1008:
980:
787:
773:
738:
731:
717:
552:
345:
331:
745:
317:
1001:
994:
987:
973:
966:
801:
794:
780:
766:
759:
752:
724:
545:
538:
531:
524:
517:
510:
338:
324:
310:
303:
960:
711:
504:
297:
3069:
1177:
The text for the first sample game begins: "Thus your lordship plays the king's pawn to the fourth square from the king's place, and if the opponent does the same, play the king's knight to the third square of the king's bishop, and if he guards the pawn with the pawn of the king's bishop, take his
1142:
describes the differences between the old and new rules and includes problems using the old rules, making it a work in the period of transition to modern chess. Both works share some material, although it is possible that they both were drawing on older material. A later manuscript from the 16th
109:
The attention paid to the opening in the manuscript reflected the greater importance of study of the early part of the game caused by the changes to the movement of the pieces in modern chess. The old game tended to develop slowly, with victory often achieved by capturing all enemy pieces to the
77:
had not yet taken its current form), and no mention is made of the earlier form. The rules are not explained, so the manuscript must have been written at a time and place when the new rules were well established, or it was addressed to a player familiar with the new rules. The addressee of the
50:(c. 1497) have led some scholars to surmise that it was written by Lucena or that it was one of Lucena's sources. Although the manuscript is generally assumed to be older than Lucena's work, this is not established. The manuscript has been ascribed possible writing dates of 1500–1505 or 1471.
162:, 784). Although no evaluation of the resulting positions is given, some of the examples continue well into the middle game; the eighth is given through move 33. In the order in which they appear in the manuscript, the openings are:
1143:
century repeats the openings of the Göttingen manuscript in a slightly modernized form and attributes them to Lucena. If this is correct, it suggests that the Göttingen manuscript is Lucena's later and more mature work.
125:
The twelve openings in the manuscript include four attacks in which the Prince to whom the work is addressed is the first player, and eight defences where he is the second player. They include one example each of 1.c4
1138:, p. 782, points out that the manuscript seems more advanced than the works of Lucena to which it is compared, dealing only with modern chess and making no mention of the older rules.
246:. Many of the thirty problems are given special conditions, such as specific pieces that cannot move or requirements that mate be delivered by a pawn or by two consecutive checks by pawns (
110:
bare king. The modern game developed much more quickly due to the new ability of the pawn to make an initial move of two squares, and the greatly enhanced powers of the bishop and queen.
114:
became a more common end to the game, and study was required to develop early attacks and defend against them. Subsequent chess writing would continue to emphasise study of the opening (
1178:
pawn with the knight...". The second begins: "Let us suppose, magnificent lord, that he does not guard his king's pawn with the pawn of his bishop but with that of the queen...". (
1195:, p. 74). Indications suggesting that the manuscript was copied in France or that the author was French include: (1) At the beginning of the manuscript bishop is called
1615:
1207:.) (2) The names used on the chess diagrams are R (roy), D (dame), Fo (fol), Ch (chevalier), Ro (roc), and P (Pion). (3) The manuscript uses a form of
78:
manuscript is not named, but was evidently a nobleman of high rank. Some particulars of the manuscript suggest that the author was from
2849:
2401:
2864:
2824:
2844:
2839:
