663:
1967:
37:
553:
226:
1975:
1770:
1009:
6846:
6856:
1610:, pre-empting a Kalinago plan to massacre the Europeans, and then partitioned the island, with the English in the middle and the French at either end. In 1629 a Spanish force seized St Kitts, but the English settlement was rebuilt following the peace between England and Spain in 1630. The island then alternated between English and French control during the 17th and 18th centuries until it became permanently associated with Britain since 1783.
1174:
841:, founded in Bermuda in 1612, remains the oldest continuously-inhabited English settlement in the New World. Some historians state that with its formation predating the conversion of "James Fort" into "Jamestown" in 1619, St George's was actually the first successful town the English established in the
543:
and occurring a little bit after the plantation of
Munster. Soon there was an explosion of English colonial activity, driven by men seeking new land, by the pursuit of trade, and by the search for religious freedom. In the 17th century, the destination of most English people making a new life
2316:, provided for the subjects of the new state to "have full freedom and intercourse of trade and navigation to and from any port or place within the said united kingdom and the Dominions and Plantations thereunto belonging". While the Treaty of Union also provided for the winding up of the
845:. Bermuda and Bermudians have played important, sometimes pivotal, roles in the shaping of the English and British trans-Atlantic empires. These include roles in maritime commerce, settlement of the continent and of the West Indies, and the projection of naval power via the colony's
520:. One such overseas joint stock colony was established in the late 1560s, at Kerrycurrihy near Cork city Several people who helped establish colonies in Ireland also later played a part in the early colonisation of North America, particularly a group known as the
687:. This charter specified that Raleigh had seven years in which to establish a settlement, or else lose his right to do so. Raleigh and Elizabeth intended that the venture should provide riches from the New World and a base from which to send
2208:
by Edward III in 1347 and
English possession was confirmed by the Treaty of BrΓ©tigny. It was the only remaining English possession on the Continent after the effective end of the Hundred Years' War in 1453. Calais was
641:, and that year Gilbert sailed for the West Indies to engage in piracy and to establish a colony in North America. However, the expedition was abandoned before the Atlantic had been crossed. In 1583, Gilbert sailed to
1044:, was first founded in 1585 but was abandoned the next year. In 1587 a second attempt was made at establishing a settlement, but the colonists disappeared, leading to the name 'Lost Colony.' One of those lost was
598:
service recorded on North
American soil. Frobisher returned to Frobisher Bay in 1577, taking possession of the south side of it in Queen Elizabeth's name. In a third voyage, in 1578, he reached the shores of
1817:: The East India Company's traders settled at Surat in 1608, followed by the Dutch in 1617. Surat was the first headquarters town of the East India Company, but in 1687 it transferred its command centre to
354:
remained independent of
English rule until the Tudor and Stuart period. It was not until the 16th century that the Tudor monarchs of England began to "plant" Protestant settlers in Ireland as part of the
986:
which has had an almost continuous existence since 1621. The
Committee quickly took a hand in promoting the more profitable enterprises of the English possessions, and in particular the production of
959:
4545:
662:
1897:, transferred Bombay into the possession of England, as part of Catherine's dowry. However, the Portuguese kept several neighbouring islands. Between 1665 and 1666, the English acquired
7957:
6833:
1132:, also called Henricopolis, Henrico Town, and Henrico, was founded by the London Virginia Company in 1611 as an alternative to the swampy Jamestown, but it was largely destroyed in the
2291:
for
England by an Anglo-Dutch fleet, becoming the country's first European overseas possession since the sale of Dunkirk to France in 1662. The Naval operation was commanded by
7885:
6644:
1811:. At first, the factory was headed by a Chief Factor, from 1617 by a President, from 1630 by Agents, and from 1634 to 1652 by Presidents again. The factory then declined.
856:
were the destination of more than two-thirds of
English emigrants to the New World. By 1650, there were 44,000 English people in the Caribbean, compared to 12,000 on the
2669:
Falkiner, Caesar Litton (1904). Illustrations of Irish history and topography, mainly of the 17th century. London: Longmans, Green, & Co. p. 117. ISBN 1-144-76601-X.
1729:, were claimed for England by Sir Francis Drake in August 1578. However, no settlements were made and it is no longer possible to identify the islands with certainty.
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4162:
4157:
4152:
5049:
726:, under the name "The Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies". The Company soon established its first trading post in the
6892:
5503:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
1213:
6217:
2566:
603:
and also made an unsuccessful attempt at founding a settlement in
Frobisher Bay. While on the coast of Greenland, he also claimed that for England.
468:
intensified, Elizabeth approved further raids against
Spanish ports in the Americas and against shipping returning to Europe with treasure from the
6811:
Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of
Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the
1865:, which the Duke of York had occupied in 1664, while in return Run was formally abandoned to the Dutch. In 1665 the English traders were expelled.
1118:, the oldest continually-inhabited, and the first proper, English town in the New World was established; in 1615 its administration passed to the
7542:
1917:
in 1668. The population quickly rose from 10,000 in 1661, to 60,000 in 1675. In 1687, the East India Company transferred its headquarters from
1696:
in 1586, who named them. They were largely uninhabited until the 17th century, when they were informally settled by pirates, refugees from the
2190:
King of France in 1422. Between 1429 and 1453 the French drove the English out of France, and the Hundred Years' War was finally ended by the
6376:
2198:
agreed not to pursue his claim further. English and later British monarchs continued to use the title of King or Queen of France until 1801.
6804:
6787:
6665:
3745:
2362:
1849:
as sovereign of the island. After four years of siege by the Dutch and the death of Courthope in 1620, the English left. According to the
6256:
384:
980:
The Lords of the Committee of the Privy Council appointed for the consideration of all matters relating to Trade and Foreign Plantations
5946:
5940:
5042:
3609:
Peripheries & Center: Constitutional Development in the Extended Polities of the British Empire & the United States, 1607β1788
6002:
637:
In 1578, while Drake was away on his circumnavigation, Queen Elizabeth granted a patent for overseas exploration to his half-brother
7993:
7512:
7115:
6885:
1178:
1023:
802:
646:
480:
were beginning to press for the establishment of England's own overseas empire. Spain was well established in the Americas, while
8104:
4768:
2029:, later King James II. At first the chartered Company of Royal Adventurers in Africa administered the territory, which traded in
1166:(near the current US border with Canada). However, Popham was abandoned after about a year, and the Company then became inactive.
8119:
7975:
5850:
338:
was claimed for centuries by the English monarch; however, English control mostly was resigned to an area of Ireland known as
7308:
6211:
5035:
3819:
3449:
3108:
2591:
1436:
6982:
3071:
The register of letters, &c: of the governour and company of merchants of London trading into the East Indies, 1600β1619
8065:
7338:
7151:
6549:
6159:
5385:
4763:
3369:
The Register of Letters &c. of the Governour and Company of Merchants of London Trading Into the East Indies, 1600-1619
2576:
1284:
24:
3496:
7981:
7915:
6878:
6489:
5271:
5156:
3144:
2571:
2312:
The Treaty of Union of 1706, which with effect from 1707 combined England and Scotland into a new sovereign state called
2171:
1596:, in 1605, was not settled by England until 1625, soon becoming the third major English settlement in the Americas after
1288:
653:
to the north and south of it, although he left no settlers behind him. He did not survive the return journey to England.
493:
1606:
was settled by the English in 1623, followed by the French in 1625. The English and French united to massacre the local
7193:
6207:
4994:
2059:. While it was strategically important, Tangier proved very expensive to garrison and defend and was abandoned in 1684.
1249:
915:
2977:
1126:
established in 1620; Bermudians' complaints to the Crown led to the revocation of the company's Royal charter in 1684.
7794:
7139:
6988:
6369:
5562:
4734:
4115:
3630:
Empire at the Periphery: British Colonists, Anglo-Dutch Trade, and the Development of the British Atlantic, 1621β1713
3261:
3212:
3011:
2933:
2875:
2851:
2809:
2753:
2732:
2657:
2636:
2001:, sold exclusive trade rights on the Gambia River to English merchants, and Queen Elizabeth I confirmed his grant by
1312:
1259:
696:
8011:
7018:
6242:
6229:
5014:
3738:
3039:
2906:
2705:
3 & 4 Phil & Mar, c.2 (1556). The Act was repealed in 1962 Archived 11 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
1267:
831:, was settled and claimed by England as a result of the shipwreck there in 1609 of the Virginia Company's flagship
307:. At the outset of the war the Kings of England ruled almost all of France, but by the end of it in 1453 only the
8059:
7644:
6976:
6458:
6189:
5027:
4073:
3814:
2321:
2205:
1669:, first colonized by English settlers from St Kitts in 1650; the French gained the island in 1666, but under the
391:
1415:, formally the 'United Colonies of New England', was a short-lived military alliance of the English colonies of
7999:
7356:
7271:
6940:
6752:
6280:
5894:
5788:
5605:
5289:
4120:
3775:
2246:
1627:
453:
7452:
7440:
7428:
7398:
7374:
7368:
7362:
7344:
7320:
6562:
6326:
6077:
5518:. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.
5415:
5347:
4929:
1406:
1193:
442:. He led another voyage to the Americas the following year, but nothing was heard of him or his ships again.
7392:
2214:
7710:
6922:
6362:
5812:
5736:
5712:
5706:
5063:
4788:
4105:
2951:
1850:
1803:("the Governour and Company of Merchants of London trading into the East Indies") and in 1602 a permanent "
1718:
1123:
947:
615:
7380:
6870:
1966:
805:
in 1610. Rhode Island, Connecticut, and Massachusetts Bay, each incorporated during the early 1600s, were
50:
comprised a variety of overseas territories that were colonised, conquered, or otherwise acquired by the
7897:
7849:
7434:
7235:
6779:
6445:
5295:
4984:
4944:
4909:
4831:
4061:
3944:
3770:
3731:
3044:
2911:
2320:, it made no such provision for the English companies or colonies. In effect, with the Union they became
2014:
1998:
982:. Intended to be a temporary creation, the committee, later called a 'Council', became the origin of the
821:. The charter of Connecticut, Massachusetts Bay and Virginia each contained this "sea to sea" provision.
527:
The first English colonies overseas in America was made in the last quarter of the 16th century, in the
7458:
7386:
7326:
7175:
6517:
6294:
6268:
6165:
5934:
4989:
4808:
4793:
4167:
4100:
2696:
Edwards, Ruth Dudley; Hourican, Bridget (2005). An Atlas of Irish History. Psychology Press. pp. 33β34.
1551:
1548:; first settled at Roanoke in 1586, permanently settled 1653, became a separate British colony in 1710.
1541:
1475:
1221:
1102:
927:
828:
817:
of land. In a few instances the charter specified that the colony's territory extended westward to the
794:
327:
272:
3189:
1994:
19:"English Empire" redirects here. For the colonial empire of Great Britain and the United Kingdom, see
8099:
7716:
7103:
7030:
6946:
6808:; Ascension Island (1922β) and Tristan da Cunha (1938β) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena.
6451:
6407:
6129:
5840:
5515:
5485:
5243:
4798:
4056:
1746:
1623:
1412:
1330:
1317:
1308:
1225:
1201:
517:
161:
7969:
7782:
7728:
7614:
7602:
7572:
7314:
7205:
7006:
7000:
6632:
6340:
6287:
6195:
6153:
6117:
6071:
5686:
5335:
5277:
4919:
4904:
4803:
4095:
4078:
3977:
3249:
2746:
Trade, Plunder and Settlement: Maritime Enterprise and the Genesis of the British Empire, 1480β1630
2678:
Moody, T. W.; Martin, F. X., eds. (1967). The Course of Irish History. Cork: Mercier Press. p. 370.
2514:
2313:
2300:
1842:
1619:
1511:
1416:
1346:
1298:
1276:
1235:
1115:
969:
838:
465:
169:
59:
1538:, chartered 1663 as a single territory but soon functioning in practice as two separate colonies:
8109:
7933:
7867:
7704:
7668:
7470:
7446:
7404:
7277:
7265:
7187:
7181:
6964:
6849:
6681:
6556:
6524:
6505:
6171:
6123:
6065:
5774:
5718:
5094:
4979:
4967:
4896:
4823:
3883:
2831:
2403:
2274:
2236:
2218:
1868:
1705:
1505:
1133:
110:
7554:
7247:
2174:
in 1340 but abandoned it under the Treaty of BrΓ©tigny in 1360. He resumed his claim in 1369 and
379:
began, and thousands of Scottish and Northern English colonists were settled in the province of
8114:
7909:
7518:
7500:
7494:
7283:
7217:
7085:
6970:
6952:
6320:
6301:
6177:
6141:
5913:
5901:
5800:
5680:
5668:
5556:
5511:
5499:
5130:
4841:
4125:
4007:
2586:
2524:
2278:
2210:
2113:
1854:
1804:
1773:
1670:
1652:
1452:
1378:
557:
532:
513:
356:
205:
90:
3344:
3315:
2937:
2843:
383:. English control of Ireland fluctuated for centuries until Ireland was incorporated into the
7566:
7169:
7109:
7036:
6859:
6465:
5620:
5397:
5379:
5188:
5119:
4956:
4934:
4924:
4110:
4051:
3878:
2963:
2399:
2228:
2153:
2149:
2105:
2056:
2052:
2042:
2021:
from the Dutch in 1661, who ceded it in 1664. The island on which the Fort stood was renamed
1890:
1886:
1756:
1535:
1012:
964:
In 1621, following a downturn in overseas trade which had created financial problems for the
892:
876:
872:
642:
435:
300:
264:
118:
114:
3967:
3701:
Sheridan, Richard B., "The Plantation Revolution and the Industrial Revolution, 1625β1775",
2157:
2140:: Aquitaine, a fief of the Kingdom of France, passed to the English through the marriage of
1704:'s army in Jamaica. England gained control of the islands, together with Jamaica, under the
731:
334:, with thousands of English and Welsh settlers arriving in Ireland. As a result of this the
252:
7963:
7752:
7698:
7626:
7548:
7536:
7332:
7091:
7012:
6770:
6588:
6501:
6435:
6413:
6314:
6274:
6183:
6147:
6085:
6010:
5698:
5433:
5427:
5421:
4780:
3982:
3937:
3797:
3298:
2887:
2327:
2288:
2195:
2141:
1876:
1679:, formerly a Spanish possession known as Santiago, it was conquered by the English in 1655.
