453:, be disqualified because he was Jewish. He denied direct responsibility for the deportations of the French Jews, claiming that his policies had saved more than half of the Jews from deportation. He claimed that Vichy's anti-Jewish laws had been enacted on German orders, but they were really done by the French themselves. Vallat was sentenced to ten years in prison. The court said he received a relatively lenient sentence in light of his service in World War I, and the many witnesses who said he had saved Jews by giving them false papers. He wanted a separate zone for the Jews, not their extermination.
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261:. Vallat made a series of personal rhetorical attacks on Blum, saying that "For the first time this ancient Gallo-Roman land will be governed by a Jew." Vallat was accused by the left of responsibility for the physical attack on Blum by a right-wing mob in the streets of Paris which occurred not long after this speech.
456:
Vallat was released on parole in 1949 and amnestied in 1954. He returned to anti-Semitic agitation, although he found few followers in postwar France. From 1962 to 1966 he was editor of the extreme right-wing weekly
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has demonstrated, these laws were passed by the Vichy regime on its own initiative and not under German pressure, as both PĂ©tain and Vallat claimed at their trials after the war.
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403:" of the French economy, education system, civil service and professions, and the enforcement of laws requiring all Jews to be registered with the police. As the historian
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387:. On 10 July 1940, he voted in favour of granting the Cabinet presided by Marshal PĂ©tain the authority to draw up a new constitution, thereby effectively ending the
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At his trial before the High Court of
Justice in December 1947, Vallat remained an unrepentant anti-Semite, demanding that one of the judges,
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still as an "independent", and then served until the
Assembly was suspended in 1940. He took membership however after the
61:
230:, arguing that Jews, Protestants and Masons were all part of a plot against Catholic France. He was violently opposed to
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Vallat remained a supporter of Vichy's policies, however, and in June 1944, when the Allied armies had already
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418:, who oversaw most of French co-operation with the German deportation of more than 70,000 French Jews to the
395:, a body set up to implement the anti-Semitic laws enacted by PĂ©tain's government. He later established the
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441:. He broadcast regular anti-Semitic tirades until the Allies liberated Vichy in August.
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1949:
1916:
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472:
protested by arriving at his funeral with a large wreath in the shape of a yellow
184:
he was severely wounded, losing his left leg and right eye. He was elected to the
3235:
3188:
3178:
3173:
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2647:
2610:
2595:
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2283:
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1939:
1822:
1768:
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1244:
934:
833:
469:
465:
375:
occupation of France in June 1940, Vallat supported the rise to power of
Marshal
2074:
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1111:
964:
132:(December 23, 1891 – January 6, 1972), French politician and antisemite who was
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3327:
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2392:
2084:
1843:
1828:
1284:
1091:
994:
3342:
2910:
1994:
1652:
1387:
1382:
535:
Persecutions and rescues: Jews and French under the
Occupation and under Vichy
391:
and establishing Vichy France. In March 1941, he was appointed as head of the
3617:
3505:
3332:
2925:
2585:
2148:
2064:
2059:
2049:
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1964:
1547:
1522:
1507:
1487:
1324:
1294:
1279:
1259:
1234:
1209:
1171:
984:
969:
858:
643:
531:
Persécutions et sauvetages: Juifs et Français sous l'Occupation et sous Vichy
473:
404:
223:
216:
180:. He became a teacher in Catholic schools before joining the French Army. In
552:
3277:
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2707:
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2069:
2024:
1974:
1753:
1714:
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1068:
1004:
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944:
893:
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400:
384:
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144:
140:
1329:
601:
433:, he was appointed head of the Vichy Radio following the assassination of
254:
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2632:
2029:
1392:
1229:
949:
883:
181:
3242:
2509:
2385:
2237:
1922:
1848:
1572:
1512:
1009:
929:
411:
299: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
247:
231:
168:
189:
167:. In his youth he was active in Catholic organisations and joined the
3125:
1274:
1166:
423:
239:
235:
227:
3679:
Members of the 16th
Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
3674:
Members of the 15th
Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
3669:
Members of the 14th
Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
3664:
Members of the 12th
Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
476:, the symbol that French Jews had been forced to wear by the Nazis.
