453:
414:
1684:
59:
45:
135:
428:
1232:
1909:
2794:
were to be resettled beyond the Urals to make room for German colonists. In fact Hitler was unable to inspire many
Germans to colonize Ukraine. Despite ambitious plans only a few villages were cleared of their Ukrainian inhabitants and populated with Germans (both groups were resettled under duress). Those experiments were profoundly resented by the local population, which saw them as portents of German postwar intentions. Resettlement was also prevented by the German retreat and then by the formal liquidation of the RKU on 10 November 1944.
521:
2284:, initially had direct authority over any SS formations in Ukraine to order "Security Operations", but soon lost it – especially after the summer of 1942 when he tried to regain control over policing in Ukraine by gaining authority for the collection of the harvest, and failed miserably, in large part because Koch withheld cooperation. In Ukraine, Himmler soon became the voice of relative moderation, hoping that an improvement in the Ukrainians' living conditions would encourage greater numbers of them to join the
1901:
2331:
2187:
the urban population as 5,373,553 and the rural population as 23,669,381 – a total of 29,042,934, however the borders of the administrative region of the Soviet
Ukrainian SSR were noticeably different from those of the Reichskommissariat. In 1939, a new census reported the Ukrainian urban population as 11,195,620 and rural population as 19,764,601 – a total of 30,960,221. The Ukrainian Soviets counted 17% of total Soviet population, and a significant portion was also separately
2619:" farmers in the region after the war, along with the empowerment of some ethnic Germans in the territory. Ukraine was the furthest eastern settlement of the migrating ancient Goths between the 2nd and 4th centuries and subsequently, according to Hitler, "Only German should be spoken here". The sending of Dutch settlers was charged to the "Nederlandsche Oost-Compagnie", a Dutch-German Company dedicated to encourage the colonization of the east by Dutch citizens.
2311:
2321:
2341:
1029:
2510:
2388:
2205:
1503:
1244:
1364:, and Koch and Lohse in the field. Rosenberg at least managed to be appointed Reichsleiter ("Reich leader") of the new arbeitsbereich. Rosenberg later attempted to take such political power into the political section of the ministry to keep all party issues in his control, and prohibited the creation of organizations and any political activity in the East without his express authorization.
92:
2163:
as he saw fit. He thereby enjoyed complete autonomy, verging on independence, from Koch's authority. Frauenfeld's administration was much more moderate than Koch's and consequentially more economically successful. Koch was greatly angered by
Fraunfeld's insubordination (a comparable situation also existed in the administrative relationship between the Estonian general commissariat and
2604:, who was chosen by Adolf Hitler to rule Ukraine, made the point about the inferiority of Ukrainians with a certain simplicity: "Even if I find a Ukrainian who is worthy of sitting at my table, I must have him shot" and "remember that the lowliest German worker is racially and biologically a thousand times more valuable than the population here, which is more distinct from
2567:, by their own "Gemeindwirtschaften" (German Communal Farms), the installation of state enterprise "Landbewirstschaftungsgessellschaft Ukraine M.b.H." for managing the new German state farms and cooperatives, and the foundation of numerous "Kombines" (Great German exploitation Monopolies) with government or private capital in the territory, to exploit the resources and
112:
104:
97:
122:
120:
123:
121:
103:
109:
119:
118:
110:
113:
105:
102:
2506:
junior staff. Thus the East
Ministry was managed by personal criteria and particular interests over official orders. Additionally, they failed to maintain the "Political Section" at an equal level with more specialized departments (Economy, Works, Farms, etc.) because political considerations clashed with exploitation plans in the territory.
114:
99:
98:
96:
93:
117:
111:
95:
115:
108:
101:
100:
94:
116:
107:
106:
124:
2544:(the Reichskommissar of Ostland) in March 1942 to supply 380,000 farm workers and 247,000 industrial workers for German work needs. Later Koch was mentioned during the new year message of 1943, how he "recruited" 710,000 workers in Ukraine. This and subsequent "worker registration" drives in Ukraine would eventually backfire after the
1675:(Bishop Manuyil Tarnavsky) by decree of the Civil German Administration of limited religious liberty in Ukraine. The German Administration also allowed Archbishop Alexander of Pinsk and Polesia to maintain the religious authority he wielded before the war and the same permission was granted to Archbishop Alexander of Volhynia.
2162:
Only the first of these saw transfer to civil administration in
September 1942, with the peninsula remaining under military control for the duration of the war. Its administrator, Frauenfeld, played off the military and civil authorities against each other and gained the freedom to run the territory
2186:
The official German press, in 1941, reported the
Ukrainian urban and rural populations as 19 million each. During the commissariat's existence the Germans only undertook one official census, for January 1, 1943, documenting a population of 16,910,008 people. The 1926 Soviet official census recorded
1375:
and the SS's head of personnel, as
Rosenberg's deputy, a move which in theory would give Rosenberg control over SS forces in the occupied Soviet territories under civil administration in return for his support for the SS in its power struggles. The partnership between Rosenberg and Himmler achieved
2793:
A German colony, the RKU constituted an important part of Adolf Hitler's
Lebensraum and was completely deprived of autonomy or international status. Nazi plans called for the postwar unification of the RKU with the territory of the German Reich; most Ukrainians (considered unfit for Germanization)
2505:
The position of the
Eastern Affairs Ministry was weak because its department chiefs: (Economy, Work, Foods & Crops and Forest & Woods) held similar posts in other government departments (The Four-Year Plan, Eastern Economic Office, Foods and Farming Ministry, etc.) with other supplementary
1615:
The civil and criminal justice local administration, apart from the local SS and
Wehrmacht military justice branches, was staffed by "Parteien Chef", "Bailiffs", "Mayors", with the supervision of German "Schoffen" (Advisers) and "Schlichten" (Arbiters) with ample legal powers. The most important
1343:
for the new eastern occupied territories on 1 April 1942. This move had been bitterly resisted by both Rosenberg, who rightly feared that the transformation of the administration of the eastern territories from a state to a party bureaucracy would spell the effective end of the authority of his
1384:
organisations in their jurisdiction as a counterbalance to the SS. Given that many of the commissariat officials were active or reserve SA officers, the pre-existing grudge against the SS was resurrected by these measures and a poisoning of relations was guaranteed.
1955:" and "Mayors", accompanied by respective German political advisers if needed. In the most important areas, or where a German Army detachment remained, the local administration was always led by a German; in less significant areas local personnel was in charge.
91:
1352:, which had already been steadily losing ground since late September the previous year, when the commissariat government began establishing itself with local commissars asserting control over the police in their territories, hitherto controlled by the SS.
2548:(July–August 1943) when the Germans would attempt to build a defensive line along the Dnieper only to discover that the necessary manpower had been either recruited to forced labour in Germany or had gone underground to forestall such "recruitment".
2288:'s foreign divisions. Koch, appropriately nicknamed the "hangman of Ukraine", was contemptuous of Himmler's efforts. In this matter Koch had the support of Hitler, who remained skeptical when not hostile to the idea of recruiting
3320:
1323:(master race) having a right to expand their territory especially in the East were widely spread among the German public and Nazi officials of various ranks. Later on, in 1943, Erich Koch said about his mission: "We are a
3918:
4484:
2476:
had the role of "General Plenipotentiary for Labour Deployment" (Generalbevollmächtigter für den Arbeitseinsatz), charged with recruiting manpower for Germany throughout Europe, though in Ukraine Koch insisted that
1376:
nothing other than the exasperation of each other beyond endurance and Berger soon withdrew all cooperation. Koch and Lohse thereafter gradually reduced communication with Rosenberg, liaising with Hitler through
3923:
3948:
3313:
2498:" and "Generalverkehrsdirektion Osten" (the railway administration in the eastern territories). These German central government interventions in the affairs of the East Affairs by ministries were known as
3953:
3933:
3306:
2265:
The Wehrmacht came under pressure for political reasons to gradually restore private property in zones under military control and to accept local volunteer recruits into their units and into the
3958:
4036:
3913:
2634:
and Dnipro. The archives of the Soviet census in 1926 counted them as 393,924 persons. The Soviets counted ethnic Germans in all Russia at 1,423,534, or 1% of the total population in 1939.
