8147:, pp. 1, 8–9. "ur findings confirmed that the Xiongnu had a strongly admixed mitochondrial and Y-chromosome gene pools and revealed a significant western component in the Xiongnu group studied.... e propose Scytho-Siberians as ancestors of the Xiongnu and Huns as their descendants... ast Eurasian R1a subclades R1a1a1b2a-Z94 and R1a1a1b2a2-Z2124 were a common element of the Hun, Avar and Hungarian Conqueror elite and very likely belonged to the branch that was observed in our Xiongnu samples. Moreover, haplogroups Q1a and N1a were also major components of these nomadic groups, reinforcing the view that Huns (and thus Avars and Hungarian invaders) might derive from the Xiongnu as was proposed until the eighteenth century but strongly disputed since... Some Xiongnu paternal and maternal haplotypes could be found in the gene pool of the Huns, the Avars, as well as Mongolian and Hungarian conquerors."
3516:
3347:
3437:
3407:
2305:
3577:
3674:
3701:
3565:
3665:
3656:
3552:
3536:
3647:
3787:
3753:
3772:
3860:
3362:
2497:
1793:
3683:
3294:
3840:
3638:
1874:. The number of recorded battles increased from the end of the 9th century. In the late Avar period, a part of Hungarians was already present in the Carpathian Basin in the 9th century, this has been supported by genetic and archaeological research, because there are graves in which Avar descendants are buried in Hungarian clothes. The contemporary local population is descended from previous peoples of the Carpathian Basin, and a large number of people survived to the 10th century from the previous Avar period. An important segment of this Avar era Hungarians is that the
3422:
1890:, this three genetic components appear in the graves of the Hungarian conqueror elite of the 9th century. Based on the DNA in the Hungarian conqueror graves, the conquerors had eastern origin, but the vast majority of the Hungarian conquerors had European genome. The remains in cemeteries of the Hungarian commoners had fewer Eastern Asian ancestry than the remains in cemeteries of the Hungarian elite, which display around 1/3 Eastern ancestry. Commoners clustered with surrounding non-Hungarian groups, while elite remains clustered with modern day
3054:. The admixture event is suggested to have taken place in the Southern Ural region at 643–431 BCE. Modern Hungarians were found to be admixed descendants of the historical Magyar conquerors with local Europeans, as 31 Hungarian samples could be modelled as two-way admixtures of "Conq_Asia_Core" and "EU_Core" in varying degrees. The historical Magyar component among modern Hungarians is estimated at an average frequency of 13%, which can be explained by the relative smaller population size of Magyar conquerors compared to local European groups.
860:
285:
2489:
503:
2346:
3377:
3392:
662:
3728:
3710:
345:
325:
5011:
3737:
211:
3824:
3809:
305:
642:
2297:
3719:
1592:
3692:
920:
880:
3515:
2706:. The Carpathian Basin was demonstrably not empty when the Hungarian conquerors led by Árpád arrived. The conquering Hungarians mixed to varying degrees on individual level with the Avar population living in the Carpathian Basin, but they had Avar genetic heritage as well. According to Endre Neparáczki, it is no longer possible to narrow down the Hungarian population of the Carpathian Basin only of people of Árpád. Following the devastations caused by the
563:
781:
761:
79:
403:
603:
138:
3889:
523:
443:
365:
230:
801:
483:
248:
120:
2354:
940:
900:
840:
174:
682:
543:
463:
2245:
741:
156:
4474:
384:
721:
583:
3464:
266:
192:
423:
2139:
3576:
3551:
7485:
Vanchigdash, Chuluunkhuu; Ochir, Battuga; Munkhbayar, Chuluunbat; Tumen, Dashzeveg; Kovalev, Alexey; Kradin, Nikolay; Bazarov, Bilikto A.; Miyagashev, Denis A.; Konovalov, Prokopiy B.; Zhambaltarova, Elena; Miller, Alicia
Ventresca; Haak, Wolfgang; Schiffels, Stephan; Krause, Johannes; Boivin, Nicole; Erdene, Myagmar; Hendy, Jessica; Warinner, Christina (12 November 2020).
2369:, the Kingdom had been cut into several parts, leaving only a quarter of its original size. One-third of the Hungarians became minorities in the neighbouring countries. During the remainder of the 20th century, the Hungarians population of Hungary grew from 7.1 million (1920) to around 10.4 million (1980), despite losses during the
2674:. The elite of the conquering Hungarians established the Hungarian state, genetic studies revealed, the conqueror elite in both sexes has approximately 30% Eastern Eurasian components, while the commoner population appears to have carried the overlaid local European gene pool from previous eastern immigrations. In medieval
2654:, this admixture happened before the arrival of the Huns to the Volga region in 370. The Huns integrated local tribes east of the Urals, among them Sarmatians and the ancestors of the Hungarian conquerors. The Hungarians arrived in the frame of a strong centralized steppe-empire under the leadership of Grand Prince
2934:
According to a study by Pamjav, the area of
Bodrogköz suggested to be a population isolate found an elevated frequency of Haplogroup N: R1a-M458 (20.4%), I2a1-P37 (19%), R1a-Z280 (14.3%), and E1b-M78 (10.2%). Various R1b-M343 subgroups accounted for 15% of the Bodrogköz population. Haplogroup N1c-Tat
1834:
and the interior regions housed the surviving Avar population in their stateless state. The downfall of the Avar
Khaganate at the beginning of the 9th century did not mean the extinction of the Avar population, contemporary written sources report surviving Avar groups. According to the archaeological
7859:
Neparáczki, Endre; Juhász, Zoltán; Pamjav, Horolma; Fehér, Tibor; Csányi, Bernadett; Zink, Albert; Maixner, Frank; Pálfi, György; Molnár, Erika; Pap, Ildikó; Kustár, Ágnes; Révész, László; Raskó, István; Török, Tibor (February 2017). "Genetic structure of the early
Hungarian conquerors inferred from
4612:
The question asked was "Do you consider yourself to be...?" With a card showing: Catholic, Orthodox, Protestant, Other
Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Sikh, Buddhist, Hindu, Atheist, and Non-believer/Agnostic. Space was given for Other (SPONTANEOUS) and DK. Jewish, Sikh, Buddhist, Hindu did not reach the
3557:
The "Red Map", based on the 1910 census. Regions with population density below 20 persons/km (52 persons/sq mi) are left blank and the corresponding population is represented in the nearest region with population density above that limit. Red colour to mark
Hungarians and light purple colour to
2025:
in a pre-planned manner, with a long move-in between 862 and 895. This is confirmed by the archaeological findings, in the 10th-century
Hungarian cemeteries, the graves of women, children and elderly people are located next to the warriors, they were buried according to the same traditions, wore the
5868:
Maár, Kitti; Varga, Gegely I.B.; Kovács, Bence; Schütz, Oszkár; Maróti, Zoltán; Kalmár, Tibor; Nyerki, Emil; Nagy, István; Latinovics, Dóra; Tihanyi, Balázs; Marcsik, Antónia; Pálfi, György; Bernert, Zsolt; Gallina, Zsolt; Varga, Sándor; Költő, László; Raskó, István; Török, Tibor; Neparáczki, Endre
2832:
culture is widely accepted among researchers. A full genome study found that the
Bashkirs display, next to their high European ancestry, also affinity to both Uralic-speaking populations of Northern Asia, as well as Inner Asian Turkic groups, "pointing to a mismatch of their cultural background and
2333:
Hungarian settlers from the northern and western counties of the
Kingdom of Hungary. Spontaneous assimilation was an important factor, especially among the German and Jewish minorities and the citizens of the bigger towns. On the other hand, about 1.5 million people (about two-thirds non-Hungarian)
7721:
Triska, Petr; Chekanov, Nikolay; Stepanov, Vadim; Khusnutdinova, Elza K.; Kumar, Ganesh Prasad Arun; Akhmetova, Vita; Babalyan, Konstantin; Boulygina, Eugenia; Kharkov, Vladimir; Gubina, Marina; Khidiyatova, Irina; Khitrinskaya, Irina; Khrameeva, Ekaterina E.; Khusainova, Rita; Konovalova, Natalia
7138:
East
Eurasian R1a subclades R1a1a1b2a-Z94 and R1a1a1b2a2-Z2124 were a common element of the Hun, Avar and Hungarian Conqueror elite and very likely belonged to the branch that was observed in our Xiongnu samples. Moreover, haplogroups Q1a and N1a were also major components of these nomadic groups,
6041:
Triska, Petr; Chekanov, Nikolay; Stepanov, Vadim; Khusnutdinova, Elza K.; Kumar, Ganesh Prasad Arun; Akhmetova, Vita; Babalyan, Konstantin; Boulygina, Eugenia; Kharkov, Vladimir; Gubina, Marina; Khidiyatova, Irina; Khitrinskaya, Irina; Khrameeva, Ekaterina E.; Khusainova, Rita; Konovalova, Natalia
2930:
In the case of the Southern Mansi males, the most frequent haplogroups were N1b-P43 (33%), N1c-L1034 (28%) and R1a-Z280 (19%).The Konda Mansi population shared common haplotypes within haplogroups R1a-Z280 or N-M46 with Hungarian speakers, which may suggest that the Hungarians were in contact with
2292:
was nearly uninhabited but now has 1.3 million inhabitants, nearly all of them Hungarians. As a consequence, having also the Habsburg colonization policies, the country underwent a great change in ethnic composition as its population more than tripled to 8 million between 1720 and 1787, while only
2279:
The decline of the Hungarians was due to the constant wars, Ottoman raids, famines, and plagues during the 150 years of Ottoman rule. The main zones of war were the territories inhabited by the Hungarians, so the death toll depleted them at a much higher rate than among other nationalities. In the
8249:
Csányi, B.; Bogácsi-Szabó, E.; Tömöry, Gy.; Czibula, Á.; Priskin, K.; Csõsz, A.; Mende, B.; Langó, P.; Csete, K.; Zsolnai, A.; Conant, E. K.; Downes, C. S.; Raskó, I. (July 2008). "Y-Chromosome Analysis of Ancient Hungarian and Two Modern Hungarian-Speaking Populations from the Carpathian Basin".
5927:
Maróti, Zoltán; Neparáczki, Endre; Schütz, Oszkár; Maár, Kitti; Varga, Gergely I.B.; Kovács, Bence; Kalmár, Tibor; Nyerki, Emil; Nagy, István; Latinovics, Dóra; Tihanyi, Balázs; Marcsik, Antónia; Pálfi, György; Bernert, Zsolt; Gallina, Zsolt; Horváth, Ciprián; Varga, Sándor; Költő, László; Raskó,
8417:
Maróti, Zoltán; Neparáczki, Endre; Schütz, Oszkár; Maár, Kitti; Varga, Gergely I. B.; Kovács, Bence; Kalmár, Tibor; Nyerki, Emil; Nagy, István; Latinovics, Dóra; Tihanyi, Balázs (20 January 2022). "Whole genome analysis sheds light on the genetic origin of Huns, Avars and conquering Hungarians".
5983:
Neparáczki, Endre; Maróti, Zoltán; Kalmár, Tibor; Maár, Kitti; Nagy, István; Latinovics, Dóra; Kustár, Ágnes; Pálfi, György; Molnár, Erika; Marcsik, Antónia; Balogh, Csilla; Lőrinczy, Gábor; Gál, Szilárd Sándor; Tomka, Péter; Kovacsóczy, Bernadett; Kovács, László; Raskó, István; Török, Tibor (12
1910:
folks from east to the Carpathian Basin. Other studies point out that the Hungarian conqueror group and the local population started admixing only on the second half of the 10th century, and that research done of the first and second generation cemeteries in the Carpathian basin show uniparental
7327:
Wang, Ke; Yu, He; Radzevičiūtė, Rita; Kiryushin, Yuriy F.; Tishkin, Alexey A.; Frolov, Yaroslav V.; Stepanova, Nadezhda F.; Kiryushin, Kirill Yu.; Kungurov, Artur L.; Shnaider, Svetlana V.; Tur, Svetlana S.; Tiunov, Mikhail P.; Zubova, Alisa V.; Pevzner, Maria; Karimov, Timur (6 February 2023).
2854:
Neparáczki et al. argues, based on archeogenetic results, that the historical Hungarian Conquerors were mostly a mixture of Central Asian Steppe groups, Slavic, and Germanic tribes, and this composite people evolved between 400 and 1000 AD. According to Neparáczki: "From all recent and archaic
3038:
Modern Hungarians show relative close affinity to surrounding populations, but harbour a small "Siberian" component associated with Khanty/Mansi, as well as the Nganasan people, and argued to have arrived with the historical Magyars. Modern Hungarians formed from several historical population
1582:
at the end of the 9th century, is thus a "tenuous construct", based on linguistics, analogies in folklore, archaeology and subsequent written evidence. In the 21st century, historians have argued that "Hungarians" did not exist as a discrete ethnic group or people for centuries before their
7484:
Jeong, Choongwon; Wang, Ke; Wilkin, Shevan; Taylor, William Timothy Treal; Miller, Bryan K.; Bemmann, Jan H.; Stahl, Raphaela; Chiovelli, Chelsea; Knolle, Florian; Ulziibayar, Sodnom; Khatanbaatar, Dorjpurev; Erdenebaatar, Diimaajav; Erdenebat, Ulambayar; Ochir, Ayudai; Ankhsanaa, Ganbold;
2781:), and more similar to the neighbouring non-Uralic neighbors. Modern Hungarians share a small but significant "Inner Asian/Siberian" component with other Uralic-speaking populations. The historical Hungarian conqueror YDNA variation had a higher affinity with modern day Bashkirs and
2556:
folks from east to the Carpathian Basin. The foundational population of the Carpathian Basin carrying the common European gene pool remained in a significant majority throughout the migratory periods in the Carpathian Basin. During the 9th century BC, smaller groups of pre-Scythians
1493:, south of the forest zone and not far from the steppe. The relatedness of Hungarians with other Ugric peoples is confirmed by linguistic and genetic data, but modern Hungarians have also substantial admixture from local European populations. The Ugric languages are a member of the
7544:
Tambets, Kristiina; Yunusbayev, Bayazit; Hudjashov, Georgi; Ilumäe, Anne-Mai; Rootsi, Siiri; Honkola, Terhi; Vesakoski, Outi; Atkinson, Quentin; Skoglund, Pontus; Kushniarevich, Alena; Litvinov, Sergey; Reidla, Maere; Metspalu, Ene; Saag, Lehti; Rantanen, Timo (21 September 2018).
2573:
arrived in multiple waves from 50 BC, leaving a significant archaeological heritage behind, the examined Sarmatian individuals genetically also belong to the genetic legacy of the local European population. Various groups of Asian origin settled in the Carpathian Basin, such as
5928:
István; Nagy, Péter L.; Balogh, Csilla; Zink, Albert; Maixner, Frank; Götherström, Anders; George, Robert; Szalontai, Csaba; Szenthe, Gergely; Gáll, Erwin; Kiss, Attila P.; Gulyás, Bence; Kovacsóczy, Bernadett Ny.; Gál, Sándor Szilárd; Tomka, Péter; Török, Tibor (25 May 2022).
6209:
Neparáczki, Endre; Maróti, Zoltán; Kalmár, Tibor; Maár, Kitti; Nagy, István; Latinovics, Dóra; Kustár, Ágnes; Pálfi, György; Molnár, Erika; Marcsik, Antónia; Balogh, Csilla; Lőrinczy, Gábor; Tomka, Péter; Kovacsóczy, Bernadett; Kovács, László; Török, Tibor (12 November 2019).
4475:"Ethnic Origin (279), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age (12) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census – 25% Sample Data"
2030:
of the following years prove that the Hungarian population that settled in the Carpathian Basin was not a weakened population without a significant military power. Other theories assert that the move of the Hungarians was forced or at least hastened by the joint attacks of
1583:
settlement in the Carpathian basin. Instead, the formation of the people with its distinct identity was a process. According to this view, Hungarians as a people emerged by the 9th century, subsequently incorporating other, ethnically and linguistically divergent, peoples.
7903:
Neparáczki, Endre; Maróti, Zoltán; Kalmár, Tibor; Kocsy, Klaudia; Maár, Kitti; Bihari, Péter; Nagy, István; Fóthi, Erzsébet; Pap, Ildikó; Kustár, Ágnes; Pálfi, György; Raskó, István; Zink, Albert; Török, Tibor (18 October 2018). Caramelli, David (ed.).
3525:. Kniezsa's view has been criticized by many scholars, because of its non-compliance with later archaeological and onomastics research, but his map is still regularly cited in modern reliable sources. One of the most prominent critics of this map was
2602:), while the majority of them consisted of subjugated Germanic and Sarmatian populations. The most significant influx of genes from Asia occurred during the Avar period, arriving in multiple waves. The ruling elite of the Avars originated from the
1625:-speakers became distinguished from the rest of the Uralic community, of which the ancestors of the Magyars, being located farther south, were the most numerous. Judging by evidence from burial mounds and settlement sites, they interacted with the
1839:. In this power vacuum, the Hungarian conqueror elite took the system of the former Avar Kaganate, there is no trace of massacres and mass graves, it is believed to have been a peaceful transition for local residents in the Carpathian Basin. The
7170:
Varga, Gergely I B; Kristóf, Lilla Alida; Maár, Kitti; Kis, Luca; Schütz, Oszkár; Váradi, Orsolya; Kovács, Bence; Gînguță, Alexandra; Tihanyi, Balázs; Nagy, Péter L; Maróti, Zoltán; Nyerki, Emil; Török, Tibor; Neparáczki, Endre (January 2023).
2963:
from Budapest and northern Hungary, found 60% R1a, 13% R1b, 11% I, 9% E, 2% G, 2% J2. A study estimating possible Inner Asian admixture among nearly 500 Hungarians based on paternal lineages only, estimated it at 5.1% in Hungary, at 7.4 in
5746:
History of Transylvania Volume I. From the Beginnings to 1606 - II. From Dacia to Erdőelve: Transylvania in the Period of the Great Migrations (271-896) - 7. Transylvania in the Period of the Hungarian Conquest and Foundation of a
2690:, the guiding principle was the Hun-Hungarian continuity. The 20th century mainstream scholarship dismisses a close connection between the Hungarians and Huns. However, the archaeogenetics studies revealed the Hun heritage of the
6272:
Neparáczki, Endre; Maróti, Zoltán; Kalmár, Tibor; Kocsy, Klaudia; Maár, Kitti; Bihari, Péter; Nagy, István; Fóthi, Erzsébet; Pap, Ildikó; Kustár, Ágnes; Pálfi, György; Raskó, István; Zink, Albert; Török, Tibor (18 October 2018).
