History of Bristol

1218: 1311: 713:, which was trying to control North Atlantic trade at this time, sought to cut off supplies to English merchants. It has often been suggested that this drove Bristol's merchants to look West for new sources of cod fish. On the other hand, while Bristol merchants did largely abandon Iceland in the late-15th century, Hull merchants continued to trade there. Moreover, recent research has shown that England's fisheries off Iceland actually grew significantly from the 1490s, albeit the centre for this activity shifted from Bristol to East Anglia. This makes it hard to sustain the argument that Bristol merchants were somehow 'pushed out' of Iceland. 1442: 949: 19: 1264: 683: 369: 1234: 1226: 650: 6098: 1171: 774: 552: 1576:. Bristol's city centre also suffered severe damage, especially in November and December 1940, when the Broadmead area was flattened, and Hitler claimed to have destroyed the city. The original central area, near the bridge and castle, is still a park featuring two bombed out churches and some fragments of the castle. Slightly to the north, the 722:. There was no mention of the island being discovered but Croft was prosecuted for illegal exports of salt, on the grounds that, as a customs officer, he should not have engaged in trade. Professor David Beers Quinn, whose theories form the basis for a variety of popular histories, suggested that the explorers may have discovered the 1244:, the only way of crossing the river without using a ferry, was rebuilt between 1764 and 1768. The earlier medieval bridge was too narrow and congested to cope with the amount of traffic that needed to use it. A toll was charged to pay for the works, and when, in 1793, the toll was extended for a further period of time the 570:, was the principal import. In addition the town conducted an extensive trade with the Anglo-Irish ports of southern Ireland, such as Waterford and Cork, as well as with Portugal. From about 1420–1480 the port also traded with Iceland, from which it imported a type of freeze-dried cod called 'stockfish'. 855:

Trade continued to grow: by the mid-16th century imports from Europe included, wine, olive oil, iron, figs and other dried fruits and dyes; exports included cloth (both cotton and wool), lead and hides. Many of the city's leading merchants were involved in smuggling at this time, illicitly exporting

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on 26 July 1643, in the process causing extensive damage to both town and castle. The Royalist forces captured large amounts of booty and also eight armed merchant vessels which became the nucleus of the Royalist fleet. Workshops in the city became arms factories, providing muskets for the Royalist

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proclaimed "that the town of Bristol with its suburbs and precincts shall henceforth be separate from the counties of Gloucester and Somerset and be in all things exempt both by land by sea, and that it should be a county by itself, to be called the county of Bristol in perpetuity." This meant that

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who had seized the throne on Henry's death. Stephen attempted to lay siege to Robert at Bristol in 1138 but gave up the attempt as the castle appeared impregnable. When Stephen was captured in 1141 he was imprisoned in the castle, but when Robert was captured by Stephen's forces, Matilda was forced

1684:. Since the 1990s this trend has been reversed, with the closure of some main roads and the regeneration of the Broadmead shopping centre. In 2006 one of the city centre's tallest post-war blocks was torn down. Social housing tower blocks have also been demolished to be replaced by low rise homes. 980:

marched on Bristol. Prince Rupert returned to organise the defence of the city. The Parliamentary forces besieged the city and after three weeks attacked, eventually forcing Rupert to surrender on 10 September. The First Civil War ended the following year. There were no further military actions in

1255:(1793) and the abolition of the slave trade (1807) contributed to the city's failure to keep pace with the newer manufacturing centres of the North and Midlands. The cotton industry failed to develop in the city; sugar, brass and glass production went into decline. Abraham Darby left Bristol for 251:

have found a street pattern, shops, cemeteries and wharves, indicating that the town served as a port. Another settlement at what is now Inns Court, Filwood, had possibly developed from earlier Iron Age farmsteads. There were also isolated villas and small settlements throughout the area, notably

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had fled before the arrival of the royal commissioners, and at Whitefriars a succession of departing priors had plundered the friary of its valuables. Although the commissioners had not been able to point to as much religious malpractice in Bristol as elsewhere, there is no record of Bristolians

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on his voyage in 1497, looking for a new route to the Orient. Having discovered North America instead, on his return Cabot spoke of the great quantities of cod to be found near the new land. In 1498 Cabot set sail again from Bristol with an expedition of five ships and is believed to have never

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visited the city, the inhabitants complained about their economic decline. Such complaints, however, were not uncommon among corporations that wished to avoid paying taxes, or which hoped to secure concessions from the Crown. In reality, Bristol's customs accounts show that the port's trade was

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no reimbursement was made for these supplies. The corporation also had to repair the walls and gates of the city. The castle had fallen into disuse in the late Tudor era, but the City authorities had no control over royal property and the precincts became a refuge for lawbreakers.

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in 1453 meant that Britain, and thus Bristol, lost its access to Gascon wines and so imports of Spanish and Portuguese wines increased. Imports from Ireland included fish, hides and cloth (probably linen). Exports to Ireland included broadcloth, foodstuffs, clothing and metals.

903:. The visit featured a pageant on the river, with an English ship attacked by Turkish galleys, which the queen watched from the Canon's Marsh meadow near the Cathedral. An English victory was signalled by the release of six bladders of pig's blood poured out of the ship's 665:

It has been suggested that the decline of Bristol's Iceland trade for 'stockfish' (freeze dried cod) was a hard blow to the local economy, encouraging Bristol merchants to turn west, launching unsuccessful voyages of exploration in the Atlantic by 1480 in search of the

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The late 18th and early 19th centuries saw the construction of a floating harbour, advances in shipbuilding and further industrialisation with the growth of the glass, paper, soap and chemical industries aided by the establishment of Bristol as the terminus of the

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when his advanced ideas for iron production received no backing from local investors. Buchanan and Cossons cite "a certain complacency and inertia which was a serious handicap in the adjustment to new conditions in the Industrial Revolution period."

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was established in the city, without which Jews would not have been legally allowed to conduct business. In 1210, all Jewish householders in England were imprisoned in Bristol and a hefty levy of 60,000 or 66,000 marks was imposed on them. During the

674:. More recent research, however, has shown that the Iceland trade was never more than a minor part of Bristol's overseas trade and that the English fisheries off Iceland actually increased during the late 15th and 16th centuries. In 1487, when king 1691:, seven miles (11 km) downstream from the city centre, relieved congestion in the central zone of Bristol and allowed substantial redevelopment of the old central dock area (the Floating Harbour) in the late 20th century. The deep-water 1095:. Water power from tributaries of the Avon drove the hammers in the brass batteries, until the development of steam power in the later 18th century. Glass, soap, sugar, paper and chemical industries also developed along the Avon valley. 1377:. The Reform Act was passed in 1832 and the city boundaries were expanded for the first time since 1373 to include "Clifton, the parishes of St. James, St. Paul, St. Philip, and parts of the parishes of Bedminster and Westbury". The 1731:

were the lead developers constructing 450 new flats, homes and waterside offices, under the guidance of The Harbourside Sponsors' Group which is a partnership between the City Council, developers, businesses, and public funders.

1706:

At one time the continued existence of the old central docks was in jeopardy as it was seen merely as derelict industry rather than an asset to be developed for public use. Since the 1980s millions of pounds have been spent

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for Bristol in 1774 and campaigned for free trade, Catholic emancipation and the rights of the American colonists, but he angered his merchant sponsors with his detestation of the slave trade and lost the seat in 1780.

439:. Her dowry was a large part of her father's Gloucestershire and Welsh estate and Robert of Caen became the first Earl of Gloucester, c. 1122. He is believed to have been responsible for completing Bristol castle. 1287:) in 1804–1809 failed to overcome. Nevertheless, Bristol's population (61,000 in 1801) grew fivefold during the 19th century, supported by growing commerce. It was particularly associated with the leading engineer 1837: 1070:

The slave trade and the consequent demand for cheap brass ware for export to Africa caused a boom in the copper and brass manufacturing industries of the Avon valley, which in turn encouraged the progress of the

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origin, in 1480 he was one of the four venturers granted a licence "to trade in any parts". Renewed growth came with the 17th-century rise of England's American colonies and the rapid 18th-century expansion of

4440: 1918: 52:. It has been among the country's largest and most economically and culturally important cities for eight centuries. The Bristol area has been settled since the Stone Age and there is evidence of 1862: 1795: 869:

through the western counties. The city burgesses spent over one thousand pounds on preparations and entertainments, most of which was raised by special rate assessments. In 1577 the explorer

284:

and Avon at some time before the early 11th century. The main evidence for this is a coin of Aethelred issued c. 1010. This shows that the settlement must have been a market town and the name

842:, St Mary Magdalen, Greyfriars and Whitefriars for a total of a thousand pounds. Bristol thereby became the only municipality in the country which has its own chapel, at St Mark's. 431:. Fitzhamon enlarged and strengthened Bristol castle and in the latter years of the 11th century conquered and subdued much of south and west Wales. His daughter Mabel was married in 1114 to 1618:, the first supersonic airliner was built in the 1960s, first flying in 1969. The aircraft never achieved commercial success, but its development did lay the foundation for the successful 1614:

was a large trans-Atlantic airliner built in the late 1940s, based on developments in heavy bombers during the World War, but it received no sales orders and never went into production.

