802:. It was intended to provide a better firing position and, starting from both battalions' lines, headed into no man's land at an angle of forty-five degrees to the old line. Eventually it was expected that the two extensions would meet in the middle, but by the time of the attack there was still a gap of around fifty yards (46 m) between them. It was here the Turkish 16th Division attacked. At first the Turks were in a gully which sheltered them from Australian fire. The 48th Infantry Regiment, moving through the heavy Australian fire, advanced into the gap between the two battalions. Despite one of the 3rd Battalion's machine-guns jamming, this assault and the following waves were beaten back, although some Turks did reach the Australian trenches. The Turks came so close to the supporting Australian artillery that the artillerymen disabled their guns, so they could not be used against them, and joined the infantry in the trenches. The 16th Division attempted four successive assaults, but each wave was mown down by the Australian fire. At Wire Gully a group of Turks got close enough to a 2nd Battalion machine-gun to destroy it with a hand grenade, allowing them to move forward and reach the Australian trench. Some individual Turkish soldiers also reached the trench before they were all shot down. This continued until around 05:00, when the surviving Turks started withdrawing to German Officers' Ridge.
641:. The plan was to gather the assault force secretly behind the Turkish lines on 18 May. Then at 03:30 19 May, while it was still dark, the Turkish forces would simultaneously attack all along the ANZAC perimeter. The aim was to force the defenders out of their trenches and back into the sea. To maintain surprise the attack would not be preceded by an artillery bombardment; but the previous day all the available Turkish artillery bombarded the ANZAC lines between 17:00 and midnight. This was something they had done twice before that month. The signal to start the attack was supposed to have been the detonation of a large mine at Quinn's Post, in the centre of the ANZAC lines, but by 19 May the tunnel for the mine had not been completed. The attacking force, from north to south, comprised the 19th Division (now made up of the 27th, 57th and 72nd infantry regiments),
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above their trenches. The Turks were now able to return fire, which caused the majority of the ANZAC casualties. It was now clear to the
Australians and New Zealanders that the Turkish attack was a failure. However, a report arrived at Turkish headquarters suggesting that some objectives had been captured. So the Turkish commanders issued orders, at 05:00, for a second assault, this time to be supported by an artillery bombardment. Over the next few hours several new attacks began. At 05:25 the 2nd and 5th divisions attacked again, but instead of moving directly at the Australian lines, they advanced at an angle, and were again mown down. At No. 1 Post in the No. 4 Section the
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214:
182:
553:. The beachhead was not a large position. Including two isolated outposts in the north, No. 1 Post and No. 2 Post, it stretched south only 2 mi (3.2 km) to Chatham's Post, and at the most had a depth of 750 yd (690 m). Other sources put the dimensions as 1.5 mi (2.4 km) long, and 1,000 yd (910 m) deep. Two of the central positions, Quinn's and Courtnay's posts, had a steep cliff to the rear of the ANZAC trenches. In places the Turkish trenches were dug as close as ten yards (9.1 m) from the Allied lines.
154:
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958:, commanding the New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade, contacted Godley to advise him of the circumstances of such an attack, and Russell was told to "use his own judgement" so promptly called it off. The Turks kept up their artillery bombardment on the beachhead for the remainder of the day. That, along with a prisoner disclosing that another attack was imminent, persuaded GHQ to recall the New Zealand Infantry Brigade from Cape Helles to Anzac Cove that night.
941:, commanding the New Zealand and Australian Division, decided to attack. The Wellington Mounted Rifles was ordered to attack the Turkish trenches at The Nek. The trench that was their first objective was one hundred yards (91 m) across no man's land with no cover at all. The regiment prepared to obey the order, but arranged the attack so that no single squadron would be wiped out. The men were selected in equal proportion from all three squadrons, and
915:
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bodies were mere skeletons, it seems so very different to see each side near each others trenches burying their dead, each man taking part in this ceremony is called a pioneer and wears 2 white bands on his arms, everybody is taking advantage of the armistice to do anything they want to do out of cover and a large number are down bathing and you would think today was Cup Day down at one of our seaside beaches.
611:, and during the war it would defeat forces from the British, French and Russian armies. Before the landings, the Gallipoli peninsula was defended by several divisions, based on infantry battalion strong-points overlooking the potential landing beaches. By April 1915, they had 82 fixed and 230 mobile artillery pieces sited to defend the peninsula. Virtually all the Turkish Army commanders, down to
587:, ordered his troops to adopt a defensive posture. However, the Turkish General Staff considered the ANZAC beachhead to be such a precarious position that even a small Turkish success would "drive them back into the sea". Another consideration was that eliminating the ANZAC position would release four or five divisions to move against the
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Firing recommenced at 16:45. The
Turkish commanders now realised just what would be required to capture the beachhead. Instead of trying again they left two of their depleted divisions, the 16th and 19th, to man their lines while the others were withdrawn. The still independent 77th Infantry Regiment
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observed the Turks forming in Malone's Gully, in preparation for another assault on
Russell's Top. The location of the post was such that they could turn their machine-gun and engage the Turks from the rear, which broke up the attack. The Turks attacked Quinn's four more times, and on one occasion an
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and 4th battalions opened fire on the advancing Turks. The 5th
Division was closely followed by the 2nd and 16th divisions. The 2nd Division, coming from Johnson's Jolly, advanced diagonally across the 4th Battalion's front, and the 4th Battalion engaged them in their flank with rifle and machine-gun
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was sent to direct naval gunfire, and flew across the peninsula on its return. The aircraft's crew observed that the valleys opposite the ANZAC position were "densely packed with
Turkish troops". A second aircraft, sent to confirm the sighting, also reported that even more troops were being landed at
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The armistice was declared from 8:30 a.m. this morning till 4:30 p.m. it is wonderful, things are unnaturally quiet and I felt like getting up and making a row myself, the rifle fire is quiet, no shell fire. The stench round the trenches where the dead had been lying for weeks was awful, some of the
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All along the ANZAC perimeter, Turkish troops continued trying to advance using fire and manoeuvre. This gradually petered out as the morning progressed, and the Turks tried to regain their own lines instead. The
Australians and New Zealanders continued to fire on them, sometimes showing themselves
653:(33rd, 47th, 48th and 125th infantry regiments) and the now-independent 77th Infantry Regiment. In total this was around 42,000 men. The 2nd and 16th divisions were fresh, having just arrived on the peninsula, while the other two had taken part in some of the previous counter-attacks at Anzac Cove.