274:
24:
537:]. Histoire (in French). Paris: Editions du Cerf. p. 169.
160:
215:
In the 1930s Vallat was a leading representative of the
Catholic,
566:
Pryce-Jones, David (1989). "Paris during the German
Occupation".
243:
147:
to ten years in prison for his part in the persecution of French
121:
3088:
1683:
1057:
148:
399:
on 29 November 1941. In this position, he oversaw the "
464:When Vallat died in January 1972, the Nazi hunters
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2746:Law regarding foreign nationals of the Jewish race
2529:
1598:Sons and Daughters of Jewish Deportees from France
2278:French Foundation for the Study of Human Problems
2263:Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy
3615:
2221:List of constitutional laws of the Vichy regime
192:in 1919 as an "independent", who supported the
3139:Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism
1699:
617:
212:which was moving increasingly to the right.
2340:Underground media in German-occupied France
1592:Fondation pour la MĂ©moire de la DĂ©portation
902:Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation
631:
565:
1706:
1692:
624:
610:
590:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
393:Commissariat-General for Jewish Questions
359:Learn how and when to remove this message
134:Commissioner-General for Jewish Questions
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
3729:French military personnel of World War I
2362:Newspapers confiscated for collaboration
486:History of far right movements in France
120:
3744:People convicted of indignité nationale
3644:People affiliated with Action Française
2767:Commissariat-General for Jewish Affairs
2345:Freedom of the Press Ordinances of 1944
1630:List of Holocaust memorials and museums
912:Timeline of deportations to death camps
397:Union générale des israélites de France
3749:French politicians convicted of crimes
3649:Independent Right (France) politicians
3616:
2312:Vichy Holocaust collaboration timeline
1611:MĂ©morial des Martyrs de la DĂ©portation
1117:Vichy Holocaust collaboration timeline
250:of France, Spain, Italy and Portugal.
3754:French people convicted of war crimes
1687:
605:
528:
159:Vallat was born in the department of
154:
3659:Government ministers of Vichy France
3453:The Destruction of the European Jews
2295:Political situation in French Africa
2290:Police collaboration in Vichy France
1192:Police collaboration in Vichy France
297:adding citations to reliable sources
268:
143:government, and was sentenced after
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
3724:Roman Catholic conspiracy theorists
1618:Mémorial national de la déportation
13:
3739:Order of the Francisque recipients
3704:Late modern Christian antisemitism
3694:Catholicism and far-right politics
2154:French National-Collectivist Party
426:, where most of them were killed.
176:, the most important group on the
14:
3765:
3684:Members of Parliament for Ardèche
3654:Republican Federation politicians
2268:Collaboration with Imperial Japan
2226:French Constitutional Law of 1940
1902:French Constitutional Law of 1940
503:
308:"Xavier Vallat" Vichy regime
3734:Holocaust perpetrators in France
2751:Second law on the status of Jews
2178:Légion Française des Combattants
1713:
444:
410:The German Ambassador to Vichy,
273:
246:. He favoured the project for a
220:extreme right in French politics
178:extreme right of French politics
23:
2442:France, revue de l'État nouveau
2335:Censorship under the occupation
1463:Marie-Claude Vaillant-Couturier
284:needs additional citations for
264:
34:needs additional citations for
2244:Service du travail obligatoire
2216:Armistice of Saint Jean d'Acre
1726:World War II collaboration in:
559:
522:
163:into a family of conservative
1:
2367:Office français d'information
2188:Revolutionary Social Movement
1859:History of the Jews in France
1673:Vichy anti-Jewish legislation
1663:History of the Jews in France
907:Vichy anti-Jewish legislation
496:
257:, a Jewish Socialist, became
2165:Jeunesse Populaire Française
1051:Jeunesse Populaire Française
1015:Carl-Heinrich von StĂĽlpnagel
7:
3719:French conspiracy theorists
3392:Municipal elections of 1945
3075:Service d'ordre légionnaire
2683:French protectorate of Laos
2357:Maréchal, nous voilà !
