Sovereign Military Order of Malta

5102:"On account of some arguments presented in the 1950s, to the effect that the ties with the Holy See in a constitutional and international law context were so close and frequent that the true sovereignty of the Order could be called in question, constitutional changes were made by the Order. These were established in 1997. While the previous constitution laid down that the Order of Malta was a "legal entity solemnly recognised by the Holy See," this formulation has now been removed from the Order's constitution. The previous constitution prescribed that, after being elected, the head of state of the Order of Malta, that is to say the Grand Master, must be approved by the Pope, the new wording in the constitution only prescribes that after election the Grand Master shall inform the Pope of his election. Changes have been implemented throughout to show that the Order is independent of the Holy See from the constitutional and international law perspective." Bo J. Theutenberg, 121: 6045: 2096: 2463: 7691: 2240:

states (for example, the Republic of San Marino in 1935 recognized SMOM as a sovereign state in its own right.) makes it a subject of international law. Ian Brownlie writes that, "Even in the sphere of recognition and bilateral relations, the legal capacities of institutions like the Sovereign Order of Jerusalem and Malta must be limited simply because they lack the territorial and demographic characteristics of states." Helmut Steinberger states that, "With the historical exception of the Holy See, which maintains diplomatic relations with more than 100 States, in contemporary international law only States as distinguished from international organizations or other subjects of international law are accorded sovereignty."

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Order's roundels on the fuselage and Italian ones on the wings, and were used mainly for standard Italian Air Force training and transport missions but also for some humanitarian tasks proper of the Order of Malta (like the transport of sick pilgrims to the Lourdes sanctuary). In the early 1950s, when the strictures of the peace treaty had been much relaxed by the Allied authorities, the aircraft returned under full control of the Italian Air Force. One of the aircraft transferred to the Order of Malta, still with the Order's fuselage roundels, is preserved in the

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enjoyment of certain prerogatives inherent to the Order itself as a Subject of international law. These prerogatives, which are proper to sovereignty—in accordance with the principles of international law—and which, following the example of the Holy See, have also been recognized by some States, do not however constitute in the Order that complex of powers and prerogatives, which it belongs to sovereign bodies in the full sense of the word."

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relationship with the Holy See. The connection between the Holy See and the Order of Malta was seen as so close as to call into question the actual sovereignty of the order as a separate entity. This has prompted constitutional changes on the part of the Order, which were implemented in 1997. Since then, the Order has been widely recognized as a sovereign subject of international law in its own right.

7727: 7711: 7677: 7651: 7632: 7669: 7662: 7644: 7615: 7606: 7597: 2017:, who had held the office since 2001. As of 2024, the prelate is the Spaniard Rev. Msgr. Luis Manuel Cuña Ramos. Born in 1966 and ordained in 1992, Msgr. Cuña Ramos hails from Orense in Spain, but has spent the majority of his life in Rome, Italy as a consultant and professor of church history as the Pontifical Urban University and the Pontifical Gregorian University. 7580: 7573: 7563: 2431:(Army Military Corps of the ACISMOM), wearing Italian uniforms. Since then the Military Corps have operated with the Italian Army both in wartime and peacetime in medical or paramedical military functions, and in ceremonial functions for the Order, such as standing guard around the coffins of high officers of the Order before and during funeral rites. 669:. Until the 1990s, the highest classes of membership, including officers, required proof of noble lineage. More recently, a path was created for Knights and Dames of the lowest class (of whom proof of aristocratic lineage is not required) to be specially elevated to the highest class, making them eligible for office in the order. 2285:

See and the Embassy of the Order to Italy are all recognised as extraterritorial by Italy. As Italy recognizes, in addition to extraterritoriality, the exercise by SMOM of all the prerogatives of sovereignty in its headquarters, Italian sovereignty and SMOM sovereignty uniquely coexist without overlapping.