3943:
90:
1348:, who rightly feared that an arbeitsbereich's establishment would be accompanied by the commissars becoming RVKs (commissars for war) and thus enormously empowered at the expense of the
2517:
in German). The karbovanets replaced the Soviet rouble at par and was in circulation between 1942 and 1945. It was pegged to the Reichsmark at a rate of 10 karbovantsiv = 1 Reichsmark.
5325:
4444:
4263:
4168:
1219:
and 3 to 4 million non-Jewish Ukrainians were killed during the occupation; other sources estimate that 5.2 million Ukrainian civilians (of all ethnic groups) perished due to
1590:..." ( translat.: The Reich's Commissioners are subordinated under the Reich's minister for the occupied eastern territories and receive only orders from him) was the "
4459:
5335:
5320:
5310:
4294:
3871:
3732:
3722:
3687:
1889:
5355:
4026:
1277:. On the same day, Hitler announced that the region would be under civil administration from noon on 1 September and delineated the boundaries of the region.
4329:
3712:
867:
3717:
3707:
3201:
3053:
314:
5350:
3697:
3692:
1703:
1285:
1131:
2742:
882:
3054:"Timothy Snyder Quote: 'Erich Koch, chosen by Hitler to rule Ukraine, made the point about the inferiority of Ukrainians with a certain simplici... '"
4403:
3682:
3561:
2715:
and gunfire. Because the German military lacked sufficient material for this operation it wasn't carried out, after which the Nazi planners instead
4546:
4198:
2574:
Hitler said "Ukraine and the East lands would produce 7 million, or more likely 10 or 12 million tonnes of grain to provide Germany's food needs".
2491:
Ost Branch operated from Kyiv. Other members of the German administration in Ukraine included Generalkommissar Leyser and Gebietkommissar Steudel.
1388:
On 28 July 1944, the Soviet army occupied the last part of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine, known as Brest. RKU was liquidated on 10 November 1944.
2122:
3276:
930:
58:
4915:
4070:
3571:
1327:, which must remember that the lowliest German worker is racially and biologically a thousand times more valuable than the population here."
1154:. The administration's tasks included the pacification of the region and the exploitation, for German benefit, of its resources and people.
4541:
1057:
2778:
1643:
became the temporary administrator of church lands in the German-occupied Ukraine and he was granted the title of Archbishop of Lutsk and
4607:
3158:
2409:
2226:
1524:
5345:
5269:
3197:
4840:
4093:
2303:
Sleeve badges of battalions of the so-called «Ukrainian Hilfspolizei» in the German Ordnungspolizei of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine
1208:
975:
857:
5305:
4570:
4105:
3339:
2980:
3205:
2460:, had previously worked as a consul with experience in the Soviet Union. Economic affairs remained under the direct management of
5340:
4334:
4314:
4238:
3938:
1640:
44:
4055:
2657:
encouraged recruitment to the Wehrmacht or service in the civil administration in the territory, amongst other special measures.
4309:
4304:
4183:
4013:
2270:
1594:" decree for the administration of the new eastern territories, the Reichskommissars reported to the Eastern Affairs Ministry.
877:
134:
4031:
2876:
Michael Berenbaum (ed.), A Mosaic of Victims: Non-Jews Persecuted and Murdered by the Nazis, New York University Press, 1990;
1587:
Die Reichskommissare unterstehen dem Reichsminister für die besetzen Ostgebiete und erhalten ausschliesslich von ihm Weisungen
1330:
On 14 December 1941, Rosenberg discussed with Hitler various administrative issues regarding the Reichskommissariat Ukraine.
4060:
4050:
3928:
2932:
2448:
In the civil administration of the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories numerous technical staff worked under
1315:" (living space) for the fulfilment of the material needs of the Germanic people. Ideological declarations about the German
5365:
4258:
4148:
4098:
1000:
812:
433:
4344:
5295:
5145:
4370:
4193:
3808:
2719:
the city's inhabitants. Heinrich Himmler on the other hand considered Kyiv to be "an ancient German city" because of the
2188:
1951:" in the General Government). At the same time at a smaller scale, the local Municipalities were administered by native "
1289:
1115:
847:
827:
1303:" state, would remove a threat from Germany's eastern borders and allow for the colonization of the vast territories of
3289:
2053:
Scheduled for incorporation into the Reichskommissariat Ukraine but never transferred to civil administration were the
1005:
985:
925:
697:
4730:
3876:
3727:
1947:). At the level below were German or Ukrainian "Akademiker" ("Academics" – i.e., District Chiefs) (similar to Polish "
1924:(general commissariats) in the pre-Barbarossa planning. This administrative structure was in turn subdivided into 114
1367:
Hoping that by joining forces they might regain some influence, Himmler and Rosenberg decided upon the appointment of
4339:
4065:
3260:
3241:
2897:
2881:
2861:
2435:
2252:
1550:
897:
652:
4531:
2417:
2234:
1532:
5315:
5300:
4248:
3362:
1050:
1015:
1010:
772:
4044:
3298:
4600:
4253:
4223:
2453:
912:
642:
3545:
2456:, now chief of the political section in the Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories. Leibbrandt's deputy,
385:
5198:
4408:
4233:
4178:
3510:
3076:
2413:
2230:
1848:
1528:
990:
822:
537:
1216:
64:
5089:
4998:
4289:
4284:
3905:
3793:
3604:
1683:
1263:
980:
939:
817:
3866:
2851:
5330:
5109:
5053:
4454:
4449:
4439:
4349:
4158:
4153:
4128:
4021:
2495:
947:
722:
5229:
5119:
4805:
4413:
4324:
3624:
2711:
On 12 August 1941 Hitler ordered the complete destruction of the Ukrainian capital of Kyiv by the use of
2110:
1043:
995:
952:
500:
4800:
2131:
remained ambiguous. According to the original German plan it was to correspond approximately to the old
5215:
5114:
4987:
4657:
4593:
4418:
4143:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3747:
3657:
2164:
807:
5104:
5068:
4354:
4040:
802:
795:
872:
5274:
5166:
5140:
4992:
4925:
4672:
4647:
4642:
4616:
4138:
3565:
3475:
3460:
2398:
2215:
1731:
1513:
667:
1223:, war-related disease, and famine amounting to more than 12% of Ukraine's population at the time.
4677:
4667:
4662:
4652:
4243:
4188:
4163:
2402:
2219:
1517:
1220:
692:
4775:
2668:
During the occupation a very small number of cities and their accompanying districts maintained
2555:
New Order" in Ukraine, ordering the confiscation of Soviet state properties to establish German
2023:
1828:
1400:, and included some territories outside of its modern borders. It extended in the west from the
3894:
3495:
1783:
1609:
1127:
842:
207:
3122:
3039:Музичук С. країнські військові нарукавні емблеми під час Другої світової війни 1939-45 рр. //
2109:. In addition, Reichskommissar Koch had wishes of further extending his Reichskommissariat to
1740:
Ernst Ludwig Leyser, Generalkommissar for Generalbezirk Shitomir (October 1942 – October 1943)
1164:
decree defining the administration of the newly-occupied Eastern territories on 17 July 1941.