43:, one on each page with a diagram and solution. Authorship and exact date of the manuscript are unknown. Similarities to
2391:
2784:
2647:
2632:
2396:
3119:
1191:
F.C. Görschen found that the style and syntax of the Latin text indicate a
Spanish or Portuguese speaker as the author (
2922:
2387:
2382:
1710:
2859:
2759:
2652:
2617:
1290:
1267:
1240:
3124:
2829:
2819:
2737:
2622:
1372:
1367:
2814:
2804:
1320:
3129:
2809:
2799:
2794:
1457:
1419:
2944:
2854:
2789:
2365:
2127:
1678:
1258:
2203:
1683:
2958:
2907:
2612:
1160:
had the manuscript when he visited France in the winter of 1474–5 and that it had been written in 1471 (
3031:
3009:
2917:
2902:
2561:
2513:
2508:
2498:
2166:
1844:
1688:
211:
96:
32:
3104:
2963:
2897:
2747:
2642:
2637:
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54:
44:
2939:
2912:
2754:
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1864:
1859:
1816:
1715:
155:
1550:
3114:
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3048:
2573:
2238:
135:
2627:
2556:
1854:
1700:
1605:
1450:
1382:
143:
242:
All thirty problems are also found in Lucena's work, and all but one (number 24) are found in
2764:
2687:
2568:
2268:
2263:
1950:
1673:
1632:
1414:
3099:
2476:
2413:
2372:
2333:
2115:
2105:
2035:
1849:
1780:
1705:
1590:
1389:
1249:
1157:
8:
2929:
2709:
2456:
2343:
2313:
2283:
2255:
2228:
2171:
2072:
2040:
2000:
1955:
1668:
1610:
1485:
1433:
1428:
1355:
1313:
190:
151:
2466:
3036:
2934:
2677:
2481:
2122:
2010:
1973:
1622:
1490:
1281:
3019:
2892:
2704:
2662:
2588:
2540:
2523:
2503:
2355:
2293:
2233:
2208:
2055:
2020:
2015:
1995:
1983:
1826:
1794:
1760:
1740:
1577:
1571:
1532:
1399:
1286:
1263:
1236:
224:
139:
131:
3014:
2887:
2729:
2672:
2578:
2528:
2377:
2323:
2318:
2308:
2223:
2144:
2134:
2110:
2077:
1649:
1563:
1337:
202:
172:
35:. A quarto parchment manuscript of 33 pages, ff. 1–15a are a discussion of twelve
2979:
2953:
2774:
2769:
2719:
2657:
2461:
2436:
2421:
2218:
2176:
2159:
2060:
1978:
1940:
1918:
1903:
1834:
1811:
1770:
1765:
1644:
1627:
1467:
1276:
230:
166:
127:
2243:
2154:
1214:(the predecessor of castling) that is associated with French and Spanish chess (
158:(2.Nf3), to which the author seems to suggest that 2...Nc6 is the best defence (
3078:
2994:
2742:
2583:
2446:
2441:
2278:
2273:
2139:
2097:
2067:
1896:
1839:
1727:
1695:
1661:
1654:
1639:
1600:
1595:
1522:
1517:
1362:
1306:
184:
66:
58:
3093:
3053:
3043:
3026:
2699:
2682:
2604:
2493:
2451:
2431:
2213:
2195:
2186:
2149:
2082:
2005:
1990:
1945:
1928:
1923:
1913:
1745:
1507:
1445:
1253:
243:
218:
70:
40:
36:
3073:
2999:
2984:
2714:
2535:
2518:
2426:
2360:
2303:
2298:
2030:
2025:
1965:
1908:
1799:
1755:
1527:
1512:
1502:
1438:
1404:
1377:
1345:
1209:
178:
62:
2348:
2338:
2087:
2050:
1933:
1544:
1539:
1497:
1350:
2989:
2045:
1881:
1871:
1804:
1788:
1480:
1551:
3004:
2328:
2288:
1891:
1886:
1775:
1750:
1475:
196:
147:
111:
2882:
2692:
1735:
83:
74:
150:
as Black always responds to 1.e4 with 1...e5. One example of the
1409:
1876:
87:
48:
Repeticion de Amores e Arte de
Axedres con CL iuegos de partido
1329:
79:
28:
24:
250:, pp. 794–6). Examples of problems in the manuscript:
154:(2.Bc4) is given. The other seven King's Pawn Openings are
1394:
39:, f. 16 is blank, and ff. 17–31b are a selection of thirty
3068:
1298:
1116:
1.Kd7 2.Ne5 3.Nc4 4.Na5 5.Bd4 6.a7+ or b7+ 7.b7# or a7#
23:
is the earliest known work devoted entirely to modern
16:
Earliest known work devoted entirely to modern chess
1152:Dr. Fritz Clemens Görschen (1911–1981) writes in
3091:
920:
671:
464:
257:
199:(1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Bc5 Classical Defence)
1262:(2 ed.), Oxford University, p. 156,
1314:
1285:, Oxford University Press, pp. 782–784,
146:). Every King's Pawn Opening included is a
1248:
1161:
1321:
1307:
175:(1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 d6), example favoring White
1168:, p. 74, brands this as speculation.
