1155:
Farlow's patrol captured four enemy soldiers with ten camels but they were prevented from crossing the plain by rifle fire from about 50 defenders in the foothills where the Nekhl to Akaba road leaves the plain to the east of Nekhl. An aircraft which landed at Grant's advanced base shortly after 'B' Squadron left, was sent to reconnoitre Nekhl. It returned at 17:40 to report the town unoccupied and no sign of any enemy soldiers on the roads to the east. 'B' Squadron, commanded by
Captain C. A. R. Munro entered Nekhl at 19:45 "riding with fixed bayonets." Two Bedouin and one Ottoman soldier were captured in the town. The 100 cavalry garrison at Nekhl, warned by Bedouin of the British advance, had withdrawn in the direction of Aqaba. They left behind a field gun and 11 prisoners. As it was dark further movement was impossible and the squadron bivouacked in the town with a defensive cordon while the plain was patrolled during the night. All three aircraft landed at Bir el Themada where they camped with Northern Column during a very cold night.
1105:(RFC) officer and two other ranks and two wireless pack stations, rode out from Serapeum near Ismailia in the centre of the Canal. Lieutenant Colonel A. W. Jennings Bramly (an Egyptian Government officer with knowledge of the country), Captain F. D. Stirling (General Staff GHQ), and Lieutenant A. H. Stuart (Intelligence Branch, General Staff), along with one aircraft observer and two mechanics to choose advanced landing ground and supervise the transportation of petrol, oil and spare parts accompanied the force. By 14 February the column concentrated at Zogna where a supply dump had been established. Meanwhile, Southern Column consisting of the 6th Mounted Brigade headquarters, with
151:
1053:
desert making use of the water available at
Kossaima and Nekhl. Ottoman forces continued to occupy the area on the central way across the Sinai south from el Kossaima towards the Suez Canal, including Bir el Hassana and Nekhl, which was a town of about 50 mud and stone houses, with a mosque and a fort. Located in an area where lack of water and extreme climate made sustained warfare by either side impossible, Nekhl had been an important outpost at the beginning of the war, for the British administration 60 miles (97 km) east of Suez. By 1917 it was still an important outpost from which Ottoman authority over the Arabs and Bedouin could be reinforced.
174:
105:
1045:
135:
90:
120:
1062:
36:
1181:
and 'Q' Companies of the Camel
Transport Corps commanded by Captain Swallow. The camels, practically all of which were Somalis worked well, covering more than 20 miles (32 km) a day. Communications were maintained by the two wireless telegraph pack sections with Northern Column but communication with Southern Column was only by aircraft messages or visual signalling which was difficult in the country the two columns moved through.
1122:
As a result, a group was sent ahead by
Northern Column to Themada to do their best to obtain a water supply, while that column followed from Bir el Giddi in cold and wet weather, after giving the horses time to get a good drink. On arrival at Themada four wells had been dug to an average of 8 feet (2.4 m), each of the wells had 4 feet (1.2 m) of water which was maintained during pumping water for the whole regiment.
1143:
1185:
reconnaissance the next day found no sign of the enemy in the area 17 miles (27 km) beyond Nekhl. However, late arrival of aircraft and engine trouble meant important messages to
General Pitt were never delivered. Aerial reconnaissance also had difficulty finding small groups of troops, one aircraft failed to see the whole of Northern Column when it flew over.
1180:
Southern and
Northern Columns made the round trip of some 120 miles (190 km) in harsh desert conditions. Daily rations weighing 4 pounds (1.8 kg) and one gallon of water per man and 20 pounds (9.1 kg) of compressed fodder and six gallons per horse were transported by 1600 camels of 'N'
1121:
joined the column from
Shallufa. Here an officer's patrol commanded by Lieutenant Farlow reported the Themada wells silted up and no water was available there. Instead of the proposed three nights, this information meant only two nights could be spent at an advanced base to be established near Nekhl.
