Anselm of Canterbury

3464:

understood as being judged relative to a single attribute of goodness. He then argues that goodness is itself very good and, further, is good through itself. As such, it must be the highest good and, further, "that which is supremely good is also supremely great. There is, therefore, some one thing that is supremely good and supremely great—in other words, supreme among all existing things." Chapter 2 follows a similar argument, while Chapter 3 argues that the "best and greatest and supreme among all existing things" must be responsible for the existence of all other things. Chapter 4 argues that there must be the highest level of dignity among existing things and that the highest level must have a single member. "Therefore, there is a certain nature or substance or essence who through himself is good and great and through himself is what he is; through whom exists whatever truly is good or great or anything at all; and who is the supreme good, the supreme great thing, the supreme being or subsistent, that is, supreme among all existing things." The remaining chapters of the book are devoted to consideration of the attributes necessary to such a being. The

2623: 2570:, was chosen and negotiated in secret with William's representative, the Bishop of Durham. The king agreed to publicly support Urban's cause in exchange for acknowledgement of his rights to accept no legates without invitation and to block clerics from receiving or obeying papal letters without his approval. William's greatest desire was for Anselm to be removed from office. Walter said that "there was good reason to expect a successful issue in accordance with the king's wishes" but, upon William's open acknowledgement of Urban as pope, Walter refused to depose the archbishop. William then tried to sell the pallium to others, failed, tried to extract a payment from Anselm for the pallium, but was again refused. William then tried to personally bestow the pallium to Anselm, an act connoting the church's subservience to the throne, and was again refused. In the end, the pallium was laid on the altar at Canterbury, whence Anselm took it on 10 June 1095. 1135: 2614:. These were also unsuccessful and William was compelled to erect a series of border fortresses. He charged Anselm with having given him insufficient knights for the campaign and tried to fine him. In the face of William's refusal to fulfill his promise of church reform, Anselm resolved to proceed to Rome—where an army of French crusaders had finally installed Urban—in order to seek the counsel of the pope. William again denied him permission. The negotiations ended with Anselm being "given the choice of exile or total submission": if he left, William declared he would seize Canterbury and never again receive Anselm as archbishop; if he were to stay, William would impose his fine and force him to swear never again to appeal to the papacy. 3950: 1180: 2764: 3592: 821:. Anselm's father is sometimes described as having a harsh and violent temper but contemporary accounts merely portray him as having been overgenerous or careless with his wealth; Meanwhile, Anselm's mother Ermenberge, patient and devoutly religious, made up for her husband's faults by her prudent management of the family estates. In later life, there are records of three relations who visited Bec: Folceraldus, Haimo, and Rainaldus. The first repeatedly attempted to exploit Anselm's renown, but was rebuffed since he already had his ties to another monastery, whereas Anselm's attempts to persuade the other two to join the Bec community were unsuccessful. 2920:

later had to answer for it to Paschal); the revenues of Canterbury would be returned to the archbishop; and priests would no longer be permitted to marry. Anselm insisted on the agreement's ratification by the pope before he would consent to return to England, but wrote to Paschal in favour of the deal, arguing that Henry's forsaking of lay investiture was a greater victory than the matter of homage. On 23 March 1106, Paschal wrote Anselm accepting the terms established at L'Aigle, although both clerics saw this as a temporary compromise and intended to continue pressing for reforms, including the ending of homage to lay authorities.

4186: 1055: 2893:. Henry supported Anselm's reforms and his authority over the English Church but continued to assert his own authority over Anselm. Upon their return, the three bishops he had dispatched on his second delegation to the pope claimed—in defiance of Paschal's sealed letter to Anselm, his public acts, and the testimony of the two monks who had accompanied them—that the pontiff had been receptive to Henry's counsel and secretly approved of Anselm's submission to the crown. In 1103, then, Anselm consented to journey himself to Rome, along with the king's envoy 936: 8823: 830: 3832:). All rational beings seek benefit and shun harm on their own account but independent choice permits them to abandon bounds imposed by justice. Some angels chose their own happiness in preference to justice and were punished by God for their injustice with less happiness. The angels who upheld justice were rewarded with such happiness that they are now incapable of sin, there being no happiness left for them to seek in opposition to the bounds of justice. Humans, meanwhile, retain the theoretical capacity to will justly but, owing to 5185: 5374: 3097: 76: 4065:. "Although nothing is there except what is present, it is not the temporal present, like ours, but rather the eternal, within which all times altogether are contained. If in a certain way, the present time contains every place and all the things that are in any place, likewise, every time is encompassed in the eternal present, and everything that is in any time." It is an overarching present, all beheld at once by God, thus permitting both his "foreknowledge" and genuine free choice on the part of mankind. 2937: 2413: 1147: 12189: 3608:

acts of God are a matter of revelation beyond the scope of reasoning. At one point during the 15th chapter, he reaches the conclusion that God is "not only that than which nothing greater can be thought but something greater than can be thought". In any case, God's unity is such that all of his attributes are to be understood as facets of a single nature: "all of them are one and each of them is entirely what and what the other are". This is then used to argue for the

3249: 12195: 3915:, as a sinless being both fully divine and fully human. Taking it upon himself to offer his own life on our behalf, his crucifixion accrues infinite worth, more than redeeming mankind and permitting it to enjoy a just will in accord with its intended nature. This interpretation is notable for permitting divine justice and mercy to be entirely compatible and has exercised immense influence over church doctrine, largely supplanting the earlier theory developed by 1172: 18907: 4435: 4326: 18897: 678: 1188: 12201: 18963: 15018: 12858: 12053: 2180: 4041:. He discussed the Trinity first by stating that human beings could not know God from Himself but only from analogy. The analogy that he used was the self-consciousness of man. The peculiar double nature of consciousness, memory, and intelligence represents the relation of the Father to the Son. The mutual love of these two (memory and intelligence), proceeding from the relation they hold to one another, symbolizes the Holy Spirit. 18975: 18939: 15030: 10576: 4346: 2515: 2928:

initially taxed married clergy and, when their situation had been outlawed, had made up the lost revenue by controversially extending the tax over all Churchmen. He now agreed that any prelate who had paid this would be exempt from taxation for three years. These compromises on Henry's part strengthened the rights of the church against the king. Anselm returned to England before the new year.

9555: 3707: 962:

affection and trust were gained, gradually withdrawing all preference until he upheld the strictest obedience. Along similar lines, he remonstrated with a neighbouring abbot who complained that his charges were incorrigible despite being beaten "night and day". After fifteen years, in 1078, Anselm was unanimously elected as Bec's abbot following the death of its founder, the warrior-monk

12870: 2192: 3392: 3840: 2803:. Henry invited Anselm to return, pledging in his letter to submit himself to the archbishop's counsel. The cleric's support of Robert would have caused great trouble but Anselm returned before establishing any other terms than those offered by Henry. Once in England, Anselm was ordered by Henry to do homage for his Canterbury estates and to receive his investiture by 18951: 3559:'s interlinking and contingent arguments. His "single argument that needed nothing but itself alone for proof, that would by itself be enough to show that God really exists" is commonly taken to be merely the second chapter of the work. In it, Anselm reasoned that even atheists can imagine the greatest being, having such attributes that nothing greater could exist ( 4021:, his thinking laid two principles which formed the groundwork for that dogma's development. The first is that it was proper that Mary should be so pure that—apart from God—no purer being could be imagined. The second was his treatment of original sin. Earlier theologians had held that it was transmitted from generation to generation by the sinful nature of 4055:, it takes the form of a single narrator in a dialogue, offering presumable objections from the other side. Its treatment of free will relies on Anselm's earlier works, but goes into greater detail as to the ways in which there is no actual incompatibility or paradox created by the divine attributes. In its 5th chapter, Anselm reprises his consideration of 3060:

with the Name of Anselm". The ambassador insisted on witnessing the excavation, however, and resistance on the part of the prebendaries seems to have quieted the matter. They considered the state of the cathedral's crypts would have offended the sensibilities of a Catholic and that it was probable that Anselm had been removed to near the altar of SS

3662:). The most famous of Gaunilo's objections is a parody of Anselm's argument involving an island greater than which nothing can be conceived. Since we can conceive of such an island, it exists in our understanding and so must exist in reality. This is, however, absurd, since its shore might arbitrarily be increased and in any case varies with the tide. 3603:

must be "just, truthful, happy, and whatever it is better to be than not to be". Chapter 6 specifically enumerates the additional qualities of awareness, omnipotence, mercifulness, impassibility (inability to suffer), and immateriality; Chapter 11, self-existent, wisdom, goodness, happiness, and permanence; and Chapter 18, unity. Anselm addresses the

1038:. The fame of the monastery grew not only from his intellectual achievements, however, but also from his good example and his loving, kindly method of discipline, particularly with the younger monks. There was also admiration for his spirited defence of the abbey's independence from lay and archiepiscopal control, especially in the face of 3245:, but he intended for his books to form a unity, with his letters and latter works advising the reader to consult his other books for the arguments supporting various points in his reasoning. It seems to have been a recurring problem that early drafts of his works were copied and circulated without his permission. 4029:'s sin was borne by his descendants through the change in human nature which occurred during the Fall. Parents were unable to establish a just nature in their children which they had never had themselves. This would subsequently be addressed in Mary's case by dogma surrounding the circumstances of her own birth. 4140:("On the Church's Sacraments") were both written between 1106 and 1107 and are sometimes bound as separate books. Although he seldom asked others to pray for him, two of his letters to hermits do so, "evidence of his belief in their spiritual prowess". His letters of guidance—one to Hugh, a hermit near 1111:—William Rufus or William the Red—refused the appointment of any successor and appropriated the see's lands and revenues for himself. Fearing the difficulties that would attend being named to the position in opposition to the king, Anselm avoided journeying to England during this time. The gravely ill 3902:

and mankind's fallen nature ever since, humanity has offended God. Divine justice demands restitution for sin but human beings are incapable of providing it, as all the actions of men are already obligated to the furtherance of God's glory. Further, God's infinite justice demands infinite restitution

3784:

to affirm the existence of an absolute truth of which all other truth forms separate kinds. He identifies this absolute truth with God, who therefore forms the fundamental principle both in the existence of things and the correctness of thought. As a corollary, he affirms that "everything that is, is

3059:

to look into the matter, saying that while "the parting with the rotten Remains of a Rebel to his King, a Slave to the Popedom, and an Enemy to the married Clergy (all this Anselm was)" would be no great matter, he likewise "should make no Conscience of palming on the Simpletons any other old Bishop

3685:

and others to conclude that Gaunilo's attack is definitive. Anselm, however, considered that Gaunilo had misunderstood his argument. In each of Gaunilo's four arguments, he takes Anselm's description of "that than which nothing greater can be thought" to be equivalent to "that which is greater than

3602:

More probably, Anselm intended his "single argument" to include most of the rest of the work as well, wherein he establishes the attributes of God and their compatibility with one another. Continuing to construct a being greater than which nothing else can be conceived, Anselm proposes such a being

2919:

on 22 July 1105. Henry would forsake lay investiture if Anselm obtained Paschal's permission for clerics to do homage for their lands; Henry's bishops' and counsellors' excommunications were to be lifted provided they advise him to obey the papacy (Anselm performed this act on his own authority and

3607:

nature of "greatness" in this formula partially by appeal to intuition and partially by independent consideration of the attributes being examined. The incompatibility of, e.g., omnipotence, justness, and mercifulness are addressed in the abstract by reason, although Anselm concedes that specific

3459:

s prologue. However, he takes pains to present his reasons for belief in God without appeal to scriptural or patristic authority, using new and bold arguments. He attributes this style—and the book's existence—to the requests of his fellow monks that "nothing whatsoever in these matters should be

2504:

and "that he disdained to purchase his master's favour as he would a horse or ass". The king being told this, he replied Anselm's blessing for his invasion would not be needed as "I hated him before, I hate him now, and shall hate him still more hereafter". Withdrawing to Canterbury, Anselm began

3236:

Stylistically, Anselm's treatises take two basic forms, dialogues and sustained meditations. In both, he strove to state the rational grounds for central aspects of Christian doctrines as a pedagogical exercise for his initial audience of fellow monks and correspondents. The subjects of Anselm's

2927:

and met with him on 15 August 1106. Henry was forced to make further concessions. He restored to Canterbury all the churches that had been seized by William or during Anselm's exile, promising that nothing more would be taken from them and even providing Anselm with a security payment. Henry had

3463:

In the first chapter, Anselm begins with a statement that anyone should be able to convince themselves of the existence of God through reason alone "if he is even moderately intelligent". He argues that many different things are known as "good", in many varying kinds and degrees. These must be

3226:

be made to demonstrate its truth by means of reason: "To me, it seems to be negligence if, after confirmation in the faith, we do not study to understand that which we believe". Merely rational proofs are always, however, to be tested by scripture and he employs Biblical passages and "what we

961:

and the monks of Bec, despite the initial hesitation of some on account of his youth, elected Anselm prior. A notable opponent was a young monk named Osborne. Anselm overcame his hostility first by praising, indulging, and privileging him in all things despite his hostility and then, when his

844:

Following the death of his mother, probably at the birth of his sister Richera, Anselm's father repented his own earlier lifestyle but professed his new faith with a severity that the boy found likewise unbearable. When Gundulph entered a monastery, Anselm, at age 23, left home with a single

3196:

Anselm held that faith necessarily precedes reason, but that reason can expand upon faith: "And I do not seek to understand that I may believe but believe that I might understand. For this too I believe since, unless I first believe, I shall not understand". This is possibly drawn from

2474:

Anselm's vision was of a Catholic Church with its own internal authority, which clashed with William II's desire for royal control over both church and State. One of Anselm's first conflicts with William came in the month he was consecrated. William II was preparing to wrest

2993:

all who failed to recognize Canterbury's primacy over all the English Church. This ultimately forced Henry to order Thomas to confess his obedience to Anselm's successor. On his deathbed, he announced himself content, except that he had a treatise in mind on the origin of the

2256:. He published a proclamation releasing his captives, discharging his debts, and promising to henceforth govern according to the law. On 6 March 1093, he further nominated Anselm to fill the vacancy at Canterbury; the clerics gathered at court acclaiming him, forcing the 2905:

After this ruling, Anselm received a letter forbidding his return and withdrew to Lyon to await Paschal's response. On 26 March 1105, Paschal again excommunicated prelates who had accepted investment from Henry and the advisors responsible, this time including

4068:

Fragments survive of the work Anselm left unfinished at his death, which would have been a dialogue concerning certain pairs of opposites, including ability/inability, possibility/impossibility, and necessity/freedom. It is thus sometimes cited under the name

2972:

formalized the agreements between the king and archbishop, Henry formally renounced the right of English kings to invest the bishops of the church. The remaining two years of Anselm's life were spent in the duties of his archbishopric. He succeeded in getting

4400:. He may have been formally canonized before Becket's murder in 1170: no record of this has survived but he was subsequently listed among the saints at Canterbury and elsewhere. It is usually reckoned, however, that his cult was only formally sanctioned by 4313:

and others argue that the "carefully nurtured image of simple holiness and profound thinking" was precisely employed as a tool by an adept, disingenuous political operator, while the traditional view of the pious and reluctant church leader recorded by

2722:, the Italian Greeks seem to have accepted papal supremacy and Anselm's theology. The council also condemned William II. Eadmer credited Anselm with restraining the pope from excommunicating him, although others attribute Urban's politic nature. 2589:

in December, Anselm journeyed to console and bless him on his deathbed. Over the next two years, William opposed several of Anselm's efforts at reform—including his right to convene a council—but no overt dispute is known. However, in 1094, the

3569:

existence. Therefore, the truly greatest possible being must necessarily exist. Further, this necessarily-existing greatest being must be God, who therefore necessarily exists. This reasoning was known to the Scholastics as "Anselm's argument"

2365:, but Guibert (as "Clement III") held Rome after 1084. William had not chosen a side and maintained his right to prevent the acknowledgement of either pope by an English subject prior to his choice. In the end, a ceremony was held to 2897:. Anselm supposedly travelled in order to argue the king's case for a dispensation but, in response to this third mission, Paschal fully excommunicated the bishops who had accepted investment from Henry, though sparing the king himself. 2381:

and interests of Canterbury. As such, he repeatedly pressed the English monarchy for support of the reform agenda. His principled opposition to royal prerogatives over the Catholic Church, meanwhile, twice led to his exile from England.

3686:

everything else that can be thought". Anselm countered that anything which does not actually exist is necessarily excluded from his reasoning and anything which might or probably does not exist is likewise aside the point. The

3136:

system. Anselm also studiously analyzed the language used in his subjects, carefully distinguishing the meaning of the terms employed from the verbal forms, which he found at times wholly inadequate. His worldview was broadly

2389:

begun by Pope Gregory VII and the emperor Henry IV. By the end of his life, he had proven successful, having freed Canterbury from submission to the English king, received papal recognition of the submission of

787:

Records during this period are scanty, but both sides of Anselm's immediate family appear to have been dispossessed by these decisions in favour of their extended relations. His father Gundulph or Gundulf or Gondulphe was a

3937:

is often accounted Anselm's greatest work, but the legalist and amoral nature of the argument, along with its neglect of the individuals actually being redeemed, has been criticized both by comparison with the treatment by

4667:

St. Anselm: Proslogium, Monologium, an Appendix in Behalf of the Fool by Gaunilon, and Cur Deus Homo with an Introduction, Bibliography, and Reprints of the Opinions of Leading Philosophers and Writers on the Ontological

2491:

for Anselm's elevation to archbishop. Anselm not only refused, he further pressed the king to fill England's other vacant positions, permit bishops to meet freely in councils, and to allow Anselm to resume enforcement of

3779:

is concerned not merely with the truth of statements but with correctness in will, action, and essence as well. Correctness in such matters is understood as doing what a thing ought or was designed to do. Anselm employs

1106:

in 1070. He was respected by William I and the good impression he made while in Canterbury made him the favourite of its cathedral chapter as a future successor to Lanfranc. Instead, upon the archbishop's death in 1089,

2553:

presenting his case and even advising William to depose and exile Anselm. The nobles siding with Anselm, the conference ended in deadlock and the matter was postponed. Immediately following this, William secretly sent

3807:

therefore have free will despite being incapable of sinning; similarly, the non-coercive aspect of free will enabled man and the rebel angels to sin, despite this not being a necessary element of free will itself. In

3911:, as inadequate and ultimately vain. Instead, full recompense could only be made by God, which His infinite mercy inclines Him to provide. Atonement for humanity, however, could only be made through the figure of 2914:

expressing his own willingness to excommunicate Henry. This was probably a negotiation tactic but it came at a critical period in Henry's reign and it worked: a meeting was arranged and a compromise concluded at

804:

who had been passed over in favour of Conrad. The marriage was thus probably arranged for political reasons but proved ineffective in opposing Conrad after his successful annexation of Burgundy on 1 August 1034.

4380:

near his home, with God asking his name, his home, and his quest before sharing bread with him. Anselm then slept, awoke, returned to Aosta, and then retraced his steps before returning to speak to his mother.

9217: 2549:

to discuss the issue. The next day, William ordered the bishops not to treat Anselm as their primate or as Canterbury's archbishop, as he openly adhered to Urban. The bishops sided with the king, the

837:

At the age of fifteen, Anselm felt the call to enter a monastery but, failing to obtain his father's consent, he was refused by the abbot. The illness he then suffered has been considered by some a

5156:' "The fool has said in his heart, 'There is no God'". Gaunilo offers that, if Anselm's argument were all that supported the existence of God, the fool would be correct in rejecting his reasoning. 817:.) Ermenberge appears to have been the wealthier partner in the marriage. Gundulph moved to his wife's town, where she held a palace, most likely near the cathedral, along with a villa in the 2266:. Anselm tried to refuse on the grounds of age and ill-health for months and the monks of Bec refused to give him permission to leave them. Negotiations were handled by the recently restored 9466:

Berwick-upon-Tweed, Burford, and Lostwithiel Corporations; the Counties of Wilts and Worcester; the Bishop of Chichester; and the Deans and Chapters of Chichester, Canterbury, and Salisbury

4777:, Edwin Mellen (A reprint of earlier separate translations; republished by Arthur J. Banning Press as The Complete Philosophical and Theological Treatises of Anselm of Canterbury in 2000) 19095: 3814:, Anselm further considers the case of the fallen angels, which serves to discuss the case of rational agents in general. The teacher argues that there are two forms of good—justice ( 2290:. William Rufus was exceedingly reluctant to accept these conditions: he consented only to the first and, a few days afterwards, reneged on that, suspending preparations for Anselm's 616:, he was exiled twice: once from 1097 to 1100 and then from 1105 to 1107. While in exile, he helped guide the Greek Catholic bishops of southern Italy to adopt Roman rites at the 3483:

A letter survives of Anselm responding to Lanfranc's criticism of the work. The elder cleric took exception to its lack of appeals to scripture and authority. The preface of the

4106:

asserts that all of Anselm's letters "even the most intimate" are statements of his religious beliefs, consciously composed so as to be read by many others. His long letters to

2649:

Anselm chose to depart in October 1097. Although Anselm retained his nominal title, William immediately seized the revenues of his bishopric and retained them til death. From

3209::14–18, Augustine counseled "Do not seek to understand in order to believe but believe that thou may understand". Anselm rephrased the idea repeatedly and Thomas Williams( 4624: 2500:, until he was ordered to silence. When a group of bishops subsequently suggested that William might now settle for the original sum, Anselm replied that he had already 2527: 4620: 3222:, "faith seeking understanding", which intended "an active love of God seeking a deeper knowledge of God". Once the faith is held fast, however, he argued an attempt 9566: 8727: 2385:

The traditional view of historians has been to see Anselm as aligned with the papacy against lay authority and Anselm's term in office as the English theatre of the

19045: 19040: 19025: 19020: 2294:. Public pressure forced William to return to Anselm and in the end they settled on a partial return of Canterbury's lands as his own concession. Anselm received 3620:

who proceeds from both". The last three chapters are a digression on what God's goodness might entail. Extracts from the work were later compiled under the name

4607:

The Works of St Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury and Former Abbot of Bec, and the History of New Things and Other Minor Works of Eadmer, monk of Canterbury

3555:), was written over the next two years (1077–1078). It is written in the form of an extended direct address to God. It grew out of his dissatisfaction with the 2706:

as recently as 1071. The formal acts of the council have been lost and Eadmer's account of Anselm's speech principally consists of descriptions of the bishops'

2537:

Upon William's return, Anselm insisted that he travel to the court of Urban II to secure the pallium that legitimized his office. On 25 February 1095, the

10689: 4914:

Anselm did not publicly condemn the Crusade but replied to an Italian whose brother was then in Asia Minor that he would be better off in a monastery instead.

2377:

As archbishop, Anselm maintained his monastic ideals, including stewardship, prudence, and proper instruction, prayer and contemplation. Anselm advocated for

5136: 4484:

south of the high altar is dedicated to him; it includes a modern stained-glass representation of the saint, flanked by his mentor Lanfranc and his steward

3072:

to the right (i.e., south) of the high altar took Anselm's name following his canonization. At that time, his relics would presumably have been placed in a

2622: 884:, he returned the next year. His father having died, he consulted with Lanfranc as to whether to return to his estates and employ their income in providing 19155: 12103: 4485: 4302: 3886:. It takes the form of a dialogue between Anselm and Boso, one of his students. Its core is a purely rational argument for the necessity of the Christian 16054: 3565:). However, if such a being's attributes did not include existence, a still greater being could be imagined: one with all of the attributes of the first 10503:, a treatment of the locations around the cathedral honoring St Anselm, including the icon of Our Lady of Bec, Anselm, and Lanfranc donated by the 2826:. Anselm wooed wavering barons to the king's cause, emphasizing the religious nature of their oaths and duty of loyalty; he supported the deposition of 4158: 3021:'s Chapel). During the church's reconstruction after the disastrous fire of the 1170s, his remains were relocated, although it is now uncertain where. 2910:, Henry's chief advisor. He further finally threatened Henry with the same; in April, Anselm sent messages to the king directly and through his sister 1119:. Hugh was recovered by the time of Anselm's arrival, but he was occupied four or five months by his assistance. He then travelled to his former pupil 8805: 4309:, argue for Anselm's attempts to manage his reputation as a devout scholar and cleric, minimizing the worldly conflicts he found himself forced into. 4527: 4144:, and two to a community of lay nuns—endorse their lives as a refuge from the difficulties of the political world with which Anselm had to contend. 17823: 17471: 12679: 7241: 7184: 10156: 9812:

Monks, Hermits and the Ascetic Tradition: Papers Read at the 1984 Summer Meeting and the 1985 Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society

13902: 8950:

Christianity, Social Tolerance, and Homosexuality: Gay People in Western Europe from the Beginning of the Christian Era to the Fourteenth Century

8780: 13932: 9257: 4871: 4310: 3882:("Why God was a Man") was written from 1095 to 1098 once Anselm was already archbishop of Canterbury as a response for requests to discuss the 4603:

Sancti Anselmi ex Beccensi Abbate Cantuariensis Archiepiscopi Opera, nec non Eadmeri Monachi Cantuariensis Historia Novorum, et Alia Opuscula

4037:("On the Procession of the Holy Spirit Against the Greeks"), written in 1102, is a recapitulation of Anselm's treatment of the subject at the 2653:, Anselm wrote to Urban, requesting that he be permitted to resign his office. Urban refused but commissioned him to prepare a defence of the 16796: 12365: 10707: 8445: 8241: 8165: 8050: 8030: 7975: 7792: 5090:

Various scholars have disputed the use of the term "ontological" in reference to Anselm's argument. A list up to his own time is provided by

4306: 4170: 3678: 2223: 1474: 7131: 4640:

De la Connaissance de Dieu, ou Monologue et Prosloge avec ses Appendices, de Saint Anselme, Archevêque de Cantorbéry et Docteur de l'Église

1115:, finally lured him over with three pressing messages in 1092, seeking advice on how best to handle the establishment of a new monastery at 4102:) to clerics, monks, relatives, and others, the earliest being those written to the Norman monks who followed Lanfranc to England in 1070. 4007:("On the Virgin Conception and Original Sin") was written in 1099. He claimed to have written it out of a desire to expand on an aspect of 2278:. On 24 August, Anselm gave King William the conditions under which he would accept the position, which amounted to the agenda of the 14990: 10760: 8848:

Saint Anselme de Cantorbery. Tableau de la vie monastique, et de la lutte du pouvoir spirituel avec le pouvoir temporel au onzième siècle

4923: 4905:

An entry concerning Anselm's parents in the records of Christ Church in Canterbury leaves open the possibility of a later reconciliation.

4644:

On Knowing God, or the Monologue and Proslogue with their Appendices, by Saint Anselme, Archbishop of Canterbury and Doctor of the Church

2677:

troops supposedly offered him food and other gifts but the count actively resisted the clerics' attempts to convert them to Catholicism.

10323: 9686:

Medieval Philosophy and Modern Times (Proceedings of "Medieval and Modern Philosophy of Religion", Boston University, 25–27 August 1992)

9450: 9038: 1131:, and waited, apparently delayed by the need to assemble the donors of Bec's new lands in order to obtain royal approval of the grants. 19035: 19030: 12749: 10682: 7044: 6971: 6889: 18870: 17369: 16653: 12954: 12907: 4977:

Other examples include "The Christian ought to go forth to understanding through faith, not journey to faith through understanding" (

4049:("On the Harmony of Foreknowledge and Predestination and the Grace of God with Free Choice") was written from 1107 to 1108. Like the 2907: 2275: 1039: 19140: 19130: 18881: 12096: 10463: 7149: 6468: 6358: 5854: 19055: 19050: 16047: 4983:) and "The correct order demands that we believe the depths of the Christian faith before we presume to discuss it with reason" ( 4013:

for his student and friend Boso and takes the form of Anselm's half of a conversation with him. Although Anselm denied belief in

16246: 12694: 9576: 19160: 19125: 17864: 16543: 4922:, the true vision of Peace signified by the name Jerusalem, which was to be found in the monastic life, and the carnage of the 4572: 2249: 3903:

for the impairment of his infinite dignity. The enormity of the offence led Anselm to reject personal acts of atonement, even

19145: 16668: 14894: 10675: 10471: 10217: 10083: 10035: 9708: 9545: 9525: 9489: 9186: 9111: 9061: 4580: 4147:

Many of Anselm's letters contain passionate expressions of attachment and affection, often addressed "to the beloved lover" (

3744:

involved to ensure the terms in the premises agree in meaning and not merely expression. The treatment shows a clear debt to

2981:

to Canterbury so that future archbishops-elect would have to profess obedience before receiving it. The incumbent archbishop

5059:", Anselm was not using the term in its modern sense of "self-reflection" or "consideration" but instead as a philosophical 2282:: the king would have to return the Catholic Church lands which had been seized, accept his spiritual counsel, and forswear 17464: 15067: 13102: 9561: 5204: 4477: 1134: 1112: 89: 17328: 19150: 12428: 12089: 10121: 1856: 9577:"Saint Anselm and the Development of the Doctrine of the Immaculate Conception: Historical and Theological Perspectives" 9262:

L'homme et son destin d'après les penseurs du Moyen Age: Actes du premier congrès international de philosophie médiévale

6330: 6302: 3233:) at times to raise problems or to present erroneous understandings, whose inconsistencies are then resolved by reason. 19015: 17756: 17739: 16040: 13807: 12925: 8677: 4835: 3472:. God is taken to neither conform to nor invent the moral order but to embody it: in each case of his attributes, "God 3154: 2702:, it is more likely that the "Greeks" present were the local bishops of Southern Italy, some of whom had been ruled by 7168: 6920: 19075: 19060: 19005: 18283: 16789: 16241: 16072: 10106: 9975: 9842: 9819: 9781: 9728: 9651: 9632: 9386: 9354: 9204: 9168: 9133: 8959: 8933: 8903: 6286: 5508: 4489: 2216: 1360: 8541: 7604: 7465: 5580: 5564: 5398: 4294:. An extensive debate occurred—primarily among French scholars—in the early 1930s about "nature and possibility" of 3449:

argues neither Boethius nor Anselm state anything which was not already dealt with in greater detail by Augustine's

3124:

in his arguments. Anselm's works are considered philosophical as well as theological since they endeavour to render

19100: 19085: 14766: 13937: 11720: 10021: 8479: 7535: 6045: 6029: 5319: 5303: 3870: 660: 462: 5548: 5529: 3973:("On Faith in the Trinity and on the Incarnation of the Word Against the Blasphemies of Roscelin"), also known as 18910: 18568: 18481: 17457: 16850: 15676: 12634: 12453: 11745: 11008: 10726: 9237: 7317: 7284: 4497: 4438: 3460:

made convincing by the authority of Scripture, but whatsoever... the necessity of reason would concisely prove".

3146: 3056: 1586: 841:

effect of his disappointment, but upon his recovery he gave up his studies and for a time lived a carefree life.

17: 17680: 10046: 7410: 7382: 6760: 6645: 3949: 954: 19105: 19090: 17089: 17023: 15410: 14997: 13529: 11670: 10721: 9749: 7357: 7323: 7203: 6590: 5983: 3040: 2432: 2240:

that neither Anselm nor any other would sit at Canterbury while he lived but in March he fell seriously ill at

1155: 973:

Under Anselm's direction, Bec became the foremost seat of learning in Europe, attracting students from France,

651:. Despite his lack of recognition in this field in his own time, Anselm is now famous as the originator of the 8355: 8339: 7877: 7726: 7660: 3721:

take the form of a lesson between a gifted and inquisitive student and a knowledgeable teacher. Except for in

3591: 3088:, but in the uncertainty nothing further seems to have been done then or when inquiries were renewed in 1841. 2763: 19170: 19065: 18860: 18693: 18486: 18345: 18196: 15809: 14859: 14047: 13002: 12900: 12543: 11690: 11370: 10767: 10138:"NPNF1-07. St. Augustine: Homilies on the Gospel of John; Homilies on the First Epistle of John; Soliloquies" 8451: 6626: 4830: 4301:

Modern scholarship remains sharply divided over the nature of Anselm's episcopal leadership. Some, including

2815:. Henry for his part refused to relinquish a right possessed by his predecessors and even sent an embassy to 1400: 721: 408: 31: 17048: 12153: 11786: 2051: 1247: 19135: 18835: 16782: 15866: 15777: 15453: 13614: 10745: 10266:

Vaughn, Sally N. (Winter 1978), "Robert of Meulan and Raison d'État in the Anglo-Norman State, 1093–1118",

9396: 9301: 7707: 7679: 7623: 7429: 7290: 7257: 6538: 6452: 5003:

Negligentise mihi esse videtur, si, postquam confirmatius in fide, non studemus quod credimus, intelligere.

4876: 4177:, sees the expressions as representing a "wholly spiritual" affection "nourished by an incorporeal ideal". 2890: 2626: 2546: 2342: 2209: 2156: 761: 10004: 7644: 2076: 19080: 19070: 18247: 18204: 17734: 17724: 16526: 16211: 15786: 15626: 12972: 11645: 4866: 3446: 2559: 2480: 2402: 2391: 1896: 4677: 2834:; and he threatened Robert with excommunication. The lack of popular support greeting his invasion near 2581:

in November. Despite his service for the king which earned him rough treatment from Anselm's biographer

18929: 18209: 17874: 17839: 17635: 17257: 16396: 15950: 14761: 13982: 12842: 12719: 11796: 11735: 10698: 10179: 9626: 7551: 5091: 4820: 3883: 2086: 1232: 1087: 11559: 11539: 8920: 4986:

Rectus ordo exigit, ut profunda Christianae fidei credamus, priusquam ea praesumamus ratione discutere

4544:; they held a celebration in 2009 commemorating the 900th anniversary of Anselm's death. In 2015, the 1836: 19110: 18428: 17889: 17247: 17148: 15854: 15289: 15284: 14017: 13827: 13787: 9928:

Partner, Nancy (December 1973), "Henry of Huntingdon: Clerical Celibacy and the Writing of History",

5112: 4671:, Chicago: Open Court Publishing Co. (Republished and expanded as St. Anselm: Basic Writings in 1962) 4553: 4505: 4450: 4283: 3895: 3887: 2866: 2822:

Meanwhile, Anselm publicly supported Henry against the claims and threatened invasion of his brother

1981: 1786: 806: 713: 664: 190: 4613:(in Latin), Paris: Louis Billaine & Jean du Puis (2d ed. published by François Montalant in 1721 4185: 3979:("Letters on the Incarnation of the Word"), was written in two drafts in 1092 and 1094. It defended 908:

at the age of 27. Probably in his first year, he wrote his first work on philosophy, a treatment of

19175: 19165: 18546: 18476: 18297: 18062: 17991: 17986: 17685: 17394: 17207: 16063: 15666: 15480: 15060: 14623: 13882: 13549: 13331: 13215: 13195: 13135: 12893: 12346: 12168: 12143: 11710: 10903: 10795: 10738: 10647: 10351: 10332: 9810:

McGuire, Brian P. (1985), "Monastic Friendship and Toleration in Twelfth Century Cistercian Life",

8887: 5014: 4557: 4545: 4251: 3117: 2819:

to present his case. Paschal reaffirmed Urban's bans to that mission and the one that followed it.