909:1.Bd1+ 2.Qd7+ 3.Qd3 4.axb3+ 5.bxc4+ 6.c5#
53:The manuscript is exclusively devoted to
208:Philidor Defence, example favoring Black
86:and that it was copied at some point in
1109:White mates with two pawns in 7 exactly
1007:
979:
786:
772:
737:
730:
716:
653:White mates with two pawns in 6 exactly
551:
344:
330:
3092:
1275:
1215:
1135:
744:
316:
247:
159:
119:
1302:
1230:
1192:
1179:
1165:
1000:
993:
986:
972:
965:
956:
800:
793:
779:
765:
758:
751:
723:
707:
660:1.Ng4 2.Nf6 3.Ra8+ 4.Rg8+ 5.g6+ 6.d6#
544:
537:
530:
523:
516:
509:
500:
337:
323:
309:
302:
293:
115:
13:
902:White mates with pawn in 6 exactly
14:
3141:
1235:, B.T. Batsford, pp. 73 ff,
1203:. (In French, the bishop is the
217:1.d4 d5 2.Bf4 Bf5 (a form of the
3067:
2738:List of strong chess tournaments
1256:(1996), "Göttingen manuscript",
1006:
999:
992:
985:
978:
971:
964:
958:
799:
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771:
764:
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743:
736:
729:
722:
715:
709:
550:
543:
536:
529:
522:
515:
508:
502:
343:
336:
329:
322:
315:
308:
301:
295:
90:, although this is not certain.
1711:Gökyay Association Chess Museum
1199:rather than the more familiar
1185:
1171:
1146:
1129:
142:, and eight examples of 1.e4 (
1:
2836:Computer chess championships
1259:The Oxford Companion to Chess
1224:
181:(1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5)
31:text of 33 pages held at the
1233:Chess, The History of a Game
7:
2613:Bishop and knight checkmate
237:
104:
10:
3146:
2781:Other world championships
1158:King Alfonso V of Portugal
148:Double King's Pawn Opening
92:
3062:
2972:
2875:
2728:
2623:Opposite-coloured bishops
2603:
2549:
2412:
2254:
2194:
2185:
2096:
1964:
1825:
1726:
1562:
1466:
1336:
1328:
1164:, p. 156), although
134:), two examples of 1.d4 (
2755:World Chess Championship
1716:World Chess Hall of Fame
1123:
205:(1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.c3)
99:to describe chess moves.
3125:Medieval texts in Latin
3120:University of Göttingen
3049:Simultaneous exhibition
2959:Chess newspaper columns
2648:Rook and bishop vs rook
2633:Queen and pawn vs queen
1231:Eales, Richard (1985),
1162:Hooper & Whyld 1996
212:Queen's Gambit Accepted
33:University of Göttingen
2499:Richter–Veresov Attack
2487:Queen's Indian Defence
156:King's Knight Openings
3130:15th century in chess
2765:Candidates Tournament
2653:Rook and pawn vs rook
2618:King and pawn vs king
2569:List of chess gambits
2472:King's Indian Defence
2150:Isolated Queen's Pawn
1674:List of chess players
1616:Top player comparison
1415:Internet chess server
136:Queen's Pawn Openings
2477:Nimzo-Indian Defence
2373:Scandinavian Defense
2334:Semi-Italian Opening
2239:King's Indian Attack
2128:first-move advantage
1781:Threefold repetition
1706:Bobby Fischer Center
1591:Charlemagne chessmen
1585:Göttingen manuscript
1549:
1390:Correspondence chess
144:King's Pawn Openings
61:of movement for the
21:Göttingen manuscript
2710:Two knights endgame
2457:Bogo-Indian Defence
2344:Two Knights Defense
2284:Nimzowitsch Defence
1974:Artificial castling
1611:Soviet chess school
1486:Dubrovnik chess set
214:(1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4)
187:(1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6)
2940:endgame literature
2482:Old Indian Defense
2392:Accelerated Dragon
2264:Alekhine's Defence
1996:Checkmate patterns
1865:symbols in Unicode
1860:annotation symbols
1623:Geography of chess
1491:Staunton chess set
1282:A History of Chess
1218:, pp. 782–3).
