591:
631:
603:
93:
567:
619:
579:
547:, was accidentally uncovered during the construction of 110 meter revolving tower in Malacca Town. The construction of the tower was ceased and its site was subsequently shifted to the popular district of Bandar Hilir on Jalan Merdeka where it was officially opened to the public on 18 April 2008. Malacca Museums Corporation suspects the structure was built by the Dutch during the Dutch occupation of Malacca from 1641 to 1824. Earlier in June 2004, a watchtower named
81:
782:
Borschberg, Peter., “Ethnicity, Language and
Culture in Melaka during the Transition from Portuguese to Dutch Rule”, Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 83.2, (2010): 93-117; Borschberg, P., The Singapore and Melaka Straits: Violence, Security and Diplomacy in the 17th
348:
Although "A Famosa" was technically the name at first given to the main watchtower, and then to the entire fortress of
Malacca, in the present day it most often refers to the only remaining gate of the fortress, the Porta de Santiago. The name "A Famosa" is thus a unique case of a
672:
Fortresse de
Malacca, better known as A Famosa, is a Portuguese fortress located in Malacca, Malaysia. It is among the oldest surviving European architectural remains in Asia. The Porta de Santiago, a small gate house, is the only remaining part of the fortress still
534:
to
Malacca in 1807. It was Captain William Farquhar, tasked with the destruction of the fort and town, who decided to save two of the gateways to the fort, including the Santiago Gate, as well as the Stadthuys, church and jail.
1395:
2016:
273:, the keep was destroyed but the outer walls of the fortress were expanded. However, in 1811 the British destroyed all of the original fortress and most of the outer walls. The
810:
1388:
922:
2801:
590:
3063:
3058:
2836:
1381:
460:('The Famous'), which was the tallest building in the region from 1512 until it was destroyed by the Dutch in 1641. Other parts of the fortress included an
2856:
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3028:
2776:
2651:
1187:
385:
566:
1838:
915:
891:
630:
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1881:
1861:
1533:
1450:
981:
976:
158:
1298:
908:
825:"Interpretation of Simon Stevin's ideas on the Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie (United East Indies Company) settlement of Malacca"
108:
886:
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2984:
1833:
1445:
956:
1654:
1644:
1172:
602:
2626:
1742:
1692:
1659:
1265:
1177:
1137:
870:
797:
2360:
2345:
2074:
2026:
1956:
1505:
1162:
578:
2160:
17:
2646:
2448:
1866:
1182:
986:
943:
655:
2155:
1876:
1639:
1584:
971:
2508:
2021:
1921:
1767:
1373:
487:
out of
Malacca. The Dutch renovated the gate in 1670, which explains the logo "ANNO 1670" inscribed on the gate's
397:. Moving quickly to consolidate his gains, Albuquerque had the fortress built around a natural hill near the sea.
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2180:
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1981:
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1082:
951:
522:
and ordered its destruction in 1806. The fort was almost totally demolished but for the timely intervention of
436:
Hundreds of slaves were used to build this fort. Its materials included using the rubble of destroyed
Malaccan
2964:
2165:
1911:
1757:
1599:
1485:
1362:
1197:
1034:
1029:
824:
472:
walls. As
Malacca's population expanded it outgrew the original fort and extensions were added around 1586.
