180:
500:, presumably an important part of the royal cargo. But just as the deal was being concluded, William Finch changed the bid higher, which angered Mariam uz Zamani. Hawkins, already in trouble with Jahangir for other reasons, had to suffer consequences. It was further though that William's political rival in the Mughal court, Abdul Hassan, reported William's drinking habit to Jahangir, who strongly forbade wine in his court. In the end, Mariam-uz-Zamani pressured her son, emperor Jahangir, to ensure that William Hawkins, who at that time still in good term with Jahangir, leave India.
189:
1228:
402:
169:
435:, and where he remained for nearly 3 years. According to the account given in his Journal, the emperor gained good impression about William and assigning an administrative position with its annual payment of estimated at upwards of £3,000, his serious occupation being to combat the intrigues of the Portuguese and to endeavor to obtain formal permission for the establishment of an English
351:
of £100 to each of
Hawkyns's children, to be payable "to every such child at the time of their marriage, or at the accomplishment of their several ages of eighteen years, which shall first happen." From the wording of this clause, it would seem probable that the children were girls; but we know nothing more of them.
350:
In 1595, His uncle, John
Hawkins, also granted William inheritance, besides a share of the prospective profits of the last fatal voyage to the West Indies, £10 a year to be paid quarterly, on condition that he does not sell the same annuity nor rent-charge, or any part thereof. He left also legacies
292:
and China, which sailed from
England. However, William came into bad terms with Edward and John Hawkins, due to jealousy of the claims which had been put forward on behalf of William to command the expedition; partly also, it may be, out of the insolent and insubordinate conduct of William himself.
439:
at Surat. During his time in Agra, William fought a political intrigues in the Mughal court against the
Portuguese, while also dedicated himself to trying to obtain imperial authorization so that his company would be authorized to establish a factory in Surat to trade with India.
480:, while also giving him court as EIC official ambassador in the court. During this time, also provided records about the details about the administrations of Mansabdar, where during his life, he has recorded about 41 names of Mansabdar officers who commanded about 3,000-5,000
448:
to not try to harm
William, such as poisoning his foods. The emperor even granted authorization for William but made it a condition that Hawkins marry local Indian woman. William consented to the match, conditionally on her not being a
293:
the enmity became intensified due to the official instruction to Edward not to replace
William. When the little fleet was sailing from Plymouth, William was still onshore, and Edward put to sea without him; he was brought out in by
443:
His favor with the emperor enabled him to overcame any difficulties in the court, and the required license was given; it was the first distinct recognition of
English commerce in the East. Jahangir also threaten the Portuguese
487:
In 1610, William
Hawkins instructed one of his fellow merchants, William Finch, to travel about 80 km southwest from Agra to Bayana, a town well known for its high-quality indigo production. At this time, one of the ships of
335:
was at sea with Sir
Francis Drake, and the mayor of Plymouth was onshore collecting reinforcements. Hawkins was, however, not an uncommon Devonshire name, and it is quite possible that the commander of the
1238:
918:
621:
The Oxford
History of the British Empire, Vol 1: The Origins of Empire, British Overseas Enterprise to the Close of the Seventeenth Century
354:
In 1607, On April 1, William left for India with his wife, David Middleton and William Keeling. He was theorized taking the command of the
1260:
572:. Despite appealing to the EIC for maintenance, she received nothing and on Towerson's death his assets were awarded to his brother.
1265:
1068:
1041:
829:
785:
565:
429:
520:. In the end of his time in India, William failed to secure permission from the emperor of Mughal to built English factory.
1111:
263:
17:
1209:
1188:
1169:
1143:
954:
883:
988:
630:
1243:
457:. The one who was became William's wife was Mariam Khan, a daughter of an influential merchant in the court of the
822:
The Mughal State: 1526-1750 (Oxford in India Readings: Them) (Oxford in India Readings: Themes in Indian History)
331:
was his father, then-mayor of Plymouth; Although it was seemingly contradictive by the fact that on 19 July the
748:
711:
252:
568:
and with him returned to India. Towerson abandoned her and returned to England in 1619 before resettling in
1100:
301:. Throughout the voyage, the captain and the lieutenant seem to have quarreled on every occasion, and the
593:
The mission to secure emperor's authorization instead accomplished by Captain Middleton in the same year.
