1246:, where the wine is noted for its breadth and complexity. Niagara is a major producer of ice wine in general, putting it neck-and-neck with Germany. Late Harvest wines and some sparkling wines are produced with Riesling in Niagara but it is table wines from dry to off-dry that hold the largest share of production. The climate of the region is typically quite warm in the summertime, which adds a layer of richness in the wines. The founder of St. Urbanshoff in the Mosel, Herman Weiss, was an early pioneer in Niagara's modern viticulture, selling his strain of Mosel clone Riesling to many producers in west Niagara (these vines are well over 20 years old now). This clone and Niagara's summer heat make for uniquely bright wines and often show up in interesting dry styled versions. Many producers and wine critics will argue that Niagara's best offerings come from the
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aromas in their wine. The negative attitude to petrol aromas in young
Riesling, and the preference for fruitier young wines of this variety, seem more common in Germany than in Alsace or on the export market, and some German producers, especially the volume-oriented ones, have even gone so far as to consider the petrol notes a defect which they try to avoid, even at the cost of producing wines that are less suited to extended cellar aging. In that vein, the German Wine Institute has gone so far as to omit the mentioning of "petrol" as a possible aroma on their German-language
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1367:, where the wine is stored just above its freezing point. The wine is kept at this temperature until much of the tartaric acid has crystallized and precipitated out of the wine. This helps prevent crystallization of the acid (often called "wine diamonds") in the bottle. After this, the wine is normally filtered again to remove any remaining
773:(in extreme cases hundreds of grams per litre), more acid (to give balance to the sugar), more flavour, and more complexity. These elements combine to make wines that are amongst the most long lived of all white wines. The beneficial use of "noble rot" in Riesling grapes was discovered in the late 18th century at
643:
Riesling wines are often consumed when young, when they make a fruity and aromatic wine that may have aromas of green or other apples, grapefruit, peach, gooseberry, honey, rose blossom or cut green grass, and usually a crisp taste due to the high acidity. However, Riesling's naturally high acidity
1260:
In Nova Scotia, particularly in the
Annapolis Valley region, Riesling is showing significant promise, being shaped by the warm summer days with cool nights and the extension of the growing season that is being observed. The Maritime climate combined with glacial soils contribute to the interesting
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being very different from neighboring German
Riesling. This is partly from difference in the soil with the clay Alsatian soil being more dominately calcareous than the slate composition of Rheingau. The other differences come in wine making styles, with the Alsatian preferring more French-oriented
837:
using new oak aging. The warmer temperatures in those regions produce heavier wines with a higher alcohol content that can better contend with the new oak. While clearer in individual flavours when it is young, a German
Riesling will harmonize more as it ages, particularly around ten years of age.
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In contrast to other
Alsatian wines, Rieslings d'Alsace are usually not meant to be drunk young, but many are still best in the first years. Rieslings d'Alsace tend to be mostly very dry with a cleansing acidity. They are thick-bodied wines that coat the palate. These wines age exceptionally well
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in French) that is sometimes described with comparisons to kerosene, lubricant, or rubber. While an integral part of the aroma profile of mature
Riesling and sought after by many experienced drinkers, it may be off-putting to those unaccustomed to it, and those who primarily seek young and fruity
828:
Two common characteristics of German
Riesling are that they are rarely blended with other varieties and usually never exposed to oak flavour (despite some vintners fermenting in "traditionel" old oak barrels already leached). To this last item there is an exception with some winters in the wine
1074:. Austrian Riesling is generally thick bodied, coating the palate and producing a strong clarity of flavour coupled with a mouthwatering aroma. A particular Austrian Riesling trademark is a long finish that includes hints of white pepper. It flourishes in the cool climate and free-draining
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region where
Austrian wine laws allow for irrigation. With levels normally around 13% it has a relatively high alcohol content for Riesling and is generally at its peak after 5 years. Austrian Riesling is not known for its sweetness and is mostly dry with very few grapes affected by
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These factors are usually also considered to contribute to high-quality
Riesling wines, so the petrol note is in fact more likely to develop in top wines than in simpler wines made from high-yielding vineyards, especially those from the New World, where irrigation is common.
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Australian
Rieslings are noted for their oily texture and citrus fruit flavors in their youth and a smooth balance of freshness and acid as they age. The botrytized Rieslings have immense levels of flavor concentrations that have been favorably compared to lemon marmalade.
332:. As of 2004, Riesling was estimated to be the world's 20th most grown variety at 48,700 hectares (120,000 acres) (with an increasing trend), but in terms of importance for quality wines, it is usually included in the "top three" white wine varieties together with
1495:
In the late 19th century, German horticulturalists devoted many efforts to develop new Riesling hybrids that would create a more flexible, less temperamental grape that could still retain some of the elegant characteristics of Riesling. The most notable is the
1047:, producing a lean wine that, as it matures, produces toasty, honeycomb and lime aromas and flavors. It is common for Australian Rieslings to be fermented at low temperatures in stainless steel tanks with no oxidation of the wine, followed by earlier bottling.
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Before technology in wineries could stabilize temperatures, the low temperatures in winter of the northern German regions would halt fermentation and leave the resulting wines with natural sugars and a low alcohol content. According to local tradition, in the
652:, are especially suited for cellaring since the high sugar content provides for additional preservation. However, high-quality dry or off-dry Riesling wine is also known not just to have survived but also to have been enjoyable at an age exceeding 100 years.
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A German Riesling from the 1975 vintage, an Erbacher Siegelsberg Kabinett from Schloss Reinhartshausen in Rheingau, uncorked at 32 years of age in 2007. It shows the typical golden to amber colour of aged Riesling, which is shared by many other aged white
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P. Winterhalter (1991). "1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (TDN) formation in wine. 1. Studies on the hydrolysis of 2,6,10,10-tetramethyl-1-oxaspirodec-6-ene-2,8-diol rationalizing the origin of TDN and related C13 norisoprenoids in Riesling wine".
702:. The initial concentration of precursors in the wine determines the wine's potential to develop TDN and petrol notes over time. From what is known of the production of carotenoids in grapes, factors that are likely to increase the TDN potential are:
1344:. During fermentation, the wine is cooled in temperature controlled stainless steel fermentation tanks kept between 10 and 18 °C (50 and 64 °F). This differs from red wines that normally ferment at 24 to 29 °C (75 to 84 °F)
1406:
Riesling-based wines in Germany and Alsace). This means that Riesling tends to be lighter weight and therefore suitable to a wider range of foods. The sharp acidity/sweetness in Rieslings can serve as a good balance to foods that have a high
1134:
New York Riesling generally has a characteristic effervescent light body with a similarly light, mellow flavor. The wine can be dynamic though rarely robust, and ranges from dry to sweet. New York is also a notable producer of Riesling-based
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with a quality vintage aging up to 20 years. This is beneficial since the flavours in an Alsace wine will often open up after three years, developing softer and fruitier flavours. Riesling is very suitable for the late harvest
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dedicated completely to Riesling production. Riesling from this area ranges from dry to sweet, and has a crisp lightness that bodes well for easy drinking. Often there will be an easily detectable peach and mineral complex
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of White Riesling, but some experts have suggested the opposite relationship, i.e., that Red Riesling could be the forerunner of White Riesling. Small amounts of Red Riesling are grown in Germany and Austria. In 2006, the
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where the weather is more likely to encourage the needed botrytis to develop. The Riesling that does come out of California tends to be softer, fuller, and having more diverse flavours than a "typical" German Riesling.