2768: 2295: 1501: 1257: 1227: 1103: 729: 629: 574: 63: 16236: 16181: 10000: 9909: 9440: 9145:

History of England from the Death of "Edward the Confessor" to the Death of John, (1066–1216) A.D.

5285: 3988: 3080:. The ambassador's own investigation was of the opinion that Anselm's body had been confused with 2737:

in Rome the next year. There, amid an outcry to address Anselm's situation, Urban renewed bans on

19120: 18743: 18458: 18398: 18390: 18087: 18082: 17869: 17854: 17719: 17297: 16935: 16910: 16718: 16693: 16606: 16114: 16089: 15945: 15636: 15586: 15545: 15535: 15140: 14756: 14095: 14065: 13456: 13230: 13020: 12916: 12120: 11821: 11765: 11685: 11081: 10593: 8690: 7178: 6340: 6312: 6296: 5593: 5574: 5558: 5542: 5408: 5329: 5313: 4918:

summarized his position in this way: "For him, the important choice was quite simply between the

4861: 4826: 3943: 3647: 3396: 3391: 3036: 2598:

and William's 1095 invasion had accomplished little; two larger forays were made in 1097 against

2386: 2334: 2091: 1721: 1348: 1210: 717: 605: 16940: 15725: 9885: 8914: 8857:, London: Levey, Robson, & Franklyn for Burns & Lambert, 1853, pp. 360–374, 480–499 8755: 4949:

was available and a staple of 12th-century philosophy but "seems not to have interested" Anselm.

2961: 1821: 756:

in preference to her uncle's families, who had supported the effort to establish an independent

19115: 18340: 18159: 17776: 17771: 17480: 17440: 17414: 17399: 17379: 17277: 17272: 16673: 16531: 16516: 16146: 16109: 16094: 15994: 15495: 15465: 15375: 15164: 15159: 15022: 13887: 13832: 13534: 13175: 13140: 13117: 13025: 12934: 12734: 11906: 11871: 11705: 11324: 10825: 10367: 10313: 7107: 4409: 4405: 4190: 4153:). While there is wide agreement that Anselm was personally committed to the monastic ideal of 3190: 3013:

and laid at the head of Lanfranc at his initial resting place to the south of the Altar of the

2945: 2788: 2011: 1646: 1383: 919: 866: 757: 745: 725: 281: 11740: 11700: 11660: 10511: 10488: 9763: 9155:"Nummus Falsus: The Perception of Counterfeit Money in the Eleventh and Early Twelfth Century" 8365: 8349: 7617: 7475: 7423: 7367: 7333: 7300: 7267: 7213: 7162: 7057: 6984: 6902: 6770: 6662: 6639: 6605: 6484: 6374: 6055: 6039: 5996: 5874: 4431:. His most common attribute is a ship, representing the spiritual independence of the church. 4075:. Another work, probably left unfinished by Anselm and subsequently revised and expanded, was 1098:. Anselm occasionally visited to oversee the monastery's property, to wait upon his sovereign 18995: 18875: 18830: 18768: 18758: 18097: 17961: 17806: 17796: 17781: 17729: 17338: 17267: 16594: 16378: 16328: 15975: 15745: 15651: 15616: 15596: 15415: 15390: 15370: 15345: 15299: 15258: 15253: 15126: 14965: 14929: 14751: 14691: 14080: 13962: 13872: 13729: 13699: 13634: 13574: 13544: 13180: 13125: 12967: 12689: 12624: 12438: 12297: 12133: 11831: 11750: 11619: 11614: 11564: 11041: 10884: 10733: 10582: 10359: 9799:

McEvoy, James (1994), "La preuve anselmienne de l'existence de Dieu est-elle ontologique? ",

9682:"Saint Anselm's Proof: A Problem of Reference, Intentional Identity and Mutual Understanding" 9671: 9617: 9475: 9154: 9099: 8992: 8556: 8489: 8461: 7890: 7736: 7720: 7689: 7673: 7638: 7442: 7251: 7197: 6941: 6548: 6462: 5523: 4397: 4228: 4197:

Two biographies of Anselm were written shortly after his death by his chaplain and secretary

4018: 3682: 2666: 2658: 1876: 1581: 1521: 1496: 1304: 1108: 1099: 950: 838: 609: 207: 16256: 16231: 11876: 10396:, New York: D. Appleton & Co. (translated from the French by O.W. Wight, reprinted 1869) 10278:

Vaughn, Sally N. (1980), "St. Anselm and the English Investiture Controversy Reconsidered",

7392: 4638: 4093:) was compiled, probably by the monk Alexander. He also composed prayers to various saints. 1886: 1861: 1417: 19010: 19000: 18865: 18242: 18185: 18169: 18154: 18134: 18092: 17966: 17811: 17801: 17786: 17751: 17746: 17714: 17404: 17374: 17038: 16905: 16860: 16813: 16663: 16643: 16340: 15837: 15755: 15700: 15671: 15380: 15340: 14869: 14814: 14809: 13812: 13734: 13714: 13649: 13619: 13441: 13396: 13326: 13288: 13253: 13190: 13150: 13050: 12827: 12822: 12759: 12704: 12508: 12463: 12158: 12148: 12112: 12007: 11977: 11926: 11604: 11489: 11419: 11209: 11184: 11164: 11106: 11101: 11066: 10948: 10842: 10292:

Anselm of Bec and Robert of Meulan: The Innocence of the Dove and the Wisdom of the Serpent

9222:

Spicilegium Beccense: Congrès International du IXe Centenaire de L'Arrivée d'Anselme au Bec

9092:

Saint Anselme (d'Aoste), archevêque de Cantorbéry : Histoire de sa vie et de son temps

9048: 8895: 4980:

Christianus per fidem debet ad intellectum proficere, non per intellectum ad fidem accedere

4537: 4481: 4457: 4369: 4295: 4258:. His works were copied and disseminated in his lifetime and exercised an influence on the 3891: 3690:

had already stated "anything else whatsoever other than can be thought not to exist". The

3577: 3516: 3010: 2941: 2772: 2586: 2550: 2523: 2447: 2443: 2416: 2350: 2346: 2307: 2283: 2267: 1976: 1766: 1731: 1701: 1671: 1536: 1432: 1252: 1242: 1163: 1124: 1116: 1063: 1054: 810: 652: 590: 457: 452: 285: 221: 67: 18508: 14844: 14824: 14090: 13739: 12938: 11992: 11524: 9792:

William of Auvergne and Robert Grosseteste: New Ideas of Truth in Early Thirteenth Century

3803:

for its own sake (as opposed to owing to coercion or for self-interest). God and the good

2795:

was present and moved quickly to secure the throne before the return of his elder brother

2454:, doubling the cathedral's length. The new choir formed a church unto itself with its own 2071: 8: 18967: 18850: 18551: 18423: 18302: 17971: 17894: 17884: 17761: 17645: 17640: 17389: 17158: 17079: 16930: 16805: 16698: 16359: 16272: 15908: 15876: 15730: 15720: 15611: 15365: 15219: 15204: 15189: 15184: 15169: 15150: 15145: 15131: 15053: 14919: 14799: 14641: 13907: 13792: 13772: 13709: 13669: 13639: 13589: 13569: 13509: 13504: 13499: 13494: 13466: 13336: 13210: 13107: 13098: 13045: 12729: 12649: 12518: 12262: 12216: 12173: 11982: 11946: 11916: 11680: 11584: 11424: 11385: 11365: 11293: 11179: 10988: 10831: 10818: 10807: 10254:

Vaughn, Sally N. (1975), "St Anselm of Canterbury: the Philosopher-Saint as Politician",

10226: 10199: 9660: 9611: 4964: 4752: 4509: 4373: 4115: 3698:

greatest entity out of all existing things. That entity both must exist and must be God.

3498: 3166: 3077: 3033: 3006: 2986: 2969: 2854: 2578: 2398: 2394: 2314: 2041: 1911: 1791: 1726: 1531: 1459: 1338: 1327: 1262: 1102:(formerly Duke William II of Normandy), and to visit Lanfranc, who had been installed as 1091: 1021: 967: 901: 850: 797: 777: 710: 379: 14899: 13817: 12573: 12027: 11484: 4532:

praising Anselm, his ecclesiastical career, and his writings. In the United States, the

1966: 1926: 1881: 1138:

A 19th-century portrayal of Anselm being dragged to the cathedral by the English bishops

18840: 18798: 18708: 18673: 18448: 18413: 18315: 18257: 18219: 18214: 18050: 18040: 17844: 17816: 17766: 17557: 17517: 17242: 17114: 17094: 16963: 16925: 16855: 16835: 16481: 16459: 16402: 16391: 16295: 16290: 16126: 15871: 15804: 15576: 15550: 15525: 15520: 15505: 15400: 15179: 15135: 14960: 14955: 14904: 14829: 14184: 14032: 13922: 13877: 13867: 13797: 13782: 13679: 13664: 13659: 13594: 13559: 13554: 13451: 13401: 13376: 13341: 13306: 13185: 13075: 13065: 13010: 12977: 12862: 12817: 12776: 12771: 12664: 12498: 12478: 12408: 12287: 12267: 12057: 11997: 11609: 11549: 11519: 11434: 11429: 11298: 11194: 11091: 11071: 11031: 10973: 10938: 10933: 10777: 10657: 10234: 10209: 10137: 10095:

The Life and Times of St. Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury and Primate of the Britons,

10067: 9953: 9945: 9125: 5026: 4945: 4919: 4616: 4533: 4417: 4389: 4111: 4022: 3781: 3727:, the student is not identified but the teacher is always recognizably Anselm himself. 3493: 3198: 3170: 3162: 3150: 3142: 3105: 2978: 2792: 2611: 2599: 2354: 2237: 2184: 2111: 1736: 1716: 1686: 1636: 1511: 1506: 1454: 1269: 1079: 1043: 905: 733: 625: 613: 399: 394: 389: 266: 211: 141: 18603: 18556: 15960: 13446: 11791: 11449: 11350: 9986:

The House of Lords in the Middle Ages: A History of the English House of Lords to 1540

9591: 9315: 9289: 9032: 4072:

De Potestate et Impotentia, Possibilitate et Impossibilitate, Necessitate et Libertate

1816: 935: 18900: 18896: 18778: 18763: 18433: 18380: 18360: 18262: 18252: 18179: 18008: 17998: 17791: 17579: 17499: 17227: 17133: 17058: 16713: 16491: 16447: 16425: 16311: 16201: 15970: 15935: 15656: 15641: 15530: 15475: 15314: 15244: 15239: 15116: 14985: 14970: 14939: 14934: 14879: 14854: 14819: 14646: 14408: 14238: 14208: 14057: 14042: 14002: 13927: 13892: 13719: 13629: 13564: 13426: 13421: 13406: 13381: 13356: 13321: 13278: 13170: 13155: 12982: 12874: 12797: 12764: 12744: 12714: 12709: 12578: 12553: 12533: 12528: 12503: 12393: 12378: 12325: 12282: 12254: 11987: 11972: 11861: 11725: 11665: 11599: 11594: 11589: 11510: 11479: 11459: 11345: 11303: 11283: 11199: 11159: 11134: 11023: 10993: 10943: 10928: 10467: 10213: 10102: 10079: 10031: 9989: 9971: 9957: 9838: 9815: 9777: 9745: 9724: 9704: 9647: 9541: 9521: 9485: 9382: 9350: 9273: 9241: 9200: 9182: 9164: 9129: 9107: 9057: 8996: 8955: 8948: 8899: 5030: 4856: 4629: 4576: 4401: 4318:—one who genuinely "nursed a deep-seated horror of worldly advancement"—is upheld by 4275: 4220: 4213:). Eadmer also detailed Anselm's struggles with the English monarchs in his history ( 4119: 3465: 3445:), was written in 1075 and 1076. It follows St Augustine to such an extent that 2982: 2911: 2894: 2776: 2734: 2670: 2607: 2555: 2487:

500 but William refused, encouraged by his courtiers to insist on £1000 as a kind of

2476: 2271: 2196: 2096: 2021: 2006: 2001: 1971: 1941: 1906: 1901: 1826: 1756: 1666: 1437: 1200: 1128: 877: 854: 764:. Otto and Adelaide's unified lands then controlled the most important passes in the 706: 312: 194: 18403: 14100: 13852: 12448: 11806: 11715: 11544: 11534: 9865: 9681: 9570:. Vol. 3 (third ed.). London and New York: Funk and Wagnalls. p. 460. 5108: 5063:

which described the more active process of silently "reaching out into the unknown".

2061: 1866: 604:

As Archbishop of Canterbury, he defended the church's interests in England amid the

18955: 18803: 18666: 18636: 18626: 18621: 18518: 18503: 18149: 18045: 17879: 17699: 17670: 17609: 17547: 17237: 17222: 17168: 17099: 17018: 17013: 16708: 16703: 16683: 16623: 16589: 16470: 16408: 16365: 16322: 16317: 16226: 15794: 15621: 15510: 15425: 15332: 15304: 15279: 15209: 15091: 14789: 14701: 14583: 14573: 14458: 14453: 14373: 14368: 14308: 14283: 14278: 14273: 14263: 14253: 14228: 14203: 14158: 13947: 13942: 13917: 13897: 13777: 13762: 13754: 13704: 13694: 13654: 13486: 13471: 13436: 13411: 13346: 13070: 13055: 13040: 13035: 12699: 12684: 12629: 12619: 12513: 12443: 12433: 12320: 12305: 12128: 11896: 11891: 11816: 11801: 11781: 11569: 11494: 11355: 11239: 11224: 11204: 11149: 11129: 11116: 11061: 10953: 10785: 10171: 10063: 9937: 9737: 9665: 9340: 9285: 9253: 9213: 9160:

Money and the Church in Medieval Europe, 1000–1200: Practice, Morality, and Thought

9007: 7231: 5165: 5104: 4886: 4852: 4597: 4565: 4319: 4271: 4239:

all left full accounts of his struggles against the second and third Norman kings.

4174: 4103: 3920: 3604: 3581: 2957: 2870: 2831: 2691: 2638: 2603: 2567: 2406: 2378: 2338: 2279: 2136: 2131: 2126: 2101: 2031: 1956: 1781: 1691: 1596: 1571: 1541: 1309: 1217: 829: 809:

subsequently revolted against imperial control but was defeated and was ultimately

796:

uncles or cousins; his mother Ermenberge was almost certainly the granddaughter of

781: 753: 656: 492: 13461: 12012: 11901: 11640: 11439: 10517:

The Biographical Dictionary of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge,

4926:

in this world, which under whatever name was nothing but a vision of destruction".

4046:

De Concordia Praescientiae et Praedestinationis et Gratiae Dei cum Libero Arbitrio

18810: 18793: 18748: 18738: 18683: 18656: 18593: 18588: 18573: 18498: 18234: 18224: 17859: 17849: 17650: 17527: 17053: 17028: 16973: 16723: 16688: 16618: 16437: 16353: 16300: 16081: 15985: 15965: 15940: 15886: 15799: 15750: 15661: 15405: 15395: 15154: 14980: 14839: 14726: 14711: 14608: 14568: 14553: 14533: 14478: 14403: 14393: 14363: 14353: 14288: 14258: 14218: 14213: 14037: 13957: 13912: 13857: 13744: 13689: 13579: 13431: 13316: 13243: 13165: 13130: 13030: 12807: 12483: 12473: 12468: 12383: 12351: 12341: 12022: 11911: 11846: 11836: 11760: 11655: 11650: 11554: 11529: 11360: 11340: 11313: 11308: 11278: 11219: 10963: 10790: 10608: 10549: 10515: 10387: 10336: 10203: 10093: 10025: 9965: 9905: 9881: 9861: 9853:

Anselm Studies II: Proceedings of the Fifth International Saint Anselm Conference

9829: 9771: 9718: 9694: 9641: 9535: 9479: 9460: 9376: 9344: 9326: 9225: 9158: 9143: 8784: 5140: 5120: 4665: 4657:

Mariale seu Liber precum Metricarum ad Beatam Virginem Mariam Quotidie Dicendarum

4601: 4461: 4413: 4247: 4232: 4038: 3469: 3238: 3081: 2974: 2924: 2843: 2839: 2827: 2823: 2816: 2796: 2738: 2681: 2538: 2358: 2299: 2121: 2081: 2026: 1961: 1951: 1921: 1916: 1891: 1846: 1831: 1811: 1751: 1696: 1626: 1561: 1120: 1095: 1071: 814: 769: 741: 737: 636:

later reversed papal decisions on the matter and restored York's earlier status.

633: 617: 598: 582: 570: 262: 13952: 12885: 11454: 10583:"Philosophers' Criticisms of Anselm's Ontological Argument for the Being of God" 8969: 5212: 5049: 3237:

works were sometimes dictated by contemporary events, such as his speech at the

2936: 18979: 18783: 18773: 18713: 18661: 18598: 18493: 18418: 18375: 18355: 18144: 18020: 17981: 17675: 17665: 17660: 17584: 17287: 17188: 17109: 17104: 16993: 16978: 16945: 16900: 16829: 16748: 16728: 16678: 16648: 16633: 16628: 16579: 16574: 16553: 16548: 16537: 16511: 16506: 16496: 16453: 16414: 16012: 16007: 15980: 15844: 15822: 15760: 15735: 15121: 15002: 14975: 14781: 14696: 14636: 14578: 14563: 14548: 14528: 14523: 14483: 14473: 14383: 14358: 14343: 14328: 14323: 14303: 14298: 14293: 14233: 14115: 14085: 14070: 14027: 13997: 13972: 13842: 13802: 13767: 13644: 13624: 13609: 13604: 13599: 13519: 13416: 13361: 13296: 13248: 13160: 12987: 12669: 12614: 12403: 12224: 11851: 11826: 11755: 11695: 11469: 11464: 11444: 11399: 11234: 11229: 11174: 11096: 11076: 11013: 10889: 10750: 10667: 8929: 8924:, vol. 2 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, pp. 91–93 7313: 7280: 7235: 5128: 5124: 4998: 4958: 4915: 4808:, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing (A reprint of earlier separate translations) 4561: 4291: 4278:. His thoughts have guided much subsequent discussion on the procession of the 4267: 4255: 3992: 3852: 3710:

An illuminated archbishop—presumably Anselm—from a 12th-century edition of his

3528: 3418: 3109: 3052: 3025: 3002: 2850: 2804: 2730: 2726: 2703: 2591: 2542: 2439: 2424: 2116: 2106: 1931: 1851: 1841: 1711: 1651: 1405: 1378: 1343: 1279: 1192: 1075: 1031: 974: 963: 801: 773: 702: 621: 421: 14804: 11936: 9422: 9081: 8516: 8514: 8512: 8510: 5800: 5785: 5658: 4520:), was dedicated to him in 1900. 800 years after his death, on 21 April 1909, 3096: 2811:

anew. Despite having done so under William, the bishop now refused to violate

2446:

from Lanfranc's initial plans. The eastern end was demolished and an expanded

2066: 18989: 18943: 18753: 18678: 18561: 18541: 18453: 18408: 17619: 17364: 17084: 17033: 16920: 16895: 16884: 16738: 16733: 16658: 16613: 16584: 16558: 16486: 16476: 16442: 16431: 16371: 16334: 16305: 16002: 15930: 15915: 15891: 15827: 15715: 15360: 15034: 14924: 14909: 14889: 14834: 14794: 14598: 14593: 14543: 14538: 14468: 14448: 14413: 14378: 14348: 14318: 14313: 14243: 14138: 14110: 14075: 14007: 13987: 13268: 13263: 13145: 12942: 12739: 12594: 12538: 12493: 12373: 12315: 12229: 12178: 12163: 12032: 12002: 11931: 11624: 11579: 11318: 11288: 11189: 11169: 11154: 11046: 11036: 10923: 10836: 10532: 10528: 10383: 10318: 9993: 9759: 9445: 9027: 8984: 5169: 5132: 4881: 4842: 4541: 4501: 4493: 4446: 4393: 4377: 4349: 4329:

A 19th-century stained-glass window depicting Anselm as archbishop, with his

4259: 4236: 4224: 4166: 4009: 3877: 3866: 3846: 3723: 3585: 3338: 3113: 3048: 3018: 2800: 2747: 2674: 2642: 2595: 2574: 2507: 2412: 2362: 2287: 2016: 1946: 1761: 1746: 1706: 1621: 1576: 1566: 1427: 1353: 1299: 1274: 1002: 896:. Given what he saw as his own conflict of interest, Lanfranc sent Anselm to 749: 648: 413: 364: 75: 16032: 15925: 12068: 9378:

From Judgment to Passion: Devotion to Christ & the Virgin Mary, 800–1200

8862: 5116: 3104:

Anselm has been called "the most luminous and penetrating intellect between

18698: 18688: 18651: 18641: 18631: 18523: 18438: 18370: 18267: 17931: 17655: 17604: 17419: 17409: 17163: 17074: 17003: 16968: 16753: 16743: 16638: 16599: 16501: 16420: 16347: 15881: 15581: 15500: 15440: 14914: 14613: 14603: 14588: 14518: 14493: 14428: 14388: 14338: 14248: 14163: 13967: 13847: 13822: 13391: 13200: 12992: 12930: 12812: 12654: 12599: 12272: 12017: 11956: 11866: 11675: 11335: 11139: 10978: 10918: 10504: 10175: 9643:

The Churches of Eastern Christendom: From A.D. 451 to the Present Time

9000: 8943: 8507: 8287: 8285: 8283: 8252: 8250: 8202: 8200: 8198: 7988: 7986: 7984: 7913: 7911: 7909: 7907: 7905: 7903: 7901: 7899: 7837: 7835: 7833: 7831: 7351: 5127:. In addition to Gaunilo, other notable objectors to its reasoning include 5021:

conjectures it may have derived from Anselm's secondhand acquaintance with

4549: 4385: 4162: 3904: 3609: 3451: 3157:. He or the thinkers in northern France who shortly followed him—including 3138: 3125: 3029: 3014: 2953: 2719: 2563: 2483:, and needed funds. Anselm was among those expected to pay him. He offered 2366: 2318: 2303: 2141: 1681: 1556: 1395: 873: 870: 818: 765: 705:

sometime between April 1033 and April 1034. The area now forms part of the

695: 681:

A plaque commemorating the supposed birthplace of Anselm in Anselm street,

647:

approach, which have sometimes caused him to be credited as the founder of

578: 554: 550: 484: 417: 307: 151: 55: 45: 16161: 11941: 11730: 10489:"St Anselm (1033–1109) The most eminent thinker and theologian of his age" 9042:. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 81–83. 6473: 6471: 6363: 6361: 6216: 6214: 6002: 5968: 5923: 5863: 5861: 5859: 5857: 5815: 5673: 1146: 18718: 18703: 18583: 18578: 18124: 18057: 17976: 17941: 17921: 17589: 17449: 17424: 17262: 17193: 17178: 17153: 17119: 17043: 17008: 16988: 16983: 16915: 16845: 16464: 16017: 15955: 15920: 15740: 14874: 14721: 14513: 14508: 14503: 14498: 14488: 14438: 14433: 14423: 14398: 14333: 14223: 14022: 14012: 13992: 13862: 13837: 13366: 13273: 13060: 12832: 12644: 12639: 12604: 12568: 12563: 12558: 12548: 12523: 12488: 12423: 12413: 11951: 11921: 11886: 11881: 11856: 11841: 11811: 11409: 11404: 11381: 11273: 11268: 11249: 11214: 11124: 10913: 10541: 9910:"A Computationally-Discovered Simplification of the Ontological Argument" 9439: 7765: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5742: 5060: 4848: 4521: 4513: 4421: 4365: 4279: 4263: 4014: 3928: 3908: 3899: 3833: 3755:

Between 1080 and 1086, while still at Bec, Anselm composed the dialogues

3736:("On the Grammarian"), of uncertain date, deals with eliminating various 3617: 3186: 3085: 3069: 3061: 2998:

and did not know, once he was gone, if another was likely to compose it.

2923:

Even after this, Anselm refused to return to England. Henry travelled to

2874: 2497: 2463: 2401:, and gained strong authority over the Irish bishops. He died before the 2291: 2151: 2146: 2056: 2046: 2036: 1936: 1776: 1771: 1741: 1676: 1656: 1292: 1196: 562: 433: 270: 17510: 16774: 16221: 16156: 8280: 8247: 8195: 8001: 7981: 7896: 7828: 7798: 7763: 7761: 7759: 7757: 7755: 7753: 7751: 7749: 7747: 7745: 6699: 6697: 6695: 6693: 6691: 5740: 5738: 5736: 5734: 5732: 5730: 5728: 5726: 5724: 5722: 5465: 5463: 5461: 5459: 5457: 5455: 5453: 5451: 5449: 3740:

arising from the grammar of Latin nouns and adjectives by examining the

18646: 18443: 18365: 18350: 18139: 18109: 18072: 18030: 18025: 17956: 17594: 17343: 17323: 17183: 17173: 16385: 15849: 15470: 15234: 15194: 15174: 14884: 14558: 14443: 14418: 14268: 14105: 13386: 12837: 12659: 12310: 12138: 12037: 11414: 11330: 10998: 10858: 10523:, London: Longman, Brown, Green, & Longmans, 1843, pp. 852–858 9949: 9277: 9245: 8913: 6689: 6687: 6685: 6683: 6681: 6679: 6677: 6675: 6673: 6671: 6211: 5646: 5447: 5445: 5443: 5441: 5439: 5437: 5435: 5433: 5431: 5429: 5056: 4704:

Beiträge zur Geschichte der Philosophie und Theologie des Mittelalters

4434: 4325: 3996: 3970:

De Fide Trinitatis et de Incarnatione Verbi Contra Blasphemias Ruzelini

3523: 3512: 3282: 3218: 3129: 3065: 2916: 2862: 2835: 2501: 2459: 2310:. The same day, William II finally returned the lands of the see. 2253: 1601: 1314: 1222: 1035: 1006: 985: 885: 644: 594: 358: 16206: 12081: 10312: 9258:"Truth, Justice and Moral Responsibility in the Thought of St. Anselm" 1094:

in 1066, devoted lords had given the abbey extensive lands across the

18788: 18513: 18335: 18164: 18129: 18114: 18077: 17494: 17384: 17292: 17282: 17252: 16521: 16171: 16151: 16131: 15705: 15646: 15555: 15485: 15430: 15294: 15274: 15111: 15076: 14864: 14771: 14463: 14125: 13977: 13220: 13085: 12962: 12802: 12674: 11573: 11259: 10853: 10622: 10242:

Vaughn, Sally N. (Autumn 1974), "St. Anselm: Reluctant Archbishop?",

10058:

Robson, Michael (June 1996), "Saint Anselm and his Father, Gundulf",

9610: 9397:"Treasures in Earthen Vessels: Treasures from Lambeth Palace Library" 9233: 8731: 7742: 6126: 5719: 5018: 4936: 4517: 4287: 3984: 3836:, they are incapable of doing so in practice except by divine grace. 3792: 3749: 3741: 3248: 3178: 3121: 2886: 2812: 2741:

and on clerics doing homage. Anselm departed the next day, first for

2707: 2699: 2698:

before 185 bishops. Although this is sometimes portrayed as a failed

2695: 2493: 1333: 1237: 1059: 1017: 998: 939: 897: 881: 793: 677: 640: 586: 10598: 9941: 7520: 6668: 5426: 800:, related both to the Anselmid bishops of Aosta and to the heirs of 18855: 18845: 18330: 18325: 18320: 18272: 18119: 18035: 18003: 17916: 17908: 17599: 17574: 17542: 17537: 17348: 17333: 17318: 17313: 17232: 16840: 16280: 16196: 16186: 16176: 16141: 16099: 15591: 15560: 15515: 15490: 15448: 15385: 15355: 15249: 15017: 14849: 14686: 14666: 13724: 13674: 13476: 13205: 13015: 12857: 12754: 12724: 12418: 12277: 12244: 12052: 11473: 11051: 11003: 10908: 10898: 10868: 10848: 10812: 10640: 10570: 10566: 9967:

Gothic Kings of Britain: The Lives of 31 Medieval Rulers, 1016-1399

7379:

A letter of 16 August 1841 by Lord Bolton, possibly to W. R. Lyall.

5022: 4584: 4154: 4056: 3980: 3745: 3718: 3242: 2990: 2780: 2686: 2661:. Anselm arrived in Rome by April and, according to his biographer 2654: 2455: 2241: 2179: 1546: 1516: 1422: 1412: 1390: 1319: 1067: 1013: 1009: 990: 943: 858: 789: 566: 437: 131: 10545: 9195:

Duggan, Charles (1965), "From the Conquest to the Death of John",

4734:(in Latin and English), South Bend: University of Notre Dame Press 4722:(in Latin and English), South Bend: University of Notre Dame Press 2842:

instead, renouncing his claims for an annual payment of 3000

2260:

into his hands, and bodily carrying him to a nearby church amid a

18962: 18104: 18015: 17936: 17926: 17569: 17522: 16998: 16261: 16251: 16216: 16166: 16136: 16120: 15606: 15601: 15540: 15460: 15199: 14741: 14716: 14661: 14178: 14143: 13584: 13539: 13301: 13238: 13093: 12458: 12239: 12234: 11505: 11394: 11244: 10983: 10958: 10873: 10801: 10755: 10116: 9265: 9106:(3rd ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 73–75, 5958: 5956: 4334: 4330: 4286:. His work also anticipates much of the later controversies over 4107: 3939: 3737: 3643: 3216:) considered that his aptest motto was the original title of the 3158: 2808: 2742: 2519: 2488: 2322: 2262: 2257: 1871: 1526: 1491: 1449: 1444: 1323: 332: 328: 8781:"Archbishop Welby launches monastic community at Lambeth Palace" 7189: 7187: 6933: 6931: 6929: 6927: 6925: 6923: 6853: 4345: 3839: 876:

in Normandy. Attracted by Lanfranc's reputation, Anselm reached

18174: 18067: 17946: 16865: 16191: 16104: 15631: 15420: 15309: 14746: 14681: 14671: 14656: 14631: 13684: 13311: 12781: 12388: 11086: 10968: 10863: 10299:

Vaughn, Sally N. (Summer 1988), "Anselm: Saint and Statesman",

9664: 8974:

The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Other Principal Saints,

7398: 5515: 5513: 5511: 5232: 5230: 5153: 4315: 4243: 4198: 3916: 3656:) argues that we cannot arbitrarily pass from idea to reality ( 3206: 3182: 3133: 3073: 2882: 2878: 2662: 2582: 2435: 2420: 1631: 1591: 1551: 889: 10557: 9537:

Reading Medieval Anchoritism: Ideology and Spiritual Practices

9469:, London: Mackie & Co. for His Majesty's Stationery Office 8548: 8546: 8544: 6959: 6392: 5953: 4780: 4699:

Ein neues unvollendetes Werk des heilige Anselm von Canterbury

2964:. The location of Anselm's relics, however, remains uncertain. 643:, Anselm composed dialogues and treatises with a rational and 632:

but, though at his death he appeared to have been successful,

339:

A ship, representing the spiritual independence of the Church.

17951: 17504: 15350: 15106: 15045: 14736: 14731: 14706: 14676: 14651: 14168: 14153: 14148: 13258: 12946: 12609: 10594:

Lewis E 5 De casu diaboli (On the Fall of the Devil) at OPenn

9700:: The History of Anselm's Argument and its Significance Today 9290:"Incarnation and Atonement: An Anselmian Response to Aulén's 9269: 9229: 9098:

Cross, Frank Leslie; Livingstone, Elizabeth A., eds. (2005),

9031: 8315: 8080: 8068: 8056: 7818: 7816: 6841: 6812: 6800: 5943: 5941: 5043: 4940: 4425: 4353: 3924: 3912: 3804: 3706: 3613: 3174: 3044: 2956:

and consecrated on 21 April 2006 at a ceremony including the

2949: 2514: 2451: 994: 909: 893: 862: 698: 682: 558: 536: 324: 186: 10301:

Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies,

10268:

Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies,

10244:

Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies,

9776:, King's Lynn: Biddles for McGill–Queen's University Press, 8665: 7609: 7607: 6380: 5350: 5227: 3791:

elaborates Anselm's reasoning on correctness with regard to

17532: 14195: 14173: 14133: 13351: 11056: 10403: 10327:. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 10157:"Anselm as author: Publishing in the late eleventh century" 10020: 9454:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 8829: 8574: 5103:

Variations of the argument were elaborated and defended by

4935:

Direct knowledge of Plato's works was still quite limited.

4442: 4141: 4026: 3681:, Grzesik, and others to construct replies for him and led 3241:

or the need to refute his association with the thinking of

2995: 2752: 2710:, but Anselm later collected his arguments on the topic as 2650: 2442:(1108–1126), Anselm's episcopate also saw the expansion of 2333:

for this purpose but William would not permit it. Amid the

2330: 2326: 1661: 958: 846: 507: 303: 19096:

Pre-Reformation saints of the Lutheran liturgical calendar

8989:

Church, Kingship, and Lay Investiture in England 1089–1135

8622: 7813: 7498: 7496: 7063: 6114: 5938: 5842: 5773: 5386: 5254: 5017:, but didn't explain why he chose to use the Greek forms. 4790:(in Latin and English), Kalamazoo: Cistercian Publications 4745:

The Complete Works of St. Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury

4709:(in Latin and German), Munster: Aschendorf, pp. 22–43 4412:

is commemorated on the day of his death, 21 April, by the

3642:

has rarely seemed satisfactory and was swiftly opposed by

3468:, although not addressed by that name, is dealt with as a 17614: 8696: 8270: 8268: 8139: 7594: 7592: 7590: 7481: 7007: 7005: 6831: 6829: 6827: 6776: 6440: 6404: 6017: 5688: 4967:. Nam et hoc credo, quia, nisi credidero, non intelligam. 3677:) does not address this argument directly, which has led 3141:, as it was reconciled with Christianity in the works of 2877:, and drunkenness to all those in holy orders, condemned 2858: 2484: 2369:

Anselm as archbishop on 4 December, without the pallium.

2349:

each other twice; bishops loyal to Henry finally elected

2248:

behavior was responsible, he summoned Anselm to hear his

2245: 833:

Monument to St Anselm in Aosta, Xavier de Maistre street.