2474:. On 26 May 2010, Hungary's Parliament passed a bill granting dual citizenship to ethnic Hungarians living outside of Hungary. Some neighboring countries with sizable Hungarian minorities expressed concerns over the legislation.
1190:
There are an estimated 14.5 million ethnic Hungarians and their descendants worldwide, of whom 9.6 million live in today's Hungary. About 2 million Hungarians live in areas that were part of the Kingdom of Hungary before the
8439:
Zhang, Fan; Ning, Chao; Scott, Ashley; Fu, Qiaomei; Bjørn, Rasmus; Li, Wenying; Wei, Dong; Wang, Wenjun; Fan, Linyuan; Abuduresule, Idilisi; Hu, Xingjun; Ruan, Qiurong; Niyazi, Alipujiang; Dong, Guanghui; Cao, Peng (2021).
3564:
3279:(Gypsy) ethnic minorities have been living in Hungary since the Middle Ages. Jews have been living in Hungary since the Roman era, as the archeological evidence of Jewish gravestones dating from this period demonstrates.
8896:
2958:
belong to the following haplogroups: 20% R1b, 19% R1a, 17% I1, 11% J2, 10% J1, 8% E1b1b1a, 5% I2a1, 5% G2, 3% P*, 1% E*, 1% N. It can be inferred that Szekelys have more significant German admixture. A study sampling 45
2698:Árpád family members are in line with the reported conquering Hungarian-Hun origin of the dynasty in harmony with their Y-chromosomal phylogenetic connections. According to the growing archaeological evidence that the
4097:
1428:. This was a misnomer, as while the Magyars do have some Turkic genetic and cultural influence, including their historical social structure being of Turkic origin, they still are not widely considered as part of the
3535:
1870:. According to historian György Szabados and archeologist Miklós Béla Szőke, a group of Hungarians were already living in the Carpathian Basin at that time, so they could quickly intervene in the events of the
8792:
1563:. The historical Magyars created an alliance of steppe tribes, consisting of an Ugric/Magyar ruling class, and formerly Iranian but also Turkic (Oghuric) and Slavic speaking tribes, which conquered the
7272:"Relationship of the gene pool of the Khants with the peoples of Western Siberia, Cis-Urals and the Altai-Sayan Region according to the data on the polymorphism of autosomic locus and the Y-chromosome"
2260:
The first accurate measurements of the population of the Kingdom of Hungary including ethnic composition were carried out in 1850–51. There is a debate among Hungarian and non-Hungarian (especially
7100:
Keyser, Christine; Zvénigorosky, Vincent; Gonzalez, Angéla; Fausser, Jean-Luc; Jagorel, Florence; Gérard, Patrice; Tsagaan, Turbat; Duchesne, Sylvie; Crubézy, Eric; Ludes, Bertrand (30 July 2020).
4898:
A MAGYAROK TÜRK MEGNEVEZÉSE BÍBORBANSZÜLETETT KONSTANTINOS DE ADMINISTRANDOIMPERIO CÍMÛ MUNKÁJÁBAN – Takács Zoltán Bálint, SAVARIAA VAS MEGYEI MÚZEUMOK ÉRTESÍTÕJE28 SZOMBATHELY, 2004, pp. 317–333
2105:
collapsed. At the time of the Hungarian migration, the land was inhabited only by a sparse population of Slavs, numbering about 200,000, who were either assimilated or enslaved by the Hungarians.
7604:
Post, Helen; Németh, Endre; Klima, László; Flores, Rodrigo; Fehér, Tibor; Türk, Attila; Székely, Gábor; Sahakyan, Hovhannes; Mondal, Mayukh; Montinaro, Francesco; Karmin, Monika (24 May 2019).
4149:
2268:) historians about the possible changes in the ethnic structure of the region throughout history. The proportion of Hungarians in the Carpathian Basin was at an almost constant 80% during the
3406:
3346:
4130:
3436:
1640:
In the 4th and 5th centuries AD, the Hungarians were an "thnically mixed people" who moved to the west of the Ural Mountains, to the area between the southern Ural Mountains and the
7415:
Other types of sources on the history of the Proto-Mongolian tribes are archaeological findings, which associate Mongolian ethnogenesis with slab grave cultures and the Lower Xiàjiādiàn.
2839:
The homeland of the proto-Uralic peoples may have been close to Southern Siberia, among forest cultures in the Altai-Sayan region and may be linked to an ancestry maximized in the early
2241:). After the acceptance of the nation into Christian Europe under Stephen I, Hungary served as a bulwark against further invasions from the east and south, especially by the Turks.
8206:
Pamjav, Horolma; Fóthi, Á.; Fehér, T.; Fóthi, Erzsébet (1 August 2017). "A study of the Bodrogköz population in north-eastern Hungary by Y chromosomal haplotypes and haplogroups".
4878:(Volume 1 of History of Transylvania ed.). New York: Social Science Monographs, University of Michigan, Columbia University Press, East European Monographs. pp. 415–416.
2889:
ethnic group in particular, are descended from the Huns. However, mainstream scholarship dismisses a close connection between the Hungarians and Huns. A genetic study published in
6768:
8337:
Nagy, P.L.; Olasz, J.; Neparáczki, E.; et al. (2020). "Determination of the phylogenetic origins of the Árpád Dynasty based on Y chromosome sequencing of Béla the Third".
4534:
4207:
7139:
reinforcing the view that Huns (and thus Avars and Hungarian invaders) might derive from the Xiongnu as was proposed until the eighteenth century but strongly disputed since.
3752:
3839:
4561:
2154:
and laid the territories of present-day Germany, France, and Italy open to Hungarian raids, which were fast and devastating. The Hungarians defeated the Imperial Army of
3859:
2221:, or Saint Stephen) was crowned King of Hungary in 1001. The century between the arrival of the Hungarians from the eastern European plains and the consolidation of the
1858:, and after hiring Hungarian troops, won his independence; this was the first time that Hungarians expeditionary troops entered the Carpathian Basin. In 862, Archbishop
1274:
Furthermore, Hungarians can be divided into several subgroups according to local linguistic and cultural characteristics; subgroups with distinct identities include the
5660:
2954:
region) the following haplogroups and frequencies are obtained: 30% R1a, 15% R1b, 13% I2a1, 13% J2, 9% E1b1b1a, 8% I1, 3% G2, 3% J1, 3% I*, 1% E*, 1% F*, 1% K*. The 97
3230:
1875:
3361:
3039:
groupings, including the historical Magyars, assimilated Slavic and Germanic groups, as well as Central Asian Steppe tribes (presumably Turkic and Iranian tribes).
2927:
Hungarian males possess a high frequency of haplogroup R1a-Z280 and a low frequency of haplogroup N-Tat, which is uncommon among most Uralic-speaking populations.
1497:, which originated either in the Oka-Volga region, the Southern Uralic, or Western Siberia. Recent linguistic data support an origin somewhere in Western Siberia.
10283:
6492:
2500:
Population structure of Uralic-speaking populations inferred from ADMIXTURE analysis on autosomal SNPs in Eurasian context. Ugric-ancestry is represented by the
2043:
took them first to Transylvania in 895. This is supported by an eleventh-century Russian tradition that the Hungarians moved to the Carpathian Basin by way of
6668:(in Hungarian and English) (3rd ed.). Budapest: Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Geographical Institute.
2694:, it was a significant Hun-Hungarian mixing around 300 AD, and the remaining Huns were integrated into the conquering Hungarians. The genomic analyses of the
4278:
2404:), a serious demographic crisis began to develop in Hungary and its neighbours. The Hungarian population reached its maximum in 1980, then began to decline.
6122:
Szeifert, Bea; Gerber, Daniel; Csáky, Veronika; Langó, Péter; Stashenkov, Dmitrii; Khokhlov, Aleksandr; Sitdikov, Ayrat; Gazimzyanov, Ilgizar (9 May 2022).
5275:
3786:
3771:
2824:
and Bashkirs, suggesting that the Bashkirs are a mixture of Turkic, Ugric and Indo-European contributions. The homeland of ancient Hungarians is around the
2116:) suggest that many Hungarians remained to the north of the Carpathians after 895/896. There is also a consistent Hungarian population in Transylvania, the
8796:
2074:
was the leading tribe of the Hungarian alliance that conquered the centre of the basin. At the same time (c. 895), due to their involvement in the 894–896
1686:, from whom they learned gardening, elements of cattle breeding and of agriculture. Tradition holds that the Hungarians were organized in a confederacy of
2380:
The number of Hungarians in the neighbouring countries tended to remain the same or slightly decreased, mostly due to assimilation (sometimes forced; see
9311:
3263:, Slovaks, Serbs, Croats, and others) that resettled the depopulated central and southern territories of the kingdom (roughly present-day South Hungary,
2512:
Modern Hungarians stand out as linguistically isolated in Europe, despite their genetic similarity to the surrounding populations. The population of the
5678:
Wang, Chuan-Chao; Posth, Cosimo; Furtwängler, Anja; Sümegi, Katalin; Bánfai, Zsolt; Kásler, Miklós; Krause, Johannes; Melegh, Béla (28 September 2021).
5457:
Wang, Chuan-Chao; Posth, Cosimo; Furtwängler, Anja; Sümegi, Katalin; Bánfai, Zsolt; Kásler, Miklós; Krause, Johannes; Melegh, Béla (28 September 2021).
4098:"Data from census have confirmed that an exclusive national identity is a myth. This should also translate into the laws concerning national minorities"
2995:, which is shared in significant amounts with the historical Magyars and the royal Hungarian lineage, and representing the closest kin to the Hungarian
8889:
8098:
6749:
5056:"On The Genetic Continuity of the Iron Age Pazyryk Culture: Geographic Distributions of the Paternal and Maternal Lineages from the Ak-Alakha-1 Burial"
2317:
In the 19th century, the proportion of Hungarians in the Kingdom of Hungary rose gradually, reaching over 50% by 1900 due to higher natural growth and
2093:
region of the Carpathian Basin, the Hungarians intensified their campaigns across continental Europe. In 900, they moved from the upper Tisza river to
8302:
Bíró, András; Fehér, Tibor; Bárány, Gusztáv; Pamjav, Horolma (March 2015). "Testing Central and Inner Asian admixture among contemporary Hungarians".
4400:
2544:
to early Bronze Age. This common European gene pool in the Carpathian Basin, has been overlaid by migration waves originating from the east since the
7270:
Kharkov, V.N.; Kolesnikov, N.A.; Valikhova, L.V.; Zarubin, A.A.; Svarovskaya, M.G.; Marusin, A.V.; Khitrinskaya, I.Yu.; Stepanov, V.A. (March 2023).
2548:. According to genetic studies, the Carpathian Basin was continuously inhabited from at least the Bronze Age. There is a genetic continuity from the
8849:
MtDNA and Y chromosome polymorphisms in Hungary: inferences from the Palaeolithic, Neolithic and Uralic influences on the modern Hungarian gene pool
5201:
3618:
The culture of Hungary shows distinctive elements, incorporating local European elements and minor Central Asian/Steppe derived traditions, such as
2470:
to Hungarians living outside Hungary's borders (i.e. without requiring a permanent residence in Hungary). The referendum failed due to insufficient
8819:
7783:"Indo-European loanwords and exchange in Bronze Age Central and East Asia: Six new perspectives on prehistoric exchange in the Eastern Steppe Zone"
1930:
as a confederation of seven tribes. The Hungarians arrived in the frame of a strong centralized steppe-empire under the leadership of Grand Prince
1783:
5237:; Brewer, Paul; Shaw, Anthony; Chandler, Malcolm; Cheshire, Gerard; Cranfield, Ingrid; Ralph Lewis, Brenda; Sutherland, Joe; Vint, Robert (2003).
8645:
Korai Magyar Történeti Lexicon (9–14. század) (Encyclopedia of the Early Hungarian History (9th–14th Centuries)) Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadó; 753.
3201:
Besides the various peoples mentioned above, the Magyars were later influenced by other populations in the Carpathian Basin. Among these are the
2871:, and modern day Turkic-speaking peoples in the Volga region, suggesting a possible language shifted from an Uralic (Ugric) to Turkic languages.
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1377:
in 881. The Magyars/Hungarians probably belonged to the Onogur tribal alliance, and it is possible that they became its ethnic majority. In the
5843:
3332:
Hungarian diaspora (Magyar diaspora) is a term that encompasses the total ethnic Hungarian population located outside of current-day Hungary.
9801:
7210:
Peltola, Sanni; Majander, Kerttu; Makarov, Nikolaj; Dobrovolskaya, Maria; Nordqvist, Kerkko; Salmela, Elina; Onkamo, Päivi (9 January 2023).
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invasions, settlers from other parts of Europe played a significant role in establishing the modern genetic makeup of the Carpathian Basin.
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In the Hungarian language, the Hungarian people name themselves as "Magyar". "Magyar" possibly derived from the name of the most prominent
6659:
Kocsis, Károly; Tátrai, Patrik; Agárdi, Norbert; Balizs, Dániel; Kovács, Anikó; Gercsák, Tibor; Klinghammer, István; Tiner, Tibor (2015).
4759:. Corpus fontium historiae Byzantinae (New, revised ed.). Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies. p. 65.
2895:
in November 2019 led by Neparáczki Endre had examined the remains of three males from three separate 5th century Hunnic cemeteries in the
7057:] (in Hungarian). MTA Irodalomtudományi Intézet (Institute for Literary Studies of Hungarian Academy of Sciences). pp. 615–641.
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4229:
4809:
Byzanz und Ostmitteleuropa 950–1453: Beiträge zu einer table-ronde des XIX. International Congress of Byzantine Studies, Copenhagen 1996
1758:) along with their allies, the Kabars, started a series of looting raids from the Etelköz into the Carpathian Basin, mostly against the
8671:) – Patrik Tátrai: Etnikai térfolyamatok a Kárpát-medence határon túli régióiban + CD (for detailed data), Magyar Tudományos Akadémia (
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2321:. Between 1787 and 1910 the number of ethnic Hungarians rose from 2.3 million to 10.2 million, accompanied by the resettlement of the
2124:. The Székely people's origin, and in particular the time of their settlement in Transylvania, is a matter of historical controversy.
6539:
4538:
3983:
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1811:, a geographically unified but politically divided land, after acquiring thorough local knowledge of the area from the 860s onwards.
6635:. Budapest: Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences (CSFK), Geographical Institute.
2646:, the Mansis migrated northward, while the ancestor of Hungarian conquerors remained at the steppe-forest zone and admixed with the
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in Mongolia, but a significant portion of the masses they brought in consisted of mixed-origin populations that had emerged in the
5106:
Fóthi, Erzsébet; Gonzalez, Angéla; Fehér, Tibor; Gugora, Ariana; Fóthi, Ábel; Biró, Orsolya; Keyser, Christine (14 January 2020).
1882:
may be largely based on the power centers formed during the Avar period. Based on DNA evidence, the Proto-Hungarians admixed with
1223:. In addition, significant groups of people with Hungarian ancestry live in various other parts of the world, most of them in the
9728:
8854:
Guglielmino, CR; De Silvestri, A; Beres, J (March 2000). "Probable ancestors of Hungarian ethnic groups: an admixture analysis".
7606:"Y-chromosomal connection between Hungarians and geographically distant populations of the Ural Mountain region and West Siberia"
6104:
6912:
4727:
2304:
5749:. New York: Columbia University Press, (The Hungarian original by Institute of History Of The Hungarian Academy of Sciences).
5531:. Helikon Kiadó, MTA BTK Magyar Őstörténeti Témacsoport (Hungarian Academy of Sciences – Hungarian Prehistory Research Team).
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Changing Ethnic Patterns of the Carpatho–Pannonian Area from the Late 15th until the Early 21st Century – Accompanying Text
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Map of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1910, based on the Hungarian census of the same year. Hungarians are marked in dark green.
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show the smallest genetic distance to the entire Conqueror population" and "a direct genetic relation of the Conquerors to
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2455:). Slovenia is also host to a number of ethnic Hungarians, and Hungarian language has an official status in parts of the
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7906:"Mitogenomic data indicate admixture components of Central-Inner Asian and Srubnaya origin in the conquering Hungarians"
7047:[From the chronicles to the Gesta - Shifts in emphasis of the pre-time perspective in the 15th–18th centuries].
6898:
6275:"Mitogenomic data indicate admixture components of Central-Inner Asian and Srubnaya origin in the conquering Hungarians"
5562:
5108:"Genetic analysis of male Hungarian Conquerors: European and Asian paternal lineages of the conquering Hungarian tribes"
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ancestors of these groups is very feasible." Genetic data found high affinity between Magyar conquerors, the historical
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between the 7th–6th century BC, their genetic data represent the genetic profile of the local European population. The
2280:
18th century, their proportion declined further because of the influx of new settlers from Europe, especially Slovaks,
1381:, the Hungarians had many names, including "Węgrzy" (Polish), "Ungherese" (Italian), "Ungar" (German), and "Hungarus".
8827:
1902:
formerly Uralic/Ugric-speaking ethnicities. According to some genetic studies, there is a genetic continuity from the
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societies in the late Bronze Age to early Iron Age steppe-forest zone in the northern Kazakhstan region, near of the
1445:
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1115:
4874:
Köpeczi, Béla; Makkai, László; Mócsy, András; Kiralý, Béla K.; Kovrig, Bennett; Szász, Zoltán; Barta, Gábor (2001).
10258:
9439:
9294:
9059:
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2773:(Indo-European). Modern Hungarians are however genetically rather distant from their closest linguistic relatives (
2707:
1240:
1000:
2008:
4305:
2619:
1840:
1687:
1411:
1012:
8709:"Y-chromosome haplogroups from Hun, Avar and conquering Hungarian period nomadic people of the Carpathian Basin"
6481:
Koperski, A.: Przemyśl (Lengyelország). In: A honfoglaló magyarság. Kiállítási katalógus. Bp. 1996. pp. 439–448.
6212:"Y-chromosome haplogroups from Hun, Avar and conquering Hungarian period nomadic people of the Carpathian Basin"
6124:"Tracing genetic connections of ancient Hungarians to the 6th-14th century populations of the Volga-Ural region"
5986:"Y-chromosome haplogroups from Hun, Avar and conquering Hungarian period nomadic people of the Carpathian Basin"
5803:(in Hungarian). Oktatási Hivatal (Hungarian Educational Authority). 2020. pp. 15, 112, 116, 137, 138, 141.
4150:"Konačni rezultati popisa prema nacionalnoj pripadnosti: Mađari najbrojnija manjina, Jugoslovena više od 27.000"
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rivers. Meanwhile, the descendants of those Hungarians who stayed in Bashkiria remained there as late as 1241.