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methods that produce wines of higher alcohol content (normally around 12%) and more roundness due to longer time spent in neutral oak barrels or steel tanks. In contrast to German wine laws, Alsatian rieslings can be
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Noble rot is employed in many viticultural areas, including the Clare, Barossa, and Eden Valleys in South Australia, and in the southern growing region of Tasmania, though none are as renowned as those from Germany.
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to create specialty wines such as the Eroica brand. With annual productions of over 2,000,000 cases a year, Chateau Ste. Michelle is the worldwide leader in the production of Riesling wines by volume. In 2007
1374:
In viticulture, the two main components in growing Riesling grapes are to keep it "Long & Low" meaning that the ideal situation for Riesling is a climate that allows for a long, slow ripening and proper
1676:, Freiburg 3-29, Geilweilerhof F.S. 4-208-13, Geilweilerhof Koe-49-81, Geilweilerhof Koe-68-107, Geilweilerhof Koe-70-4, Geilweilerhof Koe-70-96, Geilweilerhof Sbl. 2-19-43, Geisenheim 154, Geisenheim 156,
1158:
in popularity and is not as commonly planted. A notable exception is the growing development of high quality Late Harvest dessert wines. So far, the Late Harvest wines most successfully produced are in the
601:. It is presumed that the Riesling was born somewhere in the valley of the Rhine, since both Heunisch and Traminer have a long documented history in Germany, but with parents from either side of the
1748:
is an unrelated variety, which is common in Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, and Romania, and that may also be labelled as Riesling Italico, Welsch Rizling, Olasz Rizling or Laski Rizling.
307:
1646:
1039:. The warmer Australian climate produces thicker skinned grapes, sometimes seven times the thickness of German grown grapes. The grapes ripen in free draining soil composed of red soil over
781:(which owned the vineyard) to start picking Riesling grapes arrived too late and the grapes had begun to rot; yet it turned out that the wine made from them was still of excellent quality.
1463:
winery Fritz Allendorf planted what has been claimed to be the first commercial amounts of Red Riesling. To confuse matters, "Red Riesling" has also been used as a synonym for red-skinned
1921:
577:, which are claimed locally to have given Riesling its name. However, there seems to be no documentary evidence to back this up, so this claim is not widely believed to be correct.
1399:. A Riesling's typical aromas are of flowers, tropical fruits, and mineral stone (such as slate or quartz), although, with time, the wine acquires a petrol note as mentioned above.
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1434:
of Riesling, with slightly different properties. In Germany, approximately 60 clones are allowed, and the most famous of these have been propagated from vines in the vineyards of
2797:
2758:
1325:, the delicate nature of the Riesling grape requires special handling during harvesting to avoid crushing or bruising the skin. Without this care, the broken skins could leak
1391:, because of its balance of sugar and acidity. It can be paired with white fish or pork, and is one of the few wines that can stand up to the stronger flavours and spices of
1058:
area and for late harvests in the Nelson region. In comparison to Australian Riesling, New Zealand produces lighter and more delicate wines that range from sweet to dry.
751:(often amongst the most expensive in the world), produced by letting the grapes hang on the vines well past normal picking time. Through evaporation caused by the fungus
769:), water is removed and the resulting ultra concentrated juice is used to make the sweet wines. These wines are felt to offer richer layers on the palate, and have more
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1115:
to mark the plants' origin. "Johannisberg Riesling" became a semi-generic name for Riesling until an agreement between the U.S. and EU prohibited its use in 2006.
612:
of Riesling is the forerunner of the common, "white" Riesling. The genetic differences between white and red Riesling are minuscule, as is also the case between
597:, a variety that, while rare today, was widely grown by the French and German peasantry of the Middle Ages. The other parent is a cross between a wild vine and
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2014:
A earlier reference from 1402 in the city of Worms (Germany) that is sometimes quoted is not correct and based on a missinterpretation from the 1960s; see
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Earlier, Riesling was sometimes claimed to have originated from wild vines of the Rhine region, without much support to back up that claim. More recently,
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In British Columbia, Riesling is commonly grown for use in icewine, table wine, and sekt-style sparkling wines, a notable example of which is Cipes Brut.
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In the Pacific Northwest, there is a stark contrast in Riesling production. Although Oregon was once viewed as a promising destination for the grape,
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853:. In cool years, some growers will wait until November to harvest in expectation of having a higher level of ripeness and subsequent tartaric acid.
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Riesling is grown in other regions as well, including colder parts of relatively warm states such as Oklahoma (where it has even been made into an
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1438:. Most other countries have sourced their Riesling clones directly from Germany, but they are sometimes propagated under different designations.
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393:, with well-made examples from favorable vintages often developing smokey, honey notes, and aged German Rieslings, in particular, taking on a "
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http://www.winesandvines.com/template.cfm?section=features&content=49688&ftitle=Michigan%20Ice%20Wine%20Rises%20When%20Mercury%20Falls
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A bunch of Riesling grapes after the onset of noble rot. The difference in colour between affected and unaffected grapes is clearly visible.
565:, but it is not certain that this reference is to the grape variety. However, in 1477, Riesling was documented in Alsace under the spelling
324:
grape variety displaying flowery, almost perfumed, aromas as well as high acidity. It is used to make dry, semi-sweet, sweet, and sparkling
2821:
1918:
1562:
2756:
Fruit Production 2005, U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, Michigan Field Office, January 25, 2006,
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Riesling has a long history, and there are several written references to the variety dating from the 15th century, although with varying
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1355:. This helps preserve the tart, acidic characteristic of the wine that gives Riesling its "thirst-quenching" quality. (Producers of
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More common aging periods for Riesling wines would be 5–15 years for dry, 10–20 years for semi-sweet and 10–30+ for sweet versions.
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process. Once, right after picking to preserve the grapes' more delicate flavours. Second, after it has been processed through a
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levels measuring the sweetness of the wine. Equally important to winegrowers is the balance of acidity between the green tasting
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Today Riesling is Germany’s leading grape variety, known for its characteristic “transparency” in flavour and presentation of
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210:
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spearheaded Riesling's growth. Chateau Ste. Michille championed German styles and partnered with well-known German firm Dr.
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region of Alsace with 21.9% and 3,350 hectares (8,300 acres). In Germany, the variety is particularly widely planted in the
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2296:
1418:
As with other white wines, dry Riesling is generally served at a cool 11 °C (52 °F). Sweeter Rieslings are often
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into the juice, giving a markedly coarse taste and throwing off balance the Riesling's range of flavors and aromas.
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663:, Germany, stores 650+ German wines, including Riesling-based wines, often in barrel and back to the 1653 vintage.
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Riesling is almost never fermented or aged in new oak (although large old oak barrels are often used to store and
400:
In 2015, Riesling was the most grown variety in Germany with 23.0% and 23,596 hectares (58,310 acres), and in the
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842:
3389:
1983:
1054:
Riesling was first planted in New Zealand in the 1970s and has flourished in the relatively cool climate of the
346:-expressive", meaning that the character of Riesling wines is greatly influenced by the wine's place of origin.
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112:
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389:. Riesling's naturally high acidity and pronounced fruit flavors give wines made from the grape exceptional
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1062:, the home of cool climate wines, has recently emerged as another area producing terroir driven Rieslings.
