1070:
Business Ethics, 97, p264.; Valkila, J.: 2009, âFair Trade organic coffee production in
Nicaragua - Sustainable development or a poverty trap?â Ecological Economics, 68, 3018-3025.; Utting, K.: 2009, âAssessing the impact of Fair Trade Coffee: Towards an Integrative Frameworkâ, Journal of Business Ethics, 86, p139.; Valkila, J.: 2009, âFair Trade organic coffee production in Nicaragua - Sustainable development or a poverty trap?â Ecological Economics, 68, 3022-3023.; Reed, D.: 2009, âWhat do Corporations have to do with Fair Trade? Positive and normative analysis from a value chain perspectiveâ, Journal of Business Ethics, 86, pp 12, 21.; Mohan, S. (2010). Fair Trade Without the Froth - a dispassionate economic analysis of 'Fair Trade'. London: Institute of Economic Affairs. (e.g. p67); Kohler, P. (2006), âThe economics of Fair Trade: for whose benefit? An investigation into the limits of Fair Trade as a development tool and the risk of clean-washingâ, HEI Working Papers 06â2007, Geneva: Economics Section, Graduate Institute of International Studies, October. Jacquiau, C. ( 2006 ). Les Coulisees du Commerce Ăquitable. Paris: Mille et Une Nuits.; Jacquiau, C. (2007). Max Havelaar ou les ambiguĂŻtĂ©s du commerce Ă©quitable: Pourquoi le Sud rue dans les brancards. Monde Diplomatique September.; Hamel, I.: 2006, âFairtrade Firm Accused of Foul Playâ, Swiss Info
801:
Study on Coffeeâ, Journal of
Business Research, 59 (3), 322â330.; Berndt, C. E.: 2007, Is Fair Trade in coffee production fair and useful? Evidence from Costa Rica and Guatemala and implications for policy. Washington DC.: Mercatus 65 Policy Series, Policy Comment 11, Mercatus Centre, George Mason University.; Kohler, P. (2006), âThe economics of Fair Trade: for whose benefit? An investigation into the limits of Fair Trade as a development tool and the risk of clean-washingâ, HEI Working Papers 06â2007, Geneva: Economics Section, Graduate Institute of International Studies, October; Renard, M. C. and V. P. Grovas (2007), âFair Trade coffee in Mexico: at the center of the debatesâ, ch. 9 in D. Murray, L. Raynolds and J. Wilkinson (eds), Fair Trade: The Challenges of Transforming Globalisation, London: Routledge. Pp 38-9; Riedel, C. P., F. M. Lopez, A. Widdows, A. Manji and M. Schneider (2005), âImpacts of Fair Trade: trade and market linkagesâ, Proceedings of the 18th International Farming Symposium, 31 Octoberâ3 November, Rome: Food and Agricultural Organisation,
787:
Journal of
Business Ethics, 97:257-270 p. 264, Valkila, J. (2009). Fair Trade organic coffee production in Nicaragua - Sustainable development or a poverty trap? Ecological Economics, 68 3018-3025, pp. 3022-3; Reed, D. (2009). What do Corporations have to do with Fair Trade? Positive and normative analysis from a value chain perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 86:3-26, p. 12; Barrientos, S., Conroy, M. E., & Jones, E. (2007). Northern Social Movements and Fair Trade. In L. Raynolds, D. D. Murray, & J. Wilkinson, Fair Trade: The Challenges of Transforming Globalization (pp. 51â62). London and New York: Routledge. Quoted by Reed, D. (2009). What do Corporations have to do with Fair Trade? Positive and normative analysis from a value chain perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 86:3-26, p. 21.;de Janvry, A., McIntosh, C., & Sadoulet, E. (2010). Fair Trade and Free Entry: The Dissipation of Producer Benefits in a Disequilibrium Market. Retrieved December 24, 2012, from
267:
price, which is paid to producers, acts as a safety net for farmers at times when world markets fall below a sustainable level. An additional sum of money, called the
Fairtrade Premium, is paid to farmers for products sold on Fairtrade terms. Some cooperatives can sell only a third of their output as Fairtrade, because of lack of market demand, and sell the rest at world prices. As the additional costs are incurred on all production, not just that sold as Fairtrade, cooperatives sometimes lose money on their Fairtrade membership. After the certification fees have been subtracted from the overall income earned on Fairtrade terms, the rest goes into a communal fund for workers and farmers to use as decided democratically within the farmers' organisation, or by a workers' committee on a plantation. The additional sum (Fairtrade Premium) is invested in âsocial projectsâ such as clinics, women's groups and baseball pitches.