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31:
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2811:
2493:
2418:
1951:
1891:
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1649:
1619:
1490:
1470:
996:
3033:
2949:
2896:
2871:
2866:
2851:
2781:
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2270:
2185:
2175:
2064:
1901:
1772:
1097:
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618:
3038:
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2749:
2744:
2498:
2463:
1538:
390:
366:
2994:
2979:
2944:
2771:
2636:
2606:
2596:
2468:
2340:
2310:
2001:
1986:
1815:
1556:
1500:
1344:
1049:
503:
492:
476:
266:
2861:
2709:
2616:
2591:
2403:
2335:
1916:
1906:
1871:
1843:
1787:
1697:
1624:
1594:
1523:
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1352:
1308:
1212:
1202:
1107:
1092:
1087:
966:
2901:
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2826:
2816:
2729:
2714:
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1777:
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465:
2919:
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2099:
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2036:
1996:
1976:
1971:
1931:
1727:
1326:
1192:
1152:
1117:
931:
727:
398:
233:
2999:
2846:
2791:
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2586:
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2243:
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2046:
1805:
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1664:
1634:
1250:
1147:
961:
523:
394:
8:
2886:
2821:
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2228:
2109:
1926:
1810:
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1707:
1702:
1614:
1566:
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484:
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294:
249:
148:
42:
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2104:
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1752:
1732:
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370:
278:
261:, circa 1512. The oldest part of the fortress was a five-storey keep which eventually
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2581:
2433:
2428:
1991:
1966:
1961:
1946:
1782:
1222:
1127:
1112:
1102:
866:
793:
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413:
in China. At this time other
Portuguese were establishing outposts in such places as
258:
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92:
71:
1403:
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2408:
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1418:
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was discovered during the construction of
Dataran Pahlawan. In 2006-2007 the
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374:
350:
270:
262:
123:
110:
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2443:
2200:
2011:
2006:
1604:
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1217:
1157:
1039:
659:
38:
2699:
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1941:
1024:
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686:
30:"Porta de Santiago" redirects here. For the gate in Segovia, Spain, see
2959:
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2438:
2423:
2393:
2315:
2210:
2079:
1936:
1245:
1001:
753:
461:
426:
418:
1747:
1270:
527:
468:, and an officers' quarters. There were also town houses inside the
80:
2453:
2147:
1548:
1405:
935:
507:
498:
The fortress changed hands again in the late 18th century when the
469:
441:
406:
254:
425:, India to create a string of friendly ports for ships heading to
333:
Famosa", even among
Malaysians, as though the Portuguese feminine
2666:
1674:
798:
Excavation for Malacca tower project unearths ruins of Dutch fort
515:
437:
402:
572:
Malacca including the tower of the A Famosa fortress (1550–1563)
2550:
2129:
1853:
1825:
531:
449:
543:
In late November 2006, a part of the fort, believed to be the
2573:
2473:
2056:
1515:
1437:
596:
Reconstruction of watchtower on top of the unearthed remains
488:
453:
325:
758:
Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society
691:
Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society
1404:
Historical buildings, memorials, monuments and sites in
281:, are the only parts of the fortress that remain today.
179:
Largely destroyed except for a few remaining structures
930:
301:(Old Fortress). During the Dutch era it was known in
85:
The surviving gate of the Portuguese fort in Malacca.
265:
to the fortress as a whole. Some time following the
687:"Report of Governor Balthasar Bort on Malacca 1678"
322:
3020:
892:Description of the fort during English rules by
452:. One of the towers was a 60-m tall four-storey
716:A Famosa. Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 31 May 2023
684:
218:10 August 1807 (except for a small gate house)
2652:St. Michael's and All Angels Church, Sandakan
1839:Sri Marathandavar Bala Dhandayuthapani Alayam
1389:
1188:St. Michael's and All Angels Church, Sandakan
916:
506:to prevent it from falling into the hands of
491:. Above the arch is a bas-relief logo of the
97:A view of the gate of the fort from the rear.
3064:Portuguese colonial architecture in Malaysia
3059:1641 disestablishments in Portuguese Malacca
982:Church of the Immaculate Conception (Penang)
822:
977:Church of the Immaculate Conception (Johor)
1396:
1382:
923:
909:
341:. A more accurate pronunciation would be "
3054:1511 establishments in Portuguese Malacca
786:
751:
636:View of the fortress during 1860s to 1900
3029:Buildings and structures in Malacca City
2772:Bronze Globe of Tanjung Simpang Mengayau
1534:Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah Gallery
27:Portuguese fortress in Malacca, Malaysia
1446:Arulmigu Sri Rajakaliamman Glass Temple
860:
685:Bremner, M. J.; Blagden, C. O. (1927).
584:The town and fortress of Malacca (1780)
405:would become an important port linking
14:
3021:
658:. Bank Negara Malaysia. Archived from
538:
2627:Sacred Heart Cathedral, Kota Kinabalu
2529:
1743:Proclamation of Independence Memorial
1416:
1377:
1266:Proclamation of Independence Memorial
1138:Sacred Heart Cathedral, Kota Kinabalu
904:
783:Century (Singapore: NUS Press, 2010).
248:
41:. For the theme park and resort, see
1506:Sultanah Fatimah Specialist Hospital
720:
316:The name is often mispronounced as "
2161:Church of Our Lady of Lourdes Klang
1882:Church of the Immaculate Conception
1862:Arulmigu Balathandayuthapani Temple
1451:Church of the Immaculate Conception
464:storage room, the residence of the
383:fleet arrived under the command of
297:; its alternate Portuguese name is
271:occupation of the city by the Dutch
24:
530:, who was sent on sick leave from
25:
3075:
2530:
1417:
887:Tourism Malaysia - St.Paul's Hill
880:
823:Weebers, R.C.; Ahmad, Y. (2014).