5250:
5035:
4977:
4820:
4075:
3637:
3609:
2811:
Decree of the Fuehrer concerning the administration of the newly-occupied Eastern territories
2755:
1758:
Claus Selzner, Generalkommissar for Generalbezirk Dnepropetrowsk (September 1941 – June 1944)
1425:
530:
1977:) – headed by SA-Brigadeführer Helmut Quitzrau (till February 14, 1942), then SA-Oberführer
5188:
5063:
5045:
4972:
4935:
4790:
4567:
4526:
4489:
4218:
3999:
3652:
3614:
3535:
3530:
3450:
1832:
1807:
1255:
1231:
717:
707:
637:
278:
50:
3632:
3162:
2832:
2637:
The administration took measures to protect Germans in the area who were entered on their
2011:
1958:
The six general districts were (English names and administrative centres in parentheses):
1916:
The Reichskommissariat's administrative capital was at Rivne, and it was divided into six
1818:
1635:
introduced reforms in Ukraine allowing limited religious liberty. In January 1942, Bishop
8:
5172:
4765:
4760:
4740:
4299:
3826:
3737:
3642:
3430:
3415:
3405:
3286:
2132:
1877:
1855:
1799:
1743:
Helmut Quitzrau, Generalkommissar for Generalbezirk Kiev (September 1941 – February 1942)
1455:
1372:
922:
782:
685:
587:
582:
2678:(Himmler's field headquarters and the location of a small, experimental German colony),
1608:
The German administration gave the role of "Chief of Ukrainian Principal Commission" to
5236:
5124:
5028:
5018:
4883:
4386:
3983:
3818:
3702:
3647:
3455:
3395:
3230:
2646:
1777:
1451:
1428:
in the east. Conquered territories further to the east, including the rest of Ukraine (
1139:
892:
742:
577:
509:
220:
192:
150:
3831:
3215:; Toynbee, Veronica; et al. (1954), "Ukraine, under German Occupation, 1941–44",
2277:
1207:
of the German state. The Nazi extermination policy in Ukraine, with the help of local
5360:
5222:
5160:
4735:
4494:
3520:
3445:
3256:
3237:
3225:
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2893:
2877:
2857:
2680:
2674:
2488:
2171:
2155:
2047:
1866:
1821:
1737:
Kurt Klemm, Generalkommissar for Generalbezirk Shitomir (October 1941 – October 1942)
1636:
1573:
was personally nominated by the Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern Territories,
1300:
907:
767:
732:
727:
622:
557:
79:
3400:
3143:
Territoriale Veränderungen in Deutschland und deutsch verwalteten Gebieten 1874–1945
2672:
names. These cities were designated as urban strongholds for Volksdeutsche natives.
2461:
2457:
1908:
1714:
1678:
5094:
4982:
4920:
4873:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4830:
4815:
4715:
4562:
3440:
3410:
3328:
3146:
2720:
2712:
2616:
2534:
2449:
2281:
2135:(therefore including also mainland portions of Ukraine), and was to consist of two
1978:
1967:
1793:
1746:
1708:
1691:
1574:
1433:
1353:
1345:
1281:
1135:
1119:
902:
711:
701:
600:
567:
547:
197:
2105:), which would have brought the boundary of the province to the western border of
1882:
1863:
5243:
5155:
5150:
4878:
4795:
4228:
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3836:
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3354:
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2737:
2669:
2583:
2556:
2545:
2465:
1873:
1789:
1722:
1602:
1470:
1447:
1356:
and Rosenberg's rearguard resistance soon collapsed in the face of pressure from
1292:
territory from military to civil administration took place on 1 September 1941.
1274:
1204:
1149:
970:
832:
737:
672:
542:
520:
231:
202:
182:
4825:
4133:
1581:" for the direction of future administrators of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine.
5073:
4967:
4899:
4868:
4848:
4770:
4745:
4720:
4268:
4203:
3841:
3662:
2469:
2008:
1900:
1437:
1381:
1377:
1368:
1357:
1304:
1033:
837:
752:
632:
2892:
Vadim Erlikman. Poteri narodonaseleniia v XX veke: spravochnik. Moscow, 2004.
2661:
In Ukraine, the Germans published a local journal in the German language, the
1269:
On 20 August, Hitler established the Reichskommissariat Ukraine and appointed
5289:
5193:
5099:
5040:
4940:
4930:
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4710:
4705:
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confine himself to setting requirements, leaving the actual "recruitment" of
2478:
2473:
2175:
2090:
1885:
1660:
1570:
1474:
1349:
1212:
1196:
1168:
935:
757:
747:
617:
446:
419:
2170:
The district's title was a misnomer, it only included the area north of the
5058:
4810:
4755:
4585:
4173:
3540:
3385:
3330:
2631:
2522:
2483:
2148:
1944:
1767:
1672:
1413:
1296:
1259:
1251:
1172:
1155:
1123:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1094:
852:
657:
264:
224:
156:
2330:
4700:
4479:
3500:
3435:
3114:
2748:
2716:
2704:
2597:
2552:
2540:
The Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories ordered Koch and
1763:
1380:
and the party chancellery. Both also made a point of establishing strong
1324:
1236:
1188:
762:
4213:
4785:
4750:
4725:
4521:
3505:
3490:
3390:
2686:
2654:
the creation of special German resident zones in Dnipro and other areas
2605:
2601:
2587:
2526:
2106:
2094:
1755:
Heinrich Schoene, Generalkommissar for Generalbezirk Wolhynien-Podolien
1726:
1687:
1648:
1617:
1334:
1318:
1310:
1299:
and other German expansionists, the destruction of the USSR, dubbed a "
1270:
1200:
1176:
1143:
917:
607:
572:
552:
250:
3091:
Wendy Lower, Nazi Empire-Building and the Holocaust in Ukraine, p. 161
2521:
The Reichskommissariat Ukraine paid Occupation taxes and funds to the
2320:
2310:
3587:
3420:
3380:
2691:
2591:
2509:
2340:
2293:
2285:
2266:
2058:
2044:
2040:
1632:
1409:
1396:
The Reichskommissariat Ukraine excluded several parts of present-day
1192:
862:
2387:
2204:
1970:
Kurt Klemm, then by SS-Brigadeführer Ernst Ludwig Leyser (from 1942)
1935:
Each "Generalbezirk" was administered by a "Generalkommissar"; each
1778:
Military commanders linked with the German administration of Ukraine
1591:
1502:
1247:
Nazi propaganda poster in Ukrainian that says "Hitler the Liberator"
1243:
5023:
4536:
3480:
2732:
2627:
2144:
2082:
1996:
1985:
1963:
1952:
1652:
1401:
1180:
777:
662:
16:
Civilian-administered region of German-occupied Ukraine during WWII
1288:, it became a separate German civil entity. The first transfer of
2612:
2564:
2560:
2102:
2074:
2066:
2036:
2000:
1679:
Political figures related to the German administration of Ukraine
1656:
1466:
1462:
1421:
1397:
647:
627:
612:
562:
484:
474:
1948:
1749:, Generalkommissar for Generalbezirk Kiev (February 1942 – 1944)
3968:
3069:
The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany
2596:
According to the Nazis, both Jewish and Slavic Ukrainians were
2568:
2032:
2018:
1943:"party" was governed by a Ukrainian or German "Parteien Chef" (
1668:
1625:
1486:
1441:
1429:
1361:
479:
3232:
Harvest of Despair: Life and Death in Ukraine Under Nazi Rule
2977:
Harvest of despair: life and death in Ukraine under Nazi rule
2289:
2004:
1841:
1811:
1752:
Ewald Oppermann, Generalkommissar for Generalbezirk Nikolajev
1664:
1644:
1621:
1598:
1482:
1478:
1405:
1091:
171:
2269:, as promoted by local Ukrainian nationalist organizations,
1616:
cases or situations which affected "natural rights" of any "
3277:
Officials of the Ostministerium and the Reichskommissariats
3145:. 23 February 2010. (In German). Retrieved 10 August 2010.
2298:
1989:
1974:
1695:
1485:. This was done by the Germans in order to secure a steady
1417:
166:
1939:"circular area" was led by a "Gebietskommissar" and each
1203:
minorities. It was a key subject of Nazi planning for the
3121:, pp. 162–181. University of North Carolina Press, 2005.
2600:
and therefore only fit for enslavement or extermination.
2273:, whilst receiving political support from the Wehrmacht.