1016:
7173:"The archaeogenomic validation of Saint Ladislaus' relic provides insights into the Árpád dynasty's genealogy"
5313:
4189:
4131:"Bevölkerung in Privathaushalten nach Migrationshintergrund im weiteren Sinn nach ausgewählten Geburtsstaaten"
9673:
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8567:"Genetic evidence suggests a sense of family, parity and conquest in the Xiongnu Iron Age nomads of Mongolia"
7102:"Genetic evidence suggests a sense of family, parity and conquest in the Xiongnu Iron Age nomads of Mongolia"
4171:
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covered 6.2% of the lineages, but most of it belonged to the N1c-VL29 subgroup, which is more frequent among
2412:
2133:
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17:
6753:
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4382:
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4208:"It has been officially recognized: far more Hungarians live in the United Kingdom than previously thought"
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and Northeast Asian tribes may have caused the dispersal and expansion of proto-Uralic languages along the
2683:
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2075:
1962:
1008:
10209:
9175:
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1388:, the "Megyer". The tribal name "Megyer" became "Magyar" in reference to the Hungarian people as a whole.
9723:
9713:
9668:
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9180:
9082:
5680:"Genome-wide autosomal, mtDNA, and Y chromosome analysis of King Bela III of the Hungarian Arpad dynasty"
5459:"Genome-wide autosomal, mtDNA, and Y chromosome analysis of King Bela III of the Hungarian Arpad dynasty"
4843:
History of the Mongols from the 9th to the 19th Century: The So-called Tartars of Russia and Central Asia
2738:
2492:
The place of origin for the regional groups of Hungarians in the conquest period, according to Kinga Éry.
2411:), significant Hungarian minority populations can be found in the surrounding countries, most of them in
2397:
4230:"About number and composition population of UKRAINE by data All-Ukrainian census of the population 2001"
2002:
The land stretching between the Danube and the Tisza used to belong to my forefather, the mighty Attila.
1971:
1915:'s population, suggesting "only limited interaction with the local population of the Carpathian Basin".
9600:
9593:
9559:
9284:
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9191:
9102:
8989:
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7847:
A honfoglalók genetikai származásának és rokonsági viszonyainak vizsgálata archeogenetikai módszerekkel
7014:
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4654:, the name given by early Russian writers to a Finno-Ugric people dwelling east of the Ural Mountains".
3474:
2908:
2711:
2695:
2098:
1460:" ("Hungarian nation") had a wider and political meaning because it once referred to all nobles of the
1396:
7547:"Genes reveal traces of common recent demographic history for most of the Uralic-speaking populations"
6523:
5929:
5392:
2496:
2086:. It is uncertain whether or not those conflicts contributed to the Hungarian departure from Etelköz.
1862:
records the campaign of unknown enemies called "Ungri", giving the first mention of the Hungarians in
10233:
9337:
9301:
9205:
9044:
5167:
3808:
2678:, a legend developed based on foreign and Hungarian medieval chronicles that the Hungarians, and the
2607:
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2097:, which later became the core of the arising Hungarian state. By 902, the borders were pushed to the
1927:
4356:
2816:
Archeological mtDNA haplogroups show a similarity between Hungarians and Turkic-speaking Tatars and
1334:(literally "Ten Arrows" or "Ten Tribes"). Another possible explanation comes from the Russian word "
10023:
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9504:
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9377:
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4357:"World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples – Croatia : Overview (2001 census data)"
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2754:
2753:
in southern Siberia (Krasnoyarsk_Krai_BA; kra001). This type of ancestry later dispersed along the
2078:, Hungarians in Etelköz were attacked by Bulgaria and then by their old enemies the Pechenegs. The
1418:
7069:
2725:. While early Ugric-speakers can be associated with an ancestry component maximized in modern-day
9708:
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9554:
9485:
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9419:
9383:
9279:
9269:
9254:
9129:
9039:
8974:
8917:
4596:
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2919:. It is believed that conquering Magyars may have absorbed Avar, Hunnish and Xiongnu influences.
2833:
genetic ancestry and an intricacy of the historic interface between Turkic and Uralic populations
2758:
2611:
2521:
2424:
1919:
1055:
9409:
6105:"Evidence of the Hun-Avar-Hungarian kinship rewrites our knowledge about the Hungarian conquest"
3953:
3521:
Kniezsa's (1938) view on the ethnic map of the Kingdom of Hungary in the 11th century, based on
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9549:
9019:
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4507:"Los obreros húngaros emigrados en América Latina entre las dos guerras mundiales. Ilona Varga"
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speaking than Finno-Ugric speaking peoples. Other haplogroups had frequencies of less than 5%.
2936:
2770:
2420:
2083:
1827:
1196:
508:
6807:
Ethnic Politics in Eastern Europe: A Guide to Nationality Policies, Organizations, and Parties
5814:
4968:"Integrating Linguistic, Archaeological and Genetic Perspectives Unfold the Origin of Ugrians"
2488:
1532:. They arrived into Central Europe by the historical Magyar or Hungarian "conquerors", in the
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The Hungarians' own ethnonym to denote themselves in the Early Middle Ages is uncertain. The
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1204:
1200:
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4562:"Prime Minister Viktor Orbán's address at the 9th meeting of the Hungarian Diaspora Council"
1338:" (Югра). It may refer to the Hungarians during a time when they dwelt east of the southern
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9259:
9185:
9143:
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7330:"Middle Holocene Siberian genomes reveal highly connected gene pools throughout North Asia"
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6286:
6223:
5997:
5941:
5691:
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4442:. Narodowy Spis Ludności i Mieszkań 2011 (National Census of Population and Housing 2011).
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3637:
3484:. Please help replace the disputed map with another suitable one or improve it if possible.
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8063:"J . SZŰCS: THEORETICAL ELEMENTS IN MASTER SIMON OF KÉZA'S GESTA HUNGARORUM (1282-1285)".
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Prime Minister Viktor Orbán's address at the 9th meeting of the Hungarian Diaspora Council
8:
9564:
9424:
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8668:
8627:. Cambridge Concise Histories (Fifth printing 2008 ed.). Cambridge, United Kingdom:
8112:
Maenchen-Helfen, Otto J. (31 December 1973). Knight, Max (ed.). "The World of the Huns".
7395:"From the Ethnic History of Asia – the Dōnghú, Wūhuán and Xiānbēi Proto-Mongolian Tribes"
6726:
5283:
4728:
Toward an Understanding of Europe: A Political Economic Précis of Continental Integration
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Hungarian diaspora in the world (includes people with Hungarian ancestry or citizenship).
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2039:. According to eleventh-century tradition, the road taken by the Hungarians under Prince
1976:
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5014: This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the
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2361:: Kingdom of Hungary lost 72% of its land and 3.3 million people of Hungarian ethnicity.
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8675:) – Földrajtudományi Kutatóintézet (Academy of Geographical Studies); Budapest; 2006.;
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8507:("Language and languages"), edited by István Kenesei. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 2004,
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Continuity and/or encounter? "Avar" and "Hungarian" in the 9th century Carpathian Basin
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Obrusánszky, Borbála (2018). "Are the Hungarians Ugric?". In Angela Marcantonio (ed.).
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5395:[Outline of the background of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin]
4535:"Thursday Top Ten: Top Ten Countries With The Largest Hungarian Diaspora In The World"
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tribes of the Khazars joined the Hungarians and moved to what the Hungarians call the
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39% of its people were Hungarians, who lived primarily in the centre of the country.
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Origins of the Hungarians from the Enciklopédia Humana (with many maps and pictures)
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5871:"Maternal Lineages from 10–11th Century Commoner Cemeteries of the Carpathian Basin"
5661:"A Magyarságkutató Intézet azon dolgozik, hogy fényt derítsen valódi származásunkra"
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7753:
7735:
7690:
7682:
7641:
7625:
7576:
7558:
7516:
7498:
7456:
7440:
7349:
7299:
7283:
7231:
7184:
7113:
7045:"A krónikáktól a Gestáig – Az előidő-szemlélet hangsúlyváltásai a 15–18. században"
6977:
6860:(From voivodeships to the empire. The modern history of Romania). Publishing house
6304:
6294:
6239:
6231:
6143:
6135:
6073:
6055:
6013:
6005:
5949:
5892:
5882:
5707:
5699:
5486:
5478:
5162:
5127:
5067:
4989:
4979:
4422:
3582:
Ethnic map depicting the contemporary ethnic distribution of Hungarians across the
3136:
3106:
2766:
2722:
2603:
2199:
2067:
2051:, the sacred leader of the Hungarian Great Principality died before he could reach
2013:
1993:
1966:
1956:
1800:
1614:
1613:
split up. Some dispersed towards the west and northwest and came into contact with
1606:
1579:
1564:
1539:
The historical Magyar conquerors were found to show significant affinity to modern
1501:
diverged from its relatives in the first half of the 1st millennium BC, in western
1494:
1408:
1299:
1180:
1176:
1083:
87:
9984:
9969:
8809:
8656:
8535:"Browse Hungary's detailed ethnographic map made for the Treaty of Trianon online"
7991:"Reconstructing genetic history of Siberian and Northeastern European populations"
7724:"Between Lake Baikal and the Baltic Sea: genomic history of the gateway to Europe"
7671:"Reconstructing genetic history of Siberian and Northeastern European populations"
7048:
6044:"Between Lake Baikal and the Baltic Sea: genomic history of the gateway to Europe"
5436:
Folytonosság és/vagy találkozás? "Avar" és "magyar" a 9. századi Kárpát-medencében
2682:
ethnic group in particular, are descended from the Huns. The basic premise of the
10183:
9698:
9653:
9631:
9124:
9097:
9014:
8831:
8764:
8722:
8315:
8175:
8158:
7940:
6960:
6612:
6299:
5172:
Central Europe in the High Middle Ages: Bohemia, Hungary and Poland, c.900–c.1300
4754:
3973:
3943:
3938:
3923:
3727:
3601: Regions outside Hungary where there are notable ethnic Hungarian minorities
3583:
2896:
2802:
2786:
2742:
2734:
2699:
2631:
2579:
2537:
2513:
2385:
2155:
2022:
1815:
1808:
1657:
1622:
1552:
1529:
1514:
1498:
1482:
1457:
1343:
1319:
982:
9946:
7429:"Early nomads of the Eastern Steppe and their tentative connections in the West"
6494:
Ethnic Groups and Population Changes in Twentieth-century Central-Eastern Europe
4623:
3709:
2459:
region. Today more than two million ethnic Hungarians live in nearby countries.
2308:
Traditional clothing in Hungary, around late 18th century and early 19th century
9932:
9889:
9768:
9624:
8787:
8738:
8687:
8588:
8465:
7629:
7503:
7117:
6235:
6009:
5741:
5703:
5482:
5242:
5132:
5107:
4517:
3903:
3894:
3850:
3526:
3260:
3248:
3234:
3155:
3023:
2904:
2885:, a legend developed based on medieval chronicles that the Hungarians, and the
2825:
2798:
2762:
2541:
2365:
The years 1918 to 1920 were a turning point in the Hungarians' history. By the
2345:
2330:
2273:
2195:
1912:
1863:
1671:
1610:
1544:
1506:
1490:
1429:
1400:
1339:
1287:
1137:
330:
216:
9959:
8867:
8424:
8351:
8219:
8073:
7873:
7740:
7563:
7354:
7329:
7236:
7211:
7188:
6982:
6955:
6837:
The new European Diasporas: National Minorities and Conflict in Eastern Europe
6060:
5953:
3948:
2598:. The military leadership of the European Huns descended from the Asian Huns (
1726:
Around 830, a rebellion broke out in the Khazar khaganate. As a result, three
10227:
10188:
10173:
9862:
9608:
8473:
8184:
7949:
7806:
7749:
7637:
7572:
7512:
7452:
7410:
7363:
7295:
7245:
7062:
6840:
6468:
6069:
5170:; Przemysław Wiszewski (2013). "Hungarian 'pre-history' or 'ethnogenesis'?".
5141:
5081:
4587:
4492:
4109:
3928:
3736:
3619:
3276:
2984:
2840:
2790:
2583:
2471:
2381:
2326:
2318:
2102:
1763:
1739:
1645:
1626:
1609:-speaking peoples who were living in the central and southern regions of the
1385:
1168:
996:
986:
647:
7172:
6425:
5595:
4306:"Bevolking; geslacht, leeftijd, generatie en migratieachtergrond, 1 januari"
1578:", i.e. the history of the "ancient Hungarians" before their arrival in the
10178:
10145:
10127:
10085:
9872:
9857:
8875:
8824:
8756:
8596:
8491:
8370:
8323:
8271:
8227:
8024:
7967:
7881:
7824:
7767:
7704:
7655:
7590:
7530:
7470:
7371:
7313:
7253:
7212:"Genetic admixture and language shift in the medieval Volga-Oka interfluve"
7196:
7125:
6991:
6693:
6518:
6318:
6253:
6157:
6087:
6027:
5961:
5906:
5721:
5500:
5003:
3933:
3865:
3796:
3259:
1699, inevitably exerted an influence, as did the various nations (Germans/
2969:
2856:
2821:
2806:
2782:
2774:
2730:
2639:
2505:
2416:
2389:
2370:
2296:
2210:
2094:
1891:
1867:
1831:
1823:
1819:
1759:
1486:
1481:, has been a matter of debate. The Hungarian language is classified in the
1478:
1295:
1279:
978:
925:
9974:
9964:
8788:"A Y-chromosomal study of mansi population from konda River Basin in Ural"
8159:"A Y-chromosomal study of mansi population from konda River Basin in Ural"
8121:
8006:
7686:
6139:
5887:
4984:
3718:
2209:
approved Hungarian settlement in the area when their leaders converted to
1591:
10012:
10004:
9867:
5309:
5163:
4789:
4338:
4279:"Immigrant and Emigrant Populations by Country of Origin and Destination"
3691:
3229:
or other ethnic German minorities in the former Kingdom of Hungary or in
3210:
3003:. In turn, R1a-SUR51's ancestral subclades R1a-Y2632 are found among the
3000:
2750:
2467:
2269:
2163:
2026:
same style of ornaments, and belonged to the same anthropological group.
1985:
1641:
1556:
1004:
885:
310:
290:
10150:
9994:
9989:
8901:
8067:. Central European University Press. pp. xxix–cii. 1 January 1999.
7798:
7444:
7287:
6630:
3271:
in Romania) after their departure. Similar to other European countries,
2965:
2955:
2916:
2886:
2878:
2679:
2276:
conquest, reaching as low as around 39% by the end of the 18th century.
2225:
in 1001 was dominated by pillaging campaigns across Europe, from Dania (
2117:
2113:
1275:
10114:
10090:
8692:. Translated by Major, Ann. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
3869:
3792:
3214:
3047:
2794:
2746:
2686:
tradition was that the Huns, i.e. the Hungarians coming out twice from
2659:
2647:
2635:
2570:
2558:
2549:
2517:
2452:
2183:
2079:
2059:
2036:
1935:
1903:
1883:
1747:
1621:
who were spreading northwards. From at least 2000 BC onwards, the
1517:
1449:, possibly referred to Hungarians and derived from the Hungarian title
568:
8384:
7394:
4899:
2622:. According to genetic study, the proto-Ugric groups were part of the
1866:. In 881, the Hungarian forces fought together with the Kabars in the
1731:
1354:
1330:
10155:
10102:
10065:
10057:
9897:
9884:
9879:
9835:
9828:
6654:
6652:
4785:
3272:
3264:
3242:
3206:
3008:
2999:, whose ancestry is traced to 4500 years ago, in modern day Northern
2992:
2988:
2687:
2587:
2562:
2529:
2456:
2428:
2393:
2272:. The Hungarian population began to decrease only at the time of the
2265:
2032:
1899:
1743:
1667:
1649:
1216:
1195:
in 1920 and are now parts of Hungary's seven neighbouring countries,
1144:
990:
865:
786:
766:
8551:
Spatiul istoric si etnic romanesc, Editura Militara, Bucuresti, 1992
7860:
mtDNA haplotypes and Y-chromosome haplogroups in a small cemetery".
7852:
7044:
6773:
Ethnic Geography of the Hungarian Minorities in the Carpathian Basin
5434:
3958:
3595: Hungary proper where Hungarians are the ethnic majority people
2951:
2353:
2162:
and last legitimate descendant of the German branch of the house of
10193:
10077:
10033:
9914:
9903:
8969:
8909:
8040:
The realm of St. Stephen: a history of medieval Hungary, 895 - 1526
7930:
7720:
7209:
7013:
Horváth-Lugossy, Gábor; Makoldi, Miklós; Neparáczki, Endre (2022).
6622:Őri, Péter; Kocsis, Károly; Faragó, Tamás; Tóth, Pál Péter (2021).
6594:
6450:
6174:
Horváth-Lugossy, Gábor; Makoldi, Miklós; Neparáczki, Endre (2022).
6040:
5922:
5920:
5918:
5916:
3522:
3043:
2817:
2650:. Later the ancestors of the Hungarian conquerors admixed with the
2643:
2545:
2533:
2444:
2252:
At this time, the Hungarian nation numbered around 400,000 people.
2244:
2238:
2187:
2167:
2052:
1895:
1771:
1540:
1291:
608:
408:
143:
9845:
7487:"A Dynamic 6,000-Year Genetic History of Eurasia's Eastern Steppe"
6649:
4175:
2960:
2809:. Modern Hungarians also display genetic affinity with historical
2655:
2630:
territory. The ancestors of the Hungarian conquerors lived in the
2048:
2040:
1931:
1843:
together with the Turkic-speaking Kabars integrated the Avars and
1307:
1303:
10097:
10049:
10043:
9908:
8940:
7269:
7099:
6598:
3800:
3763:
3218:
3042:
The historical Magyar genome corresponds largely with the modern
2931:
the Mansi people during their migration to the Carpathian Basin.
2868:
2864:
2860:
2599:
2591:
2339:
2285:
2261:
2226:
2147:
1859:
1844:
1679:
1675:
1664:
1525:
1502:
1425:
1392:
1148:
1065:
806:
528:
488:
370:
350:
253:
235:
161:
125:
83:
78:
8248:
7543:
7012:
6173:
5913:
5312:, A History of Hungary, Indiana University Press, 1994 page 11.
4041:(in Hungarian). Budapest: Hungarian Central Statistical Office.
1652:. In the early 8th century, some of the Hungarians moved to the
10198:
10122:
10038:
9979:
8042:. International library of historical studies. London: Tauris.