2509:Tanjung Tualang Tin Dredge No. 5
1922:Jalan Baru Sri Muniswarar Temple
1768:Straits Chinese Jewellery Museum
811:Old watchtower may be under site
629:
617:
601:
589:
577:
565:
318:
91:
79:
2647:St. Michael's Church, Penampang
2196:Sultan Abdul Aziz Royal Gallery
1183:St. Michael's Church, Penampang
865:. Malaysia: Nutmeg Publishing.
337:"a" were the letter "A" in the
3049:Tourist attractions in Malacca
2181:Sri Sunderaraja Perumal Temple
2075:Church of St. Anthony of Padua
1982:Penang State Assembly Building
1718:Malay and Islamic World Museum
1476:Johor Bahru Old Chinese Temple
1123:Penang State Assembly Building
1083:Malay and Islamic World Museum
816:
803:
776:
745:
709:
678:
656:"Where's Malaysia? Exhibition"
648:
345:Famosa" (approximating "uh").
13:
1:
2444:Fort of Smelly Monitor Lizard
2346:Tomb of Sultan Mahmud Shah II
2017:Sri Aghora Veerapathra Temple
1486:Sultan Abu Bakar State Mosque
1198:Sultan Abu Bakar State Mosque
641:
518:were wary of maintaining the
2740:Tua Pek Kong Temple, Kuching
2720:Sacred Heart Cathedral, Sibu
2419:Chinatown (Kuala Terengganu)
2371:Seri Menanti Royal Mausoleum
2341:Sultan Abdul Samad Mausoleum
2095:Leaning Tower of Teluk Intan
1957:Nattukkottai Chettiar Temple
1892:Eastern & Oriental Hotel
1723:Malaysia Architecture Museum
1693:Church of St. Francis Xavier
1610:Kuala Lumpur railway station
1299:Church of St. Francis Xavier
1256:Malaysia Architecture Museum
1143:Sacred Heart Cathedral, Sibu
997:Eastern & Oriental Hotel
854:
32:Puerta de Santiago (Segovia)
7:
2892:Tawau Japanese War Memorial
2494:Sultan Abdul Halim Hospital
1952:Mahindarama Buddhist Temple
1887:Dhammikarama Burmese Temple
1650:Sultan Abdul Samad Building
1620:National Mosque of Malaysia
1491:Sultan Ibrahim Jamek Mosque
1471:Johor Bahru railway station
10:
3080:
2950:Gaya Street, Kota Kinabalu
2897:Tun Datu Mustapha Memorial
2872:Sandakan Massacre Memorial
2867:Sandakan Japanese Cemetery
2782:Chartered Company Monument
2366:Pahang Old Royal Mausoleum
2331:Mahmoodiah Royal Mausoleum
2271:Birch Memorial Clock Tower
2266:Al-Ghufran Royal Mausoleum
2186:Sri Sithi Vinayagar Temple
2176:One Fathom Bank Lighthouse
2065:Al-Ghufran Royal Mausoleum
1902:Fort Cornwallis Lighthouse
1867:Church of the Risen Christ
1773:Sri Poyatha Moorthi Temple
1098:One Fathom Bank Lighthouse
1012:Fort Cornwallis Lighthouse
987:Church of the Risen Christ
754:"The Portuguese in Malaya"
732:Malaysia National Archives
558:
364:
360:
36:
29:
2910:
2842:North Borneo War Monument
2762:
2750:Tua Pek Kong Temple, Sibu
2745:Tua Pek Kong Temple, Miri
2665:
2572:
2549:
2542:
2538:
2525:
2384:
2256:
2209:
2146:
2128:
2055:
1852:
1824:
1796:
1673:
1575:
1547:
1539:Sungai Petani clock tower
1514:
1456:Dato' Bentara Luar Mosque
1436:
1429:
1425:
1412:
1343:
1325:
1307:
1289:
1231:
942:
367:Capture of Malacca (1511)
357:over the course of time.