1454:
following a Hitler decree, becoming its fifth district, (
1184:
5326:
Military history of the Soviet Union during World War II
2525:
until February 1944 in the amount of 1.246 billion
2953:
About Discussions with the Fuehrer on 14 December 1941
2773:
2771:
2651:
permission to return to visit parents in the motherland
2611:
The regime was planning to encourage the settlement of
2529:(equivalent to €5 billion 2021) and 107.9 million
2292:
in general and Soviet nationals in particular into the
2143:
Taurien (the mainland sections, including parts of the
1461:
It also encompassed several southern parts of today's
1239:
of Ukraine during Operation Barbarossa on 22 June 1941
3253:
Hitler's War Aims: The Establishment of the New Order
3206:
Bibliography of Ukrainian history § World War II
868:
Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
3202:
Bibliography of the Soviet Union during World War II
2768:
2559:
properties. Additionally the replacement of Russian
1579:
Instruktion für einen Reichskommissar in der Ukraine
3219:, London: Oxford University Press, pp. 316–337
2645:the return of their land and property prior to the
1704:
Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern Territories
1286:
Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories
1132:
Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories
1110:. It was the civilian occupation regime of much of
3229:
2955:. The Avalon Project at Yale Law School. 1996–2007
2813:. The Avalon Project at Yale Law School. 1996–2007
2743:Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
3817:
3119:Nazi empire-building and the Holocaust in Ukraine
2494:The Ministry of Transport had direct control of "
1734:, Generalkommissar for Generalbezirk Krim-Taurien
1597:The capital of this German administration was in
1489:and efficient railroad and water transportation.
1473:with forests and marshes, as well as the city of
1444:), were under military governance until 1943–44.
5287:
2830:
5336:Military history of Ukraine during World War II
5321:Military history of Germany during World War II
5311:German occupation of Poland during World War II
2123:German occupation of Crimea during World War II
3211:
1235:German soldiers crossing the Soviet border in
1215:and other Nazi mass killings: it is estimated
1211:, ended the lives of millions of civilians in
1138:. Between September 1941 and August 1944, the
5356:States and territories disestablished in 1944
4601:
3314:
1831:(October 1941 – 1944; from October 1943 also
1416:river in the south, to the areas surrounding
1051:
4615:
4384:
3585:
3360:
3352:
3017:
3015:
2856:. University of Toronto Press. p. 633.
1585:
1564:
1338:
1316:
1308:
1159:
1147:
312:
148:
25:
4960:
3181:
3179:
2416:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2233:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1895:
1531:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1081:
5351:States and territories established in 1941
5270:History of the Jews in Carpathian Ruthenia
4608:
4594:
3321:
3307:
3198:Bibliography of Poland during World War II
2994:Deutschen Herrschaft in Russland 1941–1945
2641:racial list. They received special rights
2454:foreign political office in the Nazi Party
2452:, former chief of the east section of the
2028:('party commander in chief') Claus Selzner
1167:Before the German invasion, Ukraine was a
1058:
1044:
133:
3012:
2533:, in accord with information composed by
2436:Learn how and when to remove this message
2253:Learn how and when to remove this message
1840:Höherer SS- und Polizeiführer Black Sea (
1551:Learn how and when to remove this message
354:340,000 km (130,000 sq mi)
3255:, New York: W. W. Norton & Company,
3224:
3176:
3101:
3099:
3097:
2981:President and Fellows of Harvard College
2508:
2377:
2127:The administrative position of the Krim
1907:
1899:
1682:
1344:ministry (which was a state organ), and
1262:on 22 June 1941 in breach of the mutual
1242:
1230:
1118:(it also included adjacent areas of the
5199:Extraordinary (Soviet) State Commission
2849:
1641:Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church
5288:
3976:
3801:
3597:
3373:
3156:
3066:
2723:that it had acquired centuries prior.
2513:Banknotes denominated in karbovanets (
1450:was transferred to the control of the
878:Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
301:• Implement civil administration
4916:Ukrainian Righteous Among the Nations
4589:
3302:
3094:
3007:Germany and the Second World War V/II
3005:Kroener, Müller & Umbreit (2003)
2971:
2969:
2927:. William Shirer. 2011. p. 939.
2622:The German civil administration met "
3250:
2925:The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich
2917:
2577:
2414:adding citations to reliable sources
2381:
2231:adding citations to reliable sources
2198:
1529:adding citations to reliable sources
1496:
434:Ukrainian national government (1941)
5146:Ivanhorod Einsatzgruppen photograph
3236:, Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press,
2824:
1469:, a large area to the north of the
1333:Hitler decreed the creation of the
13:
3191:
2966:
2941:
2537:, the Reich Minister of Finances.
1992:-Obergruppenführer Ewald Oppermann
1912:General District of Crimea in 1942
1904:Administrative map, September 1942
1802:Karl Kitzinger (from October 1942)
139:Reichskommissariat Ukraine in 1942
14:
5377:
5346:1944 disestablishments in Ukraine
3756:Friesland, Groningen, and Drenthe
3270:
3067:Shirer, William Lawrence (1990).
2551:Alfred Rosenberg implemented an "
1492:
898:Post-Soviet transition in Ukraine
4244:Serbia (Commissioner Government)
3283: (archived October 29, 2009)
3161:. Territorial.de. Archived from
2949:"Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression"
2833:"Civil Wars in the Soviet Union"
2807:"Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression"
2386:
2339:
2329:
2319:
2309:
2203:
2055:Generalkommissariate Tschernigow
1772:SS Sonderkommando Dr Karl Stumpp
1501:
1027:
828:West Ukrainian People's Republic
773:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
519:
451:
426:
412:
88:
57:
43:
5306:Nazi colonies in Eastern Europe
4224:Norway (Administrative Council)
3159:"Generalbezirk Dnjepropetrowsk"
3150:
3135:
3126:
3108:
3085:
3060:
3046:
3033:
3024:
2999:
2986:
2684:(also a Volksdeutsche colony),
2181:
2116:
5341:1941 establishments in Ukraine
2903:
2886:
2870:
2843:
2799:
1849:Ludolf-Hermann von Alvensleben
1833:Höchster SS- und Polizeiführer
1340:Arbeitsbereich Osten der NSDAP
698:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
653:Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'
1:
5090:Bogdanovka concentration camp
4249:Serbia (Council of Ministers)
3043:, 2004. — ч. 33. — с. 9 – 11.
2850:Magocsi, Paul Robert (1996).
2783:www.encyclopediaofukraine.com
2762:
1858:(December 1943 – August 1944)
1808:Höherer SS- und Polizeiführer
1667:(Bishop Sylvester Hayevsky),
1647:. He also had authority over
1577:. His ministry produced the "
818:Ukrainian War of Independence
5110:Vapniarka concentration camp
4022:Army Group Rear Area Command
3329:Administrative divisions in
2996:, p. 67 (in German). Droste.
2779:"Reichskommissariat Ukraine"
2487:to Koch and his brutes. The
2280:and chief of German Police,
1920:(general districts), called
1655:(Bishop Hryhorij Ohijchuk),
1612:, an early local supporter.
1391:
813:Ukraine after the Revolution
7:
5366:German military occupations
5230:She Paid the Ultimate Price
5120:Janowska concentration camp
4638:Related articles by country
4404:Belgium and Northern France
4027:Belgium and Northern France
2975:Berkhoff, Karel C. (2004).
2726:
2608:genealogy than Leningrad."
2502:(special administrations).
2194:
1217:900,000 to 1.6 million Jews
953:Russian invasion of Ukraine
913:Russia–Ukraine gas disputes
823:Ukrainian People's Republic
538:Trypillian–Cucuteni culture
315:Generalbezirk Weißruthenien
10:
5382:
5296:Reichskommissariat Ukraine
5216:Luboml: My Heart Remembers
5115:Pechora concentration camp
4999:Ukrainian People's Militia
4988:Ukrainian Auxiliary Police
3906:Civil Administration Areas
3511:Southern Hanover–Brunswick
3195:
2992:Dallin, Alexander (1958).
2581:
2165:Reichskommissariat Ostland
2120:
1620:" subject were managed in
1226:
1130:). It was governed by the
1073:Reichskommissariat Ukraine
888:Reichskommissariat Ukraine
858:Communist Party of Ukraine
808:Ukraine during World War I
27:Reichskommissariat Ukraine
5260:
5207:
5181:
5133:
5105:Syrets concentration camp
5082:
5069:Pripyat Marshes massacres
5011:
4953:
4908:
4892:
4839:
4693:
4686:
4623:
4555:
4514:
4507:
4472:
4432:
4396:
4383:
4363:
4277:
4121:
4114:
4086:
4012:
3992:
3967:
3904:
3893:
3859:
3792:
3776:North Brabant and Limburg
3771:South Holland and Zeeland
3766:North Holland and Utrecht
3761:Gelderland and Overijssel
3746:
3675:
3623:
3584:
3554:
3351:
3338:
2911:Führer-Erlasse" 1939–1945
2831:Alfred J. Rieber (2003).