1574:
1531:
1446:
1368:
1340:
1325:
1240:
1119:
931:
880:
790:
762:
540:
497:
411:
395:
376:
367:, in 1556. A joint-stock plantation was established in the late 1560s at Kerrycurrihy near
201:
185:
165:
3517:
The English Empire in America: or a Prospect of His Majesties Dominions in the West-Indies
3034:
2901:
1518:, founded in 1681 as an English colony, although first settled by the Dutch and the Swedes
402:
on 12 October that year. In 1496, excited by the successes in overseas exploration of the
8:
7837:
7650:
7608:
7061:
6928:
6249:
6052:
5959:
5907:
5794:
5782:
5762:
5750:
5662:
5453:
5365:
4861:
4813:
4739:
4726:
4068:
4020:
3910:
3856:
3846:
3834:
2380:
2317:
2232:
2191:
2183:
2161:
2145:
2131:
2109:
2026:
2022:
1978:
1894:
1838:
1726:
1697:
1597:
1570:
1497:
1480:
1390:
1163:
1155:
1084:
1064:
884:
778:
770:
623:
446:
335:
235:
189:
145:
102:
8005:
7873:
7855:
7806:
7770:
7758:
7746:
7692:
7464:
7422:
7253:
7229:
7199:
7127:
6495:
6477:
6417:
6308:
6034:
5996:
5972:
5953:
5844:
5391:
5317:
5283:
5182:
5162:
5088:
4914:
4853:
4090:
3987:
3932:
3915:
3895:
3787:
3762:
3754:
3706:
3598:
3582:
3551:
Empire: The Rise and Demise of the British World Order and the Lessons for Global Power
3364:
3114:
2489:
2175:
2137:
2070:
2006:
1914:
1846:
1800:
1440:
1424:
1358:
1334:
1078:
907:
as part of her dowry. Tangier proved very expensive to hold and was abandoned in 1684.
786:
758:
723:
583:
431:
244:
177:
55:
51:
36:
3274:
2104:: Normandy became associated with the English crown in 1066 when the Duke of Normandy
8023:
8017:
7927:
7788:
7734:
7590:
7241:
7163:
7133:
7024:
6855:
6441:
6059:
6024:
5756:
5644:
5592:
5586:
5570:
5409:
5403:
5353:
5323:
5253:
4866:
3972:
3871:
3824:
3670:
3445:
3257:
3208:
3118:
3104:
3007:
2929:
2871:
2847:
2836:
2805:
2749:
2728:
2687:
Ranelagh, John (1994). A Short History of Ireland. Cambridge University Press. p. 36.
2653:
2632:
2596:
2530:
2264:
2167:
2101:
1928:
1922:
1294:
1056:
793:, to which Bermuda (also known as the Somers Isles) was transferred in 1615, and the
595:
579:
403:
316:
304:
153:
126:
2614:
Keynes, Simon. "Edward, King of the Anglo-Saxons" in N. J. Higham & D. H. Hill,
2160:
in 1360. The French reconquest of Aquitaine began in 1451 and was complete with the
8047:
8035:
8029:
7987:
7891:
7861:
7776:
7596:
7578:
7560:
7530:
7145:
6994:
6934:
6812:
6745:
6737:
6729:
6657:
6568:
6536:
6423:
6223:
6135:
5920:
5446:
5439:
5341:
5226:
5171:
4962:
4876:
4046:
3905:
3888:
3225:
3096:
2870:, The Oxford History of the British Empire, vol. I (Oxford University Press, 1998,
2581:
2518:
2367:
2252:
2179:
2082:
2078:
1828:
1752:
1471:
1428:
1402:
1396:
1245:
1183:
1143:
1071:
1027:
638:
611:
575:
521:
268:
181:
5057:
1008:
946:. In 1673, the Dutch regained New Netherland, but they gave it up again under the
438:. There, he believed he had reached Asia and made no attempt to found a permanent
41:
All English overseas possessions in 1700, shortly before the Acts of Union of 1707
7939:
7879:
7818:
7812:
7740:
7620:
7524:
7506:
7157:
7079:
6765:
6542:
6471:
6262:
6201:
6040:
5724:
5626:
5329:
4972:
4952:
4871:
4002:
3962:
3839:
3792:
3544:
3534:
3461:
3148:
2959:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2074:
2048:
1701:
1521:
1420:
1384:
1272:
1207:
896:
798:
684:
571:
528:
473:
372:
312:
225:
157:
149:
130:
109:. In 1639, a series of English fortresses on the Indian coast was initiated with
1735:: an attempt in 1604 to establish a colony failed in its main objective to find
1685:, first settled by the Spanish and French, was colonized by the English in 1666.
846:
552:
484:
had built up a network of trading posts and fortresses on the coasts of Africa,
8071:
7800:
7722:
7680:
7674:
7662:
7350:
6906:
6650:
6638:
6483:
6099:
6028:
6017:
5806:
5768:
5674:
5638:
5632:
5598:
5136:
5059:
4836:
4751:
4083:
3997:
3861:
3809:
2561:
2501:
2478:
2430:
2348:
2201:
2130:: Anjou and Maine merged with the English crown when the Count of Anjou became
2095:
2066:
2002:
1974:
1796:
1742:
1732:
1689:
1564:
1555:
1545:
1304:
1159:
1147:
1098:
1088:
1041:
1037:
983:
919:
911:
857:
806:
774:
712:
672:
423:
419:
407:
308:
288:
256:
193:
63:
28:
20:
3138:
1558:; first permanently settled in 1670, became a separate British colony in 1710.
695:. Raleigh himself never visited North America, although he led expeditions in
622:
for his queen, and on 24 August 1578 claimed another Elizabeth Island, in the
8093:
8077:
8053:
7951:
7945:
7843:
7211:
7097:
7067:
6691:
6511:
5692:
5576:
4886:
3992:
3851:
2714:
Lennon, Colm. Sixteenth Century Ireland, the Incomplete Conquest, pp. 211β213
2144:
to the future Henry II of England in 1152. The duchy was declared forfeit by
1950:
1824:
1788:
1693:
1478:, the cousin of King Charles II. In 1668, Rupert commissioned two ships, the
1321:
1253:
1139:
1060:
1045:
978:
committee of inquiry to look into the causes of the decline. This was called
923:
818:
766:
704:
700:
680:
650:
607:
591:
587:
536:
457:
360:
292:
98:
74:
449:
had made enemies of England and Spain, and in 1562 Elizabeth sanctioned the
7921:
7764:
7638:
7289:
7259:
7042:
6900:
6721:
6429:
5990:
5984:
5965:
5730:
5465:
5372:
5311:
5305:
5009:
4881:
4746:
4132:
3927:
3866:
3829:
3593:
Green, William A., "Caribbean Historiography, 1600β1900: The Recent Tide",
2536:
2358:
2292:
2062:
1990:
1932:
1902:
1834:
1769:
1712:
1515:
1501:
1075:
943:
364:
213:
134:
86:
7584:
3394:
3100:
2890:
at web site of the Canadian Museum of Civilization, accessed 5 August 2011
1853:
of 1654, Run should have been returned to England, but was not. After the
248:
8041:
7686:
7482:
7416:
7223:
7073:
6838:
6334:
6235:
6046:
5650:
5550:
5265:
5259:
4041:
4025:
3900:
3802:
3301:, Colony of Avalon Foundation, Revised March 2002, accessed 6 August 2011
2495:
2462:
2413:
2018:
1982:
1910:
1792:
1648:
1643:
1603:
1463:
1459:
1362:
1352:
1343:, settled in 1628, merged with the Massachusetts Bay Colony the next year
1110:
861:
853:
833:
810:
754:
727:
545:
461:
399:
326:
The first English overseas expansion occurred as early as 1169, when the
296:
280:
260:
173:
152:
were the first centres of English colonisation. During the 17th century,
94:
82:
3710:
2328:
List of English possessions which are still British Overseas Territories
311:
remained to them. Calais was eventually lost to the French in 1558. The
7488:
7410:
7121:
6958:
6111:
6092:
5835:
5614:
5233:
5150:
4999:
4758:
3646:, (1998β1999), vol. 1 "The Origins of Empire" ed. Nicholas Canny (1998)
3586:
2441:
2353:
2296:
2256:
2010:
1633:
1489:
935:
747:
631:
627:
501:
415:
276:
230:
197:
3602:
3084:
814:
753:
Most of the new English colonies established in North America and the
535:. The 1580s saw the first attempt at permanent English settlements in
7903:
7656:
7476:
6757:
5610:
5359:
5143:
3780:
3723:
3442:
The New Cambridge Modern History V (The ascendancy of France 1648β88)
2549:
2343:
2284:
2277:
from the Spanish in 1658, and the town was granted to England by the
1862:
1722:
1660:
1052:
965:
842:
777:, which created the first successful English overseas settlements at
708:
688:
619:
600:
469:
450:
434:. Cabot sailed in 1497, successfully making landfall on the coast of
368:
351:
320:
3577:
Morris, Richard B., "The Spacious Empire of Lawrence Henry Gipson",
3197:
7632:
6685:
6600:
5879:
5831:
5580:
5507:
5493:
5489:
5459:
5247:
4137:
2468:
2409:
2333:
2249:
in 1562. The town was reconquered by the French the following year.
2242:
1936:
1763:
1666:
1607:
1589:
1525:
1372:
1231:
1129:
1106:
939:
888:
865:
481:
477:
339:
209:
3698:, (1929β1961); vol 1: "The Old Empire from the Beginnings to 1783"
3384:(Madras, 1980; Tamil Nadu State Department of Archaeology, No. 49)
2235:
in 1513. It was returned to France in 1519 under the terms of the
1921:
to Bombay, and the city eventually became the headquarters of the
942:, which had also been a Dutch possession and later became part of
645:, where in a formal ceremony he took possession of the harbour of
6594:
5927:
5887:
5480:
5237:
5196:
3954:
3531:
English Colonies in America: Virginia, Maryland and the Carolinas
2542:
2508:
2474:
2455:
2437:
2386:
2338:
2270:
2260:
2224:
1946:
1940:
1906:
1872:
1795:
about the year 1600, which was the date of the foundation in the
1777:
1682:
1676:
1656:
1639:
1583:
1432:
1197:
1173:
1154:. The company had a licence to establish settlements between the
1094:
987:
824:
782:
719:
676:
343:
331:
78:
70:
1439:. Its charter provided for the return of fugitive criminals and
934:. At the same time, the English also came to control the former
864:. The most substantial English settlement in that period was at
6604:
5979:
5744:
5522:
5124:
2725:
The Fall of Irish Chiefs and Clans and the Plantation of Ulster
2485:
2448:
2426:
1954:
1882:
1818:
1002:
974:
900:
485:
439:
380:
347:
284:
138:
1074:
was chartered in 1606, and in 1624 its concessions became the
634:". However, these claims were not followed up by settlements.
6105:
5827:
5299:
4036:
3694:
Rose, J. Holland, A. P. Newton and E. A. Benians, gen. eds.,
3085:"Reviewed Work: In the Eye of All Trade by Michael J. Jarvis"
2420:
2392:
2038:
2034:
1918:
1898:
1875:), was the first English fortress in India, founded in 1639.
1814:
1613:
1151:
991:
904:
743:
739:
692:
512:
The first English overseas colonies started in 1556 with the
489:
122:
106:
2629:
King and Country: England and Wales in the Fifteenth Century
2108:
became King of England. The mainland duchy was conquered by
1759:
in 1690, who made the first recorded landing on the islands.
809:, as was Virginia for a time. They were established through
255:, from 1013 to 1014 and 1016 to 1042, England was part of a
5656:
4142:
3462:
Treaty of Union of the Two Kingdoms of Scotland and England
2267:
in 1585. The towns were sold to the Dutch Republic in 1616.
2030:
1808:
1736:
1114:; the company's possession was made official in 1612, when
1067:
in 1602, but the island was abandoned after only one month.
953:
735:
666:
Re-enactment of English settlers arriving in Virginia, 1607
427:
69:
The first English overseas settlements were established in
1837:, a spice island in the East Indies. On 25 December 1616,
1333:
was an unsuccessful fishing colony settled in 1624 by the
1034:
1520 and had settlers who remained all year round by 1620.
5004:
2780:
The Slave Trade: the History of the Atlantic Slave Trade
2295:. Gibraltar later became a strategic naval base for the
1713:
List of English possessions in Central and South America
1466:
after 1674, each held by its own company of Proprietors.
3658:
The Cambridge Illustrated History of the British Empire
2281:
the next year. Dunkirk was sold back to France in 1662.
2112:
in 1204 and English claims finally relinquished in the
2009:
granted a charter to an English company for trade with
1749:
occupied a small part of this area in the 17th century.
