79:
including sedition, possession of unregistered firearms, interstate transportation of a stolen vehicle, interference with interstate commerce by violence and interstate transportation of firearms with intent to commit a crime. None of those granted clemency were convicted in any of the actual bombings. Rather, they had been convicted on a variety of charges ranging from bomb making and conspiracy to armed robbery and firearms violations. They were all convicted for sedition, the act of attempting to overthrow the
Government of the United States in Puerto Rico by force.
964:
182:
196:
713:(GA/COL/3138/Rev.1*). Department of Public Information, News and Media Division, New York. Special Committee on Decolonization, 8th & 9th Meetings. (Issued on June 13, 2006.) The Approved Text reads, in part, "As in previous years, ...the Special Committee called on the President of the United States to release Puerto Rican
513:
54:
on
September 18, 1950. He moved to New York City at a very young age where he later married Helen Rosado, and with whom he fathered two daughters, Rosa Maria and Lydia. Matos is a skilled artist, working with copper etchings that depict Puerto Rican historical and cultural figures. His work has been
78:
None of the bombings of which they were convicted resulted in deaths or injuries. Matos was given a 70-year federal sentence for seditious conspiracy and other charges. Among the other convicted Puerto Rican nationalists there were sentences of as long as 90 years in
Federal prisons for offenses
87:
There were reports of human rights violations against the FALN prisoners. The prisoners were placed in prisons far from their families, some were sexually assaulted by prison personnel, some were denied adequate medical attention, and others were kept in isolated underground prison cells for no
521:
111:, was not allowed personal property, nor use of the telephone. He was locked down twenty-three hours a day. All of his activities were documented every half-hour by prison guards who kept a log. Following these transfers Adolfo was then incarcerated in a federal prison camp in
138:
The sentences received by Matos and the other
Nationalists were judged to be "out of proportion to the nationalists' offenses." Statistics showed their sentences were almost 20 times greater than sentences for similar offenses by the American population at large.
921:
Special
Committee on Decolonization Approves Text Calling on United States to Expedite Puerto Rican Self-determination Process: Draft Resolution Urges Probe of Pro-Independence Leader's Killing, Human Rights Abuses; Calls for Clean-up, Decontamination of
708:
Special
Committee on Decolonization Approves Text Calling on United States to Expedite Puerto Rican Self-determination Process: Draft Resolution Urges Probe of Pro-Independence Leader's Killing, Human Rights Abuses; Calls for Clean-up, Decontamination of
142:
For many years, numerous national and international organizations criticized Matos' incarceration categorizing it as political imprisonment. Adolfo Matos was finally released from prison on
September 10, 1999, after President
620:
1669:
100:, the judge found that their exceptionally restrictive conditions of detention were not in response to any legitimate security threat, and were therefore "an exaggerated response" and in violation of the prisoners'
71:. They had been linked to more than 100 bombings or attempted bombings since 1974 in their attempt to achieve independence for Puerto Rico. At their trial proceedings, all of the arrested declared their status as
92:
and the House of
Representatives' Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property and the Administration of Justice both criticized the conditions. The conditions were found to be in violation of the
774:...When we ask ourselves, 'Can it happen here?' the Puerto Rican people can answer, 'It has happened in Puerto Rico.' as he spoke about the treatment of Puerto Rican Nationalist and U.S. prisoner
1769:
155:
as having been influential on his decision to grant Matos the clemency offer. Cases involving the release of other Puerto Rican
Nationalist prisoners have also been categorized as cases of
107:
After his capture in 1980, Matos was held for almost 4 years in several
Illinois state prisons. He was transferred 10 times to nine different state prisons. He was almost always held in
624:
926:(GA/COL/3138/Rev.1*). Department of Public Information, News and Media Division, New York. Special Committee on Decolonization, 8th & 9th Meetings. (Issued on June 13, 2006.)