248:
133:
492:, who at that time held status as empress dowager of the empire of Mughal, was prepared for a voyage to
1122:
919:"We know all about warrior queens like Lakshamibai. Now, let's talk of medieval India's businesswomen"
1124:
Narrative by William Hawkins, of Occurrences during his Residence in the Dominions of the Great Mogul
476:(military official in the Mughal empire), with the command of 400 horses and a rent worth of 30,000
381:
andwas approached by Portuguese sailors who told him that all the ports in the region belonged to
370:, and was charged with the king of England's letters and presents to the princes and governors of
813:
875:
A Companion to the Global Renaissance: Literature and Culture in the Era of Expansion, 1500-1700
508:
In 1611, William left Agra on November, and three months later arrived at Surat, where he found
281:
In 1581, on October, he was nominated, apparently at the request of his uncle, as lieutenant to
179:
938:
936:
436:
425:
619:
1058:
1031:
775:
933:
8:
509:
382:
539:. William died during this journey in his ship at the end of the year. He was buried in
389:, Khan-Khana, the ship was authorized to set sail and William was allowed to proceed to
312:
in 1587, Hawkins may probably be identified with the William Hawkyns who, commanded the
454:
355:
212:
183:
174:
1205:
1184:
1165:
1139:
1089:
1064:
1037:
1027:
984:
950:
879:
825:
781:
744:
707:
706:. Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization. Cambridge University Press. p. 36.
626:
557:
In 1614, the inheritance for the widow of William Hawkins were bestowed on the ship
547:
536:
386:
734:
489:
1199:
1133:
978:
944:
873:
738:
701:
367:
288:
In 1582, on May, William then further appointed to command an expedition for the
1201:
The Mughal Padshah: A Jesuit Treatise on Emperor Jahangir's Court and Household
324:
60:
1254:
1232:
561:. However, there is nothing for any of his daughters from a former marriage.
524:
458:
421:
282:
259:
227:
192:
347:
In 1589, by his father's will, Hawkins inherited a contract annuity of £40.
188:
569:
371:
306:
289:
271:
147:
1138:. New Transculturalisms, 1400–1800. Springer Nature. pp. 156–158.
532:
497:
410:
473:
151:
401:
1231: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
466:
432:
231:
143:
81:
819:
1009:
1007:
540:
513:
445:
424:
to negotiate a permission for the English company to construct a
102:
1181:
Visions of Mughal India: An Anthology of European Travel Writing
1135:
Jesuit and English Experiences at the Mughal Court, c. 1580–1615
612:
610:
374:, due to his experience with the region and language expertize.
659:
657:
1004:
777:
The East India Company: And the British Empire in the Far East
535:, and in a voyage to England. The ship finally touched at the
607:
496:. The empress dowager's enterprise was tasked to search for
493:
477:
472:
Furthermore, William himself was appointed by the emperor as
462:
450:
378:
363:
297:, one of the squadron's ship, and put on board his ship, the
220:
946:
Revival: A Constitutional History of India (1936): 1600-1935
654:
551:
517:
417:
390:
820:
Muzaffar Alam; Sanjay Subrahmanyam ( (17 February 2011).
769:
767:
644:
642:
453:, and accordingly he took as his wife the daughter of an
942:
803:
801:
799:
797:
319:
in 1588, William once again commanded a ship named the
1204:. Volume 6 of Rulers & Elites. Brill. p. 74.
764:
639:
409:
in 1609, on April, After arriving at Surat along with
855:
853:
564:
A year after Hawkins's death, Mariam married Captain
794:
681:
669:
1087:
1013:
983:. Arihant Publications India limited. p. 57.
878:(2 ed.). John Wiley & Sons. p. 137.
850:
618:
327:. It has been suggested that the commander of the
1131:
905:
844:
531:, part of the fleet under the overall command of
1252:
871:
1178:
1102:Arrival of William Hawkins in court of Jahangir
976:
703:Domesticity and Power in the Early Mughal World
663:
1056:
1025:
740:Vol. Iii: Medieval Indian Society And Culture
617:Marshall, P J (1998). Canny, Nicholas (ed.).