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aircraft to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, pending the definition of their exact status (the SM.82 were properly long range transport aircraft that could be adapted for bombing missions). These aircraft were operated by Italian Air Force personnel temporarily flying for the Order, carried the

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Other legal experts argue in favour of the Order's claim to sovereignty. Georg Dahm affirms that the Order is a "subject of international law without territory". Berthold Waldstein-Wartenberg writes that the sovereignty of the Order and its personality in international law is "generally recognized by

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Prior to the 1990s, all officers of the order had to be of noble birth (defined differently in different countries), as they were all Knights of Justice or Knights in Obedience. However, Knights of Magistral Grace (i.e. those who do not have proof of noble birth) now may make the Promise of Obedience

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Some legal experts claim that the Order's claim to sovereignty cannot be maintained. Even taking into account the Order's ambassadorial diplomatic status among many nations, some scholars reject the country's sovereign status. Wilhelm Wengler rejects the notion that recognition of the Order by some

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With its unique history and unusual present circumstances, the exact status of the Order in international law has been the subject of debate. Some scholars have questioned the Order's sovereignty based on the fact that the Order has very limited geographical territories and on account of the Order's

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The original hospitaller mission became the main activity of the order, growing ever stronger during the 20th century, most especially because of the contribution of the activities carried out by the Grand Priories and National Associations in many countries around the world. Large-scale hospitaller

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By the early 19th century, the Order was severely weakened by the loss of its priories throughout Europe. Only 10% of the order's income came from traditional sources in Europe, with the remaining 90% being generated by the Russian Grand Priory until 1810. This was partly reflected in the government

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The agreement has a duration of 99 years, but the document allows the Government of Malta to terminate it at any time after 50 years. Under the terms of the agreement, the flag of Malta is to be flown together with the flag of the Order in a prominent position over Fort St. Angelo. No asylum may be

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of 28 November 1929, "The Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta enjoys in Italy the honors due to the Cardinals, and takes place after them." Further, "The representation of the Grand Magistry of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta . . . immediately follows the representations of

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in the person of the Grand Commander, who can only perform acts of ordinary administration without making any innovations." If it is not possible to elect a Grand Master, a Lieutenant of the Grand Master is elected, who has the same powers as the Grand Master with the exception of the prerogatives

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and the Order's recognition among the Russian Imperial Orders. The refugee knights in Saint Petersburg proceeded to elect Tsar Paul as their Grand Master – a rival to Grand Master von Hompesch until the latter's abdication left Paul as the sole Grand Master. Grand Master Paul I created, in addition

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approved the foundation of the Hospital and placed it under the aegis of the Holy See, granting it the right to freely elect its superiors without interference from other secular or religious authorities. By virtue of the Papal Bull, the hospital became an order exempt from the control of the local

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I believe that it is a unique case in the world that a unit of the army of one country is supervised by a body of another sovereign country. Just think that whenever our staff (medical officers mainly) is engaged in a military mission abroad, there is the flag of the Order flying below the Italian

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The two most important properties of the Order in Rome – the Palazzo Malta in Via dei Condotti 68, where the Grand Master resides and Government Bodies meet, and the Villa del Priorato di Malta on the Aventine Hill, which hosts the Grand Priory of Rome – as well as the Embassy of the Order to Holy

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decreed on 6 June 1974 that, "the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Malta constitutes a sovereign international subject, in all terms equal, even if without territory, to a foreign state with which Italy has normal diplomatic relations, so there is no doubt, as already this Supreme Court has

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The Order "as a subject of international law, exercises sovereign functions with regard to purposes", namely "promoting the glory of God and the sanctification of its members" and performing works of mercy "towards the sick, the needy, and people without a country without distinction of religion,

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The Prelate of the order is responsible for the clergy of the order and assists the Grand Master, the Grand Commander and the Coordinator of the Second Class in the care of the spiritual life and in the religious observance of all members of the order. He is appointed by the Pope on the advice of

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The Order was governed by its Grand Master, the Prince of Rhodes, and its Council. From its beginning, independence from other nations granted by pontifical charter and the universally recognised right to maintain and deploy armed forces constituted grounds for the international sovereignty of the

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is the primary governing body of the Order that handles regular business. The members are the Grand Master (or Lieutenant), the holders of the four High Officers (the Grand Commander, the Grand Chancellor, the Grand Hospitaller and the Receiver of the Common Treasure), the five Councilors of the

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The order's website says "its programmes include medical and social assistance, disaster relief in the case of armed conflicts and natural catastrophes, emergency services and first aid corps, help for the elderly, the handicapped and children in need and the provision of first aid training, and

