Knowledge

Tasmanian wine

Source đź“ť

250: 545: 1838: 1546: 559: 403: 38: 452:
Tasmania has a moderate maritime climate, cooled by prevailing westerly winds off the Southern Ocean, providing conditions free of extremes in temperature. Mild spring and summer temperatures, with warm autumn days and cool nights allow the grapes to ripen slowly on the vine, resulting in maximum
443:
The Tasmanian landscape is dominated by dolerite-capped mountains that shelter the state’s wine regions from high winds and rainfall. On the lower slopes, the vineyard soils are formed from ancient sandstones and mudstones and also from more recent river sediments and igneous rocks of volcanic
285:
typically around April. The effects of global warming have caused the area's grapes to progressively ripen slightly earlier which has allowed most of the recent vintages to be successful. It has opened up the prospects of increasing red wine production with Cabernet Sauvignon,
464:
Vintage variations are greater in Tasmania than any other Australian region. This vintage variation is reflected in each unique wine and makes for an insightful tasting of multiple vintages from the same producer.
230: 435:
Tasmania enjoys a global reputation as a leading producer of premium cool climate wines, winning high praise and accolades from wine judges and critics alike.
509:
The remaining wine growing areas, including the Derwent Valley, North West and the Huon/Channel, contributed approximately 9% to the total harvest in 2013.
461:
The Tasmanian vintage usually begins from mid-March, at the peak of the dry autumn when ripening occurs, to late May before the risk of frost and rain.
489:
More than 11,000 tonnes of wine grapes were processed in the 2013 vintage. This represents around 0.5% of Australia’s total winegrape production.
428:
using some Tasmanian grapes for the Australian sparkling wines. Tasmanian Rieslings have begun to gain notice for their closer similarities to a
785: 170:, Tasmania has a cooler climate and the potential to make distinctly different wines than in the rest of the country. The area grows primarily 453:
varietal flavour development. This is achieved without losing that essential natural acidity that gives wine both freshness and balance.
1772: 1594: 1868: 763: 856: 744: 675: 655: 635: 615: 831: 253:
The Freycinet Peninsula has shown itself to be one of the more promising areas for Tasmanian red wine production.
1145: 1312: 722: 28: 1798: 277:. These winds necessitate the use of large screens around the perimeter of vineyards in order to protect the 1878: 1873: 1803: 210:
Tasmania was one of the earliest regions in Australia to be planted with vines and was even the source of
414:
with many of Australia's mainland producers having production facilities on the island to make the base
306:
in the north and Hobart in the south. Most of the area of Tasmania is well suited for the production of
1883: 1723: 1690: 1519: 249: 473:
The following provides an overview of the Tasmanian wine sector. In Tasmania there are approximately:
1813: 1703: 198:
has had positive effects on the Tasmanian wine industry, allowing most of the grapes in the past few
1888: 1808: 1587: 1529: 1458: 1350: 951: 934: 1698: 1071: 907: 222:. It was also home to some of the earliest wines to gain attention outside of the county with a 1561: 1484: 929: 1499: 1268: 912: 732: 706: 1150: 902: 714: 335: 303: 215: 8: 1728: 1680: 1580: 824: 391: 367: 363: 326: 315: 1130: 1718: 1223: 387: 377: 191: 425: 1672: 1619: 1203: 941: 759: 740: 718: 671: 651: 631: 611: 350: 311: 262: 1140: 1463: 1390: 1253: 1155: 688:"About Our Wine | Wine Tasmania | Welcome to the world of Tasmanian wine" 564: 421: 354: 410:
The region's cool climate has made Tasmania a good location for the production of
1818: 1639: 1556: 1342: 1170: 1105: 1048: 1011: 891: 572: 503:
the North East (Pipers River) wine growing area, which produces approximately 19%
219: 211: 179: 167: 1708: 1657: 1611: 1468: 1440: 1415: 1336: 1325: 1320: 1218: 1185: 1001: 979: 946: 922: 817: 577: 411: 291: 282: 223: 195: 139: 1713: 1862: 1837: 1738: 1647: 1545: 1453: 1448: 1125: 917: 544: 55: 687: 1524: 1115: 1053: 1043: 996: 266: 226: 135: 1273: 739:(rev. ed.). Prahran, Vic: Hardie Grant Books. pp. 1–7, 272–287. 420:
that is later transported to the winery's main facility. Even some French
1842: 1793: 1756: 1550: 1405: 1395: 1293: 1058: 989: 848: 550: 506:
the Coal River Valley wine growing area, which produces approximately 13%
270: 1175: 1746: 1662: 1652: 1603: 1509: 1504: 1489: 1425: 1420: 1385: 1283: 1278: 1238: 1165: 1110: 1100: 1082: 1038: 1026: 1016: 974: 800: 790: 429: 307: 278: 274: 187: 175: 171: 109: 105: 1095: 532:
Other varieties include Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and GewĂĽrztraminer.