1642:, settled in 1632 by a group of English colonists from
3254:
The Oldest City: The Story of St. John's, Newfoundland
2217:
in 1559. English claims were finally abandoned by the
507:
291:, England formed part of a collection of lands in the
6710:
5843:. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the
3689:
Set Fair for Roanoke: voyages and colonies, 1584β1606
3059:
Set fair for Roanoke: voyages and colonies, 1584β1606
2307:
2156:
was recognised as sovereign Lord of Aquitaine by the
1841:
landed on Run to defend it against the claims of the
3488:(1934β1938), the standard political overview to 1700
279:
of the English throne. Through the remainder of the
3464:
at scotshistoryonline.co.uk, accessed 2 August 2011
3279:
Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage Web Site Project
3230:
Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage Web Site Project
2178:was recognised as heir to the French throne by the
1248:located south of a line drawn from Caplin Bay (now
1063:, a small fort and trading post was established by
785:, unofficially in 1609 and officially in 1612, its
283:the kings of England held extensive territories in
3524:The Penguin Historical Atlas of the British Empire
3205:The Oxford History of the British Empire: Volume I
2978:"Drakes Bay National Historic Landmark Dedication"
2835:
1387:, founded in 1635, merged with Connecticut in 1644
914:to English control in 1664, England took over the
765:, appointed to found and govern settlements under
287:, based on their history in this Duchy. Under the
3572:The British Empire Before the American Revolution
3541:English Colonies in America: The Puritan colonies
3312:English Colonies in America: The Puritan colonies
2567:Concessions and leases in international relations
1857:, England and the United Provinces agreed to the
1651:were mostly deserted from 1513 to 1648, when the
1504:. Prince Rupert became the first governor of the
1381:, chartered in 1634, but had failed by 1649β1650.
656:
299:dynasty. The collapse of this dynasty led to the
8091:
2838:American Colonies, The Settling of North America
2213:in 1558 and French occupation recognised by the
2089:
2051:: this was another English possession gained by
1961:
1827:: a trading factory was established here on the
1764:English possessions in India and the East Indies
359:. These plantations included King's County, now
3505:(1989), survey by scholars, heavily illustrated
3177:Tangier: England's Forgotten Colony (1661-1684)
1831:of India in 1611, at first reporting to Bantam.
1399:, founded 1638, merged with Connecticut in 1665
1097:, also known as the Somers Isles, lying in the
1059:(named after Queen Elizabeth I) of present-day
3574:(1936β1970), comprehensive scholarly overview
2134:in 1154. They were lost to the French in 1204.
1957:was settled by the East India Company in 1690.
1584:List of English possessions in the West Indies
1349:, later part of Massachusetts, founded in 1629
1105:in 1609, due to the wrecking of the company's
926:. Formalized in 1667, this contributed to the
6886:
6370:
5043:
3739:
3043:. Vol. I (1000β1700) (online ed.).
2975:
2910:. Vol. I (1000β1700) (online ed.).
2245:: English troops occupied Le Havre under the
1807:" was established at Bantam on the island of
1216:, founded in 1618, was abandoned in the 1630s
1210:, founded in 1610, was abandoned in the 1620s
1122:, which was formed by the same shareholders;
6805:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
6788:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
6666:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
3675:Voyages of the Elizabethan Seamen to America
2363:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
2077:granted in 1657. (The associated islands of
1003:List of English possessions in North America
671:On 25 March 1584, Queen Elizabeth I granted
27:. For the "empire" of the Plantagenets, see
3696:The Cambridge History of the British Empire
3597:Vol. 7, No. 3 (Winter, 1977), pp. 509β530.
3243:
3232:. Memorial University of Newfoundland. 1998
3161:Colonial America: A Very Short Introduction
1563:One possession established after 1707 as a
1431:, established in 1643, aiming to unite the
626:. In 1579, he landed on the north coast of
430:, subsequently known as the search for the
385:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
6893:
6879:
6377:
6363:
5050:
5036:
3746:
3732:
2956:The World encompassed by Sir Francis Drake
1700:, shipwrecked sailors, and deserters from
930:. In 1664, New Netherland was renamed the
757:, whether successfully or otherwise, were
649:together with all land within two hundred
418:to lead a voyage to find a route from the
398:began in 1492, and he sighted land in the
330:began to establish English possessions in
125:new possessions which until then had been
3581:Vol. 24, No. 2 (Apr., 1967), pp. 169β189
2303:in 1713. It remains a British possession.
2085:were not settled until the 19th century.)
1885:: On 11 May 1661, the marriage treaty of
1879:was the accompanying civilian settlement.
606:At the same time, between 1577 and 1580,
460:to attack Spanish ships off the coast of
5849:Legitimacy of territorial establishment
3644:The Oxford History of the British Empire
3642:Louis, William, Roger (general editor),
2947:
2945:
1973:
1965:
1768:
1592:, first visited by an English ship, the
1256:. The colony had been abandoned by 1637.
1172:
1007:
960:Council of Trade and Foreign Plantations
954:Council of Trade and Foreign Plantations
691:on raids against the treasure fleets of
661:
551:
224:
35:
3682:History of the New World called America
3651:Martin Frobisher: Elizabethan privateer
3616:The Rise and Fall of the British Empire
3486:The Colonial Period of American History
3416:The Gazetteer of Bombay City and Island
3082:
2926:Martin Frobisher: Elizabethan privateer
2888:The Nunavut Voyages of Martin Frobisher
2767:Colossus: The Price of America's Empire
1391:Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
711:. Instead, he sent others to found the
683:which was to be called, in her honour,
16:Territories ruled by Kingdom of England
8092:
6834:Historical flags of the British Empire
6818:Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985
3753:
3705:Vol. 9, No. 3 (Oct., 1969), pp. 5β25.
2830:
1725:, and another Elizabeth Island in the
1291:in 1620, first settlers in August 1621
718:On 31 December 1600, Elizabeth gave a
630:, claiming the area for Elizabeth as "
23:. For the Americas in particular, see
6874:
6709:
6621:
6358:
5867:
5539:
5214:
5107:
5031:
3727:
3281:. Memorial University of Newfoundland
3192:: a new survey of universal knowledge
3171:
3169:
3032:
2942:
2899:
2592:Scottish colonization of the Americas
1791:: The English started to sail to the
1528:, separated from Pennsylvania in 1704
887:. In 1661, Charles's marriage to the
472:. Meanwhile, the influential writers
7152:Regulator Movement in North Carolina
3595:Journal of Interdisciplinary History
3141:Bermuda in the Privateering Business
2976:Dell'Osso, John (October 12, 2016).
2577:Historiography of the British Empire
1262:, founded in 1615, abandoned in 1619
1146:settled the Popham Colony along the
715:, later known as the "Lost Colony".
247:is generally dated from the rule of
200:were taken from the Dutch, becoming
25:British colonization of the Americas
6645:Saint Andrew and Providence Islands
5488:. British Cameroons is now part of
3637:British Colonial Theories 1570β1850
3493:Colonial Self-Government, 1652β1689
3444:(Cambridge University Press, 1961,
3395:"Catherine of BraganΓ§a (1638β1705)"
3037:. In Brown, George Williams (ed.).
2904:. In Brown, George Williams (ed.).
2748:(Cambridge University Press, 1984,
2572:First wave of European colonization
2318:Scottish African and Indian Company
1913:. These islands were leased to the
1289:George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore
1101:, were accidentally settled by the
938:, in the present-day U.S. state of
679:for the colonization of an area of
508:The first English overseas colonies
342:, most of Ireland, large swaths of
13:
5504:unilaterally declared independence
5199:1708β1757, 1763β1782 and 1798β1802
3470:
3371:(B. Quaritch, 1893), pp. lxxiv, 33
3275:"William Vaughan and New Cambriol"
3166:
2308:Transformation into British Empire
1673:of 1667 it was returned to England
813:issued by the Crown for specified
773:. Early examples of these are the
14:
8131:
6901:Colonial conflicts involving the
6711:Antarctica and the South Atlantic
6690:Occupied by Argentina during the
6622:
5868:
2618:(London: Routledge, 2001), p. 61.
2025:, and the fort Fort James, after
1755:: Claimed for England by mariner
1488:, to explore possible trade into
1449:, captured from the Dutch in 1664
1313:Henry Cary, 1st Viscount Falkland
881:trading company dealing in slaves
594:and this was marked by the first
251:from 927. During the rule of the
6854:
6845:
6844:
6257:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3665:English Colonies in the Americas
3623:The American Colonies, 1492β1750
3040:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
2907:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
2804:(Oxford University Press, 1996,
2055:in 1661 as part of the dowry of
1508:, which was established in 1670.
1268:Plymouth Council for New England
742:, on the coasts of what are now
707:in search of the golden city of
496:had already begun to settle the
375:. In the early 17th century the
6977:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
3815:England in the late Middle Ages
3455:
3434:
3421:
3409:
3387:
3374:
3358:
3349:
3333:
3320:
3304:
3292:
3267:
3218:
3182:
3153:
3131:
3076:
3064:
3051:
3026:
3017:
2996:
2969:
2918:
2893:
2881:
2860:
2824:
2815:
2794:
2785:
2772:
2759:
2738:
2717:
1861:, under which the English kept
1782:first English fortress in India
997:
586:. In August 1576, he landed at
565:
8105:History of English colonialism
7080:Father Rale's War/Dummer's War
6753:Australian Antarctic Territory
5609:since 1965 (before as part of
5606:British Indian Ocean Territory
5492:, while Tanganyika is part of
5123:since 1960 (before as part of
3717:Growth of the English Colonies
3653:(Yale University Press, 2001).
3299:Permanent Settlement at Avalon
2928:(Yale University Press, 2001,
2708:
2699:
2690:
2681:
2672:
2663:
2642:
2621:
2608:
2170:: Edward III of England first
1939:on the coast of the island of
657:The first overseas settlements
578:set sail on 7 June 1576, from
548:rather than in North America.
1:
8120:History of the British Empire
7477:Black War (Van Diemen's Land)
7321:Castle Hill convict rebellion
3006:(Barrie & Jenkins, 1990,
2782:(Picador, 1997), pp. 155β158.
2602:
2090:English possessions in Europe
2069:, was settled by the English
2045:took over the administration.
1962:English possessions in Africa
1845:and the inhabitants accepted
1194:Society of Merchant Venturers
910:After the Dutch surrender of
827:, today the oldest-remaining
769:granted to individuals or to
738:, and others, beginning with
5064:British Overseas Territories
3684:(vol. 1, 1892; vol. 2, 1899)
3677:(vol. 1, 1893; vol. 2, 1900)
3429:History of Bombay, 1661β1708
2802:The British Empire 1558β1995
2299:and was officially ceded to
2273:: French and English forces
1405:, founded 1639, now part of
1275:, founded 1620, merged with
1238:(1575β1641) bought from the
1144:Virginia Company of Plymouth
1124:House of Assembly of Bermuda
968:, King James instructed his
48:English overseas possessions
7:
6780:British Antarctic Territory
6490:Western Pacific Territories
6384:
3558:English Colonies in America
3510:The British Seaborne Empire
3503:Atlas of the British Empire
3479:The Founding of New England
3045:University of Toronto Press
3023:Andrews (1984), pp. 188-189
2912:University of Toronto Press
2555:
2373:
2073:in 1659 under a charter of
1659:to settle on the island of
1234:, founded in 1617. In 1616
852:Between 1640 and 1660, the
190:Rhode Island and Providence
121:brought him as part of her
113:. In 1661, the marriage of
10:
8136:
7994:Jewish revolt in Palestine
7639:Fenian Rebellion in Canada
7284:Dwyer's guerrilla campaign
7176:American Revolutionary War
6518:Gilbert and Ellice Islands
5935:British Arctic Territories
5215:
5108:
3820:Economy in the Middle Ages
3579:William and Mary Quarterly
3565:The Early English Colonies
3226:"Early Settlement Schemes"
3083:Delgado, Sally J. (2015).
3073:(B. Quaritch, 1893), p. 3.
2227:: Tournai was occupied by
2215:Treaty of Cateau-CambrΓ©sis
2093:
1931:was an East India Company
1739:and lasted only two years.
1600:, and the Plymouth Colony.
1552:Province of South Carolina
1542:Province of North Carolina
1476:Prince Rupert of the Rhine
1324:settled in 1623, see also
1222:London and Bristol Company
1158:(the upper reaches of the
1103:Virginia Company of London
1089:Virginia Company of London
957:
829:British Overseas Territory
612:circumnavigating the globe
539:, a generation before the
371:, on land leased from the
363:, and Queen's County, now
328:Norman invasion of Ireland
219:
54:before 1707. (In 1707 the
18:
7828:
7765:Jameson Raid South Africa
7299:
7052:
6913:
6829:
6798:
6758:Commonwealth of Australia
6716:
6705:
6676:
6628:
6617:
6583:
6390:
6354:
6160:Newfoundland and Labrador
5874:
5863:
5841:League of Nations mandate
5822:
5546:
5535:
5516:Lancaster House Agreement
5486:League of Nations mandate
5475:
5221:
5210:
5114:
5103:
5070:
4943:
4895:
4852:
4822:
4779:
4725:
4016:
3953:
3761:
3621:Jernegan, Marcus Wilson,
3194:(Volume 10, 1963), p. 583
3033:Quinn, David B. (1979) .
2172:claimed the French throne
1747:Providence Island Company
1624:Providence Island Company
1413:New England Confederation
1318:Province of New Hampshire
1142:: on 13 August 1607, the
1030:, was seasonally settled
895:brought him the ports of
518:Tudor conquest of Ireland
412:King Henry VII of England
315:, as the remnants of the
259:that included domains in
58:made England part of the
7976:Arab revolt in Palestine
7573:Second Anglo-Burmese War
7315:Second Anglo-Maratha War
7206:Australian frontier wars
6288:Turks and Caicos Islands
5595:(protectorate) 1907β1949
5540:
5167:(integrated into the UK)
3137:Shorto, Lt. Col. Gavin.
2616:Edward the Elder 899-924
2515:Turks and Caicos Islands
2255:: English possession of
2211:recaptured by the French
1895:King John IV of Portugal
1843:Dutch East India Company
1620:Providence Island colony
1577:; first settled in 1732.