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the new constitution of the Order and made provisional appointments to the Sovereign Council; he scheduled a convocation of the Extraordinary General Chapter for 25 January 2023, when regular appointments can be made in place of his provisional ones. On 26 January, the General Chapter elected to

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obtained from the Caliph of Egypt the authorisation to build a church, convent, and hospital in Jerusalem, to care for pilgrims of any religious faith or race. The Order of St. John of Jerusalem – the monastic community that ran the hospital for the pilgrims in the Holy Land – became independent

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international law doctrine". Gerhard von Glahn affirms that "the Order can be classified as a nonstate subject of international law, although of a somewhat peculiar nature." Rebecca Wallace explains that a sovereign entity does not have to be a country, and that the Order is an example of this.

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approved the Constitutional Charter of the Order, which stated that "the Order is a legal entity formally approved by the Holy See. It has the quality of a subject of international law" (Article 1) and that "the intimate connection existing between the two qualities of a religious order and a

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Bishops and priests are generally admitted as chaplains of the Order of Malta. There are some priests who are knights of the order, usually because they were admitted to the order prior to ordination. The priests of the Order of Malta are ranked as Honorary Canons, as in the Order of the Holy

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stated that, "The quality of the sovereign Order of the institution is functional, that is, aimed at ensuring the achievement of the purposes of the Order itself and its development in the world." The Tribunal of Cardinals further stated that, "The status of sovereign Order...consists in the

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that his ships be allowed to enter the port and to take on water and supplies. The Grand Master replied that only two foreign ships could be allowed to enter the port at a time. Bonaparte, aware that such a procedure would take a long time and leave his forces vulnerable to British Admiral

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Napoleon opened negotiations with the fortress capital of Valletta. Faced with vastly superior French forces and the loss of western Malta, the Grand Master negotiated a surrender to the invasion. Hompesch left Malta for Trieste on 18 June. He resigned as Grand Master on 6 July 1799.

7540: 2499:, a service carried out intensively during both World Wars. The Military Corps still operates a modern 28-car hospital train with 192 hospital beds, serviced by a medical staff of 38 medics and paramedics provided by the Order and a technical staff provided by the Italian Army's 2341:. Its stated purpose is "to give the Order the opportunity to be better enabled to carry out its humanitarian activities as Knights Hospitallers from Saint Angelo, as well as to better define the legal status of Saint Angelo subject to the sovereignty of Malta over it". 184: 2398: 3335: 2425:, ACISMOM) reformed the Order's military to a modern military unit of the era. This unit provided medical support to the Italian Army and on 9 April 1909 the military corps officially became a special auxiliary volunteer corps of the Italian Army under the name 1352:

to the Catholic Grand Priory, a "Russian Grand Priory" of no fewer than 118 Commanderies, dwarfing the rest of the Order and open to all Christians. Paul's election as Grand Master was, however, never ratified under Catholic canon law, and he was the

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After Becciu resigned from the rights and privileges of a cardinal after being implicated in a financial corruption scandal, in October 2020, Pope Francis appointed Archbishop Silvano Tomasi as his special delegate to the order on 1 November 2020.

7516: 185: 7494: 1694:"assists the Grand Master in the spiritual care of the Order and in the governance of the First and Second Class". It includes the Grand Master (or Lieutenant), the Grand Commander, and five Councilors elected by the Chapter of the Professed. 1327:, immediately ordered a cannon fusillade against Malta. The French soldiers disembarked in Malta at seven points on the morning of 11 June and attacked. After several hours of fierce fighting, the Maltese in the west were forced to surrender. 723:

since 1994, this was granted in view of its "long-standing dedication in providing humanitarian assistance and its special role in international humanitarian relations"; the same category is held by other non-state entities such as the

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as part of the bargain only three men – the grand master, the lieutenant grand master, and the chancellor – could be citizens there. The other S.M.O.M.ians were to be citizens of the country they lived

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granted by the Order and generally the Maltese courts have full jurisdiction and Maltese law shall apply. The second bilateral treaty mentions a number of immunities and privileges, none of which appeared in the earlier treaty.