5594:
Négyesi, Lajos; Veszprémy, László (2011). Gubcsi, Lajos (ed.).
5032:
The state of the art of Uralic studies: tradition vs innovation
4295:
Befolkning efter födelseland och ursprungsland 31 December 2018
3873:
3815:
3629:
3238:
3202:
2789:, while their mtDNA has strong links to the populations of the
2778:
2737:
people, the earliest Uralic-speakers can be associated with an
2726:
2671:
2595:
2553:
2501:
2175:
2138:
2109:
1947:
1907:
1855:
1754:. From 862 onwards, the Hungarians (already referred to as the
1325:
1236:
1155:) and historical Hungarian lands (i.e. belonging to the former
1140:
945:
905:
845:
726:
687:
667:
588:
548:
468:
389:
271:
197:
179:
8524:
Ethnic Continuity in the Carpatho-Danubian Area, Elemér Illyés
8157:
Pamjav, H; Dudás, E; Krizsán, K; Galambos, A (December 2019).
7163:
5930:"The genetic origin of Huns, Avars, and conquering Hungarians"
2388:) and to emigration to Hungary (in the 1990s, especially from
1567:
and surrounding regions, giving rise to modern Hungarians and
9852:
9840:
7153:"Xiongnu Y-DNA connects Huns & Avars to Scytho-Siberians"
7022:. Budapest, Székesfehérvár: Institute of Hungarian Research.
6183:. Budapest, Székesfehérvár: Institute of Hungarian Research.
4805:
3830:
3268:
3151:
2947:
2281:
2234:
2171:
2090:
1777:
1751:
1727:
1683:
1663:
The Hungarians around the Don River were subordinates of the
1560:
1335:
1101:
746:
428:
8853:
8793:
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License
8412:
8410:
2666:, the Hungarian ruling dynasty and the Hungarian state. The
2618:, who arrived from the Pontic steppes as a confederation of
2300:
Traditional Hungarian costumes from Jassic- Cuman area, 1822
1942:, the Hungarian ruling dynasty and the Hungarian state. The
1424:
of c. AD 950, though in his use, "Turks" always referred to
9924:
8442:"The genomic origins of the Bronze Age Tarim Basin mummies"
7902:
7858:
7326:
6956:"Historical human migrations: From the steppe to the basin"
6271:
4756:
De Administrando Imperio by Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus
4473:
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (25 October 2017).
3051:
3004:
2874:
2651:
2575:
2206:
2044:
1887:
1521:
8791:, which is licensed in a way that permits reuse under the
8416:
8403:
137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes
8163:
Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series
8156:
7055:
Bulletins of Literary History 1998, Vol. 102, Booklets 5-6
6858:
A vajdaságoktól a birodalomig. Az újkori Románia története
6833:
Partitioned nation: Hungarian minorities in Central Europe
6208:
5982:
5926:
5677:
5456:
4961:
4959:
2899:. They were found to be carrying the paternal haplogroups
2670:
claimed to be a direct descendant of the great Hun leader
2477:
1946:
claimed to be a direct descendant of the great Hun leader
1746:
around 854. The new neighbours of the Hungarians were the
8660:
8407:
6941:
Magyarságkutató Intézet (Institute of Hungarian Research)
5665:
Magyarságkutató Intézet (Institute of Hungarian Research)
4957:
4955:
4953:
4951:
4949:
4947:
4945:
4943:
4941:
4939:
4876:
Transylvania in the medieval Hungarian kingdom (896–1526)
4796:), and is four days distant from Tourkia (i.e. Hungary)."
4778:
According to Constantine Porphyrogenitus, writing in his
4647:
1098:
1095:
1092:
8771:(1282–1285)". In László Veszprémy; Frank Schaer (eds.).
8767:(1999). "Theoretical Elements in Master Simon of Kéza's
7050:
Irodalomtörténeti Közlemények 1998. 102. évf. 5-6. füzet
6658:
6169:
6167:
6121:
5785:
5783:
5781:
5779:
5771:
Bevezetés a magyar történelem forrásaiba és irodalmába 1
5637:
Rubicon (Hungarian Historical Information Dissemination)
5393:"Vázlat a magyar honfoglalás Kárpát-medencei hátteréről"
5105:
4873:
4273:
4271:
4269:
4267:
3473:
factual accuracy of the map included in this article is
499:
8775:. Central European University Press. pp. xxix–cii.
5233:
4662:
4660:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4251:
4249:
4247:
2881:
have always been a matter of debate among scholars. In
1835:
evidence, the Avar population survived the time of the
1328:"Hungarian" is thought to be derived from Oghur-Turkic
8401:
Sample DA129 ERS2374372 Nomad_IA Tian Shan; R1a-Y2632
6930:
6928:
6926:
6497:. M. E. Sharpe, Armonk, NY and London, England, 2003.
5270:
5268:
5266:
5264:
5262:
4936:
2516:
has the common European gene-pool which formed in the
1477:
The origin of Hungarians, the place and time of their
9809:
8689:
The Hungarians: A Thousand Years of Victory in Defeat
8301:
8205:
7603:
7483:
7006:
6587:
Historical World Atlas. With the commendation of the
6164:
5867:
5776:
3046:, and can be modeled as ~50% Khanty/Mansi-like, ~35%
2757:
westwards. They may also stood in contact with other
1528:. The Ugrians also display genetic affinities to the
1116:
1107:
8897:
Human Chromosomal Polymorphism in a Hungarian Sample
7427:
Savelyev, Alexander; Jeong, Choongwon (7 May 2020).
5199:
4657:
4472:
4244:
3884:
3541:
Ethnic map of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1495 by the
2991:
region, revealed them to belong to the R1a subclade
2733:
and historical Southern Siberian groups such as the
1361:, written sources called the Hungarians: "Ungri" by
1104:
8707:Neparáczki, Endre; et al. (12 November 2019).
8336:
7849:, ELTE TTK Biológia Doktori Iskola, 2017, pp. 61–65
7177:
Journal of Genetics and Genomics = Yi Chuan Xue Bao
7169:
6937:"Saint László is more Asian than most of our kings"
6923:
6621:
5597:
1000-1100 years ago…Hungary in the Carpathian Basin
5259:
4839:
4799:
2170:in 910. From 917 to 925, Hungarians raided through
1991:Árpád, Grand Prince of the Hungarians, says in the
1089:
1086:
8620:
8242:
7916:(10). Public Library of Science (PLoS): e0205920.
6804:
6369:] (in Hungarian). Szegedi Középkorász Műhely.
6267:
6265:
6263:
6204:
6202:
6200:
1464:, regardless of their ethnicity or mother tongue.
8706:
6947:
5520:Magyar őstörténet 4 – Honfoglalás és megtelepedés
4628:Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English Online
4440:Ludność. Stan i struktura demograficzno-społeczna
1742:. The Hungarians faced their first attack by the
10225:
8438:
6747:
5626:
5624:
5622:
5620:
5593:
5525:Hungarian Prehistory 4 - Conquest and Settlement
5386:
5384:
5382:
5380:
5378:
4095:
3251:, who occupied the central part of Hungary from
2915:is rare and has its highest frequency among the
2561:) of the Mezőcsát culture appeared. The classic
1784:History of Hungary before the Hungarian conquest
321:
8565:Keyser, Christine; et al. (30 July 2020).
8111:
7087:
6910:
6490:
6260:
6197:
5837:
5835:
5589:
5587:
5038:. Sapienza Università Editrice. pp. 87–88.
5022:
3014:Historical Magyar conquerors had around ~37.5%
2820:, while another study found a link between the
2524:, who were the first Homo sapiens appearing in
2373:and the wave of emigration after the attempted
1346:before their conquest of the Carpathian Basin.
638:
10284:Ethnic groups divided by international borders
8888:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 (
8097:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 (
7716:
7714:
7265:
7263:
6901:. Migration Information Source. November 2003.
6899:Hungary: Transit Country Between East and West
6632:National Atlas of Hungary – Volume 3 – Society
6389:
5556:
5554:
5552:
5550:
5548:
5187:Hungarians and Europe in the Early Middle Ages
5049:
5047:
5045:
4912:Hungarians and Europe in the Early Middle Ages
4666:
2288:. In 1715 (after the Ottoman occupation), the
1509:. The ancient Ugrians are associated with the
916:
9795:
8925:
8564:
8498:
8144:
7426:
6954:Saag, Lehti; Staniuk, Robert (11 July 2022).
6878:"Nyolcmillió lehet a magyar népesség 2050-re"
6682:
5654:
5652:
5650:
5648:
5646:
5617:
5512:
5510:
5407:] (in Hungarian). Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum.
5375:
5347:
5345:
5343:
4926:"Transylvania – The Roots of Ethnic Conflict"
4572:
4410:(in Hungarian). 22 November 2016. p. 29.
4361:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
2942:Among 100 Hungarian men, 90 of whom from the
876:
301:
281:
7036:
5863:
5861:
5832:
5792:Történelem 5. az általános iskolások számára
5735:
5733:
5731:
5584:
5452:
5450:
5405:Peoples and cultures in the Carpathian Basin
4741:Hungary under the early Árpáds: 890s to 1063
4595:. November 2012. p. 233. Archived from
4401:"Magyar diaszpórapolitikastratégiai irányok"
3630:Traditional costumes (18th and 19th century)
2349:Magyars (Hungarians) in Hungary, 1890 census
1656:, to an area between the Volga, Don and the
559:
7896:
7711:
7260:
6953:
6099:
6097:
5545:
5355:The Carolingian Age in the Carpathian Basin
5112:Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences
5101:
5099:
5097:
5095:
5093:
5091:
5042:
5028:
4833:
4715:The Magyars: the birth of a European nation
4383:"PeopleGroups.org – Hungarians of Slovenia"
4333:
4331:
4329:
4327:
4325:
4323:
3744:
2702:population lived through the period of the
1670:. Their neighbours were the archaeological
1595:Map of the presumptive Hungarian prehistory
1416:
1353:when the Hungarian conquerors lived on the
856:
777:
757:
9802:
9788:
8932:
8918:
6741:
6511:
5643:
5516:
5507:
5340:
5227:
4702:The grand strategy of the Byzantine Empire
3979:Shamanistic remnants in Hungarian folklore
3624:Shamanistic remnants in Hungarian folklore
2704:Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin
2312:
2248:Population growth of Hungarians (900–1980)
1837:Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin
1797:Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin
1788:Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin
1778:Entering the Carpathian Basin (c. 862–895)
1351:Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin
599:
399:
8746:
8481:
8423:
8360:
8350:
8174:
8072:
8014:
7957:
7939:
7929:
7814:
7757:
7739:
7694:
7645:
7580:
7562:
7520:
7502:
7460:
7392:
7353:
7303:
7235:
6981:
6688:
6537:
6308:
6298:
6243:
6147:
6077:
6059:
6017:
5896:
5886:
5858:
5728:
5711:
5490:
5447:
5174:. Cambridge University Press. p. 62.
5131:
5071:
4993:
4983:
4743:, Eastern European Monographs, 2002, p. 3
4096:Holka Chudzikova, Alena (29 March 2022).
4073:[As if cities had been emptied].
4062:
4030:Mikrocenzus 2016 – 12. Nemzetiségi adatok
3984:List of domesticated animals from Hungary
3500:Learn how and when to remove this message
2761:(partially linked to the ethnogenesis of
2610:during the Hunnic era. Foundation of the
2190:. Hungarian expansion was checked at the
1950:. Medieval Hungarian chronicles from the
797:
519:
479:
439:
361:
341:
8304:Forensic Science International: Genetics
8038:Engel, Pál (2001). Ayton, Andrew (ed.).
7276:Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding
7016:Kings and Saints – The Age of the Árpáds
6913:"Hungary Citizenship Bill Irks Neighbor"
6872:
6870:
6802:
6629:. In Kocsis, Károly; Őri, Péter (eds.).
6396:. Indiana University Press. p. 11.
6177:Kings and Saints - The Age of the Árpáds
6094:
5630:
5432:
5390:
5184:
5088:
4909:
4812:. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 46.
4806:Günter Prinzing; Maciej Salamon (1999).
4704:, Harvard University Press, 2009, p. 156
4667:Peter F. Sugar, ed. (22 November 1990).
4320:
4068:
4026:
3292:
2975:An analysis of Bashkir samples from the
2828:, and the Hungarian affinities with the
2520:through the admixture of three sources:
2495:
2487:
2464:a referendum in Hungary in December 2004
2352:
2344:
2303:
2295:
2243:
2137:
1791:
1635:
1590:
1175:. The Hungarian language belongs to the
936:
896:
836:
717:
678:
658:
579:
539:
459:
8902:Hungarian genetics researches 2008–2009
8685:
8330:
7083:
6712:
5841:
5635:[From Álmos to Saint Stephen].
5570:. Budapest: Hungarian National Museum.
5428:
5426:
5424:
5361:. Budapest: Hungarian National Museum.
5060:International Journal of Human Genetics
4752:
4673:. Indiana University Press. p. 9.
4559:
3758:Hungarians dressed in folk costumes in
2922:
2877:origin or influences on Hungarians and
2478:Ethnic affiliations and genetic origins
1543:, and stood also in contact with other
1412:Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus
737:
419:
14:
10226:
8799:. All relevant terms must be followed.
8773:Simon of Kéza: Deeds of the Hungarians
8618:
7150:
7042:
6825:
6766:
6440:
5852:Oktatási Hivatal (Office of Education)
5797:History 5. for primary school students
5560:
5200:Blench, Roger; Matthew Briggs (1999).
5193:
5053:
4339:"A diaszpóra tudományos megközelítése"
4147:
2255:
2021:The Hungarians took possession of the
1911:lineages can be derived from Iron Age
1489:is predicted to have been east of the
9783:
8913:
8763:
8037:
7780:
7079:
7075:
6934:
6867:
6580:
5658:
5401:Népek és kultúrák a Kárpát-medencében
5351:
4965:
4753:Jenkins, Romilly James Heald (1967).
4234:State Statistics Committee of Ukraine
4022:
4020:
2142:Hungarian raids in the 9–10th century
2108:Archaeological findings (e.g. in the
2055:, he was sacrificed in Transylvania.
1586:
1131:
27:Ethnic group native to Central Europe
8939:
7988:
7668:
6935:Endre, Neparáczki (22 August 2022).
6367:From Levedia to the Carpathian Basin
6360:
5739:
5517:Sudár, Balázs; Petek, Zsolt (2016).
5421:
4730:, Universal-Publishers, 2008, p. 358
3480:Relevant discussion may be found on
3457:
2540:steppe migrants that arrived in the
2058:In 895/896, under the leadership of
71:Regions with significant populations
5846:[The Origin of Hungarians]
4560:Hungary, About (19 November 2019).
4420:
4069:Széchely, István (3 January 2023).
3586:(also known and referred to as the
3545:(Hungarians are depicted in orange)
3057:
2843:. The arrival of the Indo-European
2785:as well as to two specimens of the
2431:). Sizable minorities live also in
2194:in 955, ending their raids against
2146:In 907, the Hungarians destroyed a
1721:
24:
8815:Hungarians in the Carpathian Basin
8339:European Journal of Human Genetics
7393:Vidaković, Nenad (30 April 2012).
6811:. M.E. Sharpe (Washington, D.C.).
6748:Lee, Jonathan; Robert Siemborski.
5659:Endre, Neparáczki (28 July 2022).
5603:. Budapest: MoD Zrínyi Média Ltd.
4148:Srbija, Euronews (28 April 2023).
4035:2016 microcensus – 12. Ethnic data
4017:
3919:List of people of Hungarian origin
3022:at 6.25% with the remainder being
1830:to a small extent in the Southern
1605:During the 4th millennium BC, the
25:
10300:
8820:Hungary and the Council of Europe
8803:
8785:, this article uses content from
6719:"Chapter 1. Historical Setting".
6423:
6337:of Anonymus, Notary of King Béla"
5842:Makoldi, Miklós (December 2021).
5742:"Conquest, Settlement, and Raids"
5564:The Era of the Hungarian Conquest
4537:. 1 December 2016. Archived from
4423:"Hungarian in Bosnia-Herzegovina"
4071:"Mintha városok ürültek volna ki"
3964:Pole, Hungarian, two good friends
2338:between 1890–1910 to escape from
1632:and Baikal-Altai Asian cultures.
1446:The Secret History of the Mongols
1443:, found in the 13th-century work
1374:Annales ex Annalibus Iuvavensibus
8837:Hungarians outside Hungary – Map
8545:
8527:
8518:
8432:
8395:
8377:
8295:
8286:
8264:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2008.00440.x
8199:
8150:
8138:
8105:
8056:
8031:
7982:
7839:
7774:
7662:
7597:
7537:
7477:
7420:
7386:
7320:
7203:
7151:Quiles, Carlos (2 August 2020).
7144:
7093:
6835:, in: Michael Mandelbaum (ed.),
5073:10.31901/24566330.2019/19.01.709
5054:Gurkan, Cemal (8 January 2019).
5009:
4713:György Balázs, Károly Szelényi,
4580:Discrimination in the EU in 2012
4210:. portfolio.hu. 16 February 2020
3887:
3858:
3838:
3822:
3807:
3785:
3770:
3751:
3735:
3726:
3717:
3708:
3699:
3690:
3681:
3672:
3663:
3654:
3645:
3636:
3575:
3563:
3550:
3534:
3514:
3462:
3435:
3420:
3405:
3390:
3375:
3360:
3345:
3033:
3018:, as well as lower frequency of
2552:, a continuous migration of the
1906:, a continuous migration of the
1082:
938:
918:
898:
878:
858:
838:
799:
779:
759:
739:
719:
680:
660:
640:
601:
581:
561:
541:
521:
501:
481:
461:
441:
421:
401:
382:
363:
343:
323:
303:
283:
264:
246:
228:
209:
190:
172:
154:
136:
118:
77:
8208:Molecular Genetics and Genomics
7862:Molecular Genetics and Genomics
6911:Veronika Gulyas (26 May 2010).
6904:
6892:
6850:
6796:
6760:
6558:
6531:
6484:
6475:
6434:
6417:
6383:
6354:
6325:
6115:
6109:Institute of Hungarian Research
6034:
5976:
5763:
5671:
5318:
5302:
5245:: Parragon Books. p. 342.
5178:
5156:
4918:
4903:
4892:
4867:
4788:, stretches west as far as the
4746:
4733:
4720:
4707:
4694:
4641:
4616:
4553:
4527:
4499:
4481:
4466:
4449:
4433:
4414:
4393:
4375:
4349:
4298:
4289:
3413:Hungarians in the United States
3368:Hungarians in Vojvodina, Serbia
2741:lineage maximized among modern
1988:are the descendants of Attila.
