101:
34:
175:
908:
119:
137:
176:
562:
and the reintroduction of democratic elections in Poland – the 1990 local government elections (27 May 1990) were the first democratic elections in Poland after World War II.
399:
950:
The above list is not a complete list of official titles for the Polish State throughout its history; it is a list of those which are referred to as a
278:
since the beginning of the 16th century. It was adapted for Poland, as it at that time had a unique republican system, similar to the former Roman
346:
63:
983:
459:
1010:
100:
609:
353:
111:
85:
56:
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244:
is used exclusively in relation to the
Republic of Poland, while any other republic is referred to in Polish as a
1051:
20:
1056:
527:
657:
559:
337:
was an elective monarchy, the king had no real power, as most of the state affairs were regulated by the
624:, a satirical literary society, founded by a group of nobles during the second half of the 16th century;
866:
794:
451:
886:
774:
501:
46:
687:
50:
42:
846:
754:
978:
679:
558:(1990–present). This is the title of the present-day Polish state, dating from the fall of the
485:
129:
67:
648:, a short-lasting form of an independent state, established for about a month in October 1918;
633:
555:
288:, the Lord Chancellor of the Crown, on the importance of education is an example of its use:
147:
645:
8:
857:
785:
735:
427:
414:, which had (among numerous others) the right to elect both the king and parliament (the
185:
and a traditional name for some of its predecessor states. It is a compound of the terms
877:
765:
466:
and modified the changes by stressing the continuity of binational status of the state.
931:
921:
829:
376:
305:
193:
227:
837:
821:
745:
342:
813:
547:
513:
477:
437:
423:
391:
169:
706:
are used interchangeably, so far as they relate to the Polish state by default.
492:
period, lasting from the regaining of independence in 1918 following the end of
926:
805:
621:
419:
151:
1045:
913:
744:
is a direct borrowing from Polish. The East Slavic cognates of the name are:
398:) (sometimes translated as the "First Polish Republic"), in reference to the
375:
is also used in a series of symbolic names referring to three periods in the
338:
187:
509:
505:
497:
321:
285:
660:, a name used formally from 1952 to 1990; was often abbreviated to simply
512:. The renascent Polish State was initially called the Republic of Poland (
493:
202:
463:
331:
is "Polish
Commonwealth", or "Republic of Poland". Although the first
447:
667:
589:
489:
409:
221:
299:
683:
275:
198:
182:
118:
1036:
608:– The Commonwealth of the Both Nations, another name for the
251:
136:
415:
294:
Takie będą Rzeczypospolite, jakie ich młodzieży chowanie.
871:
799:
891:
779:
851:
759:
903:
1037:
Commonwealth of
Diverse Cultures: Poland's Heritage
402:. During this period, the commonwealth was ruled
1043:
739:
55:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
536:, meaning "the Polish State is a Commonwealth".
436:is used in reference to the country before the
951:
726:
716:
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695:
673:
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292:
269:
255:
245:
239:
208:
158:
141:
123:
105:
426:in 1569 and ended with the third and final
357:
279:
214:
1011:"Polska. Historia. Trzecia Rzeczpospolita"
666:or PRL. Sometimes refers (wrongly) to the
400:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795)
571:Expressions that make use the concept of
530:, the first article of which stated that
418:). This political system is known as the
86:Learn how and when to remove this message
135:
117:
99:
1044:
462:was adopted on 20 October 1791 by the
325:. As a result, the literal meaning of
168:
820:; and the South Slavic cognates are
533:Państwo Polskie jest Rzecząpospolitą
304:Jan Zamoyski, Foundation Act of the
27:
976:
725:is still a common abbreviation for
460:Reciprocal Guarantee of Two Nations
458:(Polish Commonwealth), however the
13:
636:or Republic of Kraków (1815–1846);
488:(1918–1939). Used to refer to the
14:
1068:
1030:
450:starting in the early 1500s. The
406:by a privileged class called the
984:Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija
979:"Abiejų Tautų tarpusavio įžadas"
906:
454:established a common state, the
32:
804:; the West Slavic cognates are
554:), in reference to the current
21:Rzeczpospolita (disambiguation)
970:
944:
610:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
566:
354:Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
319:is well described by the term
225:, in English also rendered as
112:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1:
963:
715:was sometimes abbreviated to
605:Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów
365:
721:in written documents, while
686:used by the political party
653:Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa
528:March Constitution of Poland
430:in 1795. Sometimes the term
7:
899:
892:
872:
852:
800:
780:
760:
238:In modern Polish, the word
10:
1073:
1003:
641:Rzeczpospolita Zakopiańska
452:Constitution of 3 May 1791
263:
181:) is the official name of
18:
881:
861:
841:
789:
769:
749:
583:Rzeczpospolita szlachecka
542:III Rzeczpospolita Polska
170:[ʐɛt͡ʂpɔs'pɔlita]
937:
658:Polish People's Republic
629:Rzeczpospolita Krakowska
594:), another name for the
560:Polish People's Republic
472:II Rzeczpospolita Polska
446:started limiting king's
219:"public, common"), i.e.