163:
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conspiracy and other charges. He was sentenced on February 18, 1981, and incarcerated in a U.S. federal prison. However, he was released early from prison, after President
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status. They argued that the U.S. courts did not have jurisdiction to try them as criminals and petitioned for their cases to be handed over to an
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96:. A federal judge also expressed concerns regarding FALN prisoners held at the Female High Security Unit, Lexington, Kentucky. In the case of
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article. In 2006, the United Nations called for the release of the remaining Puerto Rican political prisoners in United States prisons.
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838:"Carlos Alberto Torres, Puerto Rican Nationalist Imprisoned In Illinois For 30 Years, Returns Home To Puerto Rico"
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ProLIBERTAD Campaign for the Freedom of Puerto Rican Political Prisoners and Prisoners of War: Arm the Spirit
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in an anti-colonial war against the United States to liberate Puerto Rico from U.S. domination and invoked
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In criticizing President Clinton's decision to release the Puerto Rican prisoners, the conservative
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that would determine their status. The U.S. Government, however, did not recognize their request.
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669:"FALN prisoners another step closer to freedom: Clinton condemned on Capitol Hill for clemency"
382:"United States Department of Justice. Office of the Pardon Attorney: Commutations of Sentences"
56:
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Vito Marcantonio, U.S. Congressman. In his August 5, 1939, speech before Congress titled
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Al Gore: Quick to Condemn "Arms-for-Hostages," but What About "Terrorists-for-Votes?"
553:
351:
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897:
815:"Puerto Rican Nationalist Sentenced to 7 Years for 1983 Wells Fargo Robbery in Conn"
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Latin American and Caribbean Congress in Solidarity with Puerto Rico's Independence
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Center for Puerto Rican Studies, Hunter College, City University of New York.
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Guide to the Ruth M. Reynolds Papers: Archives of the Puerto Rican Diaspora.
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Report states, "Chicago's Puerto Rican community celebrates the release of
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In the words of Congressman Marcantonio, "There is no place in America for
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At the time of their arrest Matos and the others declared themselves to be
39:
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also categorized Matos as a "Puerto Rican Nationalist", echoing a recent
621:"Federal Bureau of Prisons. U.S. Department of Justice. Inmate Locator"
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Reviews Puerto Rico – U.S. relations, including cases of Puerto Rican
647:"United States Department of Justice. Press Release. August 11, 1999"
124:
35:
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1001:
991:
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Puerto Rican community celebrates release of political prisoner.
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Prisoners and detainees of the United States federal government
996:
543:
Torres, Andrés; Velázquez, José Emiliano (September 24, 1998).
341:
Torres, Andrés; Velázquez, José Emiliano (September 24, 1998).
427:"Puerto Rican Inmate Has No Regrets For His Terrorist Actions"
961:
94:
U.N. Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners
34:
during the 1970s) who received a sentence of 70 years for
549:
By Andrés Torres. Temple University Press. 1998. Page 149
347:
By Andrés Torres. Temple University Press. 1998. Page 147
299:"12 Imprisoned Puerto Ricans Accept Clemency Conditions"
67:
Matos and 11 others were arrested on April 4, 1980, in
59:
Puerto Rican Cultural Center in Chicago and elsewhere.
42:
extended a clemency offer to him on September 7, 1999.
1740:
Puerto Rican people convicted of seditious conspiracy
864:"Lolita Lebrón, Puerto Rican Nationalist, Dies at 90"
520:. Pqasb.pqarchiver.com. April 6, 1980. Archived from
547:
The Puerto Rican movement: voices from the diaspora.
404:"Eleven Puerto Rican Nationalists Freed from Prison"
345:
The Puerto Rican movement: voices from the diaspora.
263:
261:
259:
177:
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Eleven Puerto Rican Nationalists Freed from Prison.
1058:Puerto Rico Pro-Independence University Federation
448:
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75:, and refused to participate in the proceedings.
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45:
542:
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1760:Imprisoned Puerto Rican independence activists
947:
690:"Puerto Rican Nationalists Freed From Prison"
376:
374:
294:
292:
290:
288:
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1765:Recipients of American presidential clemency
731:August 1991 and December 2003. Updated 2005.