1259:, and therefore constitute the
8114:University of California Press
4784:(c. AD 950), "Patzinakia, the
4222:
4200:
4182:
4164:
4141:
4123:
4089:
3833:, the mythical bird of Hungary
3445:(according to the 2021 census)
3430:(according to the 2011 census)
3415:(according to the 2018 census)
3400:(according to the 2001 census)
3385:(according to the 2011 census)
3370:(according to the 2002 census)
3355:(according to the 2021 census)
3337:Maps of the Hungarian diaspora
2662:, they became founders of the
2466:on whether to grant Hungarian
2062:, some Hungarians crossed the
1938:, they became founders of the
1807:The Hungarians arrived in the
1407:) was used by the scholar and
13:
1:
8673:Hungarian Academy of Sciences
6725:. Federal Research Division,
6566:"History of Hungary, 895–970"
6363:Levédiától a Kárpát-medencéig
5631:Szabados, György (May 2022).
5308:Peter F. Sugar, Péter Hanák,
5282:. Federal Research Division,
4966:Török, Tibor (26 June 2023).
4010:
3845:Welcome sign in Latin and in
3543:Hungarian Academy of Sciences
3256:
3252:
2983:districts of the Republic of
2134:Hungarian invasions of Europe
2028:The Hungarian military events
1513:, and were influenced by the
1456:The historical Latin phrase "
63:
9000:Principality of Transylvania
8623:A Concise History of Hungary
8316:10.1016/j.fsigen.2014.11.007
8176:10.1016/j.fsigss.2019.10.106
7941:10.1371/journal.pone.0205920
6864:, Szeged, 1989, pp. 155–156)
6845:Council on Foreign Relations
6752:. bergen.org. Archived from
6750:"Peaks/waves of immigration"
6361:Tóth, Sándor László (1998).
6300:10.1371/journal.pone.0205920
4840:Henry Hoyle Howorth (2008).
4794:Eastern Carpathian Mountains
4027:Vukovich, Gabriella (2018).
3482:Talk:History of Transylvania
2684:Hungarian medieval chronicle
2407:For historical reasons (see
2127:
1963:Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum
1822:asserted their influence in
1734:, the territory between the
1485:, the range of the original
1371:in 862, and "Ungari" by the
7:
9035:Interwar Kingdom of Hungary
8870:(inactive 27 August 2024).
8077:(inactive 27 August 2024).
7787:Evolutionary Human Sciences
7433:Evolutionary Human Sciences
6694:"5. The Eighteenth Century"
6540:"The Hungarians of Hungary"
6342:. Translated by Martyn Rady
5352:Szőke, Béla Miklós (2014).
4343:Kőrösi Csoma Sándor program
4102:Minority policy in Slovakia
3880:
3282:
2849:Seima-Turbino cultural area
2739:Ancient Northern East Asian
1179:, alongside, most notably,
10:
10305:
10279:Ethnic groups in Vojvodina
8739:10.1038/s41598-019-53105-5
8629:Cambridge University Press
8589:10.1007/s00439-020-02209-4
8558:
8466:10.1038/s41586-021-04052-7
8385:"R-SUR51 Y-DNA Haplogroup"
7630:10.1038/s41598-019-44272-6
7504:10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.015
7399:Migracijske i etničke teme
7118:10.1007/s00439-020-02209-4
6775:. Simon Publications LLC.
6589:Royal Geographical Society
6236:10.1038/s41598-019-53105-5
6010:10.1038/s41598-019-53105-5
5704:10.1038/s41598-021-98796-x
5483:10.1038/s41598-021-98796-x
5206:. Routledge. p. 210.
5133:10.1007/s12520-019-00996-0
4846:. Cosimo, Inc. p. 3.
3872:(Székelykeve), Vojvodina,
3611:
3607:
3286:
3231:Central and Eastern Europe
2565:culture spread across the
2481:
2131:
2120:, who comprise 40% of the
2099:South-Moravian Carpathians
1781:
1598:
1467:
1317:
29:
10269:Ethnic groups in Slovenia
10264:Ethnic groups in Slovakia
10239:History of the Hungarians
10164:
10136:
10113:
10076:
10003:
9945:
9818:
9741:
9578:
9497:Universities and colleges
9471:
9462:
9368:
9359:
9245:
9236:
9151:
9142:
9068:
8960:
8951:
8868:10.1017/S0003480000008010
8425:10.1101/2022.01.19.476915
8352:10.1038/s41431-020-0683-z
8220:10.1007/s00438-017-1319-z
8074:10.1515/9789633865699-005
7989:Wong, Emily H.M. (2015).
7874:10.1007/s00438-016-1267-z
7781:Bjørn, Rasmus G. (2022).
7741:10.1186/s12863-017-0578-3
7669:Wong, Emily H.M. (2015).
7564:10.1186/s13059-018-1522-1
7355:10.1016/j.cub.2022.11.062
7237:10.1016/j.cub.2022.11.036
7189:10.1016/j.jgg.2022.06.008
7043:György, Szabados (1998).
6983:10.1016/j.cub.2022.05.058
6803:Bugajski, Janusz (1995).
6690:Macartney, Carlile Aylmer
6061:10.1186/s12863-017-0578-3
5954:10.1016/j.cub.2022.04.093
5633:"Álmostól Szent Istvánig"
5433:Szabados, György (2018).
5391:Szabados, György (2016).
5185:Róna-Tas, András (1999).
4910:Róna-Tas, András (1999).
4152:(in Serbian). Euronews.rs
3192:
3184:
3179:
3169:
3164:
3150:
3145:
3135:
3130:
3120:
3115:
3105:
3100:
3092:
3087:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3066:
2532:farmers originating from
2484:Genetic history of Europe
1472:
1404:
1355:steppes of Eastern Europe
1061:
1046:
1038:
1030:
976:
971:
964:
959:
935:
915:
895:
875:
855:
835:
831:
824:
820:
796:
776:
756:
736:
716:
712:
705:
701:
677:
657:
637:
633:
626:
622:
598:
578:
558:
538:
518:
498:
478:
458:
438:
418:
398:
380:
360:
340:
320:
300:
280:
262:
244:
226:
206:
188:
170:
152:
134:
116:
112:
105:
101:
94:
75:
70:
62:
57:
51:
50:
10274:Ethnic groups in Ukraine
10254:Ethnic groups in Romania
10249:Ethnic groups in Austria
10244:Ethnic groups in Hungary
9476:Anti-Hungarian sentiment
9156:Administrative divisions
8856:Annals of Human Genetics
8667:) – Zsolt Bottlik (PhD,
8252:Annals of Human Genetics
6831:Kovrig, Bennett (2000),
6722:A Country Study: Hungary
6698:Hungary; A short history
6491:Piotr Eberhardt (2003).
6128:Human Molecular Genetics
5844:"A magyarság származása"
5280:A Country Study: Hungary
5203:Archaeology and Language
4930:www.hungarianhistory.com
4781:De Administrando Imperio
4004:Romani people in Hungary
3780:women's national costume
3745:Folklore and communities
2759:Ancient Northeast Asians
2522:Western Hunter-Gatherers
2398:"baby boom" of the 1950s
1419:De Administrando Imperio
10259:Ethnic groups in Serbia
9384:Hungarian National Bank
9015:Austro-Hungarian Empire
8619:Molnar, Miklos (2001).
6917:The Wall Street Journal
6767:Kocsis, Károly (1998).
6624:"History of Population"
6524:Encyclopædia Britannica
6390:Peter F. Sugar (1994).
5561:Révész, László (2014).
4135:Statistisches Bundesamt
3909:Demographics of Hungary
3453:
3067:Word roots in Hungarian
2855:populations tested the
2313:19th century to present
2103:Principality of Moravia
1926:, who arrived from the
1876:Hungarian county system
1766:, but also against the
1760:Eastern Frankish Empire
1505:, east of the southern
1313:
9540:International rankings
9415:Science and technology
9295:Chief of General Staff
8990:Ottoman–Hungarian wars
8830:22 August 2013 at the
8686:Lendvai, Paul (2003).
6880:. origo. 14 April 2005
6449:] (in Hungarian).
6441:Csorba, Csaba (1997).
4489:"Hungarians in Brazil"
4477:. www12.statcan.gc.ca.
4236:. 2003. Archived from
4190:"Hungarians of France"
4172:"Hungarians in France"
3383:Hungarians in Slovakia
3329:
2771:Western Steppe Herders
2723:Uralic language family
2509:
2493:
2362:
2350:
2309:
2301:
2249:
2143:
2084:battle of Southern Buh
2019:
1918:The foundation of the
1898:, who are regarded as
1804:
1644:, known as Bashkiria (
1596:
1417:
1268:
1177:Uralic language family
1152:
1128:
509:Bosnia and Herzegovina
8985:Late Medieval Kingdom
8980:High Medieval Kingdom
8665:University of Miskolc
8122:10.1525/9780520310773
8007:10.1101/gr.202945.115
7687:10.1101/gr.202945.115
6453:: Kulturtrade kiadó.
5888:10.3390/genes12030460
5740:Bóna, István (2001).
5443:] (in Hungarian).
4985:10.3390/genes14071345
4717:, Corvina, 1989, p. 8
4588:Special Eurobarometer
4495:on 22 September 2007.
3760:Southern Transdanubia
3443:Hungarians in Germany
3428:Hungarians of Croatia
3398:Hungarians in Ukraine
3353:Hungarians in Romania
3296:
2944:Great Hungarian Plain
2608:Pontic-Caspian steppe
2567:Great Hungarian Plain
2499:
2491:
2356:
2348:
2323:Great Hungarian Plain
2307:
2299:
2247:
2202:continued until 970.
2141:
2122:Hungarians in Romania
2076:Bulgaro-Byzantine war
1999:
1952:Hungarian royal court
1854:rebelled against the
1814:After the end of the
1795:
1636:4th century to c. 830
1594:
1576:Hungarian pre-history
1318:Further information:
1159:) who share a common
9729:World Heritage Sites
9601:Palaces and mansions
8965:Hungarian prehistory
8795:, but not under the
8539:dailynewshungary.com
8505:A nyelv és a nyelvek
7722:(28 December 2017).
7088:Maenchen-Helfen 1973
6393:A History of Hungary
6042:(28 December 2017).
5940:(13): 2858–2870.e7.
5168:Przemysław Urbańczyk
4670:A History of Hungary
3954:Székelys of Bukovina
3847:Old Hungarian script
3778:Vojvodina Hungarians
3227:Transylvanian Saxons
3011:, date: 427-422 BC.
2923:Paternal haplogroups
2911:. In modern Europe,
2692:Hungarian conquerors
2616:Hungarian conquerors
2614:is connected to the
2584:Hungarian conquerors
2290:Southern Great Plain
1924:Hungarian conquerors
1922:is connected to the
1852:Rastislav of Moravia
1841:Hungarian conquerors
1768:Balaton principality
1601:Hungarian prehistory
1534:Hungarian landtaking
1359:Carpathian Mountains
8825:Facts about Hungary
8731:2019NatSR...916569N
8669:Budapest University
8458:2021Natur.599..256Z
7922:2018PLoSO..1305920N
7799:10.1017/ehs.2022.16
7622:2019NatSR...9.7786P
7445:10.1017/ehs.2020.18
7346:2023CBio...33E.423W
7288:10.18699/VJGB-23-07
7228:2023CBio...33E.174P
6974:2022CBio...32.R738S
6727:Library of Congress
6447:The people of Árpád
6291:2018PLoSO..1305920N
6228:2019NatSR...916569N
6140:10.1093/hmg/ddac106
6002:2019NatSR...916569N
5946:2022CBio...32E2858M
5820:on 21 December 2023
5696:2021NatSR..1119210W
5475:2021NatSR..1119210W
5284:Library of Congress
5124:2020ArAnS..12...31F
4739:Z. J. Kosztolnyik,
4650:, s. v. "Ugrian": "
4593:European Commission
4523:on 3 February 2016.
4285:. 10 February 2014.
4283:migrationpolicy.org
4240:on 31 October 2004.
4178:on 4 February 2007.
3989:Hungarian Americans
3969:Hungarian mythology
3221:(more specifically
2755:Seima-Turbino route
2628:Mezhovskaya culture
2256:Early modern period
2198:, but raids on the
2160:Arnulf of Carinthia
2152:Battle of Pressburg
2070:. The tribe called
1977:Chronica Hungarorum
1678:(Proto-Bulgarians,
1524:, as well as later
1511:Mezhovskaya culture
1365:in 837, "Ungri" by
47:
9679:Hungarian language
9530:Hungarian diaspora
9430:Telecommunications
9055:Revolution of 1956
9010:Revolution of 1848
8714:Scientific Reports
8145:Keyser et al. 2020
7610:Scientific Reports
7222:(1): 174–182.e10.
6700:. University Press
6546:on 27 October 2009
6216:Scientific Reports
6111:. 12 October 2022.
5990:Scientific Reports
5684:Scientific Reports
5463:Scientific Reports
5290:on 29 October 2004
4602:on 2 December 2012
4541:on 5 December 2023
4408:kulhonimagyarok.hu
3914:List of Hungarians
3614:Culture of Hungary
3330:
3289:Hungarian diaspora
3007:population of the
2892:Scientific Reports
2845:Afanasievo culture
2719:Hungarian language
2638:together with the
2526:Paleolithic Europe
2510:
2494:
2375:revolution in 1956
2363:
2351:
2336:Kingdom of Hungary
2310:
2302:
2250:
2223:Kingdom of Hungary
2192:Battle of Lechfeld
2144:
1872:Carolingian Empire
1805:
1597:
1587:Pre-4th century AD
1462:Kingdom of Hungary
1368:Annales Bertiniani
1261:Hungarian diaspora
1157:Kingdom of Hungary
1133:[ˈmɒɟɒrok]
45:
30:For the film, see
10221:
10220:
10024:Northwestern Mari
9810:Peoples speaking
9777:
9776:
9737:
9736:
9520:Human trafficking
9458:
9457:
9355:
9354:
9319:Political parties
9265:Foreign relations
9232:
9231:
9138:
9137:
9050:People's Republic
9030:Treaty of Trianon
8638:978-0-521-66736-4
8452:(7884): 256–261.
8292:Semino 2000 et al
8084:978-963-386-569-9
8049:978-1-86064-061-2
7845:Endre Neparacki,
7340:(3): 423–433.e5.
7029:978-615-6117-65-6
6847:Press, pp. 19–80.
6818:978-1-56324-283-0
6782:978-1-931313-75-9
6675:978-963-9545-48-9
6642:978-963-9545-64-9
6607:978-963-352-002-4
6504:978-0-7656-0665-5
6460:978-963-9069-20-6
6403:978-0-253-20867-5
6190:978-615-6117-65-6
6134:(19): 3266–3280.
5869:(23 March 2021).
5810:978-615-6178-37-4
5610:978-963-327-515-3
5538:978-963-227-755-4
5414:978-615-5209-56-7
5368:978-615-5209-17-8
5213:978-0-415-11761-6
4853:978-1-60520-134-4
4819:978-3-447-04146-1
4766:978-0-88402-021-9
4680:978-0-253-20867-5
4427:joshuaproject.net
4421:Project, Joshua.
4048:978-963-235-542-9
3999:Hungarian culture
3994:Hungarian cuisine
3510:
3509:
3502:
3309: + 1,000,000
3223:Hungarian Germans
3197:
3196:
3028:Haplogroup Q-M242
3020:Haplogroup C-M217
3016:Haplogroup N-M231
2950:descendants from
2409:Treaty of Trianon
2367:Treaty of Trianon
2359:Treaty of Trianon
2231:Iberian Peninsula
2082:won the decisive
1980:claimed that the
1630:Andronovo culture
1569:Hungarian culture
1435:The obscure name
1379:Early Middle Ages
1363:Georgius Monachus
1193:Treaty of Trianon
1071:
1070:
1026:
1025:
1013:Greek Catholicism
1009:Eastern Orthodoxy
983:Roman Catholicism
955:
954:
826:Rest of the world
816:
815:
697:
696:
618:
617:
90:11,425,000 (2022)
16:(Redirected from
10296:
10234:Hungarian people
10213:
9812:Uralic languages
9804:
9797:
9790:
9781:
9780:
9757:
9750:
9648:
9641:
9634:
9627:
9603:
9596:
9499:
9469:
9468:
9406:
9386:
9366:
9365:
9345:
9331:
9243:
9242:
9208:
9201:
9194:
9166:Cities and towns
9149:
9148:
8995:Habsburg Kingdom
8958:
8957:
8934:
8927:
8920:
8911:
8910:
8906:
8893:
8887:
8879:
8862:(Pt 2): 145–59.
8776:
8769:Gesta Hungarorum
8760:
8750:
8703:
8642:
8626:
8615:
8613:
8611:
8552:
8549:
8543:
8542:
8531:
8525:
8522:
8516:
8502:
8496:
8495:
8485:
8436:
8430:
8429:
8427:
8414:
8405:
8399:
8393:
8392:
8381:
8375:
8374:
8364:
8354:
8334:
8328:
8327:
8299:
8293:
8290:
8284:
8283:
8246:
8240:
8239:
8203:
8197:
8196:
8178:
8154:
8148:
8142:
8136:
8135:
8109:
8103:
8102:
8096:
8088:
8076:
8065:Gesta Hungarorum
8060:
8054:
8053:
8035:
8029:
8028:
8018:
7986:
7980:
7979:
7961:
7943:
7933:
7900:
7894:
7893:
7856:
7850:
7843:
7837:
7836:
7818:
7778:
7772:
7771:
7761:
7743:
7718:
7709:
7708:
7698:
7666:
7660:
7659:
7649:
7601:
7595:
7594:
7584:
7566:
7541:
7535:
7534:
7524:
7506:
7481:
7475:
7474:
7464:
7424:
7418:
7417:
7390:
7384:
7383:
7357:
7324:
7318:
7317:
7307:
7267:
7258:
7257:
7239:
7207:
7201:
7200:
7167:
7161:
7160:
7157:Indo-European.eu
7148:
7142:
7141:
7097:
7091:
7078:, p. xliv;
7073:
7067:
7066:
7040:
7034:
7033:
7021:
7010:
7004:
7003:
6985:
6951:
6945:
6944:
6932:
6921:
6920:
6908:
6902:
6896:
6890:
6889:
6887:
6885:
6874:
6865:
6854:
6848:
6829:
6823:
6822:
6810:
6800:
6794:
6793:
6791:
6789:
6764:
6758:
6757:
6756:on 16 June 1997.
