: 9511: 9500: 9492: 9488: 9478: 9476: 9472: 9465: 9461: 9460: 9456: 9446: 9444: 9443:on 4 March 2017 9435: 9434: 9430: 9420: 9418: 9405: 9404: 9395: 9387: 9380: 9370: 9368: 9359: 9358: 9347: 9337: 9335: 9322: 9321: 9317: 9307: 9305: 9292: 9291: 9287: 9277: 9275: 9264: 9260: 9252: 9248: 9238: 9236: 9223: 9222: 9218: 9208: 9206: 9193: 9192: 9188: 9178: 9176: 9167: 9166: 9162: 9152: 9150: 9139: 9135: 9125: 9123: 9110: 9109: 9105: 9095: 9093: 9080: 9079: 9075: 9067: 9063: 9053: 9051: 9039: 9035: 9034: 9030: 9020: 9018: 9003: 8999: 8989: 8987: 8974: 8973: 8969: 8959: 8957: 8944: 8943: 8939: 8929: 8927: 8918: 8917: 8910: 8900: 8898: 8883: 8879: 8869: 8867: 8858: 8857: 8853: 8843: 8841: 8833: 8829: 8828: 8824: 8814: 8812: 8803: 8802: 8798: 8792:British Citizen 8785: 8781: 8769: 8765: 8754: 8750: 8742: 8738: 8728: 8726: 8717: 8716: 8712: 8702: 8700: 8682: 8678: 8672:Wayback Machine 8663: 8659: 8649: 8647: 8632: 8628: 8618: 8616: 8603: 8602: 8598: 8588: 8586: 8575: 8571: 8561: 8559: 8555: 8549: 8538: 8530: 8526: 8516: 8514: 8507: 8491: 8487: 8477: 8475: 8466: 8465: 8461: 8451: 8449: 8440: 8439: 8435: 8425: 8423: 8405: 8401: 8394: 8380: 8376: 8369: 8355: 8351: 8344: 8330: 8326: 8316: 8314: 8297: 8293: 8286: 8280: 8276: 8266: 8264: 8262: 8246: 8237: 8224: 8220: 8210: 8208: 8199: 8198: 8194: 8184: 8182: 8167: 8163: 8153: 8151: 8138: 8137: 8133: 8120: 8116: 8109: 8092: 8088: 8078:Wayback Machine 8066: 8062: 8043: 8039: 8032: 8018: 8014: 8004: 8002: 7989: 7988: 7981: 7971: 7969: 7964:. 8 June 2007. 7956: 7955: 7948: 7938: 7936: 7923: 7922: 7915: 7908: 7894: 7890: 7880: 7878: 7865: 7864: 7857: 7842: 7828: 7824: 7809: 7800: 7783: 7779: 7769: 7767: 7754: 7753: 7746: 7736: 7734: 7719: 7718: 7714: 7709: 7704: 7703: 7696: 7687: 7674: 7670: 7645: 7641: 7636: 7632: 7605: 7601: 7581: 7577: 7564: 7560: 7538:Allegra Spender 7494: 7490: 7477: 7473: 7460: 7456: 7447: 7443: 7438: 7396: 5794: 5789: 5764: 5714: 5709: 5684: 5639: 5634: 5609: 5531: 5445: 5440: 5437:Centre Alliance 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5289: 5284: 5279: 3316: 3311: 3306: 3280: 3259: 3242: 3237: 3179:Centre Alliance 3141: 3127: 3121: 3084: 3041: 3011: 2965:blocking supply 2949:Canadian Senate 2928: 2804: 2722: 2712: 2702: 2694:other occasions 2641: 2583: 2550:drafted by the 2529:government whip 2505: 2416: 2339: 2333: 2212: 2206: 2186: 2174: 2168: 2152:standing orders 2124: 2120: 2116: 2098: 2084:Australian flag 2049: 2043: 2038: 2037: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2021: 2018: 1928: 1922: 1898:The Big Picture 1847: 1842: 1684: 1655: 1654: 1635:South Australia 1615:New South Wales 1602: 1600: 1595: 1594: 1525: 1521: 1513: 1512: 1474: 1461: 1453: 1434:Nationality law 1430: 1418: 1399: 1395: 1387: 1386: 1342: 1338: 1330: 1329: 1316: 1297: 1293: 1285: 1284: 1261: 1238: 1197: 1193: 1185: 1184: 1171: 1160:Will Alstergren 1144: 1117: 1081:Stephen Gageler 1064: 1060: 1052: 1051: 1047:Shadow Ministry 1023: 991: 959: 936: 932: 924: 923: 896: 860: 856: 848: 847: 813: 809: 780: 776: 767: 749: 704:Redistributions 692: 676: 659: 643: 622: 601: 580: 573: 560: 558: 547: 546: 535: 534: 527: 526: 519: 518: 511: 510: 503: 502: 495: 494: 490: 483: 482: 475: 473: 464: 436: 435: 432: 424:Centre Alliance 420: 419: 416: 404: 403: 400: 392: 391: 387: 379: 378: 374: 366: 365: 362: 354: 353: 349: 344: 343: 335: 334: 330: 322: 321: 318: 310: 307: 275: 273: 262: 253: 251: 240: 231: 229: 218: 209: 207: 196: 187: 185: 178: 169: 167: 160: 146: 139: 137: 134: 126: 124: 121: 101: 90: 89: 71: 69: 61: 47: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 16049: 16039: 16038: 16033: 16028: 16023: 16018: 16013: 15964: 15963: 15961: 15960: 15955: 15948: 15947: 15940: 15933: 15925: 15924: 15921: 15920: 15917: 15916: 15914: 15913: 15908: 15903: 15898: 15893: 15888: 15883: 15878: 15873: 15868: 15863: 15858: 15853: 15848: 15843: 15838: 15833: 15827: 15825: 15819: 15818: 15816: 15815: 15810: 15805: 15800: 15795: 15790: 15785: 15784: 15783: 15778: 15773: 15763: 15758: 15753: 15748: 15743: 15738: 15733: 15728: 15723: 15718: 15713: 15708: 15703: 15698: 15692: 15686: 15680: 15679: 15676: 15675: 15673: 15672: 15670:Welfare system 15667: 15662: 15657: 15652: 15647: 15645:Superannuation 15642: 15640:Stock exchange 15637: 15632: 15627: 15622: 15617: 15612: 15607: 15606: 15605: 15603:Public housing 15598:Home ownership 15595: 15590: 15585: 15580: 15574: 15568: 15562: 15561: 15558: 15557: 15555: 15554: 15553: 15552: 15545:Prime Minister 15542: 15541: 15540: 15530: 15529: 15528: 15517: 15515: 15509: 15508: 15506: 15505: 15503:Shadow Cabinet 15500: 15499: 15498: 15493: 15483: 15481:Public Service 15478: 15477: 15476: 15471: 15466: 15461: 15456: 15451: 15446: 15441: 15431: 15426: 15421: 15416: 15411: 15410: 15409: 15404: 15399: 15389: 15384: 15383: 15382: 15377: 15372: 15362: 15357: 15355:Federal budget 15352: 15351: 15350: 15345: 15340: 15330: 15325: 15320: 15314: 15308: 15302: 15301: 15298: 15297: 15295: 15294: 15289: 15284: 15278: 15276: 15270: 15269: 15267: 15266: 15261: 15256: 15251: 15246: 15241: 15236: 15231: 15226: 15221: 15216: 15211: 15210: 15209: 15199: 15194: 15189: 15187:Climate change 15184: 15178: 15172: 15166: 15165: 15162: 15161: 15159: 15158: 15153: 15148: 15143: 15138: 15133: 15128: 15123: 15118: 15116:Constitutional 15113: 15107: 15105: 15101: 15100: 15098: 15097: 15092: 15087: 15082: 15077: 15072: 15067: 15062: 15057: 15052: 15046: 15040: 15034: 15033: 15022: 15021: 15014: 15007: 14999: 14990: 14989: 14987: 14986: 14981: 14975: 14973: 14972:of New Zealand 14967: 14966: 14964: 14963: 14958: 14953: 14948: 14943: 14938: 14933: 14928: 14923: 14918: 14913: 14908: 14903: 14898: 14892: 14890: 14886: 14885: 14880: 14879: 14872: 14865: 14857: 14848: 14847: 14845: 14844: 14839: 14834: 14828: 14825: 14824: 14822: 14821: 14816: 14811: 14806: 14800: 14798: 14794: 14793: 14791: 14790: 14785: 14780: 14775: 14770: 14765: 14760: 14755: 14747: 14742: 14736: 14734: 14730: 14729: 14727: 14726: 14720: 14718: 14712: 14711: 14709: 14708: 14703: 14698: 14693: 14688: 14686:American Samoa 14682: 14680: 14672: 14671: 14669: 14668: 14663: 14658: 14653: 14651:United Kingdom 14648: 14643: 14638: 14633: 14628: 14623: 14618: 14613: 14608: 14603: 14598: 14593: 14588: 14583: 14578: 14573: 14568: 14563: 14558: 14553: 14548: 14543: 14538: 14533: 14528: 14523: 14518: 14513: 14508: 14503: 14498: 14493: 14488: 14483: 14478: 14473: 14468: 14463: 14458: 14456:Czech Republic 14453: 14448: 14443: 14438: 14433: 14428: 14423: 14418: 14413: 14408: 14403: 14398: 14393: 14388: 14383: 14378: 14372: 14370: 14364: 14363: 14361: 14360: 14355: 14350: 14345: 14340: 14335: 14330: 14325: 14320: 14315: 14310: 14305: 14300: 14295: 14290: 14285: 14280: 14275: 14270: 14265: 14260: 14254: 14252: 14246: 14245: 14234: 14233: 14226: 14219: 14211: 14202: 14201: 14197: 14196: 