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2923:
1450:). As the name suggests, this is a red-skinned clone of Riesling (a skin color commonly found for, e.g.,
841:
In Germany, sugar levels at time of harvest are an important consideration in the wine's production with
911:
Riesling is on record as being planted in the Alsace region by 1477 when its quality was praised by the
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1332:
A wine that is best at its "freshest" states, the grapes and juice may be chilled often throughout the
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between late September and late November, and late harvest Riesling can be picked as late as January.
648:
rates aged German Rieslings, some hundreds of years old, highly. Sweet Riesling wines, such as German
4057:
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1472:
1363:
often avoid malolactic fermentation for the same reason.) Riesling is often put through a process of
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Riesling is also widely grown in Luxembourg (where it represents some 12% of the vineyard), Hungary,
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378:
377:, Riesling is often noted for a characteristic lime note that tends to emerge in examples from the
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195:
26:"Johannisberger" redirects here. For another wine grape that is also known as Johannisberger, see
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3315:
3151:
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1940:
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683:, which is supposed to be specially adapted to German wines, and despite the fact that professor
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1220:, Riesling is a fairly common variety, in part on account of its suitability for that purpose.
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bottles. Similar bottles, although brown, are used for Riesling produced in the Rhine region.
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of the place where it is grown. It is particularly well suited for slate and sandy clay soil.
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500:
518:. The earliest of these references dates from March 13, 1435, when the storage inventory of
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2017:
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1446:
A very rare version of Riesling that has recently received more attention is Red Riesling (
1435:
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region, was one of the earliest U.S. producers of Riesling. Plantings started to appear in
1112:
892:
774:
649:
469:
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1454:), but not a dark-skinned clone, i.e., it is still a white wine grape. It is considered a
915:. Today over a fifth of Alsace's vineyards are covered with Riesling vines, mostly in the
365:
variety that can develop more citrus and peach notes is grown in warmer climates (such as
8:
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353:), Riesling wines tend to exhibit apple and tree fruit notes with noticeable levels of
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and range of flavours make it suitable for extended aging. International wine expert
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greatly increased in popularity. Riesling still flourishes in the Great Southern of
1011:. Riesling was the most planted white grape in Australia until the early 1990s when
966:
821:, and its balance between fruit and mineral flavours. In Germany, Riesling normally
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4263:
4208:
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Many grapes that incorporate the name Riesling are not true Riesling. For example:
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453:
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1944:
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489:
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321:
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According to French regulations as of 2011, this variety may only be planted in
2293:
1990:
The History of the County of Katzenelnbogen and the First Riesling of the World.
19:"Rossling" redirects here. For the Swiss wine grape also known as Rossling, see
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2971:. Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof (IRZ), Siebeldingen, Germany.
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935:
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Riesling wines from Germany cover a vast array of tastes from sweet to off-dry
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85:
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3697:
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1755:
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1468:
1460:
1376:
1326:
1201:
1180:
1172:
1116:
888:
887:. Late harvest Rieslings can ripen to become very sweet dessert wines of the
850:
822:
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629:
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473:
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183:
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1512:). Other Riesling/Silvaner crosses include the Palatinate regional favorite
20:
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3359:
3297:
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1368:
1360:
1333:
1282:
1099:
987:
973:, Riesling is one of the acceptable varieties whose planting is allowed in
684:
590:
534:("22 shillings for Riesling vine cuttings for the vineyard"). The spelling
465:
445:
405:
157:
3517:
3001:
A Case Study of Chateau Ste. Michelle in Marketing Riesling (ppt download)
2000:
Winzerfreunde Rüsselsheim - facsimile and translation of the 1435 document
1528:
is a high-quality cross that has recently eclipsed Riesling in plantings.
805:
Riesling is considered one of the grape varieties that best expresses the
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3639:
3537:
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1980:
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Riesling is the second leading white grape varietal after the indigenous
862:
515:
413:
401:
362:
153:
58:
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716:, and there primarily in certain dry vineyard sites in hot and dry years
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125:
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1846:"American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition"
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2523:
2400:
2372:
1790:
1705:
1574:
1517:
1513:
1234:
and is produced and sold at award-winning wineries across the state.
1175:
wines came to dominate, while in Washington, large producers such as
1040:
1036:
941:
916:
758:
573:
in Austria, there is a small stream and a small vineyard both called
554:
538:
is repeated in many other documents of the time. The modern spelling
449:
149:
1811:(= Riesling Renano in Italy, occasionally Rheinriesling in Austria).
793:
732:
712:
Water stress, which is most likely in regions which do not practice
3614:
3609:
3599:
3492:
3472:
3439:
3250:
3213:
3125:
3120:
3105:
2519:
1773:
1509:
1464:
1415:
is sometimes cooked with riesling to reduce the vegetable's smell.
1217:
1136:
920:
762:
602:
598:
527:
425:
137:
64:
27:
4102:
3334:
2966:
1720:, Weinsberg S509, Weinsberg S516, Weinsberg S523, Weinsberg S2630
1019:(in particular Mt Barker, Frankland River and Porongurup), and in
861:
region the wine would then be bottled in tall, tapered, and green
674:
On release, certain Riesling wines reveal a striking petrol note (
4067:
3873:
3624:
3477:
3452:
3379:
3115:
3005:
1431:
1412:
1298:
1294:
1278:
1243:
1224:
1188:, another Pacific Northwest winery and owned by Randall Grahm of
1075:
806:
770:
766:
421:
342:
175:
141:
133:
121:
117:
3228:
2861:
Winery Technology & Operations A Handbook for Small Wineries
868:
Riesling is also the preferred grape in production of Deutscher
4032:
3995:
3619:
3507:
3502:
2720:"The Small Producers Driving the West Coast's Riesling Revival"
1535:
lists the following crosses with Riesling as the first parent:
1302:
1083:
558:
547:
429:
394:
165:
129:
1139:, although a large majority of New York Ice Wine is made from
263:
239:
3816:
3532:
3487:
3457:
2018:"Alte Rebsorten. Forschungsstand, Verbreitung, Neuzüchtungen"
1476:
1286:
1270:
1044:
834:
589:
by Ferdinand Regner indicated that one parent of Riesling is
420:
regions. There are also significant plantings of Riesling in
317:
145:
104:
42:
328:. Riesling wines are usually varietally pure and are seldom
3084:
3040:
1585:
195, Geisenheim 643-10, Geisenheim 643-20, Geisenheim 649,
1532:
1408:
1103:
A Riesling from the Columbia Valley AVA of Washington State
1079:
869:
741:
690:
The petrol note is considered to be caused by the compound
275:
251:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2534:
2532:
2396:
2394:
2311:
2309:
958:, with good acidity keeping up the sweetness of the wine.
687:
had included petrol in her original version of the wheel.
2362:
Roll out the riesling, German wines are making a comeback
669:
272:
248:
2924:
Wein-Plus Magazine September 6, 2006: Allendorf sees red
1111:
brought with them Riesling vines, borrowing the name of
3053:
2593:
2529:
2391:
2306:
1919:
German Wine Institute: German Wine Statistics 2015-2016
2967:
Maul, Erika; Töpfer, Reinhard; Eibach, Rudolf (2007).