6745:
6739:
6738:
6736:
6734:
6716:
6710:
6709:
6707:
6705:
6686:
6680:
6679:
6667:
6656:
6647:
6646:
6628:
6619:
6610:
6584:
6578:
6577:
6575:
6573:
6562:
6556:
6555:
6553:
6551:
6542:. Archived from
6535:
6529:
6528:
6519:"Szekler people"
6515:
6509:
6508:
6488:
6482:
6479:
6473:
6472:
6438:
6432:
6431:
6427:Chronicon Pictum
6421:
6415:
6414:
6412:
6410:
6387:
6381:
6380:
6358:
6352:
6351:
6349:
6347:
6341:
6335:Gesta Hungarorum
6329:
6323:
6322:
6312:
6302:
6285:(10): e0205920.
6269:
6258:
6257:
6247:
6206:
6195:
6194:
6182:
6171:
6162:
6161:
6151:
6119:
6113:
6112:
6101:
6092:
6091:
6081:
6063:
6054:(Suppl 1): 110.
6038:
6032:
6031:
6021:
5984:November 2019).
5980:
5974:
5973:
5924:
5911:
5910:
5900:
5890:
5865:
5856:
5855:
5849:
5839:
5830:
5829:
5827:
5825:
5819:
5813:. Archived from
5802:
5787:
5774:
5769:Kosáry Domokos,
5767:
5761:
5760:
5737:
5726:
5725:
5715:
5675:
5669:
5668:
5656:
5641:
5640:
5628:
5615:
5614:
5602:
5591:
5582:
5581:
5569:
5558:
5543:
5542:
5530:
5514:
5505:
5504:
5494:
5454:
5445:
5444:
5430:
5419:
5418:
5398:
5388:
5373:
5372:
5360:
5349:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5333:
5328:. Thenagain.info
5322:
5316:
5306:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5295:
5286:. Archived from
5272:
5257:
5256:
5231:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5220:
5197:
5191:
5190:
5182:
5176:
5175:
5160:
5154:
5153:
5135:
5103:
5086:
5085:
5075:
5051:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5026:
5020:
5013:
5007:
4997:
4987:
4963:
4934:
4933:
4922:
4916:
4915:
4907:
4901:
4896:
4890:
4889:
4871:
4865:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4837:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4826:
4803:
4797:
4777:
4775:
4773:
4750:
4744:
4737:
4731:
4724:
4718:
4711:
4705:
4700:Edward Luttwak,
4698:
4692:
4691:
4689:
4687:
4664:
4655:
4645:
4639:
4638:
4636:
4634:
4620:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4607:
4601:
4584:
4576:
4570:
4569:
4557:
4551:
4550:
4548:
4546:
4531:
4525:
4524:
4522:
4516:. Archived from
4511:
4503:
4497:
4496:
4491:. Archived from
4485:
4479:
4478:
4470:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4453:
4447:
4437:
4431:
4430:
4418:
4412:
4411:
4405:
4397:
4391:
4390:
4387:peoplegroups.org
4379:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4368:
4353:
4347:
4346:
4335:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4313:
4302:
4296:
4293:
4287:
4286:
4275:
4242:
4241:
4226:
4220:
4219:
4217:
4215:
4204:
4198:
4197:
4194:PeopleGroups.org
4186:
4180:
4179:
4174:. Archived from
4168:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4157:
4145:
4139:
4138:
4127:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4093:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4082:
4066:
4060:
4059:
4057:
4055:
4040:
4024:
3897:
3892:
3891:
3890:
3862:
3849:for the town of
3842:
3826:
3811:
3795:folk costume in
3789:
3774:
3755:
3739:
3730:
3721:
3712:
3703:
3694:
3685:
3676:
3667:
3658:
3649:
3640:
3600:
3594:
3588:Carpathian Basin
3579:
3567:
3554:
3538:
3518:
3505:
3498:
3494:
3491:
3485:
3466:
3465:
3458:
3439:
3424:
3409:
3394:
3379:
3364:
3349:
3326:
3320:
3314:
3308:
3302:
3258:
3254:
3064:
3063:
3058:Other influences
3052:Hun/Xiongnu-like
2767:Mongolic peoples
2604:Rouran Khaganate
2514:Carpathian Basin
2371:Second World War
2200:Balkan Peninsula
2068:Carpathian Basin
2066:and entered the
2023:Carpathian Basin
2017:
2014:Gesta Hungarorum
1994:Gesta Hungarorum
1967:Chronicon Pictum
1957:Gesta Hungarorum
1860:Hincmar of Reims
1809:Carpathian Basin
1801:Chronicon Pictum
1750:and the eastern
1722:c. 830 to c. 895
1619:Iranian speakers
1580:Carpathian basin
1565:Pannonian Steppe
1422:
1406:
1300:Western Moldavia
1269:magyar diaszpóra
1138:Central European
1135:
1119:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1076:, also known as
1028:
1027:
948:
944:
942:
941:
928:
924:
922:
921:
908:
904:
902:
901:
888:
884:
882:
881:
868:
864:
862:
861:
848:
844:
842:
841:
822:
821:
809:
805:
803:
802:
789:
785:
783:
782:
769:
765:
763:
762:
749:
745:
743:
742:
729:
725:
723:
722:
703:
702:
690:
686:
684:
683:
670:
666:
664:
663:
650:
646:
644:
643:
624:
623:
611:
607:
605:
604:
591:
587:
585:
584:
571:
567:
565:
564:
551:
547:
545:
544:
531:
527:
525:
524:
511:
507:
505:
504:
491:
487:
485:
484:
471:
467:
465:
464:
451:
447:
445:
444:
431:
427:
425:
424:
411:
407:
405:
404:
388:
386:
385:
373:
369:
367:
366:
353:
349:
347:
346:
333:
329:
327:
326:
313:
309:
307:
306:
293:
289:
287:
286:
270:
268:
267:
252:
250:
249:
234:
232:
231:
219:
215:
213:
212:
196:
194:
193:
178:
176:
175:
160:
158:
157:
142:
140:
139:
124:
122:
121:
103:
102:
95:Other countries
88:Carpathian Basin
82:
81:
65:
58:Total population
48:
44:
21:
10304:
10303:
10299:
10298:
10297:
10295:
10294:
10293:
10224:
10223:
10222:
10217:
10207:
10160:
10132:
10109:
10072:
9999:
9941:
9814:
9808:
9778:
9773:
9760:
9753:
9746:
9733:
9644:
9637:
9630:
9623:
9599:
9592:
9574:
9560:Public holidays
9495:
9454:
9404:
9382:
9351:
9343:
9329:
9285:Law enforcement
9228:
9204:
9197:
9190:
9134:
9064:
9045:Second Republic
8947:
8938:
8904:
8881:
8880:
8843:Genetic studies
8832:Wayback Machine
8806:
8723:Nature Research
8700:
8639:
8609:
8607:
8561:
8556:
8555:
8550:
8546:
8533:
8532:
8528:
8523:
8519:
8503:
8499:
8437:
8433:
8415:
8408:
8400:
8396:
8383:
8382:
8378:
8335:
8331:
8300:
8296:
8291:
8287:
8247:
8243:
8204:
8200:
8155:
8151:
8143:
8139:
8132:
8110:
8106:
8090:
8089:
8085:
8062:
8061:
8057:
8050:
8036:
8032:
7995:Genome Research
7987:
7983:
7901:
7897:
7857:
7853:
7844:
7840:
7779:
7775:
7719:
7712:
7675:Genome Research
7667:
7663:
7602:
7598:
7542:
7538:
7482:
7478:
7425:
7421:
7401:(in Croatian).
7391:
7387:
7334:Current Biology
7325:
7321:
7268:
7261:
7216:Current Biology
7208:
7204:
7168:
7164:
7149:
7145:
7098:
7094:
7074:
7070:
7041:
7037:
7030:
7019:
7011:
7007:
6961:Current Biology
6952:
6948:
6933:
6924:
6909:
6905:
6897:
6893:
6883:
6881:
6876:
6875:
6868:
6855:
6851:
6830:
6826:
6819:
6801:
6797:
6787:
6785:
6783:
6765:
6761:
6746:
6742:
6732:
6730:
6718:
6717:
6713:
6703:
6701:
6687:
6683:
6676:
6665:
6657:
6650:
6643:
6626:
6620:
6613:
6593:Carthographia,
6585:
6581:
6571:
6569:
6564:
6563:
6559:
6549:
6547:
6538:Stephen Wyley.
6536:
6532:
6517:
6516:
6512:
6505:
6489:
6485:
6480:
6476:
6461:
6439:
6435:
6430:(in Hungarian).
6422:
6418:
6408:
6406:
6404:
6388:
6384:
6377:
6359:
6355:
6345:
6343:
6339:
6331:
6330:
6326:
6270:
6261:
6207:
6198:
6191:
6180:
6172:
6165:
6120:
6116:
6103:
6102:
6095:
6039:
6035:
5981:
5977:
5934:Current Biology
5925:
5914:
5866:
5859:
5854:(in Hungarian).
5847:
5840:
5833:
5823:
5821:
5817:
5811:
5800:
5789:
5788:
5777:
5768:
5764:
5757:
5738:
5729:
5676:
5672:
5667:(in Hungarian).
5657:
5644:
5639:(in Hungarian).
5629:
5618:
5611:
5600:
5592:
5585:
5578:
5567:
5559:
5546:
5539:
5528:
5515:
5508:
5455:
5448:
5431:
5422:
5415:
5396:
5389:
5376:
5369:
5358:
5350:
5341:
5331:
5329:
5324:
5323:
5319:
5307:
5303:
5293:
5291:
5276:"Early History"
5274:
5273:
5260:
5253:
5232:
5228:
5218:
5216:
5214:
5198:
5194:
5183:
5179:
5161:
5157:
5104:
5089:
5052:
5043:
5035:
5027:
5023:
4964:
4937:
4924:
4923:
4919:
4908:
4904:
4897:
4893:
4886:
4872:
4868:
4858:
4856:
4854:
4838:
4834:
4824:
4822:
4820:
4804:
4800:
4771:
4769:
4767:
4751:
4747:
4738:
4734:
4725:
4721:
4712:
4708:
4699:
4695:
4685:
4683:
4681:
4665:
4658:
4646:
4642:
4632:
4630:
4622:
4621:
4617:
4605:
4603:
4599:
4591:(Report). 383.
4582:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4558:
4554:
4544:
4542:
4533:
4532:
4528:
4520:
4509:
4505:
4504:
4500:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4471:
4467:
4459:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4446:. 2013. p. 264.
4438:
4434:
4419:
4415:
4403:
4399:
4398:
4394:
4381:
4380:
4376:
4366:
4364:
4355:
4354:
4350:
4337:
4336:
4321:
4311:
4309:
4304:
4303:
4299:
4294:
4290:
4277:
4276:
4245:
4228:
4227:
4223:
4213:
4211:
4206:
4205:
4201:
4188:
4187:
4183:
4170:
4169:
4165:
4155:
4153:
4146:
4142:
4129:
4128:
4124:
4114:
4112:
4094:
4090:
4080:
4078:
4067:
4063:
4053:
4051:
4049:
4038:
4025:
4018:
4013:
4008:
3974:Hunor and Magor
3944:Magyarab people
3939:Eastern Magyars
3924:Ugric languages
3893:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3876:
3863:
3854:
3843:
3834:
3827:
3818:
3812:
3803:
3790:
3781:
3775:
3766:
3756:
3747:
3740:
3731:
3722:
3713:
3704:
3695:
3686:
3677:
3668:
3659:
3650:
3641:
3632:
3616:
3610:
3603:
3602:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3584:Pannonian Basin
3580:
3571:
3568:
3559:
3558:mark Romanians.
3555:
3546:
3539:
3530:
3519:
3506:
3495:
3489:
3486:
3479:
3467:
3463:
3456:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3446:
3440:
3431:
3425:
3416:
3410:
3401:
3395:
3386:
3380:
3371:
3365:
3356:
3350:
3339:
3338:
3328:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3316:
3315: + 100,000
3312:
3310:
3306:
3304:
3300:
3298:
3291:
3285:
3199:
3198:
3190:
3177:
3162:
3143:
3128:
3113:
3098:
3085:
3060:
3036:
2968:and at 6.3% at
2925:
2897:Pannonian Basin
2803:Northern Europe
2787:Pazyryk culture
2735:Pazyryk culture
2721:belongs to the
2696:Hungarian royal
2624:Scytho-Siberian
2612:Hungarian state
2486:
2480:
2386:Romanianization
2315:
2258:
2156:Louis the Child
2136:
2130:
2089:From the upper
2018:
2007:
1920:Hungarian state
1880:Saint Stephen I
1850:In 862, Prince
1790:
1782:Main articles:
1780:
1724:
1658:Seversky Donets
1638:
1603:
1589:
1559:speakers), and
1553:Iranian peoples
1530:Pazyryk culture
1475:
1470:
1458:Natio Hungarica
1386:Hungarian tribe
1344:Western Siberia
1322:
1320:Name of Hungary
1316:
1117:
1085:
1081:
1056:Magyar jelnyelv
1054:
994:
939:
937:
919:
917:
899:
897:
879:
877:
859:
857:
839:
837:
827:
800:
798:
780:
778:
760:
758:
740:
738:
720:
718:
708:
681:
679:
661:
659:
641:
639:
629:
602:
600:
582:
580:
562:
560:
542:
540:
522:
520:
502:
500:
482:
480:
462:
460:
442:
440:
422:
420:
402:
400:
383:
381:
364:
362:
344:
342:
324:
322:
304:
302:
284:
282:
265:
263:
247:
245:
229:
227:
222:200,000–220,000
210:
208:
207:
202:200,000–250,000
191:
189:
173:
171:
155:
153:
137:
135:
119:
117:
108:
76:
53:
43:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10302:
10292:
10291:
10286:
10281:
10276:
10271:
10266:
10261:
10256:
10251:
10246:
10241:
10236:
10219:
10218:
10216:
10215:
10202:
10196:
10191:
10186:
10181:
10176:
10170:
10168:
10162:
10161:
10159:
10158:
10153:
10148:
10142:
10140:
10134:
10133:
10131:
10130:
10125:
10119:
10117:
10111:
10110:
10108:
10107:
10106:
10105:
10095:
10094:
10093:
10082:
10080:
10074:
10073:
10071:
10070:
10062:
10054:
10046:
10041:
10036:
10031:
10030:
10029:
10026:
10021:
10018:
10009:
10007:
10001:
10000:
9998:
9997:
9992:
9987:
9982:
9977:
9972:
9967:
9962:
9957:
9951:
9949:
9943:
9942:
9940:
9939:
9938:
9937:
9933:Volkhov Chudes
9921:
9920:
9919:
9906:
9901:
9894:
9893:
9892:
9890:Tver Karelians
9882:
9877:
9876:
9875:
9870:
9865:
9860:
9850:
9849:
9848:
9843:
9833:
9824:
9822:
9816:
9815:
9807:
9806:
9799:
9792:
9784:
9775:
9774:
9772:
9771:
9766:
9759:
9758:
9751:
9743:
9742:
9739:
9738:
9735:
9734:
9732:
9731:
9726:
9721:
9716:
9711:
9706:
9701:
9696:
9691:
9686:
9681:
9676:
9671:
9666:
9661:
9656:
9651:
9650:
9649:
9642:
9635:
9628:
9616:
9611:
9606:
9605:
9604:
9597:
9584:
9582:
9576:
9575:
9573:
9572:
9567:
9562:
9557:
9552:
9547:
9542:
9537:
9532:
9527:
9522:
9517:
9512:
9507:
9502:
9501:
9500:
9488:
9483:
9478:
9472:
9466:
9460:
9459:
9456:
9455:
9453:
9452:
9447:
9442:
9437:
9432:
9427:
9422:
9420:Stock exchange
9417:
9412:
9407:
9399:
9394:
9389:
9388:
9387:
9375:
9369:
9363:
9357:
9356:
9353:
9352:
9350:
9349:
9348:
9347:
9338:Prime Minister
9335:
9334:
9333:
9321:
9316:
9315:
9314:
9304:
9299:
9298:
9297:
9287:
9282:
9277:
9272:
9267:
9262:
9257:
9252:
9246:
9240:
9234:
9233:
9230:
9229:
9227:
9226:
9221:
9219:National parks
9216:
9211:
9210:
9209:
9202:
9195:
9183:
9178:
9176:Extreme points
9173:
9168:
9163:
9158:
9152:
9146:
9140:
9139:
9136:
9135:
9133:
9132:
9127:
9122:
9117:
9116:
9115:
9110:
9105:
9095:
9090:
9085:
9080:
9075:
9069:
9066:
9065:
9063:
9062:
9060:Third Republic
9057:
9052:
9047:
9042:
9037:
9032:
9027:
9025:First Republic
9022:
9017:
9012:
9007:
9002:
8997:
8992:
8987:
8982:
8977:
8972:
8967:
8961:
8955:
8949:
8948:
8937:
8936:
8929:
8922:
8914:
8908:
8907:
8905:(in Hungarian)
8899:
8894:
8851:
8840:
8839:
8834:
8822:
8817:
8812:
8805:
8804:External links
8802:
8778:
8777:
8761:
8704:
8698:
8683:
8654:
8643:
8637:
8616:
8572:Human Genetics
8560:
8557:
8554:
8553:
8544:
8526:
8517:
8497:
8431:
8406:
8394:
8376:
8345:(1): 164–172.
8329:
8294:
8285:
8258:(4): 519–534.
8241:
8214:(4): 883–894.
8198:
8169:(1): 602–603.
8149:
8137:
8130:
8104:
8083:
8055:
8048:
8030:
7981:
7931:10.1101/250688
7895:
7868:(1): 201–214.
7851:
7838:
7773:
7710:
7661:
7596:
7551:Genome Biology
7536:
7497:(4): 890–904.
7476:
7419:
7385:
7319:
7259:
7202:
7162:
7143:
7112:(2): 349–359.
7106:Human Genetics
7092:
7090:, p. 386.
7068:
7035:
7028:
7005:
6946:
6922:
6903:
6891:
6866:
6849:
6824:
6817:
6795:
6781:
6769:"Introduction"
6759:
6740:
6711:
6681:
6674:
6648:
6641:
6611:
6579:
6557:
6530:
6510:
6503:
6483:
6474:
6459:
6433:
6416:
6402:
6382:
6375:
6353:
6324:
6259:
6196:
6189:
6163:
6114:
6093:
6033:
5975:
5912:
5857:
5831:
5809:
5775:
5762:
5755:
5727:
5670:
5642:
5616:
5609:
5583:
5576:
5544:
5537:
5506:
5446:
5420:
5413:
5374:
5367:
5339:
5317:
5301:
5258:
5251:
5243:Bath, Somerset
5226:
5212:
5192:
5177:
5155:
5087:
5041:
5021:
4935:
4917:
4914:. p. 273.