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In the 1980s the financial services sector became a major employer in the city and surrounding areas, such as the business parks on the northern fringe of what was now referred to as

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is still a prominent manufacturing site for BAE Systems in the 21st century. The Bristol Aeroplane Company's engine department became a subsidiary company Bristol Aero Engines, then

756:, explored down the coast of North America until he was 'almost in the latitude of Gibraltar' and 'almost the longitude of Cuba'. This would suggest that he reached as far as the 1047:

to the Americas in brutal conditions. Average profits per voyage were seventy per cent and more than fifteen per cent of the Africans transported died or were murdered on the

4861: 1373:. Local magistrate Sir Charles Wetherall, a strong opponent of the Bill, visited Bristol to open the new Assize Courts and an angry mob chased him to the Mansion House in 3745: 1279:

The long passage up the heavily tidal Avon Gorge, which had made the port highly secure during the Middle Ages, had become a liability which the construction of a new "

5555: 4711: 349:, whose diocese included Bristol, preached against the trade regularly and eventually it was forbidden by the crown, though it carried on in secret for many years. 5528: 1318:

The new middle class, led by those who agitated against the slave trade, in the city began to engage in charitable works. Notable were Mary Carpenter, who founded

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for areas south of the Avon which had been part of Somerset. The city walls extended into Redcliffe and across the eastern part of the march which now became the

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As with other British cities, there was immigration from various Commonwealth countries in the post war years, which did lead to some racist tension. In 1963, a

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of 1348–49. The plague inflicted a prolonged demographic setback, with the population estimated at between 10,000 and 12,000 during the 15th and 16th centuries.

642:. He is said to have owned ten ships and employed over 800 sailors. In later life he became a priest and spent a considerable part of his fortune in rebuilding 95:. Bristol became a city in 1542 and trade across the Atlantic developed. The city was captured by Royalist troops and then recaptured for Parliament during the 3432: 2514:

I. Blair, J. Hillaby, I. Howell, R. Sermon and B. Watson, 'The discovery of two medieval mikva'ot in London and a reinterpretation of the Bristol "mikveh"',

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raising any objections to the royal seizures. In 1541 Bristol's civic leaders took the opportunity of buying up lands and properties formerly belonging to

527:, the city's archa was burned and the Jewish community was violently attacked. There was another attack in 1275, but without fatalities. The community was 4916: 1926: 1350:, was founded in 1876 and the former Merchant Venturers Navigation School became the Merchant Venturers College in 1894. This later formed the nucleus of 1120:, started some of the earliest campaigns against the practice. Prominent local opponents of both the trade and the institution of slavery itself included 5055:

Book of British Topography: a Classified Catalogue of the Topographical Works in the Library of the British Museum Relating to Great Britain and Ireland

490:. In 1148 the abbey church was dedicated by the bishops of Exeter, Llandaff, and St. Asaph, and during Fitzharding's lifetime the abbey also built the 5419: 1870: 1803: 562:

By the 13th century Bristol had become a busy port. Woollen cloth became its main export during the fourteenth to fifteenth century, while wine from

5548: 3719: 3200: 2456: 4586: 3501:"Lottery Fund rejects Bristol application in support of a major exhibition to commemorate the 200th Anniversary of the Abolition of the Slave Trade" 3458: 64:

era, gaining a charter and county status in 1373. The change in the form of the name 'Bristol' is due to the local pronunciation of 'ow' as 'ol'.

1378: 337:

was a major centre for the Anglo-Saxon slave trade. Men, women and children captured in Wales or northern England were traded through Bristol to

1214:. Kingswood is the site of a recent archaeological excavation (2014) which uncovered the diversity of artisans living in the area at the time. 1129: 692:. This was drawn by Robert Ricart after he became the common clerk of the town in 1478. His drawing was the first such plan of an English town. 2425:

In 1171–72 Henry II gave Dublin to the citizens of Bristol, which meant the Bristol merchants were entrusted with the process of colonization.

482:, a wealthy Bristolian who had loyally supported the Earl and Matilda in the war. As a reward for this support he would later be made Lord of 5538: 4685: 2551:

E.M. Carus-Wilson, 'The Iceland trade' in E. Power & M.M. Postan (eds.), Studies in English Trade in the Fifteenth Century (London, 1933)

639: 5363: 4638: 3575: 2740: 4346: 3528: 977: 5199: 4560: 2725: 2173: 679:

growing strongly during the last two decades of the fifteenth century. In great part this was due to the increase of trade with Spain.

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From 1499 to 1508 a number of other expeditions were launched from Bristol to the 'New found land', the earliest being undertaken by

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arrived in the city with two ships and samples of ore, which proved to be worthless. He also brought, according to Latimer "three

4869: 1892: 5726: 4122: 3869: 3090: 2997:

Letter: Raimondo de Raimondi de Soncino, Milanese Ambassador in England, to Ludvico Maria Sforza, Duke of Milan, 18 December 1497

2483: 2090: 1665:, along with creative and media enterprises become significant local employers as traditional manufacturing industries declined. 139:

manufacture and the city had become an important financial centre and high technology hub by the beginning of the 21st century.

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Antiquities of Bristow in the Middle Centuries: including the topography by William Wyrcestre, and the life of William Canynges

3810: 1766: 1534: 617: 555: 5285: 3897: 3749: 2666: 6128: 5404: 5259: 3017: 2625: 2575: 2411: 1751: 3554: 3359: 3336: 3313: 2565: 3597: 2189: 1681: 1538: 1396:

opened in Bristol, and what is now North Somerset and South Gloucestershire. Though these prompted the construction of the

1382: 4715: 3490:

In 1634, John Whitson established a school for girls, "to be apparelled in red", henceforth known as The Red Maids' School

2763: 455:, was kept safe in the castle, guarded and educated by his uncle Robert. The castle was later taken into royal hands, and 385: 6133: 1528: 5327: 5291: 4127: 3874: 3295: 3095: 2906: 5911: 4536: 4330: 4283: 4171: 3957: 3653: 3628: 3184: 3153: 2850: 2650: 2378: 2346: 2312: 2285: 2245: 2220: 2013: 1355: 810: 688: 531:

with the rest of England's Jews in 1290. There is a surviving Jewish ritual bath, from this time period now known as

3278: 2592: 2139: 1105: 5356: 2835: 1638: 1519:(formed in 1897) joined the Football League in 1901 and became runners up in the First Division in 1906 and losing 1207: 920: 818: 475: 4612: 3436: 1186:, to provide work for the poor and shelter for those needing charity, was established, adjacent to the Bridewell. 5944: 5592: 5543: 5443: 5426: 2452: 1756: 1565:

built at a cost of around £800,000, was opened linking the floating harbour to the expanding docks at Avonmouth.

1179: 1080: 616:. The major surviving part of the walls is visible adjacent to the only remaining gateway under the tower of the 4891: 4814: 705:'s voyage of exploration to North America. For many years Bristol merchants had bought freeze-dried cod, called 6004: 5622: 5617: 5587: 5414: 4394: 4299: 1407:

At the end of the 19th century the main industries were tobacco and cigarette manufacture, led by the dominant

1401: 1102: 794: 464: 436: 408:

were built by Geoffrey in his reign. After the Conqueror's death (1087), Geoffrey joined the rebellion against

346: 1217: 203:. Evidence of Iron Age farmsteads has been found at excavations throughout Bristol, including a settlement at 6034: 5751: 1462: 1113: 849: 208: 4417: 3125:. Victoria County History. Vol. 2. British History Online. pp. 74–79, 93, 99–101, 106–111, 114–119 280:, which lies about six miles from Bristol. The town of Bristol was founded on a low hill between the rivers 6138: 5881: 5771: 5612: 5577: 4980: 3500: 1454: 839: 806: 471: 5112: 5050: 4737: 3723: 3208: 1310: 1248:

ensued. 11 people were killed and 45 injured, making it one of the most deadly riots of the 18th century.

623:

By the mid-14th century Bristol is considered to have been England's third-largest town (after London and

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community of Bristol was one of the smaller communities in England. The Jews of Bristol were accused in a

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Accounts of the Constables of Bristol Castle in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries (p. xviii.)

1776: 1343: 5082: 4964: 294:(the tendency for the local accent to add a letter L to the end of some words) is what changed the name 6039: 5851: 5826: 5821: 5741: 5681: 5399: 3033:

Jones, Evan T. (2009). "Henry VII and the Bristol expeditions to North America: the Condon documents".

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William of Malmesbury – Historia Novella: The Contemporary History (Oxford Medieval Texts) (p. 50)

753: 377: 5436: 5092: 5016: 4948: 4689: 2436: 5901: 5891: 5816: 5786: 5746: 5686: 1596: 1568:

As the location of aircraft manufacture and a major port, Bristol was a target of bombing during the

1450: 1432: 1424: 1304: 749: 539:, this was subsequently re-evaluated as a Bet Tohorah, associated with the nearby Jewish cemetery at 483: 100: 4840: 2163: 1595:, which at that time refused to employ Black or Asian bus crews, was successfully challenged in the 1202:

in 1739, which is still in use in the 21st century. Wesley had come to Bristol at the invitation of

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In 1481 two local men, Thomas Croft and John Jay, sent off ships looking for the mythical island of

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before the main west gate, a gate tower, and magnificent hall. The castle was also used to imprison

5999: 5871: 5856: 5766: 5761: 5643: 5155:

Subject Index of the Modern Works Added to the Library of the British Museum in the Years 1881–1900

3253: 1052: 982: 718: 671: 532: 491: 253: 4229: 1723:, opened in 2000, with other Bristol tourist attractions. Private investors are also constructing 1505:, remained important until the 1970s. Other prominent industries included chocolate manufacturers 888:

in 1588, and also supplied two levies of men to the defending land forces. Despite appeals to the

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Transactions of the Corporation of the Poor, in the city of Bristol, during a period of 126 years

2719: 1600: 1592: 1466: 1288: 1149: 986: 926: 164:. Stone tools made from flint, chert, sandstone and quartzite have been found in terraces of the 4660: 2957:

W.R. Childs, 'England's Icelandic trade in the fifteenth century: The role of the port of Hull'

1557:. The city boundaries were extended to north and south to accommodate this growth. In 1926, the 313:

the church held three hides of land, which was a sizeable holding for a mere parish church. The

6054: 5924: 5886: 5831: 5731: 5607: 5448: 1746: 1677: 1498: 845: 834: 345:

rulers of Dublin would sell them on throughout the known world. The Saxon bishop of Worcester,

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before submitting to Rufus. He eventually returned to Normandy and died at Coutances in 1093.