498: 8610: 8529: 8305: 8303: 8099: 8097: 8095: 7951: 7949: 7947: 7945: 7943: 7941: 7882: 7880: 7665: 7663: 7588: 7586: 7584: 7582: 7580: 7578: 7576: 7574: 7572: 7570: 7455: 7453: 7451: 7415: 7413: 7022: 7020: 6654: 6652: 6650: 6648: 6264: 6262: 6201: 6199: 6197: 6195: 6182: 6180: 6092: 6090: 6088: 5340: 5338: 3455:; Anselm even acknowledges his debt to that work in the 2313:

From the mid-8th century, it had become the custom that

10362:(1993), "In Defense of Gaunilo's Defense of the Fool", 9179:

Seeking the Truth in Love: The Church and Homosexuality

8383: 8327: 8171: 7855: 7853: 7493: 6865: 6724: 6712: 6616: 6614: 6597: 6595: 6593: 6490: 6274: 6249: 6247: 6234: 6232: 5988: 5986: 5709: 5707: 5705: 5703: 5152:

The title is a reference to Anselm's invocation of the

4759:(in Latin and English), Oxford: Oxford University Press 9886:"Reflections on the Logic of the Ontological Argument" 8495: 8467: 8419: 8265: 7695: 7087: 7002: 6824: 5901: 5899: 5897: 5895: 5893: 5891: 5889: 5887: 5885: 5883: 5761: 5636: 5634: 5498: 5496: 5135:, with the most thorough analysis having been done by 5013:

Anselm requested the works be retitled in a letter to

4679:

The Devotions of Saint Anselm Archbishop of Canterbury

4165:

have characterized these writings as expressions of a

3616:, and "the one love common to and Son, that is, the 3084:'s and likely remained entombed near the altar of the 2985:

had received his own pallium directly and insisted on

18927: 9851:

Olsen, Glenn (1988), "St. Anselm and Homosexuality",

9567:

New Schaff–Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge

8407: 8395: 8300: 8215: 8183: 8092: 7938: 7865: 7712: 7710: 7630: 7628: 7626: 7567: 7448: 7434: 7432: 7075: 7032: 7017: 6990: 6947: 6908: 6788: 6748: 6578: 6566: 6554: 6526: 6514: 6416: 6346: 6259: 6192: 6177: 6165: 6102: 6085: 6073: 6061: 5911: 5830: 5632: 5630: 5628: 5626: 5624: 5622: 5620: 5618: 5616: 5614: 5599: 5483: 5481: 5414: 5335: 5266: 4747:] (in Latin), Stuttgart: Friedrich Fromann Verlag 4650:(in Latin and French), Louvain: Vanlinthout & Cie 2655:

Western doctrine of the procession of the Holy Spirit

504: 501: 16767:

indicate a person who was elected but not confirmed.

9197:

The English Church and the Papacy in the Middle Ages

8708: 8682: 8680: 8643: 8641: 8639: 8637: 8562: 7850: 6877: 6611: 6502: 6428: 6244: 6229: 6138: 5700: 4081:("On Mankind's Morals, Told Through Likenesses") or 4025:. As in his earlier works, Anselm instead held that 3851:'s prologue, from a 12th-century manuscript held at 748:

was subsequently permitted to inherit the extensive

510: 9416:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 214–234 9046: 8653: 7926: 7508: 6631: 6629: 6155: 6153: 5880: 5585: 5583: 5534: 5532: 5493: 5191: 4488:and by kings William II and Henry I. The 4219:). Another was compiled about fifty years later by 3953:The first page of a 12th-century manuscript of the 3169:—inaugurated "one of the most brilliant periods of 953:summoned Lanfranc to serve as the abbot of his new 513: 495: 30:"Saint Anselm" redirects here. For other uses, see 10507:in 1999 on the 50th anniversary of its refounding. 10006:The Early History of the House of Savoy: 1000-1233 9837:, (reprinted by Cambridge University Press 2013), 9218:""Iustitia Dei" as the "Ratio" of the Incarnation" 8947: 8598: 8586: 8371: 8127: 6736: 6318: 5611: 5478: 5362: 5242: 4751: 4741:S. Anselmi Cantuariensis Archiepiscopi Opera Omnia 2861:and was thus eligible to wed and become queen. On 15785: 12915: 10338:The Architectural History of Canterbury Cathedral 9828:Ollard, Sidney Leslie; et al., eds. (1931), 9773:Central Works of Philosophy: Ancient and Medieval 9675:, vol. 12, New York: Robert Appleton Company 8728:"The Stained Glass of Canterbury, Modern Edition" 8634: 5072:See note above on the renaming of Anselm's works. 4492:, named in his honor, was established in Rome by 3043:, who requested permission to translate Anselm's 2873:within England. The council prohibited marriage, 736:, so distinguished himself that he was granted a 18987: 10697: 10493:Canterbury Historical and Archaeological Society 10460:Anselm of Canterbury and the Desire for the Word 10062:, vol. 69, no. 169, pp. 197–200, 9983: 9903: 9879: 9859: 9827: 9621:, vol. 1, New York: Robert Appleton Company 9328:Catalogue of Manuscripts in the British Museum, 9097: 8873: 8760:Canterbury Historical and Archaeological Society 8437: 8233: 8157: 8086: 8074: 8062: 8042: 8022: 7967: 7784: 7650: 7557: 7541: 7247: 7193: 7112:Canterbury Historical and Archaeological Society 6937: 6398: 6150: 5962: 5519: 4872:Saint Anselm of Canterbury, patron saint archive 4772: 4087:("On Likenesses"). A collection of his sayings ( 3983:and Anselm from association with the supposedly 3898:for mankind's sin. Anselm argues that, owing to 3437:An Example of Meditation on the Reason for Faith 2889:. Anselm also obtained a resolution against the 2684:in October, Anselm delivered his defence of the 977:, and elsewhere. During this time, he wrote the 19046:12th-century English Roman Catholic theologians 19041:11th-century English Roman Catholic theologians 19026:11th-century English Roman Catholic archbishops 19021:12th-century English Roman Catholic archbishops 9163:, Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, pp. 77–92, 7230:A letter of 9 January 1753 by "S.S." (probably 3399:beginning of an 11th-century manuscript of the 2469: 9831:Archbishop Herring's Visitation Returns 1743, 9533: 9462:Report on Manuscripts in Various Collections, 9272:: Éditions Nauwelaerts/ Beatrice-Nauwelaerts. 8552: 5168:and Thomas Williams date it to 1059–60, while 2865:in 1102, Anselm was finally able to convene a 685:, Italy. (The identification may be spurious.) 17465: 16790: 16062: 16048: 15061: 12901: 12097: 12073: 10683: 10364:Christian Perspectives on Religious Knowledge 10345: 9999: 9152: 9104:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 8850:. Par M.C. de Remusat. Didier, Paris, 1853", 8485: 6386: 5652: 5356: 4963:Neque enim quaero intelligere ut credam, sed 4785: 4590: 4134:("On Unleavened and Leavened Sacrifice") and 4034:De Processione Spiritus Sancti Contra Graecos 4004:De Conceptu Virginali et de Originali Peccato 3826:)—and two forms of evil: injustice and harm ( 3694:s argument concerns and can only concern the 3332:While archbishop of Canterbury, he composed: 2940:The Altar of St Anselm in his chapel at 2217: 10389:Course of the History of Modern Philosophy, 10358: 9484:, Eugene: Wipf & Stock, pp. 42–44, 9119: 9022:, South Bend: University of Notre Dame Press 9020:by Gaunilo and the Author's Reply to Gaunilo 9006: 8935:Letter to Cuthbert, archbishop of Canterbury 8852:The Rambler, A Catholic Journal and Review, 8145: 7613: 7388: 6965: 6120: 5947: 5848: 5779: 5694: 5260: 5236: 4726: 4697: 4169:inclination. The general view, expressed by 2641:and Anselm of Canterbury in the Presence of 2329:himself. Anselm insisted that he journey to 1062:commemorating the connection between it and 1024:in 1092, Anselm composed the first draft of 19156:11th-century people from the Savoyard State 10048:Anselme d'Aoste, notes bio-bibliographiques 9432:, Lublin: Polish Thomas Aquinas Association 9365:The Letters of Saint Anselm of Canterbury, 9284: 9252: 9212: 9120:Davies, Brian; Leftow, Brian, eds. (2004), 7350:A letter of 31 March 1753 by P. Bradley to 5172:places it "probably... shortly after" 1087. 5047: 4984: 4978: 4794: 4766:The Prayers and Meditations of Saint Anselm 4471: 4465: 4214: 4208: 4204:Vita et Conversatione Anselmi Cantuariensis 4202: 4148: 4135: 4129: 4123: 4097: 4096:Anselm wrote nearly 500 surviving letters ( 4088: 4082: 4076: 4070: 4050: 4044: 4032: 4002: 3974: 3968: 3954: 3932: 3875: 3844: 3827: 3821: 3815: 3809: 3786: 3774: 3768: 3762: 3756: 3731: 3672: 3666: 3657: 3651: 3571: 3560: 3550: 3540: 3440: 3430: 3381: 3372: 3363: 3354: 3345: 3336: 3324: 3316: 3307: 3298: 3289: 3280: 3271: 3261: 3228: 2989:'s independence. From his deathbed, Anselm 2711: 2372: 577:from 1093 to 1109. After his death, he was 17479: 17472: 17458: 16797: 16783: 16055: 16041: 15068: 15054: 12908: 12894: 12104: 12090: 10690: 10676: 10294:, Berkeley: University of California Press 9866:"On the Logic of the Ontological Argument" 9736: 9459:Historical Manuscripts Commission (1901), 9414:Boethius: His Life, Thought, and Influence 8772: 7346: 7344: 7342: 5380: 3795:. He does not consider this a capacity to 3128:tenets of faith, traditionally taken as a 3076:and its contents "disposed of" during the 2594:had begun to recover their lands from the 2357:had recognized Gregory and his successors 2224: 2210: 1016:and Anselm at his trial for the heresy of 740:carved out of the secular holdings of the 608:. For his resistance to the English kings 74: 18871:Relationship between religion and science 17370:Shahab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi 16804: 10101:, London: Kegan Paul, Trench, & Co., 9515: 9506: 9497: 9363:Fröhlich, Walter (1990), "Introduction", 9339: 7487: 6847: 6818: 6806: 6782: 6658: 4788:The Letters of Saint Anselm of Canterbury 3487:records his own dissatisfaction with the 3203:Ten Homilies on the First Epistle of John 2944:. It was constructed by English sculptor 2758: 2431:Although the work was largely handled by 2409:finally found in favour of York instead. 2302:to William, and—on 25 September 1093—was 1074:were all priors at Bec before serving as 970:, Bishop of Évreux, on 22 February 1079. 15090: 10560:at Prof. Jasper Hopkin's homepage. 10464:The Catholic University of America Press 10225: 10198: 9758: 9716: 9362: 9324: 9181:, Darton, Longman and Todd, p. 18, 9026: 8702: 8671: 8628: 8616: 8535: 8333: 8177: 7886: 7669: 7502: 7471: 7419: 7373: 6766: 6730: 6718: 6620: 6601: 6496: 6051: 6035: 5992: 5767: 5605: 5420: 5344: 4838:, various places named in Anselm's honor 4803: 4596: 4433: 4344: 4324: 4298:, which drew strongly on Anselm's work. 4184: 3948: 3838: 3705: 3590: 3390: 3247: 3095: 2935: 2762: 2621: 2562:to Italy, prevailing on Urban to send a 2513: 2411: 2236:At Christmas, William II pledged by the 1133: 1053: 1012:attempted to appeal to the authority of 934: 828: 676: 17141: 12111: 10581: 10402: 10310: 10044: 10009:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 9927: 9809: 9794:, Princeton: Princeton University Press 9789: 9559: 9473: 9420: 9381:, New York: Columbia University Press, 9079: 8942: 8928: 8845: 8714: 8580: 8568: 8520: 8457: 7339: 7155: 7050: 6977: 6895: 6883: 6871: 6859: 6477: 6367: 6132: 6008: 5974: 5929: 5905: 5867: 5821: 5806: 5791: 5679: 5664: 5502: 5392: 5272: 4779:(Hopkins's translations available here 4738: 4695: 3100:A late 16th-century engraving of Anselm 2450:placed over a large and well-decorated 2405:was definitively settled, however, and 14: 18988: 17797:Proper basis and Reformed epistemology 15569: 11691:Wilhelm Emmanuel Freiherr von Ketteler 10331: 10298: 10289: 10277: 10265: 10253: 10241: 10154: 10135: 10114: 10073: 10057: 9984:Powell, J. Enoch; et al. (1968), 9963: 9798: 9659: 9574: 9560:Jackson, Samuel Macauley, ed. (1909). 9540:, Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 9509:The Making of England: 55 B.C. to 1399 9407: 9374: 9194: 9141: 8983: 8967: 8886: 8846:"Reviews: St. Gregory and St. Anselm: 8753: 8659: 8501: 8473: 8425: 8413: 8401: 8361: 8345: 8321: 8309: 8274: 8221: 8189: 8103: 7955: 7932: 7871: 7859: 7822: 7701: 7598: 7514: 7459: 7404: 7226: 7224: 7222: 7174: 7093: 7081: 7069: 7038: 7026: 7011: 6996: 6953: 6914: 6835: 6794: 6754: 6742: 6584: 6572: 6560: 6544: 6532: 6520: 6508: 6458: 6446: 6434: 6422: 6410: 6352: 6336: 6308: 6292: 6280: 6268: 6253: 6238: 6205: 6186: 6171: 6108: 6096: 6079: 6067: 6023: 5917: 5836: 5713: 5640: 5487: 5368: 4636: 4193:of Eadmer composing Anselm's biography 3942:and for its subsequent development in 3491:s arguments, since they are rooted in 3252:A mid-17th century engraving of Anselm 3055:during his minority.) Herring ordered 2767:The life of St Anselm told in 16 904:, who convinced him to enter Bec as a 728:then went to war over the succession. 709:, but Aosta had been part of the post- 17453: 16778: 16036: 15049: 12889: 12085: 12072: 10671: 10205:St. Anselm: A Portrait in a Landscape 10189: 9988:, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 9850: 9692: 9679: 9437: 9313: 8970:"St Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury" 8778: 8604: 8389: 8377: 8133: 7732: 7716: 7685: 7634: 7438: 7138:, Seattle: Groundspeak, 28 April 2012 6144: 5248: 4797:Anselm of Canterbury: The Major Works 4773:Hopkins, Jasper; et al. (1976), 4713: 4676:Webb, Clement Charles Julian (1903), 4663: 4659:(in Latin), London: Burns & Oates 4654: 4368:records that, when a child, he had a 3595:A 12th-century illumination from the 1040:Robert de Beaumont, Earl of Leicester 880:in 1059. After spending some time in 17243:Ikhwan al-Safa' (Brethren of Purity) 10589:, New York: Fordham University, 1998 10558:St Anselm's works and related essays 10510: 10450: 10437: 10424: 10411: 10354:, London: George G. Harrap & Co. 10091: 9723:, Oxford: Oxford University Press , 9639: 9608: 9520:, New Haven: Yale University Press, 9511:, Lexington: D. C. Heath and Company 9430:Universal Encyclopedia of Philosophy 9394: 9370:, Kalamazoo: Cistercian Publications 9330:New Series Vol. I, Pt. II: 9320:, London: Longmans, Green, & Co. 9070: 8879: 8686: 8647: 6635: 6324: 6159: 5589: 5570: 5554: 5538: 5404: 5325: 5309: 4763: 4675: 4078:De Humanis Moribus per Similitudines 3535:, "Discourse"), originally entitled 3425:, "Monologue"), originally entitled 2789:was killed hunting in the New Forest 10546:Christian Classics Ethereal Library 10142:Christian Classics Ethereal Library 10122:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 10078:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 9688:, Dordrecht: Kluwer, pp. 69–88 9458: 9176: 8867:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 8861: 8854:Vol. XII, No. 71 & 72 8592: 8291: 8256: 8206: 8007: 7992: 7917: 7841: 7804: 7526: 7363: 7329: 7296: 7263: 7219: 7209: 5752: 4939:'s incomplete Latin translation of 4795:Davies, Brian; et al. (1998), 4727:Charlesworth, Maxwell John (1965), 3442:Exemplum Meditandi de Ratione Fidei 3427:A Monologue on the Reason for Faith 3210: 2665:, lived beside the pope during the 24: 13808:Forty Martyrs of England and Wales 12926:Dicastery for the Causes of Saints 10376: 10346:Wilmot-Buxton, Ethel Mary (1915), 10117:"Anselm of Canterbury (1033–1109)" 10068:10.1111/j.1468-2281.1996.tb01851.x 9917:Australasian Journal of Philosophy 8911: 8898:: University of California Press, 8830:Protestant Episcopal Church (2019) 8779:Lodge, Carey (18 September 2015). 7769: 6703: 6220: 5469: 4404:in 1494 or 1497 at the request of 3991:, as well as arguing in favour of 3767:("On the Freedom of Choice"), and 3562:id quo nihil maius cogitari possit 3005:, 21 April 1109. His remains were 1042:and the new Archbishop of Rouen, 1030:as a rebuttal and as a defence of 792:noble, probably one of Adelaide's 25: 19187: 19036:12th-century Italian philosophers 19031:11th-century Italian philosophers 16073:List of archbishops of Canterbury 10486: 10480: 10341:, Oxford: I. Shrimpton for Parker 9502:, New York: John Wiley & Sons 9314:Foley, George Cadwalader (1909), 9148:, London: George Philip & Son 9122:The Cambridge Companion to Anselm 7105: 4799:, Oxford: Oxford University Press 4490:Pontifical Atheneum of St. Anselm 4131:De Sacrificio Azymi et Fermentati 3366:De Sacrificio Azymi et Fermentati 2853:which found that Henry's beloved 2657:against representatives from the 2298:from his duties in Normandy, did 716:until the death of the childless 589:is 21 April. He was proclaimed a 27:Archbishop, theologian, and saint 18973: 18961: 18949: 18937: 18906: 18905: 18895: 15028: 15016: 14895:María de las Maravillas de Jesús 14752:Seven Maccabees and their mother 13938:Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War 12868: 12856: 12750:Stratification of emotional life 12199: 12193: 12187: 12051: 10574: 10370:: William B. Eerdmans Publishing 10045:Rivolin, Joseph-Gabriel (2009), 9801:Revue philosophique de Louvain, 9669:, in Herbermann, Charles (ed.), 9615:, in Herbermann, Charles (ed.), 9553: 9500:Medieval Europe: A Short History 9474:Holland, Richard A. Jr. (2012), 9317:Anselm's Theory of the Atonement 9073:Portrait of Canterbury Cathedral 8798: 8747: 8720: 8431: 8227: 8151: 8118: 8109: 8036: 8016: 7961: 7778: 7306: 7279:A letter of 23 December 1752 by 7273: 7234:but possibly Samuel Stedman) to 7124: 7099: 5159: 5146: 5097: 5084: 5075: 5066: 5036: 5007: 4992: 4971: 4952: 4929: 4637:Ubaghs, Gerard Casimir (1854), 4428: 4420:, and some forms of High Church 3871:Satisfaction theory of atonement 3858: 3659:de posse ad esse not fit illatio 3383: 3374: 3365: 3356: 3347: 3318: 2867:general church council at London 2713: 2585:, upon the grave illness of the 2190: 2178: 1186: 1178: 1170: 1145: 1026: 888:or to renounce them, becoming a 857:for three years. His countryman 491: 463:Satisfaction theory of atonement 19141:Burials at Canterbury Cathedral 19131:Pre-Reformation Anglican saints 16851:Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite 15677:Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite 11009:Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite 10632:Guillaume de Montfort-sur-Risle 10231:Saint Anselm and His Biographer 9875:, vol. 5, pp. 509–529 9717:Luscombe, David Edward (1997), 9238:Librairie philosophique J. Vrin 9056:. New York: Church Publishing. 8979:, D. & J. Sadlier & Co. 8954:, University Of Chicago Press, 4908: 4899: 4696:Schmitt, Franz Sales (1936), " 4692:, and some prayers and letters) 4357: 4061: 3976:Epistolae de Incarnatione Verbi 3556: 3273: 3256:While at Bec, Anselm composed: 2900: 2838:compelled Robert to accept the 2545:of England met in a council at 2353:, as a second pope. In France, 989:. He then composed a series of 979: 925: 19056:12th-century Christian mystics 19051:11th-century Christian mystics 17024:Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt 15075: 10722:History of the Catholic Church 10599:Académie Saint Anselme d'Aoste 10391:Vol. II, Lecture IX: 10212:: Cambridge University Press, 10001:Previté-Orton, Charles William 9481:God, Time, and the Incarnation 9408:Gibson, Margaret (1981), "The 9325:Forshall, Josiah, ed. (1840), 9128:: Cambridge University Press, 8995:: Princeton University Press, 8087:Oppenheimer & Zalta (2011) 8075:Oppenheimer & Zalta (2007) 8063:Oppenheimer & Zalta (1991) 7312:A letter of 6 January 1753 by 6938:Cross & Livingstone (2005) 5963:Cross & Livingstone (2005) 5520:Cross & Livingstone (2005) 5278: 5197: 4786:Fröhlich, Walter (1990–1994), 4739:Schmitt, Franz Sales (1968), 4706:, Vol. XXXIII, No. 3 4470:("Magnificent Doctor") or the 3962: 3923:that had focused primarily on 3638:The argument presented in the 3435:) and sometimes also known as 3357:De Processione Spiritus Sancti 3309: 3300: 3291: 3263: 2931: 2791:on 2 August 1100. His brother 2714:De Processione Spiritus Sancti 2617: 2566:bearing Canterbury's pallium. 2351:Guibert, archbishop of Ravenna 930: 914: 241:Monk, prior, abbot, archbishop 13: 1: 19161:11th-century writers in Latin 19126:Italian Roman Catholic saints 15810:Giovanni Pico della Mirandola 14860:Faustina and Liberata of Como 14048:Zanitas and Lazarus of Persia 13993:Teresa Benedicta of the Cross 12917:Saints of the Catholic Church 11371:Giovanni Pico della Mirandola 10768:History of Christian theology 10567:Works by Anselm of Canterbury 10280:Journal of Medieval History, 10256:Journal of Medieval History, 10164:The Journal of Medieval Latin 9631:: CS1 maint: date and year ( 9534:Hughes-Edwards, Mari (2012), 9516:Hollister, C. Warren (2003), 9507:Hollister, C. Warren (1983), 9498:Hollister, C. Warren (1982), 9153:Dinkova-Bruun, Greti (2015), 9018:A Reply on Behalf of the Fool 8838: 8444:, p. 254, translated by 8240:, p. 185, translated by 8164:, p. 103, translated by 8049:, p. 117, translated by 8029:, p. 115, translated by 7974:, p. 104, translated by 4664:Deane, Sidney Norton (1903), 4615:; republished with errors by 4340: 3576:) but it became known as the 3547:An Address on God's Existence 3504: 3406: 2857:had not technically become a 2745:—where he completed his work 2630: 1049: 966:. He was blessed as abbot by 824: 32:Saint Anselm (disambiguation) 19146:11th-century Italian writers 18836:Desacralization of knowledge 10699:History of Catholic theology 10237:: Cambridge University Press 10074:Rogers, Katherin A. (2008), 10027:Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018 9575:Janaro, John (Spring 2006), 9302:Canadian Journal of Theology 9047:Church Pension Fund (2010). 8869:, Stanford University, 2000 5286:"Saint Anselm of Canterbury" 5179: 4877:Slavery in the British Isles 4714:Henry, Desmond Paul (1964), 4464:in 1720; he is known as the 3701: 3648:abbey of Marmoutier in Tours 3631: 3626:The Manual of St Austin 3432:Monoloquium de Ratione Fidei 3149:, with his understanding of 3047:to Italy. (Charles had been 2977:to send the pallium for the 2718:. Under pressure from their 2470:Conflicts with William Rufus 949:Three years later, in 1063, 918:. Over the next decade, the 762:William V, Duke of Aquitaine 670: 521:; 1033/4–1109), also called 7: 18248:Best of all possible worlds 18205:Eschatological verification 17762:Fine-tuning of the universe 12342:Theological intellectualism 10573:(public domain audiobooks) 10458:Sweeney, Eileen C. (2012), 10194:. Harvard University Press. 10022:Protestant Episcopal Church 9790:Marrone, Steven P. (2014), 9395:Gale, Colin (5 July 2010), 9346:The Orthodox Eastern Church 9086:, John J. Crawley & Co. 8912:Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878), 7791:, p. 7, translated by 7108:"Altar in St Anselm Chapel" 4813: 4682:, London: Methuen & Co. 4402:Pope Alexander VI 4242:Anselm's students included 3650:. His book "for the fool" ( 3552:Alloquium de Dei Existentia 3537:Faith Seeking Understanding 3153:gathered from the works of 3091: 2502:given the money to the poor 80:Anselm depicted on his seal 10: 19192: 19151:British critics of atheism 15023:Catholic Church portal 13983:Saints of the Cristero War 12720:Principle of double effect 11797:Pierre Teilhard de Chardin 11787:Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange 11072:Transubstantiation dispute 9964:Potter, Philip J. (2009), 9873:Philosophical Perspectives 9590:(2): 48–56, archived from 9441:"Guibert of Ravenna" 9403:, London: Fulcrum Anglican 9349:, Catholic Truth Society, 7614:Davies & Leftow (2004) 7389:Davies & Leftow (2004) 7132:"St Anselm's Chapel Altar" 5261:Davies & Leftow (2004) 5192:Church Pension Fund (2010) 5055:is usually translated as " 4821:Fides quaerens intellectum 4591:Editions of Anselm's works 4568:and service to the poor". 4360:during Anselm's childhood. 4207:) and the monk Alexander ( 3864: 3542:Fides Quaerens Intellectum 3510: 2339:Pope Gregory VII 1233:Principle of Double Effect 29: 19016:Archbishops of Canterbury 18891: 18823: 18727: 18612: 18532: 18467: 18389: 18296: 18281: 18233: 18195: 17907: 17832: 17707: 17698: 17628: 17565: 17556: 17487: 17437: 17357: 17329:Abu l-Barakat al-Baghdadi 17306: 17278:Abu Sulayman al-Sijistani 17238:Abu Bakr al-Razi (Rhazes) 17215: 17206: 17149:Isaac Israeli ben Solomon 17132: 17067: 16954: 16874: 16821: 16812: 16762: 16567: 16270: 16079: 16070: 16064:Archbishops of Canterbury 15993: 15907: 15900: 15836: 15776: 15769: 15693: 15439: 15331: 15285:Metrodorus of Stratonicea 15267: 15227: 15218: 15099: 15083: 15011: 14948: 14780: 14622: 14194: 14124: 14056: 14018:Three Martyrs of Chimbote 13788:Child Martyrs of Tlaxcala 13753: 13518: 13485: 13287: 13229: 13116: 13084: 13001: 12963:Mother of God (Theotokos) 12953: 12923: 12851: 12790: 12587: 12364: 12334: 12296: 12253: 12215: 12208: 12185: 12119: 12079: 12074:Links to related articles 12046: 11965: 11774: 11633: 11503: 11379: 11258: 11115: 11022: 10882: 10776: 10714: 10705: 10654: 10645: 10637: 10629: 10620: 10614: 10607: 10550:Online Library of Liberty 10519:Vol. II, Pt. II 10290:Vaughn, Sally N. (1987), 9744:. Yale University Press. 9421:Grzesik, Tadeusz (2000), 9080:Crawley, John J. (1910), 9010:(2003) , "Introduction", 5205:"Notable Lutheran Saints" 4804:Williams, Thomas (2007), 4768:, New York: Penguin Books 4655:Ragey, Philibert (1883), 4627:of the 2nd series of his 4554:Community of Saint Anselm 4508:(all the monks under the 4506:Federation of Black Monks 4498:Sant'Anselmo all'Aventino 4451:Benedictine Confederation 4180: 4157:, some academics such as 3773:("On the Devil's Fall"). 3597:Meditations of St. Anselm 2849:Anselm held a council at 2817:Pope Paschal II 689: 573:, who held the office of 475: 471: 443: 427: 407: 385: 375: 371: 351: 343: 318: 297: 276: 258: 250: 245: 237: 227: 217: 201: 175: 170: 162: 157: 147: 137: 127: 119: 111: 103: 95: 85: 73: 62: 43: 19076:Benedictine philosophers 19061:Augustinian philosophers 19006:People from Aosta Valley 18477:Friedrich Schleiermacher 18063:Theories about religions 17865:Inconsistent revelations 17395:Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi 17288:Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) 17223:Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber) 15481:Eustathius of Cappadocia 14164:Joseph (father of Jesus) 13550:Athanasius of Alexandria 13332:Athanasius of Alexandria 13216:Theophanes the Confessor 13196:Paul I of Constantinople 13191:Paphnutius the Confessor 13136:Athanasius the Confessor 11711:Matthias Joseph Scheeben 10904:Athanasius of Alexandria 10796:First Epistle of Clement 10648:Archbishop of Canterbury 10352:Morris Meredith Williams 10303:Vol. 20, No. 2 10270:Vol. 10, No. 4 10155:Sharpe, Richard (2009), 9814:, Blackwell Publishing, 9584:The Saint Anselm Journal 9341:Fortescue, Adrian H.T.K. 9335:, London: British Museum 9234:Abbaye Notre-Dame du Bec 9090:Croset-Mouchet, Joseph, 9008:Charlesworth, Maxwell J. 6862:, pp. 467–475, 468. 5015:Hugh, Archbishop of Lyon 4892: 4764:Ward, Benedicta (1973), 4558:Anglican religious order 4546:Archbishop of Canterbury 4456:Anselm was proclaimed a 4398:Council of Tours in 1163 4358:supposed mystical vision 4252:Honorius Augustodunensis 4137:De Sacramentis Ecclesiae 3480:that attribute itself". 3375:De Sacramentis Ecclesiae 2797:Robert, Duke of Normandy 2725:Anselm was present in a 2568:Walter, bishop of Albano 2479:from his elder brother, 2373:Archbishop of Canterbury 1104:archbishop of Canterbury 955:abbey of St Stephen 730:Humbert the White-Handed 628:and over the bishops of 575:Archbishop of Canterbury 64:Archbishop of Canterbury 19101:Scholastic philosophers 19086:Benedictine theologians 17258:Abu Ya'qub al-Sijistani 17253:Al-Farabi (Alpharabius) 16936:Dominicus Gundissalinus 16911:Richard of Saint Victor 16694:Archibald Campbell Tait 15546:Gaius Marius Victorinus 15141:Demetrius of Amphipolis 14096:Gregory the Illuminator 14066:Augustine of Canterbury 13615:Dionysius of Alexandria 13530:Alexander of Alexandria 12347:Theological voluntarism 11822:Dietrich von Hildebrand 11686:Giovanni Maria Cornoldi 11560:Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet 11540:Mary of Jesus of Ágreda 11082:Paulinus II of Aquileia 11077:Predestination disputes 10324:Encyclopædia Britannica 10314:"Savoy, House of" 10311:Villari, Luigi (1911). 10246:Vol. 6, No. 3 10192:Anselm's Other Argument 10136:Schaff (13 July 2005), 9451:Encyclopædia Britannica 9375:Fulton, Rachel (2002), 9075:, London: Phoenix House 9050:Holy Men and Holy Women 9039:Encyclopædia Britannica 8921:Encyclopædia Britannica 7252:App. D, p. 20 7248:Ollard & al. (1931) 7198:App. D, p. 21 7194:Ollard & al. (1931) 6399:Powell & al. (1968) 4867:Canterbury–York dispute 4862:Investiture Controversy 4757:Memorials of St. Anselm 4390:Pope Alexander III 4210:Ex Dictis Beati Anselmi 4125:Epistolae ad Walerannum 2954:its regional government 2496:, particularly against 2403:Canterbury–York dispute 2387:Investiture Controversy 2335:Investiture Controversy 2276:Robert, count of Meulan 1349:Theological determinism 849:, and wandered through 845:attendant, crossed the 624:of Canterbury over the 606:Investiture Controversy 18341:Gaunilo of Marmoutiers 17481:Philosophy of religion 17441:Renaissance philosophy 17415:Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi 17400:Athir al-Din al-Abhari 16674:Charles Manners-Sutton 16605:Episcopacy abolished ( 15165:Lastheneia of Mantinea 15160:Hestiaeus of Perinthus 13535:Alexander of Jerusalem 13141:Chariton the Confessor 13103:in the Catholic Church 12863:Catholicism portal 12058:Catholicism portal 11907:Hans Urs von Balthasar 11706:Tommaso Maria Zigliara 11646:Félicité de La Mennais 11325:The Cloud of Unknowing 10826:The Shepherd of Hermas 10609:Catholic Church titles 10445:Anselm of Canterbury, 10432:Anselm of Canterbury, 10419:Anselm of Canterbury, 10401:Anselm of Canterbury, 10360:Wolterstorff, Nicholas 10176:10.1484/J.JML.1.100545 9904:Oppenheimer, Paul E.; 9893:Studia Neoaristotelica 9880:Oppenheimer, Paul E.; 9860:Oppenheimer, Paul E.; 9742:Italy and Its Monarchy 9703:, Farnham: Routledge, 9612:"St. Anselm (1)" 9609:Kent, William (1907), 9423:"Anselm of Canterbury" 9332:The Burney Manuscripts 9286:Fairweather, Eugene R. 9214:Fairweather, Eugene R. 9142:Davies, James (1874), 8968:Butler, Alban (1864), 8938:, translated by Talbot 8874:Anselm of Canterbury, 5209:Resurrectionpeople.org 5081:As by Thomas Williams. 5048: 5002: 4985: 4979: 4962: 4806:Anselm: Basic Writings 4755:; et al. (1969), 4698: 4538:its associated college 4524:issued the encyclical 4496:in 1887. The adjacent 4480:doctor"). A chapel of 4472: 4466: 4453: 4424:. The location of his 4361: 4337: 4215: 4209: 4203: 4194: 4149: 4136: 4130: 4124: 4098: 4089: 4083: 4077: 4071: 4051: 4045: 4033: 4003: 3975: 3969: 3959: 3955: 3933: 3876: 3855: 3845: 3828: 3822: 3816: 3810: 3787: 3775: 3769: 3763: 3757: 3732: 3714: 3673: 3667: 3658: 3652: 3599: 3572: 3561: 3551: 3541: 3532: 3441: 3431: 3422: 3403: 3382: 3373: 3364: 3355: 3346: 3337: 3325: 3317: 3308: 3299: 3290: 3281: 3272: 3262: 3253: 3229: 3197:Tractate XXIX of 3191:philosophical theology 3110:St Thomas Aquinas 3101: 2965: 2784: 2759:Conflicts with Henry I 2712: 2646: 2534: 2433:Christ Church's priors 2428: 2185:Catholicism portal 1537:Gregory (of Nazianzus) 1401:Christian Neoplatonism 1139: 1083: 946: 922:reshaped his thought. 920:Rule of Saint Benedict 834: 726:Odo II, Count of Blois 694:Anselm was born in or 686: 546: 532: 528: 19106:Catholic philosophers 19091:Doctors of the Church 18876:Faith and rationality 18831:Criticism of religion 18769:Robert Merrihew Adams 18759:Nicholas Wolterstorff 17962:Divine command theory 17339:Ayn al-Quzat Hamadani 17334:Ibn Bajjah (Avempace) 16806:Medieval philosophers 16379:John of Sittingbourne 16329:Reginald Fitz Jocelin 15976:Nicholas Wolterstorff 15746:Theodoric of Freiberg 15416:Clement of Alexandria 15346:Eudorus of Alexandria 15300:Aeschines of Neapolis 14966:Fourteen Holy Helpers 14930:Trasilla and Emiliana 14081:Evermode of Ratzeburg 13963:Perpetua and Felicity 13933:Martyrs of Sandomierz 13803:Dismas the Good Thief 13730:Theophilus of Antioch 13700:Maximus the Confessor 13635:Epiphanius of Salamis 13575:Clement of Alexandria 13289:Doctors of the Church 13181:Maximus the Confessor 12968:Immaculate Conception 12875:Philosophy portal 12690:Infused righteousness 11832:Marie-Dominique Chenu 11751:Marie-Joseph Lagrange 11736:Désiré-Joseph Mercier 11620:Clement Mary Hofbauer 11615:Johann Michael Sailer 11042:Maximus the Confessor 10734:History of the papacy 10540:St Anselm's works at 10527:St Anselm's works at 10393:Scholastic Philosophy 10190:Smith, A. D. (2014). 10115:Sadler, Greg (2006), 10092:Rule, Martin (1883), 10030:. Church Publishing. 9680:Klima, Gyula (2000), 9672:Catholic Encyclopedia 9618:Catholic Encyclopedia 9438:Hayes, C. H. (1911). 9412:in the Middle Ages", 9199:, , pp. 63–116, 9177:Doe, Michael (2000), 8810:The Church of England 8553:Hughes-Edwards (2012) 6135:, Letter to Cuthbert. 4437: 4376:on the summit of the 4348: 4328: 4229:William of Malmesbury 4188: 4052:De Conceptu Virginali 4019:Immaculate Conception 3989:Roscelin of Compiègne 3952: 3843:The beginning of the 3842: 3788:De Libertate Arbitrii 3764:De Libertate Arbitrii 3709: 3594: 3394: 3348:De Conceptu Virginali 3326:De Incarnatione Verbi 3301:De Libertate Arbitrii 3251: 3189:, and other areas of 3120:having employed more 3112:" and "the father of 3099: 3041:King Charles Emmanuel 3024:On 23 December 1752, 2939: 2766: 2625: 2518:"Anselm Assuming the 2517: 2415: 2407:Pope Honorius II 2343:Emperor Henry IV 2325:given or sent by the 2197:Philosophy portal 1137: 1113:Hugh, Earl of Chester 1057: 938: 912:paradoxes called the 832: 776:would later rule the 680: 19171:Christian apologists 19066:Italian Benedictines 18866:Religious philosophy 18346:Pico della Mirandola 18311:Anselm of Canterbury 18243:Augustinian theodicy 18155:Religious skepticism 17488:Concepts in religion 17405:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 17375:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi 17349:Ibn Rushd (Averroes) 17324:Al-Ghazali (Algazel) 17039:Godfrey of Fontaines 16941:Gilbert de la Porrée 16906:Hugh of Saint Victor 16891:Anselm of Canterbury 16861:John Scotus Eriugena 16664:Frederick Cornwallis 15756:Berthold of Moosburg 15701:John Scotus Eriugena 15672:David the Invincible 15381:Alexander Peloplaton 14870:Hiltrude of Liessies 14815:Catherine of Bologna 14810:Bernadette Soubirous 14003:17 Thomasian Martyrs 13813:Four Crowned Martyrs 13735:Victorinus of Pettau 13715:Papias of Hierapolis 13685:Jerome of Stridonium 13650:Gregory of Nazianzus 13620:Dionysius of Corinth 13442:Lawrence of Brindisi 13397:Bernard of Clairvaux 13372:Anselm of Canterbury 13327:Gregory of Nazianzus 13254:Priscilla and Aquila 13151:Edward the Confessor 12823:Doctor of the Church 12705:Ontological argument 12008:Raniero Cantalamessa 11978:Alice von Hildebrand 11927:Edward Schillebeeckx 11605:Maria Gaetana Agnesi 11490:Lawrence of Brindisi 11420:Francisco de Vitoria 11210:Beatrice of Nazareth 11185:Hugh of Saint Victor 11165:Bernard of Clairvaux 11145:Anselm of Canterbury 11107:John Scotus Eriugena 11102:Paschasius Radbertus 10949:Gregory of Nazianzus 10843:Epistle to Diognetus 10227:Southern, Richard W. 10200:Southern, Richard W. 9661:Kirsch, Johann Peter 9240:. pp. 327–335. 