2301:
803:Modern history of Ukraine
467:
391:
381:
377:
367:
363:
358:
348:
343:
339:
326:
311:• Remainder part of
309:
299:
289:
274:
270:
260:
256:
244:
240:
230:
216:
178:
162:
144:
132:
85:("The Horst Wessel Song")
73:
39:
34:
23:
5275:Transnistria Governorate
5167:The Last Jew in Vinnitsa
4993:Ukrainian Insurgent Army
4926:Hermann Friedrich Graebe
4801:Karl Eberhard Schöngarth
4617:The Holocaust in Ukraine
4014:Military administrations
3546:Württemberg-Hohenzollern
2838:. pp. 133, 145–147.
1995:Wolhynien und Podolien (
1981:(from February 14, 1942)
1896:Administrative divisions
1732:Alfred Eduard Frauenfeld
1264:Treaty of Non-Aggression
668:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
663:Principality of Moldavia
5316:Belarus in World War II
5301:Ukraine in World War II
2663:Deutsche Ukrainezeitung
2271:the OUN-B and the OUN-M
1928:, and further into 443
1851:(October–December 1943)
1221:crimes against humanity
1209:Ukrainian collaborators
873:Ukraine in World War II
330:Formal disestablishment
4385:
4115:Puppet administrations
3919:Carinthia and Carniola
3586:
3361:
3353:
3333:and German occupations
3287:Map of Occupied Europe
3185:Berkhoff, pp. 164–165.
2626:" (ethnic Germans) in
2518:
2472:). From 21 March 1942
1913:
1905:
1784:Wehrmachtsbefehlshaber
1698:
1610:Wolodomyr Kubijowytsch
1586:
1565:
1412:to Mykolaiv along the
1371:, Himmler's political
1339:
1317:
1309:
1280:Originally subject to
1248:
1240:
1160:
1148:
1128:Second Polish Republic
843:Directorate of Ukraine
313:
149:
26:
5251:Word of the Righteous
5036:Bila Tserkva massacre
4978:Police Regiment South
4821:Hans Graf von Sponeck
3566:Reichsfestung Belgrad
3251:Rich, Norman (1974),
2756:Word of the Righteous
2721:Magdeburg city rights
2582:Further information:
2512:
2378:Economic exploitation
1911:
1903:
1854:SS-Obergruppenführer
1827:SS-Obergruppenführer
1686:
1569:'Secretary of State'
1307:under the banner of "
1246:
1234:
1102:) was established by
179:Common languages
5189:Einsatzgruppen trial
4973:Nachtigall Battalion
4936:Klymentiy Sheptytsky
4791:Walter von Reichenau
4776:Hans-Adolf Prützmann
4568:Strength Through Joy
4527:Weather Station Kurt
4229:Norway (Quisling II)
3476:Munich–Upper Bavaria
3461:March of Brandenburg
3030:Berkhoff, pp. 36-37.
2853:A History of Ukraine
2708:were some of these.
2410:improve this section
2227:improve this section
1922:Generalkommissariate
1829:Hans-Adolf Prützmann
1796:(until October 1942)
1525:improve this section
1256:Operation Barbarossa
1169:constituent republic
1142:was administered by
718:Khmelnytsky Uprising
686:Early modern history
638:Principality of Kiev
279:Operation Barbarossa
5331:Holocaust locations
5173:Deutsche Volksliste
5054:Kamianets-Podilskyi
4766:Hans von Obstfelder
4761:Gustav Adolf Nosske
4741:Ernst Kaltenbrunner
4387:Reichskommissariats
4219:Norway (Quisling I)
4149:Chechnya-Ingushetia
3809:Bohemia and Moravia
3794:Partial annexations
3605:Danzig–West Prussia
3132:Lower 2005, p. 197.
2840:Slavica Publishers.
2189:occupied by Romania
2133:Taurida Governorate
1890:SS Division Galicia
1888:, commander of the
1878:SS Division Galicia
1876:, commander of the
1856:Richard Hildebrandt
1824:(June–October 1941)
1800:General der Flieger
1477:, and the towns of
1456:District of Galicia
1442:Donbas/Donets Basin
923:Russo-Ukrainian War
783:Carpathian Ruthenia
583:Chernyakhov culture
291:• Established
5237:The Lemberg Mosaic
4884:Petro Zakhvalynsky
4781:Paul Otto Radomski
3819:General Government
3496:Schleswig-Holstein
3226:Berkhoff, Karel C.
2527:ℛ︁ℳ︁
2519:
2500:Sonderverwaltungen
1968:Regierungpräsident
1914:
1906:
1770:and leader of the
1717:, Eastern Ministry
1711:, Eastern Ministry
1702:Alfred Rosenberg,
1699:
1452:General Government
1249:
1241:
1205:post-war expansion
1140:Reichskommissariat
1034:Ukraine portal
976:Historical regions
578:Zarubintsy culture
221:Reichskommissariat
151:Reichskommissariat
5283:
5282:
5223:No Place on Earth
5161:Sonderaktion 1005
5047:Durchgangsstrasse
5007:
5006:
4949:
4948:
4736:Friedrich Jeckeln
4583:
4582:
4579:
4578:
4503:
4502:
4473:Other occupations
4468:
4467:
4379:
4378:
4094:Adriatic Littoral
4087:Operational Zones
4008:
4007:
3889:
3888:
3885:
3884:
3855:
3854:
3788:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3671:
3670:
3580:
3579:
3071:. Fawcett Crest.
2934:978-1-4516-5168-3
2717:decided to starve
2647:Soviet Revolution
2578:German intentions
2489:Todt Organization
2446:
2445:
2438:
2375:
2374:
2371:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2263:
2262:
2255:
2172:Crimean peninsula
2156:Crimean peninsula
2139:(sub-districts):
2048:Alfred Frauenfeld
2017:Dnjepropetrowsk (
2012:Obergruppenführer
1872:SS-Gruppenführer
1867:Adolf von Bomhard
1847:SS-Gruppenführer
1835:(HöSSPF) Ukraine)
1822:Friedrich Jeckeln
1819:Obergruppenführer
1810:Southern Russia (
1637:Polikarp Sikorsky
1561:
1560:
1553:
1408:, to a line from
1068:
1067:
965:Topics by history
948:COVID-19 pandemic
908:Orange Revolution
883:Volhynia genocide
768:Habsburg monarchy
728:Cossack Hetmanate
493:
492:
463:
462:
459:
458:
439:
438:
246:• 1941–1944
125:
80:Horst-Wessel-Lied
5373:
5266:
5141:Graebe affidavit
5095:Drohobycz Ghetto
4983:Schutzmannschaft
4958:
4957:
4921:Aleksei Glagolev
4874:Hryhoriy Vasiura
4864:Vladimir Katriuk
4859:Anatoliy Kabayda
4854:Feodor Fedorenko
4831:Dieter Wisliceny
4816:Heinrich Seetzen
4731:Günther Herrmann
4716:Hermann Fegelein
4691:
4690:
4639:
4629:
4610:
4603:
4596:
4587:
4586:
4512:
4511:
4394:
4393:
4390:
4119:
4118:
4106:Alpine Foothills
3974:
3973:
3924:Gebiet Bialystok
3902:
3901:
3815:
3814:
3799:
3798:
3744:
3743:
3658:Tyrol–Vorarlberg
3621:
3620:
3595:
3594:
3591:
3536:Westphalia-South
3531:Westphalia-North
3451:Magdeburg-Anhalt
3371:
3370:
3366:
3358:
3349:
3348:
3323:
3316:
3309:
3300:
3299:
3265:
3246:
3235:
3220:
3186:
3183:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3154:
3148:
3139:
3133:
3130:
3124:
3112:
3106:
3103:
3092:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3050:
3044:
3037:
3031:
3028:
3022:
3021:Berkhoff, p. 39.