1512:Province of Pennsylvania
1455:, also captured in 1664
1347:Massachusetts Bay Colony
1299:Massachusetts Bay Colony
1297:, granted 1622, sold to
1277:Massachusetts Bay Colony
1017:"Admiral of New England"
73:, followed by others in
60:Kingdom of Great Britain
7970:Second Mohmand campaign
7705:Third Anglo-Burmese War
7669:Second Anglo-Afghan War
7471:First Anglo-Burmese War
7447:Third Anglo-Maratha War
7278:Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
7188:Second Anglo-Mysore War
7182:First Anglo-Maratha War
6571:1919β1942 and 1945β1968
6396:18th and 19th centuries
6212:Queen Charlotte Islands
6172:North-Western Territory
6144:1665β1674 and 1702β1776
5747:1781β1784 and 1795β1819
5412:1923β1965 and 1979β1980
5095:Commonwealth of Nations
3884:Commonwealth of England
3567:(Sadler Phillips, 2010)
3556:Fishkin, Rebecca Love,
3382:Fort St. George, Madras
3341:The Colonies, 1492-1750
3339:Thwaites, Reuben Gold.
3326:Schomburg, Sir Robert.
3190:Encyclopædia Britannica
3035:"Gilbert, Sir Humphrey"
2984:. National Park Service
2902:"Frobisher, Sir Martin"
2404:Plymouth, Massachusetts
2247:Treaty of Hampton Court
2148:in 1337, beginning the
2017:. The English captured
1995:AntΓ³nio, Prior of Crato
1935:-trading centre with a
1393:, first settled in 1636
1285:Ferryland, Newfoundland
1134:Indian massacre of 1622
1026:, chartered in 1583 by
1024:St John's, Newfoundland
803:St John's, Newfoundland
319:, retain their link to
295:and France held by the
192:were settled. In 1664,
7910:Third Anglo-Afghan War
7795:First Mohmand campaign
7519:First Anglo-Afghan War
7218:Third Anglo-Mysore War
6321:West Indies Federation
5510:) and continued as an
5093:Current member of the
3715:Sitwell, Sidney Mary,
3656:Marshall, P. J., ed.,
3477:Adams, James Truslow,
3330:(2012 edition), p. 258
2958:(1854 edition) by the
2791:Ferguson (2004), p. 7.
2587:Plantations of Ireland
2525:British Virgin Islands
2289:Gibraltar was captured
2279:Treaty of the Pyrenees
1985:
1971:
1943:, established in 1685.
1855:Second Anglo-Dutch War
1783:
1653:Eleutheran Adventurers
1534:, settled 1653 at the
1453:Province of New Jersey
1407:East Hampton, New York
1379:Province of New Albion
1187:
1186:'s landing there, 1583
1018:
928:Second AngloβDutch War
667:
561:
514:plantations of Ireland
357:plantations of Ireland
239:
43:
7567:Second Anglo-Sikh War
7224:Cotiote (Wayanad) War
7110:French and Indian War
6243:Saint Kitts and Nevis
5514:state until the 1979
5120:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
3491:Andrews, Charles M.,
3484:Andrews, Charles M.,
3101:10.1353/crb.2015.0030
2900:Cooke, Alan (1979) .
2868:The Origins of Empire
2769:(Penguin, 2004, p. 4)
2400:Newfoundland (island)
2263:was confirmed by the
2229:Henry VIII of England
2154:Edward III of England
2106:William the Conqueror
2057:Catherine of Braganza
2043:Royal African Company
1977:
1970:English Tangier, 1670
1969:
1891:Catherine of Braganza
1851:Treaty of Westminster
1772:
1567:rather than English:
1536:Albemarle Settlements
1474:, named in honour of
1435:colonies against the
1244:all that land on the
1176:
1087:, was founded by the
1011:
948:Treaty of Westminster
893:Catherine of Braganza
883:, led by his brother
877:Royal African Company
771:joint stock companies
665:
555:
500:, which later became
275:, making the Duchy a
265:William the Conqueror
228:
119:Catherine of Braganza
39:
7729:HunzaβNagar Campaign
7537:First Anglo-Sikh War
7513:EgyptianβOttoman War
6771:Realm of New Zealand
6769:(transferred to the
6756:(transferred to the
6589:Realm of New Zealand
6190:Prince Edward Island
6068:1671β1816, 1833β1960
4735:Anglo-Saxon military
3923:Overseas possessions
3680:Payne, Edward John,
3628:Koot, Christian J.,
3539:Doyle, John Andrew,
3529:Doyle, John Andrew,
3310:Doyle, John Andrew.
3175:Wreglesworth, John.
2842:. Penguin. pp.
2800:Lloyd, Trevor Owen.
2627:Griffiths, Ralph A.
2429:, North America and
2196:Edward IV of England
2142:Eleanor of Aquitaine
1532:Province of Carolina
1506:Hudson's Bay Company
1500:at the mouth of the
1447:Province of New York
1369:Province of Maryland
1326:New Hampshire Grants
1241:Newfoundland Company
1120:Somers Isles Company
1028:Sir Humphrey Gilbert
932:Province of New York
795:Newfoundland Company
791:Somers Isles Company
544:overseas was in the
541:Plantation of Ulster
498:Saint Lawrence River
396:Christopher Columbus
377:Plantation of Ulster
323:to the present day.
303:between England and
7982:Waziristan campaign
7916:Waziristan campaign
7609:Revolt of Rajab Ali
7086:War of Jenkins' Ear
6802:Since 2009 part of
6694:of AprilβJune 1982.
6281:Trinidad and Tobago
5895:Antigua and Barbuda
5795:Straits Settlements
4149:Acts of Parliament:
3916:Union with Scotland
3911:Glorious Revolution
3857:Union of the Crowns
3847:English Renaissance
3835:English Reformation
3776:Anglo-Saxon England
3515:Crouch, Nathaniel.
3501:Bayly, C. A., ed.,
3328:History of Barbados
2821:Lennon, pp. 211β213
2398:1620 East coast of
2381:Jamestown, Virginia
2233:Battle of the Spurs
2192:Treaty of Picquigny
2184:Henry VI of England
2162:Battle of Castillon
2146:Philip VI of France
2132:Henry II of England
2110:Philip II of France
2065:, an island in the
2027:James, Duke of York
1839:Nathaniel Courthope
1727:Straits of Magellan
1698:Spanish Inquisition
1598:Jamestown, Virginia
1571:Province of Georgia
1441:indentured servants
1236:Sir William Vaughan
1085:Jamestown, Virginia
1065:Bartholomew Gosnold
885:James, Duke of York
624:Straits of Magellan
336:Lordship of Ireland
103:Indian subcontinent
7856:Bambatha Rebellion
7771:Anglo-Zanzibar War
7759:Chitral Expedition
7693:Anglo-Egyptian War
7465:Anglo-Ashanti wars
7170:Lord Dunmore's War
7128:Anglo-Cherokee War
7037:King William's War
5954:Cape Breton Island
5845:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty
5687:Unfederated States
5502:Southern Rhodesia
5089:Commonwealth realm
4106:Secretary of State
3788:Kingdom of England
3755:Kingdom of England
3671:Payne, Edward John
3663:Parker, Lewis K.,
3649:McDermott, James,
3611:(1986), 274 pages.
3570:Gipson, Lawrence.
3365:East India Company
3314:(1889) chapter 8,
3147:2011-07-16 at the
2924:McDermott, James.
2744:Andrews, Kenneth.
2650:Ireland: A History
2648:Bartlett, Thomas.
2490:Dog Island, Gambia
2451:(British Honduras)
2204:: Calais had been
2176:Henry V of England
2158:Treaty of BrΓ©tigny
2150:Hundred Years' War
2138:Duchy of Aquitaine
2071:East India Company
1997:, claimant to the
1986:
1972:
1915:East India Company
1801:East India Company
1784:
1359:Connecticut Colony
1335:Dorchester Company
1311:, founded 1623 by
1188:
1079:Colony of Virginia
1019:
1013:Captain John Smith
724:East India Company
673:Sir Walter Raleigh
668:
584:North West Passage
562:
466:Anglo-Spanish Wars
432:North West Passage
301:Hundred Years' War
253:House of KnΓ½tlinga
245:Kingdom of England
240:
144:In North America,
52:Kingdom of England
44:
8087:
8086:
8018:Malayan Emergency
7928:Malabar rebellion
7789:Siege of Malakand
7735:Anglo-Manipur War
7591:Anglo-Persian War
7140:Anglo-Spanish War
7092:King George's War
7013:King Philip's War
6989:Anglo-Spanish War
6868:
6867:
6825:
6824:
6701:
6700:
6633:Providence Island
6613:
6612:
6578:
6577:
6446:Western Australia
6414:Van Diemen's Land
6350:
6349:
6327:Associated States
6025:Columbia District
5859:
5858:
5713:Manila and Cavite
5531:
5530:
5410:Southern Rhodesia
5404:South-West Africa
5354:Northern Rhodesia
5266:Cape of Good Hope
5206:
5205:
5083:Current territory
5025:
5024:
4867:Church of England
3825:Wars of the Roses
3703:Caribbean Studies
3687:Quinn, David B.,
3635:Knorr, Klaus E.,
3614:James, Lawrence,
3607:Greene, Jack P.,
3549:Ferguson, Niall,
3450:978-0-5210-4544-5
3418:(1978) p. 54
3380:Ramaswami, N. S.
3203:Canny, Nicholas.
3110:978-0-8078-3321-6
3089:Caribbean Studies
3004:Sir Francis Drake
2952:Fletcher, Francis
2866:Canny, Nicholas.
2765:Ferguson, Niall.
2597:Thirteen Colonies
2545:(Calcutta), India
2531:Fort James, Ghana
2433:, Central America
2265:Treaty of Nonsuch
2182:in 1420; his son
2168:Kingdom of France
2120:remained English.
2102:Duchy of Normandy
1999:Portuguese throne
1923:Bombay Presidency
1694:Sir Francis Drake
1628:captured by Spain
1622:, settled by the
1458:Was divided into
1417:Massachusetts Bay
1375:, founded in 1634
1365:, founded in 1633
1295:Province of Maine
1057:Elizabeth Islands
1040:, in present-day
734:on the island of
608:Sir Francis Drake
596:Church of England
580:Blackwall, London
317:Duchy of Normandy
273:conquered England
170:Massachusetts Bay
105:, beginning with
8127:
8100:Overseas empires
8036:Cyprus Emergency
7862:Maritz rebellion
7850:Tibet expedition
7783:Benin Expedition
7603:Indian Rebellion
7597:Second Opium War
7579:Eureka Rebellion
7555:British Honduras
7531:New Zealand Wars
7116:Seven Years' War
7062:Queen Anne's War
6895:
6888:
6881:
6872:
6871:
6858:
6848:
6847:
6813:Antarctic Treaty
6774:
6761:
6746:Falkland Islands
6738:Tristan da Cunha
6730:Ascension Island
6707:
6706:
6658:Falkland Islands
6619:
6618:
6587:Now part of the
6459:Pitcairn Islands
6424:Auckland Islands
6393:
6392:
6379:
6372:
6365:
6356:
6355:
6341:Windward Islands
6295:Vancouver Island
6072:MassachusettsBay
5941:British Columbia
5865:
5864:
5681:Federated States
5537:
5536:
5447:Tristan da Cunha
5416:Southern Nigeria
5348:Northern Nigeria
5227:Ascension Island
5212:
5211:
5168:
5105:
5104:
5079:Former territory
5076:
5052:
5045:
5038:
5029:
5028:
4985:Royal supporters
4832:English language
4079:Council of State
4069:King's Secretary
4062:House of Commons
4047:Magnum Concilium
3945:Maritime history
3906:Exclusion Crisis
3889:The Protectorate
3748:
3741:
3734:
3725:
3724:
3522:Dalziel, Nigel,
3497:full text online
3465:
3459:
3453:
3438:
3432:
3425:
3419:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3391:
3385:
3378:
3372:
3362:
3356:
3353:
3347:
3337:
3331:
3324:
3318:
3308:
3302:
3296:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3271:
3265:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3222:
3216:
3201:
3195:
3186:
3180:
3173:
3164:
3157:
3151:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3080:
3074:
3068:
3062:
3057:Quinn, David B.
3055:
3049:
3048:
3030:
3024:
3021:
3015:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2973:
2967:
2949:
2940:
2922:
2916:
2915:
2897:
2891:
2885:
2879:
2864:
2858:
2857:
2841:
2828:
2822:
2819:
2813:
2798:
2792:
2789:
2783:
2776:
2770:
2763:
2757:
2742:
2736:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2706:
2703:
2697:
2694:
2688:
2685:
2679:
2676:
2670:
2667:
2661:
2646:
2640:
2625:
2619:
2612:
2582:North Sea Empire
2368:Turks and Caicos
2322:British colonies
2275:captured Dunkirk
2253:Cautionary Towns
2237:Treaty of London
2219:Treaty of Troyes
2180:Treaty of Troyes
2083:Tristan da Cunha
1829:Coromandel Coast
1753:Falkland Islands
1719:Elizabeth Island
1706:Treaty of Madrid
1692:were visited by
1437:Native Americans
1403:Gardiners Island
1397:New Haven Colony
1361:, later part of
1246:Avalon Peninsula
1200:began to settle
1184:Humphrey Gilbert
1072:Virginia Company
972:to establish an
879:, essentially a
875:established the
849:, among others.
