38:
503:
The sixth son was Tiras from whom were born our very own
Ashkenaz and Togarmah who named the country that he possessed Thrace after himself, as well as Chittim who brought under his sway the Macedonians. 7. The sons of Tiras were Ashkenaz, from whom descended the Sarmatians, Riphath, whence the
285:'of the land of Asguza,' a name (originally perhaps Asgunza) which the skepticism of Dillmann need not hinder us from identifying with Ashkenaz, and from considering as that of a horde from the north, of Indo-Germanic origin, which settled on the south of Lake Urumiyeh."
690:, for which the Germans have of old been called Scythians too (very justly, for they came mostly from old Scythia) and Germany had several ancient names; for that part next to the Euxin was called Scythia, and the country of the Getes, but the parts east of the
467:, where their rite replaced that of existing Jewish communities whom some scholars believe to have been larger in demographics than the Ashkenazi Jews themselves, and then to all parts of the world with the migrations of Jews who identified as "Ashkenazi Jews".
504:
Sauromatians , and
Togarmah, who according to Jeremiah subjugated the Ashkenazian army and called it the House of Togarmah; for at first Ashkenaz had named our people after himself in accord with the law of seniority, as we shall explain in its proper place.
250:
Set ye up a standard in the land, blow the trumpet among the nations, prepare the nations against her , call together against her the kingdoms of Ararat, Minni, and
Ashchenaz; appoint a captain against her; cause the horses to come up as the rough
592:, there are some villages of the name Askenaz, and from him the Jews call the Germans Askenaz, but in the Saxonic and Italian, they are called Tuiscones, from Tuisco his other name. In the 25th year of his reign, he partitioned the kingdom into
572:
or Tuizo (whom
Aventinus makes the 4th son of Noah, and that he was born after the flood, but without authority) was sent by Noah into Europe, after the flood 131 years, with 20 Captains, and made a settlement near the
795:
Silk Road
Linguistics: The birth of Yiddish and the multiethnic Jewish peoples on the Silk Roads, 9–13th centuries: The indispensable role of the Arabs, Chinese, Germans, Iranians, Slavs and Turks,
491:
I had been thinking of the God-given alphabet of the
Azkanazian nation and of the land of Armenia—when, in what time, and through what kind of man that new divine gift had been bestowed ...
891:
581:(by some called Asken from him) and there founded the kingdom of the Germans and the Sarmatians ... when Askenaz himself was 24 years old, for he lived above 200 years, and reigned 176.
730:
in his
Chronology, p. 201 etc. Askenaz, or Tuisco, after his death, was worshipped as the ambassador and interpreter of the gods, and from thence called the first German
528:", now considered a forgery, claiming that Babylonian records had shown that Noah had more sons than the three sons of his listed in the Bible. Specifically, Tuiscon or
953:, "The World History of the Jewish People. Vol. XI (11): The Dark Ages. Jews in Christian Europe 711-1096 [Second Series: Medieval Period. Vol. Two: The Dark Ages",
559:
reports a significant number of antiquarian or mythographic traditions regarding
Askenaz as the first king of ancient Germany, for example the following entry:
487:, the earliest Armenian historian, calls the Armenians an "Askanazian (i.e., Ashkenazi) nation". He starts the "Life of Mashtots" with these words:
463:, the term Ashkenazi came to refer to both the Jews of medieval Germany and France. Ashkenazi Jewish culture later spread in the 16th century into
359:
In rabbinic literature from the 11th century, Ashkenaz was considered the ruler of a kingdom in the North and of the
Northern and
1072:
905:
805:
356:
How the name of
Ashkenaz came to be associated in the rabbinic literature with the Rhineland is a subject of speculation.
385:, in conformity with the custom of designating areas of Jewish settlement with biblical names, Spain being identified as
830:
17:
325:, and, from the 11th century onwards, with northern Europe and Germany. The region of Ashkenaz was centred on the
1251:
536:
and Germany following the dispersion of peoples, with him being succeeded by his son Mannus as the second king.
988:
455:(Ashkenazi language) to describe the German language, and Byzantium and Syrian Jewish letters referred to the
1236:
1010:
459:
as Ashkenazim. Given the close links between the Jewish communities of France and Germany following the
1065:
1006:
548:
496:
551:
in the early 18th century that this Tuiscon was in fact none other than the biblical Ashkenaz, son of
1246:
298:
31:
790:
727:
664:
850:
778:
Berossus and Genesis, Manetho and Exodus: Hellenistic Histories and the Date of the Pentateuch
776:
1058:
921:
896:
865:
740:
600:, and Governments, and brought colonies from diverse parts to increase it. He built the city
257:
185:
936:
114:
8:
1163:
1081:
797:
731:
330:
314:
98:
350:
301:, writing around the turn of the millennium, identified Ashkenaz as the ancestor of the
954:
565:
540:
460:
1136:
1126:
1106:
901:
883:
826:
801:
129:
102:
1050:
1241:
1121:
1098:
966:
521:
426:
360:
94:
544:
1085:
1032:
992:
525:
294:
64:
660:
464:
444:
378:
372:
334:
176:
1015:(1732) p. 441 (Table 213); also p.442 "The Most Ancient Kings of the Germans".
900:. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference. pp. 569–571.
400:
390:
231:
216:
1230:
1190:
1111:
672:
414:
381:
period, the Jews of Central and Eastern Europe came to be called by the name
322:
261:, "Ashkenaz must have been one of the migratory peoples which in the time of
212:
200:
106:
49:
1012:
Royal Genealogies, Or the Genealogical Tables of Emperors, Kings and Princes
710:; for old Germany comprehended the greater part of Europe; and those called
1148:
1028:
887:
346:
196:
162:
82:
78:
547:) managed to furnish numerous further details, including the assertion by
938:
Reconstructing Ashkenaz: The Human Face of Franco-German Jewry, 1000–1250
597:
431:
971:, Yerevan, 1981. Translated from Old Armenian (Grabar) by Bedros Norehad
686:
Askenaz had a brother called Scytha (say the Germans) the father of the
611:
The 20 captains or dukes that came with Askenaz are: Sarmata, from whom
282:
1116:
950:
671:; Adulas, Dietas, Ibalus – people that of old dwelt between the rivers
593:
274:
266:
262:
145:
867:
Rabbis and Revolution: The Jews of Moravia in the Age of Emancipation
694:
or Weyssel were called Sarmatia Europaea, and westward it was called
687:
608:
later imitated, for the Greek and High Dutch are alike in many words.
480:
436:
326:
278:
239:
140:
981:
532:
is given as the fourth son of Noah, who had been the first ruler of
1177:
699:
656:
640:
636:
624:
612:
601:
476:
456:
208:
90:
743:
again equated Ashkenaz with the Germans, deriving the name of the
1210:
1173:
1153:
1140:
719:
703:
691:
648:
632:
533:
404:
395:
342:
318:
302:
270:
243:
224:
204:
122:
118:
110:
45:
37:
723:
707:
695:
680:
668:
605:
589:
585:
578:
574:
569:
529:
484:
440:
409:
338:
235:
1215:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1185:
1045:
The Geographical and Topographical Texts of the Old Testament
823:
Yiddish Civilization: The Rise and Fall of a Forgotten Nation
766:
Kraus. S, 1932, Hashemot 'ashkenaz usefarad, Tarbiz 3:423-435
744:
711:
676:
644:
628:
620:
616:
552:
448:
418:
273:. One branch of this great migration appears to have reached
101:, the descendants of Ashkenaz were first associated with the
86:
604:, made a body of laws in verse, and invented letters, which
1158:
1094:
816:
814:
715:
652:
220:
451:, the most important Jewish communities arose. Rashi uses
153:) from the Armenian highland of the Upper Euphrates area.
714:
were all old Germans; who by ancient authors were called
345:. Its geographic extent did not coincide with the German
48:
in this 1854 map of "The World as known to the Hebrews" (
811:
615:; Dacus or Danus – Dania or Denmark; Geta from whom the
317:, the kingdom of Ashkenaz was first associated with the
281:, who lived to the SW of that lake, sought the help of
234:, a kingdom of Ashkenaz was to be called together with
1080:
277:; for in the revolt which Esar-haddon chastised, the
781:, T & T Clark, Edinburgh, 2006 pp.148, 149 n.57.
512:
is a male given name still used today by Armenians.
190:
54:
Historical Textbook and Atlas of Biblical Geography
1228:
882:
1066:
479:, was considered among the ancestors of the
475:In Armenian tradition, Ashkenaz, along with
349:principalities of the time, and it included
166:
1002:
1000:
845:
843:
739:In the 19th century, the German theologian
109:, and, from the 11th century onwards, with
1073:
1059:
878:
876:
341:), in what is now the westernmost part of
941:, Stanford University Press, 2008, p. ix.
820:
515:
495:Later Armenian authors concur with this.
997:
840:
36:
873:
722:, which is confirmed by the historians
265:, burst upon the northern provinces of
14:
1229:
929:
926:Princeton University Press 2010 p. 96.
769:
1054:
870:Stanford University Press,2010 p. 15.
825:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
470:
288:
762:
760:
219:), with Gomer being the grandson of
417:period, Talmudic commentators like
308:
167:
68:
24:
25:
1263:
1035:) (1850) by August Wilhelm Knobel
757:
366:
623:; Tibiscus, people on the river
568:Tuisco the Giant, and by others
1018:
975:
960:
944:
734:, from Tuitseben to interpret.