777:, J., Haaparanta, P., & Niemi, N. (2010). âEmpowering Coffee Traders? The Coffee Value Chain from Nicaraguan Fair Trade Farmers to Finnish Consumers.â Journal of Business Ethics, 97:257-270. Kilian, B., Jones, C., Pratt, L., & Villalobos, A. (2006). âIs Sustainable Agriculture a Viable Strategy to Improve Farm Income in Central America? A Case Study on Coffeeâ. Journal of Business Research, 59(3), 322â330.Mendoza, R., & J. Bastiaensen, J. (2003). âFair Trade and the Coffee Crisis in the Nicaraguan Segovias.â Small Enterprise Development, 14(2), 36â46.
745:
Study on Coffeeâ, Journal of
Business Research, 59 (3), 322â330.; Berndt, C. E.: 2007, Is Fair Trade in coffee production fair and useful? Evidence from Costa Rica and Guatemala and implications for policy. Washington DC.: Mercatus 65 Policy Series, Policy Comment 11, Mercatus Centre, George Mason University.; Riedel, C. P., F. M. Lopez, A. Widdows, A. Manji and M. Schneider (2005), âImpacts of Fair Trade: trade and market linkagesâ, Proceedings of the 18th International Farming Symposium, 31 Octoberâ3 November, Rome: Food and Agricultural Organisation,
95:
1749:
27:
251:
handle their brand, for cost reasons. In the producing country
Fairtrade is marketed only by Fairtrade certified cooperatives, however if there is not enough market demand, those products are sold onto the conventional market at market prices, marketed by Fairtrade certified cooperatives (as uncertified), by other cooperatives and by ordinary traders.
1075:
8.; Reed, D.: 2009, âWhat do
Corporations have to do with Fair Trade? Positive and normative analysis from a value chain perspectiveâ, Journal of Business Ethics, 86, p12.; Moore, G., Gibbon, J., & Slack, R.: 2006, âThe mainstreaming of Fair Trade: a macromarketing perspectiveâ, Journal of Strategic Marketing, 14, 329-352.
1074:
23/12/2009.; Weitzman, H. (2006, August 9). âFairâ coffee workers paid below minimum wage. Financial Times .; Weitzman, H. (2006, September 9). â'Ethical-coffeeâ workers paid below legal minimum. Financial Times .; Weitzman, H.: 2006, The bitter cost of âFair Tradeâ coffee. Financial Times, September
815:
Weber, J. (2006). Rationing in the Fair Trade Coffee Market: Who enters and How? International colloquium on fair trade and sustainable development. Montreal: Ecole des
Sciences de la Gestion, Universite du Quebec.; de Janvry, A., McIntosh, C., & Sadoulet, E. (2010). Fair Trade and Free Entry:The
270:
Critics therefore argue that farmers do not get any of the higher price under
Fairtrade. Nor is there any evidence that they get higher prices as a result of better marketing: the cooperatives sometimes pay farmers a higher price than farmers do, sometimes less, but there is no evidence on which is
250:
The marketing system for
Fairtrade and non-Fairtrade products is identical in the consuming countries, using mostly the same importing, packing, distributing and retailing firms. Some independent brands operate a virtual company, paying importers, packers and distributors and advertising agencies to
805:
farmingsystems; Bacon, C. (2005), âConfronting the coffee crisis: can Fair Trade, organic and speciality coffee reduce small-scale farmer vulnerability in northern Nicaragua?â, World Development, 33(3): 497â511; Mohan, S. (2010). Fair Trade Without the Froth - a dispassionate economic analysis of
278:
Other economists have argued that the existence of a fair trade marketing route benefits producers by raising producer prices generally, and there is evidence of such an effect at least among coffee producers; according to Podhorsky, the critics of the Fairtrade Foundation err by assuming that fair
254:
This mode of operation has led to criticism of the foundation. It is argued that, because retailers and cafes in the rich countries can sell Fairtrade coffee at any price they like, nearly all the extra price paid by consumers, 82% to 99%, is kept in the rich countries as increased profit. There is
282:
To become certified Fairtrade producers, the primary cooperative and its member farmers must operate to certain Fairtrade standards, set by the organisation. FLO-CERT, the for-profit side, handles producer certification, inspecting and certifying producer organisations in more than 50 countries in
176:
that aims to help disadvantaged producers in developing countries by tackling injustice in conventional trade, in particular by promoting and licensing the Fairtrade Mark, a guarantee that products retailed in the UK have been produced in accordance with internationally agreed Fairtrade standards.