3019:
3010:
3003:
2997:
2990:
2984:
2973:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2921:
2915:
2914:
2907:
2901:
2890:
2884:
2874:
2868:
2867:
2847:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2818:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2775:
2713:incendiary bombs
2535:Lutz von Krosigk
2450:Georg Leibbrandt
2441:
2434:
2430:
2427:
2421:
2390:
2382:
2369:
2362:
2355:
2348:
2343:
2333:
2323:
2313:
2299:
2282:Heinrich Himmler
2258:
2251:
2247:
2244:
2238:
2207:
2199:
2024:Oberbefehlshaber
2014:Heinrich Schoene
1979:Waldemar Magunia
1883:SS-Brigadeführer
1869:, head of police
1864:SS-Gruppenführer
1844:Schwarzes Meer)
1794:Waldemar Henrici
1747:Waldemar Magunia
1709:Georg Leibbrandt
1692:Alfred Rosenberg
1589:
1575:Alfred Rosenberg
1568:
1556:
1549:
1545:
1542:
1536:
1505:
1497:
1346:Heinrich Himmler
1342:
1322:
1314:
1301:Judeo-Bolshevist
1290:Soviet Ukrainian
1282:Alfred Rosenberg
1163:
1153:
1136:Alfred Rosenberg
1120:Byelorussian SSR
1101:
1098:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1032:
1031:
1030:
996:Economic history
903:Cassette Scandal
708:Zaporozhian Host
702:Kiev Voivodeship
608:Early East Slavs
568:Bosporan Kingdom
548:Catacomb culture
523:
513:
495:
494:
455:
454:
443:
442:
430:
429:
416:
415:
409:
408:
393:
392:
335:10 November 1944
331:
322:25 February 1944
318:
305:1 September 1941
281:
187:
154:
137:
127:
126:
61:
47:
29:
21:
20:
5381:
5380:
5376:
5375:
5374:
5372:
5371:
5370:
5286:
5285:
5284:
5279:
5264:
5256:
5244:The White Hotel
5203:
5177:
5156:Generalplan Ost
5151:Katzmann Report
5129:
5125:Priest's Grotto
5078:
5064:Odessa massacre
5003:
4945:
4904:
4888:
4879:Petro Voinovsky
4835:
4796:Walter Schimana
4682:
4637:
4627:
4619:
4614:
4584:
4575:
4571:holiday resorts
4551:
4499:
4464:
4428:
4375:
4359:
4273:
4110:
4082:
4004:
3988:
3963:
3896:
3881:
3851:
3813:
3780:
3742:
3667:
3619:
3576:
3550:
3431:Halle-Merseburg
3416:Electoral Hesse
3406:Eastern Hanover
3343:
3341:
3334:
3327:
3281:Wayback Machine
3273:
3263:
3244:
3217:Hitler's Europe
3213:Toynbee, Arnold
3208:
3194:
3192:Further reading
3189:
3184:
3177:
3168:
3166:
3155:
3151:
3140:
3136:
3131:
3127:
3113:
3109:
3104:
3095:
3090:
3086:
3079:
3065:
3061:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3038:
3034:
3029:
3025:
3020:
3013:
3004:
3000:
2991:
2987:
2974:
2967:
2958:
2956:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2935:
2923:
2922:
2918:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2891:
2887:
2875:
2871:
2864:
2848:
2844:
2835:
2829:
2825:
2816:
2814:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2787:
2785:
2777:
2776:
2769:
2765:
2738:The Death Match
2729:
2594:
2584:Generalplan Ost
2580:
2546:Battle of Kursk
2466:Plenipotentiary
2442:
2431:
2425:
2422:
2407:
2391:
2380:
2370:Officers' badge
2363:115th and 118th
2278:Reichsführer-SS
2259:
2248:
2242:
2239:
2224:
2208:
2197:
2184:
2125:
2119:
1898:
1874:Walter Schimana
1790:Generalleutnant
1780:
1723:Reichskommissar
1681:
1603:Western Ukraine
1557:
1546:
1540:
1537:
1522:
1506:
1495:
1448:Eastern Galicia
1394:
1295:In the mind of
1275:Reichskommissar
1229:
1175:, inhabited by
1150:Reichskommissar
1106:in 1941 during
1099:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1064:
1028:
1026:
1021:
1020:
971:Name of Ukraine
966:
958:
957:
833:Ukrainian State
798:
788:
787:
738:Sloboda Ukraine
688:
678:
677:
673:Crimean Khanate
643:Kingdom of Rus'
603:
593:
592:
543:Yamnaya culture
533:
511:
504:
489:
452:
427:
413:
370:
351:
332:
329:
319:
302:
292:
282:
277:
247:
232:Reichskommissar
212:
188:
185:
170:
140:
128:
89:
86:
84:
69:
68:
67:
62:
54:
53:
48:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5379:
5369:
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5328:
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5318:
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5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5086:
5084:
5080:
5079:
5077:
5076:
5074:Sarny massacre
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5032:
5031:
5021:
5015:
5013:
5009:
5008:
5005:
5004:
5002:
5001:
4996:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4968:Einsatzgruppen
4964:
4962:
4955:
4951:
4950:
4947:
4946:
4944:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4912:
4910:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4900:Tatiana Markus
4896:
4894:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4869:Vasyl Meleshko
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4849:John Demjanjuk
4845:
4843:
4837:
4836:
4834:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4806:Heinz Schubert
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4771:Otto Ohlendorf
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4746:Fritz Katzmann
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4721:Lothar Fendler
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4697:
4695:
4688:
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4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4269:Zuyev Republic
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4159:Czechoslovakia
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4125:
4123:
4116:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4108:
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4090:
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4018:
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4009:
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4005:
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4002:
3996:
3994:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3986:
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3971:
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3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3456:Main Franconia
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3396:Cologne–Aachen
3393:
3388:
3383:
3377:
3375:
3368:
3346:
3340:Administrative
3336:
3335:
3326:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3303:
3297:
3296:
3292:2012-12-05 at
3284:
3272:
3271:External links
3269:
3268:
3267:
3261:
3248:
3242:
3222:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3175:
3149:
3134:
3125:
3107:
3105:Lower, p. 267.