41:This article includes a
617:Rzeczpospolita Babińska
484:), in reference to the
396:Pierwsza Rzeczpospolita
386:I Rzeczpospolita Polska
352:The Latin name for the
70:more precise citations.
16:Official name of Poland
1052:Country name etymology
952:
833:
825:
817:
809:
740:
727:
717:
711:
702:
696:
680:Fourth Polish Republic
675:Czwarta Rzeczpospolita
674:
662:
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640:
628:
616:
604:
596:
588:
586:– Republic of Nobles (
582:
573:
552:Trzecia Rzeczpospolita
551:
541:
532:
526:was introduced by the
522:
517:
486:Second Polish Republic
481:
471:
442:
432:
408:
395:
385:
371:
358:
333:
327:
315:
311:
293:
284:. The famous quote by
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133:
130:Second Polish Republic
124:
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106:
728:Rzeczpospolita Polska
703:Rzeczpospolita Polska
663:Rzeczpospolita Polska
556:Third Polish Republic
456:Rzeczpospolita Polska
328:Rzeczpospolita Polska
290:
148:Third Polish Republic
139:
121:
103:
1057:Government of Poland
694:Nowadays, the terms
646:Republic of Zakopane
482:Druga Rzeczpospolita
422:. It began with the
359:Rés Pública Poloniae
191:"thing, matter" and
150:), shown within the
19:For other uses, see
1017:online encyclopedia
634:Free City of Kraków
428:Partition of Poland
502:invasion of Poland
155:
134:
116:
43:list of references
977:Tumelis, Juozas.
932:Outline of Poland
922:History of Poland
890:
870:
850:
798:
778:
758:
670:period 1944–1952.
440:too, because the
377:history of Poland
306:Academy of Zamość
274:has been used in
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95:
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1064:
1026:
1024:
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992:
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761:Rječ Pospolitaja
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597:I Rzeczpospolita
593:
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518:Republika Polska
504:in 1939 by both
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433:I Rzeczpospolita
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688:Law and Justice
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424:Union of Lublin
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345:, known as the
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927:Name of Poland
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152:European Union
143:Rzeczpospolita
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818:Reč Pospolitá
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810:Řeč Pospolitá
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781:Rič Pospolyta
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770:Річ Посполита
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719:
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709:Before 1939,
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1019:. Retrieved
989:. Retrieved
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972:
946:
741:Žečpospolita
733:
722:
708:
693:
570:
539:
510:Soviet Union
506:Nazi Germany
500:-triggering
498:World War II
469:
455:
403:
383:
369:
351:
322:commonwealth
320:
312:
298:
291:
286:Jan Zamoyski
267:
237:
232:
228:commonwealth
226:
220:
203:
197:"common", a
157:
156:
97:
82:
73:
62:Please help
54:
25:
991:11 February
567:Other usage
494:World War I
281:rés pública
235:(current).
204:rés pública
68:introducing
1046:Categories
964:References
858:Macedonian
786:Belarusian
736:Lithuanian
496:up to the
464:Great Sejm
366:Main usage
339:parliament
213:"thing" +
166:pronounced
76:March 2021
887:romanized
878:Bulgarian
867:romanized
847:romanized
795:romanized
775:romanized
766:Ukrainian
755:romanized
577:include:
448:autocracy
268:The term
247:republika
201:of Latin
194:pospolita
1021:29 March
900:See also
830:Croatian
668:post-war
590:szlachta
508:and the
490:interwar
443:szlachta
410:szlachta
404:de facto
302:—
233:republic
222:republic
1004:Sources
889::
869::
849::
838:Serbian
822:Slovene
797::
777::
757::
746:Russian
718:Rzplita
264:Origins
216:pública
64:improve
814:Slovak
684:slogan
548:Polish
514:Polish
478:Polish
392:Polish
343:senate
308:; 1600
276:Poland
250:(e.g.
199:calque
183:Poland
938:Notes
806:Czech
738:word
188:rzecz
49:, or
1023:2020
993:2023
734:The
700:and
682:, a
416:Sejm
347:Sejm
341:and
140:III
1015:PWN
356:is
260:).
210:rés
122:II
1048::
981:.
896:.
884:,
880::
876:,
864:,
860::
856:,
844:,
840::
836:,
832::
828:,
824::
816::
812:;
808::
792:,
788::
784:;
772:,
768::
764:;
752:,
748::
731:.
723:RP
678:–
656:–
644:–
632:–
620:–
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516::
480::
394::
379::
362:.
349:.
254:–
104:I
53:,
45:,
1025:.
995:.
956:.
690:.
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600:;
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476:(
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207:(
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60:.
23:.
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