169:(1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 f6)
97:algebraic notation
95:This article uses
57:(using the modern
3087:
3086:
2964:Chess periodicals
2893:Chess in the arts
2825:Chess composition
2663:Philidor position
2599:
2598:
2541:Trompowsky Attack
2524:Semi-Slav Defence
2414:Queen's Pawn Game
2294:Four Knights Game
2269:Caro–Kann Defence
2234:Zukertort Opening
2021:Discovered attack
1741:Cheating in chess
1578:Versus de scachis
1105:
1104:
898:
897:
649:
648:
442:
441:
3137:
3105:History of chess
3074:Chess portal
3072:
3071:
3015:Leela Chess Zero
2946:Oxford Companion
2898:early literature
2888:Chess aesthetics
2628:Pawnless endgame
2579:Bongcloud Attack
2557:List of openings
2529:Chigorin Defense
2467:Grünfeld Defence
2378:Sicilian Defence
2324:Ponziani Opening
2319:Philidor Defence
2314:Petrov's Defence
2256:King's Pawn Game
2229:Larsen's Opening
2192:
2191:
1553:
1323:
1316:
1309:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1277:Murray, H. J. R.
1272:
1245:
1219:
1189:
1183:
1182:, pp. 73–4)
1175:
1169:
1150:
1144:
1133:
1010:
1009:
1003:
1002:
996:
995:
989:
988:
982:
981:
975:
974:
968:
967:
962:
961:
921:
803:
802:
796:
795:
789:
788:
782:
781:
775:
774:
768:
767:
761:
760:
754:
753:
747:
746:
740:
739:
733:
732:
726:
725:
719:
718:
713:
712:
672:
554:
553:
547:
546:
540:
539:
533:
532:
526:
525:
519:
518:
512:
511:
506:
505:
465:
446:White mates in 2
347:
346:
340:
339:
333:
332:
326:
325:
319:
318:
312:
311:
305:
304:
299:
298:
258:
203:Ponziani Opening
191:Bishop's Opening
173:Philidor Defence
152:Bishop's Opening
3145:
3144:
3140:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3066:
3058:
2968:
2954:Chess libraries
2871:
2775:FIDE Grand Prix
2770:Chess World Cup
2724:
2720:Wrong rook pawn
2658:Lucena position
2595:
2545:
2462:Catalan Opening
2437:English Defence
2422:Budapest Gambit
2408:
2366:Austrian Attack
2250:
2219:English Opening
2181:
2177:School of chess
2160:Minority attack
2092:
2061:Queen sacrifice
1960:
1821:
1817:White and Black
1812:Touch-move rule
1771:Perpetual check
1766:Fifty-move rule
1722:
1558:
1555:
1462:
1332:
1327:
1293:
1270:
1243:
1227:
1222:
1190:
1186:
1176:
1172:
1151:
1147:
1140:Arte de Axedres
1134:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1110:
1012:
1011:
1004:
997:
990:
983:
976:
969:
959:
918:
914:
913:
912:
911:
910:
908:
903:
805:
804:
797:
790:
783:
776:
769:
762:
755:
748:
741:
734:
727:
720:
710:
669:
665:
664:
663:
662:
661:
659:
654:
556:
555:
548:
541:
534:
527:
520:
513:
503:
462:
458:
457:
456:
455:
454:
452:
447:
349:
348:
341:
334:
327:
320:
313:
306:
296:
255:
240:
231:English Opening
193:(1.e4 e5 2.Bc4)
167:Damiano Defence
128:English Opening
107:
102:
101:
100:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3143:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3115:Chess problems
3112:
3110:Chess openings
3107:
3102:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3076:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3040:
3039:
3034:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
2997:
2995:Chess composer
2992:
2987:
2982:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2942:
2937:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2890:
2885:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2850:North American
2847:
2842:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2743:Chess Olympiad
2740:
2734:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2660:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2609:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2589:Scholar's mate
2586:
2581:
2571:
2566:
2565:
2564:
2553:
2551:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2504:Queen's Gambit
2501:
2496:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2447:Benoni Defence
2442:Indian Defence
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2418:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2385:
2375:
2370:
2369:
2368:
2358:
2356:Owen's Defence
2353:
2352:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2286:
2281:
2279:Modern Defence
2276:
2274:French Defence
2271:
2266:
2260:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2209:Bird's Opening
2206:
2200:
2198:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2140:Pawn structure
2137:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2108:
2102:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1984:Alekhine's gun