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Agreement between the Government of Malta and the Government of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta (signed 5 December 1998), Article 3(4)–(5), Article 3(2)–(3), Article

2169:(usually their ambassador to the Holy See). During the reign of Fra' Andrew Bertie as Prince and Grand Master (1988–2008), the number of nations extending diplomatic relations to the Order more than doubled from 49 to 100. 1443:, whose sovereignty was to be guaranteed by all of the major European powers, to be determined at the final peace. However, this did not happen because of objections to the treaty that quickly grew in the United Kingdom. 1334:

The knights were dispersed, though the Order continued to exist in a diminished form and negotiated with European governments for a return to power as part of the agreement between France and Holy Roman Empire during the

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In May 2017, the Order named Mauro Bertero Gutiérrez, a Bolivian member of the Government Council, to lead its constitutional reform process. In June 2017, in a departure from tradition, the leadership of the Order wore

1254:" survive in Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden and many other countries, including the United States and South Africa. It was established that the order should remain neutral in any war between Christian nations. 7977: 7502: 6000: 750:, Sub-priories, and National Associations around the world, but there also exist various organizations with similar-sounding names that are unrelated to the Order. These include a number of mimic orders, such as 7524: 5555: 5511:"Agreement between the Government of Malta and the Government of the Sovereign Hospitalier Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta for the restoration and utilisation of parts of Fort St. Angelo" 2222:

The Order's international nature is useful in enabling it to pursue its humanitarian activities without being seen as an operative of any particular nation. Its sovereignty is also expressed in the issuance of

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In 1947, after the post-World War II peace treaty forbade Italy to own or operate bomber aircraft and only operate a limited number of transport aircraft, the Italian Air Force opted to transfer some of its

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Grand Priory of Naples and Sicily (founded as the Priory of Messina, the Priory of Barletta, and the Priory of Capua in the 12th and 13th centuries; suppressed 1806–1826; restored as a single priory 1839)

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status. The grand priories of Lombardy-Venetia and of Sicily were restored from 1839 to 1841. The office of Grand Master was restored by Pope Leo XIII in 1879, after a vacancy of 75 years, confirming

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The coat of arms of the Order, gules a cross argent (a white/silver cross on a red field), is most often depicted on an oval shield surrounded by a rosary, all superimposed on a white eight-pointed

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The Order does not exercise territorial sovereignty over any territory, including its headquarters in Rome and Fort San Angelo, leased from Malta. Both are regarded only as exterritorial property.

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obliged the order to take on the military defence of the sick, the pilgrims, and the captured territories. The order thus added the task of defending the faith to that of its hospitaller mission.

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sovereign order do not oppose the autonomy of the order in the exercise of its sovereignty and prerogatives inherent to it as a subject of international law in relation to States." (Article 3)

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of nuns of the Order, two in Spain that date from the 11/12th centuries and one in Malta. The existence of the nuns is not mentioned in the Constitutional Charter or the Code of the Order.

5140: 7960: 6147: 6142: 5692: 2166: 2144: 5482:"Agreement between the Republic of Malta and the Sovereign Military Order of St. John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta for the Restoration and Utilisation of Parts of Fort St. Angelo" 3946: 239: 8527: 2374:, the Italian postal service, agreed with the Order to deliver internationally most classes of mail other than registered, insured, and special-delivery mail. The Order began issuing 6030: 4134: 3733: 341: 1632: 1449:'s rejection of a British offer involving a ten-year lease of Malta prompted the reactivation of the British blockade of the French coast; Britain declared war on France on 18 May. 182: 5439:

Minuscule as it is, the Order does also possess sovereign territory. This consists of the land in Rome on which stands the Grand Magistracy in the Via Condotti and the Villa Malta.

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Diplomatic vehicles of the Order in Italy receive diplomatic license plates with the code "XA". Other vehicles of the Order receive Italian license plates with the prefix SMOM.

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As time went on, the order adopted the white, eight-pointed Cross that is still its symbol today. The eight points represent the eight beatitudes that Jesus pronounced in his

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The Order states that it was the hospitaller role that enabled the Order to survive the end of the crusading era; nonetheless, it retains its military title and traditions.