2216:
Riesling Report issue #13 March/April 2002, pp. 8-13:
694:(TDN), which during the aging process is created from
542:
was first documented in 1552 when it was mentioned in
2968:
1937:
1873:
Third Edition, Oxford University Press 2006, p. 746:
1230:
Riesling is also grown throughout all the regions in
797:
Riesling vines on a steep, south-facing slope in the
608:
It has also been suggested, but not proved, that the
284:
266:
242:
2104:
2102:
269:
260:
245:
236:
2624:
2622:
2489:
2487:
1732:A bottle of Riesling of Rhein/Rizling rajnski from
1379:to keep the yield low and the flavor concentrated.
761:") or by freezing and pressing (as is the case for
605:the cross could have happened anywhere on the way.
257:
233:
1524:, a cross between Riesling and the red wine grape
2236:
2234:
2099:
1863:
4590:
2691:
2619:
2484:
1901:pp. 6-9, Second Revised Edition (2012), London,
532:"22 ß umb seczreben Rießlingen in die wingarten"
2608:Websters International Publishers 2001, p. 199
2581:Queensland Government Wine Development-Riesling
2542:Websters International Publishers 2001, p. 198
2473:Websters International Publishers 2001, p. 193
2428:Websters International Publishers 2001, p. 197
2407:Websters International Publishers 2001, p. 195
2319:Websters International Publishers 2001, p. 194
2265:
2046:Websters International Publishers 2001, p. 192
1912:
1317:A German Spätlese-level Riesling from the Mosel
2231:
1899:"Wine and Spirits: Understanding Wine Quality"
1762:, but which is also grown in Southern Germany.
706:Ripe grapes, i.e., low yields and late harvest
4118:
3832:
3069:
2745:"Bonny Doon has crush on Washington Riesling"
1955:
1953:
1799:is the 'real' Riesling, which is also called
1031:and around Polish Hill River, and the cooler
2692:Brostrom, Geralyn G; Brostrom, Jack (2009).
982:
505:
2057:
4125:
4111:
3839:
3825:
3076:
3062:
2269:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
1950:
1504:in 1882, which is a cross of Riesling and
1430:There exists a large number of commercial
1242:In Ontario, Riesling is commonly used for
57:
2944:Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine
2651:Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine
2630:Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine
2561:Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine
2495:Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine
2450:Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine
2240:
2078:
1508:(although long believed to be Riesling x
659:(council wine cellar) of the townhall of
3039:
2863:The Wine Appreciation Guild 1996, p. 89
2747:p. 26, Wine Press Northwest Spring 2007.
2182:.com: Exploding myths about German wine.
1754:(Black Riesling) is the German name for
1727:
1483:. Roter Riesling has nothing to do with
1312:
1098:
986:
940:
902:
792:
731:
633:
499:
340:. Riesling is a variety that is highly "
4017:Clarification and stabilization of wine
2969:"Vitis International Variety Catalogue"
2962:
2960:
2243:Rheingold - The German Wine Renaissance
2132:Rheingold - The German Wine Renaissance
1832:
1254:, 20 Mile Bench, and Beamsville Bench.
1192:, has built the first wine facility in
4591:
2782:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2643:
2024:. Institute for Regional Studies Mainz
1981:http://www.graf-von-katzenelnbogen.de/
1893:
1891:
692:1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene
670:Petroleum notes in aged Riesling wines
4106:
3820:
3057:
3038:
2695:The Business of Wine: An Encyclopedia
788:
510:-level German Riesling from the Mosel
299:
2957:
2914:, Andrew Corrigan, eWineconsult.com.
2245:. Arima Publishing. pp. 90–97.
4132:
2015:
1931:
1897:Wine & Spirits Education Trust
1888:
1502:Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute
1027:, and particularly in the areas of
13:
14:
4610:
3101:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
2989:
2218:The Rewards of Cellaring Riesling
2067:Mitchell Beazley 2004, pp. 90-92
1963:Mitchell Beazley 2004, pp. 16-18
1387:Riesling is a versatile wine for
907:Riesling grapes growing in Alsace
609:
357:that are sometimes balanced with
4080:
3788:
1264:
1107:In the late nineteenth century,
1094:
229:
2975:from the original on 2008-10-13
2936:
2917:
2898:
2887:Workman Publishing 2001 p. 554
2874:
2853:
2835:
2824:from the original on 2012-07-29
2810:
2791:
2750:
2737:
2712:
2685:
2674:Workman Publishing 2001 p. 569
2664:
2574:
2553:
2508:
2463:
2439:
2418:
2378:
2354:
2330:
2294:History of Schloss Johannisberg
2287:
2259:
2209:
2185:
2164:
2144:
2134:, Arima Publishing 2005, p. 91
2124:
2036:
1441:
1351:, most Riesling do not undergo
520:Count John IV of Katzenelnbogen
349:In cool climates (such as many
205:Underripeness in colder regions
3846:
2121:, accessed on 13 January 2013.
2088:Mitchell Beazley 2004, p. 118
2008:
1993:
1974:
1838:
1261:expressions that are showing.
1250:region, which encompasses the
991:Gold lettering on collectible
96:Rhein Riesling, Johannisberger
1:
4043:Glossary of viticulture terms
2343:Mitchell Beazley 2002 p. 105
2022:Weingeschichte in Rheinhessen
1308:
1305:, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.
4048:Glossary of winemaking terms
2996:A history of German Riesling
2388:September 30th, 2006 p. 124.
1947:, read on September 9, 2007.
1871:The Oxford Companion to Wine
1382:
1003:planted Riesling vines near
849:and the more citrus tasting
727:
623:
580:
561:from 1348 contains the text
7:
2905:"Riesling and Germany 2005"
1815:
1479:, which is a seed plant of
1154:, Riesling lags far behind
10:
4615:
4599:White wine grape varieties
3968:Yeast assimilable nitrogen
3011:The Myth of Sweet Riesling
2946:Hermes House 2006, p. 181
2698:. -: ABC-CLIO. p. 9.
2606:The Encyclopedia of Grapes
2563:Hermes House 2006, p. 121
2540:The Encyclopedia of Grapes
2471:The Encyclopedia of Grapes
2426:The Encyclopedia of Grapes
2405:The Encyclopedia of Grapes
2317:The Encyclopedia of Grapes
2198:Little, Brown 2002 p. 344
2154:Little, Brown 2002 pg 343
2044:The Encyclopedia of Grapes
1772:name for the French grape
1652:And as the second parent:
1490:
1475:) and the obscure variety
1065:
956:Sélection de Grains Nobles
812:
627:
593:, known to the Germans as
495:
25:
18:
4540:
4519:
4493:
4302:
4191:
4140:
4076:
4058:History of the wine press
4025:
4009:
3981:
3948:Sparkling wine production
3933:
3915:
3882:
3854:
3782:
3721:
3683:
3578:
3555:
3438:
3325:
3313:
3206:
3134:
3091:
3051:
2653:Hermes House 2006, p. 71
2632:Hermes House 2006, p. 75
2497:Hermes House 2006, p. 74
2452:Hermes House 2006, p. 70
2384:Wine Spectator Magazine,
1723:
1473:Klevener de Heiligenstein
1425:
1237:
983:Australia and New Zealand
898:
506:
209:
201:
171:
111:
100:
92:
80:
72:
56:
40:
35:
4053:Wine tasting descriptors
3774:Wine tasting descriptors
3703:Phenolic content in wine
3595:Alternative wine closure
3179:Great French Wine Blight
3083:
2818:"Oklahoma Wine and Food"
2788:, accessed July 20, 2006
1786:, a white mutant of the
1127:by 1857 and followed in
63:Ripe Riesling grapes in
3943:Malolactic fermentation
2386:Wine in Northern Europe
2341:Vines, Grapes and Wines
1803:(named after the famed
1611:Muscat de la Republique
1353:malolactic fermentation
744:made from Riesling are
320:region. Riesling is an
316:that originated in the
4325:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2375:dated 9 December 2019.