807:charter colonies
775:Virginia Company
699:and 1617 to the
639:Humphrey Gilbert
616:Elizabeth Island
576:Martin Frobisher
570:Financed by the
522:West Country men
464:. Later, as the
269:Duke of Normandy
8135:
8134:
8130:
8129:
8128:
8126:
8125:
8124:
8090:
8089:
8088:
8083:
8024:Kenya Emergency
7830:
7824:
7819:Second Boer War
7813:Boxer Rebellion
7741:Pahang Uprising
7621:Ambela campaign
7543:RΓo de la Plata
7525:First Opium War
7507:Aden Expedition
7339:RΓo de la Plata
7301:
7295:
7266:Irish Rebellion
7158:First Carib War
7054:
7048:
6971:Confederate War
6965:Irish Rebellion
6915:
6909:
6899:
6869:
6864:
6821:
6794:
6768:
6766:Ross Dependency
6755:
6712:
6697:
6672:
6624:
6609:
6579:
6574:
6530:
6525:Solomon Islands
6472:North Australia
6452:South Australia
6408:New South Wales
6386:
6383:
6346:
6066:Leeward Islands
5870:
5855:
5818:
5725:Muscat and Oman
5542:
5527:
5471:
5217:
5202:
5166:
5110:
5099:
5074:
5066:
5056:
5026:
5021:
5015:St George's Day
4990:Royal standards
4973:College of Arms
4939:
4891:
4848:
4818:
4775:
4721:
4030:
4012:
3949:
3896:The Restoration
3840:Elizabethan era
3793:Norman Conquest
3757:
3752:
3722:
3563:Foley, Arthur,
3519:(London, 1685).
3508:Black, Jeremy,
3481:(1921), to 1690
3473:
3471:Further reading
3468:
3460:
3456:
3440:Carsten, F. L.
3439:
3435:
3426:
3422:
3414:
3410:
3400:
3398:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3379:
3375:
3363:
3359:
3354:
3350:
3338:
3334:
3325:
3321:
3309:
3305:
3297:
3293:
3284:
3282:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3248:
3244:
3235:
3233:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3202:
3198:
3187:
3183:
3174:
3167:
3158:
3154:
3149:Wayback Machine
3139:The Bermudian:
3136:
3132:
3123:
3121:
3111:
3081:
3077:
3069:
3065:
3056:
3052:
3031:
3027:
3022:
3018:
3001:
2997:
2987:
2985:
2974:
2970:
2960:Hakluyt Society
2950:
2943:
2923:
2919:
2898:
2894:
2886:
2882:
2865:
2861:
2854:
2829:
2825:
2820:
2816:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2786:
2777:
2773:
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2760:
2743:
2739:
2722:
2718:
2713:
2709:
2704:
2700:
2695:
2691:
2686:
2682:
2677:
2673:
2668:
2664:
2647:
2643:
2626:
2622:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2558:
2504:, North America
2458:(Madras), India
2376:
2330:
2310:
2128:County of Maine
2124:County of Anjou
2118:Channel Islands
2114:Treaty of Paris
2098:
2092:
2075:Oliver Cromwell
2053:King Charles II
2049:English Tangier
2041:. In 1684, the
1964:
1887:King Charles II
1785:
1781:
1766:
1715:
1702:Oliver Cromwell
1671:Treaty of Breda
1586:
1522:Delaware Colony
1385:Saybrook Colony
1273:Plymouth Colony
1189:
1182:
1150:in present-day
1020:
1016:
1005:
1000:
962:
956:
873:King Charles II
669:
659:
572:Muscovy Company
568:
563:
560:
558:Queen Elizabeth
533:Queen Elizabeth
510:
474:Richard Hakluyt
373:Earl of Desmond
313:Channel Islands
241:
222:
208:, and parts of
115:King Charles II
42:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8133:
8123:
8122:
8117:
8112:
8110:Colonial India
8107:
8102:
8085:
8084:
8082:
8081:
8075:
8069:
8063:
8057:
8051:
8045:
8039:
8033:
8027:
8021:
8015:
8009:
8003:
7997:
7991:
7985:
7979:
7973:
7967:
7964:Barzani revolt
7961:
7955:
7949:
7943:
7937:
7931:
7925:
7919:
7913:
7907:
7901:
7895:
7889:
7883:
7877:
7871:
7865:
7859:
7853:
7847:
7841:
7834:
7832:
7826:
7825:
7823:
7822:
7816:
7810:
7804:
7801:Tirah campaign
7798:
7792:
7786:
7780:
7774:
7768:
7762:
7756:
7750:
7744:
7738:
7732:
7726:
7720:
7714:
7711:Central Africa
7708:
7702:
7696:
7690:
7684:
7681:First Boer War
7678:
7672:
7666:
7663:Anglo-Zulu War
7660:
7654:
7648:
7642:
7636:
7630:
7624:
7618:
7612:
7606:
7600:
7594:
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7420:
7414:
7408:
7402:
7396:
7390:
7384:
7378:
7372:
7366:
7360:
7354:
7351:Froberg mutiny
7348:
7342:
7336:
7330:
7324:
7318:
7312:
7305:
7303:
7297:
7296:
7294:
7293:
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7113:
7107:
7101:
7095:
7089:
7083:
7077:
7071:
7065:
7058:
7056:
7050:
7049:
7047:
7046:
7040:
7034:
7031:Williamite War
7028:
7022:
7016:
7010:
7004:
6998:
6992:
6986:
6980:
6974:
6968:
6962:
6956:
6950:
6944:
6938:
6932:
6926:
6919:
6917:
6911:
6910:
6907:British Empire
6898:
6897:
6890:
6883:
6875:
6866:
6865:
6863:
6862:
6852:
6842:
6836:
6830:
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6809:
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6703:
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6698:
6696:
6695:
6688:
6677:
6674:
6673:
6671:
6670:
6662:
6654:
6648:
6642:
6639:Willoughbyland
6636:
6629:
6626:
6625:
6615:
6614:
6611:
6610:
6608:
6607:
6597:
6591:
6584:
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6469:
6463:
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6421:
6411:
6404:
6401:
6400:
6397:
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6374:
6367:
6359:
6352:
6351:
6348:
6347:
6345:
6344:
6338:
6332:
6331:
6330:
6318:
6312:
6306:
6302:Virgin Islands
6298:
6292:
6284:
6278:
6272:
6269:South Carolina
6266:
6260:
6253:
6246:
6239:
6233:
6227:
6221:
6215:
6205:
6199:
6193:
6187:
6181:
6175:
6169:
6166:North Carolina
6163:
6157:
6151:
6145:
6139:
6133:
6127:
6121:
6115:
6109:
6103:
6100:Mosquito Coast
6097:
6089:
6083:
6082:
6081:
6069:
6063:
6056:
6050:
6044:
6038:
6032:
6029:Oregon Country
6022:
6018:Cayman Islands
6014:
6008:
6007:
6006:
6000:
5994:
5988:
5976:
5969:
5963:
5957:
5951:
5950:
5949:
5938:
5932:
5924:
5917:
5911:
5905:
5898:
5891:
5884:
5875:
5872:
5871:
5861:
5860:
5857:
5856:
5854:
5853:
5847:
5838:
5823:
5820:
5819:
5817:
5816:
5810:
5807:Trucial States
5804:
5798:
5792:
5786:
5780:
5779:
5778:
5766:
5760:
5754:
5748:
5742:
5741:
5740:
5728:
5722:
5716:
5710:
5704:
5703:
5702:
5696:
5690:
5684:
5672:
5666:
5660:
5654:
5648:
5642:
5636:
5630:
5624:
5618:
5602:
5596:
5590:
5584:
5574:
5568:
5567:
5566:
5554:
5547:
5544:
5543:
5533:
5532:
5529:
5528:
5526:
5525:
5519:
5500:Self-governing
5497:
5483:
5476:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5463:
5457:
5451:
5443:
5437:
5431:
5425:
5419:
5413:
5407:
5401:
5395:
5389:
5383:
5377:
5369:
5363:
5357:
5351:
5345:
5339:
5333:
5327:
5321:
5315:
5309:
5303:
5293:
5287:
5281:
5275:
5272:Central Africa
5269:
5263:
5257:
5251:
5241:
5231:
5222:
5219:
5218:
5208:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5201:
5200:
5194:
5193:
5192:
5186:
5177:
5176:
5175:
5160:
5157:Ionian Islands
5154:
5148:
5140:
5134:
5128:
5115:
5112:
5111:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5097:
5091:
5085:
5080:
5077:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5060:British Empire
5055:
5054:
5047:
5040:
5032:
5023:
5022:
5020:
5019:
5018:
5017:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4976:
4975:
4965:
4960:
4949:
4947:
4941:
4940:
4938:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4910:English Gothic
4907:
4901:
4899:
4893:
4892:
4890:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4858:
4856:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4846:
4845:
4844:
4837:English people
4834:
4828:
4826:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4785:
4783:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4772:
4771:
4766:
4756:
4755:
4754:
4752:New Model Army
4744:
4743:
4742:
4731:
4729:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4146:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4129:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4087:
4086:
4084:Lord Protector
4081:
4071:
4066:
4065:
4064:
4059:
4057:House of Lords
4049:
4044:
4039:
4033:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4023:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3959:
3957:
3951:
3950:
3948:
3947:
3942:
3941:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3920:
3919:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3893:
3892:
3891:
3886:
3876:
3875:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3862:Gunpowder Plot
3859:
3849:
3844:
3843:
3842:
3837:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3810:Angevin Empire
3807:
3806:
3805:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3773:
3767:
3765:
3759:
3758:
3751:
3750:
3743:
3736:
3728:
3721:
3720:
3719:(new ed. 2010)
3713:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3668:
3661:
3654:
3647:
3640:
3633:
3626:
3619:
3612:
3605:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3568:
3561:
3554:
3547:
3545:online edition
3537:
3535:online edition
3527:
3526:(2006), 144 pp
3520:
3513:
3506:
3499:
3489:
3482:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3466:
3454:
3433:
3420:
3408:
3386:
3373:
3357:
3348:
3332:
3319:
3303:
3291:
3266:
3242:
3217:
3196:
3181:
3165:
3159:Taylor, Alan.
3152:
3130:
3109:
3095:(2): 296β299.
3075:
3063:
3050:
3025:
3016:
3002:Sugden, John.
2995:
2968:
2941:
2917:
2892:
2880:
2859:
2852:
2823:
2814:
2793:
2784:
2778:Thomas, Hugh.
2771:
2758:
2737:
2723:Hill, George.