8492: 4484: 3884: 3824: 1656:". He is elected to a term of ten years and may be elected to a second term, but may not serve beyond the completion of his 85th year. The Prince and Grand Master is Fra' 4808: 3760: 672:

The Order's modern-day role is largely focused on providing humanitarian assistance and assisting with international humanitarian relations, for which purpose it has had

6990: 6022: 5547: 4000:"Letter of the Holy Father to the Special Delegate at the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta (S.M.O.M.), 04.05.2018" 4003: 1574:– until the election of a new Grand Master. The pope effectively taking control over the Order was seen by some as a break with tradition and the Order's independence. 6137: 3451: 2134: 2774: 1136:

Order, which minted its own coins and maintained diplomatic relations with other states. The senior positions of the Order were given to representatives of different

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as the first Grand Master of the restored Order of Malta. However, the loss of possession of Malta during this period did not affect the right of active and passive

7965: 7786: 3396: 4915: 3386: 183: 3572: 205: 4652:"Lettera Pontificia al Sostituto per gli Affari Generali della Segreteria di Stato per la nomina a Delegato Speciale presso il Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta" 3757:"Lettera Pontificia al Sostituto per gli Affari Generali della Segreteria di Stato per la nomina a Delegato Speciale presso il Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta" 1652:

is the head of the order and governs both as sovereign and as religious superior. He is "entitled to sovereign prerogatives and honors as well as the title of "

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Cox, Noel S.B., The Continuing Question of Sovereignty and the Sovereign Military Order of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta (June 2008). Available at SSRN:

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Fausto Solaro del Borgo, President of the Italian Association of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, stated in a speech given in London in November 2007.

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when appointed by the pope or soon raised to that rank, promotes the spiritual interests of the order and its members, and its relations with the Holy See.

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During the seventeen years that separated the seizure of Malta and the General Peace, "the formality of electing a brother Chief to discharge the office of

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news agency has called it "the smallest sovereign state in the world". The three principal officers are counted as citizens. Although the Order has been a

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six-year terms on the Sovereign Council the same four members Francis had appointed the previous September and six of the nine Councillors he had named.

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who was elected on 3 May 2023. "In the event of permanent impediment, resignation or death of the Grand Master, the Order is governed by a Lieutenant

866: 4838: 4629: 4340: 4087:"Lettera Pontificia al Cardinale eletto Silvano Maria Tomasi per la nomina a Delegato Speciale presso il Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta, 01.11.2020" 2973: 7148: 4424: 4029: 3849: 3641: 2873: 2674: 3783: 2330:. The first treaty, dated 21 June 1991, is now no longer in force. The second treaty was signed on 5 December 1998 and ratified on 1 November 2001. 2173: 1727:

The Order's judicial powers are exercised by a group of Magistral Courts, whose judges are appointed by the Grand Master and the Sovereign Council.

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the Foreign Diplomatic Corps." Finally, the decree affirms that the Bailiffs Knights Grand Cross of Justice in Italy shall be styled "Excellency" (

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states, affected the knights as well. In several countries, including England, Scotland, and Sweden, the order dissolved. In others, including the

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to their annual papal audience. In May 2018 when a new Grand Master was elected, Francis extended Becciu's mandate indefinitely. When the Order's

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Synoptical Sketch of the Illustrious & Sovereign Order of Knights Hospitallers of St John of Jerusalem and of the Venerable Langue of England

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To protect its heritage against fraud, the Order has legally registered sixteen versions of its names and emblems in some one hundred countries.

711:, coins and postage stamps. Its two headquarters buildings in Rome enjoy extraterritoriality, and it maintains embassies in other countries. The 5688: 4566: 1562:

as part of a joint charitable project with the order’s Malteser International to help sex slaves protect themselves from AIDS. In January 2017,

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for the Order, which is legally important for the absolute continuity of international status, regardless of the former territorial possession.

1026:. From there, the defense of the Christian world required the organization of a naval force, so the Order built a powerful fleet and sailed the 106: 7452: 3349: 1251: 1156: 475: 5338: 3938: 3329: 1724:

is the advisory board to the Sovereign Council in charge of studying political, religious, humanitarian assistance and international issues.