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rounds, and 948,000 rifle and machine-gun rounds. Turkish figures are not known, but the attacking
Turkish forces had around ten thousand casualties, including three thousand dead. The heaviest casualties were amongst the 5th Division, and the least for the relatively inactive 19th Division, which
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The seriousness of the
Turkish defeat gradually dawned on the ANZAC commanders. At 05:25 Birdwood suggested to his junior commanders that they counter-attack against the Turkish flanks. But he was convinced that any attack into the Turkish artillery was doomed to failure. However, at 15:35 British
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The Turks never succeeded in capturing the beachhead, and at the end of the year the ANZAC forces were evacuated to Egypt. During the 260 days of the
Gallipoli Campaign, the British Empire forces took 213,980 casualties. 35,000 of those were from the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps, which
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and assaulted the post. As elsewhere, they were stopped by the weight of the
Australian fire, not only from the trench they were attacking, but also by the defenders at Pope's and from the 2nd New Zealand Artillery Battery. Three more Turkish attacks were also repulsed in a similar fashion.
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had all arrived during the day. Communication between the two sides resulted in a more formal truce on 24 May. At 07:30 all firing ceased and parties moved out to bury the dead. This lasted until 16:30 when the truce ended and both sides returned to their own lines.
1064:. While the terms have distinct historical meanings, within many English-language sources the terms "Turkey" and "Ottoman Empire" are used synonymously, although sources differ in their approaches. The sources used in this article predominantly use the term "Turkey".
852:, two of which were killed and another two wounded; as the Turks occupied that part of the post the surviving Australians retreated. The Turks were now in a position to observe and bring fire down on Monash Valley. However, from another section of the post
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officer and around thirty men managed to reach the junction of Courtney's and Quinn's before being killed. This pattern of attack was kept up until around 10:00, when Allied observers reported a reluctance among the Turkish troops to leave their trenches.
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still had over one thousand casualties. Talking about the failed attack, one Turkish soldier described the scene "ountless dead, countless! It was impossible to count." The ANZACs had only 160 killed and 468 wounded. Among the Australian dead was Private
874:. For some time after the start of the Turkish attack, the Turks opposite Quinn's just threw hand grenades at the post. Around 03:30 the Turks' machine-guns and rifles opened fire at the Australians. This lasted for about an hour when the Turks went
1974:
495:) to conduct their second assault against the ANZAC's 17,300 men (two divisions). The ANZAC commanders had no indication of the impending attack until the day before, when British aircraft reported a build-up of troops opposite the ANZAC positions.
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trench was attacked by the independent 77th Infantry Regiment. However, here as elsewhere, the attacking Turks were whittled down by the Australian fire, the last of them as they reached the belt of barbed wire in front of the Australian trenches.
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to the north were able to bring their machine-guns to bear on the attackers. The flanking fire caused devastation amongst the Turkish ranks. At the same time the Aucklands charged them in a counter-attack, forcing the survivors to withdraw.
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machine-gun, which caused devastation amongst their ranks. The Australians continued firing at targets until around noon, but it was obvious the assault by the 16th Division had failed here. In the extreme south of the ANZAC beachhead the
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fire moved either into Wire Gully or back to their own lines. Waves of Turkish reinforcements attempted to follow the first line, but they were also mown down and by daylight the only movement seen was the wounded trying to reach help.
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until around 00:10 on 19 May. With all the evidence pointing to an impending Turkish assault, the ANZAC troops were ordered to stand-to at 03:00, half an hour earlier than normal, and they improvised defences by throwing out rolls of
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on the peninsula's eastern coast, only around five miles (8.0 km) from the ANZAC beachhead. At 17:15 the news was relayed to the two ANZAC divisions, who were told to expect an attack that night. Just after dark the British
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Part of the 16th Division also attacked the 3rd Brigade in No. 1 Section from Lone Pine southwards. They advanced in two waves through a field of wheat, but only three men survived the Australian fire to reach the
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General Headquarters (GHQ) ordered him to exploit the situation and use any opportunity to attack. Birdwood replied that anything less than a general assault would be futile. In the northern sector Major-General
1006:. Turkish stretcher-bearers headed into no man's land to collect the dead and wounded. Just after 19:00 it appeared that the Turks were massing troops for an attack while gathering their wounded, so the
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The next day, 20 May, the smell of rotting corpses in no man's land and the numerous wounded still located between the lines convinced the New Zealand and Australian Division staff to suggest an
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The ANZAC command had no inkling of the impending attack, and as late as 16 May they recorded that they were opposed by only between 15,000 and 20,000 troops. On 18 May an aircraft from the
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included 8,709 Australian and 2,721 New Zealand dead. The exact number of Turkish casualties is not known, but has been estimated at 87,000 dead from a total of around 250,000 casualties.