277:gateway, and the rebuilt
246:Portuguese pronunciation:
227:
222:
214:
206:
196:
188:
183:
175:
165:
144:
139:
124:2.1916167°N 102.2503056°E
102:
90:
78:
69:
57:
52:
37:For the modern city, see
2995:Sarawak General Hospital
2985:Queen Elizabeth Hospital
2980:Pogunon Community Museum
2945:Duchess of Kent Hospital
2812:Kuching Heroes' Cemetery
2637:Sandakan Heritage Museum
2607:Keningau Heritage Museum
2597:Jesselton Freemason Hall
2469:Malacca General Hospital
2311:Kelantan Royal Mausoleum
2022:Sri Mahamariamman Temple
2002:Thean Kong Thnuah Temple
1987:Pinang Peranakan Mansion
1877:Church of the Assumption
1816:Seremban railway station
1645:Sri Mahamariamman Temple
1501:Sultanah Aminah Hospital
1050:Jesselton Freemason Hall
972:Church of the Assumption
861:De Witt, Dennis (2010).
526:, the founder of modern
493:Dutch East India Company
293:" means "The Famous" in
267:Battle of Malacca (1641)
2862:Sandakan Heritage Trail
2852:Quailey's Hill Memorial
2710:Islamic Heritage Museum
2617:Melalap railway station
2592:Batu Tinagat Lighthouse
2361:Old Protestant Cemetery
2336:Melaka Warrior Monument
1917:Jade Emperor God Temple
1907:Goddess of Mercy Temple
1872:Cheong Fatt Tze Mansion
1844:Sultan Abu Bakar Museum
1788:Undan Island Lighthouse
1698:Cape Rachado Lighthouse
1625:National Textile Museum
1524:Kedah State Art Gallery
1496:Sultan Ibrahim Building
1481:Pulau Pisang Lighthouse
1353:Cape Rachado Lighthouse
1213:Undan Island Lighthouse
1203:Sultan Ibrahim Building
1108:Pulau Pisang Lighthouse
1093:National Textile Museum
1088:Melalap railway station
967:Batu Tinagat Lighthouse
752:Macgregor, Ian (1955).
444:once consisted of long
284:
2902:William Pryer Monument
2877:Sandakan Memorial Park
2827:Last POW Camp Memorial
2817:Kundasang War Memorial
2802:Gunner Cleary Memorial
2715:Kuching Old Courthouse
2675:Chinese History Museum
2479:Penang Botanic Gardens
2434:Fort of Ngah Ibrahim's
2404:Biru Seri Kundang Lake
2321:Kuala Klawang Memorial
2191:Sultan Sulaiman Mosque
1778:Tamil Methodist Church
1683:Cheng Hoon Teng Temple
502:handed it over to the
429:and returning home to
129:2.1916167; 102.2503056
2920:Agop Batu Tulug Caves
2882:Sandakan War Monument
2787:Cho Huan Lai Memorial
2642:Sandakan Jamek Mosque
2459:Lukut Fort and Museum
2306:Kedah Royal Mausoleum
2239:Rumah Warisan Haji Su
2100:Panglima Kinta Mosque
1977:Penang Masonic Temple
1972:Penang Islamic Museum
1932:Kapitan Keling Mosque
1912:Holy Spirit Cathedral
1728:Malaysia Youth Museum
1118:Penang Masonic Temple
1030:Holy Spirit Cathedral
932:Colonial architecture
832:Planning Perspectives
477:changed hands in 1641
391:attacked and defeated
313:(Our Lady of Mercy).
309:(slave castle) &
234:Afonso de Albuquerque
2847:Petagas War Memorial
2792:De Fontaine Memorial
2725:Sarawak State Museum
2680:Ching San Yen Temple
2632:Sam Sing Kung Temple
2587:Atkinson Clock Tower
2376:Taiping War Cemetery
2286:Hang Jebat Mausoleum
2244:Tian Hou Gong Temple
2085:Ipoh railway station
2047:Wat Chayamangkalaram
1806:Istana Ampang Tinggi
1713:Kampung Kling Mosque
1665:Victoria Institution
1660:St. Mary's Cathedral
1655:St. John's Cathedral
1640:Sri Kandaswamy Kovil
1635:Sin Sze Si Ya Temple
1585:Buddhist Maha Vihara
1178:St. Mary's Cathedral
1173:St. John's Cathedral
1148:Sarawak State Museum
962:Atkinson Clock Tower
524:Sir Stamford Raffles
353:which then became a
223:Garrison information
2887:Starcevich Monument
2837:Mat Salleh Memorial
2822:Labuan War Cemetery
2807:Keningau Oath Stone
2797:Double Six Monument
2622:Sabah Tourism Board
2449:Independence Square
2351:Millennium Monument
2326:Lord Murugan Statue
2281:Cheras War Cemetery
2229:Ho Ann Kiong Temple
2110:Sam Poh Tong Temple
2032:St. George's Church
1927:Jubilee Clock Tower
1811:Istana Seri Menanti
1738:Poh San Teng Temple
1708:Kampung Hulu Mosque
1703:Fortress of Malacca
1615:Lee Rubber Building
1567:Kampung Laut Mosque
1466:Istana Bukit Serene
1358:Fortress of Malacca
1168:St. George's Church
1133:Sabah Tourism Board
1060:Jubilee Clock Tower
1045:Istana Bukit Serene
863:Melaka from the Top
539:Partial restoration
253:) was a Portuguese
120: /
18:Fortress of Malacca
3044:Portuguese Malacca
2955:Lumuyu Petroglyphs
2940:Chinatown, Kuching
2930:Buloh Kasap Bridge
2857:Rafflesia Monument
2705:Hong San Si Temple
2564:Labuan Clock Tower
2464:Markets of Taiping
2291:Hang Li Poh's Well
2105:Perak State Museum
2070:All Saints' Church
1763:St. Peter's Church
1733:Middelburg Bastion
1281:St. Peter's Church
1261:Middelburg Bastion
1074:Labuan Clock Tower
952:All Saints' Church
813:. 4 December 2006.