1976:
1970:
1968:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1906:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1897:Half-open file
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1840:Chess notation
1837:
1831:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1797:
1795:Pawn promotion
1792:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1732:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1698:
1696:Women in chess
1693:
1692:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1671:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1642:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1606:Hypermodernism
1603:
1601:Romantic chess
1598:
1596:Lewis chessmen
1593:
1588:
1581:
1568:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1472:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1454:
1453:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1434:world rankings
1426:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1412:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1363:Computer chess
1360:
1359:
1358:
1348:
1342:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1326:
1325:
1318:
1311:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1273:
1268:
1254:Whyld, Kenneth
1246:
1241:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1184:
1170:
1145:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1005:
998:
991:
984:
977:
970:
963:
957:
955:
951:
950:
948:
945:
942:
939:
936:
933:
930:
927:
924:
919:
916:
915:
904:
901:
900:
899:
896:
895:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
865:
862:
858:
857:
854:
850:
849:
846:
842:
841:
838:
834:
833:
830:
826:
825:
822:
818:
817:
814:
810:
809:
806:
798:
791:
784:
777:
770:
763:
756:
749:
742:
735:
728:
721:
714:
708:
706:
702:
701:
699:
696:
693:
690:
687:
684:
681:
678:
675:
670:
667:
666:
655:
652:
651:
650:
647:
646:
644:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
616:
613:
609:
608:
605:
601:
600:
597:
593:
592:
589:
585:
584:
581:
577:
576:
573:
569:
568:
565:
561:
560:
557:
549:
542:
535:
528:
521:
514:
507:
501:
499:
495:
494:
492:
489:
486:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
463:
460:
459:
448:
445:
444:
443:
440:
439:
437:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
409:
406:
402:
401:
398:
394:
393:
390:
386:
385:
382:
378:
377:
374:
370:
369:
366:
362:
361:
358:
354:
353:
350:
342:
335:
328:
321:
314:
307:
300:
294:
292:
288:
287:
285:
282:
279:
276:
273:
270:
267:
264:
261:
256:
253:
252:
239:
236:
235:
234:
228:
225:Bird's Opening
222:
215:
209:
206:
200:
194:
188:
185:Petrov Defence
182:
176:
170:
140:Queen's Gambit
138:) including a
132:Bird's Opening
106:
103:
94:
93:
41:chess problems
37:chess openings
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3142:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3064:
3061:
3055:
3054:Solving chess
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3044:Chess prodigy
3042:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3027:Chess problem
3025:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3002:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2971:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2935:opening books
2933:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2923:short stories
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2876:Art and media
2874:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2753:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2727:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2688:triangulation
2686:
2684:
2683:Tarrasch rule
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2643:Queen vs rook
2641:
2639:
2638:Queen vs pawn
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2494:London System
2492:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2452:Modern Benoni
2450:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2432:Dutch Defence
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2411:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2309:King's Gambit
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2224:Grob's Attack
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2214:Dunst Opening
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2204:Benko Opening
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2196:Flank opening
