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266:, a technique which has long been used in launch vehicles (rockets and missiles) then later in military jet-powered aircraft. This provides pumpjet-powered ships with superior agility at sea. Another advantage is that when faring backwards by using the reversing bucket, steering is not inverted, as opposed to propeller-powered ships.
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Mixed-flow waterjet designs incorporate aspects of both axial flow and centrifugal flow pumps. Pressure is developed by both diffusion and radial outflow. Mixed flow designs produce lower volumes of water at high velocity making them suited for small to moderate craft sizes and higher speeds. Common
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demonstrated a water-jet propelled boat using a steam-powered pump to drive a stream of water from the stern. This occurred on the
Potomac River at Shepherdstown, Virginia (now West Virginia) before a crowd of witnesses including General Horatio Gates. The 50-foot long boat traveled about one-half
506:. The boat achieved a top speed of 28 knots (32 mph; 52 km/h), a speed comparable to a boat with a conventional engine of similar output. The Italian Navy, who had funded the development of the boat, placed no orders but did veto the sale of the design outside of Italy. The first modern
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The water jet principle in shipping industry can be traced back to 1661 when
Toogood and Hayes produced a description of a ship having a central water channel in which either a plunger or centrifugal pump was installed to provide the motive power.
282:, where the high water volumes create tremendous thrust and acceleration as well as high top speeds. But these craft also have high power-to-weight ratios compared to most marine craft. Axial-flow waterjets are by far the most common type of pump.
259:
The nozzle also provides the steering of the pump-jets. Plates, similar to rudders, can be attached to the nozzle in order to redirect the water flow port and starboard. In a way, this is similar to the principles of air
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An axial-flow waterjet's pressure is increased by diffusing the flow as it passes through the impeller blades and stator vanes. The pump nozzle then converts this pressure energy into velocity, thus producing thrust.
204:, or a mixed flow pump which is a combination of both centrifugal and axial designs. The design also incorporates an intake to provide water to the pump and a nozzle to direct the flow of water out of the pump.
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or adjust engine thrust. The reversing bucket can also be used to help slow the ship down when braking. This feature is the main reason pump jets are so maneuverable.
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signature; this particular system has little in common with other pump-jet propulsors and is also known as "shrouded propeller configuration"; applications:
534:) and other small vessels, but since 2000 the desire for high-speed vessels has increased and thus the pump-jet is gaining popularity on larger craft,
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for low to medium speeds. The water pressure inside the inlet is increased by the pump and forced backwards through a nozzle. With the use of a
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Axial-flow waterjets produce high volumes at lower velocity, making them well suited to larger low to medium speed craft, the exception being
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High power density (with respect to volume) of both the propulsor and the prime mover (because a smaller, higher-speed unit can be used)
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Pump jets have some advantages over bare propellers for certain applications, usually related to requirements for high-speed or shallow-
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Charles Dawson, "The Early
History of the Water-jet Engine", "Industrial Heritage", Vol. 30, No 3, 2004, page 36.
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mile upriver before returning to the dock. The boat was reported to reach a speed of four mph moving upstream.
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Jet
Prototypes of World War II: Gloster, Heinkel, and Caproni Campini's wartime jet programmes
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Protection of the rotating element, making operation safer around swimmers and aquatic life
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uses include high speed pleasure craft and waterjets for shallow water river racing (see
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Pump-jet powered ships are very maneuverable. Examples of ships using pumpjets are the
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Alegi, Gregory (2014-01-15). "Secondo's Slow Burner, Campini
Caproni and the C.C.2".
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236:) that allows water to pass underneath the vessel into the engines. Water enters the
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received a UK patent for propelling ships by a jet of water ejected from the stern.
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Centrifugal-flow waterjet designs make use of radial flow to create water pressure.
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Improved shallow-water operations, because only the inlet needs to be submerged
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Examples for toilet centrifugal designs are the
Schottel Pump-Jet and outboard
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http://www.hamiltonmarine.co.nz/includes/files_cms/file/JetTorque%2008.pdf
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A pump-jet works by having an intake (usually at the bottom of the
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Pump-jets were once limited to high-speed pleasure craft (such as
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Increased maneuverability, by adding a steerable nozzle to create
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812:"Rumsey Exhibit – 3-4 – the Museum of the Berkeley Springs"
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David S. Yetman, "Without A Prop", DogEar
Publishers, 2010
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submarines. They are also used by the United States
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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600:-class submarines, as well as the United States
542:. On these larger craft, they can be powered by
798:"James Rumsey Steamboat – C&O Canal Trust"
711:"FAS Military Analysis Network: MK-48 Torpedo"
905:The Information page of the Stena HSS 1500
872:. No. 6. United Kingdom. p. 76.
746:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
498:demonstrated a pump-jet propelled boat in
240:through this inlet. The pump can be of a
216:This image illustrates the workings of a
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
228:Forward, back, side and turn by pump-jet
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188:system that produces a jet of water for
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192:. The mechanical arrangement may be a
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826:"Biographies of Civil engineers, etc"
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351:Noise reduction, resulting in a low
58:adding citations to reliable sources
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330:, because of the raised internal
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726:Marine Propellers and Propulsion
494:In April 1932, Italian engineer
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45:needs additional citations for
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479:On December 3, 1787, inventor
244:design for high speeds, or an
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136:A view of pump-jets operating
839:Buttler, Tony (2019-09-19).
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761:Wärtsilä patent description
659:Chain boat - Water turbines
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322:operations. These include:
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845:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
634:Internal drive propulsion
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27:Marine propulsion system
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724:Cartlon, J.S. (2012).
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54:improve this article
894:. 23 December 2005.
910:2009-12-08 at the
784:"Rumsey Steamboat"
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518:in the mid 1950s.
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110:February 2013
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52:Please help
47:verification
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950:Jet engines
560:Car Nicobar
512:New Zealand
420:French Navy
308:sterndrives
242:centrifugal
939:Categories
921:References
435:, and the
424:Triomphant
386:Royal Navy
382:Submarines
328:cavitation
314:Advantages
286:Mixed flow
270:Axial flow
190:propulsion
80:newspapers
69:"Pump-jet"
878:2051-1930
742:cite book
591:Trafalgar
585:Swiftsure
514:engineer
454:Spearfish
450:torpedoes
431:Barracuda
390:Trafalgar
182:water jet
154:Discovery
908:Archived
628:See also
611:-classes
609:Virginia
536:military
532:jetboats
528:jet skis
464:weapons.
414:Virginia
376:corvette
359:Warships
178:hydrojet
174:pump-jet
168:pump jet
164:Typical
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603:Seawolf
540:ferries
508:jetboat
471:History
448:Modern
407:Seawolf
403:US Navy
367:Swedish
166:jet ski
94:scholar
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618:-class
597:Astute
574:Valour
567:Hamina
564:, the
500:Venice
456:, the
418:, the
401:, the
397:Astute
373:-class
208:Design
186:marine
146:KaMeWa
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665:Notes
616:Borei
504:Italy
462:Mk 50
458:Mk 48
443:class
441:Borei
433:class
426:class
416:class
409:class
399:class
392:class
371:Visby
353:sonar
320:draft
200:), a
184:is a
180:, or
101:JSTOR
87:books
874:ISSN
847:ISBN
748:link
606:and
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522:Uses
460:and
428:and
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254:gear
238:pump
234:hull
73:news
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56:by
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