14193: 14192: 14188: 14187: 14180: 14177: 14176: 14160: 14154: 14151: 14150: 14146: 14145: 14138: 14135: 14134: 14118: 14112: 14109: 14108: 14104: 14103: 14096: 14094: 14087: 14084: 14083: 14067: 14061: 14058: 14057: 14053: 14052: 14045: 14043: 14036: 14033: 14032: 14016: 14010: 14007: 14006: 14002: 14001: 13994: 13992: 13985: 13982: 13981: 13965: 13959: 13956: 13955: 13951: 13950: 13943: 13941: 13934: 13931: 13930: 13914: 13908: 13905: 13904: 13900: 13899: 13892: 13890: 13881: 13878: 13877: 13861: 13855: 13852: 13851: 13847: 13846: 13839: 13837: 13830: 13827: 13826: 13810: 13804: 13801: 13800: 13796: 13795: 13788: 13786: 13779: 13776: 13775: 13759: 13752: 13751: 13746: 13741: 13733: 13730: 13729: 13724: 13723: 13716: 13709: 13701: 13692: 13691: 13688: 13687: 13685: 13684: 13679: 13674: 13669: 13664: 13659: 13654: 13649: 13644: 13639: 13634: 13629: 13624: 13622:(xxii) Divorce 13619: 13617:(xxi) Marriage 13614: 13609: 13604: 13599: 13594: 13592:(xiii) Banking 13589: 13587:(xii) Currency 13584: 13579: 13574: 13569: 13564: 13559: 13554: 13550: 13548: 13540: 13539: 13537: 13536: 13531: 13526: 13521: 13516: 13511: 13506: 13501: 13496: 13491: 13486: 13481: 13476: 13471: 13466: 13461: 13456: 13451: 13446: 13441: 13436: 13431: 13426: 13421: 13416: 13411: 13406: 13401: 13396: 13391: 13386: 13381: 13376: 13371: 13366: 13361: 13356: 13351: 13346: 13341: 13336: 13331: 13326: 13321: 13316: 13311: 13306: 13301: 13296: 13291: 13286: 13281: 13276: 13271: 13266: 13261: 13256: 13251: 13246: 13241: 13236: 13231: 13226: 13221: 13216: 13211: 13206: 13201: 13196: 13191: 13186: 13181: 13176: 13171: 13166: 13161: 13156: 13151: 13146: 13141: 13136: 13131: 13126: 13121: 13116: 13111: 13106: 13101: 13096: 13091: 13086: 13081: 13076: 13071: 13066: 13061: 13056: 13051: 13046: 13041: 13036: 13031: 13026: 13021: 13016: 13011: 13006: 13001: 12996: 12991: 12986: 12981: 12976: 12971: 12966: 12961: 12956: 12951: 12946: 12941: 12936: 12931: 12926: 12921: 12916: 12911: 12906: 12901: 12895: 12889: 12885: 12884: 12882: 12881: 12876: 12871: 12869:VI: New States 12866: 12861: 12856: 12851: 12846: 12840: 12838: 12834: 12833: 12831: 12830: 12825: 12820: 12815: 12810: 12800: 12795: 12789: 12787: 12783: 12782: 12780: 12779: 12774: 12769: 12764: 12759: 12753: 12751: 12747: 12746: 12744: 12743: 12738: 12733: 12728: 12723: 12718: 12713: 12708: 12703: 12697: 12695: 12691: 12690: 12688: 12687: 12682: 12677: 12672: 12667: 12662: 12657: 12652: 12647: 12641: 12639: 12635: 12634: 12632: 12631: 12626: 12620: 12618: 12614: 12613: 12611: 12610: 12605: 12600: 12595: 12589: 12587: 12586:Judicial power 12583: 12582: 12580: 12579: 12574: 12569: 12564: 12559: 12554: 12548: 12546: 12542: 12541: 12539: 12538: 12533: 12528: 12523: 12518: 12512: 12510: 12506: 12505: 12498: 12497: 12490: 12483: 12475: 12466: 12465: 12463: 12462: 12457: 12455:Working Family 12452: 12447: 12442: 12437: 12432: 12427: 12422: 12417: 12412: 12407: 12402: 12397: 12392: 12387: 12382: 12377: 12372: 12367: 12362: 12357: 12352: 12347: 12342: 12337: 12332: 12330:Casual vacancy 12327: 12322: 12317: 12311: 12309: 12301: 12300: 12298: 12297: 12292: 12287: 12282: 12277: 12272: 12267: 12262: 12257: 12252: 12229: 12227: 12219: 12218: 12216: 12215: 12205: 12195: 12185: 12175: 12165: 12155: 12144: 12142: 12134: 12133: 12131: 12130: 12124: 12123: 12118: 12113: 12108: 12103: 12098: 12093: 12088: 12082: 12081: 12076: 12071: 12066: 12061: 12056: 12051: 12046: 12040: 12038: 12030: 12029: 12027: 12026: 12021: 12016: 12011: 12006: 12001: 11996: 11991: 11985: 11984: 11979: 11974: 11969: 11963: 11961: 11953: 11952: 11950: 11949: 11943: 11942: 11937: 11932: 11925: 11920: 11915: 11910: 11905: 11900: 11895: 11890: 11885: 11880: 11875: 11870: 11865: 11860: 11855: 11850: 11845: 11840: 11835: 11830: 11825: 11819: 11817: 11809: 11808: 11806: 11805: 11800: 11795: 11789: 11788: 11783: 11777: 11776: 11771: 11766: 11761: 11755: 11754: 11749: 11744: 11739: 11735:Shadow Cabinet 11727: 11725:Prime Minister 11722: 11717: 11711: 11709: 11703: 11702: 11695: 11694: 11687: 11680: 11672: 11663: 11662: 11660: 11659: 11654: 11649: 11644: 11638: 11635: 11634: 11632: 11631: 11626: 11621: 11616: 11611: 11606: 11601: 11596: 11591: 11586: 11581: 11576: 11571: 11566: 11561: 11556: 11551: 11546: 11541: 11536: 11531: 11526: 11521: 11516: 11511: 11506: 11501: 11496: 11491: 11486: 11481: 11476: 11471: 11466: 11461: 11456: 11451: 11446: 11441: 11436: 11431: 11426: 11421: 11416: 11411: 11405: 11403: 11397: 11396: 11389: 11387: 11385: 11384: 11379: 11374: 11369: 11364: 11359: 11354: 11349: 11344: 11339: 11334: 11329: 11324: 11319: 11314: 11309: 11304: 11299: 11294: 11289: 11284: 11279: 11274: 11269: 11264: 11259: 11254: 11249: 11244: 11239: 11234: 11229: 11224: 11219: 11214: 11209: 11204: 11199: 11194: 11189: 11184: 11179: 11174: 11169: 11164: 11159: 11154: 11148: 11146: 11140: 11139: 11130: 11129: 11122: 11115: 11107: 11098: 11097: 11095: 11094: 11089: 11083: 11081: 11077: 11076: 11074: 11073: 11068: 11063: 11057: 11055: 11051: 11050: 11048: 11047: 11042: 11037: 11032: 11027: 11022: 11016: 11010: 11005: 11000: 10995: 10989: 10987: 10981: 10980: 10978: 10977: 10967: 10962: 10957: 10955:King's Consent 10952: 10947: 10942: 10937: 10935:Joint meetings 10932: 10926: 10924: 10920: 10919: 10917: 10916: 10911: 10906: 10901: 10895: 10893: 10887: 10886: 10883: 10882: 10880: 10879: 10874: 10861: 10859: 10853: 10852: 10850: 10849: 10844: 10839: 10826: 10824: 10817: 10816: 10811: 10806: 10801: 10795: 10793: 10789: 10788: 10785: 10784: 10782: 10781: 10771: 10766: 10761: 10756: 10754:Prime Minister 10751: 10746: 10740: 10738: 10732: 10731: 10729: 10728: 10718: 10713: 10708: 10703: 10698: 10693: 10687: 10685: 10678: 10672: 10671: 10664: 10662: 10660: 10659: 10654: 10649: 10636: 10634: 10630: 10629: 10622: 10621: 10614: 10607: 10599: 10593: 10592: 10587: 10582: 10577: 10572: 10563: 10562: 10557: 10551: 10550: 10539: 10538: 10536: 10535:External links 10533: 10531: 10530: 10501: 10495: 10482: 10461: 10443: 10427: 10411: 10405: 10392: 10371: 10353: 10335: 10320: 10302: 10287: 10277: 10258: 10252: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10227: 10226: 10196: 10181:. aph.gov.au. 10166: 10136: 10110: 10074: 10044: 10014: 9984: 9954: 9924: 9889: 9870: 9850: 9819: 9812: 9790: 9783: 9761: 9746: 9727: 9707: 9677: 9647: 9617: 9589: 9559: 9531: 9509: 9486: 9454: 9428: 9413:. aph.gov.au. 9393: 9378: 9345: 9315: 9285: 9258: 9246: 9216: 9186: 9160: 9133: 9103: 9073: 9061: 9028: 8997: 8967: 8937: 8908: 8877: 8851: 8822: 8796: 8779: 8763: 8748: 8736: 8710: 8676: 8657: 8626: 8596: 8569: 8547: 8524: 8505: 8485: 8459: 8433: 8399: 8392: 8374: 8367: 8349: 8342: 8324: 8291: 8274: 8260: 8235: 8218: 8192: 8161: 8146:. 4 May 2002. 8131: 8114: 8107: 8086: 8060: 8037: 8030: 8012: 7979: 7946: 7913: 7906: 7888: 7855: 7840: 7822: 7798: 7777: 7744: 7711: 7710: 7708: 7705: 7702: 7701: 7685: 7683:for 1975—1980. 