1990:Louis Darquier de Pellepoix
1157:Louis Darquier de Pellepoix
1097:Louis Darquier de Pellepoix
479:
416:Louis Darquier de Pellepoix
10:
3770:
3417:Holocaust denial in France
3368:Ordinance of 9 August 1944
2106:Government of Vichy France
3558:
3515:
3469:
3444:
3435:
3397:1946 legislative election
3353:
3295:
3265:
3211:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
3151:
3112:
3066:
3010:
3003:
2994:
2959:
2871:
2838:
2785:
2759:
2741:Law on the status of Jews
2731:
2720:
2660:
2623:
2561:
2521:Syria and Lebanon mandate
2501:
2320:
2253:
2201:
2139:
2098:
1932:
1897:Armistice of 22 June 1940
1889:
1802:
1721:
1638:
1581:
1476:
1406:
1353:
1200:
1137:
1067:
1028:
920:
892:
809:
756:
639:
451:Maurice Kriegel-Valrimont
3407:Trial of Philippe PĂ©tain
3082:Groupe mobile de réserve
2625:French Equatorial Africa
2428:L'Émancipation nationale
2330:Antisemitic publications
1045:Parti Populaire Français
514:French National Assembly
259:Prime Minister of France
16:French Nazi collaborator
3499:The Sorrow and the Pity
3313:Siegfried Line campaign
3120:SS Charlemagne division
2982:The Holocaust in France
2131:Second Laval government
2000:Charles du Paty de Clam
1980:Pierre-Antoine Cousteau
1177:Charles du Paty de Clam
1077:Anti-Jewish legislation
786:French Riviera roundups
633:The Holocaust in France
568:Collaboration in France
3714:Antisemitism in France
3639:French Roman Catholics
3373:Provisional Government
3033:15th Military Division
3028:14th Military Division
2863:Yellow badge in France
2183:National Popular Rally
2116:First Laval government
2005:Pierre-Étienne Flandin
1839:French colonial empire
1648:Antisemitism in France
1568:André and Magda Trocmé
1373:Antoinette Feuerwerker
1152:Louis-Ferdinand CĂ©line
126:
3603:Category:Vichy France
3226:Operation Bright Moon
3023:7th Military Division
2421:Documents maçonniques
1498:Le Chambon-sur-Lignon
1039:Devisenschutzkommando
529:Cohen, Asher (1993).
389:French Third Republic
210:Republican Federation
124:
3634:People from Vaucluse
3538:Le Silence de la mer
3363:Liberation of France
2972:Deportation timeline
2477:RĂ©volution nationale
2351:Le Juif et la France
2301:RĂ©volution nationale
2159:French Popular Party
1864:Treaty of Versailles
1604:MĂ©morial de la Shoah
1558:Jules-Géraud Saliège
1518:Pierre-Marie Gerlier
1503:Château de Chabannes
1240:Messaoud El Mediouni
1123:RĂ©volution nationale
459:Aspects de la France
293:improve this article
43:improve this article
3318:Sigmaringen enclave
3308:Liberation of Paris
2967:Deportation convoys
2936:Royallieu-Compiègne
2901:Natzweiler-Struthof
2772:Order of Physicians
2531:French North Africa
2193:Peasant Corporation
2172:Mouvement Franciste
1970:Jacques Charpentier
1945:Jean-Marie Bergeret
1625:Rivesaltes Memorial
980:Hans-Dietrich Ernst
869:Royallieu-Compiègne
839:Natzweiler-Struthof
510:Biographical notice
222:. He was also anti-
3689:Christian fascists
3412:Klaus Barbie trial
3303:Operation Overlord
3043:Army of the Levant
2977:Holocaust timeline
2661:Asia & Oceania
2563:French West Africa
2121:Flandin government
2090:Carltheo Zeitschel
1876:War guilt question
1563:Pierre-Marie Théas
1020:Carltheo Zeitschel
990:Ernst Heinrichsohn
431:landed in Normandy
420:extermination camp
202:re-elected in 1928
155:Until World War II
127:
3611:
3610:
3568:French Resistance
3554:
3553:
3492:Milice, film noir
3478:Bombing the Nazis
3386:Épuration sauvage
3323:Fernand de Brinon
3291:
3290:
3231:Wallis and Futuna
3147:
3146:
2990:
2989:
2881:Beaune-la-Rolande
2716:
2715:
2703:Kouang-Tchéou-Wan
2656:
2655:
2619:
2618:
2557:
2556:
2492:L'Union française
2273:Foreign relations
2126:Darlan government
2111:PĂ©tain government
2020:Charles Huntziger
2015:Gaston Henry-Haye
1681:
1680:
1538:Père Marie-Benoît
1378:David Feuerwerker
1335:Charlotte Salomon
1310:Sonia Olschanezky
1265:Maurice Halbwachs
1147:Robert Brasillach
1031:and organizations
975:Theodor Dannecker
819:Beaune-la-Rolande
379:at the head of a
369:
368:
361:
343:
186:National Assembly
119:
118:
111:
93:
3761:
3531:Section spéciale
3524:Castle to Castle
3485:The Eye of Vichy
3442:
3441:
3422:Mission Mattéoli
3379:Épuration légale
3133:Légion impériale
3104:Special Brigades
3008:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2805:Clermont-Ferrand
2729:
2728:
2673:French Indochina
2658:
2657:
2621:
2620:
2559:
2558:
2527:
2526:
2407:Le Cri du peuple
2375:
2307:Special Sections
2211:Anti-Jewish laws
2045:George Montandon
2040:Bernard Ménétrel