2716:
2707:
2698:
2689:
2680:
2671:
2662:
2641:
2620:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2562:Angevin Empire
2557:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2546:
2539:
2533:
2527:
2521:
2511:
2505:
2502:New Netherland
2498:
2492:
2482:
2479:Cayman Islands
2471:
2465:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2434:
2431:Mosquito Coast
2423:
2417:
2406:
2396:
2389:
2383:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2356:
2351:
2349:Cayman Islands
2346:
2341:
2336:
2329:
2326:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2304:
2282:
2268:
2250:
2240:
2231:following the
2222:
2202:Pale of Calais
2199:
2194:in 1475, when
2165:
2135:
2121:
2096:Angevin Empire
2091:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2067:South Atlantic
2060:
2046:
2003:letters patent
1963:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1944:
1926:
1893:, daughter of
1880:
1869:Fort St George
1866:
1832:
1822:
1812:
1797:City of London
1774:Fort St George
1767:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1750:
1743:Mosquito Coast
1740:
1730:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1690:Cayman Islands
1686:
1680:
1674:
1664:
1646:
1637:
1636:, settled 1632
1631:
1617:
1616:, settled 1628
1611:
1601:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1565:British colony
1561:
1560:
1559:
1556:South Carolina
1549:
1546:North Carolina
1529:
1519:
1509:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1450:
1444:
1409:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1366:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1328:
1315:
1305:South Falkland
1302:
1292:
1282:
1281:
1280:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1257:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1214:Bristol's Hope
1211:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1160:Chesapeake Bay
1148:Kennebec River
1137:
1127:
1099:North Atlantic
1092:
1068:
1049:
1042:North Carolina
1038:Roanoke Colony
1035:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
984:Board of Trade
958:Main article:
955:
952:
920:New Netherland
912:Fort Amsterdam
899:in Africa and
860:and 23,000 in
837:. The town of
797:which settled
767:Royal charters
761:colonies with
713:Roanoke Colony
660:
658:
655:
582:, seeking the
567:
564:
556:
550:
509:
506:
309:Pale of Calais
289:Angevin Empire
257:personal union
223:
221:
218:
194:New Netherland
111:Fort St George
64:British Empire
40:
29:Angevin Empire
21:British Empire
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8132:
8121:
8118:
8116:
8115:British India
8113:
8111:
8108:
8106:
8103:
8101:
8098:
8097:
8095:
8079:
8076:
8073:
8070:
8067:
8064:
8061:
8058:
8055:
8052:
8049:
8046:
8043:
8040:
8037:
8034:
8031:
8028:
8025:
8022:
8019:
8016:
8013:
8010:
8007:
8004:
8001:
7998:
7995:
7992:
7989:
7986:
7983:
7980:
7977:
7974:
7971:
7968:
7965:
7962:
7959:
7956:
7953:
7952:Ikhwan revolt
7950:
7947:
7944:
7941:
7938:
7935:
7932:
7929:
7926:
7923:
7920:
7917:
7914:
7911:
7908:
7905:
7902:
7899:
7896:
7893:
7890:
7887:
7884:
7881:
7878:
7875:
7872:
7869:
7866:
7863:
7860:
7857:
7854:
7851:
7848:
7845:
7842:
7839:
7836:
7835:
7833:
7827:
7820:
7817:
7814:
7811:
7808:
7805:
7802:
7799:
7796:
7793:
7790:
7787:
7784:
7781:
7778:
7775:
7772:
7769:
7766:
7763:
7760:
7757:
7754:
7751:
7748:
7745:
7742:
7739:
7736:
7733:
7730:
7727:
7724:
7721:
7718:
7715:
7712:
7709:
7706:
7703:
7700:
7697:
7694:
7691:
7688:
7685:
7682:
7679:
7676:
7673:
7670:
7667:
7664:
7661:
7658:
7655:
7652:
7649:
7646:
7643:
7640:
7637:
7634:
7631:
7628:
7625:
7622:
7619:
7616:
7613:
7610:
7607:
7604:
7601:
7598:
7595:
7592:
7589:
7586:
7583:
7580:
7577:
7574:
7571:
7568:
7565:
7562:
7559:
7556:
7553:
7550:
7547:
7544:
7541:
7538:
7535:
7532:
7529:
7526:
7523:
7520:
7517:
7514:
7511:
7508:
7505:
7502:
7499:
7496:
7493:
7490:
7487:
7484:
7481:
7478:
7475:
7472:
7469:
7466:
7463:
7460:
7457:
7454:
7451:
7448:
7445:
7442:
7439:
7436:
7433:
7430:
7427:
7424:
7421:
7418:
7415:
7412:
7409:
7406:
7403:
7400:
7399:Spice Islands
7397:
7394:
7391:
7388:
7385:
7382:
7379:
7376:
7373:
7370:
7367:
7364:
7361:
7358:
7357:Santo Domingo
7355:
7352:
7349:
7346:
7343:
7340:
7337:
7334:
7331:
7328:
7325:
7322:
7319:
7316:
7313:
7310:
7307:
7306:
7304:
7298:
7291:
7288:
7285:
7282:
7279:
7276:
7273:
7270:
7267:
7264:
7261:
7258:
7255:
7252:
7249:
7246:
7243:
7240:
7237:
7234:
7231:
7228:
7225:
7222:
7219:
7216:
7213:
7210:
7207:
7204:
7201:
7198:
7195:
7192:
7189:
7186:
7183:
7180:
7177:
7174:
7171:
7168:
7165:
7162:
7159:
7156:
7153:
7150:
7147:
7146:Pontiac's War
7144:
7141:
7138:
7135:
7132:
7129:
7126:
7123:
7120:
7117:
7114:
7111:
7108:
7105:
7102:
7099:
7098:Carnatic Wars
7096:
7093:
7090:
7087:
7084:
7081:
7078:
7075:
7072:
7069:
7068:Tuscarora War
7066:
7063:
7060:
7059:
7057:
7051:
7044:
7041:
7038:
7035:
7032:
7029:
7026:
7023:
7020:
7017:
7014:
7011:
7008:
7005:
7002:
6999:
6996:
6993:
6990:
6987:
6984:
6981:
6978:
6975:
6972:
6969:
6966:
6963:
6960:
6957:
6954:
6951:
6948:
6945:
6942:
6939:
6936:
6933:
6930:
6927:
6924:
6921:
6920:
6918:
6912:
6908:
6904:
6896:
6891:
6889:
6884:
6882:
6877:
6876:
6873:
6861:
6857:
6853:
6851:
6843:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6831:
6828:
6817:
6814:
6810:
6807:
6806:
6801:
6800:
6797:
6790:
6789:
6785:
6782:
6781:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6764:
6759:
6754:
6751:
6748:
6747:
6743:
6740:
6739:
6735:
6732:
6731:
6727:
6724:
6723:
6719:
6718:
6715:
6708:
6704:
6693:
6692:Falklands War
6689:
6687:
6683:
6679:
6678:
6675:
6668:
6667:
6663:
6660:
6659:
6655:
6652:
6649:
6646:
6643:
6640:
6637:
6634:
6631:
6630:
6627:
6623:South America
6620:
6616:
6606:
6602:
6598:
6596:
6592:
6590:
6586:
6585:
6582:
6570:
6567:
6564:
6561:
6558:
6554:
6551:
6547:
6544:
6541:
6538:
6535:
6534:
6532:
6526:
6522:
6519:
6516:
6513:
6512:Union Islands
6510:
6507:
6503:
6500:
6497:
6494:
6491:
6488:
6485:
6482:
6479:
6476:
6473:
6470:
6467:
6464:
6461:
6460:
6456:
6453:
6450:
6447:
6443:
6440:
6437:
6434:
6431:
6428:
6425:
6422:
6419:
6415:
6412:
6409:
6406:
6405:
6403:
6402:
6398:
6395:
6394:
6389:
6380:
6375:
6373:
6368:
6366:
6361:
6360:
6357:
6353:
6342:
6339:
6336:
6333:
6328:
6325:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6316:
6313:
6310:
6307:
6304:
6303:
6299:
6296:
6293:
6290:
6289:
6285:
6282:
6279:
6276:
6273:
6270:
6267:
6264:
6261:
6258:
6254:
6251:
6247:
6244:
6240:
6237:
6234:
6231:
6228:
6225:
6224:Rupert's Land
6222:
6219:
6216:
6213:
6209:
6206:
6203:
6200:
6197:
6194:
6191:
6188:
6185:
6184:Paulet affair
6182:
6179:
6176:
6173:
6170:
6167:
6164:
6161:
6158:
6155:
6152:
6149:
6146:
6143:
6140:
6137:
6134:
6131:
6130:New Hampshire
6128:
6125:
6122:
6119:
6118:New Brunswick
6116:
6113:
6110:
6107:
6104:
6101:
6098:
6095:
6094:
6090:
6087:
6084:
6079:
6076:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6067:
6064:
6061:
6057:
6054:
6051:
6048:
6045:
6042:
6039:
6036:
6033:
6030:
6026:
6023:
6020:
6019:
6015:
6012:
6009:
6004:
6001:
5998:
5995:
5992:
5989:
5986:
5983:
5982:
5981:
5977:
5974:
5970:
5967:
5964:
5961:
5958:
5955:
5952:
5948:
5945:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5936:
5933:
5930:
5929:
5925:
5922:
5918:
5915:
5912:
5909:
5906:
5903:
5899:
5896:
5892:
5889:
5885:
5882:
5881:
5877:
5876:
5873:
5869:North America
5866:
5862:
5852:
5848:
5846:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5833:
5829:
5825:
5824:
5821:
5814:
5811:
5808:
5805:
5802:
5799:
5796:
5793:
5790:
5789:South Vietnam
5787:
5784:
5781:
5776:
5773:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5764:
5761:
5758:
5755:
5752:
5749:
5746:
5743:
5738:
5735:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5726:
5723:
5720:
5717:
5714:
5711:
5708:
5705:
5700:
5697:
5694:
5691:
5688:
5685:
5682:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5670:
5667:
5664:
5661:
5658:
5655:
5652:
5649:
5646:
5643:
5640:
5637:
5634:
5631:
5628:
5625:
5622:
5619:
5616:
5612:
5608:
5607:
5603:
5600:
5597:
5594:
5591:
5588:
5585:
5582:
5578:
5575:
5572:
5569:
5564:
5561:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5552:
5549:
5548:
5545:
5538:
5534:
5524:
5520:
5517:
5513:
5509:
5505:
5501:
5498:
5495:
5491:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5478:
5477:
5474:
5467:
5464:
5461:
5458:
5455:
5452:
5449:
5448:
5444:
5441:
5438:
5435:
5432:
5429:
5426:
5423:
5420:
5417:
5414:
5411:
5408:
5405:
5402:
5399:
5396:
5393:
5390:
5387:
5384:
5381:
5378:
5375:
5374:
5370:
5367:
5364:
5361:
5358:
5355:
5352:
5349:
5346:
5343:
5340:
5337:
5334:
5331:
5328:
5325:
5322:
5319:
5316:
5313:
5310:
5307:
5304:
5301:
5297:
5294:
5291:
5288:
5285:
5282:
5279:
5276:
5273:
5270:
5267:
5264:
5261:
5258:
5255:
5252:
5249:
5245:
5242:
5239:
5235:
5232:
5229:
5228:
5224:
5223:
5220:
5213:
5209:
5198:
5195:
5190:
5187:
5184:
5181:
5180:
5178:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5164:
5161:
5158:
5155:
5152:
5149:
5146:
5145:
5141:
5138:
5135:
5132:
5129:
5126:
5122:
5121:
5117:
5116:
5113:
5106:
5102:
5096:
5092:
5090:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5078:
5073:
5072:
5069:
5065:
5061:
5053:
5048:
5046:
5041:
5039:
5034:
5033:
5030:
5016:
5013:
5012:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4954:
4953:National flag
4951:
4950:
4948:
4946:
4942:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4898:
4894:
4888:
4887:Country dance
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4855:
4851:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4825:
4821:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4782:
4778:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4761:
4760:
4757:
4753:
4750:
4749:
4748:
4745:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4728:
4724:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4547:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4170:
4169:Temp. incert.
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4096:Privy Council
4094:
4092:
4089:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4054:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4015:
4009:
4008:Orange-Nassau
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3956:
3952:
3946:
3943:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3921:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3897:
3894:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3880:
3877:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3853:
3852:Stuart period
3850:
3848:
3845:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3832:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3799:
3798:Anglo-Normans
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3749:
3744:
3742:
3737:
3735:
3730:
3729:
3726:
3718:
3714:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3697:
3693:
3690:
3686:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3672:
3669:
3666:
3662:
3659:
3655:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3641:
3638:
3634:
3631:
3627:
3624:
3620:
3617:
3613:
3610:
3606:
3604:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3588:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3569:
3566:
3562:
3559:
3555:
3552:
3548:
3546:
3542:
3538:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3525:
3521:
3518:
3514:
3511:
3507:
3504:
3500:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3487:
3483:
3480:
3476:
3475:
3463:
3458:
3451:
3447:
3443:
3437:
3431:(1973) p. 410
3430:
3427:David, M. D.
3424:
3417:
3412:
3396:
3390:
3383:
3377:
3370:
3366:
3361:
3352:
3346:
3342:
3336:
3329:
3323:
3317:
3313:
3307:
3300:
3295:
3280:
3276:
3270:
3263:
3262:0-9730-2712-6
3259:
3255:
3251:
3250:O'Neill, Paul
3246:
3231:
3227:
3221:
3214:
3213:0-1992-4676-9
3210:
3206:
3200:
3193:
3191:
3185:
3178:
3172:
3170:
3163:(2012), p. 78
3162:
3156:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3134:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3079:
3072:
3067:
3060:
3054:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3029:
3020:
3013:
3012:0-7126-2038-9
3009:
3005:
2999:
2983:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2948:
2946:
2939:
2935:
2934:0-3000-8380-7
2931:
2927:
2921:
2913:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2884:
2877:
2876:0-1992-4676-9
2873:
2869:
2863:
2855:
2853:0-1420-0210-0
2849:
2845:
2840:
2839:
2833:
2827:
2818:
2811:
2810:0-1987-3134-5
2807:
2803:
2797:
2788:
2781:
2775:
2768:
2762:
2755:
2754:0-5212-7698-5
2751:
2747:
2741:
2734:
2733:0-9401-3442-X
2730:
2726:
2720:
2711:
2702:
2693:
2684:
2675:
2666:
2659:
2658:0-5211-9720-1
2655:
2651:
2645:
2638:
2637:1-8528-5018-3
2634:
2630:
2624:
2617:
2611:
2607:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2520:
2519:Rupert's Land
2516:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2503:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2422:
2418:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2394:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2377:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:, as part of
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2314:Great Britain
2302:
2301:Great Britain
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2186:succeeded as
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:in 1259. The
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1968:
1956:
1952:
1951:Hooghly River
1948:
1945:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1874:
1871:, at Madras (
1870:
1867:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1826:
1825:Machilipatnam
1823:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1594:Olive Blossom
1591:
1588:
1587:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1472:Rupert's Land
1470:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1322:New Hampshire
1319:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:, granted to
1286:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1254:Placentia Bay
1251:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1220:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1165:
1164:45th parallel
1161:
1157:
1156:38th parallel
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1140:Popham Colony
1138:
1135:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1061:Massachusetts
1058:
1055:, one of the
1054:
1050:
1047:
1046:Virginia Dare
1043:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1014:
1010:
995:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
976:
971:
970:Privy Council
967:
961:
951:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
924:New Amsterdam
921:
917:
913:
908:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
869:
867:
863:
859:
855:
850:
848:
844:
840:
836:
835:
830:
826:
822:
820:
819:Pacific Ocean
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
751:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
716:
714:
710:
706:
705:South America
702:
701:Orinoco River
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
681:North America
678:
674:
664:
654:
652:
648:
644:
640:
635:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
614:. He claimed
613:
609:
604:
602:
597:
593:
592:Baffin Island
589:
588:Frobisher Bay
585:
581:
577:
573:
559:
554:
549:
547:
542:
538:
537:North America
534:
530:
525:
523:
519:
515:
505:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
452:
448:
443:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
424:Spice Islands
421:
417:
414:commissioned
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
388:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
361:County Offaly
358:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
293:British Isles
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
238:
237:
232:
229:A replica of
227:
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
162:New Hampshire
159:
155:
151:
147:
142:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
101:, and in the
100:
96:
92:
88:
87:trading posts
84:
80:
76:
75:North America
72:
67:
65:
61:
57:
56:Acts of Union
53:
49:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
7922:Iraqi Revolt
7777:Matabeleland
7753:North Borneo
7747:Matabeleland
7699:Saskatchewan
7501:Upper Canada
7495:Lower Canada
7453:Persian Gulf
7369:Persian Gulf
7309:Newfoundland
7290:Polygar Wars
7260:Kandyan Wars
7212:Nootka Sound
6902:
6803:
6786:
6778:
6744:
6736:
6728:
6722:Saint Helena
6720:
6664:
6656:
6506:Cook Islands
6457:
6430:New Hebrides
6399:20th century
6315:West Florida
6300:
6286:
6218:Rhode Island
6196:Pennsylvania
6154:Newfoundland
6091:
6016:
5966:East Florida
5937:16th c.β1880
5926:
5878:
5775:Crown Colony
5763:Pulo Condore
5737:Crown Colony
5731:North Borneo
5604:
5563:Protectorate
5512:unrecognised
5506:in 1965 (as
5445:
5398:South Africa
5386:Sierra Leone
5373:Saint Helena
5371:
5366:Orange River
5244:Bechuanaland
5225:
5183:Protectorate
5142:
5118:
5082:
5062:and Current
4995:Crown Jewels
4980:Royal badges
4968:Coat of arms
4897:Architecture
4882:Morris dance
4824:Demographics
4747:English Army
4544:
4168:
4133:Star Chamber
3955:Royal Houses
3938:Protectorate
3922:
3867:Jacobean era
3830:Tudor period
3716:
3702:
3695:
3688:
3681:
3674:
3664:
3657:
3650:
3643:
3636:
3629:
3622:
3615:
3608:
3594:
3578:
3571:
3564:
3557:
3550:
3540:
3530:
3523:
3516:
3509:
3502:
3492:
3485:
3478:
3457:
3441:
3436:
3428:
3423:
3415:
3411:
3399:. Retrieved
3389:
3381:
3376:
3368:
3360:
3355:Canny, p. 71
3351:
3340:
3335:
3327:
3322:
3311:
3306:
3294:
3283:. Retrieved
3278:
3269:
3253:
3245:
3234:. Retrieved
3229:
3220:
3204:
3199:
3188:
3184:
3176:
3160:
3155:
3140:
3133:
3122:. Retrieved
3092:
3088:
3078:
3070:
3066:
3058:
3053:
3038:
3028:
3019:
3003:
2998:
2986:. Retrieved
2981:
2971:
2955:
2925:
2920:
2905:
2895:
2883:
2867:
2862:
2837:
2832:Taylor, Alan
2826:
2817:
2801:
2796:
2787:
2779:
2774:
2766:
2761:
2745:
2740:
2724:
2719:
2710:
2701:
2692:
2683:
2674:
2665:
2649:
2644:
2628:
2623:
2615:
2610:
2537:Philadelphia
2488:, India and
2359:Saint Helena
2311:
2293:George Rooke
2187:
2063:Saint Helena
2023:James Island
2007:King James I
1991:Gambia River
1979:James Island
1858:
1626:in 1629 and
1593:
1516:Pennsylvania
1502:Rupert River
1493:
1485:
1479:
1341:Salem Colony
1309:Newfoundland
1239:
1226:Newfoundland
1208:Cuper's Cove
1202:Newfoundland
1109:
1031:
998:The Americas
979:
973:
963:
944:Pennsylvania
922:, including
916:Dutch colony
909:
870:
851:
832:
823:
811:land patents
799:Cuper's Cove
781:in 1607 and
752:
717:
670:
643:Newfoundland
636:
605:
569:
566:Early claims
526:
511:
444:
436:Newfoundland
389:
365:County Laois
325:
242:
234:
233:'s ship the
214:Pennsylvania
146:Newfoundland
143:
135:North Africa
129:, including
68:
47:
45:
33:
8042:Suez Crisis
7940:Transjordan
7844:West Africa
7821:(1899β1902)
7815:(1898β1901)
7807:Six-Day War
7755:(1894β1905)
7743:(1891β1895)
7723:Mashonaland
7687:Mahdist War
7627:Shimonoseki
7557:(1847β1901)
7467:(1824β1901)
7435:Cape Colony
7333:Cape Colony
7292:(1799β1805)
7286:(1799β1803)
7274:(1798β1800)
7262:(1796β1818)
7236:Cape Colony
7226:(1793β1806)
7208:(1788β1934)
7104:Nova Scotia
7074:Yamasee War
7045:(1694β1700)
7019:Child's War
7007:2nd Tangier
7001:1st Tangier
6997:(1655β1739)
6947:Saint Kitts
6925:(1593β1603)
6839:Anglosphere
6557:New Zealand
6466:New Zealand
6335:West Jersey
6250:Saint Lucia
6236:Saint Kitts
6230:Saint Croix
6210:1763β1791*
6178:Nova Scotia
6124:New England
6080:, 1691β1776
6047:East Jersey
6035:Connecticut
5914:Bay Islands
5801:Transjordan
5719:Mesopotamia
5557:Afghanistan
5551:Aden Colony
5336:Niger Coast
5302:) 1874β1957
5278:East Africa
5260:Cape Colony
5250:) 1884β1966
5240:) 1868β1966
4920:Elizabethan
4905:Anglo-Saxon
4126:Elizabethan
4116:Anglo-Saxon
4042:Curia regis
3983:Plantagenet
3933:Proprietary
3901:Popish Plot
3879:Interregnum
3803:The Anarchy
2988:January 23,
2812:), pp. 4β8.