1736:
1318:
1216:) are known for their
1186:Pacific Rim Winemakers
1119:, particularly in the
1104:
996:
946:
908:
802:
777:. Permission from the
737:
640:
511:
3744:Wine and food pairing
2929:May 12, 2011, at the
1827:International variety
1801:Johannisberg Riesling
1731:
1649:S186, Weinsberg S195
1411:content. In Germany,
1316:
1275:Friuli-Venezia Giulia
1206:Old Mission Peninsula
1177:Chateau Ste. Michelle
1102:
990:
944:
906:
796:
735:
637:
503:
3395:Muscat of Alexandria
2086:Riesling Renaissance
2065:Riesling Renaissance
1961:Riesling Renaissance
1833:Notes and references
1805:Schloss Johannisberg
1467:grapes (such as the
1436:Schloss Johannisberg
1113:Schloss Johannisberg
945:An Alsatian Riesling
893:trockenbeerenauslese
775:Schloss Johannisberg
650:Trockenbeerenauslese
180:Trockenbeerenauslese
3973:Yeast in winemaking
3925:Carbonic maceration
3006:The Riesling Report
2859:Dr. Yair Margalit,
2281:10.1021/jf00010a027
2150:Michael Broadbent,
2109:Wein-Plus Glossar:
1850:The Free Dictionary
1613:, Naumburg 231-52,
954:and the botrytized
919:district, with the
740:The most expensive
698:precursors by acid
610:red-skinned version
351:German wine regions
73:Color of berry skin
16:White grape variety
3963:Traditional method
3764:Wine personalities
3468:Cabernet Sauvignon
3028:2019-05-01 at the
3016:2020-12-02 at the
2910:2006-08-25 at the
2846:2013-07-28 at the
2803:2016-03-04 at the
2586:2008-07-20 at the
2367:2020-12-03 at the
2299:2006-07-16 at the
2241:Owen Bird (2005).
2224:2017-12-04 at the
2175:2013-06-18 at the
2117:2016-08-18 at the
1986:2020-08-06 at the
1943:2006-04-09 at the
1924:2020-09-28 at the
1822:German wine labels
1758:, a grape used in
1737:
1710:Riesling Bulgarski
1664:, Dalmasso 12-40,
1639:Riesling Magaracha
1365:cold stabilization
1319:
1248:Niagara Escarpment
1210:Leelanau Peninsula
1105:
997:
993:Sydney Opera House
947:
909:
803:
789:Production regions
738:
641:
587:DNA fingerprinting
512:
301:[ˈʁiːslɪŋ]
4586:
4585:
4100:
4099:
4094:
4093:
3864:Late harvest wine
3814:
3813:
3551:
3550:
3448:Alicante Bouschet
3196:Judgment of Paris
2275:(10): 1825–1829.
2252:978-1-84549-079-9
2192:Michael Broadbent
2140:978-1-84549-079-9
2016:Guthier, Simeon.
1869:J. Robinson (ed)
1500:developed in the
1389:pairing with food
1340:and right before
1252:Short Hills Bench
1165:Alexander Valleys
1109:German immigrants
1017:Western Australia
1001:William Macarthur
924:Riesling d'Alsace
719:High acid content
709:High sun exposure
646:Michael Broadbent
563:zu dem Russelinge
544:Hieronymus Bock's
222:
221:
4606:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4104:
4103:
4085:
4084:
3841:
3834:
3827:
3818:
3817:
3793:
3792:
3708:Proteins in wine
3375:Grüner Veltliner
3323:
3322:
3078:
3071:
3064:
3055:
3054:
3036:
3035:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2964:
2955:
2940:
2934:
2921:
2915:
2902:
2896:
2878:
2872:
2857:
2851:
2839:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2814:
2808:
2795:
2789:
2787:
2781:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2761:. Archived from
2754:
2748:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2724:SevenFifty Daily
2716:
2710:
2709:
2689:
2683:
2668:
2662:
2647:
2641:
2626:
2617:
2602:
2591:
2578:
2572:
2557:
2551:
2536:
2527:
2512:
2506:
2491:
2482:
2467:
2461:
2443:
2437:
2422:
2416:
2398:
2389:
2382:
2376:
2358:
2352:
2334:
2328:
2313:
2304:
2291:
2285:
2284:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2238:
2229:
2213:
2207:
2189:
2183:
2168:
2162:
2148:
2142:
2128:
2122:
2106:
2097:
2082:
2076:
2061:
2055:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2012:
2006:
2004:
1997:
1991:
1978:
1972:
1957:
1948:
1935:
1929:
1916:
1910:
1895:
1886:
1875:"Vine varieties"
1867:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1842:
1734:Northern Croatia
1698:President Carnot
1690:Misket Varnenski
1506:Madeleine Royale
1194:Red Mountain AVA
1129:Washington State
1072:Grüner Veltliner
976:Alsace grand cru
952:Vendange Tardive
932:
913:Duke of Lorraine
754:Botrytis cinerea
681:Wine Aroma Wheel
509:
508:
311:
310:
309:
303:
298:
291:
287:
282:
281:
278:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
259:
254:
253:
250:
247:
244:
241:
238:
235:
192:Alsace Grand Cru
61:
50:
45:
33:
32:
4614:
4613:
4609:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4604:
4603:
4589:
4588:
4587:
4582:
4536:
4515:
4489:
4415:North Macedonia
4298:
4187:
4136:
4134:Wine by country
4131:
4101:
4096:
4095:
4090:
4087:Wine portal
4079:
4072:
4063:History of wine
4021:
4005:
3977:
3929:
3911:
3892:Deacidification
3878:
3850:
3845:
3815:
3810:
3795:Wine portal
3787:
3778:
3717:
3679:
3584:
3574:
3547:
3434:
3415:Sauvignon blanc
3350:Cayetana blanca
3318:
3316:grape varieties
3309:
3202:
3130:
3087:
3082:
3047:
3030:Wayback Machine
3023:Riesling aromas
3018:Wayback Machine
2992:
2987:
2978:
2976:
2965:
2958:
2942:Stuart Walton,
2941:
2937:
2931:Wayback Machine
2922:
2918:
2912:Wayback Machine
2903:
2899:
2879:
2875:
2858:
2854:
2848:Wayback Machine
2840:
2836:
2827:
2825:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2805:Wayback Machine
2796:
2792:
2775:
2774:
2768:
2766:
2759:"Archived copy"
2757:
2755:
2751:
2742:
2738:
2729:
2727:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2706:
2690:
2686:
2670:Karen MacNeil,
2669:
2665:
2649:Stuart Walton,
2648:
2644:
2628:Stuart Walton,
2627:
2620:
2603:
2594:
2588:Wayback Machine
2579:
2575:
2559:Stuart Walton,
2558:
2554:
2537:
2530:
2513:
2509:
2493:Stuart Walton,
2492:
2485:
2468:
2464:
2444:
2440:
2423:
2419:
2399:
2392:
2383:
2379:
2369:Wayback Machine
2360:Andrew Ellson,
2359:
2355:
2337:Jancis Robinson
2335:
2331:
2314:
2307:
2301:Wayback Machine
2292:
2288:
2264:
2260:
2253:
2239:
2232:
2226:Wayback Machine
2214:
2210:
2190:
2186:
2180:Jancis Robinson
2177:Wayback Machine
2169:
2165:
2149:
2145:
2129:
2125:
2119:Wayback Machine
2107:
2100:
2083:
2079:
2062:
2058:
2041:
2037:
2027:
2025:
2013:
2009:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1988:Wayback Machine
1979:
1975:
1958:
1951:
1945:Wayback Machine
1936:
1932:
1926:Wayback Machine
1917:
1913:
1896:
1889:
1868:
1864:
1854:
1852:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1818:
1752:Schwarzriesling
1726:
1555:Bouquetriesling
1493:
1485:Schwarzriesling
1481:Roter Veltliner
1444:
1428:
1397:Chinese cuisine
1385:
1371:or impurities.