1150:
On 17 February
Northern Column sent an officers' patrol commanded by Lieutenant F. C. Farlow to select a site for an advanced base and to reconnoitre the Thilwetl el Thamamat Pass, 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Nekhl. The patrol reported at 15:30 that three shots had been fired from high ground on
1052:
Both the coast road via El Arish, and the road from Ma'an via Nekhl to the Suez Canal were guarded by
British ships on the Mediterranean coast and the Gulf of Aqaba respectively. Kress von Kressenstin's force which attacked the canal in February 1915 had moved along the central way across the Sinai
1176:
Prisoners' statements reported Nekhl had been garrisoned by 40 armed
Bedouin and 24 Ottoman soldiers, commanded by an Ottoman officer and an Arab Faud Effendi, both of whom escaped. Telegraph and telephone wires were cut and posts removed before Northern Column returned to their advanced base for
1167:
communication was established by Northern Column with Southern Column at 08:30; that column reaching Nekhl at 09:05. After a thorough search of the town and the demolishing of a captured field gun, Southern Column commenced their return journey at 10:30. Later another two Arab were found hiding in
1162:
At 04:00 on 18 February, the main force of Northern Column left their advanced base and entered Nekhl at 06:00 when two more prisoners and abandoned arms, ammunition and stores were captured. Patrols sent out eastwards up to a distance of 15 miles (24 km) failed to find any hostile soldiers.
1158:
During the evening of 17 February two prisoners disclosed that six Ottoman soldiers were expected to return that evening from Bir el Hassana with rations. A detachment from the Imperial Camel Brigade sent to intercept them, captured six camels with stores while the two Bedouin driving the camels,
1154:
The Farlow's patrol sent back a report which was received at 16:45 that the pass was unoccupied but that men could be seen withdrawing from Nekhl towards the east. Farlow requested support "as he was pushing on in pursuit" and 'B' Squadron 11th Light Horse Regiment rode out at 17:10. Meanwhile,
1184:
The aircraft kept contact with the two columns as they converged from the east and south on Nekhl, dropping messages from headquarters and scouting ahead when necessary. On 17 February when the columns were not far from Nekhl, air reconnaissance found the village abandoned and an extensive air
1113:
rode out from Suez at the southern end of the Suez Canal, via Heniak, Ayun Sudr, the Mitla Pass and the Darb el Haj towards Nekhl. Three aircraft from No. 1 Squadron based at El Arish worked from the aerodrome of No. 57 Reserve Squadron at Ismailia during the raid, were to report daily on the
1125:
Major Bassett commanding 2nd Battalion (British), Imperial Camel Corps, marched from Magdhaba on 17 February to surround Bir el Hassana, where at dawn the next morning they attacked the Ottoman Army garrison consisting of three officers and 19 other ranks, reinforced by armed
1073:
and Bir el Hassana. Intelligence Branch of the General Staff had advised that after withdrawing from the Sinai as a result of the EEF advance along the coastal road, a force of 130 hostile soldiers was still deployed at Nekhl. On 6 February Southern Canal Section ordered the
1078:, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel W. Grant, to prepare for operations against Nekhl including the cutting of communications between Nekhl and el Auja. El Auja was linked to northern Palestine via Beersheba. A second column was to march from Magdhaba to
1151:
the Bir el Hassana road shortly after 13:00 by a Bedouin who subsequently withdrew on his camel towards Nekhl. By 16:00 Northern Column reached 7 miles (11 km) north of Nekhl where an advanced base was established.
1035:
By February 1917 the Ottoman garrisons in the region were well behind the EEF front line. As the occupation of Southern Palestine began these isolated forces were attacked and pushed back into Ottoman Palestine.
1611:
1500:. Official History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. 1. London: HM Stationery Office.
1631:
1621:
969:
1134:
by aircraft. After the surrender of Bir el Hassana, Bassett's force remained in position to capture any Ottoman force withdrawing back from Nekhl towards Bir el Hassana.
1441:
256:
979:
1626:
1114:
progress of the two columns, drop messages from headquarters and scout ahead. while a yeomanry force marched from Suez via the Mitla Pass and the Darb el Haj.
882:
964:
1616:
1177:
the night. They began their journey back on the morning of 19 February travelling via Bir el Giddi where the Northern Column camped on 20 and 21 February.