2496:Saint Lucia
2481:, Caribbean
2463:The Bahamas
2444:, Caribbean
2416:, Caribbean
2414:Saint Kitts
2287:: In 1704,
2019:Fort Gambia
2005:. In 1618,
1993:: in 1588,
1983:Fort Gambia
1877:George Town
1793:East Indies
1757:John Strong
1649:The Bahamas
1644:Saint Kitts
1604:Saint Kitts
1498:Fort Rupert
1464:East Jersey
1460:West Jersey
1425:Connecticut
1363:Connecticut
1355:, 1654β1670
1353:Nova Scotia
1116:St George's
1111:Sea Venture
862:New England
854:West Indies
839:St George's
834:Sea Venture
763:Proprietors
759:proprietary
755:West Indies
728:East Indies
546:West Indies
462:West Africa
447:Reformation
400:West Indies
297:Plantagenet
281:Middle Ages
263:. In 1066,
261:Scandinavia
178:Connecticut
174:Nova Scotia
95:East Indies
83:West Indies
8094:Categories
7946:Pink's War
7838:Somaliland
7675:Basutoland
7429:Guadeloupe
7411:Xhosa Wars
7393:Seychelles
7375:Guadeloupe
7363:Martinique
7230:Rohilkhand
7194:Gold Coast
7164:Rohilkhand
7122:Bengal War
6959:Pequot War
6791:since 1908
6783:since 1908
6749:since 1833
6741:since 1816
6733:since 1815
6725:since 1658
6682:department
6669:since 1908
6661:since 1833
6462:since 1838
6442:Swan River
6436:Queensland
6323:1958β1962
6305:since 1666
6291:since 1799
6142:New Jersey
6112:New Albion
6096:since 1632
6093:Montserrat
6074:1629β1691
6021:since 1670
5943:1858β1866
5931:since 1619
5883:since 1650
5836:Bangladesh
5771:1841β1946
5733:1882β1963
5699:Federation
5677:1819β1826
5615:Seychelles
5559:1839β1842
5450:since 1816
5434:Tanganyika
5392:Somaliland
5380:Seychelles
5376:since 1658
5296:Gold Coast
5290:The Gambia
5234:Basutoland
5230:since 1815
5172:Free State
5165:1542β1800
5151:Heligoland
5147:since 1713
5000:Tudor rose
4930:Queen Anne
4759:Royal Navy
4111:Governance
4101:Ministries
4052:Parliament
3401:5 November
3285:2010-01-09
3236:2010-01-09
3124:2020-06-13
3014:), p. 118.
2603:References
2442:Montserrat
2354:Montserrat
2297:Royal Navy
2094:See also:
2015:Gold Coast
2011:the Gambia
1859:status quo
1634:Montserrat
1490:Hudson Bay
1177:Plaque at
1162:) and the
936:New Sweden
889:Portuguese
858:Chesapeake
847:privateers
748:Bangladesh
689:privateers
632:New Albion
628:California
516:after the
502:New France
492:, and the
451:privateers
416:John Cabot
404:Portuguese
277:Crown land
206:New Jersey
198:New Sweden
141:in India.
127:Portuguese
97:, such as
81:, and the
8078:Falklands
8074:(1963β67)
8068:(1962β66)
8062:(1962β90)
8050:(1962β76)
8038:(1955β59)
8032:(1954β59)
8026:(1952β60)
8020:(1948β60)
8014:(1946β50)
8006:Indonesia
8002:(1945β46)
8000:Indochina
7996:(1944β48)
7984:(1936β39)
7978:(1936β39)
7966:(1931β32)
7960:(1930β31)
7954:(1927β30)
7936:(1922β24)
7934:Kurdistan
7918:(1919β20)
7894:(1916β17)
7874:Nyasaland
7870:(1914β15)
7864:(1914β15)
7852:(1903β04)
7846:(1901β02)
7840:(1900β20)
7803:(1897β98)
7797:(1897β98)
7779:(1896β97)
7749:(1893β94)
7713:(1886β89)
7689:(1881β99)
7683:(1880β81)
7677:(1880β81)
7671:(1879β80)
7659:(1875β76)
7645:Abyssinia
7641:(1866β71)
7635:(1864β65)
7623:(1863β64)
7615:Kagoshima
7611:(1857β58)
7605:(1857β59)
7599:(1856β60)
7593:(1856β57)
7587:(1854β56)
7585:Γ
land War
7569:(1848β49)
7545:(1845β50)
7539:(1845β46)
7533:(1845β72)
7527:(1839β42)
7521:(1839β42)
7515:(1839β41)
7503:(1837β38)
7497:(1837β38)
7491:(1831β33)
7485:(1831β32)
7479:(1828β32)
7473:(1824β26)
7449:(1817β18)
7425:(1814β16)
7419:(1812β15)
7413:(1811β79)
7407:(1810β11)
7387:Mauritius
7359:(1808β09)
7341:(1806β07)
7317:(1803β05)
7280:(1798β99)
7250:(1795β96)
7244:(1795β96)
7220:(1789β92)
7196:(1781β82)
7190:(1779β84)
7184:(1775β82)
7178:(1775β83)
7166:(1773β74)
7160:(1769β73)
7154:(1765β71)
7148:(1763β66)
7142:(1762β63)
7130:(1758β61)
7124:(1756β65)
7118:(1756β63)
7112:(1754β63)
7106:(1749β55)
7100:(1746β63)
7094:(1744β48)
7088:(1740β42)
7082:(1722β25)
7076:(1715β17)
7070:(1711β15)
7064:(1702β13)
7039:(1688β97)
7033:(1688β91)
7021:(1686β90)
7015:(1675β78)
6991:(1654β60)
6985:(1654β67)
6979:(1649β53)
6973:(1641β53)
6961:(1634β38)
6931:(1609β46)
6775:1841β1947
6762:1841β1933
6653:1831β1966
6647:1670β1688
6641:1651β1667
6635:1631β1641
6565:1914β1962
6559:1907β1947
6552:1901β1942
6550:Australia
6545:1900β1974
6539:1900β1970
6527:1893β1978
6520:1892β1979
6514:1889β1948
6508:1888β1901
6502:Rarotonga
6498:1884β1902
6492:1877β1976
6486:1874β1970
6480:1851β1901
6474:1846β1847
6468:1841β1907
6454:1836β1901
6448:1829β1901
6438:1824β1901
6432:1824β1980
6426:1807β1863
6420:1803β1901
6410:1788β1901
6343:1833β1960
6337:1674β1702
6329:1967β1983
6317:1763β1783
6311:1607β1776
6297:1849β1866
6283:1889β1962
6277:1862β1863
6271:1712β1776
6265:1635β1644
6259:1627β1979
6252:1605β1979
6245:1882β1983
6238:1623β1983
6232:1625β1650
6226:1670β1870
6220:1636β1776
6214:1853β1863
6204:1620β1691
6198:1681β1776
6192:1763β1873
6180:1713β1867
6174:1859β1870
6168:1712β1776
6162:1583β1907
6156:1907β1949
6150:1664β1776
6138:1637β1662
6136:New Haven
6132:1680β1776
6126:1686β1689
6120:1784β1867
6108:1628β1983
6102:1655β1860
6088:1632β1776
6062:1655β1962
6055:1733β1776
6049:1674β1702
6043:1701β1776
6037:1636β1776
6031:1818β1846
6013:1663β1712
6005:1867β1931
5999:1841β1867
5993:1791β1841
5987:1791β1841
5975:1762β1974
5968:1763β1783
5962:1763β1978
5956:1754β1820
5947:1866β1871
5923:1871β1981
5916:1643β1860
5910:1624β1966
5904:1670β1973
5897:1860β1981
5890:1632β1860
5815:1898β1930
5809:1892β1971
5803:1921β1946
5797:1826β1946
5791:1945β1946
5785:1946β1963
5783:Singapore
5777:1946β1963
5765:1702β1705
5759:1786β1946
5753:1923β1948
5751:Palestine
5739:1946β1963
5727:1891β1971
5721:1920β1932
5715:1762β1764
5709:1796β1965
5701:1948β1957
5695:1946β1948
5689:1885β1946
5683:1895β1946
5671:1848β1946
5665:1918β1961
5659:1811β1816
5653:1858β1947
5647:1841β1997
5645:Hong Kong
5641:1878β1960
5635:1795β1948
5629:1888β1984
5623:1824β1948
5611:Mauritius
5601:1874β1963
5589:1757β1947
5583:1812β1824
5573:1685β1824
5571:Bencoolen
5565:1879β1919
5553:1839β1967
5468:1887β1897
5462:1890β1963
5456:1890β1962
5442:1900β1910
5440:Transvaal
5436:1922β1961
5430:1899β1956
5424:1893β1968
5422:Swaziland
5418:1900β1914
5406:1915β1931
5400:1910β1931
5394:1884β1960
5388:1792β1961
5382:1903β1976
5368:1900β1910
5362:1891β1964
5360:Nyasaland
5356:1924β1964
5350:1900β1914
5344:1914β1960
5338:1884β1900
5332:1856β1910
5326:1810β1968
5324:Mauritius
5320:1807β1808
5314:1862β1906
5308:1920β1963
5292:1816β1965
5286:1882β1922
5280:1895β1920
5274:1891β1907
5268:1806β1910
5262:1795β1803
5256:1919β1961
5254:Cameroons
5191:1813β1964
5185:1800β1813
5174:1921β1931
5159:1809β1864
5153:1807β1890
5144:Gibraltar
5139:1878β1960
5133:1794β1796
5087:*Current
5010:St George
4781:Geography
4546:1642β1660
4195:1422β1460
4190:1413β1421
4185:1399β1411
4180:1377β1397
4175:1327β1376
4163:1308β1325
4158:1275β1307
4153:1225β1267
3988:Lancaster
3968:KnΓ½tlinga
3872:Civil War
3781:Heptarchy
3452:), p. 427
3119:152211704
2550:Gibraltar
2344:Gibraltar
2285:Gibraltar
2079:Ascension
1929:Bencoolen
1863:Manhattan
1723:Cape Horn
1661:Eleuthera
1429:New Haven
1179:St John's
1053:Cuttyhunk
966:Exchequer
950:of 1674.