3093:
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3045:
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2764:
2761:
2760:
2759:
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2745:
2740:
2735:
2728:
2725:
2696:Alexanderstadt
2690:(a Low German
2659:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2579:
2576:
2470:Four Year Plan
2462:Hermann Göring
2458:Otto Bräutigam
2444:
2443:
2394:
2392:
2385:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2372:
2367:
2365:
2360:
2358:
2353:
2351:
2345:
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2327:
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2305:
2261:
2260:
2211:
2209:
2202:
2196:
2193:
2183:
2180:
2160:
2159:
2152:
2121:Main article:
2118:
2115:
2051:
2050:
2043:) – headed by
2031:Krym-Taurien (
2029:
2021:) – headed by
2019:Dnepropetrovsk
2015:
2007:) – headed by
1993:
1988:) – headed by
1982:
1971:
1966:) – headed by
1918:Generalbezirke
1897:
1894:
1893:
1892:
1880:
1870:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1852:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1825:
1814:Russland-Süd)
1805:
1804:
1803:
1797:
1786:Ukraine (WBU)
1779:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1715:Otto Bräutigam
1712:
1680:
1677:
1566:Staatssekretär
1559:
1558:
1509:
1507:
1500:
1494:
1493:Administration
1491:
1404:region around
1393:
1390:
1369:Gottlob Berger
1358:Martin Bormann
1305:Eastern Europe
1228:
1225:
1126:, and pre-war
1066:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1048:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
1001:Rail transport
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
967:
964:
963:
960:
959:
956:
955:
950:
945:
944:
943:
933:
931:Crimean crisis
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
838:Makhnovshchina
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
799:
796:Modern history
794:
793:
790:
789:
786:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
753:Russian Empire
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
705:
695:
689:
684:
683:
680:
679:
676:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
623:Rus' Khaganate
620:
615:
610:
604:
599:
598:
595:
594:
591:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
534:
529:
528:
525:
524:
516:
515:
506:
505:
498:
491:
490:
488:
487:
482:
477:
471:
469:
465:
464:
461:
460:
457:
456:
449:
440:
437:
436:
431:
423:
422:
417:
405:
404:
399:
389:
388:
383:
379:
378:
375:
374:
371:
368:
365:
364:
361:
360:
356:
355:
352:
349:
346:
345:
341:
340:
337:
336:
333:
327:
324:
323:
320:
310:
307:
306:
303:
300:
297:
296:
295:20 August 1941
293:
290:
287:
286:
283:
275:
272:
271:
268:
267:
262:
261:Historical era
258:
257:
254:
253:
248:
245:
242:
241:
238:
237:
234:
228:
227:
218:
214:
213:
211:
210:
205:
200:
195:
189:
180:
176:
175:
164:
160:
159:
146:
142:
141:
138:
130:
129:
87:
71:
70:
63:
56:
55:
49:
42:
41:
40:
37:
36:
32:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5378:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5293:
5291:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5263:
5262:
5259:
5253:
5252:
5248:
5246:
5245:
5241:
5239:
5238:
5234:
5232:
5231:
5227:
5225:
5224:
5220:
5218:
5217:
5213:
5212:
5210:
5206:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5194:Kharkov Trial
5192:
5190:
5187:
5186:
5184:
5180:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5168:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5138:
5136:
5132:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5100:Mizocz Ghetto
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5087:
5085:
5081:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5048:
5044:
5042:
5041:Drobytsky Yar
5039:
5037:
5034:
5030:
5027:
5026:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5010:
5000:
4997:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4959:
4956:
4954:Organizations
4952:
4942:
4941:Yurii Sokolov
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4931:Omelyan Kovch
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4907:
4901:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4891:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4844:
4842:
4841:Collaborators
4838:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4711:Kurt Eberhard
4709:
4707:
4706:Werner Braune
4704:
4702:
4699:
4698:
4696:
4692:
4689:
4685:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4636:
4634:
4633:The Holocaust
4631:
4626:
4625:
4622:
4618:
4611:
4606:
4604:
4599:
4597:
4592:
4591:
4588:
4572:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4560:
4558:
4554:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
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4523:
4520:
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4517:
4513:
4510:
4506:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4471:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4431:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4395:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4382:
4372:
4369:
4368:
4366:
4362:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4330:Russia (KONR)
4328:
4326:
4325:Russia (ODNR)
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4120:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4104:
4100:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4085:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4045:zone réservée
4042:
4041:Atlantic Wall
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3991:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3966:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3892:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3867:Burgundy (SS)
3865:
3864:
3862:
3858:
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3521:Upper Silesia
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3446:Lower Silesia
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3305:
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3301:
3295:
3294:archive.today
3291:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3264:
3262:0-393-05509-4
3258:
3254:
3249:
3245:
3243:0-674-01313-1
3239:
3234:
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3210:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3182:
3180:
3165:on 2017-12-04
3164:
3160:
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3147:
3144:
3141:Jehke, Rolf:
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2898:5-93165-107-1
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2882:1-85043-251-1
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2863:9780802078209
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2694:settlement),
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2624:Volksdeutsche
2620:
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2609:
2607:
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2572:
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2547:
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2542:Hinrich Lohse
2538:
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2511:
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2474:Fritz Sauckel
2471:
2468:of Germany's
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2440:
2437:
2429:
2419:
2415:
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2395:This section
2393:
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2236:
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2222:
2221:
2217:
2212:This section
2210:
2206:
2201:
2200:
2192:
2190:
2179:
2177:
2176:Dnieper river
2173:
2168:
2166:
2157:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2129:Generalbezirk
2124:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2091:Rostov-on-Don
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2049:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1910:
1902:
1891:
1887:
1886:Fritz Freitag
1884:
1881:
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1661:Kropyvnytskyi
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1571:Herbert Backe
1567:
1555:
1552:
1544:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1510:This section
1508:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1475:Brest-Litovsk
1472:
1471:Pripyat river
1468:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
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1439:
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1233:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1213:The Holocaust
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
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937:
936:War in Donbas
934:
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854:
851:
849:
848:Ukrainian SSR
846:
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841:
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829:
826:
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797:
792:
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784:
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761:
759:
758:Little Russia
756:
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636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
618:White Croatia
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
605:
602:
601:Early history
597:
596:
589:
588:Hunnic Empire
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
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541:
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517:
514:
508:
507:
502:
497:
496:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
472:
470:
468:Today part of
466:
450:
448:
447:Ukrainian SSR
445:
444:
441:
435:
432:
425:
424:
421:
420:Ukrainian SSR
418:
411:
410:
407:
406:
403:
400:
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395:
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390:
387:
384:
380:
376:
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259:
255:
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249:
243:
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229:
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222:
219:
215:
209:
208:Crimean Tatar
206:
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196:
194:
191:
190:
184:
181:
177:
173:
168:
165:
161:
158:
153:
152:
147:
143:
136:
131:
82:
81:
76:
72:
66:
60:
52:
46:
38:
33:
28:
22:
19:
5249:
5242:
5235:
5228:
5221:
5214:
5208:Books, films
5165:
5059:Lviv pogroms
5046:
4961:Perpetrators
4826:Otto Wächter
4811:Erwin Schulz
4756:Felix Landau
4694:Perpetrators
4628:Main article
4532:Schatzgräber
4423:
3954:West Prussia
3934:Lower Styria
3872:Holland (SS)
3643:Upper Danube
3638:Lower Danube
3441:Hesse-Nassau
3411:East Prussia
3381:Baden-Alsace
3344:Nazi Germany
3342:divisions of
3331:Nazi Germany
3252:
3231:
3216:
3167:. Retrieved
3163:the original
3157:Rolf Jehke.
3152:
3142:
3137:
3128:
3118:
3115:Lower, Wendy
3110:
3087:
3068:
3062:
3048:
3040:
3035:
3026:
3006:
3001:
2993:
2988:
2976:
2957:. Retrieved
2952:
2943:
2924:
2919:
2910:
2905:
2900:. pp. 21–35.
2888:
2872:
2852:
2845:
2826:
2815:. Retrieved
2810:
2801:
2792:
2786:. Retrieved
2782:
2754:
2747:
2710:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2685:
2681:Försterstadt
2679:
2673:
2667:
2662:
2660:
2639:Volksdeutsch
2636:
2632:Zaporizhzhia
2621:
2610:
2595:
2573:
2550:
2539:
2523:German Reich
2520:
2514:
2504:
2499:
2493:
2484:Ost-Arbeiter
2482:
2447:
2432:
2423:
2408:Please help
2396:
2302:
2275:
2264:
2249:
2240:
2225:Please help
2213:
2185:
2182:Demographics
2169:
2161:
2149:Zaporizhzhia
2136:
2128:
2126:
2117:Krym-Taurien
2098:
2086:
2078:
2070:
2062:
2054:
2052:
2022:
1957:
1940:
1937:Kreisgebiete
1936:
1934:
1929:
1926:Kreisgebiete
1925:
1921:
1917:
1915:
1771:
1768:ethnographer
1694:(center) in
1690:(right) and
1673:Bila Tserkva
1630:
1614:
1607:
1596:
1583:
1578:
1562:
1547:
1538:
1523:Please help
1511:
1465:, including
1460:
1446:
1426:Zaporizhzhia
1414:Southern Bug
1395:
1387:
1366:
1332:
1329:
1297:Adolf Hitler
1294:
1279:
1268:
1260:Soviet Union
1258:against the
1252:Nazi Germany
1250:
1173:Soviet Union
1166:
1156:Adolf Hitler
1124:Russian SFSR
1108:World War II
1104:Nazi Germany
1095:Commissariat
1077:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1006:Shipbuilding
986:Christianity
887:
853:Soviet Union
658:Golden Horde
402:Succeeded by
401:
396:
369:• 1941
350:• Total
285:22 June 1941
265:World War II
225:Nazi Germany
157:Nazi Germany
78:
74:
18:
4701:Paul Blobel
4409:Netherlands
4209:Netherlands
3949:Sudetenland
3897:occupations
3733:Vistulaland
3610:Sudetenland
3562:Prinz-Eugen
3466:Mecklenburg
2749:Ostarbeiter
2705:Friesendorf
2615:and other "
2598:untermensch
2276:The German
2151:provinces.)