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led a small group of men in a counter-attack on the Turks. Jacka shot five of the Turks, bayoneted another two, and chased the rest out of the post. For this feat he was awarded the
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826:'s trench, and were then shot on the parapet. Turkish wounded and survivors could be seen moving back to a gully, but in the growing light they were in full view of an
773:, in the valley between Johnston's Jolly and German Officers' Ridge. The 5th Division started attacking without, as was normal, blowing their bugles and shouting
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While the mounted and light horse brigades had an establishment of around 1,900 men, when dismounted their rifle strength was only the equivalent of an infantry
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The Turkish assault began in the early hours of 19 May, mostly directed at the centre of the ANZAC position. It had failed by midday; the Turks were caught by
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701:, the only corps reserve, was held where Shrapnel Valley met Monash Valley, and was ordered to deploy two battalions to form a reserve defence line. The
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opened fire on a group of Turks moving down the valley; this group, several hundred strong, started an attack on Pope's. The defenders from the 1st and
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Some Turkish sources differ on the numbers of troops involved. Amin Bey says there were 47,000 men, while Kiazim Pasha says there were only 30,000 men.
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2009:
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heading towards The Nek had yet to be joined up. The 19th Division, using hand grenades, attacked the New Zealanders' position in three waves. The
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506:, which caused around ten thousand casualties, including three thousand deaths. The ANZACs had fewer than seven hundred casualties.
623:(NCO) level, with only one NCO in each company. One advantage that the Turkish Army had over the British supplied forces was their
84:
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arrived within twenty-four hours to reinforce the beachhead, but no subsequent attack materialised. Instead, on 20 and 24 May two
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On the other side of Monash Valley, the right flank of the 5th Division and the 19th Division attacked Pope's. Sentries from the
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583:, had initially pierced the ANZAC line but was eventually repulsed. On 5 May the Turkish Army commander, the German officer
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521:. The Turks never succeeded in capturing the bridgehead; instead the ANZACs evacuated the position at the end of the year.
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1085:. The beach was called Ari Burnu until 1985, when it was officially renamed Anzac Cove by the then Turkish government.
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While Australians and New Zealanders formed the vast majority, many other units also landed there. These included the
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ANZAC beachhead, No. 2 Post in the north, Chatham's Post in the south. Turkish trenches are shown by the dotted line.
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At the time of the First World War, the modern Turkish state did not exist, and instead it was part of the
848:, and at 04:00 they rushed the trench, throwing hand grenades. The post was only defended by an Australian
777:. Their trenches were only two hundred yards (180 m) from the Australians' trench, and the Australian
702:
3050:
2745:
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983:, whose exploits in the campaign earned him a place in Australian folklore as "the Man with the Donkey".
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At about 23:45 on 18 May, a Turkish bomb detonated at Quinn's Post, and the Turks opened fire with their
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Australian troops in their trench, observing the Turkish lines through periscopes, one fixed to a rifle
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The first sign of the coming battle was shortly after stand-to at No. 2 Section, where the Australian
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were in a precarious position; their trenches were still far from being fully constructed, and three
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By now the ANZAC Corps comprised two divisions, with around 17,300 men and 43 artillery pieces. The
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The Story of Two Campaigns: Official War History of the Auckland Mounted Rifles Regiment, 1914–1919
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defended the southern half. The perimeter was divided into four sections, from north to south, the
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opened fire on them. The Turks responded with their artillery bombarding the Australian trenches.
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Another part of the 5th Division had gathered unseen below Courtnay's Post, which was held by the
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opened fire, and only three Turkish soldiers reached the Australian positions before being shot.
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Private Victor Laidlaw of the 2nd Australian Field Ambulance, described the truce in his diary:
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627:, which were not used by the British forces. The British also acknowledged that the Turkish
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reported seeing a "considerable" number of mounted troops and artillery moving north from
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By now the beachhead had been reinforced; the New Zealand Infantry Brigade, the
491:. Just over two weeks later, the Turks had gathered a force of 42,000 men (four
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2139:. Vol. II (11th ed.). Brisbane: University of Queensland Press.
1967:"Diaries of Private Victor Rupert Laidlaw, 1914-1984 [manuscript]"
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Official War History of the Wellington Mounted Rifles Regiment, 1914–1919
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487:. The first Turkish attempts to recapture the ANZAC beachhead were two
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Echoes of Gallipoli: In the Words of New Zealand's Mounted Riflemen
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Next in the line, to the north, was Quinn's Post, defended by the
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2208:
Fewster, Kevin; Basarin, Vecihi; Basarin, Hatice Hurmuz (2003).
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The mine was eventually detonated in the early hours of 29 May.
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also remained behind, in the same position covering the south.
631:' "marksmanship was generally superior" to that of the Allies.
628:
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Expecting an imminent continuation of the battle, three Allied
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Ottoman Army Effectiveness in World War I: A Comparative Study
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commander level, were very experienced, being veterans of the
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By the end of the day the ANZAC artillery had expended 1,361
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To the immediate south, opposite Lone Pine, the Australian
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A typical ANZAC position; this is Steele's Post in May 1915
517:
were declared to collect the wounded and bury the dead in
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ANZAC Infantryman 1914–15: From New Guinea to Gallipoli
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defended the northern half of the beachhead, while the
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of the First World War was badly underestimated by the
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The History of the Canterbury Mounted Rifles 1914–1919
998:. Soon an informal truce began under the flags of the
2267:"Diaries of Private Victor Rupert Laidlaw, 1914-1984"
2207:
2136:
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
705:
had been sent to Cape Helles to support the British.