8486:Dinkova-Bruun (2015) 8438:Anselm of Canterbury 8234:Anselm of Canterbury 8158:Anselm of Canterbury 8043:Anselm of Canterbury 8023:Anselm of Canterbury 7968:Anselm of Canterbury 7785:Anselm of Canterbury 7651:Anselm of Canterbury 7558:Anselm of Canterbury 7542:Anselm of Canterbury 6387:Wilmot-Buxton (1915) 5653:Wilmot-Buxton (1915) 5357:Previté-Orton (1912) 4775:Anselm of Canterbury 4753:Southern, Richard W. 4482:Canterbury Cathedral 4462:Pope Clement XI 4458:Doctor of the Church 4296:Christian philosophy 3888:mystery of atonement 3653:Liber pro Insipiente 3588:'s treatment of it. 3578:ontological argument 3517:Ontological argument 3011:Canterbury Cathedral 2942:Canterbury Cathedral 2773:stained-glass window 2577:was declared at the 2524:Canterbury Cathedral 2498:incestuous marriages 2444:Canterbury Cathedral 2417:Canterbury Cathedral 2315:metropolitan bishops 2308:Canterbury Cathedral 2284:Antipope Clement III 1433:Second scholasticism 1109:King William II 1100:William I of England 892:or a monk at Bec or 778:kingdoms of Sardinia 653:ontological argument 634:Pope Paschal II 620:. He worked for the 591:Doctor of the Church 482:Anselm of Canterbury 458:Ontological argument 453:Argument from degree 286:Doctor of the Church 222:Canterbury Cathedral 68:Doctor of the Church 19136:Benedictine mystics 18851:History of religion 18552:Friedrich Nietzsche 18429:Gottfried W Leibniz 18424:Nicolas Malebranche 18356:King James VI and I 17636:Abrahamic religions 17314:Ibn Sina (Avicenna) 17233:Al-Kindi (Alkindus) 17159:Solomon ibn Gabirol 17080:Marsilius of Inghen 16931:Bernard of Chartres 16699:Edward White Benson 15877:Ralph Waldo Emerson 15351:Philo of Alexandria 15190:Menedemus of Pyrrha 15185:Heraclides Ponticus 15170:Timolaus of Cyzicus 15146:Euaeon of Lampsacus 14920:Teresa of the Andes 14800:Angela of the Cross 14762:Zechariah (prophet) 13908:Martyrs of La Rioja 13903:21 Martyrs of Libya 13793:Christina of Persia 13773:Charles de Foucauld 13710:Quadratus of Athens 13670:Ignatius of Antioch 13640:Fulgentius of Ruspe 13590:Cyril of Alexandria 13585:Cyprian of Carthage 13570:Cappadocian Fathers 13467:Hildegard of Bingen 13337:Cyril of Alexandria 13211:Sergius of Radonezh 12973:Perpetual virginity 12650:Divine illumination 12306:Augustinian realism 12174:Theological virtues 12113:Catholic philosophy 11983:Carlo Maria Martini 11947:Johann Baptist Metz 11917:Frederick Copleston 11741:Friedrich von Hügel 11701:Joseph Hergenröther 11681:Gaetano Sanseverino 11661:Ignaz von Döllinger 11585:Nicolas Malebranche 11425:Thomas of Villanova 11386:Counter-Reformation 11366:Girolamo Savonarola 11180:Hildegard of Bingen 10989:Cyril of Alexandria 10832:Aristides of Athens 10819:Epistle of Barnabas 10808:Ignatius of Antioch 10746:Ecumenical councils 10587:Medieval Sourcebook 10462:, Washington D.C.: 10060:Historical Research 10024:(1 December 2019). 9936:(4): 467–475, 468, 9693:Logan, Ian (2009), 9640:Kidd, B.J. (1927), 9254:Fairweather, Eugene 9083:Lives of the Saints 9071:Cook, G.H. (1949), 8674:, pp. 459–481. 8583:, pp. 218–219. 8146:Wolterstorff (1993) 7072:, pp. 296–297. 6966:Charlesworth (2003) 6850:, pp. 128–129. 6821:, pp. 135–136. 6809:, pp. 137–138. 6449:, pp. 342–344. 6413:, pp. 182–185. 6121:Charlesworth (2003) 6026:, pp. 298–299. 5948:Charlesworth (2003) 5849:Charlesworth (2003) 5797:, pp. 366–367. 5780:Charlesworth (2003) 5695:Charlesworth (2003) 5395:, pp. 254–257. 5237:Charlesworth (2003) 4965:credo ut intelligam 4633:in 1853 & 1854) 4564:and is devoted to " 4510:Rule of St Benedict 3987:heresy espoused by 3892:Jesus's crucifixion 3612:nature of the God, 3499:inductive reasoning 3167:Gilbert of Poitiers 3082:Archbishop Theobald 2970:Concordat of London 2891:British slave trade 2869:, establishing the 2830:, the disloyal new 2700:ecumenical dialogue 2579:Council of Clermont 2528:E. M. Wilmot-Buxton 2462:opening into three 2458:and a semicircular 1263:Liberation Theology 1164:Catholic philosophy 902:archbishop of Rouen 798:Conrad the Peaceful 714:Kingdom of Burgundy 661:satisfaction theory 380:Medieval philosophy 191:Kingdom of Burgundy 19081:Benedictine saints 19071:Benedictine abbots 18861:Religious language 18841:Ethics in religion 18799:William Lane Craig 18674:Charles Hartshorne 18414:Desiderius Erasmus 18316:Augustine of Hippo 18258:Inconsistent triad 18220:Apophatic theology 18215:Logical positivism 18197:Religious language 17817:Watchmaker analogy 17782:Necessary existent 17558:Conceptions of God 17518:Intelligent design 17115:Lambertus de Monte 17095:Francesc Eiximenis 16964:Robert Grosseteste 16926:Alexander of Hales 16856:Isidore of Seville 16836:Augustine of Hippo 16482:William Whittlesey 16460:Thomas Bradwardine 16403:William Chillenden 16392:Edmund of Abingdon 16296:William de Corbeil 16257:Robert of Jumièges 16232:Ælfric of Abingdon 16127:Theodore of Tarsus 15872:Emanuel Swedenborg 15805:Cristoforo Landino 15787:Florentine Academy 15577:Plutarch of Athens 15526:Eusebius of Myndus 15521:Maximus of Ephesus 15506:Theodorus of Asine 15401:Numenius of Apamea 15180:Axiothea of Phlius 15136:Erastus of Scepsis 14961:Four Holy Marshals 14956:Calendar of saints 14925:Teresa of Calcutta 14905:Patricia of Naples 14830:Catherine of Siena 14111:Patrick of Ireland 14033:Vietnamese Martyrs 13923:Martyrs of Otranto 13878:Martyrs of Cajonos 13873:Martyrs of Algeria 13868:Martyrs of Albania 13828:The Holy Innocents 13798:Devasahayam Pillai 13783:Carthusian Martyrs 13725:Polycarp of Smyrna 13680:Isidore of Seville 13665:Hippolytus of Rome 13660:Hilary of Poitiers 13595:Cyril of Jerusalem 13560:Caesarius of Arles 13555:Augustine of Hippo 13457:Thérèse of Lisieux 13452:Catherine of Siena 13402:Hilary of Poitiers 13377:Isidore of Seville 13352:Bede the Venerable 13342:Cyril of Jerusalem 13307:Augustine of Hippo 13221:Pio of Pietrelcina 13186:Michael of Synnada 12818:Islamic philosophy 12772:Trademark argument 12665:Formal distinction 12615:Augustinian values 12288:Analytical Thomism 12268:Christian humanism 11998:Alasdair MacIntyre 11877:Nouvelle théologie 11766:Thérèse of Lisieux 11610:Alfonso Muzzarelli 11550:Jean-Jacques Olier 11520:Tommaso Campanella 11435:Francisco de Osuna 11430:Ignatius of Loyola 11299:Catherine of Siena 11195:Robert Grosseteste 11092:Benedict of Aniane 11032:Isidore of Seville 10974:Augustine of Hippo 10939:Cyril of Jerusalem 10934:Hilary of Poitiers 10306:, pp. 205–220 10273:, pp. 352–373 10261:, pp. 279–306 10249:, pp. 240–250 8756:"St Anselm Window" 8754:Thistleton, Alan, 7562:De Fide Trinitatis 7548:, Vol. I, §2. 5812:, p. 367–368. 5670:, p. 365–366. 4920:heavenly Jerusalem 4617:Jacques Paul Migne 4534:Saint Anselm Abbey 4500:, the seat of the 4494:Pope Leo XIII 4454: 4445:, the seat of the 4418:Anglican Communion 4362: 4338: 4195: 4084:De Similitudinibus 3960: 3890:, the belief that 3856: 3799:but a capacity to 3782:Aristotelian logic 3715: 3674:Liber Apologeticus 3646:, a monk from the 3600: 3404: 3319:De Fide Trinitatis 3254: 3171:Western philosophy 3163:William of Conches 3151:Aristotelian logic 3102: 3026:Archbishop Herring 2979:archbishop of York 2966: 2952:marble donated by 2908:Robert de Beaumont 2785: 2647: 2643:Pope Urban II 2535: 2429: 2321:without a woollen 2238:Holy Face of Lucca 1542:Gregory (of Nyssa) 1270:Christian Humanism 1140: 1117:St Werburgh's 1084: 1044:William Bona Anima 1027:De Fide Trinitatis 947: 835: 734:Count of Maurienne 687: 626:archbishop of York 400:Italian philosophy 395:British philosophy 390:Western philosophy 267:Anglican Communion 18925: 18924: 18919: 18918: 18819: 18818: 18779:Peter van Inwagen 18764:Richard Swinburne 18709:George I Mavrodes 18569:Vladimir Solovyov 18509:Søren Kierkegaard 18434:William Wollaston 18381:William of Ockham 18361:Marcion of Sinope 18263:Irenaean theodicy 18253:Euthyphro dilemma 18180:Transcendentalism 18009:Womanist theology 17999:Feminist theology 17903: 17902: 17694: 17693: 17580:Divine simplicity 17500:Euthyphro dilemma 17447: 17446: 17433: 17432: 17202: 17201: 17128: 17127: 17059:William of Ockham 16772: 16771: 16492:William Courtenay 16448:John de Stratford 16426:Robert Winchelsey 16312:Roger de Bailleul 16030: 16029: 16026: 16025: 15971:Peter van Inwagen 15936:Roderick Chisholm 15862: 15861: 15818: 15817: 15689: 15688: 15685: 15684: 15531:Priscus of Epirus 15333:Middle Platonists 15327: 15326: 15323: 15322: 15315:Dio of Alexandria 15240:Diocles of Cnidus 15043: 15042: 15035:Saints portal 14986:Miles Christianus 14971:Martyr of charity 14940:Josephine Bakhita 14935:Ubaldesca Taccini 14880:Kateri Tekakwitha 14855:Faustina Kowalska 14845:Eulalia of Mérida 14825:Catherine Labouré 14820:Brigid of Kildare 14647:Baruch ben Neriah 14091:François de Laval 14076:Damien of Molokai 14043:Victor and Corona 14038:Valentine of Rome 13928:Martyrs of Prague 13893:Martyrs of Gorkum 13853:Martyrs of Lübeck 13740:Vincent of Lérins 13720:Peter Chrysologus 13675:Irenaeus of Lyons 13645:Gregory the Great 13630:Ephrem the Syrian 13427:Robert Bellarmine 13422:John of the Cross 13407:Alphonsus Liguori 13382:Peter Chrysologus 13357:Ephrem the Syrian 13322:Basil of Caesarea 13297:Gregory the Great 13279:Seventy disciples 13171:Lazarus Zographos 13156:Francis of Assisi 13026:James of Alphaeus 12983:Marian apparition 12883: 12882: 12798:Catholic theology 12745:Seven deadly sins 12715:Peripatetic axiom 12625:Cartesian dualism 12360: 12359: 12326:Scotistic realism 12283:Neo-scholasticism 12066: 12065: 11993:Gustavo Gutiérrez 11988:Pope Benedict XVI 11973:Pope John Paul II 11872:Josemaría Escrivá 11862:Henri Daniel-Rops 11746:Vladimir Solovyov 11726:Neo-scholasticism 11666:John Henry Newman 11600:Louis de Montfort 11595:Alphonsus Liguori 11590:Giambattista Vico 11525:Pierre de Bérulle 11511:French Revolution 11480:Robert Bellarmine 11460:John of the Cross 11346:Julian of Norwich 11304:Bridget of Sweden 11294:John of Ruusbroec 11284:William of Ockham 11200:Francis of Assisi 11190:Dominic de Guzmán 11160:Decretum Gratiani 11135:Berengar of Tours 11024:Early Middle Ages 10994:Peter Chrysologus 10944:Basil of Caesarea 10929:Ephrem the Syrian 10869:Antipope Novatian 10666: 10665: 10655:Succeeded by 10630:Succeeded by 10473:978-0-8132-2873-0 10412:Deane translation 10384:Cousin, M. Victor 10350:, Illustrated by 10219:978-0-521-43818-6 10085:978-0-19-923167-6 10076:Anselm on Freedom 10037:978-1-64065-234-7 9855:, pp. 93–141 9738:Mack Smith, Denis 9710:978-0-7546-6123-8 9696:Reading Anselm's 9627:cite encyclopedia 9547:978-0-7083-2505-6 9527:978-0-300-09829-7 9491:978-1-61097-729-6 9188:978-0-232-52399-7 9113:978-0-19-280290-3 9063:978-0-89869-637-0 8985:Cantor, Norman F. 8733:A Clerk of Oxford 8631:, pp. 37–52. 8442:De Concordia 8392:, pp. 256–7. 6968:, pp. 19–20. 6283:, pp. 98–99. 6226:, pp. 91–92. 5381:Mack Smith (1989) 5239:, pp. 23–24. 5031:Martianus Capella 5027:St Augustine 4924:earthly Jerusalem 4857:clerical celibacy 4684:(Translating the 4630:Patrologia Latina 4621:Vols. CLVIII 4598:Gerberon, Gabriel 4577:Church of England 4467:doctor magnificus 4406:Archbishop Morton 4388:was requested of 4370:miraculous vision 4276:William of Ockham 4227:. The historians 4223:at the behest of 4221:John of Salisbury 4150:dilecto dilectori 3956:De Concordia 3894:was necessary to 3466:Euthyphro dilemma 3199:St Augustine 3143:St Augustine 3106:St Augustine 3028:was contacted by 2895:William Warelwast 2777:Quimper Cathedral 2556:William Warelwast 2234: 2233: 2167: 2166: 2052:Garrigou-Lagrange 1361:Divine Attributes 993:on the nature of 886:alms for the poor 752:through his wife 722:Emperor Conrad II 707:Republic of Italy 553:, was an Italian 487: 479: 478: 346:Philosophy career 313:Pope Alexander VI 291:Doctor Magnificus 195:Holy Roman Empire 16:(Redirected from 19183: 19111:Burgundian monks 18978: 18977: 18976: 18966: 18965: 18954: 18953: 18952: 18942: 18941: 18940: 18933: 18909: 18908: 18899: 18804:Ali Akbar Rashad 18667:Reinhold Niebuhr 18627:Bertrand Russell 18622:George Santayana 18519:Albrecht Ritschl 18504:Ludwig Feuerbach 18294: 18293: 18290:(by date active) 18150:Process theology 17895:Russell's teapot 17705: 17704: 17700:Existence of God 17610:Process theology 17563: 17562: 17548:Theological veto 17511:religious belief 17474: 17467: 17460: 17451: 17450: 17213: 17212: 17169:Abraham ibn Daud 17139: 17138: 17100:Nicholas of Cusa 17090:Albert of Saxony 17019:Boetius of Dacia 17014:Siger of Brabant 16819: 16818: 16799: 16792: 16785: 16776: 16775: 16709:Randall Davidson 16704:Frederick Temple 16684:John Bird Sumner 16624:William Sancroft 16590:Richard Bancroft 16568:Post-Reformation 16527:Thomas Bourchier 16471:William Edington 16409:Robert Kilwardby 16366:Richard le Grant 16360:Walter d'Eynsham 16323:Baldwin of Forde 16318:Richard of Dover 16057: 16050: 16043: 16034: 16033: 15905: 15904: 15783: 15782: 15774: 15773: 15622:Ammonius Hermiae 15567: 15566: 15426:Origen the Pagan 15305:Philo of Larissa 15280:Hagnon of Tarsus 15225: 15224: 15210:Crates of Athens 15097: 15096: 15088: 15087: 15070: 15063: 15056: 15047: 15046: 15033: 15032: 15031: 15021: 15020: 14900:Narcisa de Jesús 14885:Lucy of Syracuse 14790:Agatha of Sicily 14702:John the Baptist 13948:Maximilian Kolbe 13943:Martyrs of Zenta 13918:Martyrs of Natal 13898:Martyrs of Japan 13888:Martyrs of China 13883:Martyrs of Drina 13818:Gerard of Csanád 13778:Canadian Martyrs 13763:Abda and Abdisho 13705:Melito of Sardis 13695:John of Damascus 13655:Gregory of Nyssa 13540:Ambrose of Milan 13472:Gregory of Narek 13437:Anthony of Padua 13412:Francis de Sales 13347:John of Damascus 12993:Joseph (husband) 12945: → 12941: → 12937: → 12910: 12903: 12896: 12887: 12886: 12873: 12872: 12871: 12861: 12860: 12685:Homo unius libri 12630:Cogito, ergo sum 12620:Cardinal virtues 12321:Moderate realism 12213: 12212: 12203: 12202: 12197: 12196: 12191: 12190: 12129:Cardinal virtues 12106: 12099: 12092: 12083: 12082: 12070: 12069: 12056: 12055: 11897:Emmanuel Mounier 11892:Bernard Lonergan 11817:Georges Bernanos 11802:Jacques Maritain 11782:G. K. Chesterton 11671:Henri Lacordaire 11570:Cornelius Jansen 11565:François Fénelon 11495:Francis de Sales 11485:Francisco Suárez 11356:Nicholas of Cusa 11240:Siger of Brabant 11225:Boetius of Dacia 11205:Anthony of Padua 11150:Joachim of Fiore 11130:Gregory of Narek 11117:High Middle Ages 11062:John of Damascus 10954:Gregory of Nyssa 10692: 10685: 10678: 10669: 10668: 10638:Preceded by 10615:Preceded by 10605: 10604: 10590: 10578: 10577: 10563: 10554: 10537: 10524: 10502: 10501: 10499: 10476: 10454: 10441: 10428: 10415: 10409: 10397: 10371: 10355: 10342: 10328: 10316: 10307: 10295: 10286: 10285:, pp. 61–86 10274: 10262: 10250: 10238: 10222: 10195: 10186: 10184: 10178:, archived from 10161: 10151: 10150: 10148: 10132: 10131: 10129: 10111: 10088: 10070: 10054: 10053: 10041: 10017: 10016: 10014: 9996: 9980: 9960: 9924: 9914: 9906:Zalta, Edward N. 9900: 9890: 9882:Zalta, Edward N. 9876: 9870: 9862:Zalta, Edward N. 9856: 9847: 9824: 9806: 9795: 9786: 9755: 9733: 9720:Medieval Thought 9713: 9689: 9676: 9668: 9666:"Piedmont" 9656: 9636: 9630: 9622: 9614: 9605: 9604: 9602: 9596: 9581: 9571: 9557: 9556: 9550: 9530: 9512: 9503: 9494: 9470: 9455: 9443: 9433: 9427: 9417: 9404: 9391: 9371: 9359: 9336: 9321: 9310: 9298: 9281: 9249: 9209: 9191: 9173: 9149: 9138: 9116: 9087: 9076: 9067: 9055: 9043: 9035: 9023: 9003: 8980: 8964: 8953: 8939: 8925: 8917: 8908: 8883: 8870: 8858: 8833: 8827: 8821: 8820: 8818: 8816: 8802: 8796: 8795: 8793: 8791: 8776: 8770: 8769: 8768: 8766: 8751: 8745: 8744: 8743: 8741: 8724: 8718: 8712: 8706: 8700: 8694: 8684: 8675: 8669: 8663: 8657: 8651: 8645: 8632: 8626: 8620: 8614: 8608: 8602: 8596: 8590: 8584: 8578: 8572: 8566: 8560: 8550: 8539: 8533: 8527: 8518: 8505: 8499: 8493: 8483: 8477: 8471: 8465: 8455: 8449: 8435: 8429: 8423: 8417: 8411: 8405: 8399: 8393: 8387: 8381: 8375: 8369: 8359: 8353: 8343: 8337: 8331: 8325: 8319: 8313: 8307: 8298: 8289: 8278: 8272: 8263: 8254: 8245: 8231: 8225: 8219: 8213: 8204: 8193: 8187: 8181: 8175: 8169: 8155: 8149: 8143: 8137: 8131: 8125: 8122: 8116: 8113: 8107: 8101: 8090: 8084: 8078: 8072: 8066: 8060: 8054: 8040: 8034: 8020: 8014: 8005: 7999: 7990: 7979: 7965: 7959: 7953: 7936: 7930: 7924: 7915: 7894: 7884: 7875: 7869: 7863: 7857: 7848: 7839: 7826: 7820: 7811: 7802: 7796: 7782: 7776: 7767: 7740: 7730: 7724: 7714: 7705: 7699: 7693: 7683: 7677: 7667: 7658: 7648: 7642: 7632: 7621: 7611: 7602: 7596: 7565: 7555: 7549: 7539: 7533: 7524: 7518: 7512: 7506: 7500: 7491: 7488:Hollister (1982) 7485: 7479: 7469: 7463: 7457: 7446: 7436: 7427: 7417: 7408: 7402: 7396: 7386: 7380: 7377: 7371: 7361: 7355: 7348: 7337: 7327: 7321: 7310: 7304: 7294: 7288: 7277: 7271: 7261: 7255: 7245: 7239: 7232:Samuel Shuckford 7228: 7217: 7207: 7201: 7191: 7182: 7172: 7166: 7153: 7147: 7146: 7145: 7143: 7128: 7122: 7121: 7120: 7118: 7106:Cross, Michael, 7103: 7097: 7091: 7085: 7079: 7073: 7067: 7061: 7048: 7042: 7036: 7030: 7024: 7015: 7009: 7000: 6994: 6988: 6975: 6969: 6963: 6957: 6951: 6945: 6935: 6918: 6912: 6906: 6893: 6887: 6881: 6875: 6869: 6863: 6857: 6851: 6848:Hollister (2003) 6845: 6839: 6833: 6822: 6819:Hollister (2003) 6816: 6810: 6807:Hollister (2003) 6804: 6798: 6792: 6786: 6783:Hollister (1983) 6780: 6774: 6764: 6758: 6752: 6746: 6740: 6734: 6728: 6722: 6716: 6710: 6701: 6666: 6659:Fortescue (1907) 6656: 6643: 6633: 6624: 6618: 6609: 6599: 6588: 6582: 6576: 6570: 6564: 6558: 6552: 6542: 6536: 6530: 6524: 6518: 6512: 6506: 6500: 6494: 6488: 6475: 6466: 6456: 6450: 6444: 6438: 6432: 6426: 6420: 6414: 6408: 6402: 6396: 6390: 6384: 6378: 6365: 6356: 6350: 6344: 6334: 6328: 6322: 6316: 6306: 6300: 6290: 6284: 6278: 6272: 6266: 6257: 6251: 6242: 6236: 6227: 6218: 6209: 6203: 6190: 6184: 6175: 6169: 6163: 6157: 6148: 6142: 6136: 6130: 6124: 6118: 6112: 6106: 6100: 6094: 6083: 6077: 6071: 6065: 6059: 6049: 6043: 6033: 6027: 6021: 6015: 6006: 6000: 5990: 5981: 5972: 5966: 5960: 5951: 5945: 5936: 5927: 5921: 5915: 5909: 5903: 5878: 5865: 5852: 5846: 5840: 5834: 5828: 5819: 5813: 5804: 5798: 5789: 5783: 5777: 5771: 5765: 5759: 5750: 5717: 5711: 5698: 5692: 5686: 5677: 5671: 5662: 5656: 5650: 5644: 5638: 5609: 5603: 5597: 5587: 5578: 5568: 5562: 5552: 5546: 5536: 5527: 5517: 5506: 5500: 5491: 5485: 5476: 5467: 5424: 5418: 5412: 5402: 5396: 5390: 5384: 5378: 5372: 5366: 5360: 5354: 5348: 5342: 5333: 5323: 5317: 5307: 5301: 5300: 5298: 5296: 5282: 5276: 5270: 5264: 5258: 5252: 5246: 5240: 5234: 5225: 5224: 5222: 5220: 5211:. Archived from 5201: 5195: 5189: 5173: 5163: 5157: 5150: 5144: 5101: 5095: 5088: 5082: 5079: 5073: 5070: 5064: 5053: 5040: 5034: 5011: 5005: 4996: 4990: 4988: 4982: 4975: 4969: 4956: 4950: 4933: 4927: 4912: 4906: 4903: 4887:Existence of God 4853:Gregorian Reform 4809: 4800: 4791: 4778: 4769: 4760: 4748: 4735: 4723: 4710: 4701: 4683: 4672: 4660: 4651: 4614: 4581:Episcopal Church 4560:that resides at 4522:Pope Pius X 4475: 4469: 4356:, the site of a 4218: 4216:Historia Novorum 4212: 4206: 4152: 4139: 4133: 4127: 4101: 4092: 4086: 4080: 4074: 4054: 4048: 4036: 4006: 3978: 3972: 3958: 3936: 3921:Gregory of Nyssa 3881: 3850: 3831: 3825: 3819: 3813: 3790: 3778: 3772: 3766: 3760: 3748:'s treatment of 3735: 3717:All of Anselm's 3676: 3670: 3665:Anselm's reply ( 3661: 3655: 3605:question-begging 3582:existence of God 3575: 3564: 3554: 3544: 3444: 3434: 3387: 3378: 3369: 3360: 3351: 3342: 3328: 3323:, also known as 3322: 3313: 3304: 3295: 3286: 3277: 3267: 3232: 3147:Pseudo-Dionysius 2885:, and regulated 2871:Gregorian Reform 2832:bishop of Durham 2717: 2692:unleavened bread 2639:Countess Matilda 2635: 2632: 2587:Bishop of Durham 2551:Bishop of Durham 2438:(1096–1107) and 2280:Gregorian Reform 2244:. Believing his 2226: 2219: 2212: 2195: 2194: 2193: 2183: 2182: 1572:John of Damascus 1480: 1479: 1310:Moderate realism 1218:Cardinal virtues 1190: 1189: 1185: 1182: 1181: 1177: 1174: 1173: 1149: 1142: 1141: 968:Gilbert d'Arques 758:Kingdom of Italy 744:. Humbert's son 718:Rudolph III 657:existence of God 555:Benedictine monk 544: 526: 520: 519: 516: 515: 512: 509: 506: 503: 500: 497: 485: 354: 335: 171:Personal details 78: 41: 40: 21: 19191: 19190: 19186: 19185: 19184: 19182: 19181: 19180: 19176:Lutheran saints 19166:Anglican saints 18986: 18985: 18984: 18974: 18972: 18960: 18950: 18948: 18938: 18936: 18928: 18926: 18921: 18920: 18915: 18887: 18815: 18811:Alexander Pruss 18794:Jean-Luc Marion 18749:Alvin Plantinga 18744:Dewi Z Phillips 18731: 18729: 18723: 18694:Walter Kaufmann 18684:Frithjof Schuon 18657:Rudolf Bultmann 18614: 18608: 18604:Joseph Maréchal 18594:Pavel Florensky 18589:Sergei Bulgakov 18574:Ernst Troeltsch 18557:Harald Høffding 18534: 18528: 18499:William Whewell 18487:Georg W F Hegel 18482:Karl C F Krause 18469: 18463: 18459:Johann G Herder 18449:Baron d'Holbach 18399:Augustin Calmet 18385: 18301: 18289: 18288: 18285: 18277: 18235:Problem of evil 18229: 18225:Verificationism 18191: 17899: 17845:Atheist's Wager 17828: 17690: 17624: 17552: 17528:Problem of evil 17483: 17478: 17448: 17443: 17429: 17353: 17302: 17248:Matta ibn Yunus 17198: 17124: 17063: 17054:Petrus Aureolus 17029:Meister Eckhart 16974:Albertus Magnus 16956: 16950: 16876: 16870: 16808: 16803: 16773: 16768: 16758: 16724:Geoffrey Fisher 16689:Charles Longley 16619:Gilbert Sheldon 16563: 16438:Walter Reynolds 16354:Stephen Langton 16301:Theobald of Bec 16291:Ralph d'Escures 16266: 16075: 16066: 16061: 16031: 16022: 15989: 15986:Edward N. Zalta 15966:Alvin Plantinga 15961:Jan Łukasiewicz 15941:Michael Dummett 15896: 15887:Bernard Bolzano 15858: 15832: 15814: 15800:Marsilio Ficino 15765: 15751:Meister Eckhart 15681: 15662:John Philoponus 15565: 15435: 15406:Ammonius Saccas 15396:Maximus of Tyre 15319: 15263: 15214: 15155:Python of Aenus 15079: 15074: 15044: 15039: 15029: 15027: 15015: 15007: 14998:Seven Champions 14991:Church Militant 14981:Athleta Christi 14976:Military saints 14944: 14840:Clare of Assisi 14776: 14712:Judas Barsabbas 14618: 14190: 14120: 14106:Nino of Georgia 14052: 13958:Pedro Calungsod 13913:Martyrs of Laos 13858:Luigi Versiglia 13749: 13690:John Chrysostom 13580:Clement of Rome 13521: 13514: 13481: 13447:Teresa of Ávila 13432:Albertus Magnus 13317:John Chrysostom 13283: 13244:Mary of Bethany 13225: 13131:Anthony of Kiev 13112: 13080: 13031:James the Great 12997: 12949: 12928: 12919: 12914: 12884: 12879: 12869: 12867: 12855: 12847: 12808:Aristotelianism 12786: 12635:Dehellenization 12583: 12356: 12352:Foundationalism 12330: 12292: 12249: 12204: 12200: 12198: 12194: 12192: 12188: 12183: 12169:Social teaching 12115: 12110: 12075: 12067: 12062: 12050: 12042: 12023:Jean-Luc Marion 11961: 11912:Marcel Lefebvre 11837:Romano Guardini 11792:Joseph Maréchal 11770: 11761:Maurice Blondel 11656:Antonio Rosmini 11651:Luigi Taparelli 11629: 11555:Louis Thomassin 11530:Pierre Gassendi 11513: 11509: 11499: 11450:Teresa of Ávila 11388: 11384: 11375: 11361:Marsilio Ficino 11351:Thomas à Kempis 11341:Devotio Moderna 11314:Johannes Tauler 11309:Meister Eckhart 11279:Dante Alighieri 11254: 11220:Albertus Magnus 11111: 11018: 10964:John Chrysostom 10892: 10888: 10878: 10791:Clement of Rome 10772: 10710: 10701: 10696: 10662: 10660: 10658:Ralph d'Escures 10651: 10643: 10633: 10626: 10618: 10575: 10561: 10552: 10535: 10497: 10495: 10483: 10474: 10457: 10451:Schmitt edition 10444: 10438:Schmitt edition 10431: 10425:Schmitt edition 10418: 10400: 10382: 10379: 10377:Further reading 10374: 10220: 10182: 10159: 10146: 10144: 10127: 10125: 10109: 10086: 10051: 10038: 10012: 10010: 9978: 9942:10.2307/3164967 9912: 9888: 9868: 9845: 9822: 9784: 9752: 9731: 9711: 9654: 9624: 9623: 9600: 9598: 9594: 9579: 9554: 9548: 9528: 9492: 9425: 9389: 9357: 9296: 9292:Christus Victor 9226:Le Bec-Hellouin 9224:. Vol. I. 9207: 9189: 9171: 9136: 9114: 9064: 9053: 8962: 8906: 8880:Schmitt edition 8841: 8836: 8828: 8824: 8814: 8812: 8804: 8803: 8799: 8789: 8787: 8785:Christian Today 8777: 8773: 8764: 8762: 8752: 8748: 8739: 8737: 8736:, 27 April 2011 8726: 8725: 8721: 8713: 8709: 8705:, p. xxix. 8703:Southern (1990) 8701: 8697: 8685: 8678: 8672:Southern (1990) 8670: 8666: 8658: 8654: 8646: 8635: 8629:Fröhlich (1990) 8627: 8623: 8617:Southern (1990) 8615: 8611: 8603: 8599: 8591: 8587: 8579: 8575: 8567: 8563: 8551: 8542: 8536:Southern (1990) 8534: 8530: 8519: 8508: 8500: 8496: 8484: 8480: 8472: 8468: 8456: 8452: 8436: 8432: 8424: 8420: 8412: 8408: 8400: 8396: 8388: 8384: 8376: 8372: 8360: 8356: 8344: 8340: 8334:Chisholm (1911) 8332: 8328: 8320: 8316: 8308: 8301: 8290: 8281: 8273: 8266: 8255: 8248: 8232: 8228: 8220: 8216: 8205: 8196: 8188: 8184: 8178:Southern (1990) 8176: 8172: 8156: 8152: 8144: 8140: 8132: 8128: 8123: 8119: 8114: 8110: 8102: 8093: 8085: 8081: 8073: 8069: 8061: 8057: 8041: 8037: 8021: 8017: 8006: 8002: 7991: 7982: 7966: 7962: 7954: 7939: 7931: 7927: 7916: 7897: 7887:Forshall (1840) 7885: 7878: 7870: 7866: 7858: 7851: 7840: 7829: 7825:, loc. ??. 7821: 7814: 7803: 7799: 7783: 7779: 7768: 7743: 7731: 7727: 7715: 7708: 7700: 7696: 7684: 7680: 7670:Luscombe (1997) 7668: 7661: 7657:, No. 109. 7649: 7645: 7633: 7624: 7612: 7605: 7597: 7568: 7556: 7552: 7540: 7536: 7525: 7521: 7513: 7509: 7503:Chisholm (1911) 7501: 7494: 7486: 7482: 7472:Marenbon (2005) 7470: 7466: 7458: 7449: 7437: 7430: 7420:Marenbon (2005) 7418: 7411: 7407:, Introduction. 7403: 7399: 7387: 7383: 7378: 7374: 7362: 7358: 7349: 7340: 7328: 7324: 7311: 7307: 7295: 7291: 7278: 7274: 7262: 7258: 7246: 7242: 7229: 7220: 7208: 7204: 7192: 7185: 7173: 7169: 7154: 7150: 7141: 7139: 7130: 7129: 7125: 7116: 7114: 7104: 7100: 7092: 7088: 7080: 7076: 7068: 7064: 7049: 7045: 7037: 7033: 7025: 7018: 7010: 7003: 6995: 6991: 6976: 6972: 6964: 6960: 6952: 6948: 6936: 6921: 6913: 6909: 6894: 6890: 6882: 6878: 6870: 6866: 6858: 6854: 6846: 6842: 6834: 6825: 6817: 6813: 6805: 6801: 6793: 6789: 6781: 6777: 6767:Southern (1990) 6765: 6761: 6753: 6749: 6741: 6737: 6731:Southern (1990) 6729: 6725: 6719:Southern (1990) 6717: 6713: 6702: 6669: 6657: 6646: 6634: 6627: 6621:Southern (1963) 6619: 6612: 6602:Southern (1990) 6600: 6591: 6583: 6579: 6571: 6567: 6559: 6555: 6543: 6539: 6531: 6527: 6519: 6515: 6507: 6503: 6497:Southern (1990) 6495: 6491: 6476: 6469: 6457: 6453: 6445: 6441: 6433: 6429: 6421: 6417: 6409: 6405: 6397: 6393: 6385: 6381: 6366: 6359: 6351: 6347: 6335: 6331: 6323: 6319: 6307: 6303: 6291: 6287: 6279: 6275: 6267: 6260: 6252: 6245: 6237: 6230: 6219: 6212: 6204: 6193: 6185: 6178: 6170: 6166: 6158: 6151: 6143: 6139: 6131: 6127: 6119: 6115: 6107: 6103: 6095: 6086: 6078: 6074: 6066: 6062: 6052:Southern (1990) 6050: 6046: 6036:Southern (1990) 6034: 6030: 6022: 6018: 6007: 6003: 5993:Southern (1990) 5991: 5984: 5973: 5969: 5961: 5954: 5946: 5939: 5928: 5924: 5916: 5912: 5904: 5881: 5866: 5855: 5847: 5843: 5835: 5831: 5820: 5816: 5805: 5801: 5790: 5786: 5778: 5774: 5768:Southern (1990) 5766: 5762: 5751: 5720: 5712: 5701: 5693: 5689: 5678: 5674: 5663: 5659: 5651: 5647: 5639: 5612: 5606:Southern (1990) 5604: 5600: 5588: 5581: 5569: 5565: 5553: 5549: 5537: 5530: 5518: 5509: 5501: 5494: 5486: 5479: 5468: 5427: 5421:Southern (1990) 5419: 5415: 5403: 5399: 5391: 5387: 5379: 5375: 5367: 5363: 5355: 5351: 5345:Southern (1990) 5343: 5336: 5324: 5320: 5308: 5304: 5294: 5292: 5284: 5283: 5279: 5271: 5267: 5259: 5255: 5247: 5243: 5235: 5228: 5218: 5216: 5203: 5202: 5198: 5190: 5186: 5182: 5177: 5176: 5164: 5160: 5151: 5147: 5102: 5098: 5089: 5085: 5080: 5076: 5071: 5067: 5041: 5037: 5012: 5008: 4997: 4993: 4976: 4972: 4957: 4953: 4934: 4930: 4913: 4909: 4904: 4900: 4895: 4816: 4593: 4540:are located in 4528:Communium Rerum 4473:doctor Marianus 4414:Catholic Church 4343: 4248:Gilbert Crispin 4233:Orderic Vitalis 4189:A 12th-century 4183: 4039:Council of Bari 3965: 3873: 3865:Main articles: 3863: 3820:) and benefit ( 3811:De Casu Diaboli 3770:De Casu Diaboli 3704: 3636: 3519: 3511:Main articles: 3509: 3476:that attribute 3470:false dichotomy 3411: 3310:De Casu Diaboli 3239:Council of Bari 3094: 3039:, on behalf of 2958:Bishop of Aosta 2934: 2903: 2840:Treaty of Alton 2828:Ranulf Flambard 2824:Robert Curthose 2761: 2739:lay investiture 2735:St Peter's 2690:and the use of 2682:Council of Bari 2633: 2620: 2539:Lords Spiritual 2472: 2375: 2359:Victor III 2252:and administer 2230: 2201: 2191: 2189: 2177: 2169: 2168: 2163: 2162: 2161: 1996: 1988: 1987: 1986: 1806: 1798: 1797: 1796: 1616: 1608: 1607: 1606: 1486: 1477: 1467: 1466: 1374: 1366: 1365: 1295: 1285: 1284: 1258:Social teaching 1213: 1203: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1121:Gilbert Crispin 1088:Norman Conquest 1052: 951:Duke William II 933: 928: 827: 815:diocese of Lyon 807:Bishop Burchard 770:county of Savoy 768:and formed the 742:bishop of Aosta 692: 673: 618:Council of Bari 610:William II 599:Pope Clement XI 571:Catholic Church 540: 533:Anselmo d'Aosta 529:Anselme d'Aoste 524:Anselm of Aosta 522: 494: 490: 467: 446: 430: 420: 416: 362: 352: 344: 338: 336: 322: 310: 302: 288: 269: 265: 263:Catholic Church 232: 206: 197: 184: 182: 181: 180:Anselme d'Aoste 166:4 December 1093 142:Ralph d'Escures 90:Catholic Church 81: 66: 58: 53: 52: 49: 48: 35: 28: 23: 22: 18:Anselm of Aosta 15: 12: 11: 5: 19189: 19179: 19178: 19173: 19168: 19163: 19158: 19153: 19148: 19143: 19138: 19133: 19128: 19123: 19121:Italian abbots 19118: 19113: 19108: 19103: 19098: 19093: 19088: 19083: 19078: 19073: 19068: 19063: 19058: 19053: 19048: 19043: 19038: 19033: 19028: 19023: 19018: 19013: 19008: 19003: 18998: 18983: 18982: 18970: 18958: 18946: 18923: 18922: 18917: 18916: 18914: 18913: 18903: 18892: 18889: 18888: 18886: 18885: 18878: 18873: 18868: 18863: 18858: 18853: 18848: 18843: 18838: 18833: 18827: 18825: 18824:Related topics 18821: 18820: 18817: 18816: 18814: 18813: 18807: 18806: 18801: 18796: 18791: 18786: 18784:Daniel Dennett 18781: 18776: 18774:Ravi Zacharias 18771: 18766: 18761: 18756: 18751: 18746: 18741: 18739:William L Rowe 18735: 18733: 18725: 18724: 18722: 18721: 18716: 18714:William Alston 18711: 18706: 18701: 18696: 18691: 18686: 18681: 18676: 18670: 18669: 18664: 18662:Gabriel Marcel 18659: 18654: 18649: 18644: 18639: 18634: 18629: 18624: 18618: 18616: 18610: 18609: 18607: 18606: 18601: 18599:Ernst Cassirer 18596: 18591: 18586: 18581: 18576: 18571: 18565: 18564: 18559: 18554: 18549: 18544: 18538: 18536: 18530: 18529: 18527: 18526: 18521: 18516: 18511: 18506: 18501: 18496: 18494:Thomas Carlyle 18490: 18489: 18484: 18479: 18473: 18471: 18465: 18464: 18462: 18461: 18456: 18451: 18446: 18441: 18436: 18431: 18426: 18421: 18419:Baruch Spinoza 18416: 18411: 18406: 18404:René Descartes 18401: 18395: 18393: 18387: 18386: 18384: 18383: 18378: 18376:Thomas Aquinas 18373: 18368: 18363: 18358: 18353: 18348: 18343: 18338: 18333: 18328: 18323: 18318: 18313: 18307: 18305: 18291: 18282: 18279: 18278: 18276: 18275: 18270: 18265: 18260: 18255: 18250: 18245: 18239: 18237: 18231: 18230: 18228: 18227: 18222: 18217: 18212: 18207: 18201: 18199: 18193: 18192: 18190: 18189: 18182: 18177: 18172: 18167: 18162: 18157: 18152: 18147: 18145:Possibilianism 18142: 18137: 18132: 18127: 18122: 18117: 18112: 18107: 18102: 18101: 18100: 18095: 18090: 18080: 18075: 18070: 18065: 18060: 18055: 18054: 18053: 18048: 18043: 18033: 18028: 18023: 18021:Fundamentalism 18018: 18013: 18012: 18011: 18006: 17996: 17995: 17994: 17989: 17982:Existentialism 17979: 17974: 17969: 17964: 17959: 17954: 