1069:
Raynolds, L. T.: 2009, âMainstreaming Fair Trade Coffee: from Partnership to Traceabilityâ, World Development, 37 (6) p1089.; Valkila, J., Haaparanta, P., & Niemi, N.: 2010, âEmpowering Coffee Traders? The Coffee Value Chain from Nicaraguan Fair Trade Farmers to Finnish Consumersâ, Journal of
800:
Mohan, S. (2010). Fair Trade Without the Froth - a dispassionate economic analysis of 'Fair Trade'. London: Institute of Economic Affairs.; Kilian, B., Jones, C., Pratt, L., & Villalobos, A.: 2006, âIs Sustainable Agriculture a Viable Strategy to Improve Farm Income in Central America? A Case
744:
Mohan, S. (2010). Fair Trade Without the Froth - a dispassionate economic analysis of 'Fair Trade'. London: Institute of Economic Affairs.; Kilian, B., Jones, C., Pratt, L., & Villalobos, A.: 2006, âIs Sustainable Agriculture a Viable Strategy to Improve Farm Income in Central America? A Case
266:
that demand minimum requirements to criteria such as pricing and terms of trade. Farmers pay FLOCERT a certification and inspection fee. Other administration costs and production costs are incurred to meet these standards. Commodity prices can drop when the world market is oversupplied. A minimum
786:
Raynolds, L. T. (2009). Mainstreaming Fair Trade Coffee: from Partnership to Traceability. World Development, 37 (6) 1083-1093, p. 1089; Valkila, J., Haaparanta, P., & Niemi, N. (2010). Empowering Coffee Traders? The Coffee Value Chain from Nicaraguan Fair Trade Farmers to Finnish Consumers.
271:
more common. Farmers do, however, incur extra costs in producing Fairtrade, so they certainly do lose money from Fairtrade membership in some cases. There is little or no research on the extra costs incurred, or the effect of Fairtrade membership on the income of farmers. However, research by
749:
farmingsystems.; Kohler, P. (2006), âThe economics of Fair Trade: for whose benefit? An investigation into the limits of Fair Trade as a development tool and the risk of clean-washingâ, HEI Working Papers 06â2007, Geneva: Economics Section, Graduate Institute of International Studies,
848:, C. E.: 2007, Is Fair Trade in coffee production fair and useful? Evidence from Costa Rica and Guatemala and implications for policy. Washington DC.: Mercatus 65 Policy Series, Policy Comment 11, Mercatus Centre, George Mason University.
1007:
Imhoff, S., Lee, A., 2007. Assessing the potential of Fair Trade for poverty reduction and conflict prevention: a case study of Bolivian coffee producers. Working Paper. Europainstitut, University of Basel.
255:
evidence that dishonest importers do not pay the full Fairtrade price, so an even smaller proportion reaches the Third World. Fairtrade operates a system whereby such allegations are reported to
859:
323:, Britain's largest women's organisation, and other organisations including Banana Link, Methodist Relief and Development Fund, Nicaragua Solidarity Campaign, People & Planet, SCIAF,
220:
The organisation is an independent non-profit organisation that licenses use of the Fairtrade Mark on products in the UK in accordance with internationally agreed Fairtrade standards.
396:
sales grew by 3% in 2014, generating an estimated ÂŁ7.9 million of Fairtrade premium. One in three bananas bought in the United Kingdom carries the Fairtrade label. Fairtrade sales of
916:
1729:
1280:
1239:
1222:
411:, up from 25% in 2003, 39% in 2004, 50% in 2005 and 57% in 2007. In 2008, an estimated two in three UK households regularly bought at least one Fairtrade-labelled product.
910:; Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International e.V. (2011). Fairtrade Standard for Small Producer Organizations, version: 01.05.2011_v1.1. Retrieved 1 15, 2013, from
903:
37:
1537:
1184:
1542:
998:
Podhorsky, A. (2015). A positive analysis of Fairtrade certification. Journal of Development Economics, 116, 169-185. doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2015.03.008
895:; Fairtrade International (FLO). (2011). Fairtrade Standard for Coffee for Small Producer Organizations version: 01.04.2011. Retrieved 1 15, 2013, from
1793:
1783:
960:
Griffiths, P., âEthical objections to Fairtradeâ Journal of Business Ethics July 2011(DOI) 10.1007/s10551-011-0972-0 www.springerlink.com Accessed at
866:
759:
Griffiths, P., âEthical objections to Fairtradeâ Journal of Business Ethics July 2011(DOI) 10.1007/s10551-011-0972-0 www.springerlink.com Accessed at
1085:
381:
in UK supermarkets has grown extensively. In 2013, there were over 4000 Fairtrade products available in the UK with estimated sales of over ÂŁ1.7bn.
857:
Fairtrade International (FLO). (2011). Explanatory Document for the Fairtrade Standard for Small Producer Organizations. Retrieved 1 15, 2013, from
1778:
1118:
1485:
1455:
1208:
1142:
232:
Providing independent certification of the trade chain for products, and licensing use of the Fairtrade Mark on products as a consumer guarantee.
896:
304:
287:
there are many complaints of failure to enforce these standards, with Fairtrade cooperatives, importers and packers profiting by evading them.
761:
52:
923:
911:
275:
found that a "wide variety of qualitative studies have found positive effects of Fairtrade certification on the incomes of producers".
1788:
1516:
947:
890:
843:
358:
The Fairtrade Foundation's current campaign aims to highlight the goal of achieving living incomes for cocoa farmers in West Africa.
818:
1053:
974:
914:; Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International e.V. (2011). Generic Fairtrade Trade Standard. Retrieved 1 15, 2013, from
735:
Davies, I.A. and A Crane, âEthical Decision Making in Fair Trade Companiesâ, Journal of Business Ethics 45: 79â92, 2003. P84
1366:
900:
1319:
400:, which remains Fairtrade's best known product, rose 9% generating an estimated ÂŁ5 million of Fairtrade premium in 2014.
1016:
Ruben, R., Fort, R., Zuniga-Arias, G., 2009. Measuring the impact of fair trade on development. Dev. Pract. 19, 777â788.
1773:
899:; Fairtrade International. (2011). Explanatory Document for the Fairtrade Trade Standard. Retrieved 1 15, 2013, from
74:
1071:
262:
Cooperative traders and exporters can only sell produce on Fairtrade terms if they meet the set of standards set by
1414:
241:
Raising awareness of the need for fair trade in the public and the role of the Fairtrade Mark in making trade fair.
1567:
1557:
1470:
56:
1306:
1465:
272:
1683:
1460:
897:
http://www.fairtrade.net/fileadmin/user_upload/content/2009/standards/documents/2012-04-01_EN_SPO_Coffee.pdf
343:
The Fairtrade Foundation organises and coordinates promotional campaigns and events every year, such as the
765:
408:
320:
1095:
1637:
316:
1521:
1404:
912:
http://www.fairtrade.net/fileadmin/user_upload/content/2009/standards/documents/2012-07-11_SPO_EN.pdf
1501:
1359:
961:
44:
1698:
1506:
1394:
392:
amounted to an estimated retail value of ÂŁ1.68 billion, up from ÂŁ273 million in 2006. Volumes of
385:
352:
263:
107:
235:
Growing demand for Fairtrade products and supporting producers to sell to traders and retailers.
1719:
1627:
1562:
1547:
1424:
1399:
816:
Dissipation of Producer Benefits in a Disequilibrium Market. Retrieved December 24, 2012, from
332:
712:
1662:
1480:
1389:
1182:
1116:
367:
1703:
1642:
1090:
822:
1256:
8:
1752:
1688:
1647:
1632:
1352:
378:
344:
324:
1026:
1156:
901:
http://www.fairtrade.net/fileadmin/user_upload/content/2011-12-29_Explan_Doc_GTS_EN.pdf
393:
1602:
1409:
1202:
1136:
941:
884:
837:
284:
182:
788:
279:
trade producers receive the world price for coffee, when that is in general not so.