1357:Sauvignon blanc
1311:
1293:, particularly
1273:, particularly
1267:
1240:
1097:
1068:
1021:South Australia
1009:New South Wales
985:
961:In addition to
926:
901:
815:
791:
730:
676:goût de pétrole
672:
632:
626:
595:Weißer Heunisch
583:
498:
391:aging potential
387:South Australia
338:Sauvignon blanc
305:
304:
296:
289:
285:
256:
232:
228:
188:Grosses Gewächs
113:Notable regions
68:
48:
41:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4612:
4602:
4601:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4544:
4542:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4529:
4523:
4521:
4517:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4497:
4495:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4485:United Kingdom
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4345:Czech Republic
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4306:
4304:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4195:
4193:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4144:
4142:
4138:
4137:
4130:
4129:
4122:
4115:
4107:
4098:
4097:
4092:
4091:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4029:
4027:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4019:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3987:
3985:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3953:Sugars in wine
3950:
3945:
3939:
3937:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3921:
3919:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3909:
3904:
3902:Chaptalization
3899:
3894:
3888:
3886:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3860:
3858:
3852:
3851:
3844:
3843:
3836:
3829:
3821:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3729:Classification
3725:
3723:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3713:Sugars in wine
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3689:
3687:
3685:Wine chemistry
3681:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3660:Wine dispenser
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3591:
3589:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3567:
3561:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3463:Cabernet Franc
3460:
3455:
3450:
3444:
3442:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3432:
3430:Welschriesling
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3385:Müller-Thurgau
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3331:
3329:
3320:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3237:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3188:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3152:Ancient Greece
3149:
3140:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3097:
3095:
3089:
3088:
3081:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3058:
3052:
3049:
3048:
3033:
3032:
3020:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2991:
2990:External links
2988:
2986:
2985:
2956:
2935:
2916:
2897:
2885:The Wine Bible
2873:
2852:
2834:
2809:
2790:
2749:
2736:
2711:
2704:
2684:
2672:The Wine Bible
2663:
2642:
2618:
2592:
2573:
2552:
2528:
2507:
2483:
2462:
2438:
2417:
2390:
2377:
2353:
2329:
2305:
2286:
2258:
2251:
2230:
2208:
2184:
2163:
2143:
2123:
2111:Roter Riesling
2098:
2084:Freddy Price,
2077:
2063:Freddy Price,
2056:
2035:
2007:
1992:
1973:
1959:Freddy Price,
1949:
1930:
1911:
1887:
1862:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1809:Rhine Riesling
1797:White Riesling
1794:
1784:Trousseau gris
1777:
1763:
1749:
1745:Welschriesling
1725:
1722:
1670:Dr. Deckerrebe
1615:Oraniensteiner
1603:Müller Thurgau
1599:Marienriesling
1595:Manzoni bianco
1551:Beutelriesling
1547:Augustriesling
1539:Alb de Yaloven
1498:Müller-Thurgau
1492:
1489:
1452:Gewürztraminer
1448:Roter Riesling
1443:
1440:
1427:
1424:
1384:
1381:
1310:
1307:
1291:Central Europe
1266:
1263:
1239:
1236:
1173:Burgundy-style
1096:
1093:
1067:
1064:
984:
981:
967:Gewürztraminer
900:
897:
874:sparkling wine
814:
811:
790:
787:
779:Abbey of Fulda
729:
726:
721:
720:
717:
710:
707:
671:
668:
625:
622:
582:
579:
526:(close to the
497:
494:
434:Czech Republic
359:residual sugar
220:
219:
214:
207:
206:
203:
199:
198:
196:Wachau Smaragd
173:
169:
168:
115:
109:
108:
102:
98:
97:
94:
90:
89:
86:Vitis vinifera
82:
78:
77:
74:
70:
69:
62:
54:
53:
38:
37:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4611:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4543:
4541:South America
4539:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4522:
4518:
4512:
4511:United States
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4494:North America
4492:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4390:Liechtenstein
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4301:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4190:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4135:
4128:
4123:
4121:
4116:
4114:
4109:
4108:
4105:
4089:
4088:
4083:
4075:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4024:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4008:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3984:
3980:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3936:
3932:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3918:
3914:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3885:
3881:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3842:
3837:
3835:
3830:
3828:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3791:
3785:
3784:
3781:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3698:Acids in wine
3696:
3694:
3693:Aroma of wine
3691:
3690:
3688:
3686:
3682:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3588:
3582:
3577:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3560:
3558:
3557:Major regions
3554:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3513:Montepulciano
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3443:
3441:
3437:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3328:
3324:
3321:
3317:
3312:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3172:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3079:
3074:
3072:
3067:
3065:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3037:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2974:
2970:
2963:
2961:
2953:
2952:1-84081-177-3
2949:
2945:
2939:
2932:
2928:
2925:
2920:
2913:
2909:
2906:
2901:
2894:
2893:1-56305-434-5
2890:
2886:
2882:
2881:Karen MacNeil
2877:
2870:
2869:0-932664-66-0
2866:
2862:
2856:
2849:
2845:
2842:
2838:
2823:
2819:
2813:
2806:
2802:
2799:
2794:
2785:
2779:
2765:on 2007-01-06
2764:
2760:
2753:
2746:
2740:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2707:
2705:9780313354014
2701:
2697:
2696:
2688:
2681:
2680:1-56305-434-5
2677:
2673:
2667:
2660:
2659:1-84081-177-3
2656:
2652:
2646:
2639:
2638:1-84081-177-3
2635:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2615:
2614:0-15-100714-4
2611:
2607:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2589:
2585:
2582:
2577:
2570:
2569:1-84081-177-3
2566:
2562:
2556:
2549:
2548:0-15-100714-4
2545:
2541:
2535:
2533:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2511:
2504:
2503:1-84081-177-3
2500:
2496:
2490:
2488:
2480:
2479:0-15-100714-4
2476:
2472:
2466:
2459:
2458:1-84081-177-3
2455:
2451:
2447:
2446:Stuart Walton
2442:
2435:
2434:0-15-100714-4
2431:
2427:
2421:
2414:
2413:0-15-100714-4
2410:
2406:
2402:
2397:
2395:
2387:
2381:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2357:
2350:
2349:1-85732-999-6
2346:
2342:
2338:
2333:
2326:
2325:0-15-100714-4
2322:
2318:
2312:
2310:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2290:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2262:
2254:
2248:
2244:
2237:
2235:
2227:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2204:0-15-100704-7
2201:
2197:
2196:Vintage Wines
2193:
2188:
2181:
2178:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2160:0-15-100704-7
2157:
2153:
2152:Vintage Wines
2147:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2127:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2105:
2103:
2095:
2094:1-84000-777-X
2091:
2087:
2081:
2074:
2073:1-84000-777-X
2070:
2066:
2060:
2053:
2052:0-15-100714-4
2049:
2045:
2039:
2023:
2019:
2011:
2001:
1996:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1977:
1970:
1969:1-84000-777-X
1966:
1962:
1956:
1954:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1934:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1915:
1908:
1907:9781905819157
1904:
1900:
1894:
1892:
1884:
1883:0-19-860990-6
1880:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1851:
1847:
1841:
1837:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1780:Gray Riesling
1778:
1775:
1771:
1770:South African
1767:
1766:Cape Riesling
1764:
1761:
1757:
1756:Pinot Meunier
1753:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1591:Kocsis Zsuzsa
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1534:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1469:Savagnin rose
1466:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1423:
1421:
1420:served warmer
1416:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1380:
1378:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1338:bladder press
1335:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1315:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1265:Other regions
1262:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1235:
1233:
1228:
1227:) and Texas.