6049: 6029: 6009: 5989: 5964: 5949: 5919: 5841: 5801: 5781: 5706: 5062: 2797: 2403: 1662: 1510: 1374: 1347: 1292: 1072: 798: 742: 727: 604: 524: 409: 315: 128: 104: 3292:

Inside the Illicit Economy: Reconstructing the Smugglers' Trade of Sixteenth Century Bristol

2336: 2302: 2116: 6074: 6059: 6044: 5984: 5974: 5896: 5756: 5671: 4763: 4074: 2793: 2060: 1922: 1866: 1833: 1799: 1408: 1251:

Competition from Liverpool from 1760, the disruption of maritime commerce through war with

1040: 1007: 1002: 830: 737: 675: 590: 582: 456: 401: 389: 328: 306: 281: 165: 4252: 1404:, it was difficult to make mining profitable, and the mines closed after nationalisation. 8: 6079: 6069: 6019: 5954: 5929: 5846: 5696: 5691: 5658: 5499: 5467: 5389: 5217:"An indispensable aid': Urban mobility, networks and the guidebook in Bristol, 1900–1930" 4788: 3898:"The Bristol Bridge Riot and Its Antecedents: Eighteenth-Century Perception of the Crowd" 3838:"Excavations in 2014 at Wade Street, Bristol - a documentary and archaeological analysis" 3118: 2692: 2561: 2538:

E.M. Carus Wilson, 'The overseas trade of Bristol' in E. Power & M.M. Postan (eds.),

1727:

buildings. The regeneration of the Canon's Marsh area is expected to cost £240 million.

1692: 1669: 1531:

was formed in 1870 and have been runners up in the County Championship many times since.

1524: 1506: 1490: 1478: 1397: 1351: 1245: 1039:. Over 2000 slaving voyages were made by Bristol ships between the late 17th century and 1020: 941: 916: 826: 600: 495: 452: 424: 393: 273: 112: 49: 5136: 4223: 4050: 3063:(Hakluyt Society, Second Series, No. 120, Cambridge University Press, 1962), pp. 266–69. 948: 519: 6064: 5994: 5939: 5861: 5836: 5806: 5701: 5638: 5597: 5494: 5372: 5238: 4960: 4525: 4026: 3720:"Speech to the Wilberforce Institute for the study of Slavery and Emancipation in Hull" 3176: 3170: 1956: 1896: 1761: 1711:

the harbourside. 1999 saw the redevelopment of the city centre and the construction of

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In 1135 Henry I died and the Earl of Gloucester rallied to the support of his sister

161: 96: 23: 3999: 2497:. Bristol: Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society: 73–86. Archived from 1051:. Some slaves were brought to Bristol, from the Caribbean; notable among these were 507:

in Ireland, Henry II gave Bristolians the right to reside in and trade from Dublin.

404:. William ordered stone castles to be built so it is likely that the first parts of 6024: 5969: 5959: 5736: 5711: 5533: 5489: 5228: 5184: 5180: 5158: 5070: 4197: 4118: 3901: 3865: 3845: 3814: 3682: 3091:"Cathedral Church of St Augustine, including Chapter House and cloisters (1202129)" 3086: 3042: 2670: 2190:"Bristol Town Duties: Chapter 1 – Origins of the grant of the town of Bristol" 1741: 1724: 1720: 1712: 1611: 1558: 1486: 1436: 1335: 1300: 1296: 1203: 1145: 1056: 1024: 870: 822: 710: 682: 638:. Born c. 1399, he was five times mayor of the town and twice represented it as an 447: 428: 381: 320: 309:, may have been another minster, possibly with 8th-century origins. By the time of 269: 265: 196: 18: 3701: 2484:"Jacob's Well, Bristol, Britain's only known medieval Jewish Ritual Bath (Mikveh)" 1327: 1263: 6084: 5776: 5582: 5462: 5431: 5331: 5125: 5005: 3772: 3299: 3282: 2843:

England's Sea Fisheries: The Commercial Fisheries of England and Wales since 1300

2615: 1728: 1700: 1696: 1546: 1497:

which is still based at Filton. Shipbuilding in the city docks, predominately by

1494: 1411:

company, paper and engineering. The port facilities were migrating downstream to

1370: 1339: 1280: 1165: 1076: 990: 896: 635: 574: 467:

from 1224, under relatively comfortable conditions, almost to her death in 1241.

443: 45: 1622:

series of airliners, parts of which are produced at Filton in the 21st century.

1599:, which was considered to have been instrumental in the eventual passage of the 1174:

The 1728 version of James Millerd's map of Bristol, originally published in 1671

608:

disputes could be settled in courts in Bristol rather than at Gloucester, or at

423:

Rufus created the Honour of Gloucester, which included Bristol, from his mother

368: 6102: 5648: 5314: 5074: 4097:"Badminton School, Bristol UK – Independent Girls Boarding and Day School" 3407: 1366: 1284: 1241: 1137: 1133: 1048: 1028: 1011: 957: 885: 881:, clothed in deerskins, but all of them died within a month of their arrival." 852:, a bluecoat school charged with 'the education of poor children and orphans'. 848:

was established in 1532 by the Thorne family and in 1596 John Carr established

757: 667: 487: 413: 405: 363: 240: 169: 116: 5324: 5233: 5216: 4175: 3686: 3671: 1233: 1225: 239:

which documents towns and distances in the Roman empire, and was connected to

6117: 5523: 5518: 5474: 5394: 5299: 5252:

Cabot and Bristol's Age of Discovery: The Bristol Discovery Voyages 1480–1508

5172: 5163: 3276:'Illicit business: accounting for smuggling in mid-sixteenth century Bristol' 3076:(Bristol Branch of the Historical Association 1996), pp. 7, 11–15, 21, 24–25. 3010:

Cabot and Bristol's Age of Discovery: The Bristol Discovery Voyages 1480–1508

2944:

E.M. Carus-Wilson, 'The Iceland trade' in E. Power & M.M. Postan (eds.),

2907:

Cabot and Bristol's Age of Discovery: The Bristol Discovery Voyages 1480–1508

2714: 2168: 1708: 1646: 1604: 1569: 1474: 1441: 1428: 1362: 1323: 1319: 1272: 1256: 1161: 1148:. The campaign itself proved to be the beginning of movements for reform and 1121: 938: 889: 310: 224: 5028: 5009: 5001: 3290: 589:

was constructed in St Augustine's Marsh to straighten out the course of the

518:

in 1183, but not many details are known. At the end of the 12th century, an

207:. There are also indications of seasonal occupation of the salt marshes at 91:

brought a steady increase in trade in wool, fish, wine and grain during the

5506: 5457: 5104: 2162: 1673: 1642: 1581: 1573: 1098: 1088: 900: 649: 277: 184: 157: 153: 132: 108: 53: 5280: 3230: 856:

goods like foodstuffs and leather, while under-declaring imports of wine.

5511: 4149: 3923: 3275: 3148:. Bristol: Bristol Branch of the Historical Association. pp. 10–20. 2524:

J. Hillaby and R. Sermon, Jacob's Well, Bristol: Mikveh or Bet Tohorah?,

2029: 1978: 1470: 1458: 1295:

between Bristol and London, two pioneering Bristol-built steamships, the

1187: 1125: 1117: 1064: 865: 860: 801:. The Dissolution also saw the surrender to the king of all of Bristol's 723: 628: 515: 272:

and is mentioned in a charter of 804. In 946 an outlaw named Leof killed

192: 180: 120: 92: 5192: 4498: 2718: 2177:. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 616. 305:

It appears that St Peter's church, the remains of which stand in modern

2729:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 223. 1716: 1562: 1541:

of some of the worst slums in the city centre. The new estates were at

1393: 1267:

Bristol harbour has played a prominent role in the history of Bristol.

1060: 1010:, a wealthy Bristol merchant has been identified as the first recorded 969: 814: 733: 702: 244: 188: 3486:

Bristol as it was and as it is, a record of 50 years' progress (p. 99)

2526:

Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society

2460: 2117:"Parishes: Chellington', A History of the County of Bedford: Volume 3" 327:

and later in 1062 he took ships from the town to subdue the forces of

5341: 4818: 4390: 4368: 3850: 3837: 1688: 1577: 1542: 1412: 1389: 1331: 1191: 1183: 973: 930: 741:

returned from this voyage, although recent research conducted at the

706: 609: 176: 4527:

Black and White on the Buses: The 1963 Colour Bar Dispute in Bristol

4096: 3788: 1607:, which highlighted the alienation of the city's ethnic minorities. 3789:"The New Room Bristol – John Wesley's Chapel in the Horsefair" 2341:. Victoria County History. British History Online. pp. 75–79. 2307:. Victoria County History. British History Online. pp. 74–75. 1919:"Archaeology – local information: Bristol in the Roman Period" 1615: 1554: 1502: 1449:

The British and Colonial Aeroplane Company, which later became the

1036: 965: 934: 802: 567: 503: 460: 417: 173: 136: 88: 41: 5123: 1170: 372:

Bristol Castle, as depicted on James Millerd's 1673 map of Bristol

5319: 1658: 1654: 1032: 1015: 904: 563: 397: 204: 200: 76: 72: 61: 37: 29: 4446:. UWE, Bristol: Faculty of the Built Environment. Archived from 1221:

18th-century map of the city and region around Bristol, England.