49:
in an assault on a British trench line in Anzac Cove.
2095:. New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affair and Trade.
3284:
Battles of World War I involving the Ottoman Empire
3274:
Battles of World War I involving the United Kingdom
769:reported seeing movement, and light reflecting off
2287:
2172:Shadows of Anzac: An Intimate History of Gallipoli
1201:"Dardenelles (sic) Commission report: conclusions"
1094:By comparison a British infantry company had ten
576:, 72nd and 77th infantry regiments) commanded by
3240:
2212:. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Allen and Unwin.
1524:
1522:
619:. But their command structure was weaker at the
464:. The attack was conducted by the forces of the
2271:State Library of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
2231:. Battle Orders. Vol. 16. Oxford: Osprey.
1951:
1949:
1151:Moorhead in 1997 claimed there were 5,000 dead.
3279:Battles of World War I involving British India
1939:
1937:
1303:
1301:
1111:hand grenade was not filed until 15 June 1915.
549:, landed at Beach Z, later to become known as
2460:
1519:
283:
3269:Battles of World War I involving New Zealand
3228:List of battles involving the Ottoman Empire
1946:
1443:
1441:
1081:, the 7th Indian Mountain Artillery and the
634:The assault was under the direct command of
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1934:
1596:(Supplement). 20 September 1915. p. 1.
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1580:
1578:
1576:
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918:ANZAC soldier giving a wounded Turk a drink
456:(19 May 1915) was an engagement during the
3264:Battles of World War I involving Australia
2467:
2453:
2387:The European Powers in the First World War
2370:. Warrior. Vol. 155. Oxford: Osprey.
2332:. Warrior. Vol. 145. Oxford: Osprey.
2163:New Zealand Artillery in the Field 1914–18
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1189:(Supplement). 29 March 1915. p. 3099.
566:First Turkish counter-attack on Anzac Cove
479:(ANZAC) landed on the western side of the
290:
276:
1697:
1695:
1670:(Supplement). 23 July 1915. p. 7279.
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1170:Fewster, Basarin, Basarin 2003, pp.xi–xii
16:Battle in 1915 during the First World War
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1390:"Mills Grenade and other like apparatus"
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2229:The British Expeditionary Force 1914–15
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1839:. Australian Government. Archived from
1826:
1779:
1749:
1462:
1450:
1431:
1429:
649:(1st, 5th and 6th infantry regiments),
3241:
2425:
2384:
2365:
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1891:. Commonwealth War Graves Commission.
1692:
1077:, the Indian Mule Cart Transport, the
744:on rests to the front of their lines.
297:
2448:
2411:. Christchurch: Whitcombe and Tombs.
2403:
2308:
2160:
1259:from the original on 11 February 2014
1233:from the original on 21 February 2014
540:Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
483:, at what thereafter became known as
477:Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
271:
2165:. Christchurch: Whitcombe and Tombs.
2129:
2073:from the original on 22 January 2014
2047:from the original on 29 January 2014
2041:"Australian fatalities at Gallipoli"
2012:from the original on 3 February 2014
1977:from the original on 7 February 2023
1895:from the original on 1 February 2014
1805:from the original on 2 February 2014
1426:
1277:Fewster, Basarin, Basarin 2003, p.12
1207:from the original on 1 February 2014
697:in No. 1 Section. The understrength
645:(13th and 14th infantry regiments),
502:fire from the defenders' rifles and
2482:Ottoman battles in the 20th century
2264:
2117:Fewster, Basarin, Basarin 2003, p.6
2099:from the original on 2 January 2014
1964:
798:had been digging a new trench into
671:New Zealand and Australian Division
13:
3259:New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade
1869:from the original on 25 April 2012
1396:from the original on 29 April 2014
782:fire. The Turks that survived the
693:in No. 2 Section, and finally the
679:New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade
14:
3305:
3289:Battles of the Gallipoli campaign
2430:. Auckland: Whitcombe and Tombs.
2351:. Auckland: Whitcombe and Tombs.
598:
534:On 25 April, at the start of the
2786:Kirte Bağları (Krithia Vineyard)
2476:
1098:, and several more junior NCOs.
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138:
39:
2409:The New Zealanders at Gallipoli
2313:. Auckland: Wilson and Horton.
2174:. Newport: Big Sky Publishing.
2111:
2085:
2059:
2033:
2024:
1998:
1989:
1958:
1925:
1916:
1907:
1881:
1855:
1817:
1791:
1770:
1761:
1740:
1731:
1722:
1713:
1704:
1683:
1674:
1654:
1645:
1636:
1627:
1618:
1609:
1600:
1558:
1549:
1540:
1531:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1474:
1417:
1408:
1382:
1373:
1364:
1355:
1346:
1337:
1328:
1319:
1310:
1289:
1229:. The Australian War Memorial.
1145:
1132:
1123:
1114:
1101:
1088:
656:
1280:
1271:
1245:
1219:
1193:
1173:
1164:
1067:
1054:
990:No man's land during the truce
1:
2761:3rd Arıburnu (3rd Anzac Cove)
2746:2nd Arıburnu (2nd Anzac Cove)
2294:. Ware: Wordsworth Editions.
2170:Cameron, David Wayne (2013).
1042:
524:
489:unsuccessful attacks in April
3223:For the battles before 1900
2821:Yusufçuktepe (Scimitar Hill)
2347:Powles, Charles Guy (1928).
2210:Gallipoli: The Turkish Story
2189:Erickson, Edward. J (2007).