1636:
1085:
Two mounted columns set out from the Suez Canal on 13 February 1917. Northern Column consisting of 420 troopers in the 11th Light Horse Regiment, one
718:
1606:
1601:
357:
974:
249:
954:
140:
925:
1535:
1110:
908:
242:
959:
472:
1591:
1586:
1075:
799:
711:
27:
1483:. Official History of Australia in the War of 1914â1918. Vol. VIII (11th ed.). Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
1519:. Official History of Australia in the War of 1914â1918. Vol. VII (11th ed.). Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
841:
1445:
877:
930:
1462:
704:
836:
741:
455:
352:
848:
826:
997:(February 1917) was the second of three battles by British forces to recapture the Sinai Peninsula during the
1641:
1596:
1117:
Northern Column advanced to Bir el Giddi on 15 February where a detachment of 60 rifles from No. 9 Company,
1006:
998:
942:
935:
816:
563:
389:
369:
266:
770:
753:
748:
494:
409:
1576:
920:
855:
612:
583:
477:
379:
374:
509:
191:
1094:
533:
504:
639:
590:
450:
394:
290:
1024:
Nekhl had been a regional centre for British administration until the beginning of the war when
1581:
1079:
1029:
758:
660:
573:
514:
429:
404:
362:
325:
285:
196:
821:
670:
487:
424:
347:
1498:
Military Operations Egypt & Palestine from the Outbreak of War with Germany to June 1917
1194:
1118:
627:
499:
384:
342:
310:
8:
894:
685:
602:
419:
414:
1442:"First World War Diaries AWM4 1/60, General Staff, Headquarters Anzac Mounted Division"
1102:
1018:
811:
634:
558:
467:
315:
1520:
1501:
1484:
1070:
915:
867:
806:
763:
644:
543:
434:
1090:
1082:
40 miles (64 km) north of Nekhl between the Gebel Helal and the Gebel Yelleg.
899:
887:
872:
860:
785:
780:
675:
617:
578:
568:
548:
538:
305:
1514:
1478:
1480:
The Australian Flying Corps in the Western and Eastern Theatres of War, 1914â1918
1168:
the hills along with one Ottoman soldiers who was killed while trying to escape.
1098:
1010:
949:
790:
775:
680:
665:
622:
607:
553:
528:
482:
300:
295:
159:
35:
1199:
1086:
1069:
The final actions of the Sinai Campaign were ordered by General Murray against
1025:
337:
234:
155:
150:
95:
1570:
1550:
1537:
1524:
1505:
1488:
1044:
399:
1014:
1061:
696:
1002:
831:
729:
653:
125:
1164:
1227:
The airmen probably camped with Northern Column at the advanced base.
1032:
in February 1915 part of the attacking force had moved through Nekhl.
173:
110:
1130:. During the attack a severely wounded soldier was flown back to El
1106:
1612:
Military campaigns and theatres of World War I involving Australia
1127:
1516:
The Australian Imperial Force in Sinai and Palestine, 1914â1918
1142:
1444:. Canberra: Australian War Memorial. May 1917. Archived from
1131:
1460:
1218:
These units have been described as marching from El Arish.
1009:(EEF) mounted forces travelled into the centre of the
1632:
Battles of World War I involving the Ottoman Empire
1622:
Battles of World War I involving the United Kingdom
1463:"Appendix 118: Report on Operations against Nekhl"
1378:
1376:
72:Retreat of last Ottoman garrisons out of the Sinai
1297:
1295:
1568:
264:
131:
1495:
1373:
1627:Battles of World War I involving British India
1292:
1271:
1269:
712:
250:
1470:First World War Diaries AWM4, 1-60-15 Part 1
1318:
1316:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1617:Battles of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign
1330:
1328:
726:
101:
1637:Battles of World War I involving Australia
1285:
1283:
1281:
1266:
719:
705:
257:
243:
1313:
1252:
1245:
1243:
200:British Yeomanry and Indian mounted units
1461:Grant, Lieutenant Colonel W (May 1917).