17949: 17944: 17939: 17934: 17929: 17924: 17919: 17913: 17911: 17905: 17904: 17901: 17900: 17898: 17897: 17892: 17887: 17882: 17877: 17875:Noncognitivism 17872: 17867: 17862: 17857: 17852: 17847: 17842: 17836: 17834: 17830: 17829: 17827: 17826: 17824:Transcendental 17821: 17820: 17819: 17814: 17804: 17799: 17794: 17792:Pascal's wager 17789: 17784: 17779: 17774: 17769: 17764: 17759: 17754: 17749: 17744: 17743: 17742: 17737: 17727: 17722: 17720:Christological 17717: 17711: 17709: 17702: 17696: 17695: 17692: 17691: 17689: 17688: 17683: 17678: 17673: 17668: 17663: 17658: 17653: 17648: 17643: 17638: 17632: 17630: 17626: 17625: 17623: 17622: 17617: 17612: 17607: 17602: 17597: 17592: 17587: 17582: 17577: 17572: 17566: 17560: 17554: 17553: 17551: 17550: 17545: 17540: 17535: 17530: 17525: 17520: 17515: 17514: 17513: 17502: 17497: 17491: 17489: 17485: 17484: 17477: 17476: 17469: 17462: 17454: 17445: 17444: 17438: 17435: 17434: 17431: 17430: 17428: 17427: 17422: 17417: 17412: 17407: 17402: 17397: 17392: 17387: 17382: 17377: 17372: 17367: 17361: 17359: 17355: 17354: 17352: 17351: 17346: 17341: 17336: 17331: 17326: 17321: 17316: 17310: 17308: 17304: 17303: 17301: 17300: 17295: 17290: 17285: 17280: 17275: 17270: 17265: 17260: 17255: 17250: 17245: 17240: 17235: 17230: 17225: 17219: 17217: 17210: 17204: 17203: 17200: 17199: 17197: 17196: 17191: 17189:Hasdai Crescas 17186: 17181: 17176: 17171: 17166: 17161: 17156: 17151: 17145: 17143: 17136: 17130: 17129: 17126: 17125: 17123: 17122: 17117: 17112: 17110:Paul of Venice 17107: 17105:Vincent Ferrer 17102: 17097: 17092: 17087: 17082: 17077: 17071: 17069: 17065: 17064: 17062: 17061: 17056: 17051: 17046: 17041: 17036: 17031: 17026: 17021: 17016: 17011: 17006: 17001: 16996: 16994:Thomas Aquinas 16991: 16986: 16981: 16979:Henry of Ghent 16976: 16971: 16966: 16960: 16958: 16952: 16951: 16949: 16948: 16946:Alain de Lille 16943: 16938: 16933: 16928: 16923: 16918: 16913: 16908: 16903: 16901:Anselm of Laon 16898: 16893: 16888: 16880: 16878: 16872: 16871: 16869: 16868: 16863: 16858: 16853: 16848: 16843: 16838: 16833: 16830:Church Fathers 16825: 16823: 16816: 16810: 16809: 16802: 16801: 16794: 16787: 16779: 16770: 16769: 16763: 16760: 16759: 16757: 16756: 16751: 16749:Rowan Williams 16746: 16741: 16736: 16731: 16729:Michael Ramsey 16726: 16721: 16719:William Temple 16716: 16711: 16706: 16701: 16696: 16691: 16686: 16681: 16679:William Howley 16676: 16671: 16666: 16661: 16656: 16654:Matthew Hutton 16651: 16649:Thomas Herring 16646: 16641: 16636: 16634:Thomas Tenison 16631: 16629:John Tillotson 16626: 16621: 16616: 16611: 16602: 16597: 16592: 16587: 16582: 16580:Edmund Grindal 16577: 16575:Matthew Parker 16571: 16569: 16565: 16564: 16562: 16561: 16556: 16554:Thomas Cranmer 16551: 16549:William Warham 16546: 16541: 16538:Thomas Langton 16534: 16529: 16524: 16519: 16514: 16512:Henry Chichele 16509: 16507:Thomas Arundel 16504: 16499: 16497:Thomas Arundel 16494: 16489: 16484: 16479: 16474: 16467: 16462: 16457: 16454:John de Ufford 16450: 16445: 16440: 16435: 16428: 16423: 16418: 16415:Robert Burnell 16411: 16406: 16399: 16394: 16389: 16382: 16375: 16368: 16363: 16356: 16351: 16344: 16337: 16332: 16325: 16320: 16315: 16308: 16303: 16298: 16293: 16288: 16283: 16277: 16275: 16268: 16267: 16265: 16264: 16259: 16254: 16249: 16244: 16239: 16234: 16229: 16224: 16219: 16214: 16209: 16204: 16199: 16194: 16189: 16184: 16179: 16174: 16169: 16164: 16159: 16154: 16149: 16144: 16139: 16134: 16129: 16124: 16117: 16112: 16107: 16102: 16097: 16092: 16086: 16084: 16077: 16076: 16071: 16068: 16067: 16060: 16059: 16052: 16045: 16037: 16028: 16027: 16024: 16023: 16021: 16020: 16015: 16013:Roman Ingarden 16010: 16008:Edmund Husserl 16005: 15999: 15997: 15991: 15990: 15988: 15983: 15981:Crispin Wright 15978: 15973: 15968: 15963: 15958: 15953: 15948: 15946:W. V. O. Quine 15943: 15938: 15933: 15928: 15923: 15918: 15913: 15911: 15902: 15898: 15897: 15895: 15894: 15889: 15884: 15879: 15874: 15869: 15863: 15860: 15859: 15857: 15852: 15847: 15845:Ralph Cudworth 15842: 15840: 15834: 15833: 15831: 15830: 15825: 15823:Giordano Bruno 15819: 15816: 15815: 15813: 15812: 15807: 15802: 15797: 15791: 15789: 15780: 15771: 15767: 15766: 15764: 15763: 15761:Paul of Venice 15758: 15753: 15748: 15743: 15738: 15736:Henry of Ghent 15733: 15728: 15723: 15718: 15713: 15708: 15703: 15697: 15695: 15691: 15690: 15687: 15686: 15683: 15682: 15680: 15679: 15674: 15669: 15664: 15659: 15654: 15649: 15644: 15639: 15634: 15629: 15624: 15619: 15614: 15609: 15604: 15599: 15594: 15589: 15584: 15579: 15573: 15571: 15564: 15563: 15558: 15553: 15548: 15543: 15538: 15533: 15528: 15523: 15518: 15513: 15508: 15503: 15498: 15493: 15488: 15483: 15478: 15473: 15468: 15463: 15458: 15457: 15456: 15445: 15443: 15437: 15436: 15434: 15433: 15428: 15423: 15418: 15413: 15408: 15403: 15398: 15393: 15388: 15383: 15378: 15373: 15368: 15363: 15358: 15353: 15348: 15343: 15337: 15335: 15329: 15328: 15325: 15324: 15321: 15320: 15318: 15317: 15312: 15307: 15302: 15297: 15292: 15287: 15282: 15277: 15271: 15269: 15265: 15264: 15262: 15261: 15256: 15247: 15242: 15237: 15231: 15229: 15222: 15216: 15215: 15213: 15212: 15207: 15202: 15197: 15192: 15187: 15182: 15177: 15172: 15167: 15162: 15157: 15148: 15143: 15138: 15129: 15124: 15122:Philip of Opus 15119: 15114: 15109: 15103: 15101: 15094: 15085: 15081: 15080: 15073: 15072: 15065: 15058: 15050: 15041: 15040: 15038: 15037: 15025: 15012: 15009: 15008: 15006: 15005: 15003:Virtuous pagan 15000: 14995: 14994: 14993: 14988: 14983: 14973: 14968: 14963: 14958: 14952: 14950: 14946: 14945: 14943: 14942: 14937: 14932: 14927: 14922: 14917: 14912: 14907: 14902: 14897: 14892: 14887: 14882: 14877: 14872: 14867: 14862: 14857: 14852: 14847: 14842: 14837: 14832: 14827: 14822: 14817: 14812: 14807: 14802: 14797: 14792: 14786: 14784: 14778: 14777: 14775: 14774: 14769: 14767:Zechariah (NT) 14764: 14759: 14754: 14749: 14744: 14739: 14734: 14729: 14724: 14719: 14714: 14709: 14704: 14699: 14694: 14689: 14684: 14679: 14674: 14669: 14664: 14659: 14654: 14649: 14644: 14639: 14634: 14628: 14626: 14620: 14619: 14617: 14616: 14611: 14606: 14601: 14596: 14591: 14586: 14581: 14576: 14571: 14566: 14561: 14556: 14551: 14546: 14541: 14536: 14531: 14526: 14521: 14516: 14511: 14506: 14501: 14496: 14491: 14486: 14481: 14476: 14471: 14466: 14461: 14456: 14451: 14446: 14441: 14436: 14431: 14426: 14421: 14416: 14411: 14406: 14401: 14396: 14391: 14386: 14381: 14376: 14371: 14366: 14361: 14356: 14351: 14346: 14341: 14336: 14331: 14326: 14321: 14316: 14311: 14306: 14301: 14296: 14291: 14286: 14281: 14276: 14271: 14266: 14261: 14256: 14251: 14246: 14241: 14236: 14231: 14226: 14221: 14216: 14211: 14206: 14200: 14198: 14192: 14191: 14189: 14188: 14181: 14176: 14171: 14166: 14161: 14156: 14151: 14146: 14141: 14136: 14130: 14128: 14122: 14121: 14119: 14118: 14113: 14108: 14103: 14101:Junípero Serra 14098: 14093: 14088: 14086:Francis Xavier 14083: 14078: 14073: 14068: 14062: 14060: 14054: 14053: 14051: 14050: 14045: 14040: 14035: 14030: 14028:Uganda Martyrs 14025: 14020: 14015: 14010: 14005: 14000: 13998:Titus Brandsma 13995: 13990: 13985: 13980: 13975: 13973:Pietro Parenzo 13970: 13965: 13960: 13955: 13950: 13945: 13940: 13935: 13930: 13925: 13920: 13915: 13910: 13905: 13900: 13895: 13890: 13885: 13880: 13875: 13870: 13865: 13860: 13855: 13850: 13845: 13843:Korean Martyrs 13840: 13835: 13830: 13825: 13820: 13815: 13810: 13805: 13800: 13795: 13790: 13785: 13780: 13775: 13770: 13768:Boris and Gleb 13765: 13759: 13757: 13751: 13750: 13748: 13747: 13742: 13737: 13732: 13727: 13722: 13717: 13712: 13707: 13702: 13697: 13692: 13687: 13682: 13677: 13672: 13667: 13662: 13657: 13652: 13647: 13642: 13637: 13632: 13627: 13622: 13617: 13612: 13610:Desert Mothers 13607: 13605:Desert Fathers 13602: 13597: 13592: 13587: 13582: 13577: 13572: 13567: 13562: 13557: 13552: 13547: 13542: 13537: 13532: 13526: 13524: 13516: 13515: 13513: 13512: 13507: 13502: 13497: 13491: 13489: 13483: 13482: 13480: 13479: 13474: 13469: 13464: 13459: 13454: 13449: 13444: 13439: 13434: 13429: 13424: 13419: 13417:Peter Canisius 13414: 13409: 13404: 13399: 13394: 13389: 13384: 13379: 13374: 13369: 13364: 13362:Thomas Aquinas 13359: 13354: 13349: 13344: 13339: 13334: 13329: 13324: 13319: 13314: 13309: 13304: 13299: 13293: 13291: 13285: 13284: 13282: 13281: 13276: 13271: 13266: 13261: 13256: 13251: 13249:Mary Magdalene 13246: 13241: 13235: 13233: 13227: 13226: 13224: 13223: 13218: 13213: 13208: 13203: 13198: 13193: 13188: 13183: 13178: 13176:Louis Bertrand 13173: 13168: 13163: 13161:Francis Borgia 13158: 13153: 13148: 13143: 13138: 13133: 13128: 13122: 13120: 13114: 13113: 13111: 13110: 13105: 13096: 13090: 13088: 13082: 13081: 13079: 13078: 13073: 13068: 13063: 13058: 13053: 13048: 13043: 13038: 13033: 13028: 13023: 13018: 13013: 13007: 13005: 12999: 12998: 12996: 12995: 12990: 12988:Titles of Mary 12985: 12980: 12975: 12970: 12965: 12959: 12957: 12951: 12950: 12935:Servant of God 12924: 12921: 12920: 12913: 12912: 12905: 12898: 12890: 12881: 12880: 12878: 12877: 12865: 12852: 12849: 12848: 12846: 12845: 12840: 12835: 12830: 12825: 12820: 12815: 12810: 12805: 12800: 12794: 12792: 12788: 12787: 12785: 12784: 12779: 12774: 12769: 12768: 12767: 12762: 12752: 12747: 12742: 12737: 12732: 12727: 12722: 12717: 12712: 12710:Pascal's wager 12707: 12702: 12697: 12692: 12687: 12682: 12677: 12672: 12670:Guardian angel 12667: 12662: 12657: 12652: 12647: 12642: 12637: 12632: 12627: 12622: 12617: 12612: 12607: 12602: 12597: 12591: 12589: 12585: 12584: 12582: 12581: 12576: 12571: 12566: 12561: 12556: 12551: 12546: 12541: 12536: 12531: 12526: 12521: 12516: 12511: 12506: 12501: 12496: 12491: 12486: 12481: 12476: 12471: 12466: 12461: 12456: 12451: 12446: 12441: 12436: 12431: 12426: 12421: 12416: 12411: 12406: 12401: 12396: 12391: 12386: 12381: 12376: 12370: 12368: 12362: 12361: 12358: 12357: 12355: 12354: 12349: 12344: 12338: 12336: 12332: 12331: 12329: 12328: 12323: 12318: 12313: 12308: 12302: 12300: 12294: 12293: 12291: 12290: 12285: 12280: 12275: 12270: 12265: 12259: 12257: 12251: 12250: 12248: 12247: 12242: 12237: 12232: 12227: 12225:Augustinianism 12221: 12219: 12210: 12206: 12205: 12186: 12184: 12182: 12181: 12176: 12171: 12166: 12161: 12156: 12151: 12146: 12141: 12136: 12134:Divine command 12131: 12125: 12123: 12117: 12116: 12109: 12108: 12101: 12094: 12086: 12080: 12077: 12076: 12064: 12063: 12061: 12060: 12047: 12044: 12043: 12041: 12040: 12035: 12030: 12025: 12020: 12015: 12010: 12005: 12000: 11995: 11990: 11985: 11980: 11975: 11969: 11967: 11963: 11962: 11960: 11959: 11954: 11949: 11944: 11939: 11934: 11929: 11924: 11919: 11914: 11909: 11904: 11899: 11894: 11889: 11884: 11879: 11874: 11869: 11864: 11859: 11854: 11852:Henri de Lubac 11849: 11844: 11839: 11834: 11829: 11827:Gabriel Marcel 11824: 11819: 11814: 11809: 11807:Étienne Gilson 11804: 11799: 11794: 11789: 11784: 11778: 11776: 11772: 11771: 11769: 11768: 11763: 11758: 11756:George Tyrrell 11753: 11748: 11743: 11738: 11733: 11728: 11723: 11718: 11716:Émile Boutroux 11713: 11708: 11703: 11698: 11696:Giuseppe Pecci 11693: 11688: 11683: 11678: 11673: 11668: 11663: 11658: 11653: 11648: 11643: 11637: 11635: 11631: 11630: 11628: 11627: 11622: 11617: 11612: 11607: 11602: 11597: 11592: 11587: 11582: 11577: 11567: 11562: 11557: 11552: 11547: 11545:António Vieira 11542: 11537: 11535:René Descartes 11532: 11527: 11522: 11516: 11514: 11506:Baroque period 11504: 11501: 11500: 11498: 11497: 11492: 11487: 11482: 11477: 11470:Luis de Molina 11467: 11465:Peter Canisius 11462: 11457: 11452: 11447: 11445:Francis Xavier 11442: 11437: 11432: 11427: 11422: 11417: 11412: 11407: 11402: 11400:Thomas Cajetan 11397: 11391: 11389: 11380: 11377: 11376: 11374: 11373: 11368: 11363: 11358: 11353: 11348: 11343: 11338: 11333: 11331:Heinrich Seuse 11328: 11321: 11316: 11311: 11306: 11301: 11296: 11291: 11286: 11281: 11276: 11271: 11265: 11263: 11256: 11255: 11253: 11252: 11247: 11242: 11237: 11235:Thomas Aquinas 11232: 11230:Henry of Ghent 11227: 11222: 11217: 11212: 11207: 11202: 11197: 11192: 11187: 11182: 11177: 11175:Anselm of Laon 11172: 11167: 11162: 11157: 11152: 11147: 11142: 11137: 11132: 11127: 11121: 11119: 11113: 11112: 11110: 11109: 11104: 11099: 11097:Rabanus Maurus 11094: 11089: 11084: 11079: 11074: 11069: 11064: 11059: 11054: 11049: 11044: 11039: 11034: 11028: 11026: 11020: 11019: 11017: 11016: 11014:Pope Gregory I 11011: 11006: 11001: 10996: 10991: 10986: 10981: 10976: 10971: 10966: 10961: 10956: 10951: 10946: 10941: 10936: 10931: 10926: 10921: 10916: 10911: 10906: 10901: 10895: 10893: 10890:Pope Gregory I 10883: 10880: 10879: 10877: 10876: 10871: 10866: 10861: 10856: 10851: 10846: 10839: 10834: 10829: 10822: 10815: 10810: 10805: 10798: 10793: 10788: 10782: 10780: 10774: 10773: 10771: 10770: 10765: 10764: 10763: 10761:Biblical canon 10758: 10751:Catholic Bible 10748: 10743: 10742: 10741: 10731: 10730: 10729: 10718: 10716: 10712: 10711: 10706: 10703: 10702: 10695: 10694: 10687: 10680: 10672: 10664: 10663: 10656: 10653: 10644: 10639: 10635: 10634: 10631: 10628: 10619: 10616: 10612: 10611: 10603: 10602: 10596: 10591: 10579: 10564: 10555: 10538: 10525: 10512:"Saint Anselm" 10508: 10487:Lewis, David, 10482: 10481:External links 10479: 10478: 10477: 10472: 10455: 10442: 10429: 10416: 10398: 10378: 10375: 10373: 10372: 10356: 10343: 10333:Willis, Robert 10329: 10319:Chisholm, Hugh 10308: 10296: 10287: 10275: 10263: 10251: 10239: 10223: 10218: 10196: 10187: 10185:on 8 June 2016 10152: 10133: 10112: 10107: 10089: 10084: 10071: 10055: 10042: 10036: 10018: 9997: 9981: 9976: 9961: 9930:Church History 9925: 9901: 9877: 9857: 9848: 9843: 9825: 9820: 9807: 9796: 9787: 9782: 9760:Marenbon, John 9756: 9750: 9734: 9729: 9714: 9709: 9690: 9677: 9657: 9652: 9637: 9606: 9597:on 28 May 2010 9572: 9551: 9546: 9531: 9526: 9513: 9504: 9495: 9490: 9471: 9456: 9446:Chisholm, Hugh 9435: 9418: 9410:Opuscula Sacra 9405: 9392: 9387: 9372: 9360: 9355: 9337: 9322: 9311: 9282: 9250: 9210: 9205: 9192: 9187: 9174: 9169: 9150: 9139: 9134: 9117: 9112: 9095: 9088: 9077: 9068: 9062: 9044: 9033:"Anselm" 9030:, ed. (1911). 9028:Chisholm, Hugh 9024: 9004: 8981: 8965: 8960: 8940: 8926: 8915:"Anselm" 8909: 8904: 8884: 8871: 8863:"Saint Anselm" 8859: 8842: 8840: 8837: 8835: 8834: 8822: 8806:"The Calendar" 8797: 8771: 8746: 8719: 8715:Jackson (1909) 8707: 8695: 8676: 8664: 8652: 8633: 8621: 8619:, p. 157. 8609: 8597: 8585: 8581:Boswell (1980) 8573: 8569:McGuire (1985) 8561: 8540: 8538:, p. 396. 8528: 8526:, p. 361. 8506: 8494: 8478: 8466: 8458:Holland (2012) 8450: 8430: 8418: 8406: 8394: 8382: 8370: 8354: 8338: 8326: 8314: 8299: 8279: 8264: 8246: 8226: 8214: 8194: 8182: 8170: 8150: 8138: 8126: 8117: 8108: 8091: 8079: 8067: 8055: 8035: 8015: 8000: 7980: 7960: 7937: 7925: 7895: 7876: 7864: 7849: 7827: 7812: 7797: 7777: 7741: 7725: 7706: 7704:, p. 214. 7694: 7678: 7659: 7643: 7622: 7603: 7566: 7550: 7534: 7519: 7507: 7492: 7490:, p. 302. 7480: 7464: 7447: 7428: 7409: 7397: 7381: 7372: 7356: 7338: 7322: 7314:Thomas Herring 7305: 7289: 7281:Thomas Herring 7272: 7256: 7240: 7236:Thomas Herring 7218: 7202: 7183: 7167: 7148: 7123: 7098: 7096:, p. 297. 7086: 7074: 7062: 7043: 7031: 7016: 7014:, p. 367. 7001: 6989: 6970: 6958: 6946: 6919: 6907: 6888: 6884:Crawley (1910) 6876: 6874:, p. 215. 6872:Boswell (1980) 6864: 6860:Partner (1973) 6852: 6840: 6838:, p. 295. 6823: 6811: 6799: 6787: 6785:, p. 120. 6775: 6759: 6747: 6735: 6733:, p. 281. 6723: 6721:, p. 280. 6711: 6667: 6644: 6625: 6610: 6589: 6587:, p. 360. 6577: 6575:, p. 292. 6565: 6563:, p. 291. 6553: 6537: 6535:, p. 194. 6525: 6523:, p. 188. 6513: 6501: 6499:, p. 169. 6489: 6467: 6451: 6439: 6427: 6425:, p. 289. 6415: 6403: 6391: 6389:, p. 136. 6379: 6357: 6355:, p. 287. 6345: 6329: 6317: 6301: 6285: 6273: 6271:, p. 298. 6258: 6243: 6228: 6210: 6208:, p. 293. 6191: 6189:, p. 357. 6176: 6174:, p. 218. 6164: 6149: 6147:, p. 683. 6137: 6133:Boniface (747) 6125: 6113: 6111:, p. 248. 6101: 6099:, p. 286. 6084: 6082:, p. 246. 6072: 6070:, p. 306. 6060: 6044: 6028: 6016: 6014:, p. 371. 6001: 5982: 5980:, p. 370. 5967: 5952: 5937: 5935:, p. 369. 5922: 5920:, p. 281. 5910: 5906:Grzesik (2000) 5879: 5853: 5841: 5839:, p. 282. 5829: 5827:, p. 368. 5814: 5799: 5784: 5772: 5760: 5718: 5699: 5687: 5685:, p. 366. 5672: 5657: 5645: 5610: 5598: 5579: 5563: 5547: 5528: 5507: 5503:Rivolin (2009) 5492: 5477: 5425: 5413: 5397: 5393:Villari (1911) 5385: 5373: 5361: 5359:, p. 155. 5349: 5334: 5318: 5302: 5290:Britannica.com 5277: 5275:, p. 146. 5273:Marrone (2014) 5265: 5263:, p. 120. 5253: 5241: 5226: 5215:on 16 May 2019 5196: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5175: 5174: 5158: 5145: 5129:Thomas Aquinas 5096: 5083: 5074: 5065: 5035: 5025:terms used by 5006: 4991: 4970: 4951: 4928: 4907: 4897: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4890: 4889: 4884: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4864: 4859: 4846: 4839: 4836:Saint Anselm's 4833: 4824: 4815: 4812: 4811: 4810: 4801: 4792: 4783: 4770: 4761: 4749: 4736: 4724: 4711: 4693: 4673: 4661: 4652: 4634: 4592: 4589: 4562:Lambeth Palace 4552:, created the 4416:, much of the 4342: 4339: 4322:among others. 4292:predestination 4268:Thomas Aquinas 4256:Anselm of Laon 4182: 4179: 3993:Trinitarianism 3964: 3961: 3927:'s power over 3862: 3857: 3853:Lambeth Palace 3761:("On Truth"), 3703: 3700: 3671:) or apology ( 3635: 3630: 3508: 3503: 3410: 3405: 3389: 3388: 3379: 3370: 3361: 3352: 3343: 3330: 3329: 3314: 3305: 3296: 3287: 3278: 3269: 3173:", innovating 3118:Scotus Erigena 3093: 3090: 3019:St Thomas 3003:Holy Wednesday 2983:Thomas II 2933: 2930: 2902: 2899: 2887:clerical dress 2851:Lambeth Palace 2787:William Rufus 2760: 2757: 2751:—and then for 2731:Easter Council 2727:seat of honour 2704:Constantinople 2667:Siege of Capua 2619: 2616: 2481:Robert II 2471: 2468: 2374: 2371: 2268:Bishop William 2232: 2231: 2229: 2228: 2221: 2214: 2206: 2203: 2202: 2200: 2199: 2187: 2174: 2171: 2170: 2165: 2164: 2160: 2159: 2154: 2149: 2144: 2139: 2134: 2129: 2124: 2119: 2114: 2109: 2104: 2099: 2094: 2089: 2084: 2079: 2074: 2069: 2064: 2059: 2054: 2049: 2044: 2039: 2034: 2029: 2024: 2019: 2014: 2009: 2004: 1998: 1997: 1994: 1993: 1990: 1989: 1985: 1984: 1979: 1974: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1874: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1808: 1807: 1804: 1803: 1800: 1799: 1795: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1734: 1729: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1669: 1664: 1659: 1654: 1649: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1629: 1624: 1618: 1617: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1609: 1605: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1504: 1499: 1494: 1488: 1487: 1484: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1472: 1469: 1468: 1465: 1464: 1463: 1462: 1457: 1447: 1442: 1441: 1440: 1435: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1409: 1408: 1406:Friends of God 1398: 1393: 1388: 1387: 1386: 1379:Augustinianism 1375: 1372: 1371: 1368: 1367: 1364: 1363: 1358: 1357: 1356: 1351: 1344:Predestination 1341: 1336: 1331: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1296: 1291: 1290: 1287: 1286: 1283: 1282: 1280:Works of mercy 1277: 1272: 1267: 1266: 1265: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1214: 1209: 1208: 1205: 1204: 1191: 1167: 1166: 1160: 1159: 1151: 1150: 1086:Following the 1070:, Anselm, and 1051: 1048: 1032:Trinitarianism 932: 929: 927: 924: 826: 823: 703:Upper Burgundy 691: 688: 672: 669: 547:Anselme du Bec 537:his birthplace 477: 476: 473: 472: 469: 468: 466: 465: 460: 455: 449: 447: 444: 441: 440: 431: 429:Main interests 428: 425: 424: 422:Augustinianism 411: 405: 404: 403: 402: 397: 387: 383: 382: 377: 373: 372: 369: 368: 355: 349: 348: 341: 340: 320: 316: 315: 301:4 October 1494 299: 295: 294: 278: 277:Title as Saint 274: 273: 260: 256: 255: 252: 248: 247: 243: 242: 239: 235: 234: 229: 225: 224: 219: 215: 214: 203: 199: 198: 185: 179: 177: 173: 172: 168: 167: 164: 160: 159: 155: 154: 149: 145: 144: 139: 135: 134: 129: 125: 124: 121: 117: 116: 113: 109: 108: 105: 101: 100: 97: 93: 92: 87: 83: 82: 79: 71: 70: 60: 59: 54: 50: 44: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 19188: 19177: 19174: 19172: 19169: 19167: 19164: 19162: 19159: 19157: 19154: 19152: 19149: 19147: 19144: 19142: 19139: 19137: 19134: 19132: 19129: 19127: 19124: 19122: 19119: 19117: 19116:Lombard monks 19114: 19112: 19109: 19107: 19104: 19102: 19099: 19097: 19094: 19092: 19089: 19087: 19084: 19082: 19079: 19077: 19074: 19072: 19069: 19067: 19064: 19062: 19059: 19057: 19054: 19052: 19049: 19047: 19044: 19042: 19039: 19037: 19034: 19032: 19029: 19027: 19024: 19022: 19019: 19017: 19014: 19012: 19009: 19007: 19004: 19002: 18999: 18997: 18994: 18993: 18991: 18981: 18971: 18969: 18964: 18959: 18957: 18947: 18945: 18935: 18934: 18931: 18912: 18904: 18902: 18898: 18894: 18893: 18890: 18884: 18883: 18879: 18877: 18874: 18872: 18869: 18867: 18864: 18862: 18859: 18857: 18854: 18852: 18849: 18847: 18844: 18842: 18839: 18837: 18834: 18832: 18829: 18828: 18826: 18822: 18812: 18809: 18808: 18805: 18802: 18800: 18797: 18795: 18792: 18790: 18787: 18785: 18782: 18780: 18777: 18775: 18772: 18770: 18767: 18765: 18762: 18760: 18757: 18755: 18754:Anthony Kenny 18752: 18750: 18747: 18745: 18742: 18740: 18737: 18736: 18734: 18726: 18720: 18717: 18715: 18712: 18710: 18707: 18705: 18702: 18700: 18697: 18695: 18692: 18690: 18687: 18685: 18682: 18680: 18679:Mircea Eliade 18677: 18675: 18672: 18671: 18668: 18665: 18663: 18660: 18658: 18655: 18653: 18650: 18648: 18645: 18643: 18640: 18638: 18635: 18633: 18630: 18628: 18625: 18623: 18620: 18619: 18617: 18611: 18605: 18602: 18600: 18597: 18595: 18592: 18590: 18587: 18585: 18582: 18580: 18577: 18575: 18572: 18570: 18567: 18566: 18563: 18562:William James 18560: 18558: 18555: 18553: 18550: 18548: 18545: 18543: 18542:Ernst Haeckel 18540: 18539: 18537: 18531: 18525: 18522: 18520: 18517: 18515: 18512: 18510: 18507: 18505: 18502: 18500: 18497: 18495: 18492: 18491: 18488: 18485: 18483: 18480: 18478: 18475: 18474: 18472: 18466: 18460: 18457: 18455: 18454:Immanuel Kant 18452: 18450: 18447: 18445: 18442: 18440: 18437: 18435: 18432: 18430: 18427: 18425: 18422: 18420: 18417: 18415: 18412: 18410: 18409:Blaise Pascal 18407: 18405: 18402: 18400: 18397: 18396: 18394: 18392: 18388: 18382: 18379: 18377: 18374: 18372: 18369: 18367: 18364: 18362: 18359: 18357: 18354: 18352: 18349: 18347: 18344: 18342: 18339: 18337: 18334: 18332: 18329: 18327: 18324: 18322: 18319: 18317: 18314: 18312: 18309: 18308: 18306: 18304: 18299: 18295: 18292: 18287: 18280: 18274: 18271: 18269: 18266: 18264: 18261: 18259: 18256: 18254: 18251: 18249: 18246: 18244: 18241: 18240: 18238: 18236: 18232: 18226: 18223: 18221: 18218: 18216: 18213: 18211: 18210:Language game 18208: 18206: 18203: 18202: 18200: 18198: 18194: 18188: 18187: 18183: 18181: 18178: 18176: 18173: 18171: 18168: 18166: 18163: 18161: 18158: 18156: 18153: 18151: 18148: 18146: 18143: 18141: 18138: 18136: 18133: 18131: 18128: 18126: 18123: 18121: 18118: 18116: 18113: 18111: 18108: 18106: 18103: 18099: 18096: 18094: 18091: 18089: 18086: 18085: 18084: 18081: 18079: 18076: 18074: 18071: 18069: 18066: 18064: 18061: 18059: 18056: 18052: 18049: 18047: 18044: 18042: 18039: 18038: 18037: 18034: 18032: 18029: 18027: 18024: 18022: 18019: 18017: 18014: 18010: 18007: 18005: 18002: 18001: 18000: 17997: 17993: 17990: 17988: 17985: 17984: 17983: 17980: 17978: 17975: 17973: 17970: 17968: 17965: 17963: 17960: 17958: 17955: 17953: 17950: 17948: 17945: 17943: 17940: 17938: 17935: 17933: 17930: 17928: 17925: 17923: 17920: 17918: 17915: 17914: 17912: 17910: 17906: 17896: 17893: 17891: 17888: 17886: 17883: 17881: 17880:Occam's razor 17878: 17876: 17873: 17871: 17868: 17866: 17863: 17861: 17858: 17856: 17853: 17851: 17848: 17846: 17843: 17841: 17838: 17837: 17835: 17831: 17825: 17822: 17818: 17815: 17813: 17810: 17809: 17808: 17805: 17803: 17800: 17798: 17795: 17793: 17790: 17788: 17785: 17783: 17780: 17778: 17775: 17773: 17770: 17768: 17765: 17763: 17760: 17758: 17755: 17753: 17750: 17748: 17745: 17741: 17738: 17736: 17733: 17732: 17731: 17728: 17726: 17725:Consciousness 17723: 17721: 17718: 17716: 17713: 17712: 17710: 17706: 17703: 17701: 17697: 17687: 17684: 17682: 17679: 17677: 17674: 17672: 17669: 17667: 17664: 17662: 17659: 17657: 17654: 17652: 17649: 17647: 17644: 17642: 17639: 17637: 17634: 17633: 17631: 17627: 17621: 17620:Unmoved mover 17618: 17616: 17615:Supreme Being 17613: 17611: 17608: 17606: 17603: 17601: 17598: 17596: 17593: 17591: 17588: 17586: 17583: 17581: 17578: 17576: 17573: 17571: 17568: 17567: 17564: 17561: 17559: 17555: 17549: 17546: 17544: 17541: 17539: 17536: 17534: 17531: 17529: 17526: 17524: 17521: 17519: 17516: 17512: 17508: 17507: 17506: 17503: 17501: 17498: 17496: 17493: 17492: 17490: 17486: 17482: 17475: 17470: 17468: 17463: 17461: 17456: 17455: 17452: 17442: 17436: 17426: 17423: 17421: 17418: 17416: 17413: 17411: 17408: 17406: 17403: 17401: 17398: 17396: 17393: 17391: 17388: 17386: 17383: 17381: 17380:Rashid al-Din 17378: 17376: 17373: 17371: 17368: 17366: 17363: 17362: 17360: 17356: 17350: 17347: 17345: 17342: 17340: 17337: 17335: 17332: 17330: 17327: 17325: 17322: 17320: 17317: 17315: 17312: 17311: 17309: 17305: 17299: 17296: 17294: 17291: 17289: 17286: 17284: 17281: 17279: 17276: 17274: 17271: 17269: 17268:Abd al-Jabbar 17266: 17264: 17261: 17259: 17256: 17254: 17251: 17249: 17246: 17244: 17241: 17239: 17236: 17234: 17231: 17229: 17226: 17224: 17221: 17220: 17218: 17214: 17211: 17209: 17205: 17195: 17192: 17190: 17187: 17185: 17182: 17180: 17177: 17175: 17172: 17170: 17167: 17165: 17162: 17160: 17157: 17155: 17152: 17150: 17147: 17146: 17144: 17140: 17137: 17135: 17131: 17121: 17118: 17116: 17113: 17111: 17108: 17106: 17103: 17101: 17098: 17096: 17093: 17091: 17088: 17086: 17085:Nicole Oresme 17083: 17081: 17078: 17076: 17073: 17072: 17070: 17066: 17060: 17057: 17055: 17052: 17050: 17047: 17045: 17042: 17040: 17037: 17035: 17034:Giles of Rome 17032: 17030: 17027: 17025: 17022: 17020: 17017: 17015: 17012: 17010: 17007: 17005: 17002: 17000: 16997: 16995: 16992: 16990: 16987: 16985: 16982: 16980: 16977: 16975: 16972: 16970: 16967: 16965: 16962: 16961: 16959: 16953: 16947: 16944: 16942: 16939: 16937: 16934: 16932: 16929: 16927: 16924: 16922: 16921:Peter Lombard 16919: 16917: 16914: 16912: 16909: 16907: 16904: 16902: 16899: 16897: 16896:Peter Abelard 16894: 16892: 16889: 16886: 16885:Scholasticism 16882: 16881: 16879: 16873: 16867: 16864: 16862: 16859: 16857: 16854: 16852: 16849: 16847: 16844: 16842: 16839: 16837: 16834: 16831: 16827: 16826: 16824: 16820: 16817: 16815: 16811: 16807: 16800: 16795: 16793: 16788: 16786: 16781: 16780: 16777: 16766: 16761: 16755: 16752: 16750: 16747: 16745: 16742: 16740: 16739:Robert Runcie 16737: 16735: 16734:Donald Coggan 16732: 16730: 16727: 16725: 16722: 16720: 16717: 16715: 16712: 16710: 16707: 16705: 16702: 16700: 16697: 16695: 16692: 16690: 16687: 16685: 16682: 16680: 16677: 16675: 16672: 16670: 16667: 16665: 16662: 16660: 16659:Thomas Secker 16657: 16655: 16652: 16650: 16647: 16645: 16642: 16640: 16637: 16635: 16632: 16630: 16627: 16625: 16622: 16620: 16617: 16615: 16614:William Juxon 16612: 16610: 16608: 16603: 16601: 16598: 16596: 16593: 16591: 16588: 16586: 16585:John Whitgift 16583: 16581: 16578: 16576: 16573: 16572: 16570: 16566: 16560: 16559:Reginald Pole 16557: 16555: 16552: 16550: 16547: 16545: 16542: 16540: 16539: 16535: 16533: 16530: 16528: 16525: 16523: 16520: 16518: 16517:John Stafford 16515: 16513: 16510: 16508: 16505: 16503: 16500: 16498: 16495: 16493: 16490: 16488: 16487:Simon Sudbury 16485: 16483: 16480: 16478: 16477:Simon Langham 16475: 16473: 16472: 16468: 16466: 16463: 16461: 16458: 16456: 16455: 16451: 16449: 16446: 16444: 16443:Simon Mepeham 16441: 16439: 16436: 16434: 16433: 16432:Thomas Cobham 16429: 16427: 16424: 16422: 16419: 16417: 16416: 16412: 16410: 16407: 16405: 16404: 16400: 16398: 16395: 16393: 16390: 16388: 16387: 16383: 16381: 16380: 16376: 16374: 16373: 16372:Ralph Neville 16369: 16367: 16364: 16362: 16361: 16357: 16355: 16352: 16350: 16349: 16345: 16343: 16342: 16338: 16336: 16335:Hubert Walter 16333: 16331: 16330: 16326: 16324: 16321: 16319: 16316: 16314: 16313: 16309: 16307: 16306:Thomas Becket 16304: 16302: 16299: 16297: 16294: 16292: 16289: 16287: 16284: 16282: 16279: 16278: 16276: 16274: 16269: 16263: 16260: 16258: 16255: 16253: 16250: 16248: 16245: 16243: 16240: 16238: 16235: 16233: 16230: 16228: 16225: 16223: 16220: 16218: 16215: 16213: 16210: 16208: 16205: 16203: 16200: 16198: 16195: 16193: 16190: 16188: 16185: 16183: 16180: 16178: 16175: 16173: 16170: 16168: 16165: 16163: 16160: 16158: 16155: 16153: 16150: 16148: 16145: 16143: 16140: 16138: 16135: 16133: 16130: 16128: 16125: 16123: 16122: 16118: 16116: 16113: 16111: 16108: 16106: 16103: 16101: 16098: 16096: 16093: 16091: 16088: 16087: 16085: 16083: 16078: 16074: 16069: 16065: 16058: 16053: 16051: 16046: 16044: 16039: 16038: 16035: 16019: 16016: 16014: 16011: 16009: 16006: 16004: 16003:Henri Bergson 16001: 16000: 15998: 15996: 15992: 15987: 15984: 15982: 15979: 15977: 15974: 15972: 15969: 15967: 15964: 15962: 15959: 15957: 15954: 15952: 15949: 15947: 15944: 15942: 15939: 15937: 15934: 15932: 15931:Alonzo Church 15929: 15927: 15924: 15922: 15919: 15917: 15916:Gottlob Frege 15914: 15912: 15910: 15906: 15903: 15899: 15893: 15892:Aleksei Losev 15890: 15888: 15885: 15883: 15880: 15878: 15875: 15873: 15870: 15868: 15867:Thomas Taylor 15865: 15864: 15856: 15853: 15851: 15848: 15846: 15843: 15841: 15839: 15835: 15829: 15828:Blaise Pascal 15826: 15824: 15821: 15820: 15811: 15808: 15806: 15803: 15801: 15798: 15796: 15793: 15792: 15790: 15788: 15784: 15781: 15779: 15775: 15772: 15768: 15762: 15759: 15757: 15754: 15752: 15749: 15747: 15744: 15742: 15739: 15737: 15734: 15732: 15729: 15727: 15724: 15722: 15719: 15717: 15716:Peter Abelard 15714: 15712: 15709: 15707: 15704: 15702: 15699: 15698: 15696: 15692: 15678: 15675: 15673: 15670: 15668: 15665: 15663: 15660: 15658: 15655: 15653: 15650: 15648: 15645: 15643: 15640: 15638: 15635: 15633: 15630: 15628: 15627:Asclepiodotus 15625: 15623: 15620: 15618: 15615: 15613: 15610: 15608: 15605: 15603: 15600: 15598: 15595: 15593: 15590: 15588: 15585: 15583: 15580: 15578: 15575: 15574: 15572: 15568: 15562: 15559: 15557: 15554: 15552: 15549: 15547: 15544: 15542: 15539: 15537: 15534: 15532: 15529: 15527: 15524: 15522: 15519: 15517: 15514: 15512: 15509: 15507: 15504: 15502: 15499: 15497: 15494: 15492: 15489: 15487: 15484: 15482: 15479: 15477: 15474: 15472: 15469: 15467: 15464: 15462: 15459: 15455: 15452: 15451: 15450: 15447: 15446: 15444: 15442: 15441:Neoplatonists 15438: 15432: 15429: 15427: 15424: 15422: 15419: 15417: 15414: 15412: 15409: 15407: 15404: 15402: 15399: 15397: 15394: 15392: 15389: 15387: 15384: 15382: 15379: 15377: 15374: 15372: 15369: 15367: 15364: 15362: 15361:Justin Martyr 15359: 15357: 15354: 15352: 15349: 15347: 15344: 15342: 15339: 15338: 15336: 15334: 15330: 15316: 15313: 15311: 15308: 15306: 15303: 15301: 15298: 15296: 15293: 15291: 15288: 15286: 15283: 15281: 15278: 15276: 15273: 15272: 15270: 15266: 15260: 15257: 15255: 15251: 15248: 15246: 15243: 15241: 15238: 15236: 15233: 15232: 15230: 15226: 15223: 15221: 15217: 15211: 15208: 15206: 15203: 15201: 15198: 15196: 15193: 15191: 15188: 15186: 15183: 15181: 15178: 15176: 15173: 15171: 15168: 15166: 15163: 15161: 15158: 15156: 15152: 15149: 15147: 15144: 15142: 15139: 15137: 15133: 15130: 15128: 15125: 15123: 15120: 15118: 15115: 15113: 15110: 15108: 15105: 15104: 15102: 