2193:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1951:Transposition
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1701:Chess museums
1699:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1669:Notable games
1667:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1554:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1459:
1458:World records
1456:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1429:Rating system
1427:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1324:
1319:
1317:
1312:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1294:
1292:0-19-827403-3
1288:
1284:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1269:0-19-280049-3
1265:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1250:Hooper, David
1247:
1244:
1242:0-7134-4607-2
1238:
1234:
1229:
1228:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1114:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1014:
953:
952:
949:
946:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
923:
922:
917:Göttingen 24
907:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
868:
867:
863:
860:
859:
855:
852:
851:
847:
844:
843:
839:
836:
835:
831:
828:
827:
823:
820:
819:
815:
812:
811:
807:
704:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
674:
673:
668:Göttingen 20
658:
645:
642:
639:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
619:
618:
614:
611:
610:
606:
603:
602:
598:
595:
594:
590:
587:
586:
582:
579:
578:
574:
571:
570:
566:
563:
562:
558:
497:
496:
493:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
469:
467:
466:
461:Göttingen 18
451:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
412:
411:
407:
404:
403:
399:
396:
395:
391:
388:
387:
383:
380:
379:
375:
372:
371:
367:
364:
363:
359:
356:
355:
351:
290:
289:
286:
283:
280:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
260:
259:
251:
249:
245:
232:
229:
226:
223:
220:
219:London System
216:
213:
210:
207:
204:
201:
198:
195:
192:
189:
186:
183:
180:
177:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
163:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
123:
121:
117:
113:
98:
91:
89:
85:
81:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
51:
49:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
3000:Chess engine
2985:Chess boxing
2945:
2715:Wrong bishop
2562:theory table
2536:Torre Attack
2519:Slav Defence
2427:Colle System
2402:Scheveningen
2361:Pirc Defence
2304:Italian Game
2299:Giuoco Piano
2244:Réti Opening
2167:Piece values
2155:Maróczy Bind
2116:the exchange
2106:Compensation
2036:Interference
2026:Double check
1800:Time control
1787:
1761:by agreement
1689:grandmasters
1633:South Africa
1584:
1583:
1576:
1552:Score sheets
1498:Chess pieces
1405:Online chess
1351:Chess titles
1346:Chess theory
1280:
1257:
1232:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1187:
1173:
1156:(1975) that
1153:
1148:
1139:
1131:
1112:
905:
656:
453:1.Qb7 2.Qd5#
449:
254:Göttingen 5
241:
179:Giuoco Piano
130:) and 1.f4 (
124:
108:
55:modern chess
52:
47:
20:
18:
3100:Chess books
2930:Chess books
2730:Tournaments
2584:Fool's mate
2349:Vienna Game
2339:Scotch Game
2172:Prophylaxis
2088:Zwischenzug
2073:Undermining
2041:Overloading
2001:Combination
1850:descriptive
1545:Chess table
1540:Chess clock
1356:Grandmaster
1216:Murray 1913
1154:Schach Echo
1136:Murray 1913
248:Murray 1913
160:Murray 1913
120:Murray 1913
73:, although
27:. It is a
3094:Categories
3037:joke chess
2990:Chess club
2678:opposition
2135:Middlegame
2123:Initiative
2046:Pawn storm
2011:Deflection
1882:Key square
1872:Fianchetto
1805:Fast chess
1789:En passant
1481:chessboard
1225:References
1193:Eales 1985
1180:Eales 1985
1166:Eales 1985
116:Eales 1985
3020:Stockfish
3010:Deep Blue
3005:AlphaZero
2913:paintings
2705:Tablebase
2669:Strategy
2574:Irregular
2329:Ruy Lopez
2289:Open Game
2056:Sacrifice
2016:Desperado
1919:connected
1892:Open file
1887:King walk
1845:algebraic
1776:Stalemate
1751:Checkmate
1476:Chess set
1468:Equipment
1113:Solution:
906:Solution:
657:Solution:
450:Solution:
197:Ruy Lopez
112:Checkmate
3079:Category
3032:glossary
2693:Zugzwang
2673:fortress
2605:Endgames
2514:Declined
2509:Accepted
2187:Openings
2145:Hedgehog
2111:Exchange
2098:Strategy
2078:Windmill
1929:isolated
1914:backward
1736:Castling
1679:amateurs
1572:Timeline
1446:Variants
1400:Glossary
1383:software
1368:glossary
1279:(1913),
1201:alphinus
238:Problems
122:, 783).