4902:
4891:
4884:
4866:
4852:
4832:
4818:
4798:
4786:Pecheneg realm
4765:
4745:
4732:
4726:Alan W. Ertl,
4719:
4706:
4693:
4679:
4656:
4640:
4615:
4571:
4552:
4526:
4514:www.ikl.org.pl
4498:
4480:
4465:
4448:
4432:
4413:
4392:
4374:
4348:
4345:. 3 July 2015.
4319:
4308:. CBS StatLine
4297:
4288:
4243:
4221:
4199:
4181:
4163:
4140:
4122:
4088:
4077:(in Hungarian)
4061:
4047:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3904:Central Europe
3900:
3899:
3898:
3895:Hungary portal
3882:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3868:folk dance in
3864:
3857:
3855:
3851:Vonyarcvashegy
3844:
3837:
3835:
3828:
3821:
3819:
3814:The Hungarian
3813:
3806:
3804:
3791:
3784:
3782:
3776:
3769:
3767:
3757:
3750:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3741:
3734:
3732:
3725:
3723:
3716:
3714:
3707:
3705:
3698:
3696:
3689:
3687:
3680:
3678:
3671:
3669:
3662:
3660:
3653:
3651:
3644:
3642:
3635:
3631:
3628:
3612:Main article:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3604:
3597:
3591:
3581:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3562:
3560:
3556:
3549:
3547:
3540:
3533:
3531:
3527:Emil Petrovici
3520:
3513:
3508:
3507:
3470:
3468:
3461:
3455:
3452:
3448:
3447:
3441:
3434:
3432:
3426:
3419:
3417:
3411:
3404:
3402:
3396:
3389:
3387:
3381:
3374:
3372:
3366:
3359:
3357:
3351:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3323:
3321: + 10,000
3317:
3311:
3305:
3299:
3287:Main article:
3284:
3281:
3267:in Serbia and
3261:Banat Swabians
3235:Zipser Germans
3195:
3194:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3167:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3148:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3133:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3090:
3089:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3048:Sarmatian-like
3035:
3032:
3024:Haplogroup R1a
2924:
2921:
2826:Ural Mountains
2799:Eastern Europe
2749:specimen from
2542:late Neolithic
2479:
2476:
2437:Transcarpathia
2331:Roman Catholic
2314:
2311:
2257:
2254:
2233:(contemporary
2196:Western Europe
2132:Main article:
2129:
2126:
2005:
1972:Buda Chronicle
1928:Pontic steppes
1913:Sargat culture
1864:Western Europe
1820:Eastern Franks
1818:(c. 822), the
1779:
1776:
1762:(Germany) and
1723:
1720:
1672:Saltov culture
1637:
1634:
1599:Main article:
1588:
1585:
1545:Turkic peoples
1491:Ural Mountains
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1340:Ural Mountains
1315:
1312:
1288:Suceava County
1241:United Kingdom
1069:
1068:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1024:
1023:
974:
973:
969:
968:
962:
961:
957:
956:
953:
952:
949:
933:
932:
929:
913:
912:
909:
893:
892:
889:
873:
872:
869:
853:
852:
849:
833:
832:
829:
828:
825:
818:
817:
814:
813:
810:
794:
793:
790:
774:
773:
770:
754:
753:
750:
734:
733:
730:
714:
713:
710:
709:
706:
699:
698:
695:
694:
691:
675:
674:
671:
655:
654:
651:
635:
634:
631:
630:
627:
620:
619:
616:
615:
612:
596:
595:
592:
576:
575:
572:
556:
555:
552:
536:
535:
532:
516:
515:
512:
496:
495:
492:
476:
475:
472:
456:
455:
452:
436:
435:
432:
416:
415:
412:
396:
395:
392:
378:
377:
374:
358:
357:
354:
338:
337:
334:
331:Czech Republic
318:
317:
314:
298:
297:
294:
278:
277:
274:
260:
259:
256:
242:
241:
238:
224:
223:
220:
217:United Kingdom
204:
203:
200:
186:
185:
182:
168:
167:
164:
150:
149:
146:
132:
131:
128:
114:
113:
110:
109:
106:
99:
98:
96:
92:
91:
73:
72:
68:
67:
60:
59:
55:
54:
41:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10301:
10290:
10289:Ugric peoples
10287:
10285:
10282:
10280:
10277:
10275:
10272:
10270:
10267:
10265:
10262:
10260:
10257:
10255:
10252:
10250:
10247:
10245:
10242:
10240:
10237:
10235:
10232:
10231:
10229:
10211:
10206:
10203:
10200:
10197:
10195:
10192:
10190:
10187:
10185:
10182:
10180:
10177:
10175:
10172:
10171:
10169:
10167:
10163:
10157:
10154:
10152:
10149:
10147:
10144:
10143:
10141:
10139:
10135:
10129:
10126:
10124:
10121:
10120:
10118:
10116:
10112:
10104:
10101:
10100:
10099:
10096:
10092:
10089:
10088:
10087:
10084:
10083:
10081:
10079:
10075:
10068:
10067:
10063:
10060:
10059:
10055:
10052:
10051:
10047:
10045:
10042:
10040:
10037:
10035:
10032:
10027:
10025:
10022:
10019:
10016:
10015:
10014:
10011:
10010:
10008:
10006:
10002:
9996:
9993:
9991:
9988:
9986:
9985:Southern Sámi
9983:
9981:
9978:
9976:
9973:
9971:
9970:Northern Sámi
9968:
9966:
9963:
9961:
9958:
9956:
9953:
9952:
9950:
9948:
9944:
9935:
9934:
9930:
9929:
9927:
9926:
9922:
9917:
9916:
9912:
9911:
9910:
9907:
9905:
9902:
9900:
9899:
9895:
9891:
9888:
9887:
9886:
9883:
9881:
9878:
9874:
9871:
9869:
9866:
9864:
9863:Ingrian Finns
9861:
9859:
9856:
9855:
9854:
9851:
9847:
9844:
9842:
9839:
9838:
9837:
9834:
9831:
9830:
9826:
9825:
9823:
9821:
9817:
9813:
9805:
9800:
9798:
9793:
9791:
9786:
9785:
9782:
9770:
9767:
9765:
9762:
9761:
9756:
9752:
9749:
9745:
9744:
9740:
9730:
9727:
9725:
9722:
9720:
9717:
9715:
9712:
9710:
9707:
9705:
9702:
9700:
9697:
9695:
9692:
9690:
9687:
9685:
9682:
9680:
9677:
9675:
9672:
9670:
9667:
9665:
9662:
9660:
9657:
9655:
9652:
9647:
9643:
9640:
9636:
9633:
9629:
9626:
9622:
9621:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9612:
9610:
9607:
9602:
9598:
9595:
9591:
9590:
9589:
9586:
9585:
9583:
9581:
9577:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9563:
9561:
9558:
9556:
9553:
9551:
9548:
9546:
9543:
9541:
9538:
9536:
9533:
9531:
9528:
9526:
9523:
9521:
9518:
9516:
9513:
9511:
9508:
9506:
9505:Family policy
9503:
9498:
9494:
9493:
9492:
9489:
9487:
9484:
9482:
9479:
9477:
9474:
9473:
9470:
9467:
9465:
9461:
9451:
9448:
9446:
9443:
9441:
9438:
9436:
9433:
9431:
9428:
9426:
9423:
9421:
9418:
9416:
9413:
9411:
9408:
9403:
9400:
9398:
9395:
9393:
9390:
9385:
9381:
9380:
9379:
9376:
9374:
9371:
9370:
9367:
9364:
9362:
9358:
9346:
9341:
9340:
9339:
9336:
9332:
9327:
9326:
9325:
9322:
9320:
9317:
9313:
9310:
9309:
9308:
9305:
9303:
9300:
9296:
9293:
9292:
9291:
9288:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9248:
9247:
9244:
9241:
9239:
9235:
9225:
9222:
9220:
9217:
9215:
9212:
9207:
9203:
9200:
9196:
9193:
9189:
9188:
9187:
9184:
9182:
9179:
9177:
9174:
9172:
9169:
9167:
9164:
9162:
9159:
9157:
9154:
9153:
9150:
9147:
9145:
9141:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9123:
9121:
9118:
9114:
9111:
9109:
9106:
9104:
9101:
9100:
9099:
9096:
9094:
9093:Árpád dynasty
9091:
9089:
9086:
9084:
9081:
9079:
9076:
9074:
9071:
9070:
9067:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9051:
9048:
9046:
9043:
9041:
9038:
9036:
9033:
9031:
9028:
9026:
9023:
9021:
9018:
9016:
9013:
9011:
9008:
9006:
9005:Rákóczi's War
9003:
9001:
8998:
8996:
8993:
8991:
8988:
8986:
8983:
8981:
8978:
8976:
8973:
8971:
8968:
8966:
8963:
8962:
8959:
8956:
8954:
8950:
8946:
8942:
8935:
8930:
8928:
8923:
8921:
8916:
8915:
8912:
8903:
8900:
8898:
8895:
8891:
8885:
8877:
8873:
8869:
8865:
8861:
8857:
8852:
8850:
8847:
8846:
8845:
8844:
8838:
8835:
8833:
8829:
8826:
8823:
8821:
8818:
8816:
8813:
8811:
8808:
8807:
8801:
8800:
8798:
8794:
8789:
8786:
8784:
8774:
8770:
8766:
8762:
8758:
8754:
8749:
8744:
8740:
8736:
8732:
8728:
8724:
8720:
8716:
8715:
8710:
8705:
8701:
8699:9781400851522
8695:
8691:
8690:
8684:
8682:
8681:963-9545-10-4
8678:
8674:
8670:
8666:
8662:
8658:
8657:Károly Kocsis
8655:
8652:
8651:963-05-6722-9
8648:
8644:
8640:
8634:
8630:
8625:
8624:
8617:
8606:
8602:
8598:
8594:
8590:
8586:
8582:
8578:
8574:
8573:
8568:
8563:
8562:
8548:
8541:. 9 May 2017.
8540:
8536:
8530:
8521:
8514:
8513:963-05-7959-6
8510:
8506:
8501:
8493:
8489:
8484:
8479:
8475:
8471:
8467:
8463:
8459:
8455:
8451:
8447:
8443:
8435:
8426:
8421:
8413:
8411:
8404:
8398:
8390:
8386:
8380:
8372:
8368:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8348:
8344:
8340:
8333:
8325:
8321:
8317:
8313:
8309:
8305:
8298:
8289:
8281:
8277:
8273:
8269:
8265:
8261:
8257:
8253:
8245:
8237:
8233:
8229:
8225:
8221:
8217:
8213:
8209:
8202:
8194:
8190:
8186:
8182:
8177:
8172:
8168:
8164:
8160:
8153:
8146:
8141:
8133:
8131:9780520310773
8127:
8123:
8119:
8115:
8108:
8100:
8094:
8086:
8080:
8075:
8070:
8066:
8059:
8051:
8045:
8041:
8034:
8026:
8022:
8017:
8012:
8008:
8004:
8000:
7996:
7992:
7985:
7977:
7973:
7969:
7965:
7960:
7955:
7951:
7947:
7942:
7937:
7932:
7927:
7923:
7919:
7915:
7911:
7907:
7899:
7891:
7887:
7883:
7879:
7875:
7871:
7867:
7863:
7855:
7848:
7842:
7834:
7830:
7826:
7822:
7817:
7812:
7808:
7804:
7800:
7796:
7792:
7788:
7784:
7777:
7769:
7765:
7760:
7755:
7751:
7747:
7742:
7737:
7733:
7729:
7725:
7717:
7715:
7706:
7702:
7697:
7692:
7688:
7684:
7680:
7676:
7672:
7665:
7657:
7653:
7648:
7643:
7639:
7635:
7631:
7627:
7623:
7619:
7615:
7611:
7607:
7600:
7592:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7574:
7570:
7565:
7560:
7556:
7552:
7548:
7540:
7532:
7528:
7523:
7518:
7514:
7510:
7505:
7500:
7496:
7492:
7488:
7480:
7472:
7468:
7463:
7458:
7454:
7450:
7446:
7442:
7438:
7434:
7430:
7423:
7416:
7412:
7408:
7404:
7400:
7396:
7389:
7381:
7377:
7373:
7369:
7365:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7347:
7343:
7339:
7335:
7331:
7323:
7315:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7297:
7293:
7289:
7285:
7281:
7277:
7273:
7266:
7264:
7255:
7251:
7247:
7243:
7238:
7233:
7229:
7225:
7221:
7217:
7213:
7206:
7198:
7194:
7190:
7186:
7182:
7178:
7174:
7166:
7158:
7154:
7147:
7140:
7135:
7131:
7127:
7123:
7119:
7115:
7111:
7107:
7103:
7096:
7089:
7086:, p. 7;
7085:
7082:, p. 2;
7081:
7077:
7072:
7064:
7060:
7056:
7052:
7051:
7046:
7039:
7031:
7025:
7018:
7017:
7009:
7001:
6997:
6993:
6989:
6984:
6979:
6975:
6971:
6968:(13): 38–41.
6967:
6963:
6962:
6957:
6950:
6942:
6938:
6931:
6929:
6927:
6918:
6914:
6907:
6900:
6895:
6879:
6873:
6871:
6863:
6859:
6856:Raffay Ernő:
6853:
6846:
6842:
6841:New York City
6838:
6834:
6828:
6820:
6814:
6809:
6808:
6799:
6784:
6778:
6774:
6770:
6763:
6755:
6751:
6744:
6728:
6724:
6723:
6715:
6699:
6695:
6691:
6685:
6677:
6671:
6664:
6663:
6655:
6653:
6644:
6638:
6634:
6633:
6625:
6618:
6616:
6608:
6604:
6600:
6596:
6592:
6590:
6583:
6567:
6561:
6545:
6541:
6534:
6526:
6525:
6520:
6514:
6506:
6500:
6496:
6495:
6487:
6478:
6470:
6466:
6462:
6456:
6452:
6448:
6444:
6437:
6429:
6428:
6424:Kalti, Mark.
6420:
6405:
6399:
6395:
6394:
6386:
6378:
6376:963-482-175-8
6372:
6368:
6364:
6357:
6338:
6336:
6328:
6320:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6292:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6276:
6268:
6266:
6264:
6255:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6237:
6233:
6229:
6225:
6221:
6217:
6213:
6205:
6203:
6201:
6192:
6186:
6179:
6178:
6170:
6168:
6159:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6141:
6137:
6133:
6129:
6125:
6118:
6110:
6106:
6100:
6098:
6089:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6071:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6053:
6049:
6045:
6037:
6029:
6025:
6020:
6015:
6011:
6007:
6003:
5999:
5995:
5991:
5987:
5979:
5971:
5967:
5963:
5959:
5955:
5951:
5947:
5943:
5939:
5935:
5931:
5923:
5921:
5919:
5917:
5908:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5880:
5876:
5872:
5864:
5862:
5853:
5845:
5838:
5836:
5816:
5812:
5806:
5798:
5794:
5793:
5786:
5784:
5782:
5780:
5772:
5766:
5758:
5756:0-88033-479-7
5752:
5748:
5743:
5736:
5734:
5732:
5723:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5705:
5701:
5697:
5693:
5689:
5685:
5681:
5674:
5666:
5662:
5655:
5653:
5651:
5649:
5647:
5638:
5634:
5627:
5625:
5623:
5621:
5612:
5606:
5599:
5598:
5590:
5588:
5579:
5577:9786155209185
5573:
5566:
5565:
5557:
5555:
5553:
5551:
5549:
5540:
5534:
5526:
5522:
5521:
5513:
5511:
5502:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5464:
5460:
5453:
5451:
5442:
5438:
5437:
5429:
5427:
5425:
5416:
5410:
5406:
5402:
5394:
5387:
5385:
5383:
5381:
5379:
5370:
5364:
5357:
5356:
5348:
5346:
5344:
5327:
5321:
5315:
5311:
5305:
5289:
5285:
5281:
5277:
5271:
5269:
5267:
5265:
5263:
5254:
5252:0-75258-227-5
5248:
5244:
5240:
5239:World History
5236:
5235:Black, Jeremy
5230:
5215:
5209:
5205:
5204:
5196:
5189:. p. 96.
5188:
5181:
5173:
5169:
5165:
5159:
5151:
5147:
5143:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5125:
5121:
5117:
5113:
5109:
5102:
5100:
5098:
5096:
5094:
5092:
5083:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5065:
5061:
5057:
5050:
5048:
5046:
5034:
5033:
5025:
5019:
5017:
5012:
5005:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4962:
4960:
4958:
4956:
4954:
4952:
4950:
4948:
4946:
4944:
4942:
4940:
4931:
4927:
4921:
4913:
4906:
4900:
4895:
4887:
4881:
4877:
4870:
4855:
4849:
4845:
4844:
4836:
4821:
4815:
4811:
4810:
4802:
4795:
4792:(or even the
4791:
4787:
4783:
4782:
4768:
4762:
4758:
4757:
4749:
4742:
4736:
4729:
4723:
4716:
4710:
4703:
4697:
4682:
4676:
4672:
4671:
4663:
4661:
4653:
4649:
4644:
4629:
4625:
4619:
4613:1% threshold.