2010:Philippe Henriot
1811:Action Française
1708:
1701:
1694:
1685:
1684:
1658:Battle of France
1644:
1584:
1553:Germaine Ribière
1411:
1368:Jean Elleinstein
1356:
1320:BĂ©atrice Reinach
1305:Casimir Oberfeld
1300:Irène Némirovsky
1250:Benjamin Fondane
1203:
923:
895:
771:Clermont-Ferrand
626:
619:
612:
603:
602:
596:
595:
589:
581:
563:
557:
556:
526:
520:
519:
507:
435:Philippe Henriot
383:regime based in
381:collaborationist
364:
357:
353:
350:
344:
342:
301:
277:
269:
198:defeated in 1924
173:Action Française
138:collaborationist
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
3769:
3768:
3764:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3759:
3758:
3699:French fascists
3614:
3613:
3612:
3607:
3572:Year in France
3563:Occupied France
3550:
3545:Suite française
3511:
3465:
3437:
3431:
3402:Fourth Republic
3355:
3349:
3287:
3283:Philippe PĂ©tain
3273:François Darlan
3261:
3189:Franco-Thai War
3143:
3108:
3062:
2986:
2955:
2867:
2840:
2834:
2781:
2755:
2723:
2712:
2652:
2615:
2553:
2525:
2497:
2463:Je suis partout
2400:Le Cahier jaune
2373:
2369:
2322:
2316:
2284:La jeune France
2255:
2249:
2233:Paris Protocols
2203:
2197:
2141:
2135:
2094:
2055:Philippe PĂ©tain
1985:François Darlan
1940:Joseph Antignac
1928:
1912:Philippe PĂ©tain
1885:
1823:Camelots du Roi
1798:
1717:
1712:
1682:
1677:
1668:Occupied France
1642:
1634:
1577:
1543:René de Naurois
1479:
1478:Righteous Among
1472:
1443:Denise Holstein
1409:
1402:
1349:
1340:Sascha Schapiro
1255:Otto Freundlich
1245:Jacques Feldbau
1196:
1133:
1107:Philippe PĂ©tain
1087:François Darlan
1063:
1030:
1029:Nazi occupation
1024:
935:Ernst Achenbach
916:
888:
805:
752:
635:
630:
600:
599:
583:
582:
578:
564:
560:
545:
527:
523:
517:
508:
504:
499:
482:
470:Beate Klarsfeld
447:
377:Philippe PĂ©tain
365:
354:
348:
345:
302:
300:
290:
278:
267:
157:
136:in the wartime
115:
104:
98:
95:
58:"Xavier Vallat"
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3767:
3757:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3600:
3599:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3570:
3565:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3541:
3534:
3527:
3519:
3517:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3502:
3495:
3488:
3481:
3473:
3471:
3467:
3466:
3464:
3463:
3460:Strange Defeat
3456:
3448:
3446:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3427:Vichy syndrome
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3382:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3359:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3345:
3340:
3338:Eugène Bridoux
3335:
3330:
3328:Joseph Darnand
3325:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3269:
3267:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3259:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3240:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3197:
3196:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3100:
3099:
3085:
3078:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3038:Armistice Army
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3014:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2992:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2877:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2844:
2842:
2839:Discrimination
2836:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2795:French Riviera
2791:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2763:
2761:
2760:Administration
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2737:
2735:
2726:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2664:
2662:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2629:
2627:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2567:
2565:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2539:French Algeria
2535:
2533:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2488:
2481:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2431:
2424:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2370:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2326:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2259:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2218:
2213:
2207:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2145:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2087:
2085:Maxime Weygand
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1955:Louis Bourgain
1952:
1947:
1942:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1926:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1893:
1891:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1883:
1881:Henry Dorgères
1878:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1861:
1856:
1854:Third Republic
1851:
1846:
1844:Nuremberg Laws
1841:
1836:
1834:Fall of France
1831:
1829:Dreyfus affair
1826:
1819:
1814:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1711:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1688:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1614:
1607:
1600:
1595:
1587:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1484:
1482:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1438:Nadine Heftler
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1414:
1412:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1359:
1357:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1290:Hélène Metzger
1287:
1285:Georges Mandel
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1206:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1143:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1131:
1126:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1092:Joseph Darnand
1089:
1084:
1079:
1073:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1054:
1047:
1042:
1034:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
995:Helmut Knochen
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
960:Karl Bömelburg
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
926:
924:
918:
917:
915:
914:
909:
904:
898:
896:
890:
889:
887:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
836:
831:
826:
821:
815:
813:
807:
806:
804:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
762:
760:
754:
753:
751:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
640:
637:
636:
629:
628:
621:
614:
606:
598:
597:
576:
558:
543:
521:
501:
500:
498:
495:
494:
493:
488:
481:
478:
446:
443:
367:
366:
281:
279:
272:
266:
263:
206:1936 elections
156:
153:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3766:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3604:
3601:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3557:
3547:
3546:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3508:
3507:
3503:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3468:
3462:
3461:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3434:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3352:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3333:Jean Luchaire
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3294:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3264:
3258:
3255:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3206:Syria–Lebanon
3204:
3202:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3164:Mers-el-KĂ©bir
3162:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3105:
3102:
3098:
3097:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3084:
3083:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3065:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3009:
3006:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2993:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2870:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2837:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2719:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2516:Occupied zone
2514:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2449:Ici la France
2446:
2444:
2443:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2319:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2149:French League
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:organizations
2138:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2080:Xavier Vallat
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2065:Simon Sabiani
2063:
2061:
2060:Pierre Pucheu
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2050:Maurice Papon
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2035:Jean Luchaire
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1965:Alexis Carrel
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1950:René Bousquet
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1918:
1917:HĂ´tel du Parc
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1734:Baltic states
1732:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1720:
1716:
1709:
1704:
1702:
1697:
1695:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1641:
1640:
1637:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1548:Paul Ramadier
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1523:Justin Godart