653:

Bristol's overseas trade as recorded in 1492/3 customs accounts.

551: 36:

with a population of nearly half a million people in south west

5275: 1863:"Archaeology – local information: Bristol in the Iron Age" 1796:"Archaeology – local information: Palaeolithic in Bristol" 1771: 1619: 1520: 1482: 1252: 1211: 1084: 1044: 773: 536: 451:

to exchange Stephen for Robert. Her son Henry, later to become

342: 338: 212: 80: 5041:

Black's Picturesque Tourist and Road-book of England and Wales

2880:

The Widening Gate: Bristol and the Atlantic Economy, 1450–1700

646:

church, which had been severely damaged by lightning in 1446.

4635:"Inward Investment: Key industries – Financial Services" 2593:"Bristol, a historical and topographical account of the city" 2140:"Bristol, a historical and topographical account of the city" 1610:

Bristol aviation continued to develop in post war years. The

884:

Bristol sent three ships to the Royal Navy fleet against the

786: 627:), with an estimated 15–20,000 inhabitants on the eve of the 578: 470:

The Earl of Gloucester had founded the Benedictine priory of

152:

There is evidence of settlement in the Bristol area from the

135:. In the early 20th century, Bristol was in the forefront of 84: 68: 4561:"'A Different Reality': minority struggle in British cities" 2794:"Ireland-Bristol Trade in Sixteenth century – Research" 2437:

Michael Adler, 'The Jews of Bristol in pre-expulsion days',

1827:"Palaeolithic Research Framework for the Bristol Avon basin" 1481:

established the reputation of the company. The main base at

1206:. He preached in the open air to miners and brickworkers in 956:

In the summer of 1645, Royalist forces were defeated by the

925:

In 1630 the city corporation bought the castle and when the

3433:"1643: Lansdown, Roundway Down and the storming of Bristol" 2974:(Hakluyt Society, Second Series, No. 120, CUP, 1962), p. 20 2741:"BBC – Bristol – The church of St Mary Redcliffe" 2613: 2522:(2001) 15-40. The argument was further elaborated in 2004: 1603:. In 1980 a police raid on a cafe in St Paul's sparked the 899:

came to Bristol in June 1613 and was welcomed by the mayor

782: 624: 511: 60:

by the 10th century and the town rose to prominence in the

33: 4637:. Southwest Regional Development Authority. Archived from 3924:"'Riot!' The Bristol Bridge Massacre of 1793 (audio file)" 2213:

Gesta Stephani (Oxford Medieval Texts) (pp. 37–38, 43–44.)

1043:

in 1807, carrying an estimated half a million people from

235:; this was important enough to feature in the 3rd-century 2368: 1650: 1537:

built over 15,000 houses between 1919 and 1939, enabling

288:

indicates "place by the bridge". It is believed that the

168:, most notably in the neighbourhoods of Shirehampton and 56:

occupation. A mint was established in the Saxon burgh of

3254:"The Bristol Shipping Industry in the Sixteenth Century" 2836:"England's Icelandic fishery in the Early Modern period" 2439:

Transactions of the Jewish Historical Society of England

1668:

Like much of British post-war planning, regeneration of

1063:

brought to Bristol by slave trader and plantation owner

199:. Bristol was at that time part of the territory of the 5044:(3rd ed.), Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1853 4278:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. pp. 224–225. 4245:"A Brief History of the Bristol and Somerset Coalfield" 3648:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. pp. 133–155. 3623:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. pp. 115–127. 3555:"Black Lives in England: The Slave Trade and Abolition" 3061:

The Cabot Voyages and Bristol Discovery Under Henry VII

2972:

The Cabot Voyages and Bristol Discovery Under Henry VII

709:, from Iceland for consumption in England. However the 331:

of Wales, indicating the status of the town as a port.

5556:

Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)

5203:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 579–582. 933:

side and partly restored the fortifications. However

5061: 4273: 3952:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. pp. 16–19. 3947: 3643: 3618: 2614:

Myers, Alec Reginald; Douglas, David Charles (1996).

2481: 1182:

was established at the end of the 17th century and a

5127:

Bibliographer's Manual of Gloucestershire Literature

5048: 2755: 1338:

was started in Badminton House, Clifton in 1858 and

5561:

Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)