564:Askenaz, or Askanes, called by
156:
85:. Ashkenaz is the first son of
914:
858:
784:
524:published fragments known as "
377:Sometime in the post Biblical
13:
1:
750:
555:. James Anderson's 1732 tome
982:Hovhannes Draskhanakerttsi,
855:, Hachette 2011 p. 173 n. 9.
435:, where, especially in the
113:and northern Europe, or the
7:
1025:Die Völkertafel der Genesis
923:A Short History of the Jews
577:, on the West coast of the
508:Because of this tradition,
191:
128:His name is related to the
10:
1268:
497:Hovhannes Draskhanakerttsi
370:
199:. He was the first son of
161:In the genealogies of the
29:
1172:
1135:
1093:
957:Press, 1966. Pp. 302-303.
299:David ben Abraham al-Fāsi
180:
117:, in a manner similar to
69:
32:Ashkenaz (disambiguation)
837:, Chapter 3, footnote 9.
821:Kriwaczek, Paul (2005).
539:Later historians (e.g.,
499:(10th century) writes:
461:Carolingian unification
423:Ashkenaz/Eretz Ashkenaz
1252:Book of Genesis people
991:June 22, 2012, at the
737:
726:and Aventinus, and by
631:; Phrygus or Brigus –
619:; Gotha from whom the
520:In 1498, a monk named
516:German royal genealogy
506:
493:
321:, then later with the
253:
105:, then later with the
57:
1047:, Leiden, 1959, § 28.
897:Encyclopaedia Judaica
741:August Wilhelm Knobel
561:
501:
489:
258:Encyclopaedia Biblica
248:
40:
1237:Hebrew Bible nations
1029:The Table of Nations
969:The Life of Mashtots
852:Yiddish Civilisation
775:Russell E. Gmirkin,
679:; Epirus, from whom
651:; Zavus – the river
647:; Albanus from whom
165:, Ashkenaz (Hebrew:
115:Indo-European people
30:For other uses, see
1082:Descendants of Noah
798:Harrassowitz Verlag
659:; Salon – the town
584:In the vocables of
429:, earlier known as
315:rabbinic literature
99:rabbinic literature
83:descendants of Noah
984:History of Armenia
955:Rutgers University
884:Berenbaum, Michael
541:Johannes Aventinus
471:Armenian tradition
323:Slavic territories
289:Medieval reception
197:descendant of Noah
107:Slavic territories
58:
1224:
1223:
1031:from the Book of
920:Michael Brenner,
907:978-0-02-866097-4
806:978-3-447-11573-5
557:Royal genealogies
255:According to the
189:
143:who expelled the
103:Scythian cultures
93:patriarch in the
16:(Redirected from
1259:
1247:Noach (parashah)
1075:
1068:
1061:
1052:
1051:
1036:
1022:
1016:
1004:
995:
979:
973:
964:
958:
948:
942:
933:
927:
918:
912:
911:
880:
871:
864:Michael Miller,
862:
856:
849:Paul Kriwaczek,
847:
838:
836:
818:
809:
788:
782:
773:
767:
764:
522:Annio da Viterbo
309:Rabbinic Judaism
217:1 Chronicles 1:6
194:
184:
182:
170:
169:
137:Aškuzai, Iškuzai
95:Table of Nations
73:
71:
21:
18:Ashkenaz (Bible)
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1089:
1079:
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1005:
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993:Wayback Machine
986:, Chapter I 6-7
980:
976:
965:
961:
949:
945:
935:David Malkiel,
934:
930:
919:
915:
908:
890:, eds. (2007).
881:
874:
863:
859:
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841:
833:
819:
812:
789:
785:
774:
770:
765:
758:
753:
747:from Ashkenaz.
736:
685:
684:
663:, Azalus – the
610:
609:
583:
582:
526:Pseudo-Berossus
518:
473:
453:leshon Ashkenaz
439:communities of
375:
369:
363:. (See below.)
361:Germanic people
351:northern France
319:Scythian region
311:
291:
246:, which reads:
203:and brother of
159:
35:
28:
27:Biblical figure
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1265:
1255:
1254:
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1055:
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1038:
1037:
1017:
1007:James Anderson
996:
974:
959:
943:
928:
913:
906:
872:
857:
839:
831:
810:
783:
768:
755:
754:
752:
749:
645:Jadera Colonia
562:
549:James Anderson
517:
514:
472:
469:
465:Eastern Europe
410:Land of Canaan
379:early medieval
373:Ashkenazi Jews
371:Main article:
368:
367:Ashkenazi Jews
365:
310:
307:
290:
287:
232:Jeremiah 51:27
158:
155:
81:is one of the
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1264:
1253:
1250:
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1245:
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903:
899:
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893:
889:
888:Skolnik, Fred
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877:
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861:
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834:
832:0-297-82941-6
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545:Johann Hübner
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531:
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450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
433:
428:
425:to designate
424:
421:began to use
420:
416:
415:high medieval
412:
411:
406:
402:
398:
397:
393:), France as
392:
388:
384:
380:
374:
364:
362:
357:
354:
352:
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336:
332:
328:
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296:
286:
284:
280:
276:
275:Lake Urumiyeh
272:
268:
264:
260:
259:
252:
251:caterpillars.