1226:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1214:Traverse City
1211:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1181:Ernest Loosen
1178:
1174:
1169:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1101:
1095:United States
1092:
1090:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1063:
1061:
1060:Central Otago
1057:
1052:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
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978:
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957:
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943:
939:
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925:
922:
918:
914:
905:
896:
895:(TBA) class.
894:
890:
889:beerenauslese
886:
882:
877:
875:
871:
866:
864:
860:
854:
852:
851:tartaric acid
848:
844:
839:
836:
832:
826:
824:
820:
810:
808:
800:
795:
786:
782:
780:
776:
772:
768:
765:- in German,
764:
760:
756:
755:
750:
749:dessert wines
747:
743:
734:
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718:
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688:
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636:
631:
630:Aging of wine
621:
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474:United States
471:
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427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
398:
397:" character.
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
369:and parts of
368:
364:
363:late-ripening
360:
356:
352:
347:
345:
344:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
314:grape variety
312:) is a white
308:
302:
294:
293:
280:
226:
218:
215:
212:
208:
204:
200:
197:
193:
189:
185:
184:Beerenauslese
181:
177:
174:
172:Notable wines
170:
167:
163:
162:United States
159:
155:
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147:
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66:
60:
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51:
44:
39:
34:
29:
22:
4173:South Africa
4078:
3935:Fermentation
3786:
3769:Wine tasting
3404:
3390:Muscat blanc
3360:Chenin blanc
3157:Ancient Rome
2977:. Retrieved
2943:
2938:
2919:
2900:
2884:
2876:
2860:
2855:
2837:
2826:. Retrieved
2812:
2793:
2767:. Retrieved
2763:the original
2752:
2744:
2739:
2728:. Retrieved
2726:. 2021-12-20
2723:
2714:
2694:
2687:
2671:
2666:
2650:
2645:
2629:
2605:
2576:
2560:
2555:
2539:
2510:
2494:
2470:
2465:
2449:
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2420:
2404:
2385:
2380:
2356:
2340:
2332:
2316:
2289:
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2268:
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2242:
2217:
2211:
2195:
2187:
2166:
2151:
2146:
2131:
2126:
2110:
2085:
2080:
2064:
2059:
2043:
2038:
2026:. Retrieved
2021:
2010:
1995:
1976:
1960:
1938:CIVA website
1933:
1914:
1898:
1874:
1870:
1865:
1853:. Retrieved
1849:
1840:
1808:
1800:
1796:
1782:is actually
1779:
1765:
1751:
1743:
1738:
1651:
1579:Frühriesling
1571:Feinriesling
1537:
1530:
1494:
1447:
1445:
1442:Red Riesling
1429:
1417:
1401:
1386:
1373:
1361:Pinot grigio
1346:
1342:fermentation
1334:vinification
1331:
1320:
1283:South Africa
1268:
1259:
1256:
1241:
1229:
1222:
1199:
1170:
1149:
1133:
1121:Finger Lakes
1106:
1082:soil of the
1069:
1053:
1049:
1025:Clare Valley
998:
974:
960:
955:
951:
948:
910:
884:
880:
878:
867:
855:
840:
833:(Pfalz) and
827:
818:
816:
804:
783:
752:
746:late harvest
739:
722:
689:
685:Ann C. Noble
675:
673:
665:
654:
642:
607:
594:
591:Gouais blanc
584:
574:
566:
562:
552:
539:
535:
531:
513:
462:South Africa
399:
379:Clare Valley
348:
341:
224:
223:
158:South Africa
84:
47:
4532:New Zealand
4475:Switzerland
4420:Netherlands
4269:Philippines
4038:Wine bottle
4010:Other steps
4001:Wine cellar
3958:Süssreserve
3650:Wine cellar
3640:Wine bottle
3581:accessories
3579:Packaging,
3538:Tempranillo
3167:Noah's wine
3147:Phoenicians
3093:Viticulture
2604:Oz Clarke,
2538:Oz Clarke,
2469:Oz Clarke,
2424:Oz Clarke,
2315:Oz Clarke,
2130:Owen Bird,
2042:Oz Clarke,
2028:12 December
2003:(in German)
1855:13 December
1694:Negritienok
1674:Elbriesling
1666:Dona Emilia
1567:Ehrenfelser
1323:wine making
1212:AVAs (near
1141:Vidal blanc
1056:Marlborough
1033:Eden Valley
936:chaptalized
927: [
881:halbtrocken
829:regions of
524:Rüsselsheim
516:orthography
454:New Zealand
444:, northern
383:Eden Valley
326:white wines
154:New Zealand
93:Also called
4445:San Marino
4410:Montenegro
4395:Luxembourg
4249:Kazakhstan
4209:Azerbaijan
3917:Maceration
3907:Wine press
3897:Destemming
3848:Winemaking
3754:Wine fraud
3749:Wine fault
3734:Oenophilia
3670:Wine label
3665:Wine glass
3630:Port tongs
3528:Sangiovese
3523:Pinot noir
3483:Douce noir
3410:Rkatsiteli
3355:Chardonnay
3345:Catarratto
3319:by acreage
3293:Biodynamic
3256:Aromatized
3045:winemaking
2979:2007-08-29
2828:2013-06-14
2769:2014-07-22
2730:2022-02-19
1658:Arnsburger
1587:Johanniter
1583:Geisenheim
1563:Edelmuskat
1543:Arnsburger
1526:Trollinger
1349:Chardonnay
1309:Production
1190:Bonny Doon
1156:Chardonnay
1152:California
1125:California
1013:Chardonnay
971:Pinot gris
847:malic acid
831:Palatinate
714:irrigation
700:hydrolysis
696:carotenoid
657:Ratskeller
628:See also:
618:Pinot gris
614:Pinot noir
536:Rießlingen
482:California
478:Washington
472:, and the
442:Luxembourg
418:Pfalz wine
334:Chardonnay
126:Luxembourg
21:Räuschling
4548:Argentina
4527:Australia
4264:Palestine
3869:Noble rot
3759:Winemaker
3739:Sommelier
3675:Wine rack
3655:Wine cork
3645:Wine cave
3635:Screw cap
3605:Corkscrew
3570:New World
3565:Old World
3543:Zinfandel
3518:Mourvèdre
3425:Trebbiano
3365:Colombard
3266:Noble rot
3246:Fortified
3224:Sparkling
3191:New World
2524:Haut-Rhin
2401:Oz Clarke
2373:The Times
1791:port wine
1760:Champagne
1706:Rieslaner
1686:Lafayette
1647:Weinsberg
1575:Floricica
1518:Rieslaner
1514:Scheurebe
1404:stabilize
1383:With food
1131:in 1871.