7675:Used the name 7668: 7666:for 1931—1943. 7654:for 1906, the 7639: 7630: 7611:Gerard Rennick 7599: 7582:Including two 7575: 7565:Including two 7558: 7556: 7555: 7550: 7545: 7540: 7535: 7530: 7525: 7520: 7515: 7510: 7505: 7500: 7488: 7471: 7454: 7448:Member of the 7440: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7433: 7432: 7427: 7422: 7417: 7412: 7407: 7402: 7395: 7392: 7389: 7388: 7385: 7382: 7379: 7376: 7373: 7370: 7367: 7364: 7361: 7355: 7354: 7351: 7348: 7345: 7342: 7339: 7336: 7333: 7330: 7327: 7321: 7320: 7317: 7314: 7311: 7308: 7305: 7302: 7299: 7296: 7293: 7287: 7286: 7283: 7280: 7277: 7274: 7271: 7268: 7265: 7262: 7259: 7253: 7252: 7249: 7246: 7243: 7240: 7237: 7234: 7231: 7228: 7225: 7219: 7218: 7215: 7212: 7209: 7206: 7203: 7200: 7197: 7194: 7191: 7185: 7184: 7181: 7178: 7175: 7172: 7169: 7166: 7163: 7160: 7157: 7151: 7150: 7147: 7144: 7141: 7138: 7135: 7132: 7129: 7126: 7123: 7117: 7116: 7113: 7110: 7107: 7104: 7101: 7098: 7095: 7092: 7089: 7083: 7082: 7079: 7076: 7073: 7070: 7067: 7064: 7061: 7058: 7055: 7049: 7048: 7045: 7042: 7039: 7036: 7033: 7030: 7027: 7024: 7021: 7015: 7014: 7011: 7008: 7005: 7002: 6999: 6996: 6993: 6990: 6987: 6981: 6980: 6977: 6974: 6971: 6968: 6965: 6962: 6959: 6956: 6953: 6947: 6946: 6943: 6940: 6937: 6934: 6931: 6928: 6925: 6922: 6919: 6913: 6912: 6909: 6906: 6903: 6900: 6897: 6894: 6891: 6888: 6885: 6879: 6878: 6875: 6872: 6869: 6866: 6863: 6860: 6857: 6854: 6851: 6845: 6844: 6841: 6838: 6835: 6832: 6829: 6826: 6823: 6820: 6817: 6811: 6810: 6807: 6804: 6801: 6798: 6795: 6792: 6789: 6786: 6783: 6777: 6776: 6773: 6770: 6767: 6764: 6761: 6758: 6755: 6752: 6749: 6743: 6742: 6739: 6736: 6733: 6730: 6727: 6724: 6721: 6718: 6715: 6709: 6708: 6705: 6702: 6699: 6696: 6693: 6690: 6687: 6684: 6681: 6675: 6674: 6671: 6668: 6665: 6662: 6659: 6656: 6653: 6650: 6647: 6641: 6640: 6637: 6634: 6631: 6628: 6625: 6622: 6619: 6616: 6613: 6607: 6606: 6603: 6600: 6597: 6594: 6591: 6588: 6585: 6582: 6579: 6573: 6572: 6569: 6566: 6563: 6560: 6557: 6554: 6551: 6548: 6545: 6539: 6538: 6535: 6532: 6529: 6526: 6523: 6520: 6517: 6514: 6511: 6505: 6504: 6501: 6498: 6495: 6492: 6489: 6486: 6483: 6480: 6477: 6471: 6470: 6467: 6464: 6461: 6458: 6455: 6452: 6449: 6446: 6443: 6437: 6436: 6433: 6430: 6427: 6424: 6421: 6418: 6415: 6412: 6409: 6403: 6402: 6399: 6396: 6393: 6390: 6387: 6384: 6381: 6378: 6375: 6369: 6368: 6365: 6362: 6359: 6356: 6353: 6350: 6347: 6344: 6341: 6335: 6334: 6331: 6328: 6325: 6322: 6319: 6316: 6313: 6310: 6307: 6301: 6300: 6297: 6294: 6291: 6288: 6285: 6282: 6279: 6276: 6273: 6267: 6266: 6263: 6260: 6257: 6254: 6251: 6248: 6245: 6242: 6239: 6233: 6232: 6229: 6226: 6223: 6220: 6217: 6214: 6211: 6208: 6205: 6199: 6198: 6195: 6192: 6189: 6186: 6183: 6180: 6177: 6174: 6171: 6165: 6164: 6161: 6158: 6155: 6152: 6149: 6146: 6143: 6140: 6137: 6131: 6130: 6127: 6124: 6121: 6118: 6115: 6112: 6109: 6106: 6103: 6097: 6096: 6093: 6090: 6087: 6084: 6081: 6078: 6075: 6072: 6069: 6063: 6062: 6059: 6056: 6053: 6050: 6047: 6044: 6041: 6038: 6035: 6029: 6028: 6025: 6022: 6019: 6016: 6013: 6010: 6007: 6004: 6001: 5995: 5994: 5991: 5988: 5985: 5982: 5979: 5976: 5973: 5970: 5967: 5961: 5960: 5957: 5954: 5951: 5948: 5945: 5942: 5939: 5936: 5933: 5927: 5926: 5923: 5920: 5917: 5914: 5911: 5908: 5905: 5902: 5899: 5893: 5892: 5889: 5886: 5883: 5880: 5877: 5874: 5871: 5868: 5865: 5861: 5860: 5857: 5852: 5849: 5840: 5839: 5836: 5831: 5828: 5825: 5820: 5817: 5814: 5811: 5805: 5804: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5776: 5774:Anti-Socialist 5771: 5766: 5760: 5759: 5756: 5754:Revenue Tariff 5751: 5748: 5745: 5740: 5737: 5734: 5731: 5725: 5724: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5716: 5711: 5706: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5680: 5679: 5676: 5673: 5670: 5665: 5662: 5659: 5656: 5650: 5649: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5530: 5527: 5524: 5523: 5520: 5517: 5502:Lambie Network 5499: 5496: 5493: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5483: 5476: 5469: 5466: 5463: 5457: 5456: 5453: 5450: 5434: 5431: 5428: 5425: 5422: 5419: 5417: 5410: 5403: 5400: 5397: 5391: 5390: 5381: 5378: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5324: 5317: 5314: 5309: 5301: 5300: 5297: 5294: 5273: 5270: 5267: 5264: 5261: 5258: 5255: 5248: 5241: 5238: 5235: 5229: 5228: 5225: 5222: 5219: 5216: 5213: 5210: 5207: 5204: 5201: 5194: 5191: 5188: 5182: 5181: 5178: 5175: 5170: 5167: 5164: 5161: 5158: 5155: 5152: 5149: 5146: 5143: 5140: 5134: 5133: 5130: 5127: 5122: 5119: 5116: 5113: 5110: 5107: 5104: 5101: 5098: 5095: 5092: 5086: 5085: 5082: 5079: 5074: 5071: 5068: 5065: 5062: 5059: 5056: 5053: 5050: 5047: 5044: 5038: 5037: 5034: 5031: 5026: 5023: 5020: 5017: 5014: 5011: 5008: 5005: 5002: 4999: 4996: 4990: 4989: 4986: 4983: 4974: 4971: 4968: 4965: 4962: 4959: 4956: 4953: 4950: 4947: 4944: 4938: 4937: 4934: 4931: 4925: 4922: 4919: 4916: 4913: 4910: 4907: 4904: 4901: 4898: 4895: 4889: 4888: 4885: 4882: 4877: 4874: 4871: 4868: 4865: 4862: 4859: 4856: 4853: 4850: 4847: 4841: 4840: 4837: 4834: 4829: 4826: 4823: 4820: 4817: 4814: 4811: 4808: 4805: 4802: 4797: 4789: 4788: 4779: 4776: 4771: 4768: 4765: 4762: 4759: 4756: 4753: 4750: 4747: 4744: 4741: 4735: 4734: 4731: 4728: 4725: 4722: 4719: 4716: 4713: 4710: 4707: 4704: 4701: 4696: 4688: 4687: 4684: 4681: 4678: 4675: 4672: 4669: 4666: 4663: 4660: 4657: 4654: 4651: 4645: 4644: 4641: 4638: 4635: 4632: 4629: 4626: 4623: 4620: 4617: 4614: 4611: 4608: 4602: 4601: 4598: 4595: 4590: 4587: 4584: 4581: 4578: 4575: 4572: 4569: 4566: 4563: 4558: 4550: 4549: 4546: 4543: 4538: 4535: 4532: 4529: 4526: 4523: 4520: 4517: 4514: 4511: 4506: 4498: 4497: 4494: 4491: 4488: 4485: 4482: 4479: 4476: 4473: 4470: 4467: 4464: 4461: 4455: 4454: 4451: 4448: 4445: 4442: 4439: 4436: 4433: 4430: 4427: 4424: 4421: 4418: 4412: 4411: 4408: 4405: 4402: 4399: 4396: 4393: 4390: 4387: 4384: 4381: 4378: 4375: 4369: 4368: 4365: 4362: 4359: 4356: 4353: 4350: 4347: 4344: 4341: 4338: 4335: 4332: 4326: 4325: 4322: 4319: 4316: 4313: 4310: 4307: 4304: 4301: 4298: 4295: 4292: 4289: 4283: 4282: 4279: 4276: 4273: 4270: 4267: 4264: 4261: 4258: 4255: 4252: 4249: 4246: 4240: 4239: 4236: 4233: 4230: 4227: 4224: 4221: 4218: 4215: 4212: 4209: 4206: 4203: 4197: 4196: 4193: 4190: 4187: 4184: 4181: 4178: 4175: 4172: 4169: 4166: 4163: 4158: 4150: 4149: 4141: 4138: 4135: 4132: 4129: 4126: 4123: 4120: 4117: 4114: 4111: 4108: 4102: 4101: 4098: 4095: 4092: 4089: 4086: 4083: 4080: 4077: 4074: 4071: 4068: 4065: 4059: 4058: 4055: 4052: 4049: 4046: 4043: 4040: 4037: 4034: 4031: 4028: 4025: 4022: 4016: 4015: 4012: 4009: 4006: 4003: 4000: 3997: 3994: 3991: 3988: 3985: 3982: 3979: 3973: 3972: 3969: 3966: 3963: 3960: 3957: 3954: 3951: 3948: 3945: 3942: 