1197:
1179:Fisher, Michael; Dalrymple, William (2007).
859:
743:. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 33.
733:
27:English sea captain and merchant (b. c.1560)
1247:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
1162:The History of British India: A Chronology
1159:
1088:National Biography, Dictionary of (2016).
648:
503:
385:. Thanks to the efforts of the viceroy of
377:In 1608, on August 24, William arrived at
211:(fl. c. 1600) was a representative of the
1120:
1098:
1063:. Palgrave Macmillan US. pp. 96–98.
1057:McJannet, L.; Andrea, Bernadette (2011).
807:
780:. Stanford University Press. p. 46.
687:
1109:
980:JKSSB Assistant Compiler Exam Guide 2021
824:. Oxford University Press. p. 305.
699:
675:
625:. Oxford University Press. p. 272.
616:
400:
1060:Early Modern England and Islamic Worlds
1033:Early Modern England and Islamic Worlds
14:
1253:
773:
396:
247:William Hawkins was The eldest son of
219:, the first company ship to anchor at
1036:. Palgrave Macmillan US. p. 96.
1050:
523:In 1613, William disembarked from
215:notable for being the commander of
24:
237:
25:
1277:
1261:British East India Company people
416:William proceeded accordingly to
251:, who died in 1589 and nephew of
1244:Dictionary of National Biography
1226:
943:Arthur Berriedale Keith (2018).
774:Wilbur, Marguerite Eyer (1945).
187:
178:
167:
1183:. United Kingdom: I.B. Tauris.
1081:
1019:
970:
911:
899:
865:
838:
587:
344:belonged to some other family.
226:Hawkins travelled to and met a
1266:17th-century English merchants
1121:Columbia, University (2016a).
727:
693:
316:ship on the coast of Ireland.
13:
1:
1110:Columbia, University (2016).
600:
242:
223:in India on 24 August 1608.
580:
405:Mughal map from time to time
7:
1099:Knowledge, General (2011).
1091:Hawkins, William (fl.1595)l
664:Fisher & Dalrymple 2007
575:
512:, with whom he went to the
10:
1282:
1239:Hawkins, William (fl.1595)
1132:João Vicente Melo (2022).
213:English East India Company
1160:F. Riddick, John (2006).
872:Jyotsna G. Singh (2021).
546:In 1612, William visited
274:, though possibly in the
198:
162:
157:
139:
129:
121:
108:
96:
91:
87:
77:
66:
56:
45:
41:
34:
977:Arihant Experts (2021).
323:in a battle against the
1014:National Biography 2016
906:João Vicente Melo (2022
845:João Vicente Melo (2022
504:After Indian activities
305:until their arrival in
264:voyage to the South Sea
406:
258:In 1577, he served in
249:William Hawkins senior
1198:Jorge Flores (2015).
420:and the court of the
404:
278:with Drake himself.
266:, presumably in the
847:, pp. 156–158)
516:, and afterward to
510:Sir Henry Middleton
397:Activities in India
383:Philip III of Spain
18:Sir William Hawkins
1028:Andrea, Bernadette
860:Jorge Flores (2015
455:Armenian Christian
407:
356:East India Company
184:East India Company
175:Kingdom of England
1070:978-0-230-11982-6
1043:978-0-230-11982-6
862:, pp. 74–75)
831:978-0-19-565225-3
787:978-0-8047-2864-5
700:Ruby Lal (2005).
548:Arabian Peninsula
537:Cape of Good Hope
387:Deccan sultanates
202:
201:
16:(Redirected from
1273:
1248:
1230:
1229:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1194:
1175:
1164:. India: Faber.
1156:
1154:
1152:
1128:
1117:
1113:Third Voyage EIC
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566:Gabriel Towerson
490:Mariam-uz-Zamani
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158:Military service
92:Personal details
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649:F. Riddick 2006
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527:with his ship,
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368:William Keeling
362:on a voyage to
245:
240:
238:Life and career
209:William Hawkins
204:
186:
177:
168:
166:
150:
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134:William Hawkins
117:Mary Halse (m.)