105:Openings
84:Portugal
75:castling
45:Lucena's
2980:Arbiter
2973:Related
2830:Solving
2820:Amateur
2397:Najdorf
1979:Battery
1966:Tactics
1941:Swindle
1924:doubled
1904:Outpost
1835:Blunder
1650:Armenia
1564:History
1410:Premove
1378:engines
1373:matches
1338:Outline
1197:stultus
244:Damiano
2918:poetry
2908:novels
2883:Caïssa
2815:Senior
2805:Junior
2388:Dragon
2383:Alapin
2068:Skewer
1934:passed
1877:Gambit
1684:female
1645:Europe
1628:Africa
1523:Knight
1518:Bishop
1289:
1266:
1239:
1210:king's
233:(1.c4)
227:(1.f4)
118:, 78;
88:France
69:, and
67:bishop
2865:WCSCC
2810:Youth
2800:Blitz
2795:Rapid
2785:Women
2748:Women
2700:Study
2550:Other
2083:X-ray
2006:Decoy
1991:Block
1946:Tempo
1909:Pawns
1827:Terms
1746:Check
1728:Rules
1662:India
1655:Spain
1640:China
1533:Fairy
1508:Queen
1439:norms
1330:Chess
1124:Notes
80:Spain
71:queen
59:rules
29:Latin
25:chess
2903:film
2860:WCCC
2855:TCEC
2845:CSVN
2790:Team
2760:List
2031:Fork
1956:Trap
1756:Draw
1528:Pawn
1513:Rook
1503:King
1451:List
1420:list
1395:FIDE
1287:ISBN
1264:ISBN
1237:ISBN
1212:leap
63:pawn
19:The
2840:CCC
2051:Pin
1855:PGN
1205:fou
82:or
3096::
1252:;
65:,
2390:/
1322:e
1315:t
1308:v
1099:h
1096:g
1093:f
1090:e
1087:d
1084:c
1081:b
1078:a
1071:1
1068:1
1063:2
1060:2
1055:3
1052:3
1047:4
1044:4
1039:5
1036:5
1031:6
1028:6
1023:7
1020:7
1015:8
954:8
947:h
944:g
941:f
938:e
935:d
932:c
929:b
926:a
892:h
889:g
886:f
883:e
880:d
877:c
874:b
871:a
864:1
861:1
856:2
853:2
848:3
845:3
840:4
837:4
832:5
829:5
824:6
821:6
816:7
813:7
808:8
705:8
698:h
695:g
692:f
689:e
686:d
683:c
680:b
677:a
643:h
640:g
637:f
634:e
631:d
628:c
625:b
622:a
615:1
612:1
607:2
604:2
599:3
596:3
591:4
588:4
583:5
580:5
575:6
572:6
567:7
564:7
559:8
498:8
491:h
488:g
485:f
482:e
479:d
476:c
473:b
470:a
436:h
433:g
430:f
427:e
424:d
421:c
418:b
415:a
408:1
405:1
400:2
397:2
392:3
389:3
384:4
381:4
376:5
373:5
368:6
365:6
360:7
357:7
352:8
291:8
284:h
281:g
278:f
275:e
272:d
269:c
266:b
263:a
221:)
126:(
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