3939: 3936: 3930: 3929: 3926: 3923: 3920: 3917: 3914: 3911: 3908: 3905: 3902: 3899: 3896: 3893: 3887: 3886: 3883: 3880: 3877: 3874: 3871: 3868: 3865: 3862: 3859: 3856: 3853: 3850: 3844: 3843: 3840: 3837: 3834: 3831: 3828: 3825: 3822: 3819: 3816: 3813: 3810: 3807: 3801: 3800: 3797: 3794: 3791: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3776: 3773: 3770: 3767: 3764: 3758: 3757: 3754: 3751: 3748: 3745: 3742: 3739: 3736: 3733: 3730: 3727: 3724: 3721: 3715: 3714: 3707: 3704: 3701: 3698: 3695: 3692: 3689: 3686: 3683: 3680: 3677: 3674: 3668: 3667: 3664: 3661: 3658: 3655: 3652: 3649: 3646: 3643: 3640: 3637: 3634: 3631: 3625: 3624: 3621: 3618: 3615: 3612: 3609: 3606: 3603: 3600: 3597: 3594: 3591: 3586: 3578: 3577: 3574: 3571: 3568: 3565: 3562: 3559: 3556: 3553: 3550: 3547: 3544: 3541: 3535: 3534: 3531: 3528: 3525: 3522: 3519: 3516: 3513: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3501: 3498: 3492: 3491: 3488: 3485: 3482: 3479: 3476: 3473: 3470: 3467: 3464: 3461: 3458: 3455: 3452: 3446: 3445: 3442: 3439: 3437:Revenue Tariff 3434: 3431: 3428: 3425: 3422: 3419: 3416: 3413: 3410: 3407: 3404: 3401: 3395: 3394: 3387: 3384: 3381: 3378: 3375: 3372: 3369: 3366: 3363: 3360: 3357: 3354: 3349: 3341: 3340: 3337: 3336: 3334: 3332: 3330: 3328: 3326: 3324: 3322: 3319: 3318: 3313: 3308: 3303: 3298: 3293: 3288: 3283: 3276: 3271: 3266: 3261: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3123:Main article: 3120: 3117: 3110:Sky News Extra 3088:Radio National 3083: 3080: 3040: 3037: 3036: 3035: 3032: 3021: 3018: 3010: 3007: 2998:Malcolm Fraser 2982:prime minister 2945:House of Lords 2927: 2924: 2850:privy councils 2803: 2800: 2701: 2698: 2640: 2637: 2582: 2579: 2563:second reading 2504: 2501: 2497:assault rifles 2415: 2412: 2335:Main article: 2332: 2329: 2324:casual vacancy 2248:Norfolk Island 2208:Main article: 2205: 2202: 2198:reserve powers 2194:prime minister 2185: 2182: 2167: 2164: 2045:Main article: 2042: 2039: 2035: 2034: 2031: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2012: 2009: 2008: 2007: 1987:Jimmy Clements 1967:King George VI 1924:Main article: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1914: 1904: 1846: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1822:joint sittings 1686: 1685: 1683: 1682: 1675: 1668: 1660: 1657: 1656: 1653: 1652: 1647: 1642: 1637: 1632: 1627: 1622: 1617: 1611: 1610: 1597: 1596: 1593: 1592: 1587: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1526: 1519: 1518: 1515: 1514: 1511: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1498:European Union 1495: 1490: 1485: 1483:United Kingdom 1480: 1473: 1472: 1467: 1460: 1459: 1452: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1429: 1428: 1417: 1416: 1407: 1406: 1400: 1393: 1392: 1389: 1388: 1385: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1364: 1359: 1354: 1349: 1343: 1336: 1335: 1332: 1331: 1328: 1327: 1322: 1315: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1298: 1291: 1290: 1287: 1286: 1283: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1267: 1260: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1237: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1205: 1204: 1198: 1191: 1190: 1187: 1186: 1183: 1182: 1177: 1170: 1169: 1167:List of Judges 1163: 1162: 1153: 1152: 1143: 1142: 1140:List of Judges 1136: 1135: 1133:Debra Mortimer 1126: 1125: 1116: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1095: 1090: 1084: 1083: 1074: 1073: 1065: 1058: 1057: 1054: 1053: 1050: 1049: 1043: 1042: 1032: 1031: 1022: 1021: 1011: 1010: 1000: 999: 990: 989: 979: 978: 968: 967: 946: 945: 937: 930: 929: 926: 925: 922: 921: 915: 914: 905: 904: 895: 894: 891:Richard Marles 887: 886: 878: 877: 870: 869: 866:Prime Minister 861: 854: 853: 850: 849: 846: 845: 839: 838: 830: 829: 823: 822: 814: 807: 806: 803: 802: 796: 795: 785: 784: 772: 771: 759: 758: 746: 745: 741: 740: 739:Senate Chamber 736: 735: 727: 726: 722: 721: 713: 712: 708: 707: 701: 697: 696: 693: 686: 683: 682: 677: 670: 667: 666: 660: 653: 650: 649: 644: 637: 634: 633: 623: 615: 612: 611: 602: 594: 591: 590: 586: 585: 574: 572:Length of term 571: 568: 567: 539:Lambie Network 465: 459: 456: 455: 447: 446: 445: 444: 433: 417: 401: 376: 375: 363: 332: 331: 308: 302: 299: 298: 290: 289: 286: 282: 281: 277: 276: 265: 263: 258: 255: 254: 243: 241: 238:Prime Minister 236: 233: 232: 221: 219: 214: 211: 210: 199: 197: 192: 189: 188: 181: 179: 174: 171: 170: 163: 161: 156: 153: 152: 148: 147: 145: 144: 131: 117: 115: 111: 110: 106: 105: 96: 92: 91: 85: 84: 82: 78: 77: 73: 72: 57: 49: 48: 43: 35: 34: 28: 27: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 16048: 16037: 16034: 16032: 16029: 16027: 16024: 16022: 16019: 16017: 16014: 16012: 16009: 16008: 16006: 15999: 15996: 15959: 15956: 15954: 15951: 15950: 15945: 15941: 15938: 15934: 15931: 15927: 15926: 15922: 15912: 15909: 15907: 15904: 15902: 15899: 15897: 15894: 15892: 15889: 15887: 15884: 15882: 15879: 15877: 15874: 15872: 15869: 15867: 15864: 15862: 15859: 15857: 15854: 15852: 15849: 15847: 15844: 15842: 15839: 15837: 15834: 15832: 15829: 15828: 15826: 15824: 15820: 15814: 15811: 15809: 15806: 15804: 15801: 15799: 15796: 15794: 15791: 15789: 15786: 15782: 15779: 15777: 15776:Ethnic groups 15774: 15772: 15769: 15768: 15767: 15764: 15762: 15759: 15757: 15754: 15752: 15749: 15747: 15744: 15742: 15739: 15737: 15734: 15732: 15729: 15727: 15724: 15722: 15719: 15717: 15714: 15712: 15709: 15707: 15704: 15702: 15699: 15697: 15694: 15693: 15690: 15687: 15685: 15681: 15671: 15668: 15666: 15663: 15661: 15658: 15656: 15653: 15651: 15648: 15646: 15643: 15641: 15638: 15636: 15633: 15631: 15628: 15626: 15623: 15621: 15618: 15616: 15615:Manufacturing 15613: 15611: 15608: 15604: 15601: 15600: 15599: 15596: 15594: 15591: 15589: 15586: 15584: 15581: 15579: 15576: 15575: 15572: 15569: 15567: 15563: 15551: 15548: 15547: 15546: 15543: 15539: 15536: 15535: 15534: 15531: 15527: 15524: 15523: 15522: 15519: 15518: 15516: 15514: 15510: 15504: 15501: 15497: 15494: 15492: 15489: 15488: 15487: 15484: 15482: 15479: 15475: 15472: 15470: 15469:Republicanism 15467: 15465: 15462: 15460: 15457: 15455: 15452: 15450: 15447: 15445: 15442: 15440: 15437: 15436: 15435: 15432: 15430: 15427: 15425: 15424:National debt 15422: 15420: 15417: 15415: 15412: 15408: 15405: 15403: 15400: 15398: 15395: 15394: 15393: 15390: 15388: 15385: 15381: 15378: 15376: 15373: 15371: 15368: 15367: 15366: 15363: 15361: 15358: 15356: 15353: 15349: 15346: 15344: 15341: 15339: 15336: 15335: 15334: 15331: 15329: 15326: 15324: 15321: 15319: 15316: 15315: 15312: 15309: 15307: 15303: 15293: 15290: 15288: 15285: 15283: 15280: 15279: 15277: 15275: 15271: 15265: 15262: 15260: 15257: 15255: 15252: 15250: 15247: 15245: 15242: 15240: 15237: 15235: 15232: 15230: 15227: 15225: 15222: 15220: 15217: 15215: 15212: 15208: 