1617:
1612:
1572:
1050:
1693:
1072:
http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/Fair_trade_firm_accused_of_foul_play.html?cid=5351232
1057:
907:
139:
1678:
1622:
1577:
404:
389:
348:
178:
173:
94:
48:
1767:
1434:
1419:
300:
202:
198:
16:
Charity promoting and licensing Fairtrade certification in the United Kingdom
1607:
1657:
238:
Working with partners to support producer organisations and their networks.
1183:
T: +44 (0)20 7405 5942; F: +44 (0)20 7977 0101; mail@fairtrade.org.uk, E.
1117:
T: +44 (0)20 7405 5942; F: +44 (0)20 7977 0101; mail@fairtrade.org.uk, E.
351:
campaign, which designates areas and towns committed to the promotion of
214:
1652:
1375:
371:
312:
1597:
1439:
1429:
1339:
210:
189:, 25 National Fairtrade Organisations and 3 Producer Networks across
1305:
House of Commons International Development Committee (June 5, 2007)
347:(typically in February/March). The foundation also coordinates the
328:
186:
975:"The impact of Fairtrade: a review of research evidence 2009â2015"
1511:
256:
962:
http://www.griffithsspeaker.com/Fairtrade/why_fair_trade_isn.htm
973:
Darko, Emily; Lynch, Alainna; Smith, William (31 August 2017).
397:
374:
206:
190:
161:
135:
1334:
1344:
308:
296:
1185:"FAIRTRADE SALES HOLD STEADY DESPITE SUPERMARKET PRICE WARS"
1475:
194:
370:
became the first supermarket to sell a Fairtrade product (
802:
746:
1543:
Fair Trade Association of Australia & New Zealand
1340:
The Fairtrade Foundation's Fairtrade at Work Campaign
1119:"Cooperative commitment to Fairtrade remains strong"
806:'Fair Trade'. London: Institute of Economic Affairs.
55:, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a
1538:
AsociaciĂłn del Sello de Productos de Comercio Justo
1281:"Annual report for the year ended 31 December 2014"
1240:"Annual report for the year ended 31 December 2014"
1223:"Annual report for the year ended 31 December 2014"
403:It was estimated in 2014 that approximately 77% of
1257:"Buying Fairtrade bananas | Fairtrade Foundation"
789:http://are.berkeley.edu/~alain/workingpapers.html
1765:
1078:
1486:International Resources for Fairer Trade (IRFT)
1456:Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International
972:
954:
319:. These organisations were later joined by the
1027:"Fairtrade International (FLO): Our standards"
1360:
1178:
1176:
377:) in 1992, both the range and total sales of
1207:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1141:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1517:International Fairtrade Certification Mark
1367:
1353:
1173:
295:The foundation was established in 1992 by
1794:1992 establishments in the United Kingdom
1784:Organisations based in the City of London
1512:FLO-CERT (inspection & certification)
75:Learn how and when to remove this message
283:Africa, Asia, and Latin America. In the
228:Its four key areas of activity include:
1779:Foundations based in the United Kingdom
1578:Fair Trade USA (formerly TransFair USA)
1043:
414:
290:
1766:
946:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
889:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
842:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
36:contains content that is written like
1348:
1321:. URL accessed on February 24, 2008.
223:
20:
713:"Who we are | Fairtrade Foundation"
361:
13:
93:
14:
1805:
1789:Organizations established in 1992
1568:Max Havelaar-Stiftung Switzerland
1328:
1060:. URL accessed on August 1, 2008.
1748:
1747:
1415:Alternative trading organization
1309:. URL accessed on June 20, 2007.