4598:
4594:
4590:
4589:
4581:
4575:
4567:
4563:
4556:
4540:
4536:
4530:
4519:
4515:
4508:
4502:
4494:
4490:
4484:
4476:
4469:
4458:
4457:"Sefstat2022"
4452:
4445:
4441:
4436:
4428:
4424:
4417:
4409:
4402:
4396:
4388:
4384:
4378:
4362:
4358:
4352:
4344:
4340:
4334:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4326:
4324:
4307:
4301:
4292:
4284:
4280:
4274:
4272:
4270:
4268:
4266:
4264:
4262:
4260:
4258:
4256:
4254:
4252:
4250:
4248:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4225:
4209:
4203:
4195:
4191:
4185:
4177:
4173:
4167:
4151:
4144:
4136:
4132:
4126:
4111:
4107:
4103:
4099:
4092:
4076:
4072:
4065:
4050:
4044:
4036:
4032:
4031:
4023:
4021:
4016:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3929:Khanty people
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3885:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3861:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3841:
3836:
3832:
3825:
3820:
3817:
3810:
3805:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3788:
3783:
3779:
3773:
3768:
3765:
3761:
3754:
3749:
3748:
3738:
3733:
3729:
3724:
3720:
3715:
3711:
3706:
3702:
3697:
3693:
3688:
3684:
3679:
3675:
3670:
3666:
3661:
3657:
3652:
3648:
3643:
3639:
3634:
3633:
3627:
3625:
3621:
3620:Horse culture
3615:
3589:
3585:
3578:
3573:
3566:
3561:
3553:
3548:
3544:
3537:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3517:
3512:
3511:
3504:
3501:
3493:
3483:
3477:
3476:
3469:
3460:
3459:
3444:
3438:
3433:
3429:
3423:
3418:
3414:
3408:
3403:
3399:
3393:
3388:
3384:
3378:
3373:
3369:
3363:
3358:
3354:
3348:
3343:
3342:
3333:
3327: + 1,000
3303: Hungary
3295:
3290:
3280:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3250:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3187:
3183:
3174:
3172:
3168:
3159:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3125:
3123:
3119:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3095:
3091:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3070:
3065:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3040:
3034:Autosomal DNA
3031:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2997:Árpád dynasty
2994:
2990:
2986:
2985:Bashkortostan
2982:
2978:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2946:, (including
2945:
2940:
2938:
2932:
2928:
2920:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2841:Tarim mummies
2837:
2836:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2791:Baraba region
2788:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2668:Árpád dynasty
2665:
2664:Árpád dynasty
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2642:. During the
2641:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2507:
2503:
2498:
2490:
2485:
2475:
2473:
2472:voter turnout
2469:
2465:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2396:). After the
2395:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2382:Slovakization
2378:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2360:
2355:
2347:
2343:
2341:
2337:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2319:Magyarization
2306:
2298:
2294:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2253:
2246:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2140:
2135:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1982:Árpád dynasty
1979:
1978:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1959:
1958:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1944:Árpád dynasty
1941:
1940:Árpád dynasty
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1914:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1848:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1816:Avar Kaganate
1812:
1810:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1789:
1785:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1764:Great Moravia
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1740:Dnieper River
1737:
1733:
1729:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
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1647:
1646:Bashkortostan
1643:
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1531:
1527:
1523:
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1500:
1496:
1495:Uralic family
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1431:
1430:Turkic people
1427:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1413:
1410:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1389:
1387:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1349:Prior to the
1347:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1327:
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1311:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
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1270:
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1258:
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1250:
1246:
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1238:
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1225:United States
1222:
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1182:
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1158:
1154:
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1139:
1134:
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1122:
1121:
1112:
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1022:
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997:Protestantism
992:
988:
987:Protestantism
984:
980:
975:
970:
967:
963:
958:
950:
947:
934:
930:
927:
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874:
870:
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850:
847:
834:
830:
823:
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795:
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788:
775:
772:40,000–50,000
771:
768:
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751:
748:
735:
731:
728:
715:
711:
707:South America
704:
700:
692:
689:
676:
672:
669:
656:
652:
649:
648:United States
636:
632:
628:North America
625:
621:
613:
610:
597:
593:
590:
577:
573:
570:
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553:
550:
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533:
530:
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513:
510:
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493:
490:
477:
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470:
457:
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450:
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430:
417:
413:
410:
397:
393:
391:
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375:
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355:
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335:
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315:
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295:
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261:
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243:
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237:
225:
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218:
205:
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199:
187:
183:
181:
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163:
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147:
145:
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129:
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100:
97:
93:
89:
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80:
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69:
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19:
18:Magyar people
10137:
10064:
10056:
10048:
10028:Eastern Mari
9931:
9923:
9913:
9896:
9873:Tornedalians
9858:Forest Finns
9827:
9820:Baltic Finns
9588:Architecture
9555:Prostitution
9524:
9486:Demographics
9450:Unemployment
9440:Trade unions
9275:Intelligence
9270:Human rights
9255:Constitution
9130:Coat of arms
9088:List of wars
9073:Christianity
9040:World War II
8975:Principality
8884:cite journal
8859:
8855:
8842:
8841:
8790:
8780:
8779:
8772:
8768:
8718:
8712:
8688:
8622:
8610:29 September
8608:. Retrieved
8576:
8570:
8547:
8538:
8529:
8520:
8504:
8500:
8449:
8445:
8434:
8397:
8388:
8379:
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8332:
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8211:
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8064:
8058:
8039:
8033:
7998:
7994:
7984:
7913:
7909:
7898:
7865:
7861:
7854:
7841:
7790:
7786:
7776:
7731:
7728:BMC Genetics
7727:
7678:
7674:
7664:
7613:
7609:
7599:
7554:
7550:
7539:
7494:
7490:
7479:
7436:
7432:
7422:
7414:
7405:(1): 75–95.
7402:
7398:
7388:
7337:
7333:
7322:
7282:(1): 46–54.
7279:
7275:
7219:
7215:
7205:
7183:(1): 58–61.
7180:
7176:
7165:
7156:
7146:
7137:
7109:
7105:
7095:
7084:Lendvai 2003
7071:
7054:
7049:
7038:
7015:
7008:
6965:
6959:
6949:
6940:
6916:
6906:
6894:
6882:. Retrieved
6861:
6857:
6852:
6836:
6832:
6827:
6806:
6798:
6786:. Retrieved
6772:
6762:
6754:the original
6743:
6731:. Retrieved
6729:. p. 21
6721:
6714:
6702:. Retrieved
6697:
6684:
6661:
6631:
6586:
6582:
6570:. Retrieved
6560:
6548:. Retrieved
6544:the original
6533:
6522:
6513:
6493:
6486:
6477:
6446:
6442:
6436:
6426:
6419:
6407:. Retrieved
6392:
6385:
6366:
6362:
6356:
6344:. Retrieved
6334:
6327:
6282:
6278:
6222:(1): 16569.
6219:
6215:
6176:
6131:
6127:
6117:
6108:
6051:
6048:BMC Genetics
6047:
6036:
5996:(1): 16569.
5993:
5989:
5978:
5937:
5933:
5878:
5874:
5851:
5822:. Retrieved
5815:the original
5796:
5791:
5770:
5765:
5745:
5690:(1): 19210.
5687:
5683:
5673:
5664:
5636:
5596:
5563:
5524:
5519:
5469:(1): 19210.
5466:
5462:
5440:
5435:
5404:
5400:
5354:
5330:. Retrieved
5320:
5314:Google Books
5304:
5292:. Retrieved
5288:the original
5279:
5238:
5229:
5217:. Retrieved
5202:
5195:
5186:
5180:
5171:
5158:
5115:
5111:
5063:
5059:
5031:
5024:
5008:
4975:
4971:
4929:
4920:
4911:
4905:
4894:
4875:
4869:
4857:. Retrieved
4842:
4835:
4823:. Retrieved
4808:
4801:
4779:
4770:. Retrieved
4755:
4748:
4735:
4722:
4709:
4696:
4684:. Retrieved
4669:
4651:
4643:
4631:. Retrieved
4627:
4618:
4604:. Retrieved
4597:the original
4586:
4574:
4565:
4555:
4543:. Retrieved
4539:the original
4529:
4518:the original
4513:
4501:
4493:the original
4483:
4468:
4451:
4435:
4426:
4416:
4407:
4395:
4386:
4377:
4365:. Retrieved
4351:
4342:
4310:. Retrieved
4300:
4291:
4282:
4238:the original
4233:
4224:
4212:. Retrieved
4202:
4193:
4184:
4176:the original
4166:
4154:. Retrieved
4143:
4134:
4125:
4113:. Retrieved
4101:
4091:
4079:. Retrieved
4074:
4064:
4052:. Retrieved
4034:
4029:
3934:Mansi people
3797:Transylvania
3617:
3587:
3496:
3487:
3472:
3331:
3247:
3233:such as the
3200:
3041:
3037:
3013:
2981:Abzelilovsky
2974:
2941:
2937:Balto-Slavic
2933:
2929:
2926:
2905:R1b1a1b1a1a1
2890:
2873:
2857:Volga Tatars
2853:
2838:
2834:
2830:Karayakupovo
2815:
2807:Central Asia
2783:Volga Tatars
2716:
2658:and his son
2620:seven tribes
2594:people, and
2511:
2506:Mansi people
2461:
2417:Transylvania
2406:
2401:
2390:Transylvania
2379:
2364:
2316:
2278:
2259:
2251:
2219:Szent István
2218:
2211:Christianity
2204:
2150:army in the
2145:
2107:
2095:Transdanubia
2088:
2071:
2057:
2020:
2012:
2001:
2000:
1992:
1990:
1975:
1961:
1955:
1934:and his son
1917:
1892:Volga Tatars
1868:Vienna Basin
1849:
1832:Transylvania
1824:Transdanubia
1813:
1806:
1755:
1725:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1704:Kürt-Gyarmat
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1688:seven tribes
1662:
1639:
1627:Indo-Iranian
1604:
1573:
1555:(especially
1547:(presumably
1538:
1487:Ugric people
1483:Ugric family
1479:ethnogenesis
1476:
1455:
1450:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1434:
1415:
1390:
1383:
1372:
1366:
1357:east of the
1348:
1329:
1323:
1280:Transylvania
1278:(in eastern
1273:
1189:
1153:Magyarország
1151:(Hungarian:
1145:ethnic group
1077:
1073:
1072:
1066:Magyarország
1051:Magyar nyelv
1001:Unitarianism
979:Christianity
926:South Africa
288:
66:14.5 million
42:Ethnic group
39:
32:
10208: [
10017:Meadow Mari
10005:Volga Finns
9960:Kildin Sámi
9704:Spa culture
9535:Irredentism
9373:Agriculture
9302:Nationality
9020:World War I
8765:Szűcs, Jenő
8583:: 369–373.
8310:: 121–126.
8001:(1): 1–14.
7681:(1): 1–14.
7616:(1): 7786.
5310:Tibor Frank
5164:Nora Berend
4978:(7): 1345.
4790:Siret River
4363:. July 2008
3949:Jász people
3590:). Legend:
3255:1526 until
3185:Other known
3050:, and ~15%
3001:Afghanistan
2751:Krasnoyarsk
2634:during the
2632:steppe zone
2468:citizenship
2443:(primarily
2270:Middle Ages
2164:Charlemagne
2064:Carpathians
1736:Carpathians
1642:Volga River
1551:speakers),
1282:as well as
1021:irreligious
1005:Lutheranism
886:New Zealand
311:Netherlands
291:Switzerland
10228:Categories
10138:Hungarians
10115:Ob-Ugrians
10091:Izhma Komi
9980:Skolt Sámi
9955:Inari Sámi
9719:Television
9684:Literature
9674:Inventions
9525:Hungarians
9515:Healthcare
9405:(currency)
9307:Parliament
9108:Holy Crown
7734:(1): 110.
7557:(1): 139.
7080:Engel 2001
7076:Szűcs 1999
6862:JATE Kiadó
6443:Árpád népe
6346:9 November
5881:(3): 460.
4885:0880334797
4825:9 February
4115:23 January
4081:24 January
4075:Székelyhon
4011:References
3870:Skorenovac
3793:Kalotaszeg
3215:West Slavs
2989:Volga-Ural
2977:Burzyansky
2909:R1a1a1b2a2
2795:Inner Asia
2747:Bronze Age
2648:Sarmatians
2636:Bronze Age
2571:Sarmatians
2559:Cimmerians
2550:Bronze Age
2518:Bronze Age
2482:See also:
2462:There was
2453:Burgenland
2329:by mainly
2080:Bulgarians
2037:Bulgarians
1904:Bronze Age
1884:Sarmatians
1828:Bulgarians
1748:Varangians
1682:) and the
1518:Sarmatians
1391:The Greek
1306:, and the
1147:native to
1074:Hungarians
995:Minority:
977:Majority:
569:Luxembourg
86:9,632,744
46:Hungarians
33:Hungarians
10184:Nganasans
10156:Magyarabs
10103:Besermans
10058:Meshchera
10020:Hill Mari
9975:Pite Sámi
9965:Lule Sámi
9898:Livonians
9885:Karelians
9880:Izhorians
9836:Estonians
9829:Bjarmians
9664:Festivals
9545:Languages
9491:Education
9445:Transport
9392:Companies
9324:President
9260:Elections
9214:Mountains
9186:Hydrology
9144:Geography
8783:this edit
8725:: 16569.
8721:(16569).
8605:220881540
8515:, p. 134)
8474:0028-0836
8193:208581616
8185:1875-1768
7950:1932-6203
7833:248358873
7807:2513-843X
7750:1471-2156
7638:2045-2322
7573:1474-760X
7513:0092-8674
7453:2513-843X
7411:1333-2546
7380:255750546
7364:0960-9822
7296:2500-0462
7246:0960-9822
7134:253981964
7063:0021-1486
7000:250443139
6572:22 August
6550:22 August
6469:1417-6114
6070:1471-2156
5970:246191357
5332:22 August
5326:"Magyars"
5150:210168662
5142:1866-9565
5118:(1): 31.
5082:0972-3757
5016:CC BY 4.0
4772:28 August
4633:5 October
4606:14 August
4110:2729-8663
4054:9 January
3853:, Hungary
3490:June 2024
3265:Vojvodina
3243:Romanians
3225:but also
3207:Pechenegs
3080:Uncertain
3009:Tien Shan
2993:R1a-SUR51
2813:samples.
2811:Sintashta
2743:Nganasans
2588:Pechenegs
2530:Neolithic
2457:Prekmurje
2429:Vojvodina
2402:Ratkó era
2394:Vojvodina
2334:left the
2229:) to the
2215:Stephen I
2158:, son of
2128:After 900
2047:. Prince
2033:Pechenegs
1954:like the
1900:turkified
1744:Pechenegs
1668:Khaganate
1654:Don River
1650:Perm Krai
1409:Byzantine
1265:Hungarian
1257:Argentina
1253:Australia
1136:), are a
1125:Hungarian
991:Calvinism
966:Hungarian
960:Languages
866:Australia
787:Venezuela
767:Argentina
653:1,437,694
130:1,002,151
10194:Kamasins
10166:Samoyeds
10151:Székelys
10078:Permians
10034:Mordvins
9995:Ume Sámi
9990:Ter Sámi
9915:Kreevins
9904:Vepsians
9764:Category
9669:Folklore
9646:Sausages
9565:Religion
9425:Taxation
9410:Industry
9290:Military
9238:Politics
9161:Counties
9120:Nobility
9103:Monarchs
9083:Military
9078:Economic
8970:Pannonia
8945:articles
8876:11246468
8828:Archived
8757:31719606
8597:32734383
8581:Springer
8579:(7705).
8492:34707286
8371:32636469
8324:25468443
8280:13217908
8272:18373723
8236:10107799
8228:28409264
8093:citation
8025:27965293
7976:90886641
7968:30335830
7910:PLOS ONE
7882:27803981
7825:37599704
7816:10432883
7768:29297395
7705:27965293
7656:31127140
7591:30241495
7531:33157037
7471:35663512
7372:36638796
7314:36923476
7305:10009483
7254:36513080
7197:35809778
7126:32734383
6992:35820383
6884:19 April
6704:3 August
6692:(1962).
6601:, 2005.
6595:Budapest
6568:. Zum.de
6451:Budapest
6319:30335830
6279:PLOS ONE
6254:31719606
6158:35531973
6088:29297395
6028:31719606
5962:35617951
5907:33807111
5722:34584164
5501:34584164
5018:license.
5004:37510249
4995:10379071
4624:"Magyar"
4367:16 March
4312:14 March
3881:See also
3523:toponyms
3475:disputed
3283:Diaspora
3273:Armenian
3249:Ottomans
3122:Germanic
3044:Bashkirs
2966:Székelys
2956:Székelys
2917:Székelys
2879:Székelys
2818:Bashkirs
2644:Iron Age
2600:Xiongnus
2563:Scythian
2546:Iron Age
2534:Anatolia
2445:Slavonia
2421:Slovakia
2327:Délvidék
2266:Romanian
2239:Portugal
2188:Provence
2180:Burgundy
2168:Augsburg
2148:Bavarian
2118:Székelys
2114:Przemyśl
2112:city of
2101:and the
2053:Pannonia
2009:Anonymus
2006:—
1986:Aba clan
1984:and the
1896:Bashkirs
1878:of King
1772:Bulgaria
1738:and the
1541:Bashkirs
1453:'king'.
1292:Bukovina
1276:Székelys
1217:Slovenia
1197:Slovakia
1185:Estonian
1173:language
1169:ancestry
1129:magyarok
1047:Language
1042:Magyarok
985:), also
981:(mostly
972:Religion
609:Portugal
409:Slovenia
144:Slovakia
52:Magyarok
10189:Selkups
10146:Csángós
10098:Udmurts
10050:Meryans
10044:Mokshas
9748:Outline
9724:Theatre
9714:Symbols
9659:Fashion
9619:Cuisine
9594:Castles
9580:Culture
9464:Society
9435:Tourism
9402:Forint
9361:Economy
9312:Speaker
9250:Cabinet
9224:Regions
9192:Islands
9181:Geology
9171:Climate
8953:History
8941:Hungary
8748:6851379
8727:Bibcode
8559:Sources
8483:8580821
8454:Bibcode
8420:bioRxiv
8362:7809292
8116:: 386.
8016:5204334
7959:6193700
7926:bioRxiv
7918:Bibcode
7890:4099313
7793:: e23.
7759:5751809
7696:5204334
7647:6534673
7618:Bibcode
7582:6151024
7522:7664836
7462:7612788
7439:: E20.
7342:Bibcode
7224:Bibcode
6970:Bibcode
6733:6 March
6599:Hungary
6409:10 July
6310:6193700
6287:Bibcode
6245:6851379
6224:Bibcode
6149:9523560
6079:5751809
6019:6851379
5998:Bibcode
5942:Bibcode
5898:8005002
5824:29 June
5773:, p. 29
5713:8478946
5692:Bibcode
5492:8478946
5471:Bibcode
5294:6 March
5120:Bibcode
4859:15 June
4214:1 March
4156:23 June
3866:Csárdás
3801:Romania
3764:Hungary
3608:Culture
3219:Germans
3211:Jazones
3189:
3176:
3171:Romance
3161:
3142:
3127:
3112:
3097:
3084:
2987:in the
2970:Csángós
2887:Székely
2883:Hungary
2875:Hunnish
2869:Bulgars
2712:Turkish
2688:Scythia
2680:Székely
2676:Hungary
2538:Yamnaya
2449:Austria
2447:), and
2441:Croatia
2433:Ukraine
2413:Romania
2340:poverty
2286:Germans
2274:Ottoman
2227:Denmark
2166:, near
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1803:, 1358)
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