2137:Teilbezirke
2111:Ciscaucasia
1984:Nikolajew (
1945:Party Chief
1764:Karl Stumpp
1487:wood supply
1373:hatchet man
1325:master race
1237:Lviv Oblast
1112:Nazi German
633:Kievan Rus'
510:History of
397:Preceded by
386:Karbovanets
5290:Categories
4786:Otto Rasch
4751:Erich Koch
4726:Hans Frank
4542:Bassgeiger
4522:New Swabia
4490:San Marino
4315:Montenegro
4239:Montenegro
4061:Luxembourg
3939:Luxembourg
3723:Vandalland
3688:Beskidland
3615:Wartheland
3588:Reichsgaus
3401:Düsseldorf
3196:See also:
3169:2014-06-03
3078:0449219771
2959:2007-10-04
2817:2007-10-04
2788:2020-03-03
2763:References
2602:Erich Koch
2588:Lebensraum
2515:Karbowanez
2174:up to the
2154:Krym (the
2107:Kazakhstan
2095:Stalingrad
1962:Shitomir (
1727:Erich Koch
1688:Erich Koch
1649:Bishoprics
1440:, and the
1335:Nazi Party
1319:Herrenvolk
1311:Lebensraum
1271:Erich Koch
1201:Roma/Gypsy
1189:Belarusian
1177:Ukrainians
1144:Erich Koch
1134:headed by
1114:-occupied
1097:of Ukraine
1016:Television
1011:Technology
918:Euromaidan
763:New Russia
743:Right bank
531:Prehistory
373:37,000,000
359:Population
251:Erich Koch
217:Government
186:(official)
174:(de facto)
5029:memorials
5019:Artemivsk
4658:Lithuania
4563:Nordstern
4547:Edelweiss
4455:Turkestan
4445:Don-Volga
4345:Turkestan
4295:Cossackia
4234:Macedonia
4194:Lithuania
4099:Ljubljana
3984:Bialystok
3969:Districts
3633:Carinthia
3526:Weser-Ems
3516:Thuringia
3486:Pomerania
3471:Moselland
3426:Franconia
2979:, p. 37.
2692:Mennonite
2687:Halbstadt
2592:Wehrbauer
2565:Sovkhozes
2561:Kolkhozes
2426:June 2022
2397:does not
2294:Wehrmacht
2286:Waffen-SS
2267:Waffen-SS
2243:June 2022
2214:does not
2145:Nikolayev
2059:Chernigov
2045:Gauleiter
2041:Melitopol
2026:der NSDAP
1986:Nikolayev
1725:Ukraine,
1651:at Kyiv,
1633:Wehrmacht
1541:June 2022
1512:does not
1434:Chernihiv
1410:Vinnytsia
1392:Geography
1254:launched
1158:issued a
926:(outline)
893:Chernobyl
863:Holodomor
733:Left bank
613:Onoghuria
193:Ukrainian
169:(de jure)
35:1941–1944
5361:Babi Yar
5265:See also
5134:Evidence
5024:Babi Yar
4909:Rescuers
4556:Proposed
4537:Holzauge
4440:Caucasia
4433:Proposed
4371:Brittany
4364:Proposed
4355:Wallonia
4340:Slovakia
4290:Bulgaria
4264:Wallonia
4254:Slovakia
4169:Flanders
4051:Slovakia
4000:Brussels
3993:Proposed
3959:Zichenau
3929:Lorraine
3877:Lombardy
3860:Proposed
3748:Westland
3738:Wallonia
3718:Nordmark
3713:Gothland
3703:Flanders
3698:Burgundy
3676:Proposed
3648:Salzburg
3555:Proposed
3541:Westmark
3481:NSDAP/AO
3386:Bayreuth
3363:Altreich
3290:Archived
3228:(2004),
2733:Babi Yar
2727:See also
2675:Hegewald
2628:Mykolaiv
2617:Germanic
2553:Agrarian
2496:Ostbahns
2195:Security
2083:Voronezh
2079:Woronezh
1997:Volhynia
1964:Zhytomyr
1953:Bailiffs
1930:Parteien
1653:Zhytomyr
1402:Volhynia
1193:Romanian
1181:Russians
940:timeline
778:Bukovina
723:The Ruin
693:Cossacks
573:Sarmatia
553:Cimmeria
501:a series
499:Part of
382:Currency
4893:Victims
4673:Romania
4648:Estonia
4643:Belarus
4515:Founded
4495:Tunisia
4480:Finland
4450:Muscovy
4424:Ukraine
4419:Ostland
4397:Founded
4350:Ukraine
4320:Romania
4310:Hungary
4285:Belarus
4259:Ukraine
4184:Hungary
4164:Denmark
4154:Croatia
4144:Belarus
4139:Austria
4129:Albania
4122:Founded
4032:Croatia
3977:Founded
3827:Galicia
3802:Founded
3708:Galicia
3693:Brabant
3625:Austria
3598:Founded
3572:Holland
3501:Silesia
3436:Hamburg
3374:Founded
3279:at the
3009:, p. 50
2479:Sauckel
2418:removed
2403:sources
2235:removed
2220:sources
2103:Saratov
2099:Saratow
2075:Donetsk
2071:Stalino
2067:Kharkov
2063:Charkow
2037:Taurida
2001:Podolia
1657:Poltava
1639:of the
1533:removed
1518:sources
1467:Polesia
1463:Belarus
1438:Kharkiv
1422:Poltava
1398:Ukraine
1378:Bormann
1354:Himmler
1227:History
1171:of the
1146:as the
1116:Ukraine
1085:
991:Judaism
981:Banking
648:Cumania
628:Khazars
563:Scythia
558:Taurica
512:Ukraine
485:Belarus
475:Ukraine
328:•
276:•
198:Russian
163:Capital
83:
75:Anthem:
5182:Trials
5083:Places
5012:Events
4687:People
4678:Russia
4668:Poland
4663:Norway
4653:Latvia
4485:Monaco
4414:Norway
4335:Serbia
4305:Greece
4300:France
4278:Exiled
4179:Greece
4174:France
4071:Serbia
4066:Poland
4056:Greece
4037:France
3914:Alsace
3895:German
3847:Warsaw
3837:Lublin
3832:Kraków
3728:Venice
3663:Vienna
3653:Styria
3506:Swabia
3491:Saxony
3391:Berlin
3259:
3240:
3204:, and
3075:
2931:
2896:
2880:
2860:
2700:Kronau
2670:German
2613:German
2590:, and
2571:area.
2569:Donbas
2097:, and
2087:Rostow
2033:Crimea
1973:Kiew (
1941:Partei
1669:Dnipro
1626:Berlin
1592:Führer
1430:Crimea
1362:Berlin
1199:, and
1197:Polish
1185:Jewish
1161:Führer
748:Danube
503:on the
480:Poland
236:
203:Polish
183:German
145:Status
77:
65:Emblem
4995:(UPA)
4508:Other
4204:Lokot
4199:Lepel
4189:Italy
4076:Banat
3944:Posen
3842:Radom
3683:Banat
3421:Essen
2836:(PDF)
2606:Aryan
2557:state
2464:(the
2356:114th
2349:106th
2290:Slavs
1949:Wojts
1842:HSSPF
1812:HSSPF
1792:d.R.
1665:Lubny
1645:Kovel
1622:Rivne
1618:Aryan
1599:Rivne
1483:Mazyr
1479:Pinsk
1406:Lutsk
1092:Reich
172:Rovno
4460:Ural
4214:Nias
4134:Asch
3355:Gaus
3257:ISBN
3238:ISBN
3073:ISBN
3041:Знак
2929:ISBN
2894:ISBN
2878:ISBN
2858:ISBN
2702:and
2563:and
2531:Rbls
2401:any
2399:cite
2218:any
2216:cite
2147:and
2005:Luzk
1999:and
1990:NSFK
1975:Kiev
1696:Kyiv
1671:and
1631:The
1563:The
1516:any
1514:cite
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1082:lit.
1070:The
712:Sich
344:Area
167:Kiev
51:Flag
2412:by
2229:by
2167:).
2093:),
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2069:),
2061:),
1817:SS-
1624:or
1601:in
1527:by
1458:).
1360:in
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1273:as
1266:.
1078:RKU
223:of
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2009:SA
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