1624: 1514: 1494: 1430: 1410: 1400: 1360: 1298: 1180: 1120: 1021: 866: 238: 155: 48: 497:
the Tamar Valley wine growing area, which produces approximately 40%
402: 302:
The majority of Tasmania's vineyards are located near the cities of
1370: 1365: 1355: 1248: 1228: 1195: 1160: 1006: 969: 881: 876: 861: 183: 163: 159: 113: 1090: 780: 500:
the East Coast wine growing area, which produces approximately 20%
416: 1823: 1629: 1380: 1233: 1208: 1135: 871: 234: 199: 984: 1788: 1751: 1375: 1263: 1258: 287: 258: 68:
27 inches (680 mm) average; varies widely according to terrain
1572: 1288: 1243: 1213: 432:
Riesling than that which is typically produced in Australia.
37: 840: 796: 513:
Cool climate grape varieties most common in the state are:
202:(as of 2005) to ripen fully and produce more vibrant wine. 151: 76: 520:
Chardonnay - 23% (used for both table and sparkling wine)
517:
Pinot Noir - 44% (used for both table and sparkling wine)
809: 318:
are starting to distinguish themselves with red wines.
602: 600: 598: 281:. The cool climate of the regions gives way to a late 540: 650:Third Edition pg 682 Oxford University Press 2006 595: 620: 1860: 493:The majority of Tasmania’s grapes are grown in: 660: 1588: 825: 424:houses have taken notice with companies like 640: 1595: 1581: 832: 818: 670:Third Edition pg 324 Abbeville Press 2003 265:that is marked by the strong winds of the 36: 758:. Sandy Bay, Tas: Laingvin Basket Press. 795: 737:James Halliday's Wine Atlas of Australia 731: 705: 610:pg 315 Mitchell Beazley Publishing 2005 401: 248: 244: 1773:Clarification and stabilization of wine 1861: 310:, aromatic white wines but the warmer 1576: 813: 794: 753: 343:- on the Georgetown to Bridport road. 237:writer as Australia's equivalent to 16:Wine produced in Tasmania, Australia 630:pg 344-347 Simon and Schuster 1989 13: 182:, with some smaller plantings of 14: 1900: 857:Annual growth cycle of grapevines 774: 1836: 1544: 557: 543: 698: 297: 1602: 711:The Australian Wine Compendium 680: 648:"The Oxford Companion to Wine" 162:. Located at a more southerly 120: 91: 65:Precipitation (annual average) 1: 1799:Glossary of viticulture terms 668:Jancis Robinson's Wine Course 606:H. Johnson & J. Robinson 583: 1804:Glossary of winemaking terms 406:A vineyard outside of Hobart 334:- along the valley north of 7: 536: 477:160 licensed wine producers 214:for the first vineyards in 10: 1905: 1724:Yeast assimilable nitrogen 628:Vintage: The Story of Wine 353:in the north, and east of 205: 86:1,289 acres (5.22 km) 1869:Wine regions of Australia 1832: 1814:History of the wine press 1781: 1765: 1737: 1704:Sparkling wine production 1689: 1671: 1638: 1610: 1538: 1477: 1439: 1334: 1311: 1194: 1081: 1069: 962: 890: 847: 807: 717:. pp. 1–7, 550–561. 486:1500 hectares under vine. 469:Tasmanian wine statistics 130: 119: 101: 90: 83:Size of planted vineyards 82: 72: 64: 54: 44: 35: 26: 1809:Wine tasting descriptors 1530:Wine tasting descriptors 1459:Phenolic content in wine 1351:Alternative wine closure 935:Great French Wine Blight 839: 786:Wine Industry fact sheet 588: 480:230 individual vineyards 397: 168:Australia's wine regions 1699:Malolactic fermentation 608:The World Atlas of Wine 483:90 cellar door outlets 448:Cool climate advantage 407: 254: 1500:Wine and food pairing 715:Angus & Robertson 523:Sauvignon Blanc - 12% 405: 252: 245:Climate and geography 233:being praised by one 231:Bartholomew Broughton 1151:Muscat of Alexandria 754:Laing, Phil (2003). 