662:on 4 December 2021
553:Middelburg Bastion
545:Middelburg Bastion
393:the armies of the
371:Portuguese Malacca
279:Middelburg Bastion
250:[ɐfaˈmɔzɐ]
145:Controlled by
3034:Forts in Malaysia
3016:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3007:
2935:Batu Lintang camp
2832:Malaysia Monument
2758:
2757:
2582:Agnes Keith House
2521:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2429:Guillemard Bridge
2356:National Monument
2301:Heroes' Mausoleum
2252:
2251:
2027:St. Anne's Church
1967:Penang High Court
1947:Lebuh Aceh Mosque
1834:All Souls' Church
1783:Tranquerah Mosque
1758:St. Paul's Church
1595:DBKL City Theatre
1371:
1370:
1363:St. Paul's Church
1251:Governor's Museum
1163:St. Anne's Church
1113:Penang High Court
957:All Souls' Church
872:978-983-43519-2-2
800:. 1 December 2006
794:New Straits Times
697:(1 (99)): 1–232.
395:Malacca Sultanate
275:Porta de Santiago
259:Malacca, Malaysia
239:
238:
201:Portuguese Empire
72:Malacca, Malaysia
16:(Redirected from
3071:
3039:Portuguese forts
2975:Petroleum Museum
2657:Tawau Bell Tower
2547:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2527:
2526:
2296:Hang Tuah's Well
2115:Taiping Hospital
1992:Penang Town Hall
1962:Penang City Hall
1590:Coliseum Theatre
1434:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1414:
1413:
1398:
1391:
1384:
1375:
1374:
1335:Tawau Bell Tower
1128:Penang Town Hall
1103:Penang City Hall
992:Coliseum Theatre
925:
918:
911:
902:
901:
894:Hikayat Abdullah
876:
848:
847:
845:
843:
829:
820:
814:
807:
801:
790:
784:
780:
774:
773:
771:
769:
749:
743:
742:
740:
738:
724:
718:
713:
707:
706:
682:
676:
675:
669:
667:
652:
633:
624:Malacca Fortress
621:
605:
593:
581:
569:
549:Santiago Bastion
510:'s expansionist
344:
339:English alphabet
335:definite article
332:
331:
328:
327:
324:
252:
247:
140:Site information
135:
134:
132:
131:
130:
125:
121:
118:
117:
116:
113:
95:
83:
74:
63:
50:
49:
43:A' Famosa Resort
21:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3068:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3004:
2906:
2777:Brooke Memorial
2764:
2754:
2695:Fort Margherita
2661:
2612:Kinarut Mansion
2602:Jesselton Hotel
2568:
2534:
2513:
2504:Tambun rock art
2499:Victoria Bridge
2489:St. Paul's Hill
2399:Batu Pahat Well
2380:
2258:
2248:
2224:Duyong Old Fort
2205:
2166:Hatter's Castle
2156:Alaeddin Mosque
2142:
2124:
2090:Kellie's Castle
2051:
1897:Fort Cornwallis
1848:
1820:
1798:Negeri Sembilan
1792:
1753:St. John's Fort
1669:
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1543:
1510:
1421:
1408:
1402:
1372:
1367:
1339:
1321:
1317:Kinarut Mansion
1303:
1285:
1276:St. John's Fort
1227:
1065:Kellie's Castle
1055:Jesselton Hotel
1020:Fort Margherita
1007:Fort Cornwallis
938:
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883:
873:
857:
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839:
827:
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817:
808:
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791:
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777:
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746:
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728:"Kota A Famosa"
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541:
448:and four major
440:and tombs. The
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365:Main articles:
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355:totum pro parte
321:
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299:Fortaleza Velha
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245:
229:
168:the public
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1035:Hotel Majestic
1032:
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881:External links
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815:
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792:Lee, Cynthia.