1521:
1519:
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1508:Jacques Ellul
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1488:Albert Bedane
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1458:André Rogerie
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1433:Henry Bulawko
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1187:Xavier Vallat
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1139:Collaborators
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1082:René Bousquet
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985:Herbert Hagen
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970:Alois Brunner
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894:Documentation
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644:The Holocaust
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577:0-85496-237-9
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544:9782204044912
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474:Star of David
471:
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460:
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445:After the war
442:
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417:
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405:Robert Paxton
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320:
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313:
310: –
309:
305:
304:Find sources:
298:
294:
288:
287:
282:This section
280:
276:
271:
270:
262:
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256:
251:
249:
245:
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194:National Bloc
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130:Xavier Vallat
125:Xavier Vallat
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91:
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77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3709:Anti-Masonry
3543:
3536:
3529:
3522:
3504:
3497:
3490:
3483:
3476:
3458:
3451:
3384:
3377:
3356:& Impact
3278:Henri Giraud
3243:
3236:
3215:
3200:
3158:
3131:
3124:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3018:1st Regiment
2858:Yellow badge
2853:Nazi plunder
2848:Aryanisation
2830:Villeurbanne
2800:Green ticket
2708:New Hebrides
2668:French India
2643:Ubangi-Shari
2638:Middle Congo
2508:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2468:
2461:
2454:
2447:
2440:
2433:
2426:
2419:
2412:
2405:
2398:
2391:
2384:
2377:
2372:
2349:
2299:
2282:
2254:Policy &
2242:
2170:
2163:
2079:
2075:André Tulard
2070:Paul Touvier
2025:Pierre Laval
1975:Henry Coston
1933:Participants
1921:
1821:
1809:
1789:Soviet Union
1725:
1715:Vichy France
1616:
1609:
1602:
1590:
1528:Père Jacques
1493:Marc Boegner
1453:Sarah Kofman
1418:Louise Alcan
1398:Rose Warfman
1315:Victor Perez
1270:Paul Hermann
1215:Victor Basch
1186:
1182:Paul Touvier
1129:Vichy Police
1121:
1112:André Tulard
1102:Pierre Laval
1069:Vichy France
1056:
1049:
1037:
1005:Kurt Lischka
1000:Josef Kramer
965:Heinz Röthke
945:Klaus Barbie
940:Horst Ahnert
922:Perpetrators
801:Villeurbanne
766:Green ticket
646:by country:
567:
561:
534:
530:
524:
505:
491:Vichy France
463:
458:
455:
448:
428:
409:
401:Aryanisation
370:
355:
346:
336:
329:
322:
315:
303:
291:Please help
286:verification
283:
265:Vichy France
252:
217:anti-Semitic
214:
171:
158:
145:World War II
129:
128:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
3629:1972 deaths
3624:1891 births
3438:& Media
3343:Marcel DĂ©at
3296:Dissolution
3096:Franc-Garde
2960:Deportation
2931:Romainville
2841:and plunder
2688:Cochinchina
2606:Upper Volta
2571:Ivory Coast
2479:(newspaper)
2393:Aujourd'hui
2140:Parties and
2099:Governments
2030:Jean Leguay
1995:Marcel DĂ©at
1869:Article 231
1653:Armée Juive
1533:Henri Manen
1480:the Nations
1468:LĂ©on Zyguel
1393:Simone Veil
1388:LĂ©on Schwab
1383:David Olère
1345:David Vogel
1230:Kadmi Cohen
1220:Hélène Berr
1162:René Gérard
955:Kurt Blanke
950:Werner Best
864:Romainville
718:Netherlands
518:(in French)
516:'s website
182:World War I
3618:Categories
3221:Madagascar
2941:Rivesaltes
2916:Pithiviers
2825:Vel' d'Hiv
2591:Mauritania
2510:Zone libre
2485:La Semaine
2323:propaganda
2238:Riom Trial
1960:André Broc
1923:Zone libre
1907:The Eighty
1890:Beginnings
1849:Phoney War
1817:Boulangism
1764:Luxembourg
1573:Varian Fry
1513:Mary Elmes
1448:René Kapel
1010:Carl Oberg
930:Otto Abetz
874:Rivesaltes
849:Pithiviers
796:Vel' d'Hiv
713:Luxembourg
570:. Oxford.