25:
1558:Association Max Havelaar France
1471:European Fair Trade Association
1312:
1299:
1290:
1273:
1249:
1232:
1215:
1149:
1110:
1063:
1019:
1010:
1001:
992:
966:
245:
1466:Network of European Worldshops
1374:
979:Overseas Development Institute
851:
809:
794:
780:
753:
738:
729:
705:
273:Overseas Development Institute
1:
1684:List of Fairtrade settlements
1461:World Fair Trade Organization
698:
327:, Soroptimist International,
153:Mike Gidney (Chief Executive)
409:Fairtrade Certification Mark
379:Fairtrade certified products
338:
7:
1638:Gepa The Fair Trade Company
119:; 32 years ago
10:
1810:
1307:Fair Trade and Development
1086:"The Fairtrade Foundation"
407:adults could identify the
325:Shared Interest Foundation
317:World Development Movement
172:is a charity based in the
1743:
1712:
1671:
1586:
1530:
1522:Fair Trade Certified Mark
1494:
1448:
1405:Fair trade impact studies
1382:
157:
147:
131:
113:
103:
92:
1774:Fair trade organizations
1553:The Fairtrade Foundation
1502:Fair trade certification
1335:The Fairtrade Foundation
170:The Fairtrade Foundation
88:The Fairtrade Foundation
1507:Fairtrade International
1400:Fair trade and politics
1395:Fairtrade certification
264:Fairtrade International
108:Charitable organisation
1628:Equal Exchange Trading
1563:Stichting Max Havelaar
1548:Fairtrade Mark Ireland
1425:Trade Justice Movement
333:United Reformed Church
259:for investigation.
177:The foundation is the
98:
1663:Ten Thousand Villages
1481:Fair Trade Federation
1390:History of fair trade
368:The Co-operative Food
97:
57:neutral point of view
1704:World Fair Trade Day
1643:Handcrafting Justice
1531:Labeling initiatives
1261:www.fairtrade.org.uk
1189:www.fairtrade.org.uk
1123:www.fairtrade.org.uk
1091:Fairtrade Foundation
762:"Why Fair Trade isn"
717:www.fairtrade.org.uk
415:Where it takes place
291:Organisational links
162:www.fairtrade.org.uk
1753:Category:Fair trade
1689:Fairtrade fortnight
1648:SERRV International
1633:Rainforest Alliance
1588:Alternative trading
803:http://www.fao.org/
747:http://www.fao.org/
386:Fairtrade certified
353:Fairtrade certified
345:Fairtrade Fortnight
89:
49:promotional content
1296:Just-food (2008).
1098:on August 31, 2008
1056:2009-09-18 at the
906:2013-05-02 at the
528:Dominican Republic
99:
87:
51:and inappropriate
1761:
1760:
1603:Artisans du Monde
1410:Fair trade debate
1157:"Ethical trading"
1049:FLO-CERT (2008).
1031:www.fairtrade.net
696:
695:
321:Women's Institute
285:Fair trade debate
224:Areas of activity
183:FLO International
167:
166:
85:
84:
77:
1801:
1751:
1750:
1735:
1725:
1618:Divine Chocolate
1613:Ctm altromercato
1573:Fairtrade Canada
1369:
1362:
1355:
1346:
1345:
1322:
1316:
1310:
1303:
1297:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1206:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1180:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1140:
1132:
1130:
1129:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1094:. Archived from
1082:
1076:
1067:
1061:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1023:
1017:
1014:
1008:
1005:
999:
996:
990:
989:
987:
985:
970:
964:
958:
952:
951:
945:
937:
935:
934:
928:
922:. Archived from
921:
894:
888:
880:
878:
877:
871:
865:. Archived from
864:
855:
849:
847:
841:
833:
831:
830:
821:. Archived from
813:
807:
798:
792:
784:
778:
776:
774:
773:
764:. Archived from
757:
751:
742:
736:
733:
727:
726:
724:
723:
709:
482:Papua New Guinea
419:
418:
394:Fairtrade banana
362:Public reception
127:
125:
120:
90:
86:
80:
73:
69:
66:
60:
38:an advertisement
29:
28:
21:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1757:
1739:
1733:
1731:Brewing Justice
1723:
1708:
1694:Make Trade Fair
1667:
1591:
1589:
1582:
1526:
1490:
1444:
1378:
1373:
1331:
1326:
1325:
1317:
1313:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1291:
1283:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1265:
1263:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1200:
1199:
1193:
1191:
1181:
1174:
1165:
1163:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1134:
1133:
1127:
1125:
1115:
1111:
1101:
1099:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1068:
1064:
1058:Wayback Machine
1048:
1044:
1035:
1033:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1006:
1002:
997:
993:
983:
981:
971:
967:
959:
955:
939:
938:
932:
930:
926:
919:
917:"Archived copy"
915:
908:Wayback Machine
882:
881:
875:
873:
869:
862:
860:"Archived copy"
858:
856:
852:
835:
834:
828:
826:
819:"Archived copy"
817:
814:
810:
799:
795:
785:
781:
771:
769:
760:
758:
754:
743:
739:
734:
730:
721:
719:
711:
710:
706:
701:
452:Central America
417:
364:
341:
293:
248:
226:
185:, which unites
150:
142:
123:
121:
118:
81:
70:
64:
61:
42:
30:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1807:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1727:
1716:
1714:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1679:Fairtrade Town
1675:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1623:Equal Exchange
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1594:
1592:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1372:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1330:
1329:External links
1327:
1324:
1323:
1318:Sunday Mirror
1311:
1298:
1289:
1272:
1248:
1231:
1214:
1172:
1161:www.coop.co.uk
1148:
1109:
1077:
1062:
1042:
1018:
1009:
1000:
991:
965:
953:
850:
808:
793:
779:
752:
737:
728:
703:
702:
700:
697:
694:
693:
691:
689:
687:
685:
683:
677:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
660:
659:
657:
650:
648:
646:
644:
638:
637:
630:
623:
621:
619:
617:
609:
608:
601:
594:
592:
590:
588:
580:
579:
572:
565:
563:
561:
554:
546:
545:
538:
531:
524:
522:
515:
507:
506:
499:
492:
485:
478:
471:
463:
462:
455:
448:
441:
434:
427:
416:
413:
390:United Kingdom
363:
360:
349:Fairtrade Town
340:
337:
292:
289:
247:
244:
243:
242:
239:
236:
233:
225:
222:
174:United Kingdom
165:
164:
159:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
143:United Kingdom
133:
129:
128:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
83:
82:
53:external links
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1806:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1754:
1746:
1745:
1742:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1711:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1590:organizations
1585:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1495:Certification
1493:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1435:Body shopping
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1420:Trade justice
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1358:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1320:
1315:
1308:
1302:
1293:
1282:
1276:
1262:
1258:
1252:
1241:
1235:
1224:
1218:
1210:
1204:
1190:
1186:
1179:
1177:
1162:
1158:
1152:
1144:
1138:
1124:
1120:
1113:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1081:
1073:
1066:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1046:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1013:
1004:
995:
980:
976:
969:
963:
957:
949:
943:
929:on 2013-05-02
925:
918:
913:
909:
905:
902:
898:
892:
886:
872:on 2013-05-02
868:
861:
854:
845:
839:
825:on 2013-12-15
824:
820:
812:
804:
797:
790:
783:
768:on 2013-09-25
767:
763:
756:
748:
741:
732:
718:
714:
708:
704:
692:
690:
688:
686:
684:
682:
679:
678:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
664:CĂŽte d'Ivoire
662:
661:
658:
656:
655:
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
640:
639:
636:
635:
631:
629:
628:
624:
622:
620:
618:
616:
615:
611:
610:
607:
606:
602:
600:
599:
595:
593:
591:
589:
587:
586:
582:
581:
578:
577:
573:
571:
570:
566:
564:
562:
560:
559:
555:
553:
552:
548:
547:
544:
543:
539:
537:
536:
532:
530:
529:
525:
523:
521:
520:
516:
514:
513:
509:
508:
505:
504:
500:
498:
497:
493:
491:
490:
486:
484:
483:
479:
477:
476:
472:
470:
469:
465:
464:
461:
460:
459:South America
456:
454:
453:
449:
447:
446:
442:
440:
439:
435:
433:
432:
428:
426:
425:
421:
420:
412:
410:
406:
401:
399:
395:
391:
388:sales in the
387:
382:
380:
376:
373:
369:
359:
356:
354:
350:
346:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
301:Christian Aid
298:
288:
286:
280:
276:
274:
268:
265:
260:
258:
252:
240:
237:
234:
231:
230:
229:
221:
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
203:North America
200:
199:Latin America
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
175:
171:
163:
160:
156:
152:
146:
141:
137:
134:
130:
116:
112:
109:
106:
102:
96:
91:
79:
76:
68:
58:
54:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
23:
22:
19:
1730:
1720:
1658:Twin Trading
1552:
1314:
1301:
1292:
1275:
1264:. Retrieved
1260:
1251:
1234:
1217:
1192:. Retrieved
1188:
1164:. Retrieved
1160:
1151:
1126:. Retrieved
1122:
1112:
1102:September 3,
1100:. Retrieved
1096:the original
1089:
1080:
1065:
1045:
1034:. Retrieved
1030:
1021:
1012:
1003:
994:
982:. Retrieved
978:
968:
956:
931:. Retrieved
924:the original
874:. Retrieved
867:the original
853:
827:. Retrieved
823:the original
811:
796:
782:
770:. Retrieved
766:the original
755:
740:
731:
720:. Retrieved
716:
707:
681:South Africa
680:
663:
653:
652:
641:
633:
632:
626:
625:
613:
612:
604:
603:
597:
596:
584:
583:
575:
574:
568:
567:
557:
556:
550:
549:
541:
540:
534:
533:
527:
526:
518:
517:
511:
510:
502:
501:
495:
494:
488:
487:
481:
480:
474:
473:
467:
466:
458:
457:
451:
450:
444:
443:
437:
436:
430:
429:
423:
422:
402:
383:
365:
357:
342:
305:New Consumer
294:
281:
277:
269:
261:
253:
249:
246:How it works
227:
219:
169:
168:
132:Headquarters
104:Company type
71:
62:
47:by removing
43:Please help
35:
18:
1724:(2006 film)
1449:Federations
1383:Core topics
489:Saint Lucia
438:Australasia
215:New Zealand
1768:Categories
1721:Black Gold
1653:Traidcraft
1608:Cafédirect
1430:Sweatshops
1376:Fair trade
1266:2016-10-13
1194:2019-08-27
1166:2019-08-27
1128:2019-08-27
1036:2017-01-04
933:2013-01-15
876:2013-02-06
829:2013-12-08
772:2013-12-08
722:2016-10-13
699:References
496:Costa Rica
372:Cafedirect
313:Traidcraft
181:member of
149:Key people
65:April 2022
45:improve it
1672:Campaigns
1598:Alter Eco
1440:Worldshop
605:Argentina
598:Guatemala
535:Nicaragua
519:Sri Lanka
445:Caribbean
384:In 2014,
339:Promotion
211:Australia
1699:No Sweat
1203:cite web
1137:cite web
1054:Archived
1051:FLO-CERT
942:cite web
904:Archived
885:cite web
838:cite web
750:October.
654:Honduras
634:Paraguay
614:Ethiopia
503:Colombia
468:Tanzania
331:and the
329:Tearfund
315:and the
187:FLO-CERT
558:Vietnam
542:Bolivia
405:British
355:goods.
257:FLOCert
179:British
158:Website
122: (
114:Founded
1734:(book)
984:8 July
627:Belize
569:Mexico
551:Malawi
512:Uganda
424:Africa
398:coffee
375:coffee
366:Since
207:Africa
191:Europe
136:London
1713:Media
1284:(PDF)
1243:(PDF)
1226:(PDF)
927:(PDF)
920:(PDF)
870:(PDF)
863:(PDF)
642:Kenya
585:Ghana
475:India
309:Oxfam
297:CAFOD
1476:FINE
1209:link
1143:link
1104:2023
986:2019
948:link
891:link
844:link
576:Peru
431:Asia
213:and
195:Asia
124:1992
117:1992
1770::
1259:.
1205:}}
1201:{{
1187:.
1175:^
1159:.
1139:}}
1135:{{
1121:.
1088:.
1029:.
977:.
944:}}
940:{{
887:}}
883:{{
840:}}
836:{{
715:.
335:.
311:,
307:,
303:,
299:,
217:.
209:,
205:,
201:,
197:,
193:,
140:E1
138:,
1368:e
1361:t
1354:v
1286:.
1269:.
1245:.
1228:.
1211:)
1197:.
1169:.
1145:)
1131:.
1106:.
1039:.
988:.
950:)
936:.
893:)
879:.
846:)
832:.
791:.
775:.
725:.
126:)
78:)
72:(
67:)
63:(
59:.
41:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