961:
951:was chosen to command them.
703:New Zealand Infantry Brigade
589:British and French beachhead
529:
468:, against the forces of the
7:
2330:Ottoman Infantryman 1914–18
2227:Gudmundsson, Bruce (2005).
2043:. Australian War Memorial.
2008:. Encyclopædia Britannica.
1865:. Australian War Memorial.
1227:"The landing at Anzac Cove"
1107:The patent for the British
1075:Ceylon Planters Rifle Corps
922:
10:
3310:
3254:1915 in the Ottoman Empire
1316:Moorehead 1997, pp.146–147
454:third attack on Anzac Cove
26:Third attack on Anzac Cove
3219:
2726:1st Arıburnu (Anzac Cove)
2716:Seddülbayır (Cape Helles)
2675:
2541:
2487:
2265:Laidlaw, Private Victor.
1971:State Library of Victoria
1965:Laidlaw, Private Victor.
1913:Moorhead 1997, pp.152–153
1255:. Australian Government.
930:Canterbury Mounted Rifles
908:Wellington Mounted Rifles
888:3rd light horse regiments
747:
309:
253:
224:
193:
130:
53:
38:
30:
25:
2826:Selman’ı Pak (Ctesiphon)
2567:Beşpınar (Pente Pigadia)
2385:Tucker, Spencer (2013).
1863:"Simpson and his donkey"
1837:"Turkish counter-attack"
981:John Simpson Kirkpatrick
884:1st Light Horse Regiment
872:2nd Light Horse Regiment
621:non-commissioned officer
2647:2nd Edirne (Adrianople)
2597:1st Edirne (Adrianople)
2328:Nicolle, David (2010).
2286:Moorhead, Alan (1997).
2246:Kinloch, Terry (2005).
2069:. New Zealand History.
1801:. New Zealand History.
1019:3rd Light Horse Brigade
1015:2nd Light Horse Brigade
900:Auckland Mounted Rifles
710:Royal Naval Air Service
683:1st Light Horse Brigade
675:1st Australian Division
2426:Wilkie, A. H. (1924).
2193:. Taylor and Francis.
2006:"Dardanelles Campaign"
1955:Waite 1919, pp.142–145
1498:Kinloch 2005, pp.30–32
1370:Gudmundsson 2005, p.28
1062:Ottoman Turkish Empire
1032:
991:
974:rounds, 1,410 smaller
919:
818:
757:
699:2nd Australian Brigade
695:3rd Australian Brigade
691:1st Australian Brigade
689:in No. 3 Section, the
687:4th Australian Brigade
681:in No. 4 Section, the
666:
585:Otto Liman von Sanders
570:19th Infantry Division
561:
542:(ANZAC), commanded by
475:On 25 April 1915, the
466:Ottoman Turkish Empire
322:Landing at Cape Helles
194:Commanders and leaders
3046:Berukin and 1st Arara
2791:Kanlısırt (Lone Pine)
2389:. Oxford: Routledge.
1943:Bean 1941, pp.166–168
1767:Wilkie 1924, pp.21–23
1737:Bean 1941, pp.157–158
1719:Bean 1941, pp.155–156
1689:Bean 1941, pp.154–155
1651:Bean 1941, pp.149–150
1633:Bean 1941, pp.145–146
1624:Bean 1941, pp.147–148
1606:Bean 1941, pp.142–143
1564:Bean 1941, pp.141–142
1555:Bean 1941, pp.140–141
1546:Moorehead 1997, p.149
1537:Bean 1941, pp.138–139
1507:Bean 1941, pp.137–138
1203:. National Archives.
1027:
989:
917:
898:On Russell's Top the
814:Turkish troops going
813:
755:
664:
559:
354:Landing at Anzac Cove
100:40.24000°N 26.29250°E
2811:Kılıçbayır (The Nek)
2686:Köprüköy (Bergmann)
2366:Sumner, Ian (2011).
2309:Nicol, C.G. (1921).
2250:. Wollombe: Exisle.
2067:"Gallipoli Campaign"
1823:Moorhead 1997, p.151
1776:Nicol 1921, pp.42–43
1728:Morehead 1997, p.150
1307:Moorhead 1997, p.146
605:Ottoman Turkish Army
472:defending the cove.
403:Landing at Suvla Bay
2562:Kırcalı (Kardzhali)
1889:"John Kirkpatriick"
1843:on 11 February 2014
1361:Erickson 2007, p.26
1352:Erickson 2007, p.18
1343:Erickson 2007, p.16
1083:Royal Naval Brigade
481:Gallipoli Peninsula
96: /
2986:Hareira and Sheria
2161:Byrne, J. (1922).