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516:Eleven Arrested as Puerto Rican Terrorists.
954:
940:
890:"U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee.
371:
283:
159:, with some being more vocal than others.
147:extended him clemency. Clinton cited Rev.
82:
1048:Hostosian National Independence Movement
1028:Independence Association of Puerto Rico
164:U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
62:
1722:
1691:La Borinqueña by Lola Rodríguez de Tío
1635:Nationalist Party revolts of the 1950s
1085:Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional
861:
478:
424:
1660:U.S. Capitol shooting incident (1954)
935:
481:"High Security Unit in Lexington, KY"
429:. Community.seattletimes.nwsource.com
118:
968:Independence movement in Puerto Rico
425:Hanley, Charles J. (May 10, 1998).
13:
862:Martin, Douglas (August 3, 2010).
245:Puerto Rican independence movement
14:
1781:
919:United Nations General Assembly.
706:United Nations General Assembly.
268:Prison Activist Resource Center.
962:
896:. Rpc.senate.gov. Archived from
194:
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1038:Puerto Rican Independence Party
912:
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319:Denver Westword, July 12, 1995.
1745:People from Lajas, Puerto Rico
1574:Teófilo Villavicencio Marxuach
1206:José "Aguila Blanca" Maldonado
1043:Puerto Rican Nationalist Party
472:
418:
396:
328:Retrieved on November 21, 2008
308:
1:
1595:Ducoudray Holstein Expedition
1509:Pedro "Davilita" Ortiz Dávila
1269:Gilberto Concepción de Gracia
1121:María de las Mercedes Barbudo
836:Danica Coto (July 28, 2010).
250:
46:Early years and personal life
1655:Truman assassination attempt
1033:Liberal Party of Puerto Rico
778:. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
7:
1645:San Juan Nationalist revolt
1254:Marie Haydée Beltrán Torres
696:September 11, 1999, Page A2
595:"Cable News Network (CNN).
552:. Temple University Press.
350:. Temple University Press.
220:Juan Enrique Segarra-Palmer
173:
10:
1786:
1023:Union Party of Puerto Rico
30:(a group which fought for
1755:Puerto Rican nationalists
1699:
1678:
1587:
1377:
1349:María de Lourdes Santiago
1344:Manuel Rodríguez Orellana
1219:
1186:Antonio Valero de Bernabé
1093:
1066:
1015:
974:
804:Carlos Alberto Torres..."
766:January 12, 2012, at the
623:. Bop.gov. Archived from
601:. CNN. September 10, 1999
406:. CNN. September 10, 1999
324:January 28, 2012, at the
32:Puerto Rican independence
1181:Arturo Alfonso Schomburg
1151:Francisco Ramírez Medina
1141:Rosendo Matienzo Cintrón
817:. Fox News. May 26, 2010
671:. CNN. September 9, 1999
1665:Cerro Maravilla murders
1610:Levantamiento de Ciales
1569:Carlos Vélez Rieckehoff
1489:Tomás López de Victoria
1474:Andres Figueroa Cordero
1464:Carmelo Delgado Delgado
1284:José M. Dávila Monsanto
1146:Antonio Mattei Lluberas
1136:Francisco Gonzalo Marín
1131:Eugenio María de Hostos
1101:Ramón Emeterio Betances
1016:Political organizations
83:Human rights violations
1750:History of Puerto Rico
1564:Antonio Vélez Alvarado
1459:Isabel Freire de Matos
1449:Juan Antonio Corretjer
1399:Margot Arce de Vázquez
1229:Antonio Rafael Barceló
1156:José Gualberto Padilla
1094:19th century activists
1074:Cadets of the Republic
1067:Militant organizations
796:July 31, 2010, at the
755:Five Years of Tyranny.
736:July 15, 2010, at the
692:by Charles Babington.