1325:
1141:
1060:
1043:
1512:
1476:
1278:
116:
1569:
1240:
1097:(RAMC) officer with a detachment from
216:64 to 130 Ottoman and Bedouin garrison
1607:Campaigns and theatres of World War I
1602:Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
700:
238:
28:Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
1472:. Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
1028:forces invaded the area. During the
13:
1109:from this brigade, and the Indian
1048:Kuseimeh also known as el Kossaima
14:
1653:
1496:Falls, Cyril; G. MacMunn (1930).
1477:Cutlack, Frederic Morley (1941).
172:
149:
133:
118:
103:
88:
34:
1421:
1412:
1403:
1394:
1385:
1364:
1355:
1346:
1221:
1212:
1337:
1304:
1:
1592:British Empire in World War I
1587:Ottoman Empire in World War I
1433:
1146:View of Nakhl from the castle
1099:124th Field Ambulance Str. 26
1039:
1234:
1205:
1171:
1013:to attack and push the last
1007:Egyptian Expeditionary Force
999:Sinai and Palestine Campaign
268:Sinai and Palestine Campaign
54:(1 week and 1 day)
7:
1188:
10:
1658:
1513:Gullett, Henry S. (1941).
1056:
1076:11th Light Horse Regiment
737:
276:
220:
207:
192:11th Light Horse Regiment
185:
165:
80:
44:
33:
25:
20:
1289:Falls 1930 Vol. 1 p. 277
1095:Royal Army Medical Corps
980:Indian and Pacific Ocean
1249:Falls 1930 Vol. 1 p. 35
1137:
456:Berukin & 1st Arara
229:1 dead and 11 prisoners
63:Central Sinai Peninsula
1361:Gullett 1941 pp. 246â7
1147:
1066:
1049:
1030:Raid on the Suez Canal
370:2nd Southern Palestine
353:1st Southern Palestine
166:Commanders and leaders
40:Map of Sinai Peninsula
1370:Grant 1917 pp. 2â3, 6
1343:Grant 1917 pp. 1â2, 6
1275:Cutlack 1941 pp. 53â5
1145:
1080:attack Bir el Hassana
1064:
1047:
817:Sinai & Palestine
358:Hafir el Auja railway
221:Casualties and losses
1642:February 1917 events
1597:Egypt in World War I
1263:Gullett 1941, p. 246
1195:First Battle of Gaza
1119:Imperial Camel Corps
1017:garrisons back into
390:Hareira & Sheria
213:420 + and 3 aircraft
197:Imperial Camel Corps
1547: /
1322:Gullett 1941 p. 247
931:North-West Frontier
564:Afulah & Beisan
52:13â21 February 1917
1418:Grant 1917 pp. 5â6
1409:Grant 1917 pp. 4â5
1400:Grant 1917 pp. 3â4
1334:Cutlack 1941 p. 54
1310:Cutlack 1941 p. 53
1148:
1103:Royal Flying Corps
1067:
1050:
832:Hejaz & Levant
523:Northern Palestine
332:Southern Palestine
1577:Conflicts in 1917
1089:officer and four
988:
987:
856:South West Africa
694:
693:
233:
232:
76:
75:
1649:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1552:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1528:
1509:
1492:
1473:
1467:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1448:on 21 March 2011
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1407:
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1247:
1228:
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1219:
1216:
732:
721:
714:
707:
698:
697:
613:Jisr Benat Yakub
410:Junction Station
271:
269:
259:
252:
245:
236:
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177:
176:
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46:
45:
38:
18:
17:
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1538:
1536:
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1533:
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1465:
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1436:
1431:
1427:Grant 1917 p. 6
1426:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1408:
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1399:
1395:
1391:Grant 1917 p. 4
1390:
1386:
1382:Grant 1917 p. 3
1381:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1356:
1352:Grant 1917 p. 2
1351:
1347:
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1326:
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1309:
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1301:Grant 1917 p. 1
1300:
1293:
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1241:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1191:
1174:
1140:
1065:Sinai Peninsula
1059:
1042:
1011:Sinai Peninsula
991:
990:
989:
984:
733:
727:
725:
695:
690:
505:3rd Transjordan
495:2nd Transjordan
478:1st Transjordan
272:
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203:
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134:
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1551:29.9°N 33.75°E
1530:
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1458:
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1200:Battle of Rafa
1197:
1190:
1187:
1173:
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1139:
1136:
1087:Royal Engineer
1058:
1055:
1041:
1038:
1026:Ottoman Empire
986:
985:
983:
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842:Central Arabia
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635:Northern Syria
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510:Jisr ed Damieh
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156:Ottoman Empire
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141:United Kingdom
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96:British Empire
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1582:1917 in Egypt
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1046:
1037:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
995:Raid on Nekhl
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
965:Mediterranean
963:
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21:Raid on Nekhl
19:
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1450:. Retrieved
1446:the original
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1165:Heliographic
1161:
1157:
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1124:
1116:
1084:
1068:
1051:
1034:
1023:
1015:Ottoman Army
994:
992:
936:Central Asia
909:Asia-Pacific
883:North Africa
861:South Africa
837:South Arabia
728:Theatres of
445:Judean Hills
405:Mughar Ridge
395:Wadi el Hesi
363:Buggar Ridge
320:
86:
81:Belligerents
26:Part of the
1556:29.9; 33.75
1554: /
1111:58th Rifles
1091:other ranks
1003:World War I
878:East Africa
822:Mesopotamia
800:Middle East
730:World War I
654:Arab Revolt
462:Transjordan
425:Nebi Samwil
1571:Categories
1452:19 January
1434:References
1040:Background
975:Baltic Sea
926:New Guinea
895:Somaliland
628:Khan Ayash
500:Abu Tellul
451:Tell 'Asur
311:Bir el Abd
286:Suez Canal
195:No. 9 Coy
1525:220900153
1506:610273484
1489:220900299
1235:Citations
1206:Footnotes
1172:Aftermath
1159:escaped.
1019:Palestine
970:Black Sea
955:North Sea
812:Gallipoli
786:Macedonia
686:Wadi Musa
554:2nd Arara
515:2nd Amman
488:1st Amman
420:Jerusalem
415:Ayun Kara
380:Khuweilfe
375:Beersheba
111:Australia
1189:See also
1107:yeomanry
960:Atlantic
916:Tsingtao
900:Ethiopia
873:Cameroon
868:Togoland
807:Caucasus
603:Damascus
584:Tiberias
559:Nazareth
385:3rd Gaza
348:2nd Gaza
343:1st Gaza
316:Magdhaba
208:Strength
178:W. Grant
59:Location
1542:33°45âēE
1539:29°54âēN
1128:Bedouin
1057:Prelude
776:Balkans
764:Finland
759:Romania
645:Haritan
544:Tulkarm
534:Megiddo
468:Jericho
435:El Burj
296:Jifjafa
181:Unknown
1523:
1504:
1487:
1101:, one
1093:, one
950:U-boat
849:Africa
827:Persia
791:Greece
781:Serbia
742:Europe
666:Medina
640:Aleppo
618:Kaukab
591:Nablus
579:Samakh
549:Tabsor
539:Sharon
306:Romani
291:El Tor
138:
123:
108:
93:
69:Result
1466:(PDF)
1132:Arish
1071:Nekhl
921:Samoa
888:Libya
771:Italy
681:Aqaba
676:Yanbu
661:Mecca
623:Kiswe
608:Irbid
597:Syria
574:Haifa
569:Jenin
529:Arsuf
483:Hijla
430:Jaffa
321:Nekhl
301:Katia
280:Sinai
126:India
1521:OCLC
1502:OCLC
1485:OCLC
1454:2013
1138:Raid
993:The
671:Taif
338:Rafa
226:None
49:Date
1001:of
400:Huj
1573::
1468:.
1375:^
1327:^
1315:^
1294:^
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1268:^
1254:^
1242:^
1021:.
1005:.
1527:.
1508:.
1491:.
1456:.
720:e
713:t
706:v
258:e
251:t
244:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