1879:Culture of Tasmania 1874:Economy of Tasmania 1729:Yeast in winemaking 1681:Carbonic maceration 713:. North Ryde, NSW: 316:Freycinet Peninsula 23: 1719:Traditional method 1520:Wine personalities 1224:Cabernet Sauvignon 408: 255: 192:Cabernet Sauvignon 21: 1884:Tasmanian cuisine 1856: 1855: 1850: 1849: 1620:Late harvest wine 1570: 1569: 1307: 1306: 1204:Alicante Bouschet 952:Judgment of Paris 646:J. Robinson (ed) 360:Coal River Valley 312:Coal River Valley 263:temperate climate 261:, Tasmania has a 166:than the rest of 145: 144: 1896: 1841: 1840: 1597: 1590: 1583: 1574: 1573: 1549: 1548: 1464:Proteins in wine 1131:GrĂĽner Veltliner 1079: 1078: 834: 827: 820: 811: 810: 792: 791: 769: 750: 728: 692: 691: 684: 678: 664: 658: 644: 638: 624: 618: 604: 567: 565:Australia portal 562: 561: 560: 553: 548: 547: 526:Pinot Gris - 11% 154:produced in the 122: 93: 40: 24: 20: 1904: 1903: 1899: 1898: 1897: 1895: 1894: 1893: 1889:Australian wine 1859: 1858: 1857: 1852: 1851: 1846: 1843:Wine portal 1835: 1828: 1819:History of wine 1777: 1761: 1733: 1685: 1667: 1648:Deacidification 1634: 1606: 1601: 1571: 1566: 1551:Wine portal 1543: 1534: 1473: 1435: 1340: 1330: 1303: 1190: 1171:Sauvignon blanc 1106:Cayetana blanca 1074: 1072:grape varieties 1065: 958: 886: 843: 838: 803: 777: 772: 766: 756:Tasmanian Wines 747: 733:Halliday, James 725: 707:Halliday, James 701: 696: 695: 686: 685: 681: 665: 661: 645: 641: 625: 621: 605: 596: 591: 586: 573:Australian wine 563: 558: 556: 549: 542: 539: 426:MoĂ«t et Chandon 400: 300: 247: 220:South Australia 208: 180:Sauvignon blanc 102:Grapes produced 73:Soil conditions 17: 12: 11: 5: 1902: 1892: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1871: 1854: 1853: 1848: 1847: 1833: 1830: 1829: 1827: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1785: 1783: 1779: 1778: 1776: 1775: 1769: 1767: 1763: 1762: 1760: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1743: 1741: 1735: 1734: 1732: 1731: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1709:Sugars in wine 1706: 1701: 1695: 1693: 1687: 1686: 1684: 1683: 1677: 1675: 1669: 1668: 1666: 1665: 1660: 1658:Chaptalization 1655: 1650: 1644: 1642: 1636: 1635: 1633: 1632: 1627: 1622: 1616: 1614: 1608: 1607: 1600: 1599: 1592: 1585: 1577: 1568: 1567: 1565: 1564: 1559: 1554: 1539: 1536: 1535: 1533: 1532: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1512: 1507: 1502: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1485:Classification 1481: 1479: 1475: 1474: 1472: 1471: 1469:Sugars in wine 1466: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1445: 1443: 1441:Wine chemistry 1437: 1436: 1434: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1416:Wine dispenser 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1347: 1345: 1332: 1331: 1329: 1328: 1323: 1317: 1315: 1309: 1308: 1305: 1304: 1302: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1281: 1276: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1241: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1219:Cabernet Franc 1216: 1211: 1206: 1200: 1198: 1192: 1191: 1189: 1188: 1186:Welschriesling 1183: 1178: 1173: 1168: 1163: 1158: 1153: 1148: 1143: 1141:MĂĽller-Thurgau 1138: 1133: 1128: 1123: 1118: 1113: 1108: 1103: 1098: 1093: 1087: 1085: 1076: 1067: 1066: 1064: 1063: 1062: 1061: 1056: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1032: 1031: 1030: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 993: 992: 987: 982: 977: 972: 966: 964: 960: 959: 957: 956: 955: 954: 944: 939: 938: 937: 927: 926: 925: 920: 915: 910: 908:Ancient Greece 905: 896: 894: 888: 887: 885: 884: 879: 874: 869: 864: 859: 853: 851: 845: 844: 837: 836: 829: 822: 814: 808: 805: 804: 789: 788: 783: 776: 775:External links 773: 771: 770: 765:978-0958143905 764: 751: 745: 729: 723: 702: 700: 697: 694: 693: 679: 659: 639: 619: 593: 592: 590: 587: 585: 582: 581: 580: 578:Tasmanian beer 575: 569: 568: 554: 538: 535: 534: 533: 530: 527: 524: 521: 518: 511: 510: 507: 504: 501: 498: 491: 490: 487: 484: 481: 478: 412:sparkling wine 399: 396: 395: 394: 381: 374:Derwent Valley 371: 