15098: 15095: 15093: 15089: 15086: 15082: 15078: 15071: 15066: 15064: 15059: 15057: 15052: 15051: 15048: 15036: 15026: 15024: 15019: 15014: 15013: 15010: 15004: 15001: 14999: 14996: 14992: 14989: 14987: 14984: 14982: 14979: 14978: 14977: 14974: 14972: 14969: 14967: 14964: 14962: 14959: 14957: 14954: 14953: 14951: 14947: 14941: 14938: 14936: 14933: 14931: 14928: 14926: 14923: 14921: 14918: 14916: 14913: 14911: 14908: 14906: 14903: 14901: 14898: 14896: 14893: 14891: 14890:Maria Goretti 14888: 14886: 14883: 14881: 14878: 14876: 14873: 14871: 14868: 14866: 14863: 14861: 14858: 14856: 14853: 14851: 14848: 14846: 14843: 14841: 14838: 14836: 14833: 14831: 14828: 14826: 14823: 14821: 14818: 14816: 14813: 14811: 14808: 14806: 14803: 14801: 14798: 14796: 14795:Agnes of Rome 14793: 14791: 14788: 14787: 14785: 14783: 14779: 14773: 14770: 14768: 14765: 14763: 14760: 14758: 14755: 14753: 14750: 14748: 14745: 14743: 14740: 14738: 14735: 14733: 14730: 14728: 14725: 14723: 14720: 14718: 14715: 14713: 14710: 14708: 14705: 14703: 14700: 14698: 14695: 14693: 14690: 14688: 14685: 14683: 14680: 14678: 14675: 14673: 14670: 14668: 14665: 14663: 14660: 14658: 14655: 14653: 14650: 14648: 14645: 14643: 14640: 14638: 14635: 14633: 14630: 14629: 14627: 14625: 14621: 14615: 14612: 14610: 14607: 14605: 14602: 14600: 14597: 14595: 14592: 14590: 14587: 14585: 14582: 14580: 14577: 14575: 14572: 14570: 14567: 14565: 14562: 14560: 14557: 14555: 14552: 14550: 14547: 14545: 14542: 14540: 14537: 14535: 14532: 14530: 14527: 14525: 14522: 14520: 14517: 14515: 14512: 14510: 14507: 14505: 14502: 14500: 14497: 14495: 14492: 14490: 14487: 14485: 14482: 14480: 14477: 14475: 14472: 14470: 14467: 14465: 14462: 14460: 14457: 14455: 14452: 14450: 14447: 14445: 14442: 14440: 14437: 14435: 14432: 14430: 14427: 14425: 14422: 14420: 14417: 14415: 14412: 14410: 14407: 14405: 14402: 14400: 14397: 14395: 14392: 14390: 14387: 14385: 14382: 14380: 14377: 14375: 14372: 14370: 14367: 14365: 14362: 14360: 14357: 14355: 14352: 14350: 14347: 14345: 14342: 14340: 14337: 14335: 14332: 14330: 14327: 14325: 14322: 14320: 14317: 14315: 14312: 14310: 14307: 14305: 14302: 14300: 14297: 14295: 14292: 14290: 14287: 14285: 14282: 14280: 14277: 14275: 14272: 14270: 14267: 14265: 14262: 14260: 14257: 14255: 14252: 14250: 14247: 14245: 14242: 14240: 14237: 14235: 14232: 14230: 14227: 14225: 14222: 14220: 14217: 14215: 14212: 14210: 14207: 14205: 14202: 14201: 14199: 14197: 14193: 14187: 14186: 14182: 14180: 14177: 14175: 14172: 14170: 14167: 14165: 14162: 14160: 14157: 14155: 14152: 14150: 14147: 14145: 14142: 14140: 14137: 14135: 14132: 14131: 14129: 14127: 14123: 14117: 14114: 14112: 14109: 14107: 14104: 14102: 14099: 14097: 14094: 14092: 14089: 14087: 14084: 14082: 14079: 14077: 14074: 14072: 14069: 14067: 14064: 14063: 14061: 14059: 14055: 14049: 14046: 14044: 14041: 14039: 14036: 14034: 14031: 14029: 14026: 14024: 14021: 14019: 14016: 14014: 14011: 14009: 14008:Thomas Becket 14006: 14004: 14001: 13999: 13996: 13994: 13991: 13989: 13986: 13984: 13981: 13979: 13976: 13974: 13971: 13969: 13966: 13964: 13961: 13959: 13956: 13954: 13951: 13949: 13946: 13944: 13941: 13939: 13936: 13934: 13931: 13929: 13926: 13924: 13921: 13919: 13916: 13914: 13911: 13909: 13906: 13904: 13901: 13899: 13896: 13894: 13891: 13889: 13886: 13884: 13881: 13879: 13876: 13874: 13871: 13869: 13866: 13864: 13861: 13859: 13856: 13854: 13851: 13849: 13846: 13844: 13841: 13839: 13836: 13834: 13833:Irish Martyrs 13831: 13829: 13826: 13824: 13821: 13819: 13816: 13814: 13811: 13809: 13806: 13804: 13801: 13799: 13796: 13794: 13791: 13789: 13786: 13784: 13781: 13779: 13776: 13774: 13771: 13769: 13766: 13764: 13761: 13760: 13758: 13756: 13752: 13746: 13743: 13741: 13738: 13736: 13733: 13731: 13728: 13726: 13723: 13721: 13718: 13716: 13713: 13711: 13708: 13706: 13703: 13701: 13698: 13696: 13693: 13691: 13688: 13686: 13683: 13681: 13678: 13676: 13673: 13671: 13668: 13666: 13663: 13661: 13658: 13656: 13653: 13651: 13648: 13646: 13643: 13641: 13638: 13636: 13633: 13631: 13628: 13626: 13623: 13621: 13618: 13616: 13613: 13611: 13608: 13606: 13603: 13601: 13598: 13596: 13593: 13591: 13588: 13586: 13583: 13581: 13578: 13576: 13573: 13571: 13568: 13566: 13563: 13561: 13558: 13556: 13553: 13551: 13548: 13546: 13543: 13541: 13538: 13536: 13533: 13531: 13528: 13527: 13525: 13523: 13517: 13511: 13508: 13506: 13503: 13501: 13498: 13496: 13493: 13492: 13490: 13488: 13484: 13478: 13475: 13473: 13470: 13468: 13465: 13463: 13462:John of Ávila 13460: 13458: 13455: 13453: 13450: 13448: 13445: 13443: 13440: 13438: 13435: 13433: 13430: 13428: 13425: 13423: 13420: 13418: 13415: 13413: 13410: 13408: 13405: 13403: 13400: 13398: 13395: 13393: 13390: 13388: 13387:Leo the Great 13385: 13383: 13380: 13378: 13375: 13373: 13370: 13368: 13365: 13363: 13360: 13358: 13355: 13353: 13350: 13348: 13345: 13343: 13340: 13338: 13335: 13333: 13330: 13328: 13325: 13323: 13320: 13318: 13315: 13313: 13310: 13308: 13305: 13303: 13300: 13298: 13295: 13294: 13292: 13290: 13286: 13280: 13277: 13275: 13272: 13270: 13267: 13265: 13262: 13260: 13257: 13255: 13252: 13250: 13247: 13245: 13242: 13240: 13237: 13236: 13234: 13232: 13228: 13222: 13219: 13217: 13214: 13212: 13209: 13207: 13204: 13202: 13199: 13197: 13194: 13192: 13189: 13187: 13184: 13182: 13179: 13177: 13174: 13172: 13169: 13167: 13164: 13162: 13159: 13157: 13154: 13152: 13149: 13147: 13144: 13142: 13139: 13137: 13134: 13132: 13129: 13127: 13124: 13123: 13121: 13119: 13115: 13109: 13106: 13104: 13100: 13097: 13095: 13092: 13091: 13089: 13087: 13083: 13077: 13074: 13072: 13069: 13067: 13064: 13062: 13059: 13057: 13054: 13052: 13049: 13047: 13044: 13042: 13039: 13037: 13034: 13032: 13029: 13027: 13024: 13022: 13019: 13017: 13014: 13012: 13009: 13008: 13006: 13004: 13000: 12994: 12991: 12989: 12986: 12984: 12981: 12979: 12976: 12974: 12971: 12969: 12966: 12964: 12961: 12960: 12958: 12956: 12952: 12948: 12944: 12940: 12936: 12932: 12927: 12922: 12918: 12911: 12906: 12904: 12899: 12897: 12892: 12891: 12888: 12876: 12866: 12864: 12859: 12854: 12853: 12850: 12844: 12843:Phenomenology 12841: 12839: 12836: 12834: 12831: 12829: 12826: 12824: 12821: 12819: 12816: 12814: 12811: 12809: 12806: 12804: 12801: 12799: 12796: 12795: 12793: 12789: 12783: 12780: 12778: 12775: 12773: 12770: 12766: 12763: 12761: 12758: 12757: 12756: 12753: 12751: 12748: 12746: 12743: 12741: 12740:Rota Fortunae 12738: 12736: 12733: 12731: 12728: 12726: 12723: 12721: 12718: 12716: 12713: 12711: 12708: 12706: 12703: 12701: 12700:Occam's razor 12698: 12696: 12693: 12691: 12688: 12686: 12683: 12681: 12680:Head of a pin 12678: 12676: 12673: 12671: 12668: 12666: 12663: 12661: 12658: 12656: 12653: 12651: 12648: 12646: 12643: 12641: 12638: 12636: 12633: 12631: 12628: 12626: 12623: 12621: 12618: 12616: 12613: 12611: 12608: 12606: 12603: 12601: 12598: 12596: 12595:Actus Essendi 12593: 12592: 12590: 12586: 12580: 12577: 12575: 12572: 12570: 12567: 12565: 12562: 12560: 12557: 12555: 12552: 12550: 12547: 12545: 12542: 12540: 12537: 12535: 12532: 12530: 12527: 12525: 12522: 12520: 12517: 12515: 12512: 12510: 12507: 12505: 12502: 12500: 12497: 12495: 12492: 12490: 12487: 12485: 12482: 12480: 12477: 12475: 12472: 12470: 12467: 12465: 12462: 12460: 12457: 12455: 12452: 12450: 12447: 12445: 12442: 12440: 12437: 12435: 12432: 12430: 12429:Chateaubriand 12427: 12425: 12422: 12420: 12417: 12415: 12412: 12410: 12407: 12405: 12402: 12400: 12397: 12395: 12392: 12390: 12387: 12385: 12382: 12380: 12377: 12375: 12372: 12371: 12369: 12367: 12363: 12353: 12350: 12348: 12345: 12343: 12340: 12339: 12337: 12333: 12327: 12324: 12322: 12319: 12317: 12316:Conceptualism 12314: 12312: 12309: 12307: 12304: 12303: 12301: 12299: 12295: 12289: 12286: 12284: 12281: 12279: 12276: 12274: 12271: 12269: 12266: 12264: 12261: 12260: 12258: 12256: 12252: 12246: 12243: 12241: 12238: 12236: 12233: 12231: 12230:Scholasticism 12228: 12226: 12223: 12222: 12220: 12218: 12214: 12211: 12207: 12180: 12179:Virtue ethics 12177: 12175: 12172: 12170: 12167: 12165: 12164:Seven virtues 12162: 12160: 12157: 12155: 12152: 12150: 12147: 12145: 12142: 12140: 12137: 12135: 12132: 12130: 12127: 12126: 12124: 12122: 12118: 12114: 12107: 12102: 12100: 12095: 12093: 12088: 12087: 12084: 12078: 12071: 12059: 12054: 12049: 12048: 12045: 12039: 12036: 12034: 12033:Aidan Nichols 12031: 12029: 12026: 12024: 12021: 12019: 12016: 12014: 12013:Michał Heller 12011: 12009: 12006: 12004: 12003:Walter Kasper 12001: 11999: 11996: 11994: 11991: 11989: 11986: 11984: 11981: 11979: 11976: 11974: 11971: 11970: 11968: 11964: 11958: 11955: 11953: 11950: 11948: 11945: 11943: 11940: 11938: 11935: 11933: 11932:Thomas Merton 11930: 11928: 11925: 11923: 11920: 11918: 11915: 11913: 11910: 11908: 11905: 11903: 11902:Jean Daniélou 11900: 11898: 11895: 11893: 11890: 11888: 11885: 11883: 11880: 11878: 11875: 11873: 11870: 11868: 11865: 11863: 11860: 11858: 11855: 11853: 11850: 11848: 11845: 11843: 11840: 11838: 11835: 11833: 11830: 11828: 11825: 11823: 11820: 11818: 11815: 11813: 11810: 11808: 11805: 11803: 11800: 11798: 11795: 11793: 11790: 11788: 11785: 11783: 11780: 11779: 11777: 11773: 11767: 11764: 11762: 11759: 11757: 11754: 11752: 11749: 11747: 11744: 11742: 11739: 11737: 11734: 11732: 11729: 11727: 11724: 11722: 11719: 11717: 11714: 11712: 11709: 11707: 11704: 11702: 11699: 11697: 11694: 11692: 11689: 11687: 11684: 11682: 11679: 11677: 11674: 11672: 11669: 11667: 11664: 11662: 11659: 11657: 11654: 11652: 11649: 11647: 11644: 11642: 11641:Joseph Görres 11639: 11638: 11636: 11632: 11626: 11625:Bruno Lanteri 11623: 11621: 11618: 11616: 11613: 11611: 11608: 11606: 11603: 11601: 11598: 11596: 11593: 11591: 11588: 11586: 11583: 11581: 11580:Blaise Pascal 11578: 11575: 11571: 11568: 11566: 11563: 11561: 11558: 11556: 11553: 11551: 11548: 11546: 11543: 11541: 11538: 11536: 11533: 11531: 11528: 11526: 11523: 11521: 11518: 11517: 11515: 11512: 11507: 11502: 11496: 11493: 11491: 11488: 11486: 11483: 11481: 11478: 11475: 11471: 11468: 11466: 11463: 11461: 11458: 11456: 11453: 11451: 11448: 11446: 11443: 11441: 11440:John of Ávila 11438: 11436: 11433: 11431: 11428: 11426: 11423: 11421: 11418: 11416: 11413: 11411: 11408: 11406: 11403: 11401: 11398: 11396: 11393: 11392: 11390: 11387: 11383: 11378: 11372: 11369: 11367: 11364: 11362: 11359: 11357: 11354: 11352: 11349: 11347: 11344: 11342: 11339: 11337: 11334: 11332: 11329: 11327: 11326: 11322: 11320: 11319:Walter Hilton 11317: 11315: 11312: 11310: 11307: 11305: 11302: 11300: 11297: 11295: 11292: 11290: 11289:Richard Rolle 11287: 11285: 11282: 11280: 11277: 11275: 11272: 11270: 11267: 11266: 11264: 11261: 11257: 11251: 11248: 11246: 11243: 11241: 11238: 11236: 11233: 11231: 11228: 11226: 11223: 11221: 11218: 11216: 11213: 11211: 11208: 11206: 11203: 11201: 11198: 11196: 11193: 11191: 11188: 11186: 11183: 11181: 11178: 11176: 11173: 11171: 11170:Peter Lombard 11168: 11166: 11163: 11161: 11158: 11156: 11155:Peter Abelard 11153: 11151: 11148: 11146: 11143: 11141: 11138: 11136: 11133: 11131: 11128: 11126: 11123: 11122: 11120: 11118: 11114: 11108: 11105: 11103: 11100: 11098: 11095: 11093: 11090: 11088: 11085: 11083: 11080: 11078: 11075: 11073: 11070: 11068: 11065: 11063: 11060: 11058: 11055: 11053: 11050: 11048: 11047:Monothelitism 11045: 11043: 11040: 11038: 11037:John Climacus 11035: 11033: 11030: 11029: 11027: 11025: 11021: 11015: 11012: 11010: 11007: 11005: 11002: 11000: 10997: 10995: 10992: 10990: 10987: 10985: 10982: 10980: 10977: 10975: 10972: 10970: 10967: 10965: 10962: 10960: 10957: 10955: 10952: 10950: 10947: 10945: 10942: 10940: 10937: 10935: 10932: 10930: 10927: 10925: 10924:Monophysitism 10922: 10920: 10917: 10915: 10912: 10910: 10907: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10897: 10896: 10894: 10891: 10886: 10881: 10875: 10872: 10870: 10867: 10865: 10862: 10860: 10857: 10855: 10852: 10850: 10847: 10845: 10844: 10840: 10838: 10837:Justin Martyr 10835: 10833: 10830: 10828: 10827: 10823: 10821: 10820: 10816: 10814: 10811: 10809: 10806: 10804: 10803: 10799: 10797: 10794: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10783: 10781: 10779: 10775: 10769: 10766: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10754: 10753: 10752: 10749: 10747: 10744: 10740: 10739:Papal primacy 10737: 10736: 10735: 10732: 10728: 10725: 10724: 10723: 10720: 10719: 10717: 10713: 10709: 10704: 10700: 10693: 10688: 10686: 10681: 10679: 10674: 10673: 10670: 10659: 10650: 10649: 10642: 10636: 10625: 10624: 10613: 10610: 10606: 10600: 10597: 10595: 10592: 10588: 10584: 10580: 10572: 10568: 10565: 10559: 10556: 10551: 10547: 10543: 10539: 10534: 10533:Latin Library 10530: 10526: 10522: 10521: 10518: 10513: 10509: 10506: 10494: 10490: 10485: 10484: 10475: 10469: 10465: 10461: 10456: 10452: 10449:(in Latin), ( 10448: 10443: 10439: 10436:(in Latin), ( 10435: 10430: 10426: 10423:(in Latin), ( 10422: 10417: 10413: 10408: 10406: 10405:Cur Deus Homo 10399: 10395: 10394: 10390: 10385: 10381: 10380: 10369: 10365: 10361: 10357: 10353: 10349: 10344: 10340: 10339: 10334: 10330: 10326: 10325: 10320: 10315: 10309: 10305: 10302: 10297: 10293: 10288: 10284: 10281: 10276: 10272: 10269: 10264: 10260: 10257: 10252: 10248: 10245: 10240: 10236: 10232: 10228: 10224: 10221: 10215: 10211: 10207: 10206: 10201: 10197: 10193: 10188: 10181: 10177: 10173: 10169: 10165: 10158: 10153: 10143: 10139: 10134: 10124: 10123: 10118: 10113: 10110: 10108:9781974119073 10104: 10100: 10099: 10096: 10090: 10087: 10081: 10077: 10072: 10069: 10065: 10061: 10056: 10050: 10049: 10043: 10039: 10033: 10029: 10028: 10023: 10019: 10008: 10007: 10002: 9998: 9995: 9991: 9987: 9982: 9979: 9977:9780786452484 9973: 9970:, McFarland, 9969: 9968: 9962: 9959: 9955: 9951: 9947: 9943: 9939: 9935: 9931: 9926: 9922: 9918: 9911: 9907: 9902: 9898: 9894: 9887: 9883: 9878: 9874: 9867: 9863: 9858: 9854: 9849: 9846: 9844:9781108058773 9840: 9836: 9835: 9832: 9826: 9823: 9821:0-631-14351-3 9817: 9813: 9808: 9805: 9802: 9797: 9793: 9788: 9785: 9783:0-7735-3016-9 9779: 9775: 9774: 9769: 9767: 9761: 9757: 9753: 9747: 9743: 9739: 9735: 9732: 9730:0-19-289179-0 9726: 9722: 9721: 9715: 9712: 9706: 9702: 9701: 9697: 9691: 9687: 9683: 9678: 9674: 9673: 9667: 9662: 9658: 9655: 9653:9781136212789 9649: 9645: 9644: 9638: 9634: 9628: 9620: 9619: 9613: 9607: 9593: 9589: 9585: 9578: 9573: 9569: 9568: 9563: 9552: 9549: 9543: 9539: 9538: 9532: 9529: 9523: 9519: 9514: 9510: 9505: 9501: 9496: 9493: 9487: 9483: 9482: 9477: 9472: 9468: 9467: 9463: 9457: 9453: 9452: 9447: 9442: 9436: 9431: 9424: 9419: 9415: 9411: 9406: 9402: 9398: 9393: 9390: 9388:0-231-12550-X 9384: 9380: 9379: 9373: 9369: 9366: 9361: 9358: 9356:9780971598614 9352: 9348: 9347: 9342: 9338: 9334: 9333: 9329: 9323: 9319: 9318: 9312: 9308: 9304: 9303: 9295: 9293: 9287: 9283: 9279: 9275: 9271: 9267: 9263: 9259: 9255: 9251: 9247: 9243: 9239: 9235: 9231: 9227: 9223: 9219: 9215: 9211: 9208: 9206:0-7509-1947-7 9202: 9198: 9193: 9190: 9184: 9180: 9175: 9172: 9170:9781472420992 9166: 9162: 9161: 9156: 9151: 9147: 9146: 9140: 9137: 9135:0-521-00205-2 9131: 9127: 9123: 9118: 9115: 9109: 9105: 9101: 9096: 9093: 9089: 9085: 9084: 9078: 9074: 9069: 9065: 9059: 9052: 9051: 9045: 9041: 9040: 9034: 9029: 9025: 9021: 9017: 9013: 9012:St. Anselm's 9009: 9005: 9002: 8998: 8994: 8990: 8986: 8982: 8978: 8975: 8971: 8966: 8963: 8961:0-226-06711-4 8957: 8952: 8951: 8945: 8944:Boswell, John 8941: 8937: 8936: 8931: 8927: 8923: 8922: 8916: 8910: 8907: 8905:0-520-04936-5 8901: 8897: 8893: 8892:William Rufus 8889: 8888:Barlow, Frank 8885: 8881: 8878:(in Latin), ( 8877: 8872: 8868: 8864: 8860: 8856: 8853: 8849: 8844: 8843: 8831: 8826: 8811: 8807: 8801: 8786: 8782: 8775: 8761: 8757: 8750: 8735: 8734: 8729: 8723: 8716: 8711: 8704: 8699: 8692: 8688: 8683: 8681: 8673: 8668: 8661: 8660:Vaughn (1987) 8656: 8649: 8644: 8642: 8640: 8638: 8630: 8625: 8618: 8613: 8606: 8601: 8595:, p. 18. 8594: 8589: 8582: 8577: 8570: 8565: 8558: 8554: 8549: 8547: 8545: 8537: 8532: 8525: 8523: 8517: 8515: 8513: 8511: 8503: 8502:Sadler (2006) 8498: 8491: 8487: 8482: 8475: 8474:Sadler (2006) 8470: 8463: 8459: 8454: 8447: 8443: 8439: 8434: 8427: 8426:Sadler (2006) 8422: 8416:, p. 52. 8415: 8414:Janaro (2006) 8410: 8404:, p. 51. 8403: 8402:Janaro (2006) 8398: 8391: 8386: 8379: 8374: 8367: 8363: 8362:Fulton (2002) 8358: 8351: 8347: 8346:Fulton (2002) 8342: 8336:, p. 83. 8335: 8330: 8324:, §3 & 7. 8323: 8322:Sadler (2006) 8318: 8311: 8310:Sadler (2006) 8306: 8304: 8296: 8294: 8288: 8286: 8284: 8276: 8275:Sadler (2006) 8271: 8269: 8261: 8259: 8253: 8251: 8243: 8239: 8235: 8230: 8223: 8222:Sadler (2006) 8218: 8211: 8209: 8203: 8201: 8199: 8191: 8190:Sadler (2006) 8186: 8180:, p. 65. 8179: 8174: 8167: 8163: 8159: 8154: 8147: 8142: 8135: 8130: 8121: 8112: 8105: 8104:Sadler (2006) 8100: 8098: 8096: 8088: 8083: 8076: 8071: 8064: 8059: 8052: 8048: 8044: 8039: 8032: 8028: 8024: 8019: 8012: 8010: 8004: 7997: 7995: 7989: 7987: 7985: 7977: 7973: 7969: 7964: 7957: 7956:Sadler (2006) 7952: 7950: 7948: 7946: 7944: 7942: 7934: 7933:McEvoy (1994) 7929: 7922: 7920: 7914: 7912: 7910: 7908: 7906: 7904: 7902: 7900: 7892: 7888: 7883: 7881: 7873: 7872:Sadler (2006) 7868: 7861: 7860:Rogers (2008) 7856: 7854: 7846: 7844: 7838: 7836: 7834: 7832: 7824: 7823:Sadler (2006) 7819: 7817: 7809: 7807: 7801: 7794: 7790: 7786: 7781: 7775:, p. 93. 7774: 7772: 7766: 7764: 7762: 7760: 7758: 7756: 7754: 7752: 7750: 7748: 7746: 7738: 7734: 7729: 7722: 7718: 7713: 7711: 7703: 7702:Gibson (1981) 7698: 7691: 7687: 7682: 7675: 7671: 7666: 7664: 7656: 7652: 7647: 7640: 7636: 7631: 7629: 7627: 7619: 7615: 7610: 7608: 7600: 7599:Sadler (2006) 7595: 7593: 7591: 7589: 7587: 7585: 7583: 7581: 7579: 7577: 7575: 7573: 7571: 7563: 7559: 7554: 7547: 7546:Cur Deus Homo 7543: 7538: 7531: 7529: 7523: 7516: 7515:Schaff (2005) 7511: 7505:, p. 82. 7504: 7499: 7497: 7489: 7484: 7477: 7473: 7468: 7461: 7460:Sadler (2006) 7456: 7454: 7452: 7444: 7440: 7435: 7433: 7425: 7421: 7416: 7414: 7406: 7405:Sadler (2006) 7401: 7394: 7390: 7385: 7376: 7369: 7365: 7360: 7353: 7347: 7345: 7343: 7335: 7331: 7326: 7319: 7315: 7309: 7302: 7298: 7293: 7286: 7282: 7276: 7269: 7265: 7260: 7253: 7249: 7244: 7237: 7233: 7227: 7225: 7223: 7215: 7211: 7206: 7199: 7195: 7190: 7188: 7180: 7176: 7175:Willis (1845) 7171: 7164: 7160: 7158: 7152: 7137: 7133: 7127: 7113: 7109: 7102: 7095: 7094:Vaughn (1975) 7090: 7084:, p. 80. 7083: 7082:Vaughn (1980) 7078: 7071: 7070:Vaughn (1975) 7066: 7059: 7055: 7053: 7047: 7041:, p. 77. 7040: 7039:Vaughn (1980) 7035: 7029:, p. 76. 7028: 7027:Vaughn (1980) 7023: 7021: 7013: 7012:Vaughn (1978) 7008: 7006: 6999:, p. 75. 6998: 6997:Vaughn (1980) 6993: 6986: 6982: 6980: 6974: 6967: 6962: 6956:, p. 74. 6955: 6954:Vaughn (1980) 6950: 6943: 6939: 6934: 6932: 6930: 6928: 6926: 6924: 6917:, p. 71. 6916: 6915:Vaughn (1980) 6911: 6904: 6900: 6898: 6892: 6885: 6880: 6873: 6868: 6861: 6856: 6849: 6844: 6837: 6836:Vaughn (1975) 6832: 6830: 6828: 6820: 6815: 6808: 6803: 6797:, p. 67. 6796: 6795:Vaughn (1980) 6791: 6784: 6779: 6772: 6768: 6763: 6757:, p. 63. 6756: 6755:Vaughn (1980) 6751: 6744: 6743:Sharpe (2009) 6739: 6732: 6727: 6720: 6715: 6709:, p. 92. 6708: 6706: 6700: 6698: 6696: 6694: 6692: 6690: 6688: 6686: 6684: 6682: 6680: 6678: 6676: 6674: 6672: 6664: 6660: 6655: 6653: 6651: 6649: 6641: 6637: 6632: 6630: 6622: 6617: 6615: 6607: 6603: 6598: 6596: 6594: 6586: 6585:Vaughn (1978) 6581: 6574: 6573:Vaughn (1975) 6569: 6562: 6561:Vaughn (1975) 6557: 6550: 6546: 6545:Potter (2009) 6541: 6534: 6533:Vaughn (1987) 6529: 6522: 6521:Vaughn (1987) 6517: 6511:, p. 97. 6510: 6509:Cantor (1958) 6505: 6498: 6493: 6486: 6482: 6480: 6474: 6472: 6464: 6460: 6459:Davies (1874) 6455: 6448: 6447:Barlow (1983) 6443: 6437:, p. 92. 6436: 6435:Cantor (1958) 6431: 6424: 6423:Vaughn (1975) 6419: 6412: 6411:Vaughn (1987) 6407: 6401:, p. 52. 6400: 6395: 6388: 6383: 6376: 6372: 6370: 6364: 6362: 6354: 6353:Vaughn (1975) 6349: 6342: 6338: 6337:Willis (1845) 6333: 6327:, p. 49. 6326: 6321: 6314: 6310: 6309:Willis (1845) 6305: 6298: 6294: 6293:Willis (1845) 6289: 6282: 6281:Duggan (1965) 6277: 6270: 6269:Vaughn (1975) 6265: 6263: 6256:, p. 83. 6255: 6254:Vaughn (1980) 6250: 6248: 6241:, p. 82. 6240: 6239:Vaughn (1980) 6235: 6233: 6225: 6223: 6217: 6215: 6207: 6206:Vaughn (1975) 6202: 6200: 6198: 6196: 6188: 6187:Vaughn (1978) 6183: 6181: 6173: 6172:Vaughn (1988) 6168: 6161: 6156: 6154: 6146: 6141: 6134: 6129: 6123:, p. 17. 6122: 6117: 6110: 6109:Vaughn (1974) 6105: 6098: 6097:Vaughn (1975) 6093: 6091: 6089: 6081: 6080:Vaughn (1974) 6076: 6069: 6068:Barlow (1983) 6064: 6057: 6053: 6048: 6041: 6037: 6032: 6025: 6024:Barlow (1983) 6020: 6013: 6011: 6005: 5998: 5994: 5989: 5987: 5979: 5977: 5971: 5965:, p. 74. 5964: 5959: 5957: 5950:, p. 16. 5949: 5944: 5942: 5934: 5932: 5926: 5919: 5918:Vaughn (1975) 5914: 5907: 5902: 5900: 5898: 5896: 5894: 5892: 5890: 5888: 5886: 5884: 5876: 5872: 5870: 5864: 5862: 5860: 5858: 5851:, p. 15. 5850: 5845: 5838: 5837:Vaughn (1975) 5833: 5826: 5824: 5818: 5811: 5809: 5803: 5796: 5794: 5788: 5782:, p. 10. 5781: 5776: 5770:, p. 32. 5769: 5764: 5757: 5755: 5749: 5747: 5745: 5743: 5741: 5739: 5737: 5735: 5733: 5731: 5729: 5727: 5725: 5723: 5715: 5714:Sadler (2006) 5710: 5708: 5706: 5704: 5696: 5691: 5684: 5682: 5676: 5669: 5667: 5661: 5655:, Ch. 3. 5654: 5649: 5642: 5641:Butler (1864) 5637: 5635: 5633: 5631: 5629: 5627: 5625: 5623: 5621: 5619: 5617: 5615: 5607: 5602: 5595: 5591: 5586: 5584: 5576: 5572: 5567: 5560: 5556: 5551: 5544: 5540: 5535: 5533: 5525: 5521: 5516: 5514: 5512: 5504: 5499: 5497: 5489: 5488:Robson (1996) 5484: 5482: 5475:, p. 91. 5474: 5472: 5466: 5464: 5462: 5460: 5458: 5456: 5454: 5452: 5450: 5448: 5446: 5444: 5442: 5440: 5438: 5436: 5434: 5432: 5430: 5422: 5417: 5410: 5406: 5401: 5394: 5389: 5382: 5377: 5370: 5369:Kirsch (1911) 5365: 5358: 5353: 5346: 5341: 5339: 5331: 5327: 5322: 5315: 5311: 5306: 5291: 5287: 5281: 5274: 5269: 5262: 5257: 5251:, p. 66. 5250: 5245: 5238: 5233: 5231: 5214: 5210: 5206: 5200: 5193: 5188: 5184: 5171: 5167: 5162: 5155: 5149: 5142: 5138: 5134: 5133:Immanuel Kant 5130: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5114: 5110: 5106: 5100: 5093: 5087: 5078: 5069: 5062: 5058: 5054: 5052: 5051: 5045: 5042:Although the 5039: 5032: 5028: 5024: 5020: 5016: 5010: 5004: 5000: 4995: 4987: 4981: 4974: 4968: 4966: 4960: 4955: 4948: 4947: 4942: 4938: 4932: 4925: 4921: 4917: 4911: 4902: 4898: 4888: 4885: 4883: 4882:Scholasticism 4880: 4878: 4875: 4873: 4870: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4860: 4858: 4854: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4844: 4843:Cur Deus Homo 4840: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4831:Saint Anselms 4828: 4827:Other Anselms 4825: 4823: 4822: 4818: 4817: 4807: 4802: 4798: 4793: 4789: 4784: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4767: 4762: 4758: 4754: 4750: 4746: 4742: 4737: 4733: 4730: 4729:St. Anselm's 4725: 4721: 4718:De Grammatico 4717: 4712: 4708: 4705: 4700: 4694: 4691: 4690:"Meditations" 4687: 4681: 4680: 4674: 4670: 4669: 4662: 4658: 4653: 4649: 4648: 4645: 4641: 4635: 4632: 4631: 4626: 4622: 4618: 4612: 4611: 4608: 4604: 4599: 4595: 4594: 4588: 4586: 4582: 4578: 4574: 4569: 4567: 4563: 4559: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4543: 4542:New Hampshire 4539: 4535: 4531: 4529: 4523: 4519: 4515: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4502:Abbot Primate 4499: 4495: 4491: 4487: 4483: 4479: 4474: 4468: 4463: 4459: 4452: 4448: 4447:Abbot Primate 4444: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4423: 4419: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4403: 4399: 4395: 4394:Thomas Becket 4391: 4387: 4382: 4379: 4378:Becca di Nona 4375: 4371: 4367: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4350:Becca di Nona 4347: 4336: 4332: 4327: 4323: 4321: 4317: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4299: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4273: 4269: 4265: 4261: 4257: 4253: 4249: 4246:, Alexander, 4245: 4240: 4238: 4237:Matthew Paris 4234: 4230: 4226: 4225:Thomas Becket 4222: 4217: 4211: 4205: 4200: 4192: 4187: 4178: 4176: 4172: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4151: 4145: 4143: 4138: 4132: 4126: 4121: 4117: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4100: 4094: 4091: 4090:Dicta Anselmi 4085: 4079: 4073: 4066: 4064: 4063: 4058: 4053: 4047: 4042: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4028: 4024: 4020: 4016: 4012: 4011: 4010:Cur Deus Homo 4005: 4000: 3998: 3994: 3990: 3986: 3982: 3977: 3971: 3957: 3951: 3947: 3945: 3941: 3935: 3934:Cur Deus Homo 3930: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3910: 3906: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3880: 3879: 3878:Cur Deus Homo 3872: 3868: 3867:Cur Deus Homo 3861: 3860:Cur Deus Homo 3854: 3849: 3848: 3847:Cur Deus Homo 3841: 3837: 3835: 3830: 3824: 3818: 3812: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3789: 3783: 3777: 3771: 3765: 3759: 3753: 3751: 3747: 3743: 3739: 3734: 3733:De Grammatico 3728: 3726: 3725: 3724:Cur Deus Homo 3720: 3713: 3708: 3699: 3697: 3693: 3689: 3684: 3680: 3675: 3669: 3663: 3660: 3654: 3649: 3645: 3641: 3634: 3629: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3606: 3598: 3593: 3589: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3574: 3573:ratio Anselmi 3568: 3563: 3558: 3553: 3548: 3543: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3525: 3518: 3514: 3507: 3502: 3500: 3497:evidence and 3496: 3495: 3490: 3486: 3481: 3479: 3475: 3471: 3467: 3461: 3458: 3454: 3453: 3448: 3443: 3438: 3433: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3409: 3402: 3398: 3393: 3386: 3385: 3380: 3377: 3376: 3371: 3368: 3367: 3362: 3359: 3358: 3353: 3350: 3349: 3344: 3341: 3340: 3339:Cur Deus Homo 3335: 3334: 3333: 3327: 3321: 3320: 3315: 3312: 3311: 3306: 3303: 3302: 3297: 3294: 3293: 3288: 3285: 3284: 3279: 3276: 3275: 3270: 3268: 3266: 3265: 3264:De Grammatico 3259: 3258: 3257: 3250: 3246: 3244: 3240: 3234: 3231: 3230:quod credimus 3225: 3221: 3220: 3215: 3213: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3194: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3114:scholasticism 3111: 3107: 3098: 3089: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3022: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3004: 2999: 2997: 2992: 2991:anathematized 2988: 2984: 2980: 2976: 2971: 2968:In 1107, the 2963: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2938: 2929: 2926: 2921: 2918: 2913: 2909: 2898: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2847: 2845: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2820: 2818: 2814: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2801:First Crusade 2798: 2794: 2790: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2765: 2756: 2754: 2750: 2749: 2748:Cur Deus Homo 2744: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2723: 2721: 2716: 2715: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2688: 2683: 2678: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2645: 2644: 2640: 2628: 2624: 2615: 2613: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2596:Marcher Lords 2593: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2575:First Crusade 2571: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2516: 2512: 2510: 2509: 2508:Cur Deus Homo 2503: 2499: 2495: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2467: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2434: 2427:'s expansions 2426: 2422: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2408: 2404: 2400: 2399:Welsh bishops 2396: 2393: 2388: 2383: 2380: 2370: 2368: 2364: 2363:Urban II 2360: 2356: 2355:Philip I 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2317:could not be 2316: 2311: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2288:Urban II 2286:in favour of 2285: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2264: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2227: 2222: 2220: 2215: 2213: 2208: 2207: 2205: 2204: 2198: 2188: 2186: 2181: 2176: 2175: 2173: 2172: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2148: 2145: 2143: 2140: 2138: 2135: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2118: 2115: 2113: 2110: 2108: 2105: 2103: 2100: 2098: 2095: 2093: 2090: 2088: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2050: 2048: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2038: 2035: 2033: 2030: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2020: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1999: 1992: 1991: 1983: 1980: 1978: 1975: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1933: 1930: 1928: 1925: 1923: 1920: 1918: 1915: 1913: 1910: 1908: 1905: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1857:Chateaubriand 1855: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1843: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1825: 1823: 1820: 1818: 1815: 1813: 1810: 1809: 1802: 1801: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1722:Gundissalinus 1720: 1718: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1623: 1620: 1619: 1612: 1611: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1523: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1508: 1505: 1503: 1500: 1498: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1489: 1482: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1470: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1429: 1428:Scholasticism 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1418:Ressourcement 1416: 1414: 1411: 1407: 1404: 1403: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1385: 1382: 1381: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1370: 1369: 1362: 1359: 1355: 1354:Compatibilism 1352: 1350: 1347: 1346: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1300:Conceptualism 1298: 1297: 1294: 1289: 1288: 1281: 1278: 1276: 1275:Virtue ethics 1273: 1271: 1268: 1264: 1261: 1260: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1215: 1212: 1207: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1169: 1168: 1165: 1162: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1143: 1136: 1132: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1056: 1047: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1028: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1008: 1004: 1003:fall of Satan 1000: 996: 992: 988: 987: 982: 981: 976: 971: 969: 965: 960: 956: 952: 945: 941: 937: 923: 921: 917: 916: 911: 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 887: 883: 879: 875: 872: 868: 864: 860: 856: 852: 848: 842: 840: 839:psychosomatic 831: 822: 820: 816: 812: 808: 803: 802:Henry II 799: 795: 791: 785: 783: 779: 775: 771: 767: 763: 759: 755: 751: 750:March of Susa 747: 743: 739: 735: 731: 727: 723: 720:in 1032. The 719: 715: 712: 708: 704: 700: 697: 684: 679: 675: 668: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 649:Scholasticism 646: 645:philosophical 642: 639:Beginning at 637: 635: 631: 627: 623: 619: 615: 611: 607: 602: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 543: 542:Anselm of Bec 538: 534: 530: 525: 518: 488: 483: 474: 470: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 451: 450: 448: 445:Notable ideas 442: 439: 435: 432: 426: 423: 419: 415: 414:Scholasticism 412: 410: 406: 401: 398: 396: 393: 392: 391: 388: 384: 381: 378: 374: 370: 367: 366: 365:Cur Deus Homo 361: 360: 356: 350: 347: 342: 334: 330: 326: 321: 317: 314: 309: 305: 300: 296: 292: 287: 283: 279: 275: 272: 268: 264: 261: 257: 253: 249: 244: 240: 236: 230: 226: 223: 220: 216: 213: 209: 205:21 April 1109 204: 200: 196: 192: 188: 178: 174: 169: 165: 161: 156: 153: 150: 148:Other post(s) 146: 143: 140: 136: 133: 130: 126: 123:21 April 1109 122: 118: 114: 110: 106: 102: 98: 94: 91: 88: 84: 77: 72: 69: 65: 61: 57: 47: 42: 39: 37: 33: 19: 18996:1030s births 18968:Christianity 18880: 18699:Martin Lings 18652:Emil Brunner 18642:Paul Tillich 18632:Martin Buber 18547:W K Clifford 18524:Afrikan Spir 18439:Thomas Chubb 18391:Early modern 18371:Adi Shankara 18310: 18284:Philosophers 18268:Natural evil 18184: 18160:Spiritualism 18135:Perennialism 18088:Metaphysical 17932:Antireligion 17807:Teleological 17730:Cosmological 17681:Baháʼí Faith 17646:Christianity 17605:Personal god 17420:Ibn Taymiyya 17410:Ibn al-Nafis 17164:Judah Halevi 17075:Jean Buridan 17004:John Peckham 16969:Michael Scot 16890: 16764: 16754:Justin Welby 16744:George Carey 16639:William Wake 16607:Commonwealth 16604: 16600:William Laud 16595:George Abbot 16536: 16502:Roger Walden 16469: 16452: 16430: 16421:John Peckham 16413: 16401: 16384: 16377: 16370: 16358: 16348:John de Gray 16346: 16339: 16327: 16310: 16285: 16271:Conquest to 16119: 15951:David Kaplan 15901:Contemporary 15882:Josiah Royce 15710: 15667:Olympiodorus 15582:Asclepigenia 15501:Chrysanthius 14915:Rose of Lima 14409:John Paul II 14239:Anastasius I 14209:Adeodatus II 14183: 14058:Missionaries 13968:Peter Chanel 13953:Óscar Romero 13848:Lorenzo Ruiz 13823:Great Martyr 13392:Peter Damian 13371: 13201:Peter Claver 12931:canonization 12813:Neoplatonism 12735:Ressentiment 12730:Quinque viae 12695:Memento mori 12655:Double truth 12600:Actus primus 12398: 12366:Philosophers 12273:Cartesianism 12018:Peter Kreeft 11966:21st century 11957:Henri Nouwen 11867:Jean Guitton 11847:Fulton Sheen 11775:20th century 11676:Jaime Balmes 11634:19th century 11455:Luis de León 11336:Geert Groote 11323: 11144: 11140:Peter Damian 10979:John Cassian 10919:Nestorianism 10841: 10824: 10817: 10800: 10778:Early Church 10646: 10623:Abbot of Bec 10621: 10586: 10562:(in English) 10553:(in English) 10520: 10516: 10505:abbey of Bec 10496:, retrieved 10492: 10459: 10446: 10433: 10420: 10404: 10392: 10388: 10368:Grand Rapids 10363: 10347: 10337: 10322: 10304: 10300: 10291: 10283: 10279: 10271: 10267: 10259: 10255: 10247: 10243: 10230: 10204: 10191: 10180:the original 10167: 10163: 10145:, retrieved 10141: 10126:, retrieved 10120: 10098: 10094: 10075: 10059: 10047: 10026: 10011:, retrieved 10005: 9985: 9966: 9933: 9929: 9923:(2): 333–349 9920: 9916: 9896: 9892: 9872: 9852: 9834: 9830: 9811: 9804: 9803:Vol. 92 9800: 9791: 9772: 9765: 9741: 9719: 9699: 9695: 9685: 9670: 9642: 9616: 9599:, retrieved 9592:the original 9587: 9583: 9565: 9536: 9517: 9508: 9499: 9480: 9465: 9461: 9449: 9429: 9413: 9409: 9400: 9377: 9368: 9364: 9345: 9331: 9327: 9316: 9309:(3): 167–175 9306: 9300: 9291: 9261: 9221: 9196: 9178: 9159: 9144: 9121: 9103: 9091: 9082: 9072: 9049: 9037: 9019: 9015: 9011: 8988: 8977: 8976:Vol. VI 8973: 8949: 8934: 8919: 8891: 8876:De Concordia 8875: 8866: 8855: 8851: 8847: 8825: 8813:. Retrieved 8809: 8800: 8788:. Retrieved 8774: 8763:, retrieved 8759: 8749: 8738:, retrieved 8732: 8722: 8710: 8698: 8667: 8655: 8624: 8612: 8605:Olsen (1988) 8600: 8588: 8576: 8564: 8531: 8521: 8497: 8481: 8469: 8453: 8441: 8433: 8421: 8409: 8397: 8390:Foley (1909) 8385: 8378:Foley (1909) 8373: 8357: 8341: 8329: 8317: 8292: 8257: 8237: 8229: 8217: 8207: 8185: 8173: 8161: 8153: 8141: 8134:Klima (2000) 8129: 8120: 8111: 8082: 8070: 8058: 8046: 8038: 8026: 8018: 8008: 8003: 7993: 7971: 7963: 7928: 7918: 7867: 7862:, p. 8. 