4892:"New Harbourside development given the green light" 4117: 3864: 3459:"1645: the battle of Langport and siege of Bristol" 3085: 1381:in the city were revised in 1885 when the original 585:, c. 1247 and between the years of 1240 and 1247 a 5292:"Pictorial Record of Bristol's History (timeline)" 5177:Municipal Year Book of the United Kingdom for 1908 4959: 4524: 4438: 4302:. glostransporthistory.visit-gloucestershire.co.uk 4052:The "Canynge" concise guide to Bristol and Suburbs 3670: 3146:The Suppression of the Religious Houses in Bristol 2882:(University of California Press, 1991), pp. 21–24. 2570:. Chicago: Chicago University Press. p. 182. 2395: 2210: 573:In 1147 Bristol men and ships had assisted in the 156:era, with 60,000-year-old archaeological finds at 3395:A Chronological Outline of the History of Bristol 3256:. Unpublished PhD, Edinburgh. pp. Appendix 5 2946:Studies in English Trade in the Fifteenth Century 2841:. In Starkey, D.; Reid, C.; Ashcroft, N. (eds.). 2540:Studies in English Trade in the Fifteenth Century 2457:The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot 1824: 1415:and new industrial complexes were founded there. 6115: 4276:The Industrial Archaeology of the Bristol Region 4075:"George Müller of Bristol, by Arthur T. Pierson" 3992: 3950:The Industrial Archaeology of the Bristol Region 3900:. Bradley University, Peoria, IL. Archived from 3646:The Industrial Archaeology of the Bristol Region 3621:The Industrial Archaeology of the Bristol Region 1699:in the 1970s and following privatisation of the 634:One of the first great merchants of Bristol was 5152: 5134: 4225:The Annals of Bristol in the Nineteenth Century 4031:. Bristol: W. & F. Morgan. pp. 276–278 4028:The Annals of Bristol in the Nineteenth Century 2985:England and the Discovery of America, 1481–1620 2829: 2827: 2819:England and the Discovery of America, 1480–1620 2338:A History of the County of Gloucester: Volume 2 2304:A History of the County of Gloucester: Volume 2 2181: 412:. Using Bristol as his headquarters, he burned 5099:(4th ed.), Leipsic: Karl Baedeker, 1897, 2910:(University of Bristol, Nov. 2016), pp. 37–38. 2893:Anglo-Castilian Trade in the Later Middle Ages 1825:Bates, M.R.; Wenban-Smith, F.F. (March 2005). 577:, which led to that city's recapture from the 5357: 5171: 5124:Francis Adams Hyett; William Bazeley (1897). 5110: 4978: 3384:, vol. 2 (London, 1828), pp. 646-7, 661, 664. 2669:. Bristol Tourist Information. Archived from 2034:The Medieval and Classical Literature Library 1983:The Medieval and Classical Literature Library 1075:in the area. Prominent manufacturers such as 276:in a brawl at a feast in the royal palace at 5296:Memories of Bristol England Past and Present 5250:Jones, Evan T.; Condon, Margaret M. (2016). 4764:"Rockingham House, Lawrence Weston, Bristol" 4274:Buchanan, R.A.; Cossons, Neil (1969). "10". 3681:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 3245: 3175:. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 3116: 3008:Jones, Evan T.; Condon, Margaret M. (2016). 2824: 2334: 2300: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1944: 1527:(formed in 1883) joined the league in 1920. 147: 115:and free trade. Prominent reformers such as 5249: 4518: 4516: 4000:"British Newspapers – Bristol Mercury" 3748:. discoveringbristol.org.uk. Archived from 3662: 3644:Buchanan, R.A.; Cossons, Neil (1969). "6". 3619:Buchanan, R.A.; Cossons, Neil (1969). "5". 3007: 768: 701:In 1497 Bristol was the starting point for 593:and provide more space for berthing ships. 486:. The abbey was a monastery of Augustinian 5364: 5350: 4991: 4347:"Charles Hill and Sons – GracesGuide" 3972: 3531:. National Maritime Museum. Archived from 3461:. british-civil-wars.co.uk. Archived from 3435:. british-civil-wars.co.uk. Archived from 2919: 2393: 2373:. London: Lund Humphries. pp. 16–18. 2369:Gomme, A.; Jenner, M.; Little, B. (1979). 1155: 501:In 1172, following the subjugation of the 5603:History of monarchy in the United Kingdom 5232: 5162: 5117:Bibliography of British Municipal History 3849: 3813:. methodistrecorder.co.uk. Archived from 3777:. Broadmead, Bristol: P. Rose. p. 4. 2445: 2084: 2082: 2080: 2078: 1941: 752:. One of these, led by John Cabot's son, 603:were incorporated into the city in 1373. 99:. During the 17th and 18th centuries the 5214: 5153:G. K. Fortescue, ed. (1902). "Bristol". 4987:, vol. 4, London: J. Robins and Co. 4587:"Contents of an Aviation Heritage story" 4513: 4432: 3713: 3711: 3508:British Empire & Commonwealth Museum 2845:. Chatham Publishing. pp. 105–110. 2713: 2640: 2634: 2554: 1440: 1309: 1262: 1232: 1224: 1216: 1169: 947: 772: 681: 648: 550: 367: 17: 4949:Timeline of Bristol § Bibliography 4522: 4221: 4024: 4018: 3770: 3678:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 3357: 3334: 3311: 2791: 2761: 2707: 2560: 2518:(Jewish Historical Society of England) 2402:. Oxford University Press, US. p. 1388:Bristol lies on one of the UK's lesser 993:ordered the destruction of the castle. 760:, close to what is now Washington D.C. 6116: 5371: 4666:. Office for National Statistics. 1991 4314: 4242: 4228:. Bristol: W.& F. Morgan. p. 4123:"Clifton College Big School (1282342)" 3975:"A Bristol Visit Anchored in the Past" 3948:Buchanan, R.A.; Cossons, Neil (1969). 3835: 3143: 2904:Evan T. Jones and Margaret M. Condon, 2865:E.M. Carus-Wilson, and Olive Coleman, 2617:English Historical Documents 1327–1485 2590: 2482:Emanuel, R.R.; Ponsford, M.W. (1994). 2275: 2235: 2137: 2075: 1767:History of local government in Bristol 1637:, Frampton Cottrell and Winterbourne, 1445:Bristol Bridge seen across the Harbour 1112:Anti-slavery campaigners, inspired by 1087:and Keynsham which used ores from the 952:Southeast Prospect of Bristoll in 1673 805:and monastic hospitals, together with 581:. A stone bridge was built across the 5345: 5325:Photographic Record of Bristol's Past 5320:History of Bristol Past & Present 4994:The New Guide, or, Picture of Bristol 4320: 3717: 3708: 3483: 3251: 3168: 3123:A History of the County of Gloucester 3032: 2833: 2441:, 12 (1931 for 1928-1931) pp. 174-86. 2260: 2160: 2093:. buildinghistory.org. Archived from 2088: 2059:. buildinghistory.org. Archived from 2054: 2003: 1954: 1752:Buildings and architecture of Bristol 929:broke out in 1642, the city took the 5119:. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co. 5067:North-East Ports and Bristol Channel 4418:"A brief history of Gloucestershire" 4198:"The Bristol 1832 Reform Bill riots" 4055:. Bristol: Jeffries & Sons. 1878 3764: 3668: 3172:Pevsner Architectural Guide, Bristol 2187: 1997: 1649:. High technology companies such as 1584:were built over bomb-damaged areas. 1383:Bristol (UK Parliament constituency) 910: 558:with the tower over the city gateway 546: 123:campaigned against the slave trade. 4971:, vol. 13, London: J. Harris, 4817:. bristolport.co.uk. Archived from 4815:"About – Bristol Port Company" 4688:. Invest in Bristol. Archived from 4415: 4323:British Aerospace. A proud Heritage 3576:"Black presence: Learning journeys" 3521: 3079: 2567:England and the Crusades, 1095–1588 2280:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2211:Potter, K.R.; R.H.C. Davis (1976). 2057:"The Saxon Slave-Market in Bristol" 2030:"The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Part 5" 1979:"The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: Part 3" 1895:. roman-britain.org. Archived from 1703:has become financially successful. 1529:Gloucestershire County Cricket Club 1314:A map of Bristol published in 1866. 384:was erected on the present site of 13: 5613:History of the politics of England 4942: 4789:"Flats demolition plan criticised" 4712:"Cabot Circus, Broadmead, Bristol" 4397:from the original on 20 April 2010 4393:. Football Club History Database. 4128:National Heritage List for England 3973:Zimmermann, Karl (26 March 1989). 3875:National Heritage List for England 3096:National Heritage List for England 2394:Kilfeather, Siobhán Marie (2005). 1672:was characterised by large, cheap 1083:developed extensive works between 968:. Following further victories at 268:was founded in the 8th century at 14: 6150: 5608:History of the economy of England 5269: 4738:"Demolition of city tower begins" 4439:Malpass, Peter; Walmsley, Jenny. 3895: 3669:Paul, Langford (September 2004). 2743:. news.bbc.co.uk. 22 October 2008 2453:"The Jewish Community of Bristol" 2371:Bristol: an architectural history 1418: 1356:University of the West of England 825:. In the case of the friaries at 689:The Maire of Bristowe is Kalendar 6096: 5069:. Newcastle-upon-Tyne: A. Reid. 4909: 4884: 4854: 4833: 4807: 4781: 4756: 4730: 4704: 4678: 4653: 4627: 4613:"BBC Inside Out – Concorde" 4605: 4579: 4552: 4491: 4465: 4409: 4383: 4371:. Football Club History Database 4361: 4339: 4292: 4267: 4236: 4215: 4190: 4172:"A brief history of Bristol UWE" 3722:. culture.gov.uk. Archived from 3484:Stone, George Frederick (1909). 