15205: 15204: 15203: 15200: 15198: 15195: 15193: 15190: 15188: 15185: 15183: 15180: 15179: 15176: 15173: 15171: 15167: 15157: 15154: 15152: 15149: 15147: 15144: 15142: 15139: 15137: 15134: 15132: 15129: 15127: 15124: 15122: 15119: 15117: 15114: 15112: 15109: 15108: 15106: 15102: 15096: 15093: 15091: 15088: 15086: 15083: 15081: 15078: 15076: 15073: 15071: 15068: 15066: 15063: 15061: 15058: 15056: 15053: 15051: 15048: 15047: 15044: 15041: 15039: 15035: 15031: 15027: 15020: 15015: 15013: 15008: 15006: 15001: 15000: 14997: 14985: 14982: 14980: 14977: 14976: 14974: 14968: 14962: 14959: 14957: 14954: 14952: 14949: 14947: 14944: 14942: 14939: 14937: 14934: 14932: 14929: 14927: 14924: 14922: 14919: 14917: 14914: 14912: 14909: 14907: 14904: 14902: 14899: 14897: 14894: 14893: 14891: 14887: 14878: 14873: 14871: 14866: 14864: 14859: 14858: 14855: 14843: 14840: 14838: 14835: 14833: 14830: 14829: 14826: 14820: 14817: 14815: 14812: 14810: 14809:Tricameralism 14807: 14805: 14804:Unicameralism 14802: 14801: 14799: 14795: 14789: 14786: 14784: 14781: 14779: 14776: 14774: 14771: 14769: 14766: 14764: 14761: 14759: 14756: 14754: 14751: 14748: 14746: 14743: 14741: 14738: 14737: 14735: 14731: 14725: 14722: 14721: 14719: 14717: 14716:Non-UN states 14713: 14707: 14704: 14702: 14699: 14697: 14694: 14692: 14689: 14687: 14684: 14683: 14681: 14679: 14676:Dependent and 14673: 14667: 14664: 14662: 14659: 14657: 14654: 14652: 14649: 14647: 14644: 14642: 14639: 14637: 14634: 14632: 14629: 14627: 14624: 14622: 14619: 14617: 14614: 14612: 14609: 14607: 14604: 14602: 14599: 14597: 14594: 14592: 14589: 14587: 14584: 14582: 14579: 14577: 14574: 14572: 14569: 14567: 14564: 14562: 14559: 14557: 14554: 14552: 14549: 14547: 14544: 14542: 14539: 14537: 14534: 14532: 14529: 14527: 14524: 14522: 14519: 14517: 14514: 14512: 14509: 14507: 14504: 14502: 14499: 14497: 14494: 14492: 14489: 14487: 14484: 14482: 14479: 14477: 14474: 14472: 14469: 14467: 14464: 14462: 14459: 14457: 14454: 14452: 14449: 14447: 14444: 14442: 14439: 14437: 14434: 14432: 14429: 14427: 14424: 14422: 14419: 14417: 14414: 14412: 14409: 14407: 14404: 14402: 14399: 14397: 14394: 14392: 14389: 14387: 14384: 14382: 14379: 14377: 14374: 14373: 14371: 14369: 14365: 14359: 14358:United States 14356: 14354: 14351: 14349: 14346: 14344: 14341: 14339: 14336: 14334: 14331: 14329: 14326: 14324: 14321: 14319: 14316: 14314: 14311: 14309: 14306: 14304: 14301: 14299: 14296: 14294: 14291: 14289: 14286: 14284: 14281: 14279: 14276: 14274: 14271: 14269: 14266: 14264: 14261: 14259: 14256: 14255: 14253: 14251: 14247: 14243: 14240: 14232: 14227: 14225: 14220: 14218: 14213: 14212: 14209: 14185: 14184: 14179: 14178: 14175: 14164: 14163: 14158: 14155: 14143: 14142: 14137: 14136: 14133: 14122: 14121: 14116: 14113: 14101: 14100: 14095: 14092: 14091: 14086: 14085: 14082: 14070: 14065: 14062: 14050: 14049: 14044: 14041: 14040: 14035: 14034: 14031: 14019: 14014: 14011: 13999: 13998: 13993: 13990: 13989: 13984: 13983: 13980: 13968: 13963: 13960: 13948: 13947: 13942: 13939: 13938: 13933: 13932: 13929: 13917: 13912: 13909: 13897: 13896: 13891: 13888: 13887: 13886: 13880: 13879: 13876: 13864: 13859: 13856: 13844: 13843: 13838: 13835: 13834: 13829: 13828: 13825: 13813: 13808: 13805: 13793: 13792: 13791:House of Rep. 13787: 13784: 13783: 13778: 13777: 13774: 13762: 13757: 13754: 13753: 13750: 13745: 13740: 13737: 13736: 13731: 13722: 13717: 13715: 13710: 13708: 13703: 13702: 13699: 13683: 13680: 13678: 13675: 13673: 13670: 13668: 13665: 13663: 13660: 13658: 13655: 13653: 13650: 13648: 13645: 13643: 13640: 13638: 13635: 13633: 13630: 13628: 13625: 13623: 13620: 13618: 13615: 13613: 13610: 13608: 13605: 13603: 13600: 13598: 13595: 13593: 13590: 13588: 13585: 13583: 13582:(x) Fisheries 13580: 13578: 13575: 13573: 13570: 13568: 13565: 13563: 13562:(ii) Taxation 13560: 13558: 13555: 13552: 13551: 13549: 13547: 13541: 13535: 13532: 13530: 13527: 13525: 13522: 13520: 13517: 13515: 13512: 13510: 13507: 13505: 13502: 13500: 13497: 13495: 13492: 13490: 13487: 13485: 13482: 13480: 13477: 13475: 13472: 13470: 13467: 13465: 13462: 13460: 13457: 13455: 13452: 13450: 13447: 13445: 13442: 13440: 13437: 13435: 13432: 13430: 13427: 13425: 13422: 13420: 13417: 13415: 13412: 13410: 13407: 13405: 13402: 13400: 13397: 13395: 13392: 13390: 13387: 13385: 13382: 13380: 13377: 13375: 13372: 13370: 13367: 13365: 13362: 13360: 13357: 13355: 13352: 13350: 13347: 13345: 13342: 13340: 13337: 13335: 13332: 13330: 13327: 13325: 13322: 13320: 13317: 13315: 13312: 13310: 13307: 13305: 13302: 13300: 13297: 13295: 13292: 13290: 13287: 13285: 13282: 13280: 13277: 13275: 13272: 13270: 13267: 13265: 13262: 13260: 13257: 13255: 13252: 13250: 13247: 13245: 13242: 13240: 13237: 13235: 13232: 13230: 13227: 13225: 13222: 13220: 13217: 13215: 13212: 13210: 13207: 13205: 13202: 13200: 13197: 13195: 13192: 13190: 13187: 13185: 13182: 13180: 13177: 13175: 13172: 13170: 13167: 13165: 13162: 13160: 13157: 13155: 13152: 13150: 13147: 13145: 13142: 13140: 13137: 13135: 13132: 13130: 13127: 13125: 13122: 13120: 13117: 13115: 13112: 13110: 13107: 13105: 13102: 13100: 13097: 13095: 13092: 13090: 13087: 13085: 13082: 13080: 13077: 13075: 13072: 13070: 13067: 13065: 13062: 13060: 13057: 13055: 13052: 13050: 13047: 13045: 13042: 13040: 13037: 13035: 13032: 13030: 13027: 13025: 13022: 13020: 13017: 13015: 13012: 13010: 13007: 13005: 13002: 13000: 12997: 12995: 12992: 12990: 12987: 12985: 12982: 12980: 12977: 12975: 12972: 12970: 12967: 12965: 12962: 12960: 12957: 12955: 12952: 12950: 12947: 12945: 12942: 12940: 12937: 12935: 12932: 12930: 12927: 12925: 12922: 12920: 12917: 12915: 12912: 12910: 12907: 12905: 12902: 12900: 12897: 12896: 12893: 12890: 12886: 12880: 12877: 12875: 12872: 12870: 12867: 12865: 12864:V: The States 12862: 12860: 12857: 12855: 12852: 12850: 12847: 12845: 12842: 12841: 12839: 12835: 12829: 12826: 12824: 12821: 12819: 12816: 12814: 12811: 12808: 12804: 12801: 12799: 12798:The Dismissal 12796: 12794: 12791: 12790: 12788: 12784: 12778: 12775: 12773: 12770: 12768: 12765: 12763: 12760: 12758: 12755: 12754: 12752: 12748: 12742: 12739: 12737: 12734: 12732: 12729: 12727: 12724: 12722: 12719: 12717: 12714: 12712: 12709: 12707: 12704: 12702: 12699: 12698: 12696: 12692: 12686: 12683: 12681: 12678: 12676: 12673: 12671: 12668: 12666: 12663: 12661: 12658: 12656: 12653: 12651: 12648: 12646: 12643: 12642: 12640: 12636: 12630: 12629:Privy Council 12627: 12625: 12622: 12621: 12619: 12615: 12609: 12606: 12604: 12601: 12599: 12596: 12594: 12591: 12590: 12588: 12584: 12578: 12575: 12573: 12570: 12568: 12565: 12563: 12560: 12558: 12555: 12553: 12550: 12549: 12547: 12543: 12537: 12534: 12532: 12529: 12527: 12524: 12522: 12519: 12517: 12514: 12513: 12511: 12507: 12503: 12496: 12491: 12489: 12484: 12482: 12477: 12476: 12473: 12461: 12458: 