357: 344: 338: 329: 299: 296: 246: 243: 207: 204: 196:Global warming 148:Tasmanian wine 143: 142: 140:sparkling wine 132: 128: 127: 124: 117: 116: 103: 99: 98: 95: 88: 87: 84: 80: 79: 74: 70: 69: 66: 62: 61: 58: 56:Climate region 52: 51: 46: 42: 41: 33: 32: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1901: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1866: 1864: 1845: 1844: 1839: 1831: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1786: 1784: 1780: 1774: 1771: 1770: 1768: 1764: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1744: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1722: 1720: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1696: 1694: 1692: 1688: 1682: 1679: 1678: 1676: 1674: 1670: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1645: 1643: 1641: 1637: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1621: 1618: 1617: 1615: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1598: 1593: 1591: 1586: 1584: 1579: 1578: 1575: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1552: 1547: 1541: 1540: 1537: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1482: 1480: 1476: 1470: 1467: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1454:Acids in wine 1452: 1450: 1449:Aroma of wine 1447: 1446: 1444: 1442: 1438: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1348: 1346: 1344: 1338: 1333: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1318: 1316: 1314: 1313:Major regions 1310: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1269:Montepulciano 1267: 1265: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1240: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1202: 1201: 1199: 1197: 1193: 1187: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1177: 1174: 1172: 1169: 1167: 1164: 1162: 1159: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1147: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1129: 1127: 1124: 1122: 1119: 1117: 1114: 1112: 1109: 1107: 1104: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1089: 1088: 1086: 1084: 1080: 1077: 1073: 1068: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1036: 1034: 1033: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 999: 998: 995: 994: 991: 988: 986: 983: 981: 978: 976: 973: 971: 968: 967: 965: 961: 953: 950: 949: 948: 945: 943: 940: 936: 933: 932: 931: 928: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 904: 901: 900: 898: 897: 895: 893: 889: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 870: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 854: 852: 850: 846: 842: 835: 830: 828: 823: 821: 816: 815: 812: 806: 802: 798: 793: 787: 784: 782: 781:Wine Tasmania 779: 778: 767: 761: 757: 752: 748: 746:9781740666855 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 720: 716: 712: 708: 704: 703: 689: 683: 677: 676:0-7892-0883-0 673: 669: 663: 657: 656:0-19-860990-6 653: 649: 643: 637: 636:0-671-68702-6 633: 629: 623: 617: 616:1-84000-332-4 613: 609: 603: 601: 599: 594: 579: 576: 574: 571: 570: 566: 555: 552: 546: 541: 531: 529:Riesling - 5% 528: 525: 522: 519: 516: 515: 514: 508: 505: 502: 499: 496: 495: 494: 488: 485: 482: 479: 476: 475: 474: 471: 470: 466: 462: 459: 458: 454: 450: 449: 445: 441: 440: 436: 433: 431: 427: 423: 419: 418: 413: 404: 393: 389: 385: 382: 379: 375: 372: 369: 366:and north of 365: 361: 358: 356: 352: 348: 345: 342: 339: 337: 333: 330: 328: 324: 321: 320: 319: 317: 313: 309: 305: 295: 293: 289: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 251: 242: 240: 236: 232: 228: 225: 221: 217: 213: 203: 201: 197: 193: 189: 185: 181: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 141: 137: 133: 131:Wine produced 129: 125: 118: 115: 111: 107: 104: 100: 96: 89: 85: 81: 78: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 57: 53: 