3047:10.1111/j.1468-2281.2009.00519.x 2867:England's Export Trade 1275–1547 921:Bristol in the English Civil War 247:. Archaeological excavations at 111:, MP for Bristol, supported the 5593:History of education in England 5221:Journal of Historical Geography 5130:. Vol. 3: City of Bristol. 4563:. warwick.ac.uk. Archived from 4558: 4531:. Bristol: Bristol Broadsides. 4325:. Wotton-under-Edge: G. Green. 4164: 4142: 4111: 4089: 4067: 4043: 3966: 3941: 3916: 3889: 3858: 3829: 3803: 3781: 3738: 3637: 3612: 3590: 3568: 3547: 3493: 3477: 3451: 3425: 3400: 3387: 3374: 3351: 3328: 3305: 3268: 3223: 3193: 3162: 3137: 3110: 3066: 3053: 3026: 3001: 2990: 2977: 2964: 2951: 2938: 2913: 2898: 2885: 2872: 2859: 2811: 2785: 2733: 2685: 2659: 2607: 2584: 2545: 2532: 2508: 2475: 2430: 2387: 2362: 2328: 2294: 2269: 2254: 2229: 2204: 2154: 2131: 2109: 2048: 1955:Manco, Jean (12 October 2007). 1757:History of Bristol City Council 1180:Bristol Corporation of the Poor 763: 745:, suggests that he might have. 459:spent lavishly on it, adding a 5588:Government in medieval England 5254:. Cabot Project Publications. 4862:"Development areas in Bristol" 4686:"Reasons to Invest in Bristol" 4441:"100 years of council housing" 3672:"Burke, Edmund (1729/30–1797)" 3289:, 54 (2001). Jones, Evan T., 3119:"6, 7, 12, 15, 20, 21, 26, 27" 3012:. Cabot Project Publications. 2278:Building Accounts of Henry III 2091:"Bristol Past: Bristol Castle" 2022: 1971: 1957:"The Saxon Origins of Bristol" 1911: 1885: 1855: 1818: 1788: 1509:and wine and sherry importers 996: 795:Dissolution of the Monasteries 696: 465:Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany 352: 1: 5209:Published in the 21st century 5147:Published in the 20th century 5049:John Parker Anderson (1881), 4969:Beauties of England and Wales 4954:Published in the 19th century 3928:Bristol Radical History Group 3397:(Bristol, 1824), pp. 169-170. 3382:Progresses of James the First 3074:St Augustine's Abbey, Bristol 1782: 1365:of 1831 took place after the 811:St Mary Magdalen nunnery 618:Church of St John the Baptist 556:Church of St John the Baptist 427:'s estates and granted it to 357: 227:there was a settlement named 142: 6129:History of England by county 5578:English overseas possessions 5023:, London: James Wyld, 1839, 3718:Lammy, David (18 May 2007). 3702:UK public library membership 3231:"Queen Elizabeth's Hospital" 2792:Jones, Evan; Flavin, Susan. 2164:"Geoffrey De Montbray" 1836:. p. 31. Archived from 1687:The removal of the docks to 1489:Engines; and were bought by 1455:British Aircraft Corporation 1392:, and from the 17th century 1379:parliamentary constituencies 1237:SE Prospect of Bristol, 1734 1229:NW Prospect of Bristol, 1734 937:troops under the command of 863:visited the city during her 777:Views around Bristol in 1873 259: 256:and another at Brislington. 218: 107:brought further prosperity. 7: 5021:Great Western Railway Guide 4174:. uwe.ac.uk. Archived from 3600:. discoveringbristol.org.uk 3360:"Sixteenth-century Bristol" 3337:"Sixteenth-century Bristol" 3314:"Sixteenth-century Bristol" 2869:(Oxford, 1963), pp. 142–43. 2240:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 2215:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 2161:Round, John Horace (1911). 1777:Timeline of Bristol history 1735: 1402:Bristol Miners' Association 1400:, and the formation of the 1354:, which in turn became the 10: 6155: 6134:History of Gloucestershire 5405:Economy in the Middle Ages 5337:Famous Bristol Infographic 5051:"Gloucestershire: Bristol" 4946: 3870:"Bristol Bridge (1204252)" 3117:William Page, ed. (1907). 2922:"Ricart's View of Bristol" 2821:(London, 1974), pp. 47–50. 2620:. Routledge. p. 560. 2335:William Page, ed. (1907). 2301:William Page, ed. (1907). 1523:finalists in 1909. Rivals 1422: 1159: 1000: 914: 850:Queen Elizabeth's Hospital 378:Norman conquest of England 361: 341:as slaves. From there the 6093: 5910: 5657: 5631: 5570: 5379: 5234:10.1016/j.jhg.2023.01.003 5194:"Bristol (England)" 5175:, ed. (1908). "Bristol". 5141:. Bristol: Mirror Office. 4996:(4th ed.), Bristol, 4499:"Bristol - The Blitz (1)" 4479:. 3 July 1926. p. 11 2720:"Canynges, William" 2641:Burrough, T.H.B. (1970). 2516:Jewish Historical Studies 2265:. Bristol Record Society. 2055:Manco, Jean (July 2006). 1451:Bristol Aeroplane Company 1433:Bristol Bus Boycott, 1963 1425:Bristol Aeroplane Company 1346:, the predecessor of the 1342:was established in 1862. 1305:Clifton Suspension Bridge 789:of St Augustine becoming 785:in 1542, with the former 535:. First interpreted as a 476:St Augustine's Abbey 148:Palaeolithic and Iron Age 101:transatlantic slave trade 5727:East Riding of Yorkshire 5644:Kingdom of Great Britain 5330:23 December 2007 at the 5315:Civil War fortifications 5179:. London: Edward Lloyd. 5157:. London: The Trustees. 5135:Dallaway, James (1834). 4981:"Somersetshire: Bristol" 3298:14 November 2012 at the 3281:30 November 2012 at the 3201:"A brief history of BGS" 2645:. London: Studio Vista. 2261:Sharp, Margaret (1982). 2192:. British History Online 2089:Manco, Jean (May 2005). 1093:North Somerset coalfield 769:Tudor and Stuart periods 254:Kings Weston Roman Villa 67:Maritime connections to 5215:Ferriday, Lena (2023). 5200:Encyclopædia Britannica 5185:2027/nyp.33433081995593 4714:. Romag. Archived from 4523:Dresser, Madge (1986). 4099:. badmintonschool.co.uk 3791:. newroombristol.org.uk 3771:Johnson, James (1826). 3578:. The National Archives 3488:. Bristol: Walter Reid. 3287:Economic History Review 3144:Bettey, Joseph (1990). 2834:Jones, Evan T. (2000). 2762:Fleming, Peter (1998). 2726:Encyclopædia Britannica 2591:Harvey, Alfred (1906). 2174:Encyclopædia Britannica 2138:Harvey, Alfred (1906). 2008:. London: Robert Hale. 1695:was developed opposite 1601:Race Relations Act 1968 1593:Bristol Omnibus Company 1561:, a new road along the 1499:Charles Hill & Sons 1289:Isambard Kingdom Brunel 1190:founded the very first 1156:18th and 19th centuries 927:First English Civil War 840:St Mark's Hospital 376:At some time after the 5449:Black Death in England 5286:Bristol in Roman Times 5111:Charles Gross (1897). 4979:James Dugdale (1819), 4923:. CABE. Archived from 4243:Ramsey, Keith (1999). 4222:Latimer, John (1887). 4025:Latimer, John (1887). 3358:Latimer, John (1908). 3335:Latimer, John (1908). 3312:Latimer, John (1908). 3205:Bristol Grammar School 3169:Foyle, Andrew (2004). 2764:"Bristol in the 1490s" 2119:. 1912. pp. 54–56 1747:Bristol Record Society 1715:; which now links the 1678:brutalist architecture 1511:John Harvey & Sons 1446: 1315: 1276: 1238: 1230: 1222: 1175: 953: 846:Bristol Grammar School 778: 730:, waters rich in cod. 693: 686:The map of Bristol in 654: 559: 388:. Bristol was held by 373: 187:on either side of the 26: 5063:William Clark Russell 5057:, London: W. Satchell 4985:New British Traveller 4917:"Bristol Harbourside" 4321:Green, Geoff (1988). 4249:projects.exeter.ac.uk 3836:Corcos, Nick (2017). 3687:10.1093/ref:odnb/4019 2798:University of Bristol 2693:"Merchant benefactor" 2276:Colvin, H.M. (1971). 2236:Potter, K.R. (1998). 2004:Brace, Keith (1996). 1959:. buildinghistory.org 1633:comprising the city, 1444: 1409:W.D. & H.O. Wills 1385:was split into four. 1348:University of Bristol 1313: 1293:Great Western Railway 1266: 1236: 1228: 1220: 1173: 1073:Industrial Revolution 989:civil wars. In 1656, 951: 807:St James' Priory 776: 743:University of Bristol 685: 652: 554: 402:William the Conqueror 371: 319:records that in 1052 316:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 129:Great Western Railway 105:Industrial Revolution 21: 4866:Bristol City Council 4769:. The Guinness Trust 4661:"Top 50 Urban Areas" 4593:on 23 September 2015 4150:"Bristol University" 3842:Internet Archaeology 3811:"Methodist Heritage" 3746:"PortCities Bristol" 3598:"PortCities Bristol" 3302:(Ashgate, June 2012) 3252:Jones, Evan (1998). 2878:David Harris Sacks, 2562:Tyerman, Christopher 2188:Bush, Henry (1828). 1923:Bristol City Council 1893:"ANTONINE ITINERARY" 1867:Bristol City Council 1834:Bristol City Council 1800:Bristol City Council 1580:shopping centre and 1535:Bristol City Council 1507:J. S. Fry & Sons 1369:rejected the second 1150:women's emancipation 1106:Member of Parliament 1008:William de la Founte 1003:Atlantic slave trade 394:Bishop of Countances 390:Geoffrey de Montbray 329:Gruffydd ap Llywelyn 298:to the current name 6139:History of Somerset 5500:Glorious Revolution 5468:English Renaissance 5420:English unification 5390:Prehistoric Britain 5087:. Arrowsmith. 1885. 5065:(1883). "Bristol". 