116:
101:
72:
67:
51:
46:
37:
36:William Hawkins
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1279:
1269:
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1224:
1223:
1211:978-9004307537
1210:
1195:
1190:978-1845113544
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1171:978-0313322808
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1145:978-3030965884
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1129:
1118:
1107:
1096:
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1080:
1077:
1076:
1069:
1049:
1042:
1026:McJannet, L.;
1018:
1003:
989:
969:
956:978-1351350020
955:
932:
910:
908:, p. 167)
898:
885:978-1119626299
884:
864:
849:
837:
830:
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808:Columbia 2016a
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786:
763:
749:
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688:Knowledge 2011
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484:or horsemens.
430:Mughal emperor
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325:Spanish Armada
255:(1532–1595).
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61:James VI and I
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9:
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1233:public domain
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990:9789325294806
986:
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952:
949:. Routledge.
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947:
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689:
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677:
676:Columbia 2016
672:
666:, p. 59.
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632:0-19-820562-7
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283:Edward Fenton
279:
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269:
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261:
260:Francis Drake
256:
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250:
235:
233:
229:
228:Mughal empire
224:
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193:Mughal Empire
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19:
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1225:
1215:. Retrieved
1200:
1180:
1161:
1149:. Retrieved
1134:
1123:
1112:
1101:
1090:
1082:Bibliography
1059:
1052:
1032:
1021:
994:. Retrieved
979:
972:
960:. Retrieved
945:
923:. Retrieved
913:
901:
889:. Retrieved
874:
867:
840:
821:
815:
776:
754:. Retrieved
739:
729:
717:. Retrieved
702:
695:
683:
671:
651:, p. 2.
620:
589:
563:
558:
556:
550:and reached
545:
528:
522:
507:
486:
481:
471:
442:
415:
408:
376:
359:
353:
349:
346:
341:
337:
332:
328:
320:
318:
313:
311:
307:River Thames
302:
298:
294:
287:
280:
275:
267:
257:
253:John Hawkins
246:
225:
216:
208:
205:
203:
112:
68:
47:
29:
290:East Indies
276:Golden Hind
272:John Wynter
148:Sea captain
125:Mariam Khan
1255:Categories
750:8120704320
713:0521850223
601:References
533:John Saris
498:Indigofera
411:Thomas Roe
243:Early life
163:Allegiance
140:Occupation
581:Footnotes
474:Mansabdar
303:Leicester
299:Leicester
268:Elizabeth
234:in 1609.
152:Mansabdar
109:Spouse(s)
73:1609–1611
69:In office
48:In office
1030:(2011).
576:Appendix
467:Jahangir
461:Emperor
433:Jahangir
358:'s ship
232:Jahangir
144:Merchant
122:Children
82:Jahangir
1235::
1217:13 July
1151:12 July
996:24 July
962:24 July
925:24 July
891:24 July
756:24 July
719:24 July
570:Amboyna
541:Ireland
514:Red Sea
446:Jesuits
437:factory
428:to the
426:factory
342:Griffin
333:Griffin
329:Griffin
321:Griffin
295:Francis
113:Unknown
103:Ireland
78:Monarch
57:Monarch
1208:
1187:
1168:
1142:
1067:
1040:
987:
953:
921:. 2010
882:
828:
784:
747:
710:
629:
559:Thomas
529:Thomas
525:Bantam
459:Mughal
422:Mughal
372:Cambay
360:Hector
338:Advice
314:Advice
230:ruler
217:Hector
172:
130:Parent
52:?–1613
494:Mokha
478:Rupee
463:Akbar
451:Moors
379:Surat
366:with
364:Surat
270:with
221:Surat
1219:2024
1206:ISBN
1185:ISBN
1166:ISBN
1153:2024
1140:ISBN
1065:ISBN
1038:ISBN
998:2024
985:ISBN
964:2024
951:ISBN
927:2024
893:2024
880:ISBN
826:ISBN
782:ISBN
758:2024
745:ISBN
721:2024
708:ISBN
627:ISBN
552:Java
518:Java
465:and
418:Agra
391:Agra
115:(m.)
100:1613
97:Died
1241:".
482:Zat
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