785:
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628:
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610:sanitary sewer
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574:
571:
564:
560:
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555:was restored.
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60:Kota A Famosa
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3:
2:
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2990:Sandakan camp
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2790:
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2783:
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2775:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2765:and monuments
2761:
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2741:
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2532:East Malaysia
2528:
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2510:
2507:
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2502:
2500:
2497:
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2487:
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2484:Princess Hill
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2467:
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2457:
2455:
2452:
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2439:Fort of Ruins
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2409:Bujang Valley
2407:
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2316:Kris Monument
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2259:and monuments
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2240:
2237:
2235:
2234:Istana Maziah
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2230:
2227:
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2219:Abidin Mosque
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2208:
2202:
2199:
2197:
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2970:Nunuk Ragang
2730:Square Tower
2424:Chinese Hill
2201:Wat Chetawan
2012:Seri Teratai
2007:Snake Temple
1997:Seri Mutiara
1605:Masjid Jamek
1577:Kuala Lumpur
1562:Istana Jahar
1529:Zahir Mosque
1461:Istana Besar
1218:Wisma Kastam
1158:Seri Teratai
1153:Seri Mutiara
1040:Istana Besar
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842:16 September
840:. Retrieved
838:(4): 543–555
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184:Site history
166:Open to
156:(1641–1795)
151:(1512–1641)
112:2°11′29.82″N
59:
47:
39:Malacca City
2700:Fort Sylvia
2138:Alwi Mosque
1942:Khoo Kongsi
1557:Istana Batu
1025:Fort Sylvia
456:, known as
411:Spice Route
399:Albuquerque
379:In 1511, a
307:Slavenburgh
207:In use
161:(1795–1807)
154:Netherlands
127: /
103:Coordinates
3023:Categories
3000:Skull Hill
2960:Madai Cave
2735:The Astana
2685:Fort Alice
2394:Batu Caves
2211:Terengganu
2080:Dutch Fort
1937:Kek Lok Si
1630:Pasar Seni
1345:Portuguese
1246:Dutch Fort
1208:The Astana
1002:Fort Alice
809:The Star.
642:References
485:Portuguese
483:drove the
462:ammunition
427:Ming China
381:Portuguese
295:Portuguese
230:commanders
215:Demolished
62:(in Malay)
2763:Memorials
2690:Fort Hose
2543:Buildings
2257:Memorials
1748:Stadthuys
1430:Buildings
1271:Stadthuys
1223:Woodville
1016:Fort Hose
855:Notations
703:2304-7550
673:standing.
612:line ruin
528:Singapore
479:when the
475:The fort
257:built in
210:1512–1807
176:Condition
2454:Lenggong
2276:Cenotaph
2148:Selangor
1549:Kelantan
1406:Malaysia
1327:Japanese
936:Malaysia
737:12 April
608:Malacca
508:Napoleon
470:fortress
458:A Famosa
446:ramparts
442:fortress
431:Portugal
407:Portugal
291:A Famosa
269:and the
255:fortress
242:A Famosa
192:ca. 1512
149:Portugal
53:A Famosa
2667:Sarawak
1675:Malacca
944:British
666:23 July
559:Gallery
516:English
504:British
466:captain
438:mosques
409:to the
403:Malacca
361:History
159:Britain
2551:Labuan
2130:Perlis
1854:Penang
1826:Pahang
1309:German
1291:French
869:
701:
532:Penang
514:. The
512:France
450:towers
373:, and
2574:Sabah
2474:Morib
2057:Perak
1516:Kedah
1438:Johor
1233:Dutch
828:(PDF)
500:Dutch
481:Dutch
419:China
415:Macau
303:Dutch
189:Built
2912:Site
2386:Site
867:ISBN
844:2020
770:2020
739:2024
699:ISSN
668:2021
489:arch
454:keep
421:and
285:Name
228:Past
934:of
764:(2)
423:Goa
343:/ɐ/
305:as
171:Yes
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