4992:John Evans (1828), 4872:on 10 December 2007 4821:on 10 December 2008 4718:on 25 December 2008 4453:on 17 November 2012 4349:. gracesguide.co.uk 3752:on 13 February 2012 3535:on 25 November 2011 3465:on 18 February 2012 3035:Historical Research 2920:Jean Manco (2006), 2817:David Beers Quinn, 2695:. St Mary Redcliffe 2006:Portrait of Bristol 1693:Royal Portbury Dock 1670:Bristol city centre 1597:Bristol Bus Boycott 1525:Bristol Rovers F.C. 1493:in 1966, to become 1491:Rolls-Royce Limited 1479:Bristol F.2 Fighter 1453:, then part of the 1398:Somerset Coal Canal 1352:Bristol Polytechnic 1291:, who designed the 1246:Bristol Bridge Riot 981:Bristol during the 917:Storming of Bristol 821:and the College at 781:Bristol was made a 453:Henry II of England 113:American Revolution 40:, situated between 6124:History of Bristol 6103:England portal 5752:Greater Manchester 5639:Kingdom of England 5598:History of English 5415:Anglo-Saxon period 5373:History of England 5084:How to See Bristol 5075:2027/uc1.$ b667579 4961:Joseph Nightingale 4927:on 18 January 2011 4641:on 12 October 2007 4473:"New Bristol Road" 4300:"Bristol Aircraft" 4255:on 17 January 2009 4004:newspapers11.bl.uk 3979:The New York Times 3529:"Triangular trade" 3233:. qehbristol.co.uk 3211:on 6 February 2007 2895:(Manchester, 1978) 2771:Regional Historian 2667:"Discover Bristol" 2564:(1 October 1988). 2528:122 (2004) 127–152 2504:on 4 October 2011. 2063:on 15 January 2010 1929:on 16 October 2008 1873:on 16 October 2008 1762:History of England 1719:science centre at 1682:expansion of roads 1631:Bristol Urban Area 1473:production of the 1447: 1344:University College 1316: 1277: 1239: 1231: 1223: 1176: 1142:William Wordsworth 1116:preachers such as 1091:and coal from the 1014:slave traders. Of 978:Sir Thomas Fairfax 962:Battle of Langport 954: 779: 694: 655: 560: 525:Second Barons' War 480:Robert Fitzharding 374: 237:Antonine Itinerary 179:near the city, at 27: 22:The west front of 6109: 6108: 5480:English Civil War 5410:Sub-Roman Britain 5261:978-0-9956193-0-2 5164:2027/uc1.b5107011 4921:National Archives 4744:. 13 January 2006 4202:The Victorian Web 3896:Jones, Philip D. 3726:on 9 January 2009 3700:(Subscription or 3439:on 21 August 2006 3059:J.A. Williamson, 3019:978-0-9956193-0-2 2970:J.A. Williamson, 2891:Wendy R. Childs, 2627:978-0-415-14369-1 2577:978-0-226-82012-5 2413:978-0-19-518201-9 1713:Pero's footbridge 1635:Easton-in-Gordano 1517:Bristol City F.C. 1461:, was founded by 911:English Civil War 791:Bristol Cathedral 736:was sponsored by 659:Hundred Years War 644:St Mary Redcliffe 547:Later Middle Ages 474:in 1137. In 1140 97:English Civil War 24:Bristol Cathedral 6146: 6101: 6100: 6099: 5812:Northamptonshire 5539:Second World War 5444:Late Middle Ages 5427:High Middle Ages 5366: 5359: 5352: 5343: 5342: 5311: 5309: 5307: 5302:on 13 March 2007 5298:. Archived from 5265: 5246: 5236: 5204: 5196: 5188: 5168: 5166: 5142: 5131: 5120: 5107: 5088: 5078: 5058: 5045: 5031: 5012: 4988: 4975: 4937: 4936: 4934: 4932: 4913: 4907: 4906: 4904: 4902: 4888: 4882: 4881: 4879: 4877: 4868:. Archived from 4858: 4852: 4851: 4849: 4847: 4837: 4831: 4830: 4828: 4826: 4811: 4805: 4804: 4802: 4800: 4785: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4774: 4768: 4760: 4754: 4753: 4751: 4749: 4734: 4728: 4727: 4725: 4723: 4708: 4702: 4701: 4699: 4697: 4682: 4676: 4675: 4673: 4671: 4665: 4657: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4646: 4631: 4625: 4624: 4622: 4620: 4609: 4603: 4602: 4600: 4598: 4589:. Archived from 4583: 4577: 4576: 4574: 4572: 4556: 4550: 4549: 4547: 4545: 4530: 4520: 4511: 4510: 4508: 4506: 4495: 4489: 4488: 4486: 4484: 4469: 4463: 4462: 4460: 4458: 4452: 4445: 4436: 4430: 4429: 4427: 4425: 4413: 4407: 4406: 4404: 4402: 4391:"Bristol Rovers" 4387: 4381: 4380: 4378: 4376: 4365: 4359: 4358: 4356: 4354: 4343: 4337: 4336: 4318: 4312: 4311: 4309: 4307: 4296: 4290: 4289: 4271: 4265: 4264: 4262: 4260: 4251:. Archived from 4240: 4234: 4233: 4219: 4213: 4212: 4210: 4208: 4194: 4188: 4187: 4185: 4183: 4168: 4162: 4161: 4159: 4157: 4146: 4140: 4139: 4137: 4135: 4119:Historic England 4115: 4109: 4108: 4106: 4104: 4093: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4071: 4065: 4064: 4062: 4060: 4047: 4041: 4040: 4038: 4036: 4022: 4016: 4015: 4013: 4011: 3996: 3990: 3989: 3987: 3985: 3970: 3964: 3963: 3945: 3939: 3938: 3936: 3934: 3920: 3914: 3913: 3911: 3909: 3893: 3887: 3886: 3884: 3882: 3866:Historic England 3862: 3856: 3855: 3853: 3851:10.11141/ia.45.3 3833: 3827: 3826: 3824: 3822: 3817:on 13 March 2011 3807: 3801: 3800: 3798: 3796: 3785: 3779: 3778: 3768: 3762: 3761: 3759: 3757: 3742: 3736: 3735: 3733: 3731: 3715: 3706: 3705: 3697: 3695: 3693: 3674: 3666: 3660: 3659: 3641: 3635: 3634: 3616: 3610: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3594: 3588: 3587: 3585: 3583: 3572: 3566: 3565: 3563: 3561: 3551: 3545: 3544: 3542: 3540: 3525: 3519: 3518: 3516: 3514: 3505: 3497: 3491: 3489: 3481: 3475: 3474: 3472: 3470: 3455: 3449: 3448: 3446: 3444: 3429: 3423: 3422: 3420: 3418: 3412:Fortified Places 3404: 3398: 3391: 3385: 3378: 3372: 3371: 3369: 3367: 3362:. pp. 92–93 3355: 3349: 3348: 3346: 3344: 3332: 3326: 3325: 3323: 3321: 3316:. pp. 60–61 3309: 3303: 3274:Jones, Evan T., 3272: 3266: 3265: 3263: 3261: 3249: 3243: 3242: 3240: 3238: 3227: 3221: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3207:. Archived from 3197: 3191: 3190: 3166: 3160: 3159: 3141: 3135: 3134: 3132: 3130: 3114: 3108: 3107: 3105: 3103: 3087:Historic England 3083: 3077: 3070: 3064: 3057: 3051: 3050: 3041:(221): 444–454. 3030: 3024: 3023: 3005: 2999: 2994: 2988: 2981: 2975: 2968: 2962: 2955: 2949: 2942: 2936: 2935: 2934: 2932: 2926:Bristol Magazine 2917: 2911: 2902: 2896: 2889: 2883: 2876: 2870: 2863: 2857: 2856: 2840: 2831: 2822: 2815: 2809: 2808: 2806: 2804: 2789: 2783: 2782: 2780: 2778: 2768: 2759: 2753: 2752: 2750: 2748: 2737: 2731: 2730: 2722: 2711: 2705: 2704: 2702: 2700: 2689: 2683: 2682: 2680: 2678: 2663: 2657: 2656: 2638: 2632: 2631: 2611: 2605: 2604: 2602: 2600: 2595:. pp. 30–31 2588: 2582: 2581: 2558: 2552: 2549: 2543: 2536: 2530: 2512: 2506: 2505: 2503: 2488: 2479: 2473: 2472: 2470: 2468: 2459:. Archived from 2449: 2443: 2434: 2428: 2427: 2422: 2420: 2401: 2391: 2385: 2384: 2366: 2360: 2359: 2357: 2355: 2332: 2326: 2325: 2323: 2321: 2298: 2292: 2291: 2273: 2267: 2266: 2258: 2252: 2251: 2233: 2227: 2226: 2208: 2202: 2201: 2199: 2197: 2185: 2179: 2178: 2166: 2158: 2152: 2151: 2149: 2147: 2135: 2129: 2128: 2126: 2124: 2113: 2107: 2106: 2104: 2102: 2086: 2073: 2072: 2070: 2068: 2052: 2046: 2045: 2043: 2041: 2036:. mcllibrary.org 2026: 2020: 2019: 2001: 1995: 1994: 1992: 1990: 1985:. mcllibrary.org 1975: 1969: 1968: 1966: 1964: 1952: 1939: 1938: 1936: 1934: 1925:. Archived from 1915: 1909: 1908: 1906: 1904: 1889: 1883: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1869:. Archived from 1859: 1853: 1852: 1850: 1848: 1842: 1831: 1822: 1816: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1802:. Archived from 1792: 1742:Bristol Archives 1725:studio apartment 1612:Bristol Brabazon 1549:, Filwood Park, 1487:Bristol Siddeley 1469:in 1910. During 1467:Bristol Tramways 1463:Sir George White 1437:Bristol Siddeley 1336:Badminton School 1301:SS Great Britain 1297:SS Great Western 1281:Floating Harbour 1204:George Whitfield 1146:Samuel Coleridge 1081:William Champion 1053:Scipio Africanus 1025:Triangular trade 942:captured Bristol 871:Martin Frobisher 823:Westbury on Trym 793:, following the 711:Hanseatic League 448:Stephen of Blois 429:Robert Fitzhamon 400:who accompanied 382:motte-and-bailey 321:Harold Godwinson 270:Westbury on Trym 6154: 6153: 6149: 6148: 6147: 6145: 6144: 6143: 6114: 6113: 6110: 6105: 6097: 6095: 6089: 5912:By city or town 5906: 5852:South Yorkshire 5827:Nottinghamshire 5822:North Yorkshire 5742:Gloucestershire 5682:Buckinghamshire 5677:City of Bristol 5653: 5627: 5583:English society 5566: 5565: 5544:Postwar Britain 5534:Interwar period 5529:First World War 5463:Elizabethan era 5432:Norman Conquest 5400:Medieval period 5375: 5370: 5332:Wayback Machine 5305: 5303: 5290: 5276:Bristol History 5272: 5262: 5191: 5091: 5081: 5034: 5015: 4951: 4945: 4943:Further reading 4940: 4930: 4928: 4915: 4914: 4910: 4900: 4898: 4890: 4889: 4885: 4875: 4873: 4860: 4859: 4855: 4845: 4843: 4839: 4838: 4834: 4824: 4822: 4813: 4812: 4808: 4798: 4796: 4787: 4786: 4782: 4772: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4761: 4757: 4747: 4745: 4736: 4735: 4731: 4721: 4719: 4710: 4709: 4705: 4695: 4693: 4684: 4683: 4679: 4669: 4667: 4663: 4659: 4658: 4654: 4644: 4642: 4633: 4632: 4628: 4618: 4616: 4611: 4610: 4606: 4596: 4594: 4585: 4584: 4580: 4570: 4568: 4557: 4553: 4543: 4541: 4539: 4521: 4514: 4504: 4502: 4497: 4496: 4492: 4482: 4480: 4471: 4470: 4466: 4456: 4454: 4450: 4443: 4437: 4433: 4423: 4421: 4414: 4410: 4400: 4398: 4389: 4388: 4384: 4374: 4372: 4367: 4366: 4362: 