12456: 12453: 12451: 12448: 12446: 12443: 12441: 12438: 12436: 12433: 12431: 12428: 12426: 12423: 12421: 12418: 12416: 12415:Mortgage belt 12413: 12411: 12408: 12406: 12403: 12401: 12398: 12396: 12393: 12391: 12388: 12386: 12383: 12381: 12378: 12376: 12373: 12371: 12368: 12366: 12363: 12361: 12360:Dorothy Dixer 12358: 12356: 12353: 12351: 12348: 12346: 12343: 12341: 12338: 12336: 12335:Caucus revolt 12333: 12331: 12328: 12326: 12323: 12321: 12318: 12316: 12313: 12312: 12310: 12308: 12302: 12296: 12293: 12291: 12290:Other parties 12288: 12286: 12283: 12281: 12278: 12276: 12273: 12271: 12268: 12266: 12263: 12261: 12258: 12256: 12253: 12250: 12246: 12242: 12238: 12234: 12231: 12230: 12228: 12226: 12220: 12213: 12209: 12206: 12203: 12199: 12196: 12193: 12189: 12186: 12183: 12179: 12176: 12173: 12169: 12166: 12163: 12159: 12156: 12153: 12149: 12146: 12145: 12143: 12141: 12135: 12129: 12126: 12125: 12122: 12119: 12117: 12114: 12112: 12109: 12107: 12104: 12102: 12099: 12097: 12094: 12092: 12089: 12087: 12084: 12083: 12080: 12077: 12075: 12072: 12070: 12067: 12065: 12062: 12060: 12057: 12055: 12052: 12050: 12047: 12045: 12042: 12041: 12039: 12037: 12031: 12025: 12022: 12020: 12017: 12015: 12012: 12010: 12007: 12005: 12002: 12000: 11997: 11995: 11992: 11990: 11987: 11986: 11983: 11980: 11978: 11975: 11973: 11970: 11968: 11965: 11964: 11962: 11960: 11954: 11948: 11945: 11944: 11941: 11938: 11936: 11933: 11931: 11930: 11926: 11924: 11921: 11919: 11916: 11914: 11911: 11909: 11906: 11904: 11901: 11899: 11896: 11894: 11891: 11889: 11886: 11884: 11881: 11879: 11876: 11874: 11871: 11869: 11866: 11864: 11861: 11859: 11856: 11854: 11851: 11849: 11846: 11844: 11841: 11839: 11836: 11834: 11831: 11829: 11826: 11824: 11821: 11820: 11818: 11816: 11810: 11804: 11803:Australia Act 11801: 11799: 11796: 11794: 11791: 11790: 11787: 11784: 11782: 11779: 11778: 11775: 11772: 11770: 11767: 11765: 11762: 11760: 11757: 11756: 11753: 11750: 11748: 11745: 11743: 11740: 11736: 11731: 11728: 11726: 11723: 11721: 11718: 11716: 11713: 11712: 11710: 11708: 11704: 11700: 11693: 11688: 11686: 11681: 11679: 11674: 11673: 11670: 11658: 11655: 11653: 11650: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11640: 11639: 11636: 11630: 11627: 11625: 11622: 11620: 11617: 11615: 11612: 11610: 11607: 11605: 11602: 11600: 11597: 11595: 11592: 11590: 11587: 11585: 11582: 11580: 11577: 11575: 11572: 11570: 11567: 11565: 11562: 11560: 11557: 11555: 11552: 11550: 11547: 11545: 11542: 11540: 11537: 11535: 11532: 11530: 11527: 11525: 11522: 11520: 11517: 11515: 11512: 11510: 11507: 11505: 11502: 11500: 11497: 11495: 11492: 11490: 11487: 11485: 11482: 11480: 11477: 11475: 11472: 11470: 11467: 11465: 11462: 11460: 11457: 11455: 11452: 11450: 11447: 11445: 11442: 11440: 11437: 11435: 11432: 11430: 11427: 11425: 11422: 11420: 11417: 11415: 11412: 11410: 11407: 11406: 11404: 11402: 11398: 11393: 11383: 11380: 11378: 11375: 11373: 11370: 11368: 11365: 11363: 11360: 11358: 11355: 11353: 11350: 11348: 11345: 11343: 11340: 11338: 11335: 11333: 11330: 11328: 11325: 11323: 11320: 11318: 11315: 11313: 11310: 11308: 11305: 11303: 11300: 11298: 11295: 11293: 11290: 11288: 11285: 11283: 11280: 11278: 11275: 11273: 11270: 11268: 11265: 11263: 11260: 11258: 11255: 11253: 11250: 11248: 11245: 11243: 11240: 11238: 11235: 11233: 11230: 11228: 11225: 11223: 11220: 11218: 11215: 11213: 11210: 11208: 11205: 11203: 11200: 11198: 11195: 11193: 11190: 11188: 11185: 11183: 11180: 11178: 11175: 11173: 11170: 11168: 11165: 11163: 11160: 11158: 11155: 11153: 11150: 11149: 11147: 11145: 11141: 11136: 11128: 11123: 11121: 11116: 11114: 11109: 11108: 11105: 11093: 11090: 11088: 11085: 11084: 11082: 11078: 11072: 11069: 11067: 11064: 11062: 11059: 11058: 11056: 11052: 11046: 11043: 11041: 11038: 11036: 11033: 11031: 11028: 11026: 11023: 11021: 11017: 11015: 11011: 11009: 11006: 11004: 11001: 10999: 10996: 10994: 10991: 10990: 10988: 10986: 10982: 10976: 10975:House of Reps 10973: | 10972: 10968: 10966: 10963: 10961: 10958: 10956: 10953: 10951: 10948: 10946: 10943: 10941: 10940:Question time 10938: 10936: 10933: 10931: 10928: 10927: 10925: 10921: 10915: 10912: 10910: 10907: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10897: 10896: 10894: 10892: 10888: 10878: 10875: 10871: 10866: 10863: 10862: 10860: 10854: 10848: 10845: 10843: 10840: 10836: 10831: 10828: 10827: 10825: 10821: 10815: 10812: 10810: 10807: 10805: 10802: 10800: 10797: 10796: 10794: 10790: 10779: 10775: 10772: 10770: 10767: 10765: 10762: 10760: 10757: 10755: 10752: 10750: 10747: 10745: 10742: 10741: 10739: 10733: 10726: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10709: 10707: 10704: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10694: 10692: 10689: 10688: 10686: 10682: 10679: 10675:Parliamentary 10673: 10668: 10658: 10655: 10653: 10650: 10646: 10641: 10638: 10637: 10635: 10631: 10627: 10620: 10615: 10613: 10608: 10606: 10601: 10600: 10597: 10591: 10588: 10586: 10583: 10581: 10578: 10576: 10573: 10571: 10568: 10567: 10561: 10558: 10556: 10553: 10552: 10547: 10542: 10516: 10509: 10508: 10502: 10498: 10496:9781925603842 10492: 10488: 10483: 10468: 10464: 10462:0-642-71061-9 10458: 10451: 10450: 10444: 10441: 10440: 10436: 10433: 10429:B.C. Wright, 10428: 10425: 10424: 10420: 10417: 10413:Harry Evans, 10412: 10408: 10402: 10398: 10393: 10378: 10374: 10372:0-642-71433-9 10368: 10361: 10360: 10354: 10342: 10338: 10336:0-642-71291-3 10332: 10328: 10327: 10321: 10309: 10305: 10303:0-644-45191-2 10299: 10295: 10294: 10288: 10284: 10280: 10278:0-9596568-0-4 10274: 10270: 10266: 10265: 10259: 10255: 10253:0-522-84367-0 10249: 10245: 10241: 10240:Souter, Gavin 10237: 10236: 10214: 10210: 10206: 10200: 10184: 10180: 10176: 10170: 10154: 10150: 10146: 10140: 10124: 10120: 10114: 10106: 10100: 10084: 10078: 10062: 10058: 10054: 10048: 10032: 10028: 10024: 10018: 10002: 9998: 9994: 9988: 9972: 9968: 9964: 9958: 9942: 9938: 9934: 9928: 9912: 9908: 9904: 9900: 9893: 9877: 9873: 9871:0-642-71291-3 9867: 9863: 9862: 9854: 9838: 9834: 9830: 9823: 9815: 9809: 9805: 9801: 9794: 9786: 9780: 9776: 9772: 9765: 9758: 9755: 9750: 9734: 9730: 9728:0-642-71291-3 9724: 9720: 9719: 9711: 9695: 9691: 9687: 9681: 9665: 9661: 9657: 9651: 9636: 9632: 9628: 9624: 9620: 9614: 9610: 9606: 9605: 9600: 9593: 9578: 9574: 9570: 9566: 9562: 9556: 9552: 9548: 9547: 9542: 9535: 9516: 9512: 9510:0-642-71433-9 9506: 9499: 9498: 9490: 9471: 9464: 9458: 9442: 9438: 9432: 9416: 9412: 9408: 9402: 9400: 9398: 9391:, section 49. 9390: 9385: 9383: 9366: 9362: 9356: 9354: 9352: 9350: 9333: 9329: 9325: 9319: 9303: 9299: 9295: 9289: 9273: 9269: 9262: 9256:, section 57. 9255: 9250: 9234: 9230: 9226: 9220: 9204: 9200: 9196: 9190: 9174: 9170: 9164: 9148: 9144: 9137: 9121: 9117: 9113: 9107: 9091: 9087: 9083: 9077: 9071:, section 53. 