891:princess
871:In 1660,
843:New World
779:Jamestown
709:El Dorado
703:basin in
647:St John's
620:Cape Horn
601:Greenland
470:New World
387:in 1801.
369:Cork city
352:Connaught
321:the Crown
249:Γthelstan
182:New Haven
93:" in the
91:factories
85:, and by
8066:Malaysia
7988:Ethiopia
7886:Peshawar
7651:Manitoba
7633:Duar War
6929:Virginia
6850:Category
6686:Colombia
6601:Kiribati
6478:Victoria
6418:Tasmania
6309:Virginia
6275:Stickeen
6263:Saybrook
6202:Plymouth
6148:New York
6086:Maryland
6078:Province
6041:Delaware
6011:Carolina
6003:Dominion
5997:Province
5960:Dominica
5908:Barbados
5880:Anguilla
5851:disputed
5832:Pakistan
5707:Maldives
5581:Billiton
5508:Rhodesia
5494:Tanzania
5490:Cameroon
5466:Zululand
5460:Zanzibar
5248:Botswana
5005:Oak tree
4963:Heraldry
4935:Georgian
4925:Jacobean
4877:Folklore
4862:Religion
4789:Counties
4727:Military
4121:Medieval
4074:Monarchy
4021:Politics
3973:Normandy
3771:Timeline
3711:25612146
3343:(1927),
3256:, 2003,
3207:, 2001,
3145:Archived
2878:), p. 35
2834:(2001).
2756:) p. 45.
2660:) p. 40.
2639:), p. 53
2556:See also
2469:Anguilla
2410:Barbados
2374:Timeline
2334:Anguilla
2257:Flushing
2243:Le Havre
2221:in 1564.
2206:captured
2188:de facto
2164:in 1453.
2013:and the
1947:Calcutta
1937:garrison
1708:of 1670.
1667:Anguilla
1630:in 1641.
1608:Kalinago
1590:Barbados
1573:, later
1554:, later
1544:, later
1526:Delaware
1524:, later
1514:, later
1496:founded
1484:and the
1421:Plymouth
1373:Maryland
1371:, later
1331:Cape Ann
1320:, later
1232:Cambriol
1130:Henricus
1107:flagship
1091:in 1607.
940:Delaware
866:Barbados
787:spin-off
685:Virginia
482:Portugal
478:John Dee
420:Atlantic
406:and the
340:The Pale
210:Delaware
202:New York
186:Maryland
158:Plymouth
150:Virginia
89:called "
8060:Sarawak
8012:Sarawak
7904:Nigeria
7892:Mohmand
7880:Nigeria
7831:century
7489:Malacca
7483:Jamaica
7441:Algiers
7381:Reunion
7327:Surinam
7302:century
7248:Grenada
7242:Jamaica
7134:Jamaica
7055:century
6995:Jamaica
6923:Ireland
6916:century
6903:English
6841:culture
6595:Vanuatu
6385:Oceania
6060:Jamaica
6053:Georgia
5973:Grenada
5928:Bermuda
5902:Bahamas
5888:Antigua
5769:Sarawak
5481:Namibia
5342:Nigeria
5318:Madeira
5238:Lesotho
5197:Minorca
5163:Ireland
5131:Corsica
5058:Former
4945:Symbols
4872:Cuisine
4854:Culture
4814:Palaces
4809:Castles
4794:Islands
4769:History
4740:Warfare
4091:Peerage
3978:Angevin
3763:History
3587:1920835
3543:(1889)
3533:(1882)
3495:(1904)
2982:NPS.gov
2846:, 123.
2727:(2004,
2652:(2010,
2631:(2003,
2543:Kolkata
2509:Barbuda
2475:Jamaica
2456:Chennai
2438:Antigua
2395:, India
2387:Bermuda
2339:Bermuda
2271:Dunkirk
2225:Tournai
1949:on the
1941:Sumatra
1907:Dharavi
1873:Chennai
1847:James I
1805:factory
1799:of the
1683:Barbuda
1677:Jamaica
1657:Bermuda
1640:Antigua
1575:Georgia
1494:Nonsuch
1481:Nonsuch
1433:Puritan
1301:in 1677
1279:in 1691
1250:Calvert
1198:Bristol
1181:marking
1095:Bermuda
988:tobacco
897:Tangier
825:Bermuda
783:Bermuda
722:to the
720:charter
677:charter
651:leagues
454:Hawkins
422:to the
408:Spanish
392:voyages
344:Munster
332:Ireland
236:Matthew
220:Origins
131:Tangier
79:Bermuda
71:Ireland
8080:(1982)
8056:(1962)
8054:Brunei
8044:(1956)
8008:(1945)
7990:(1943)
7972:(1935)
7948:(1925)
7942:(1923)
7930:(1921)
7924:(1920)
7912:(1919)
7906:(1918)
7900:(1917)
7898:Quebec
7888:(1915)
7882:(1915)
7876:(1915)
7858:(1906)
7809:(1899)
7791:(1897)
7785:(1897)
7773:(1896)
7767:(1896)
7761:(1895)
7737:(1891)
7731:(1891)
7725:(1890)
7719:(1888)
7717:Hazara
7707:(1885)
7701:(1885)
7695:(1882)
7665:(1879)
7653:(1870)
7647:(1868)
7629:(1864)
7617:(1863)
7581:(1854)
7575:(1852)
7563:(1848)
7561:Ceylon
7551:(1847)
7549:Canton
7509:(1839)
7461:(1823)
7459:Guiana
7455:(1819)
7443:(1816)
7437:(1815)
7431:(1815)
7401:(1810)
7395:(1810)
7389:(1810)
7383:(1810)
7377:(1810)
7371:(1809)
7365:(1809)
7353:(1807)
7347:(1807)
7335:(1806)
7329:(1804)
7323:(1804)
7311:(1800)
7268:(1798)
7256:(1795)
7254:Ceylon
7238:(1795)
7232:(1794)
7214:(1789)
7202:(1786)
7172:(1774)
7136:(1762)
7027:(1687)
7009:(1664)
7003:(1662)
6983:Acadia
6967:(1641)
6955:(1628)
6953:Quebec
6949:(1626)
6943:(1622)
6937:(1612)
6935:Swally
6860:Portal
6680:Now a
6651:Guiana
6605:Tuvalu
6208:Quebec
5980:Canada
5921:Belize
5813:Weihai
5757:Penang
5745:Padang
5675:Malaya
5669:Labuan
5663:Kuwait
5639:Cyprus
5633:Ceylon
5627:Brunei
5599:Borneo
5593:Bhutan
5587:Bengal
5523:Zambia
5454:Uganda
5216:Africa
5189:Colony
5179:Malta
5137:Cyprus
5125:Cyprus
5109:Europe
5075:Legend
4799:Places
4143:Tories
4003:Stuart
3963:Wessex
3709:
3691:(1985)
3667:(2003)
3660:(1996)
3639:(1944)
3632:(2011)
3625:(1959)
3618:(1997)
3603:202579
3601:
3585:
3560:(2008)
3553:(2002)
3512:(2004)
3448:
3345:p. 245
3316:p. 220
3260:
3211:
3179:, p. 6
3117:
3107:
3061:(1985)
3010:
2938:p. 190
2932:
2874:
2850:
2808:
2752:
2731:
2656:
2635:
2486:Mumbai
2449:Belize
2427:Boston
2152:, but
2039:slaves
2037:, and
1955:Bengal
1933:pepper
1911:Wadala
1909:, and
1883:Bombay
1819:Bombay
1789:Bantam
1778:Madras
1745:: the
1733:Guiana
1486:Eaglet
1427:, and
1260:Renews
975:ad hoc
901:Bombay
815:tracts
789:, the
732:Bantam
494:French
488:, and
486:Brazil
440:colony
381:Ulster
348:Ulster
305:France
285:France
188:, and
139:Bombay
99:Bantam
62:. See
7958:Tirah
7868:Tochi
7657:Perak
7423:Nepal
7345:Egypt
7272:Malta
7200:Assam
7043:Ghana
6941:Ormuz
6603:and *
6569:Nauru
6563:Samoa
6537:Tonga
6496:Papua
6106:Nevis
5991:Upper
5985:Lower
5828:India
5693:Union
5651:India
5621:Burma
5577:Banka
5428:Sudan
5330:Natal
5312:Lagos
5306:Kenya
5300:Ghana
5284:Egypt
4915:Tudor
4804:Towns
4764:Ships
4138:Whigs
4037:Witan
3998:Tudor
3928:Crown
3707:JSTOR
3599:JSTOR
3583:JSTOR
3397:. BBC
3115:S2CID
2964:p. 75
2548:1704
2541:1690
2535:1682
2529:1673
2523:1672
2513:1670
2507:1666
2500:1664
2494:1663
2484:1661
2473:1660
2467:1650
2461:1648
2454:1639
2447:1638
2436:1632
2425:1630
2421:Nevis
2419:1628
2408:1625
2393:Surat
2391:1612
2385:1609
2379:1607
2261:Brill
2035:ivory
1919:Surat
1899:Mahim
1815:Surat
1780:, the
1655:left
1614:Nevis
1252:) to
1152:Maine
1076:royal
992:sugar
905:India
801:near
744:India
740:Surat
730:, at
693:Spain
529:reign
490:China
458:Drake
231:Cabot
166:Salem
154:Maine
123:dowry
107:Surat
8072:Aden
8048:Oman
8030:Oman
7829:20th
7405:Java
7300:19th
7053:18th
7025:Siam
6914:17th
6599:Now
6593:Now
6543:Niue
6484:Fiji
6186:1843
6114:1579
5834:and
5826:Now
5657:Java
5613:and
5579:and
5541:Asia
5521:Now
5479:Now
4957:list
4842:list
4717:1706
4712:1705
4707:1704
4702:1703
4697:1702
4692:1701
4687:1700
4682:1698
4677:1697
4672:1696
4667:1695
4662:1694
4657:1693
4652:1692
4647:1691
4642:1690
4637:1689
4632:1688
4627:1685
4622:1680
4617:1679
4612:1678
4607:1677
4602:1675
4597:1672
4592:1670
4587:1667
4582:1666
4577:1665
4572:1664
4567:1663
4562:1662
4557:1661
4552:1660
4540:1640
4535:1627
4530:1625
4525:1623
4520:1620
4515:1609
4510:1606
4505:1605
4500:1603
4495:1601
4490:1597
4485:1592
4480:1588
4475:1586
4470:1584
4465:1580
4460:1575
4455:1572
4450:1571
4445:1566
4440:1562
4435:1558
4430:1557
4425:1555
4420:1554
4415:1553
4410:1551
4405:1549
4400:1548
4395:1547
4390:1546
4385:1545
4380:1543
4375:1542
4370:1541
4365:1540
4360:1539
4355:1536
4350:1535
4345:1534
4340:1533
4335:1532
4330:1531
4325:1530
4320:1529
4315:1523
4310:1515
4305:1514
4300:1513
4295:1512
4290:1511
4285:1509
4280:1503
4275:1496
4270:1495
4265:1491
4260:1488
4255:1487
4250:1485
4245:1483
4240:1482
4235:1477
4230:1474
4225:1472
4220:1468
4215:1467
4210:1464
4205:1463
4200:1461
3993:York
3446:ISBN
3403:2008
3258:ISBN
3209:ISBN
3105:ISBN
3008:ISBN
2990:2019
2930:ISBN
2872:ISBN
2848:ISBN
2806:ISBN
2750:ISBN
2729:ISBN
2654:ISBN
2633:ISBN
2517:and
2477:and
2440:and
2412:and
2402:and
2259:and
2126:and
2081:and
2031:gold
1989:The
1981:and
1903:Sion
1889:and
1809:Java
1737:gold
1721:off
1688:The
1462:and
1411:The
1192:The
1070:The
990:and
746:and
736:Java
697:1595
618:off
610:was
476:and
456:and
445:The
428:Asia
390:The
350:and
243:The
212:and
196:and
148:and
137:and
66:.)
46:The
7417:USA
6684:of
4026:Law
3097:doi
2936:.)
2844:119
1953:in
1835:Run
1196:of
1051:At
1032:ca.
918:of
903:in
590:on
531:of
426:of
394:of
133:in
117:to
8096::
5830:,
3673:,
3367:,
3277:.
3252:.
3228:.
3168:^
3113:.
3103:.
3093:43
3091:.
3087:.
2980:.
2962:,
2954:.
2944:^
2324:.
2033:,
1905:,
1901:,
1776:,
1492:.
1423:,
1419:,
1307:,
1228:)
1204::
1081:.
994:.
868:.
750:.
675:a
574:,
524:.
504:.
410:,
346:,
271:,
267:,
216:.
204:,
184:,
180:,
176:,
172:,
168:,
164:,
160:,
156:,
77:,
6905:/
6894:e
6887:t
6880:v
6815:.
6773:)
6760:)
6555:*
6548:*
6523:*
6504:/
6444:/
6416:/
6378:e
6371:t
6364:v
6255:*
6248:*
6241:*
6058:*
6027:/
5978:*
5971:*
5919:*
5900:*
5893:*
5886:*
5617:)
5496:.
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5236:(
5127:)
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3747:e
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3733:v
3405:.
3288:.
3264:.
3239:.
3215:.
3127:.
3099::
3047:.
2992:.
2966:.
2914:.
2856:.
2735:)
2239:.
1925:.
1821:.
1663:.
1443:.
1337:.
1224:(
1136:.
1048:.
1015:,
31:.
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