7842: 7805: 7800: 7788: 7780: 7770: 7733:Logan (2009) 7728: 7717:Logan (2009) 7697: 7686:Logan (2009) 7681: 7654: 7646: 7635:Logan (2009) 7561: 7553: 7545: 7537: 7527: 7522: 7510: 7483: 7467: 7439:Logan (2009) 7400: 7384: 7375: 7359: 7352:Count Perron 7325: 7308: 7292: 7275: 7259: 7243: 7205: 7170: 7156: 7151: 7140:, retrieved 7135: 7126: 7115:, retrieved 7111: 7101: 7089: 7077: 7065: 7051: 7046: 7034: 6992: 6978: 6973: 6961: 6949: 6910: 6896: 6891: 6879: 6867: 6855: 6843: 6814: 6802: 6790: 6778: 6762: 6750: 6738: 6726: 6714: 6704: 6580: 6568: 6556: 6540: 6528: 6516: 6504: 6492: 6478: 6454: 6442: 6430: 6418: 6406: 6394: 6382: 6368: 6348: 6332: 6320: 6304: 6288: 6276: 6221: 6167: 6145:Hayes (1911) 6140: 6128: 6116: 6104: 6075: 6063: 6047: 6031: 6019: 6009: 6004: 5975: 5970: 5930: 5925: 5913: 5868: 5844: 5832: 5822: 5817: 5807: 5802: 5792: 5787: 5775: 5763: 5753: 5697:, p. 9. 5690: 5680: 5675: 5665: 5660: 5648: 5608:, p. 9. 5601: 5566: 5550: 5470: 5423:, p. 8. 5416: 5400: 5388: 5376: 5364: 5352: 5347:, p. 7. 5321: 5305: 5293:. Retrieved 5289: 5280: 5268: 5256: 5249:Smith (2014) 5244: 5217:. Retrieved 5213:the original 5208: 5199: 5187: 5161: 5148: 5099: 5086: 5077: 5068: 5046: 5038: 5009: 4994: 4973: 4954: 4944: 4931: 4910: 4901: 4841: 4819: 4805: 4796: 4787: 4774: 4765: 4756: 4744: 4740: 4732: 4728: 4720:of St Anselm 4719: 4715: 4707: 4703: 4689: 4685: 4678: 4666: 4656: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4628: 4623: & 4610: 4606: 4602: 4570: 4550:Justin Welby 4525: 4455: 4439:Sant'Anselmo 4429:is uncertain 4386:canonization 4383: 4363: 4300: 4262:, including 4241: 4196: 4191:illumination 4146: 4095: 4067: 4060: 4043: 4031: 4008: 4001: 3966: 3909:flagellation 3905:Peter Damian 3874: 3859: 3800: 3796: 3754: 3729: 3722: 3716: 3711: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3683:Wolterstorff 3664: 3639: 3637: 3632: 3625: 3621: 3601: 3596: 3566: 3546: 3536: 3522: 3520: 3505: 3494:a posteriori 3492: 3488: 3484: 3482: 3478:is precisely 3477: 3473: 3462: 3456: 3452:De Trinitate 3450: 3436: 3426: 3414: 3412: 3407: 3400: 3384:De Concordia 3331: 3260: 3255: 3235: 3223: 3217: 3211: 3205:: regarding 3202: 3195: 3132:truth, as a 3103: 3030:Count Perron 3023: 3015:Holy Trinity 3000: 2967: 2962:Abbot of Bec 2922: 2904: 2901:Second exile 2848: 2821: 2786: 2746: 2724: 2720:Norman lords 2685: 2679: 2659:Greek Church 2648: 2636: 2572: 2536: 2531: 2506: 2505:work on the 2473: 2430: 2384: 2376: 2312: 2296:dispensation 2261: 2235: 2097:John Paul II 2022:Benedict XVI 1995:Contemporary 1641: 1475:Philosophers 1396:Cartesianism 1339:Quinque Viae 1085: 1025: 984: 978: 972: 948: 926:Abbot of Bec 913: 874:abbey of Bec 843: 836: 786: 766:Western Alps 693: 674: 638: 614:Henry I 603: 549:) after his 541: 523: 481: 480: 418:Neoplatonism 363: 357: 353:Notable work 345: 308:Papal States 290: 259:Venerated in 163:Consecration 152:Abbot of Bec 38: 36: 19011:Ontologists 19001:1109 deaths 18719:Antony Flew 18704:Peter Geach 18637:René Guénon 18584:Lev Shestov 18579:Rudolf Otto 18286:of religion 18125:Panentheism 18058:Inclusivism 17977:Exclusivism 17972:Esotericism 17942:Creationism 17922:Agnosticism 17890:Poor design 17885:Omnipotence 17812:Natural law 17787:Ontological 17740:Contingency 17590:Holy Spirit 17425:Ibn Khaldun 17263:Ibn Masarra 17194:Joseph Albo 17179:Nachmanides 17154:Saadia Gaon 17120:John Hennon 17044:Duns Scotus 17009:Ramon Llull 16989:Bonaventure 16984:Roger Bacon 16846:Cassiodorus 16644:John Potter 16544:Henry Deane 16532:John Morton 16465:Simon Islip 16273:Reformation 16018:Leo Strauss 15995:Continental 15956:Saul Kripke 15921:G. E. Moore 15855:Anne Conway 15778:Renaissance 15741:Bonaventure 15290:Clitomachus 15127:Aristonymus 14875:Joan of Arc 14805:Æthelthryth 14722:Melchizedek 14584:Telesphorus 14574:Sylvester I 14459:Marcellus I 14454:Marcellinus 14374:Gregory VII 14369:Gregory III 14284:Celestine V 14279:Celestine I 14274:Callixtus I 14264:Boniface IV 14254:Benedict II 14229:Alexander I 14204:Adeodatus I 14023:Ulma Family 14013:Thomas More 13863:Martyrology 13838:John Fisher 13487:Evangelists 13367:Bonaventure 13021:Bartholomew 12955:Virgin Mary 12833:Rationalism 12828:Renaissance 12760:Augustinian 12645:Disputation 12640:Differentia 12605:Actus purus 12509:Malebranche 12424:Bonaventure 12159:Personalism 12154:Natural law 12149:Probabilism 12028:Tomáš Halík 11952:Jean Vanier 11937:René Girard 11922:Alfred Delp 11887:Yves Congar 11882:Karl Rahner 11857:Dorothy Day 11842:Edith Stein 11812:Ronald Knox 11410:John Fisher 11405:Thomas More 11382:Reformation 11274:Duns Scotus 11269:Ramon Llull 11262:and reforms 11250:Roger Bacon 11215:Bonaventure 11125:Roscellinus 10914:Pelagianism 10885:Constantine 10708:Key figures 10447:De Veritate 10282:Vol. 6 10258:Vol. I 10097:Vol. I 9833:Vol. V 9464:Vol. I 9367:Vol. I 9100:"St Anselm" 8832:, p. . 8687:Rule (1883) 8648:Gale (2010) 8238:De Veritate 8124:Psalm 53:1. 8115:Psalm 14:1. 6638:, pp. 6636:Kidd (1927) 6339:, pp. 6325:Cook (1949) 6311:, pp. 6160:Kent (1907) 5590:Rule (1883) 5571:Rule (1883) 5555:Rule (1883) 5539:Rule (1883) 5405:Rule (1883) 5383:, p. . 5326:Rule (1883) 5310:Rule (1883) 5295:24 November 5194:, p. . 5137:Oppenheimer 5105:Duns Scotus 5061:term of art 4849:Cluny Abbey 4514:Cistercians 4512:except the 4422:Lutheranism 4366:hagiography 4280:Holy Spirit 4272:Duns Scotus 4264:Bonaventure 4260:Scholastics 3963:Other works 3884:Incarnation 3776:De Veritate 3758:De Veritate 3712:Meditations 3692:Proslogion' 3622:Meditations 3618:Holy Spirit 3545:) and then 3489:Monologion' 3457:Monologion' 3397:illuminated 3292:De Veritate 3187:metaphysics 3139:Neoplatonic 3086:Virgin Mary 3078:Reformation 3070:side chapel 3001:He died on 2946:Stephen Cox 2932:Final years 2875:concubinage 2799:, from the 2783:, in France 2671:Count Roger 2637:Meeting of 2634: 1640 2618:First exile 2319:consecrated 2292:investiture 1912:Malebranche 1772:Roscellinus 1717:Grosseteste 1677:Bonaventure 1497:Athenagoras 1293:Metaphysics 1253:Personalism 1248:Natural law 1243:Probabilism 1129:Westminster 1058:A cross at 1005:. When the 931:Early years 871:Benedictine 711:Carolingian 659:and of the 563:philosopher 531:, Italian: 434:Metaphysics 271:Lutheranism 128:Predecessor 96:Archdiocese 18990:Categories 18689:J L Mackie 18647:Karl Barth 18444:David Hume 18366:Maimonides 18351:Heraclitus 18140:Polytheism 18110:Nondualism 18098:Humanistic 18083:Naturalism 18073:Monotheism 18031:Henotheism 18026:Gnosticism 17957:Demonology 17840:747 gambit 17757:Experience 17595:Misotheism 17390:al-Qazwini 17365:Ibn Sab'in 17344:Ibn Tufayl 17298:al-Kirmani 17184:Gersonides 17174:Maimonides 16714:Cosmo Lang 16669:John Moore 16386:John Blund 15926:Kurt Gödel 15850:Henry More 15652:Simplicius 15471:Iamblichus 15235:Arcesilaus 15195:Xenocrates 15175:Speusippus 15151:Heraclides 15077:Platonists 14609:Zephyrinus 14569:Stephen IV 14554:Sixtus III 14534:Simplicius 14479:Nicholas I 14404:John XXIII 14394:Innocent I 14364:Gregory II 14354:Gelasius I 14259:Boniface I 14219:Agapetus I 14214:Adrian III 14185:Matriarchs 14126:Patriarchs 13745:Zephyrinus 13118:Confessors 13086:Archangels 12978:Assumption 12929:Stages of 12838:Empiricism 12660:Evil demon 12434:Chesterton 12311:Nominalism 12298:Universals 12139:Just price 12038:Scott Hahn 11415:Johann Eck 11067:Iconoclasm 10999:Pope Leo I 10859:Tertullian 10652:1093–1109 10627:1078–1093 10548:; and the 10542:Wikisource 10536:(in Latin) 10434:Proslogion 10421:Monologion 9899:(1): 28–35 9766:Proslogion 9751:0300051328 9698:Proslogion 9278:B0727L3NVQ 9246:B00DULQV7C 9014:Proslogion 8839:References 8689:, p. 8593:Doe (2000) 8555:, p. 8488:, p. 8460:, p. 8364:, p. 8348:, p. 8162:Proslogion 8047:Proslogion 8027:Proslogion 7972:Proslogion 7889:, p. 7789:Monologion 7735:, p. 7719:, p. 7688:, p. 7672:, p. 7637:, p. 7616:, p. 7474:, p. 7441:, p. 7422:, p. 7391:, p. 7366:, p. 7364:HMC (1901) 7332:, p. 7330:HMC (1901) 7318:John Lynch 7299:, p. 7297:HMC (1901) 7285:John Lynch 7266:, p. 7264:HMC (1901) 7212:, p. 7210:HMC (1901) 7177:, p. 7161:, p. 7136:Waymarking 7056:, p. 6983:, p. 6940:, p. 6901:, p. 6769:, p. 6661:, p. 6604:, p. 6547:, p. 6483:, p. 6461:, p. 6373:, p. 6295:, p. 6054:, p. 6038:, p. 5995:, p. 5873:, p. 5592:, p. 5573:, p. 5557:, p. 5541:, p. 5522:, p. 5407:, p. 5328:, p. 5312:, p. 5057:meditation 5050:meditandus 4731:Proslogion 4686:Proslogion 4573:remembered 4571:Anselm is 4341:Veneration 4167:homosexual 4062:Monologion 3997:universals 3946:theology. 3944:Protestant 3929:fallen man 3829:incommodum 3785:rightly". 3742:syllogisms 3688:Proslogion 3640:Proslogion 3584:following 3557:Monologion 3533:Proslogium 3524:Proslogion 3513:Proslogion 3506:Proslogion 3485:Proslogion 3423:Monologium 3415:Monologion 3408:Monologion 3401:Monologion 3283:Proslogion 3274:Monologion 3227:believe" ( 3219:Proslogion 3037:ambassador 3007:translated 2863:Michaelmas 2836:Portsmouth 2769:medallions 2547:Rockingham 2460:ambulatory 2419:following 2367:consecrate 2254:last rites 2250:confession 2092:Hildebrand 2032:Chesterton 1897:La Mennais 1827:Bellarmine 1822:Azpilcueta 1767:Paschasius 1647:Autrecourt 1602:Tertullian 1562:Chrysostom 1502:Athanasius 1384:Victorines 1315:Nominalism 1223:Just price 1064:Canterbury 1050:In England 1036:universals 1007:nominalist 1001:, and the 986:Proslogion 980:Monologion 915:Grammarian 825:Early life 811:translated 738:new county 595:papal bull 567:theologian 359:Proslogion 319:Attributes 238:Occupation 233:Ermenberge 208:Canterbury 120:Term ended 107:Canterbury 99:Canterbury 18956:Biography 18789:Loyal Rue 18514:Karl Marx 18336:Gaudapada 18165:Shamanism 18130:Pantheism 18115:Nontheism 18093:Religious 18078:Mysticism 18051:Christian 18041:Religious 17992:Atheistic 17987:Christian 17870:Nonbelief 17855:Free will 17671:Mormonism 17495:Afterlife 17439:See also 17385:Ibn Arabi 17293:al-Biruni 17283:Miskawayh 17228:al-Nazzam 16814:Christian 16522:John Kemp 16247:Æthelnoth 16212:Byrhthelm 16172:Feologild 16162:Æthelhard 16152:Bregowine 16132:Berhtwald 16115:Deusdedit 16090:Augustine 15838:Cambridge 15706:Al-Farabi 15647:Damascius 15637:Zenodotus 15587:Hierocles 15556:Macrobius 15551:Augustine 15536:Antoninus 15486:Sosipatra 15431:Calcidius 15341:Antiochus 15295:Charmadas 15275:Carneades 15259:Hegesinus 15112:Aristotle 15092:Academics 14865:Genevieve 14772:Zephaniah 14579:Symmachus 14564:Stephen I 14549:Sixtus II 14529:Silverius 14524:Sergius I 14484:Paschal I 14474:Miltiades 14384:Hormisdas 14359:Gregory I 14344:Felix III 14329:Evaristus 14324:Eutychian 14309:Eleuterus 14304:Dionysius 14299:Damasus I 14294:Cornelius 14289:Clement I 14234:Anacletus 13978:Philomena 13625:Dionysius 13600:Damasus I 13545:Anatolius 13231:Disciples 13166:Homobonus 13126:Anatolius 12939:Venerable 12803:Platonism 12777:Univocity 12675:Haecceity 12554:Ratzinger 12519:Montaigne 12499:MacIntyre 12454:Dionysius 12449:Descartes 12409:Augustine 12263:Salamanca 11942:Hans Küng 11731:Léon Bloy 11721:Modernism 11574:Jansenism 11260:Mysticism 10854:Montanism 10661:(in 1114) 10235:Cambridge 10210:Cambridge 9994:263296875 9958:162469275 9764:"Anselm: 9126:Cambridge 8993:Princeton 5180:Citations 5121:Plantinga 5109:Descartes 4937:Calcidius 4518:Trappists 4410:feast day 4384:Anselm's 4364:Anselm's 4352:south of 4288:free will 4284:atonement 4099:Epistolae 4059:from the 3985:tritheist 3967:Anselm's 3793:free will 3750:Aristotle 3738:paradoxes 3730:Anselm's 3719:dialogues 3702:Dialogues 3668:Responsio 3633:Responsio 3179:semantics 3126:Christian 3122:mysticism 3034:Sardinian 2813:canon law 2708:vestments 2696:Eucharist 2627:Romanelli 2494:canon law 2456:transepts 2304:enthroned 2112:MacIntyre 2072:Gutiérrez 2042:Copleston 2012:Balthasar 1867:Descartes 1727:Hildegard 1712:Gregory I 1687:Catherine 1637:Alexander 1587:Dionysius 1507:Augustine 1460:Salamanca 1334:Haecceity 1238:Casuistry 1060:Bec Abbey 1018:tritheism 999:free will 991:dialogues 940:Bec Abbey 898:Maurilius 882:Avranches 865:was then 794:Arduinici 671:Biography 665:atonement 601:in 1720. 587:feast day 579:canonized 551:monastery 545:(French: 527:(French: 337:His books 298:Canonized 282:Confessor 251:Feast day 246:Sainthood 138:Successor 112:Appointed 18911:Category 18856:Religion 18846:Exegesis 18331:Boethius 18326:Averroes 18321:Avicenna 18303:medieval 18273:Theodicy 18120:Pandeism 18036:Humanism 18004:Thealogy 17947:Dharmism 17917:Acosmism 17909:Theology 17777:Morality 17772:Miracles 17651:Hinduism 17641:Buddhism 17600:Pandeism 17575:Demiurge 17543:Theodicy 17319:Ibn Hazm 17273:Al-Amiri 17142:Medieval 17049:Durandus 16916:Roscelin 16841:Boethius 16397:Boniface 16341:Reginald 16281:Lanfranc 16222:Æthelgar 16197:Wulfhelm 16187:Plegmund 16182:Æthelred 16177:Ceolnoth 16157:Jænberht 16147:Cuthbert 16142:Nothhelm 16110:Honorius 16100:Mellitus 16095:Laurence 16082:Conquest 15909:Analytic 15694:Medieval 15657:Priscian 15592:Syrianus 15561:Boethius 15516:Salutius 15496:Dexippus 15491:Aedesius 15466:Porphyry 15454:Students 15449:Plotinus 15411:Longinus 15386:Apuleius 15376:Alcinous 15356:Plutarch 15250:Telecles 15220:Skeptics 15132:Coriscus 14949:See also 14850:Euphemia 14687:Jeremiah 14667:Habakkuk 14624:Prophets 14599:Vitalian 14594:Victor I 14544:Sixtus I 14539:Siricius 14469:Martin I 14449:Lucius I 14414:Julius I 14379:Hilarius 14349:Felix IV 14319:Eusebius 14314:Eugene I 14244:Anicetus 14116:Remigius 14071:Boniface 13477:Irenaeus 13259:Silvanus 13206:Salonius 13051:Matthias 13016:Barnabas 13003:Apostles 12765:Irenaean 12755:Theodicy 12725:Quiddity 12588:Concepts 12514:Maritain 12484:Krasicki 12474:Gassendi 12464:Eriugena 12419:Boethius 12394:Anscombe 12384:Albertus 12278:Molinism 12245:Occamism 12217:Medieval 12144:Just war 11474:Molinism 11052:Ecthesis 11004:Boethius 10909:Arianism 10899:Eusebius 10849:Irenaeus 10813:Polycarp 10727:Timeline 10641:Lanfranc 10571:LibriVox 10531:and the 10529:Vicifons 10386:(1852), 10335:(1845), 10229:(1963), 10202:(1990), 10170:: 1–87, 10003:(1912), 9908:(2011), 9884:(2007), 9864:(1991), 9762:(2005), 9740:(1989). 9663:(1911), 9601:23 April 9562:"Doctor" 9476:"Anselm" 9343:(1907), 9288:(1961), 9256:(1960). 9216:(1959). 8987:(1958), 8946:(1980), 8930:Boniface 8896:Berkeley 8890:(1983), 8815:27 March 5170:Marenbon 5166:Southern 4916:Southern 4814:See also 4668:Argument 4600:(1675), 4585:21 April 4579:and the 4516:and the 4320:Southern 4303:Fröhlich 4282:and the 4175:Southern 4155:celibacy 4116:Naumberg 4104:Southern 4057:eternity 3981:Lanfranc 3900:the Fall 3834:the Fall 3823:commodum 3817:justicia 3746:Boethius 3580:for the 3243:Roscelin 3155:Boethius 3134:rational 3130:revealed 3092:Writings 3068:, whose 3057:his dean 2960:and the 2781:Brittany 2687:Filioque 2669:in May. 2608:Gruffudd 2543:Temporal 2530:'s 1915 2477:Normandy 2397:and the 2242:Alveston 2127:Maritain 2102:Lonergan 2082:Guardini 2007:Anscombe 1982:Caramuel 1892:Krasicki 1887:Kołłątaj 1842:Brentano 1702:Eriugena 1667:Berengar 1615:Medieval 1567:Climacus 1547:Irenaeus 1517:Boethius 1512:Benedict 1455:Analytic 1423:Occamism 1413:Molinism 1391:Llullism 1320:Quiddity 1228:Just war 1156:a series 1154:Part of 1076:primates 1072:Theobald 1068:Lanfranc 1022:Soissons 1014:Lanfranc 1010:Roscelin 944:Normandy 878:Normandy 859:Lanfranc 851:Burgundy 754:Adelaide 655:for the 535:) after 438:theology 311:by 280:Bishop, 254:21 April 231:Gundulph 132:Lanfranc 18980:England 18930:Portals 18882:more... 18615:postwar 18298:Ancient 18186:more... 18105:New Age 18046:Secular 18016:Fideism 17967:Dualism 17937:Atheism 17927:Animism 17833:Against 17676:Sikhism 17666:Judaism 17661:Jainism 17570:Brahman 17523:Miracle 17208:Islamic 16999:Vitello 16957:century 16955:13–14th 16877:century 16875:11–12th 16765:Italics 16262:Stigand 16252:Eadsige 16237:Ælfheah 16227:Sigeric 16217:Dunstan 16207:Ælfsige 16167:Wulfred 16137:Tatwine 16121:Wighard 15795:Plethon 15731:Thierry 15726:Gilbert 15721:Bernard 15642:Agapius 15617:Isidore 15612:Marinus 15607:Proclus 15602:Aedesia 15597:Hermias 15570:Academy 15541:Hypatia 15476:Sopater 15461:Amelius 15391:Atticus 15371:Albinus 15254:Evander 15245:Lacydes 15205:Polemon 15200:Crantor 15117:Eudoxus 15084:Ancient 14910:Rosalia 14835:Cecilia 14782:Virgins 14742:Obadiah 14717:Malachi 14662:Ezekiel 14614:Zosimus 14604:Zachary 14589:Urban I 14519:Pontian 14494:Paul VI 14429:Leo III 14389:Hyginus 14339:Felix I 14249:Anterus 14179:Solomon 14144:Abraham 13988:Stephen 13755:Martyrs 13522:Fathers 13495:Matthew 13302:Ambrose 13269:Timothy 13264:Stephen 13239:Apollos 13146:Dominic 13108:Raphael 13101: 13099:Michael 13094:Gabriel 13046:Matthew 12943:Blessed 12791:Related 12579:Wojtyła 12559:Scheler 12504:Maistre 12494:Lombard 12479:Isidore 12459:Erasmus 12439:Clement 12404:Aquinas 12374:Abelard 12240:Scotism 12235:Thomism 12209:Schools 11395:Erasmus 11245:Thomism 10984:Orosius 10959:Ambrose 10874:Cyprian 10802:Didache 10756:Vulgate 10715:General 10617:Herluin 10498:30 June 10321:(ed.). 10128:30 June 10013:3 March 9950:3164967 9518:Henry I 9448:(ed.). 9401:Fulcrum 9266:Louvain 9001:2179163 8932:(747), 8790:5 April 8765:30 June 8740:29 June 8522:Rambler 8297:, §4.3. 8262:, §4.2. 8212:, §4.1. 8013:, §3.2. 7998:, §3.1. 7923:, §2.3. 7847:, §2.2. 7810:, §2.1. 7655:Letters 7476:169–170 7368:230–231 7334:229–230 7214:227–228 7157:Rambler 7142:30 June 7117:30 June 7052:Rambler 6979:Rambler 6897:Rambler 6479:Rambler 6369:Rambler 6056:191–192 6040:189–190 6010:Rambler 5976:Rambler 5931:Rambler 5869:Rambler 5823:Rambler 5808:Rambler 5793:Rambler 5681:Rambler 5666:Rambler 5219:16 July 5125:Malcolm 5113:Leibniz 5029:and by 4946:Timaeus 4575:in the 4504:of the 4486:Baldwin 4449:of the 4396:at the 4335:crozier 4331:pallium 4307:Schmitt 4163:Boswell 4159:McGuire 4120:Germany 4108:Waltram 3940:Abelard 3801:do good 3644:Gaunilo 3159:Abelard 2975:Paschal 2917:L'Aigle 2855:Matilda 2809:crozier 2743:Schiavi 2729:at the 2694:in the 2680:At the 2675:Saracen 2612:Gwynedd 2600:Cadwgan 2526:" from 2520:Pallium 2489:annates 2464:chapels 2392:wayward 2347:deposed 2323:pallium 2263:Te Deum 2258:crozier 2137:Mounier 2132:McLuhan 2087:Haldane 2027:Blondel 1977:Vitoria 1952:Rosmini 1927:Mercado 1922:Meinong 1917:Mariana 1907:Maistre 1902:Liguori 1882:Gracián 1877:Fénelon 1872:Erasmus 1852:Cajetan 1837:Bossuet 1812:Arnauld 1792:Thierry 1747:Lombard 1737:Isidore 1697:Eckhart 1682:Buridan 1672:Bernard 1652:Aquinas 1622:Abelard 1582:Maximus 1557:Cassian 1527:Cyprian 1522:Clement 1492:Ambrose 1485:Ancient 1450:Thomism 1445:Scotism 1373:Schools 1324:essence 1305:Realism 1193:Aquinas 1096:Channel 1092:England 1080:England 964:Herluin 869:of the 813:to the 790:Lombard 774:dynasty 622:primacy 569:of the 333:crozier 329:pallium 228:Parents 212:England 183:c. 1033 18944:Saints 18901:Portal 18175:Theism 18068:Monism 17802:Reason 17752:Desire 17747:Degree 17715:Beauty 17629:God in 17585:Egoism 17538:Spirit 17134:Jewish 16866:Alcuin 16286:Anselm 16242:Lyfing 16192:Athelm 16105:Justus 15770:Modern 15711:Anselm 15632:Hegias 15511:Julian 15421:Origen 15310:Cicero 15228:Middle 14757:Simeon 14747:Samuel 14682:Isaiah 14672:Haggai 14657:Elijah 14632:Agabus 14514:Pius X 14509:Pius V 14504:Pius I 14489:Paul I 14439:Leo IX 14434:Leo IV 14424:Leo II 14399:John I 14334:Fabian 14224:Agatho 14159:Joseph 13520:Church 13312:Jerome 13076:Thomas 13066:Philip 13011:Andrew 12782:Utopia 12574:Suárez 12564:Scotus 12549:Rahner 12539:Pascal 12529:Newman 12469:Ficino 12399:Anselm 12389:Alcuin 12255:Modern 12121:Ethics 11087:Alcuin 10969:Jerome 10864:Origen 10544:; the 10470: 10407: 10348:Anselm 10216: 10105: 10082: 10034: 9992: 9974: 9956: 9948: 9841: 9818: 9780: 9748: 9727: 9707: 9650: 9558: 9544: 9524: 9488: 9385: 9353: 9276: 9244: 9203: 9185: 9167: 9132: 9110: 9060: 8999: 8958: 8902: 8524:(1853) 8504:, §14. 8476:, §13. 8446:Sadler 8428:, §12. 8295:(2007) 8277:, §11. 8260:(2007) 8242:Sadler 8210:(2007) 8166:Sadler 8051:Sadler 8031:Sadler 8011:(2007) 7996:(2007) 7976:Sadler 7921:(2007) 7845:(2007) 7808:(2007) 7793:Sadler 7773:(1878) 7530:(2007) 7159:(1853) 7058:497–98 7054:(1853) 6985:496–97 6981:(1853) 6903:489–91 6899:(1853) 6707:(1878) 6481:(1853) 6371:(1853) 6224:(1878) 6012:(1853) 5978:(1853) 5933:(1853) 5871:(1853) 5825:(1853) 5810:(1853) 5795:(1853) 5756:(2007) 5683:(1853) 5668:(1853) 5473:(1878) 5154:Psalms 5123:, and 5092:McEvoy 4855:, and 4688:, the 4566:prayer 4478:Marian 4426:relics 4408:. His 4316:Eadmer 4311:Vaughn 4274:, and 4254:, and 4244:Eadmer 4235:, and 4199:Eadmer 4181:Legacy 4112:bishop 3917:Origen 3805:angels 3696:single 3610:triune 3474:having 3447:Gibson 3207:John 7 3183:ethics 3165:, and 3074:shrine 3045:relics 3032:, the 2883:simony 2879:sodomy 2663:Eadmer 2583:Eadmer 2564:legate 2560:Gerard 2532:Anselm 2440:Conrad 2436:Ernulf 2425:Conrad 2421:Ernulf 2379:reform 2300:homage 2272:Durham 2246:sinful 2157:Taylor 2147:Rahner 2142:Pieper 2122:Marion 2117:Marcel 2077:Dávila 2067:Girard 2062:Gilson 2047:Finnis 2037:Congar 2017:Barron 1967:Suárez 1947:Pascal 1942:Newman 1932:Molina 1862:Cortés 1847:Botero 1832:Bonald 1805:Modern 1787:Symeon 1777:Scotus 1762:Oresme 1757:Ockham 1752:Martin 1642:Anselm 1632:Alcuin 1627:Albert 1592:Origen 1577:Justin 1552:Jerome 1328:nature 1211:Ethics 1201:Ockham 1199:, and 1197:Scotus 1184: 1176: 906:novice 900:, the 890:hermit 855:France 819:valley 772:whose 760:under 696:around 690:Family 585:; his 565:, and 409:School 386:Region 331:, and 218:Buried 158:Orders 86:Church 51:Anselm 18170:Taoic 17952:Deism 17735:Kalam 17686:Wicca 17656:Islam 17505:Faith 17216:Early 16822:Early 15366:Gaius 15107:Plato 14737:Nahum 14732:Moses 14727:Micah 14707:Jonah 14677:Hosea 14652:David 14559:Soter 14499:Peter 14444:Linus 14419:Leo I 14269:Caius 14196:Popes 14169:David 14154:Jacob 14149:Isaac 13565:Caius 13274:Titus 13071:Simon 13061:Peter 12947:Saint 12610:Aevum 12569:Stein 12534:Occam 12489:Llull 12414:Bacon 12379:Adler 12335:Other 10317:. In 10183:(PDF) 10160:(PDF) 10147:2 May 10052:(PDF) 9954:S2CID 9946:JSTOR 9913:(PDF) 9889:(PDF) 9869:(PDF) 9595:(PDF) 9580:(PDF) 9444:. In 9426:(PDF) 9297:(PDF) 9270:Paris 9230:Paris 9054:(PDF) 9016:with 8691:12–14 8312:, §7. 8224:, §9. 8192:, §8. 8106:, §5. 7958:, §4. 7874:, §6. 7737:21–22 7601:, §3. 7564:, §2. 7462:, §2. 6640:252–3 6341:45–47 6313:17–18 5758:, §1. 5716:, §1. 5141:Zalta 5117:Gödel 5044:Latin 5023:Stoic 5019:Logan 4999:Latin 4959:Latin 4941:Plato 4893:Notes 4743:[ 4646:] 4642:[ 4609:] 4605:[ 4556:, an 4354:Aosta 4171:Olsen 3925:Satan 3913:Jesus 3896:atone 3679:Klima 3614:Jesus 3529:Latin 3419:Latin 3175:logic 3062:Peter 3053:Aosta 3017:(now 2950:Aosta 2948:from 2912:Adela 2844:marks 2793:Henry 2771:in a 2604:Powys 2592:Welsh 2452:crypt 2448:choir 2152:Stein 2107:Lubac 2057:Geach 2002:Adler 1957:Sales 1817:Ávila 1782:Siger 1742:Llull 1707:Giles 1657:Bacon 1532:Cyril 1125:abbot 995:truth 975:Italy 910:Latin 894:Cluny 867:prior 863:Pavia 782:Italy 699:Aosta 683:Aosta 630:Wales 593:by a 583:saint 581:as a 559:abbot 325:mitre 187:Aosta 46:Saint 18732:2010 18730:1990 18728:1970 18613:1920 18535:1900 18533:1880 18470:1850 18468:1800 17860:Hell 17850:Evil 17767:Love 17533:Soul 17358:Late 17307:High 17068:Late 16080:Pre- 15252:and 15153:and 15134:and 14697:Joel 14642:Anna 14637:Amos 14464:Mark 14174:Noah 14139:Abel 14134:Adam 13510:John 13505:Luke 13500:Mark 13056:Paul 13041:Jude 13036:John 12544:Pico 12524:More 12444:Cusa 11057:Bede 10786:Paul 10500:2015 10468:ISBN 10214:ISBN 10149:2015 10130:2015 10103:ISBN 10080:ISBN 10032:ISBN 10015:2021 9990:OCLC 9972:ISBN 9839:ISBN 9816:ISBN 9778:ISBN 9746:ISBN 9725:ISBN 9705:ISBN 9648:ISBN 9646:, , 9633:link 9603:2009 9542:ISBN 9522:ISBN 9486:ISBN 9383:ISBN 9351:ISBN 9274:ASIN 9242:ASIN 9201:ISBN 9183:ISBN 9165:ISBN 9130:ISBN 9108:ISBN 9058:ISBN 8997:OCLC 8956:ISBN 8900:ISBN 8817:2021 8792:2016 8767:2015 8742:2015 7144:2015 7119:2015 5297:2018 5221:2019 5139:and 5131:and 4829:and 4716:The 4625:CLIX 4536:and 4443:Rome 4333:and 4305:and 4290:and 4173:and 4161:and 4142:Caen 4027:Adam 4015:Mary 3995:and 3919:and 3869:and 3586:Kant 3521:The 3515:and 3413:The 3395:The 3224:must 3214:2007 3145:and 3108:and 3066:Paul 3064:and 3049:duke 2996:soul 2987:York 2881:and 2807:and 2805:ring 2753:Lyon 2651:Lyon 2606:and 2573:The 2558:and 2541:and 2423:and 2395:York 2361:and 2345:had 2341:and 2331:Rome 2327:pope 2274:and 1972:Vico 1962:Soto 1937:More 1732:Hugh 1692:Cusa 1662:Bede 1597:Paul 1034:and 983:and 959:Caen 853:and 847:Alps 780:and 746:Otto 724:and 612:and 539:and 323:His 304:Rome 202:Died 176:Born 115:1093 18300:and 17708:For 17509:or 16202:Oda 15268:New 15100:Old 14692:Job 10569:at 10410:, ( 10172:doi 10064:doi 9938:doi 9307:VII 8366:178 8350:176 8293:SEP 8258:SEP 8208:SEP 8009:SEP 7994:SEP 7919:SEP 7843:SEP 7806:SEP 7618:201 7528:SEP 7424:170 7316:to 7301:227 7283:to 7268:226 7163:498 6771:291 6663:203 6606:279 6485:485 6375:482 5997:189 5875:483 5754:SEP 5594:7–8 5575:4–7 5409:1–4 5330:1–2 5314:2–3 4943:'s 4702:", 4619:as 4583:on 4460:by 4441:in 4392:by 4374:God 4372:of 4118:in 4114:of 4023:sex 4017:'s 3907:'s 3797:sin 3624:or 3567:and 3212:SEP 3201:'s 3116:", 3051:of 3009:to 2925:Bec 2859:nun 2775:in 2733:at 2673:'s 2629:'s 2610:in 2602:in 2522:in 2306:at 2270:of 1438:Neo 1127:of 1090:of 1078:in 1020:at 957:at 942:in 861:of 701:in 663:of 641:Bec 597:of 486:OSB 376:Era 104:See 56:OSB 18992:: 12933:: 11508:to 10887:to 10585:, 10514:, 10491:, 10466:, 10366:, 10233:, 10208:, 10168:19 10166:, 10162:, 10140:, 10119:, 9952:, 9944:, 9934:42 9932:, 9921:89 9919:, 9915:, 9895:, 9891:, 9871:, 9770:, 9684:, 9629:}} 9625:{{ 9586:, 9582:, 9564:. 9478:, 9434:. 9428:, 9399:, 9305:, 9299:, 9264:. 9260:. 9232:: 9220:. 9157:, 9124:, 9102:, 9036:. 8991:, 8972:, 8918:, 8894:, 8865:, 8808:. 8783:. 8758:, 8730:, 8679:^ 8636:^ 8557:19 8543:^ 8509:^ 8490:85 8462:43 8440:, 8302:^ 8282:^ 8267:^ 8249:^ 8236:, 8197:^ 8160:, 8094:^ 8045:, 8025:, 7983:^ 7970:, 7940:^ 7898:^ 7891:74 7879:^ 7852:^ 7830:^ 7815:^ 7787:, 7771:EB 7744:^ 7721:21 7709:^ 7690:86 7674:44 7662:^ 7653:, 7639:85 7625:^ 7606:^ 7569:^ 7560:, 7544:, 7495:^ 7450:^ 7443:14 7431:^ 7412:^ 7341:^ 7250:, 7221:^ 7196:, 7186:^ 7179:46 7134:, 7110:, 7019:^ 7004:^ 6942:74 6922:^ 6826:^ 6705:EB 6670:^ 6647:^ 6628:^ 6613:^ 6592:^ 6549:47 6470:^ 6463:73 6360:^ 6297:38 6261:^ 6246:^ 6231:^ 6222:EB 6213:^ 6194:^ 6179:^ 6152:^ 6087:^ 5985:^ 5955:^ 5940:^ 5882:^ 5856:^ 5721:^ 5702:^ 5613:^ 5582:^ 5531:^ 5524:73 5510:^ 5495:^ 5480:^ 5471:EB 5428:^ 5337:^ 5288:. 5229:^ 5207:. 5119:, 5115:, 5111:, 5107:, 5001:: 4989:). 4961:: 4851:, 4782:.) 4587:. 4548:, 4476:(" 4270:, 4266:, 4250:, 4231:, 4128:) 4110:, 3999:. 3931:. 3752:. 3628:. 3531:: 3501:. 3421:: 3193:. 3185:, 3181:, 3177:, 3161:, 2846:. 2779:, 2755:. 2631:c. 2511:. 2466:. 2337:, 1326:/ 1195:, 1158:on 1123:, 1066:. 1046:. 997:, 784:. 732:, 667:. 561:, 557:, 436:, 327:, 306:, 284:, 210:, 193:, 189:, 18932:: 17473:e 17466:t 17459:v 16887:" 16883:" 16832:" 16828:" 16798:e 16791:t 16784:v 16609:) 16056:e 16049:t 16042:v 15069:e 15062:t 15055:v 12909:e 12902:t 12895:v 12105:e 12098:t 12091:v 11576:) 11572:( 11476:) 11472:( 10691:e 10684:t 10677:v 10601:. 10453:) 10440:) 10427:) 10414:) 10174:: 10066:: 10040:. 9940:: 9897:4 9768:" 9754:. 9635:) 9588:3 9294:" 9280:. 9268:/ 9248:. 9236:/ 9228:/ 9094:. 9066:. 8882:) 8819:. 8794:. 8717:. 8693:. 8662:. 8650:. 8607:. 8571:. 8559:. 8492:. 8464:. 8448:. 8380:. 8368:. 8352:. 8244:. 8168:. 8148:. 8136:. 8089:. 8077:. 8065:. 8053:. 8033:. 7978:. 7935:. 7893:. 7795:. 7739:. 7723:. 7692:. 7676:. 7641:. 7620:. 7532:. 7517:. 7478:. 7445:. 7426:. 7395:. 7393:2 7370:. 7354:. 7336:. 7320:. 7303:. 7287:. 7270:. 7254:. 7238:. 7216:. 7200:. 7181:. 7165:. 7060:. 6987:. 6944:. 6905:. 6886:. 6773:. 6745:. 6665:. 6642:. 6623:. 6608:. 6551:. 6487:. 6465:. 6377:. 6343:. 6315:. 6299:. 6162:. 6058:. 6042:. 5999:. 5908:. 5877:. 5643:. 5596:. 5577:. 5561:. 5559:2 5545:. 5543:1 5526:. 5505:. 5490:. 5411:. 5371:. 5332:. 5316:. 5299:. 5223:. 5143:. 5094:. 5033:. 4530:" 4526:" 4201:( 4122:( 3570:( 3549:( 3539:( 3527:( 3439:( 3429:( 3417:( 2485:£ 2225:e 2218:t 2211:v 1330:) 1322:( 1082:. 805:( 517:/ 514:m 511:l 508:ɛ 505:s 502:n 499:æ 496:ˈ 493:/ 489:( 293:) 289:( 34:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index