9070: 9065: 9049: 9045: 9038: 9032: 9016: 9012: 9008: 9001: 8985: 8981: 8977: 8971: 8955: 8951: 8947: 8941: 8925: 8921: 8915: 8913: 8896: 8892: 8888: 8881: 8865: 8861: 8855: 8839: 8832: 8826: 8810: 8806: 8800: 8793: 8789: 8783: 8776: 8772: 8767: 8761: 8757: 8752: 8746:, section 43. 8745: 8740: 8724: 8720: 8714: 8698: 8694: 8690: 8686: 8685:Green, Antony 8680: 8673: 8669: 8666: 8661: 8645: 8641: 8637: 8630: 8614: 8610: 8606: 8600: 8584: 8580: 8573: 8554: 8550: 8548:0-642-71061-9 8544: 8537: 8536: 8528: 8512: 8508: 8506:0-642-71061-9 8502: 8498: 8497: 8489: 8473: 8469: 8463: 8447: 8443: 8437: 8421: 8417: 8413: 8409: 8403: 8395: 8393:0-85902-210-2 8389: 8385: 8378: 8370: 8368:0-85902-210-2 8364: 8360: 8353: 8345: 8343:0-582-81027-2 8339: 8335: 8328: 8312: 8308: 8307: 8302: 8295: 8284: 8278: 8263: 8261:0-471-28791-1 8257: 8253: 8252: 8244: 8242: 8240: 8231: 8230: 8222: 8206: 8202: 8196: 8180: 8177:. Melbourne. 8176: 8172: 8165: 8149: 8145: 8141: 8135: 8127: 8126: 8118: 8110: 8104: 8100: 8096: 8090: 8083: 8079: 8075: 8072: 8069: 8064: 8056: 8052: 8048: 8041: 8033: 8031:0-7022-3302-1 8027: 8023: 8016: 8000: 7996: 7992: 7986: 7984: 7967: 7963: 7959: 7953: 7951: 7934: 7930: 7926: 7920: 7918: 7909: 7907:9781862879188 7903: 7899: 7892: 7876: 7872: 7868: 7862: 7860: 7851: 7847: 7843: 7837: 7833: 7826: 7819: 7815: 7812: 7807: 7805: 7803: 7794: 7793: 7788: 7781: 7765: 7761: 7757: 7751: 7749: 7732: 7728: 7727: 7722: 7716: 7712: 7699: 7694: 7692: 7690: 7682: 7678: 7677:Country Party 7672: 7665: 7661: 7657: 7653: 7649: 7643: 7634: 7628: 7624: 7623:Fatima Payman 7620: 7616: 7615:Tammy Tyrrell 7612: 7608: 7603: 7596: 7592: 7589: 7585: 7579: 7572: 7568: 7562: 7554: 7553:Andrew Wilkie 7551: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7543:Zali Steggall 7541: 7539: 7536: 7534: 7533:Sophie Scamps 7531: 7529: 7526: 7524: 7521: 7519: 7516: 7514: 7511: 7509: 7506: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7495: 7492: 7485: 7481: 7475: 7468: 7464: 7461:Including 15 7458: 7451: 7445: 7441: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7423: 7421: 7418: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7397: 7377: 7371: 7360: 7356: 7346: 7340: 7326: 7322: 7312: 7306: 7292: 7288: 7278: 7272: 7258: 7254: 7241: 7235: 7224: 7220: 7207: 7201: 7190: 7186: 7176: 7170: 7156: 7152: 7142: 7136: 7122: 7118: 7108: 7099: 7088: 7084: 7074: 7068: 7054: 7050: 7037: 7031: 7020: 7016: 7003: 7000: 6986: 6982: 6969: 6963: 6952: 6948: 6935: 6929: 6918: 6914: 6901: 6895: 6884: 6880: 6870: 6864: 6850: 6846: 6836: 6830: 6816: 6812: 6802: 6796: 6782: 6778: 6765: 6759: 6748: 6744: 6731: 6725: 6714: 6710: 6700: 6691: 6680: 6676: 6666: 6660: 6646: 6642: 6632: 6626: 6612: 6608: 6598: 6589: 6578: 6574: 6564: 6558: 6544: 6540: 6530: 6524: 6510: 6506: 6496: 6487: 6476: 6472: 6462: 6456: 6442: 6438: 6428: 6422: 6408: 6404: 6391: 6385: 6374: 6370: 6357: 6351: 6340: 6336: 6326: 6317: 6306: 6302: 6292: 6286: 6272: 6268: 6258: 6252: 6238: 6234: 6224: 6218: 6204: 6200: 6187: 6181: 6170: 6166: 6156: 6150: 6136: 6132: 6122: 6116: 6102: 6098: 6088: 6082: 6068: 6064: 6054: 6048: 6034: 6030: 6020: 6000: 5996: 5983: 5966: 5962: 5952: 5932: 5928: 5915: 5898: 5894: 5890: 5887: 5884: 5881: 5878: 5875: 5872: 5869: 5866: 5863: 5862: 5856: 5851:Primary vote 5848: 5847: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5806: 5803: 5798: 5785: 5780: 5779:Protectionist 5777: 5775: 5770: 5761: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5726: 5723: 5718: 5705: 5700: 5699:Protectionist 5697: 5695: 5690: 5681: 5677: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5655: 5651: 5648: 5643: 5630: 5625: 5624:Protectionist 5622: 5620: 5615: 5606: 5603: 5598: 5596: 5592: 5591:other parties 5588: 5584: 5580: 5576: 5572: 5568: 5564: 5560: 5556: 5552: 5548: 5544: 5543:1910 election 5540: 5536: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5514: 5510: 5508: 5503: 5500: 5497: 5494: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5477: 5474: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5458: 5454: 5451: 5448: 5443: 5442:Jacqui Lambie 5438: 5435: 5432: 5429: 5426: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5411: 5408: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5382: 5379: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5360:Justice Party 5356: 5355:Jacqui Lambie 5351: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5325: 5322: 5315: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5307: 5303: 5302: 5298: 5295: 5292: 5291:Palmer United 5287: 5282: 5277: 5274: 5271: 5268: 5265: 5262: 5259: 5256: 5253: 5249: 5246: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5230: 5226: 5223: 5217: 5214: 5211: 5208: 5205: 5202: 5199: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5183: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5168: 5165: 5162: 5159: 5156: 5153: 5150: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5135: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5120: 5117: 5114: 5111: 5108: 5105: 5102: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5087: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5072: 5069: 5066: 5063: 5060: 5057: 5054: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5040: 5039: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5024: 5021: 5018: 5015: 5012: 5009: 5006: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4991: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4978: 4975: 4972: 4969: 4966: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4954: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4939: 4935: 4932: 4929: 4926: 4923: 4920: 4917: 4914: 4911: 4908: 4905: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4890: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4875: 4872: 4869: 4866: 4863: 4860: 4857: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4842: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4827: 4824: 4821: 4818: 4815: 4812: 4809: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4795: 4791: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4769: 4766: 4763: 4760: 4757: 4754: 4751: 4745: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4736: 4732: 4729: 4723: 4720: 4717: 4714: 4711: 4708: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4694: 4690: 4689: 4685: 4682: 4676: 4673: 4670: 4667: 4664: 4661: 4655: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4646: 4642: 4639: 4633: 4630: 4627: 4624: 4621: 4618: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4603: 4599: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4588: 4585: 4582: 4579: 4576: 4573: 4570: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4556: 4552: 4551: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4536: 4533: 4530: 4527: 4524: 4521: 4518: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4504: 