4352: 4350: 4345: 4344: 4340: 4333: 4319: 4315: 4305: 4303: 4298: 4297: 4293: 4286: 4272: 4268: 4258: 4256: 4241: 4237: 4220: 4216: 4206: 4204: 4196: 4195: 4191: 4181: 4179: 4170: 4169: 4165: 4155: 4153: 4148: 4147: 4143: 4133: 4131: 4116: 4112: 4102: 4100: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4080: 4078: 4077:. gutenberg.org 4073: 4072: 4068: 4058: 4056: 4049: 4048: 4044: 4034: 4032: 4023: 4019: 4009: 4007: 3998: 3997: 3993: 3983: 3981: 3971: 3967: 3960: 3946: 3942: 3932: 3930: 3922: 3921: 3917: 3907: 3905: 3904:on 3 April 2012 3894: 3890: 3880: 3878: 3863: 3859: 3834: 3830: 3820: 3818: 3809: 3808: 3804: 3794: 3792: 3787: 3786: 3782: 3769: 3765: 3755: 3753: 3744: 3743: 3739: 3729: 3727: 3716: 3709: 3699: 3691: 3689: 3667: 3663: 3656: 3642: 3638: 3631: 3617: 3613: 3603: 3601: 3596: 3595: 3591: 3581: 3579: 3574: 3573: 3569: 3559: 3557: 3553: 3552: 3548: 3538: 3536: 3527: 3526: 3522: 3512: 3510: 3503: 3499: 3498: 3494: 3482: 3478: 3468: 3466: 3457: 3456: 3452: 3442: 3440: 3431: 3430: 3426: 3416: 3414: 3406: 3405: 3401: 3392: 3388: 3379: 3375: 3365: 3363: 3356: 3352: 3342: 3340: 3333: 3329: 3319: 3317: 3310: 3306: 3300:Wayback Machine 3283:Wayback Machine 3273: 3269: 3259: 3257: 3250: 3246: 3236: 3234: 3229: 3228: 3224: 3214: 3212: 3199: 3198: 3194: 3187: 3167: 3163: 3156: 3142: 3138: 3128: 3126: 3115: 3111: 3101: 3099: 3084: 3080: 3072:Joseph Bettey, 3071: 3067: 3058: 3054: 3031: 3027: 3020: 3006: 3002: 2995: 2991: 2982: 2978: 2969: 2965: 2956: 2952: 2943: 2939: 2930: 2928: 2918: 2914: 2903: 2899: 2890: 2886: 2877: 2873: 2864: 2860: 2853: 2838: 2832: 2825: 2816: 2812: 2802: 2800: 2790: 2786: 2776: 2774: 2766: 2760: 2756: 2746: 2744: 2739: 2738: 2734: 2712: 2708: 2698: 2696: 2691: 2690: 2686: 2676: 2674: 2665: 2664: 2660: 2653: 2639: 2635: 2628: 2612: 2608: 2598: 2596: 2589: 2585: 2578: 2559: 2555: 2550: 2546: 2537: 2533: 2513: 2509: 2501: 2486: 2480: 2476: 2466: 2464: 2451: 2450: 2446: 2435: 2431: 2418: 2416: 2414: 2392: 2388: 2381: 2367: 2363: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2333: 2329: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2299: 2295: 2288: 2274: 2270: 2259: 2255: 2248: 2234: 2230: 2223: 2209: 2205: 2195: 2193: 2186: 2182: 2159: 2155: 2145: 2143: 2136: 2132: 2122: 2120: 2115: 2114: 2110: 2100: 2098: 2097:on 15 June 2008 2087: 2076: 2066: 2064: 2053: 2049: 2039: 2037: 2028: 2027: 2023: 2016: 2002: 1998: 1988: 1986: 1977: 1976: 1972: 1962: 1960: 1953: 1942: 1932: 1930: 1917: 1916: 1912: 1902: 1900: 1899:on 19 June 2008 1891: 1890: 1886: 1876: 1874: 1861: 1860: 1856: 1846: 1844: 1843:on 4 April 2013 1840: 1829: 1823: 1819: 1809: 1807: 1794: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1738: 1729:Crest Nicholson 1701:Port of Bristol 1697:Avonmouth Docks 1655:Hewlett Packard 1627:Greater Bristol 1495:Rolls-Royce plc 1439: 1423:Main articles: 1421: 1340:Clifton College 1330:who founded an 1283:" (designed by 1269:Bristol Harbour 1168: 1166:Bristol Harbour 1160:Main articles: 1158: 1101:was elected as 1005: 999: 991:Oliver Cromwell 923: 915:Main articles: 913: 897:Anne of Denmark 771: 766: 754:Sebastian Cabot 699: 657:The end of the 636:William Canynge 575:siege of Lisbon 549: 478:was founded by 435:'s bastard son 366: 360: 355: 262: 231:at the present 221: 150: 145: 46:Gloucestershire 12: 11: 5: 6152: 6142: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6107: 6106: 6094: 6091: 6090: 6088: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6047: 6042: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5987: 5982: 5977: 5972: 5967: 5962: 5957: 5952: 5947: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5922: 5916: 5914: 5908: 5907: 5905: 5904: 5902:Worcestershire 5899: 5894: 5892:West Yorkshire 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5817:Northumberland 5814: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5797:City of London 5794: 5789: 5787:Leicestershire 5784: 5779: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5747:Greater London 5744: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5704: 5699: 5694: 5689: 5687:Cambridgeshire 5684: 5679: 5674: 5669: 5663: 5661: 5655: 5654: 5652: 5651: 5649:United Kingdom 5646: 5641: 5635: 5633: 5629: 5628: 5626: 5625: 5620: 5615: 5610: 5605: 5600: 5595: 5590: 5585: 5580: 5574: 5572: 5568: 5567: 5564: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5552: 5551: 5549:Social history 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5515: 5514: 5504: 5503: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5482: 5472: 5471: 5470: 5465: 5455: 5454: 5453: 5452: 5451: 5441: 5440: 5439: 5434: 5424: 5423: 5422: 5412: 5407: 5397: 5392: 5386: 5385: 5383: 5377: 5376: 5369: 5368: 5361: 5354: 5346: 5340: 5339: 5334: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5288: 5283: 5278: 5271: 5270:External links 5268: 5267: 5266: 5260: 5247: 5206: 5205: 5189: 5169: 5144: 5143: 5132: 5121: 5108: 5089: 5079: 5059: 5046: 5032: 5013: 4989: 4976: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4938: 4908: 4883: 4853: 4832: 4806: 4780: 4755: 4729: 4703: 4677: 4652: 4626: 4604: 4578: 4567:on 5 June 2011 4551: 4537: 4512: 4490: 4464: 4431: 4420:. Cricinfo.com 4416:Collins, Sam. 4408: 4382: 4369:"Bristol City" 4360: 4338: 4331: 4313: 4291: 4284: 4266: 4235: 4214: 4189: 4178:on 28 May 2009 4163: 4141: 4110: 4088: 4066: 4042: 4017: 3991: 3965: 3958: 3940: 3915: 3888: 3857: 3828: 3802: 3780: 3763: 3737: 3707: 3661: 3654: 3636: 3629: 3611: 3589: 3567: 3546: 3520: 3492: 3476: 3450: 3424: 3399: 3386: 3380:John Nichols, 3373: 3350: 3327: 3304: 3267: 3244: 3222: 3192: 3185: 3161: 3154: 3136: 3109: 3078: 3065: 3052: 3025: 3018: 3000: 2989: 2987:(London, 1974) 2976: 2963: 2950: 2948:(London, 1933) 2937: 2912: 2897: 2884: 2871: 2858: 2851: 2823: 2810: 2784: 2754: 2732: 2717:, ed. (1911). 2715:Chisholm, Hugh 2706: 2684: 2658: 2651: 2633: 2626: 2606: 2583: 2576: 2553: 2544: 2542:(London, 1933) 2531: 2507: 2474: 2463:on 2 July 2018 2444: 2429: 2412: 2386: 2379: 2361: 2347: 2327: 2313: 2293: 2286: 2268: 2253: 2246: 2228: 2221: 2203: 2180: 2169:Chisholm, Hugh 2153: 2130: 2108: 2074: 2047: 2021: 2014: 1996: 1970: 1940: 1910: 1884: 1854: 1817: 1806:on 20 May 2011 1786: 1784: 1781: 1780: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1737: 1734: 1420: 1419:Modern history 1417: 1367:House of Lords 1320:ragged schools 1285:William Jessop 1271:, painting by 1242:Bristol Bridge 1157: 1154: 1138:Robert Southey 1134:Mary Carpenter 1114:Non-conformist 1049:Middle Passage 1021:Bristol's part 1001:Main article: 998: 995: 958:New Model Army 912: 909: 886:Spanish Armada 866:Royal Progress 770: 767: 765: 762: 750:William Weston 698: 695: 668:phantom island 548: 545: 437:Robert of Caen 406:Bristol Castle 364:Bristol Castle 362:Main article: 359: 356: 354: 351: 261: 258: 220: 217: 149: 146: 144: 141: 117:Mary Carpenter 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6151: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6121: 6119: 6112: 6104: 6092: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6046: 6043: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 6000:Milton Keynes 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5968: 5966: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5917: 5915: 5913: 5909: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5882:West Midlands 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5872:Tyne and Wear 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5857:Staffordshire 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5773: 5772:Isle of Wight 5770: 5768: 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Britain 5393: 5391: 5388: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5378: 5374: 5367: 5362: 5360: 5355: 5353: 5348: 5347: 5344: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5329: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5301: 5297: 5293: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5273: 5263: 5257: 5253: 5248: 5244: 5240: 5235: 5230: 5226: 5222: 5218: 5213: 5212: 5211: 5210: 5202: 5201: 5195: 5190: 5186: 5182: 5178: 5174: 5173:Robert Donald 5170: 5165: 5160: 5156: 5151: 5150: 5149: 5148: 5140: 5139: 5133: 5129: 5128: 5122: 5118: 5114: 5109: 5106: 5102: 5098: 5097:Great Britain 5094: 5090: 5086: 5085: 5080: 5076: 5072: 5068: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5047: 5043: 5042: 5037: 5033: 5030: 5026: 5022: 5018: 5014: 5011: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4990: 4986: 4982: 4977: 4974: 4973:Somersetshire 4970: 4966: 4962: 4958: 4957: 4956: 4955: 4950: 4926: 4922: 4918: 4912: 4897: 4893: 4887: 4871: 4867: 4863: 4857: 4842: 4841:"Jerry Hicks" 4836: 4820: 4816: 4810: 4795:. 8 July 2002 4794: 4790: 4784: 4765: 4759: 4743: 4739: 4733: 4717: 4713: 4707: 4692:on 1 May 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