247:
245:
241:
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233:
228:
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50:Lyman Coleman
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43:
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19:
1044:
1024:
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946:
937:
931:
922:
916:
895:
866:
860:
851:
822:
794:
786:
777:
771:
738:
718:, Gauls and
639:; Dalmata –
563:
556:
538:
519:
509:
507:
502:
494:
490:
474:
452:
430:
422:
408:
401:1 Kings 17:9
394:
391:Obadiah 1:20
386:
382:
376:
358:
355:
312:
297:philologist
292:
256:
254:
249:
229:
213:Genesis 10:3
172:
163:Hebrew Bible
160:
157:Hebrew Bible
150:
144:
136:
132:
127:
79:Hebrew Bible
74:
60:
59:
53:
44:is shown in
41:
1043:J. Simons:
791:Paul Wexler
698:, Celtica,
667:; Hister –
655:; Pannus –
635:; Thynus –
598:Tetrarchies
269:, and upon
263:Esar-haddon
168:אַשְׁכְּנַז
70:אַשְׁכְּנָז
1231:Categories
1117:Arpachshad
951:Cecil Roth
892:"Ashkenaz"
751:References
643:; Jader –
627:; Mocia –
594:Toparchies
383:Ashkenazim
331:Palatinate
267:Asia Minor
728:Alstedius
720:Galatians
700:Allemania
688:Scythians
579:Euxin sea
566:Aventinus
481:Armenians
457:Crusaders
437:Rhineland
413:. By the
347:Christian
333:(notably
327:Rhineland
186:romanized
141:Scythians
77:) in the
1178:Japhetic
989:Archived
967:Koriun,
708:Teutonia
657:Pannonia
641:Dalmatia
637:Bithynia
625:Tibiscus
613:Sarmatia
602:Duisburg
477:Togarmah
396:Tsarefat
329:and the
242:against
223:through
209:Togarmah
195:) was a
192:Askhanáz
173:’Aškənaz
151:Gimirrāi
130:Assyrian
91:Japhetic
89:, and a
75:ʾAškənāz
61:Ashkenaz
42:Ashkenaz
1242:Japheth
1211:Meshech
1174:Japheth
1154:Mizraim
1141:Hamitic
1099:Semitic
1086:Genesis
1033:Genesis
732:Mercury
704:Francia
692:Vistule
649:Albania
633:Phrygia
534:Scythia
510:Askanaz
427:Germany
405:Bohemia
403:), and
387:Sefarad
343:Germany
303:Khazars
295:Karaite
283:Ispakai
271:Armenia
244:Babylon
225:Japheth
205:Riphath
188::
181:Ἀσχανάζ
146:Gimirri
139:), the
123:Sefarad
119:Tzarfat
111:Germany
72:
46:Phrygia
1164:Canaan
904:
829:
804:
724:Strabo
696:Gallia
681:Epirus
677:Rhenus
669:Istria
606:Kadmos
590:Hessia
586:Saxony
575:Tanais
570:Tuisto
530:Tuisto
485:Koriun
441:Speyer
339:Speyer
279:Mannai
236:Ararat
133:Aškūza
65:Hebrew
1216:Tiras
1206:Tubal
1201:Javan
1196:Madai
1191:Magog
1186:Gomer
1112:Ashur
808:p.84
800:2021
745:Aesir
716:Celts
712:Gauls
673:Oenus
665:Azali
629:Mysia
621:Goths
617:Getae
553:Gomer
449:Mainz
445:Worms
432:Loter
419:Rashi
335:Worms
240:Minni
201:Gomer
177:Greek
97:. In
87:Gomer
1176:and
1159:Phut
1149:Cush
1139:and
1127:Aram
1107:Elam
1097:and
1095:Shem
902:ISBN
827:ISBN
802:ISBN
706:and
675:and
661:Sale
653:Save
588:and
543:and
447:and
337:and
293:The
238:and
221:Noah
207:and
1137:Ham
1122:Lud
1084:in
1027:, (
407:as
313:In
305:.
230:In
121:or
1233::
1088:10
1009:,
999:^
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886:;
875:^
842:^
813:^
793:,
759:^
702:,
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483:.
443:,
353:.
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215:,
183:,
179::
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171:,
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1074:e
1067:t
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910:.
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