50: 47: 43: 39: 34: 31: 30: 25: 19: 1834: 1691:Fermentation 1542: 1525:Wine tasting 1146:Muscat blanc 1116:Chenin blanc 913:Ancient Rome 755: 736: 710: 699:Bibliography 682: 667: 666:J. Robinson 662: 647: 642: 627: 622: 607: 512: 492: 472: 468: 467: 463: 460: 456: 455: 451: 447: 446: 442: 438: 437: 434: 415: 409: 383: 373: 359: 346: 341:Pipers River 340: 332:Tamar Valley 331: 322: 301: 298:Wine regions 267:Indian Ocean 256: 227:dessert wine 209: 147: 146: 136:dessert wine 94:of vineyards 27: 18: 1794:Wine bottle 1766:Other steps 1757:Wine cellar 1714:SĂĽssreserve 1406:Wine cellar 1396:Wine bottle 1337:accessories 1335:Packaging, 1294:Tempranillo 923:Noah's wine 903:Phoenicians 849:Viticulture 626:H. Johnson 551:Wine portal 384:Huon Valley 325:- south of 271:Bass Strait 123:of wineries 29:Wine region 1863:Categories 1673:Maceration 1663:Wine press 1653:Destemming 1604:Winemaking 1510:Wine fraud 1505:Wine fault 1490:Oenophilia 1426:Wine label 1421:Wine glass 1386:Port tongs 1284:Sangiovese 1279:Pinot noir 1239:Douce noir 1166:Rkatsiteli 1111:Chardonnay 1101:Catarratto 1075:by acreage 1049:Biodynamic 1012:Aromatized 801:winemaking 724:0207151377 584:References 386:- between 380:and Hobart 376:- between 362:- between 349:- between 347:East Coast 336:Launceston 323:North West 304:Launceston 279:grapevines 275:Tasman Sea 188:Pinot gris 176:Chardonnay 172:Pinot noir 156:Australian 126:nearly 200 110:Chardonnay 106:Pinot noir 1625:Noble rot 1515:Winemaker 1495:Sommelier 1431:Wine rack 1411:Wine cork 1401:Wine cave 1391:Screw cap 1361:Corkscrew 1326:New World 1321:Old World 1299:Zinfandel 1274:Mourvèdre 1181:Trebbiano 1121:Colombard 1022:Noble rot 1002:Fortified 980:Sparkling 947:New World 422:Champagne 392:Southport 368:Colebrook 364:Cambridge 327:Devonport 257:Being an 224:fortified 158:state of 49:Australia 1640:Pressing 1562:Glossary 1478:Industry 1371:Jug wine 1366:Decanter 1356:Box wine 1254:Isabella 1249:Grenache 1229:Carignan 1176:SĂ©millon 1161:Riesling 1156:Palomino 899:Ancient 882:Vineyard 877:Veraison 862:Oenology 735:(2008). 709:(1985). 537:See also 444:origin. 388:Kingston 378:Hamilton 216:Victoria 212:cuttings 200:vintages 184:Riesling 164:latitude 160:Tasmania 114:Riesling 60:Maritime 22:Tasmania 1824:Terroir 1782:Related 1630:Vintage 1612:Harvest 1557:Outline 1381:Muselet 1343:storage 1234:Cinsaut 1209:Barbera 1136:Macabeo 1096:AligotĂ© 1054:Organic 1044:Natural 997:Dessert 942:Georgia 892:History 872:Terroir 867:Species 457:Vintage 439:Terroir 351:Bicheno 283:harvest 235:English 206:History 134:Still, 45:Country 1789:Winery 1752:Solera 1376:Kvevri 1264:Merlot 1259:Malbec 1059:Kosher 1035:Other 990:Orange 963:Styles 930:France 762:  743:  721:  674:  654:  634:  614:  355:Sorell 292:Shiraz 288:Merlot 259:island 1739:Aging 1289:Syrah 1244:Gamay 1214:Bobal 1126:Glera 1091:AirĂ©n 1083:White 1039:Table 1027:Straw 1017:Fruit 975:White 918:China 797:Wines 589:Notes 430:Mosel 417:cuvĂ©e 398:Wines 1341:and 1070:Top 985:RosĂ© 841:Wine 799:and 760:ISBN 741:ISBN 719:ISBN 672:ISBN 652:ISBN 632:ISBN 612:ISBN 390:and 314:and 290:and 273:and 239:Port 218:and 190:and 178:and 152:wine 97:112+ 77:Clay 1747:Oak 1196:Red 1007:Ice 970:Red 308:dry 229:by 150:is 121:No. 92:No. 1865:: 597:^ 294:. 269:, 241:. 194:. 186:, 174:, 138:, 112:, 108:, 1596:e 1589:t 1582:v 1339:, 833:e 826:t 819:v 768:. 749:. 727:. 690:. 370:.

Index

Wine region

Australia
Climate region
Clay
Pinot noir
Chardonnay
Riesling
dessert wine
sparkling wine
wine
Australian
Tasmania
latitude
Australia's wine regions
Pinot noir
Chardonnay
Sauvignon blanc
Riesling
Pinot gris
Cabernet Sauvignon
Global warming
vintages
cuttings
Victoria
South Australia
fortified
dessert wine
Bartholomew Broughton
English

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