1667:The London Gazette
1593:The London Gazette
1447:Cameron 2013, p.39
1414:Nicolle 2010, p.20
1334:Erickson 2007, p.1
1186:The London Gazette
992:
976:mountain artillery
920:
819:
758:
667:
562:
544:Lieutenant-General
536:Gallipoli Campaign
458:Gallipoli Campaign
301:Gallipoli campaign
105:40.24000; 26.29250
75:Adrianople Vilayet
47:going over the top
33:Gallipoli Campaign
3249:Conflicts in 1915
3236:
3235:
3131:Afulah and Beisan
3101:German Expedition
2841:Erzurum offensive
2587:İşkodra (Scutari)
2489:Italo-Turkish War
2437:978-1-84342-796-4
2396:978-1-135-50694-0
2377:978-1-84908-328-7
2358:978-1-84734-393-2
2339:978-1-84603-506-7
2200:978-0-203-96456-9
2181:978-1-922132-19-2
2030:Tucker 2013, p.56
1931:Waite 1919, p.142
1710:Waite 1919, p.140
1379:Waite 1919, p.149
1295:Powles 1928, p.27
1286:Waite 1919, p.136
953:Brigadier-General
568:in April, by the
447:
446:
266:
265:
126:
125:
3301:
3166:Jisr Benat Yakub
2851:Felahiye (Hanna)
2741:Battle of Dilman
2706:Naval operations
2622:Varna (Kaliakra)
2481:
2480:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2422:
2400:
2381:
2362:
2343:
2324:
2305:
2293:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2261:
2242:
2223:
2204:
2185:
2166:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2118:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2063:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2037:
2031:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2002:
1996:
1995:Bean 1941, p.168
1993:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1944:
1941:
1932:
1929:
1923:
1922:Bean 1941, p.166
1920:
1914:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1833:
1824:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1795:
1789:
1788:Bean 1941, p.162
1786:
1777:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1759:
1758:Bean 1941, p.164
1756:
1747:
1746:Bean 1941, p.159
1744:
1738:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1720:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1702:
1701:Bean 1941, p.151
1699:
1690:
1687:
1681:
1680:Bean 1941, p.152
1678:
1672:
1671:
1658:
1652:
1649:
1643:
1642:Bean 1941, p.146
1640:
1634:
1631:
1625:
1622:
1616:
1615:Bean 1941, p.144
1613:
1607:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1584:
1565:
1562:
1556:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1538:
1535:
1529:
1528:Bean 1941, p.140
1526:
1517:
1516:Bean 1941, p.138
1514:
1508:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1490:
1489:Sumner 2011, p.8
1487:
1481:
1480:Bryne 1922, p.36
1478:
1472:
1471:Bean 1941, p.139
1469:
1460:
1459:Bean 1941, p.135
1457:
1448:
1445:
1436:
1435:Bean 1941, p.136
1433:
1424:
1423:Bean 1941, p.133
1421:
1415:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1386:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1362:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1335:
1332:
1326:
1325:Bean 1941, p.132
1323:
1317:
1314:
1308:
1305:
1296:
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1287:
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1275:
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1243:
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1217:
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1197:
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1177:
1171:
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1152:
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1136:
1130:
1127:
1121:
1118:
1112:
1105:
1099:
1092:
1086:
1071:
1065:
1058:
939:Alexander Godley
547:William Birdwood
348:Krithia Vineyard
315:Naval operations
304:
302:
292:
285:
278:
269:
268:
217:
216:
207:William Birdwood
205:
204:
186:
184:
183:
171:
169:
168:
158:
156:
155:
144:
142:
141:
111:
110:
108:
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106:
101:
97:
94:
93:
92:
89:
55:
54:
43:
23:
22:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3300:
3299:
3298:
3294:May 1915 events
3239:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3215:
3051:2nd Transjordan
2677:First World War
2671:
2537:
2483:
2475:
2473:
2438:
2419:
2397:
2378:
2359:
2340:
2321:
2302:
2276:
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2258:
2239:
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2201:
2182:
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2149:
2147:
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2076:
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2065:
2064:
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2048:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2025:
2015:
2013:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1994:
1990:
1980:
1978:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1947:
1942:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1921:
1917:
1912:
1908:
1898:
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1886:
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1872:
1870:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1846:
1844:
1835:
1834:
1827:
1822:
1818:
1808:
1806:
1799:"Early Battles"
1797:
1796:
1792:
1787:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1766:
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1757:
1750:
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1199:
1198:
1194:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1156:
1155:
1150:
1146:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1106:
1102:
1093:
1089:
1079:Zion Mule Corps
1072:
1068:
1059:
1055:
1045:
964:
946:William Hardham
925:
896:
842:
808:
763:
750:
659:
601:
532:
527:
462:First World War
450:
449:
448:
443:
305:
300:
298:
296:
246:
242:
238:
211:
199:
181:
179:
166:
164:
153:
151:
139:
137:
104:
102:
98:
95:
90:
87:
85:
83:
82:
81:
45:Turkish troops
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3307:
3297:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3186:Jisr ed Damieh
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
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3083:
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3018:
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2968:
2963:
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2928:
2923:
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2916:Bir el Hassana
2913:
2908:
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2893:
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2883:
2878:
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2863:
2858:
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2472:
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2457:
2449:
2443:
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2436:
2423:
2417:
2401:
2395:
2382:
2376:
2363:
2357:
2344:
2338:
2325:
2319:
2306:
2300:
2283:
2262:
2256:
2243:
2237:
2224:
2218:
2205:
2199:
2186:
2180:
2167:
2158:
2145:
2126:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2110:
2084:
2058:
2032:
2023:
1997:
1988:
1957:
1945:
1933:
1924:
1915:
1906:
1880:
1854:
1825:
1816:
1790:
1778:
1769:
1760:
1748:
1739:
1730:
1721:
1712:
1703:
1691:
1682:
1673:
1653:
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1626:
1617:
1608:
1599:
1566:
1557:
1548:
1539:
1530:
1518:
1509:
1500:
1491:
1482:
1473:
1461:
1449:
1437:
1425:
1416:
1407:
1392:. US Patents.