1041:limestone
1037:High Eden
1029:Watervale
917:Haut-Rhin
891:(BA) and
872:, German
759:noble rot
728:Noble rot
624:Longevity
581:Parentage
555:Kintzheim
553:A map of
450:Australia
375:Australia
150:Australia
107:, Germany
67:, Germany
4593:Category
4568:Paraguay
4460:Slovenia
4455:Slovakia
4430:Portugal
4330:Bulgaria
4284:Thailand
4199:Abkhazia
4178:Tanzania
4158:Ethiopia
3884:Pressing
3806:Glossary
3722:Industry
3615:Jug wine
3610:Decanter
3600:Box wine
3498:Isabella
3493:Grenache
3473:Carignan
3420:Sémillon
3405:Riesling
3400:Palomino
3143:Ancient
3126:Vineyard
3121:Veraison
3106:Oenology
3026:Archived
3014:Archived
2973:Archived
2927:Archived
2908:Archived
2844:Archived
2822:Archived
2801:Archived
2778:cite web
2743:A. King
2584:Archived
2520:Bas-Rhin
2365:Archived
2297:Archived
2222:Archived
2173:Archived
2115:Archived
1984:Archived
1941:Archived
1922:Archived
1816:See also
1788:Bastardo
1774:Crouchen
1718:Thurling
1662:Aurelius
1635:Rieslina
1627:Quanyu B
1623:Osteiner
1607:Multaner
1559:Dalkauer
1510:Silvaner
1465:Traminer
1461:Rheingau
1456:mutation
1218:ice wine
1204:, whose
1202:Michigan
1161:Anderson
1145:Vignoles
1137:ice wine
1117:New York
1089:botrytis
999:In 1838
921:varietal
843:prädikat
763:ice wine
603:Adriatic
599:Traminer
575:Ritzling
567:Rissling
540:Riesling
530:) lists
528:Rheingau
507:Kabinett
490:New York
486:Michigan
438:Slovakia
426:Slovenia
410:Rheingau
322:aromatic
288:-sling,
225:Riesling
138:Slovakia
65:Rheingau
36:Riesling
28:Silvaner
4578:Uruguay
4553:Bolivia
4520:Oceania
4480:Ukraine
4435:Romania
4405:Moldova
4380:Ireland
4375:Hungary
4365:Germany
4360:Georgia
4350:Denmark
4335:Croatia
4320:Belgium
4315:Austria
4310:Albania
4294:Vietnam
4254:Lebanon
4204:Armenia
4183:Tunisia
4168:Namibia
4163:Morocco
4148:Algeria
4068:Terroir
4026:Related
3874:Vintage
3856:Harvest
3801:Outline
3625:Muselet
3587:storage
3478:Cinsaut
3453:Barbera
3380:Macabeo
3340:Aligoté
3298:Organic
3288:Natural
3241:Dessert
3186:Georgia
3136:History
3116:Terroir
3111:Species
2516:Moselle
1768:is the
1702:Rabaner
1678:Kamchia
1631:Rabaner
1491:Crosses
1413:cabbage
1377:pruning
1347:Unlike
1299:Moldova
1295:Romania
1279:Croatia
1244:icewine
1225:eiswein
1076:granite
1066:Austria
1023:in the
1005:Penrith
979:sites.
885:trocken
883:to dry
819:terroir
813:Germany
807:terroir
767:Eiswein
496:History
422:Austria
371:Austria
355:acidity
343:terroir
297:German:
202:Hazards
176:Eiswein
142:Croatia
134:Austria
122:Hungary
118:Germany
81:Species
4558:Brazil
4506:Mexico
4501:Canada
4470:Sweden
4450:Serbia
4440:Russia
4425:Poland
4370:Greece
4355:France
4340:Cyprus
4303:Europe
4289:Turkey
4279:Taiwan
4244:Jordan
4234:Israel
4214:Bhutan
4141:Africa
4033:Winery
3996:Solera
3620:Kvevri
3508:Merlot
3503:Malbec
3303:Kosher
3279:Other
3234:Orange
3207:Styles
3174:France
2950:
2891:
2867:
2702:
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1793:grape.
1724:Naming
1714:Ruling
1682:Kerner
1619:Osiris
1522:Kerner
1432:clones
1426:Clones
1327:tannin
1303:Serbia
1238:Canada
1084:Wachau
963:Muscat
899:France
823:ripens
801:region
661:Bremen
639:wines.
571:Wachau
559:Alsace
548:herbal
546:Latin
488:, and
470:Crimea
458:Canada
430:Serbia
402:French
395:petrol
373:). In
367:Alsace
213:number
166:Canada
130:France
101:Origin
4563:Chile
4465:Spain
4400:Malta
4385:Italy
4274:Syria
4259:Nepal
4239:Japan
4224:India
4219:China
4153:Egypt
3983:Aging
3533:Syrah
3488:Gamay
3458:Bobal
3370:Glera
3335:Airén
3327:White
3283:Table
3271:Straw
3261:Fruit
3219:White
3162:China
3041:Wines
1643:Romeo
1477:Hanns
1369:yeast
1287:Chile
1271:Italy
1045:shale
931:]
859:Mosel
835:Baden
799:Mosel
771:sugar
742:wines
569:. In
466:China
446:Italy
406:Mosel
330:oaked
318:Rhine
292:-ling
217:10077
146:Italy
105:Rhine
76:Blanc
49:Vitis
43:Grape
4573:Peru
4229:Iran
4192:Asia
3585:and
3314:Top
3229:Rosé
3085:Wine
3043:and
2948:ISBN
2889:ISBN
2865:ISBN
2784:link
2700:ISBN
2676:ISBN
2655:ISBN
2634:ISBN
2610:ISBN
2565:ISBN
2544:ISBN
2522:and
2499:ISBN
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2345:ISBN
2321:ISBN
2247:ISBN
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2156:ISBN
2136:ISBN
2090:ISBN
2069:ISBN
2048:ISBN
2030:2022
1965:ISBN
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1879:ISBN
1857:2021
1654:Aris
1533:VIVC
1531:The
1516:and
1409:salt
1395:and
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1359:and
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1232:Ohio
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1080:mica
1078:and
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995:wine
969:and
870:Sekt
863:hock
655:The
616:and
416:and
414:Nahe
381:and
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336:and
290:REEZ
211:VIVC
3991:Oak
3440:Red
3251:Ice
3214:Red
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