4500: 4499: 4495: 4492: 4486: 4483: 4480: 4477: 4474: 4471: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4456: 4452: 4449: 4443: 4440: 4437: 4434: 4431: 4428: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4413: 4409: 4406: 4400: 4397: 4394: 4391: 4388: 4385: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4370: 4366: 4363: 4357: 4354: 4351: 4348: 4345: 4342: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4327: 4323: 4320: 4314: 4311: 4308: 4305: 4302: 4299: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4284: 4280: 4277: 4271: 4268: 4265: 4262: 4259: 4256: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4241: 4237: 4234: 4228: 4225: 4222: 4219: 4216: 4213: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4198: 4194: 4191: 4185: 4182: 4179: 4176: 4173: 4170: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4156: 4152: 4151: 4147: 4146: 4142: 4139: 4133: 4130: 4127: 4124: 4121: 4118: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4103: 4099: 4096: 4090: 4087: 4084: 4081: 4078: 4075: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4060: 4056: 4053: 4047: 4044: 4041: 4038: 4035: 4032: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4018: 4017: 4013: 4010: 4004: 4001: 3998: 3995: 3992: 3989: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3974: 3970: 3967: 3961: 3958: 3955: 3952: 3949: 3946: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3932: 3931: 3927: 3924: 3918: 3915: 3912: 3909: 3906: 3903: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3888: 3884: 3881: 3875: 3872: 3869: 3866: 3863: 3860: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3845: 3841: 3838: 3832: 3829: 3826: 3823: 3820: 3817: 3811: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3802: 3798: 3795: 3789: 3786: 3783: 3780: 3777: 3774: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3759: 3755: 3752: 3746: 3743: 3740: 3737: 3734: 3731: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3716: 3713: 3712: 3708: 3705: 3699: 3696: 3693: 3690: 3687: 3684: 3678: 3675: 3673: 3670: 3669: 3665: 3662: 3656: 3653: 3650: 3647: 3644: 3641: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3626: 3622: 3619: 3613: 3610: 3607: 3604: 3601: 3598: 3592: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3584: 3580: 3579: 3575: 3572: 3566: 3563: 3560: 3557: 3554: 3551: 3545: 3542: 3540: 3537: 3536: 3532: 3529: 3523: 3520: 3517: 3514: 3511: 3508: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3493: 3489: 3486: 3480: 3477: 3474: 3471: 3468: 3465: 3462: 3459: 3456: 3453: 3451: 3448: 3447: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3432: 3429: 3426: 3423: 3420: 3417: 3414: 3411: 3408: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3396: 3393: 3392: 3388: 3385: 3379: 3376: 3373: 3370: 3367: 3364: 3361: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3348: 3347: 3342: 3339: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3302: 3297: 3294: 3292: 3289: 3287: 3284: 3282: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3265: 3262: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3246: 3232: 3230: 3226: 3222: 3218: 3213: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3196:had 2 seats, 3195: 3190: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3165: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3148: 3146: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3126: 3116: 3113: 3111: 3107: 3102: 3100: 3095: 3093: 3089: 3079: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3060: 3058: 3054: 3048: 3046: 3033: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3019: 3016: 3015: 3014: 3006: 3002: 2999: 2995: 2994:Sir John Kerr 2991: 2987: 2986:Gough Whitlam 2983: 2979: 2975: 2970: 2969: 2966: 2960: 2956: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2941: 2932: 2923: 2919: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2892: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2877:1949 election 2873: 2871: 2870:Edmund Barton 2865: 2863: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2829: 2827: 2823: 2815: 2812: 2808: 2799: 2797: 2793: 2791: 2787: 2785: 2781: 2779: 2775: 2773: 2769: 2766: 2764: 2760: 2755: 2753: 2746: 2741: 2738: 2716: 2711: 2707: 2697: 2695: 2691: 2686: 2682: 2677: 2675: 2668: 2663: 2661: 2657: 2650: 2645: 2636: 2633: 2632:question time 2629: 2624: 2620: 2618: 2613: 2611: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2594:Mount Ainslie 2591: 2587: 2578: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2567:third reading 2564: 2560: 2559:first reading 2555: 2553: 2547: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2532: 2530: 2526: 2525:call a quorum 2521: 2516: 2514: 2510: 2500: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2487: 2484: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2470:Herbert Payne 2467: 2463: 2462:Stanley Bruce 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2445: 2444: 2439: 2435: 2434: 2429: 2423: 2421: 2411: 2409: 2408:1990 election 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2388:1919 election 2385: 2381: 2377: 2372: 2369: 2363: 2360: 2356: 2350: 2348: 2344: 2338: 2328: 2325: 2320: 2318: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2294: 2289: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2259:1984 election 2256: 2255:1949 election 2251: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2223: 2221: 2217: 2211: 2201: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2181: 2179: 2173: 2159: 2155: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2128: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2104: 2096: 2095:Australia Day 2091: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2072: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2048: 2028: 2023: 2016: 2011: 2010: 2006: 2004: 2003:King George V 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1959: 1955: 1953: 1948: 1946: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1927: 1909: 1905: 1900: 1899: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1884: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1862:King George V 1859: 1855: 1852: 1837: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1810: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1763: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1743: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1732:UK Parliament 1729: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1681: 1676: 1674: 1669: 1667: 1662: 1661: 1659: 1658: 1651: 1648: 1646: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1621: 1618: 1616: 1613: 1612: 1609: 1599: 1598: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1580:Republicanism 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 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