1381:
1372:
1363:
1354:
1345:
1336:
1327:
1318:
1309:
1297:
1288:
1279:
1270:
1244:
1218:
1192:
1172:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1144:
1131:
1122:
1113:
1100:
1087:
1066:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1041:
963:
960:
956:Andrew Russell
924:
921:
895:
892:
868:15th Battalion
861:Victoria Cross
846:14th Battalion
841:
838:
828:11th Battalion
824:10th Battalion
807:
804:
796:3rd battalions
762:
759:
749:
746:
658:
655:
600:
599:Turkish forces
597:
531:
528:
526:
523:
470:British Empire
445:
444:
442:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
399:
392:
385:
382:3rd Anzac Cove
378:
375:2nd Anzac Cove
371:
368:1st Anzac Cove
364:
357:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
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310:
307:
306:
295:
294:
287:
280:
272:
264:
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260:
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255:
251:
250:
233:
227:
226:
225:Units involved
222:
221:
209:
196:
195:
191:
190:
188:Ottoman Empire
177:
176:
175:
162:
146:British Empire
133:
132:
128:
127:
124:
123:
117:
113:
112:
79:Ottoman Empire
69:
67:
63:
62:
59:
51:
50:
36:
35:
28:
27:
21:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3306:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
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3267:
3265:
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3255:
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3250:
3247:
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3229:
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3221:
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3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3031:Khan Baghdadi
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
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2418:1-4077-9591-0
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2301:1-85326-675-2
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2257:0-908988-60-5
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2240:
2238:1-84176-902-9
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2219:1-74114-045-5
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2164:
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2148:
2146:0-7022-1586-4
2142:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2131:Bean, Charles
2128:
2127:
2123:
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2114:
2098:
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2027:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1992:
1976:
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1968:
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1016:
1011:
1009:
1008:9th Battalion
1005:
1001:
997:
988:
984:
982:
977:
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969:
959:
957:
954:
950:
947:
944:
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934:
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905:
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894:No. 4 Section
891:
889:
885:
880:
877:
873:
869:
864:
862:
858:
855:
851:
847:
840:No. 3 Section
837:
834:
833:9th Battalion
829:
825:
817:
812:
806:No. 1 Section
803:
801:
800:no man's land
797:
793:
788:
785:
780:
776:
772:
768:
767:4th Battalion
761:No. 2 Section
754:
745:
743:
738:
733:
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711:
706:
704:
700:
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684:
680:
676:
672:
663:
654:
652:
651:16th Division
648:
644:
640:
637:
636:Major-General
632:
630:
626:
625:hand grenades
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
596:
594:
590:
586:
582:
581:Mustafa Kemal
579:
575:
571:
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541:
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522:
520:
519:no man's land
516:
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490:
486:
482:
478:
473:
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455:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
429:Scimitar Hill
427:
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293:
288:
286:
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279:
274:
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270:
261:
258:
257:
252:
249:
248:19th Division
245:
244:16th Division
241:
237:
234:
232:
229:
228:
223:
220:
215:
210:
208:
203:
198:
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178:
174:
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150:
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135:
134:
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121:
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114:
109:
80:
76:
72:
68:
65:
64:
60:
57:
56:
52:
48:
42:
37:
34:
29:
24:
19:
3224:
3001:Mughar Ridge
2991:Wadi el Hesi
2931:Jebel Hamlin
2760:
2632:İmroz (Elli)
2427:
2408:
2386:
2367:
2348:
2329:
2310:
2289:
2275:. Retrieved
2270:
2247:
2228:
2209:
2190:
2171:
2162:
2150:. Retrieved
2135:
2124:Bibliography
2113:
2101:. Retrieved
2087:
2075:. Retrieved
2061:
2049:. Retrieved
2035:
2026:
2014:. Retrieved
2000:
1991:
1979:. Retrieved
1970:
1960:
1927:
1918:
1909:
1897:. Retrieved
1883:
1871:. Retrieved
1857:
1845:. Retrieved
1841:the original
1819:
1807:. Retrieved
1793:
1772:
1763:
1742:
1733:
1724:
1715:
1706:
1685:
1676:
1665:
1656:
1647:
1638:
1629:
1620:
1611:
1602:
1591:
1560:
1551:
1542:
1533:
1512:
1503:
1494:
1485:
1476:
1419:
1410:
1398:. Retrieved
1384:
1375:
1366:
1357:
1348:
1339:
1330:
1321:
1312:
1291:
1282:
1273:
1261:. Retrieved
1253:"ANZAC Cove"
1247:
1235:. Retrieved
1221:
1209:. Retrieved
1195:
1184:
1175:
1166:
1147:
1134:
1125:
1116:
1103:
1090:
1069:
1056:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1012:
1004:Red Crescent
993:
970:rounds, 143
965:
935:
926:
897:
881:
876:over the top
865:
857:Albert Jacka
843:
820:
816:over the top
789:
764:
734:
724:
707:
668:
657:ANZAC forces
647:2nd Division
643:5th Division
633:
602:
563:
533:
508:
504:machine-guns
497:
474:
453:
451:
401:
394:
387:
381:
380:
373:
366:
359:
352:
343:Gully Ravine
320:
313:
240:5th Division
236:2nd Division
136:
131:Belligerents
31:Part of the
18:
2796:Anafartalar
2679:(1914–1918)
2667:2nd Çatalca
2617:1st Çatalca
2582:Kirk Kilise
2552:Sarantaporo
2545:(1912–1913)
2543:Balkan Wars
2513:Kunfuda Bay
2491:(1911–1912)
2405:Waite, Fred
2093:"Gallipoli"
1662:"No. 29240"
1588:"No. 29303"
1181:"No. 29115"
742:barbed wire
639:Essad Pasha
617:Balkan Wars
593:Cape Helles
424:Chunuk Bair
338:3rd Krithia
333:2nd Krithia
328:1st Krithia
219:Essad Pasha
173:New Zealand
103: /
61:19 May 1915
3243:Categories
3201:Khan Ayash
3106:Abu Tellul
3066:Karakilisa
3061:Sardarabad
3026:Tell 'Asur
2891:Bir el Abd
2701:Suez Canal
2691:Sarikamish
2592:Lüleburgaz
2103:17 January
2077:17 January
2051:17 January
2016:17 January
1899:19 January
1873:19 January
1847:18 January
1809:18 January
1263:18 January
1211:18 January
1109:Mills bomb
1043:References
968:18-pounder
737:small arms
720:battleship
551:Anzac Cove
525:Background
485:Anzac Cove
91:26°17′33″E
88:40°14′24″N
71:Anzac Cove
3206:2nd Amman
3111:2nd Arara
3041:1st Amman
3011:Jerusalem
3006:Ayun Kara
2971:Khuweilfe
2966:Beersheba
2961:Wadi Musa
2946:Istabulat
2861:Trebizond
2836:Sağ Sahil
2806:Sarıbayır
2801:Conkbayır
2776:Manzikert
2771:Zığındere
2766:3rd Kirte
2756:No.3 Post
2751:2nd Kirte
2736:1st Kirte
2290:Gallipoli
2152:23 August
1400:1 January
1237:1 January
1159:Citations
1140:battalion
1096:sergeants
1048:Footnotes
1000:Red Cross
996:armistice
962:Aftermath
775:war cries
530:Beachhead
493:divisions
419:Lone Pine
409:Sari Bair
389:No.3 Post
160:Australia
3176:Damascus
3156:Tiberias
3136:Nazareth
3086:Binagadi
3081:Kurdamir
2976:3rd Gaza
2941:2nd Gaza
2936:1st Gaza
2926:Samarrah
2901:Magdhaba
2871:Erzincan
2731:Baby 700
2627:Merhamli
2612:Monastir
2577:Kumanovo
2572:Sorovich
2508:Benghazi
2407:(1919).
2133:(1941).
2097:Archived
2071:Archived
2045:Archived
2010:Archived
1975:Archived
1893:Archived
1867:Archived
1803:Archived
1394:Archived
1257:Archived
1231:Archived
1205:Archived
1017:and the
972:howitzer
923:Daylight
870:and the
784:enfilade
771:bayonets
685:and the
511:brigades
500:enfilade
439:Hill 800
396:Baby 700
254:Strength
66:Location
3211:Haritan
3191:Sharqat
3126:Tulkarm
3116:Megiddo
3071:Goychay
3021:Jericho
2981:Baghdad
2921:2nd Kut
2831:1st Kut
2816:Hill 60
2721:Kumkale
2696:Ardahan
2652:Bolayır
2637:Korytsa
2557:Yenidje
2498:Preveza
943:Captain
854:Private
850:section
730:Krithia
725:Triumph
715:Eceabat
629:snipers
613:company
578:Colonel
460:of the
434:Hill 60
414:The Nek
361:Kumkale
122:victory
3196:Aleppo
3171:Kaukab
3151:Samakh
3121:Tabsor
3056:Abaran
2956:Ramadi
2886:Romani
2881:Bitlis
2662:Bizani
2657:Şarköy
2642:Lemnos
2607:Himara
2602:Prilep
2533:Zanzur
2528:Rhodes
2523:Beirut
2503:Tobruk
2434:
2415:
2393:
2374:
2355:
2336:
2317:
2298:
2277:19 May
2254:
2235:
2216:
2197:
2178:
2143:
1981:18 May
748:Attack
609:Allies
538:, the
515:truces
262:42,000
259:17,300
185:
170:
157:
143:
120:Allied
116:Result
3181:Kiswe
3161:Irbid
3146:Haifa
3141:Jenin
3096:Arsuf
3076:Aghsu
3036:Hijla
3016:Jaffa
2951:Aqaba
2911:Nekhl
2896:Yanbu
2876:Aqaba
2866:Mecca
2856:Sabis
2711:Katya
2518:Derna
231:ANZAC
3091:Baku
2906:Rafa
2846:Wadi
2432:ISBN
2413:ISBN
2391:ISBN
2372:ISBN
2353:ISBN
2334:ISBN
2315:ISBN
2296:ISBN
2279:2020
2252:ISBN
2233:ISBN
2214:ISBN
2195:ISBN
2176:ISBN
2154:2015
2141:ISBN
2105:2014
2079:2014
2053:2014
2018:2014
1983:2020
1901:2014
1875:2014
1849:2014
1811:2014
1402:2014
1265:2014
1239:2014
1213:2014
1002:and
904:saps
794:and
723:HMS
603:The
574:57th
564:The
452:The
58:Date
3225:see
2996:Huj
792:2nd
779:1st
591:at
3245::
2273:.
2269:.
1973:.
1969:.
1948:^
1936:^
1828:^
1781:^
1751:^
1694:^
1664:.
1590:.
1569:^
1521:^
1464:^
1452:^
1440:^
1428:^
1300:^
1183:.
949:VC
863:.
732:.
595:.
77:,
73:,
2468:e
2461:t
2454:v
2440:.
2421:.
2399:.
2380:.
2361:.
2342:.
2323:.
2304:.
2281:.
2260:.
2241:.
2222:.
2203:.
2184:.
2156:.
2107:.
2081:.
2055:.
2020:.
1985:.
1903:.
1877:.
1851:.
1813:.
1404:.
1267:.
1241:.
1215:.
1142:.
572:(
291:e
284:t
277:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