277:July 20, 2009, at the
57:Juan Antonio Corretjer
1524:Helen Rodríguez Trías
1504:Francisco Matos Paoli
1469:Raimundo Díaz Pacheco
1429:Rafael Cancel Miranda
1364:Carlos Alberto Torres
1264:Cayetano Coll y Cuchí
1220:20th and 21st century
1161:Lola Rodríguez de Tió
975:Indigenous resistance
759:Congressional Record.
627:on September 12, 2012
215:Carlos Alberto Torres
151:and former President
90:Amnesty International
16:Puerto Rican activist
1615:Río Piedras massacre
1319:Filiberto Ojeda Ríos
1299:Víctor Manuel Gerena
1234:Félix Benítez Rexach
1079:Boricua Popular Army
742:political prisoners.
580:Peoples Law Office.
514:"Los Angeles Times.
479:Susler, Jan (1989).
109:solitary confinement
63:Seditious conspiracy
1686:Grito de Lares flag
1579:Olga Viscal Garriga
1554:Clemente Soto Vélez
1544:Vidal Santiago Díaz
1454:José Ferrer Canales
1389:Pedro Albizu Campos
1339:Ángel Rivero Méndez
1324:Antonio S. Pedreira
1309:Luis Lloréns Torres
1304:Edwin Irizarry Mora
1176:Segundo Ruiz Belvis
894:September 21, 1999"
788:Chicago Sun-Times.
776:Pedro Albizu Campos
772:political prisoners
715:political prisoners
694:The Washington Post
599:September 10, 1999"
524:on October 21, 2012
315:Prendergast, Alan.
301:by John M. Broder.
230:Pedro Albizu Campos
157:political prisoners
133:international court
98:Baraldini vs. Meese
1605:Intentona de Yauco
1559:Griselio Torresola
1514:Ruth Mary Reynolds
1409:Casimiro Berenguer
1359:Alejandrina Torres
1314:Oscar López Rivera
1279:Pedro Ortiz Dávila
1196:Fernando Fernandez
1191:Manuel Zeno Gandía
868:The New York Times
802:political prisoner
488:Law and Liberation
460:. Hartford-hwp.com
303:The New York Times
210:Oscar López Rivera
188:Puerto Rico portal
119:Political prisoner
113:Lompoc, California
69:Evanston, Illinois
52:Lajas, Puerto Rico
50:Matos was born in
1717:
1716:
1629:Ley de la Mordaza
1519:Germán Rieckehoff
1434:José Coll y Cuchí
1381:Nationalist Party
1294:Leopoldo Figueroa
1244:Americo Boschetti
761:August 14, 1939.)
757:(Recorded in the
305:September 8, 1999
55:displayed at the
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1171:Juan Ríus Rivera
1106:Mariana Bracetti
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202:Biography portal
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73:prisoners of war
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1650:Utuado Uprising
1640:Jayuya Uprising
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1424:Nemesio Canales
1414:Julia de Burgos
1404:Elías Beauchamp
1394:José S. Alegría
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1111:Mathias Brugman
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518:April 6, 1980"
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454:"ProLIBERTAD.
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1444:Rosa Collazo
1379:Puerto Rican
1329:Pedro Pietri
1166:Manuel Rojas
1081:(Macheteros)
987:Agüeybaná II
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40:Bill Clinton
24:Puerto Rican
20:Adolfo Matos
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1369:Iris Zavala
1354:Piri Thomas
1274:Juan Dalmau
982:Agüeybaná I
904:January 17,
874:January 17,
847:January 17,
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388:January 17,
363:January 17,
1724:Categories
251:References
125:combatants
1259:Roy Brown
1222:activists
498:April 18,
36:seditious
1708:Claridad
922:Vieques.
794:Archived
764:Archived
734:Archived
709:Vieques.
322:Archived
275:Archived
174:See also
168:Newsweek
104:rights.
88:reason.
1679:Symbols
1625:Gag Law
1007:Urayoán
1002:Jumacao
992:Arasibo
1588:Events
997:Hayuya
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1700:Media
484:(PDF)
22:is a
906:2012
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567:2012
554:ISBN
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352:ISBN
28:FALN
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