497:References
439:Resistance
412:Otto Abetz
371:After the
319:newspapers
248:Latin Bloc
232:liberalism
224:Protestant
169:monarchist
69:newspapers
3354:Aftermath
3184:Indochina
3169:Gibraltar
3126:Carlingue
3113:Auxiliary
3048:Air Force
2946:Septfonds
2921:Récébédou
2815:Marseille
2502:Territory
2435:La France
2321:Press and
2202:Legal and
1583:Memorials
1410:testimony
1355:Survivors
1330:Alma Rosé
1275:Max Jacob
1225:René Blum
1167:Jean Mamy
879:Septfonds
854:Récébédou
781:Marseille
708:Lithuania
586:cite book
424:Auschwitz
255:LĂ©on Blum
240:communism
236:socialism
226:and anti-
196:. He was
165:Catholics
3266:Officers
3194:Ko Chang
2996:Military
2926:Rieucros
2905:subcamps
2787:Roundups
2678:Cambodia
2648:Cameroon
2611:Togoland
2379:L'Alerte
2256:politics
2204:treaties
1784:Slovakia
1643:See also
859:Rieucros
843:subcamps
758:Roundups
668:Bulgaria
553:30070726
480:See also
349:May 2022
253:In 1936
188:for the
161:Vaucluse
99:May 2020
3516:Fiction
3445:History
3436:History
3257:RĂ©union
3152:Battles
3067:Militia
3011:Regular
2724:affairs
2601:Senegal
2576:Dahomey
2549:Tunisia
2544:Morocco
2470:Revivre
2414:Combats
2386:L'Appel
1803:Prelude
1794:Ukraine
1749:Denmark
1744:Croatia
1739:Belarus
1729:Albania
1620:
1408:Witness
1202:Victims
748:Ukraine
733:Romania
688:Hungary
678:Estonia
673:Croatia
663:Belgium
658:Belarus
653:Austria
648:Albania
512:on the
437:by the
333:scholar
244:fascism
228:Masonic
208:in the
190:Ardèche
83:scholar
3506:Uranus
3250:Toulon
3089:Milice
3004:Forces
2951:Vernet
2896:Milles
2886:Drancy
2722:Jewish
2698:Tonkin
2586:Guinea
2374:Press:
1779:Serbia
1774:Poland
1769:Norway
1759:Greece
1754:France
1058:Milice
884:Vernet
834:Milles
824:Drancy
743:Serbia
738:Russia
728:Poland
723:Norway
698:Latvia
683:France
574:
551:
541:
373:German
335:
328:
321:
314:
306:
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
3244:Anton
3237:Torch
3179:Gabon
3174:Dakar
3058:Guard
2873:Camps
2810:Izieu
2693:Annam
2596:Niger
2581:Sudan
2456:Idées
811:Camps
776:Izieu
703:Libya
693:Italy
533:[
466:Serge
385:Vichy
340:JSTOR
326:books
141:Vichy
90:JSTOR
76:books
3596:1944
3591:1943
3586:1942
3581:1941
3576:1940
3470:Film
3216:1942
3201:1941
3159:1940
3053:Navy
2891:Gurs
2820:Lyon
2777:UGIF
2733:Laws
2633:Chad
829:Gurs
791:Lyon
592:link
572:ISBN
549:OCLC
539:ISBN
468:and
312:news
238:and
149:Jews
62:news
2911:Noé
461:.
422:at
295:by
45:by
3620::
588:}}
584:{{
547:.
234:,
200:,
151:.
2907:)
2903:(
1707:e
1700:t
1693:v
845:)
841:(
625:e
618:t
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594:)
580:.
555:.
362:)
356:(
351:)
347:(
337:·
330:·
323:·
316:·
289:.
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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