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The Grand Master displays a rectangular flag with a red background upon which there is a white eight-pointed Maltese cross, encircled by the

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https://www.orderofmalta.int/press-releases/pope-francis-has-appointed-msgr-luis-manuel-cuna-ramos-as-the-new-prelate-of-the-order-of-malta/

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restored a Grand Master to the order. This signaled the renewal of the Order's fortunes as a humanitarian and religious organization.

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Most of the 48 associations are national, but several countries (Brazil, Germany, the United States) have more than one association.

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to replace Becciu as his Special Delegate to the Order, reiterating the responsibilities of that office as his sole representative.

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Grand Priory of Lombardy and Venice (founded as two priories about 1180; expropriated 1796–1806; restored as a single priory 1839)

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and Germany, entire bailiwicks or commanderies (administrative divisions of the order) experienced Protestant conversions; these "

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audits the Order's finances. It includes a President elected among the seven Councillors, all elected by the Chapter General.

1147:, the walls collapsed from undermining explosives, and by a negotiated surrender the Knights left Rhodes carrying their arms. 8497: 6534: 6110: 5995: 5790: 5510: 4230: 4182: 3999: 3523: 3419: 3368: 2546: 2200: 1699: 1590: 4595: 3475:"The International Legal Status of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St. John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta" 8537: 8517: 8507: 8477: 7749: 4995: 3837:

made clear that the delegate would not have any role in the order's governance, out of respect for the order's sovereignty.

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The Order is one of the largest landowners in Italy; its properties are exempted from certain Italian fiscal jurisdiction.

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The 1802 treaty was never implemented. The United Kingdom resumed hostilities citing France's imperialist policies in the

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Becciu was Substitute for General Affairs of the Secretariat of State, a position akin to that of a papal chief of staff.

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Since 2017, Pope Francis has appointed special delegates to fulfill the role that was previously assigned to the patron.

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Within each class and category of knights there are ranks of Knight, Knight Grand Cross, and Bailiff Knight Grand Cross.

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by John Cochrane and Stuart Elliott, published 1998 by Airlife Publishing Limited of Shrewsbury, England (illustrated).

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The Sovereign Military Order of Malta – The OTHER Malta! A visit to the Order's leased property on the Island of Malta

3255: 3219: 3194: 3169: 2924: 2277: 2034: 1512: 1288: 714: 595: 5640:"This photograph shows four members of the Corps standing guard at the coffin of a deceased Grand Master of the Order" 2188:, to which it contributed USD $ 36,000 from 2006–2022. The Order is not classified as a "non-member state" nor as an " 7527: 7133: 7018: 6598: 6544: 6384: 6344: 6325: 6290: 5895: 5764: 5676: 5324:"Tribunal e Cardinalizi O Costituto Con Pontificio Chirografo Del 10 Diciembre 1951 (judgment dated 24 January 1953)" 5118: 4459: 3095: 2650: 2535: 1604: 1566:

ordered von Boeselager reinstated and required Festing's resignation. Francis also named Archbishop (later Cardinal)

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is the legislative body of the Order, which meets every six years. It elects the members of the Sovereign Council.

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In February 2013, the Order celebrated the 900th anniversary of its papal recognition with a general audience with

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On 2 February 2017 Pope Francis appointed Archbishop Giovanni Angelo Becciu as his special delegate to the order.

7473: 7266: 7088: 6603: 6472: 6216: 5081: 4942: 2185: 906: 725: 677: 5388: 3447: 2192:", but rather as one of the "other entities having received a standing invitation to participate as observers." 2057: 8552: 8342: 7842: 7138: 6940: 6187: 5876: 5307: 4363: 4016:... up to the conclusion of the reform process and in any case until I consider it useful for the Order itself. 2540: 2189: 870: 765:. The Flag of the Order's works is rectangular with a red background upon which there is a white eight-pointed 684:

assisted by 95,000 volunteers in more than 120 countries, assisting children, homeless, disabled, elderly, and

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The Order's membership includes about 13,500 Knights, Dames and Chaplains. Thirty-three of these are professed

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The Order has signed treaties with Italy dated 20 February 1884, 23 December 1915, 4 January 1938, and 1956.

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Membership in the Order is divided into three classes each of which is subdivided into several categories:

1788: 1274: 1062: 4802:"Jerusalem Scene: The Newsletter of St John of Jerusalem Eye Hospital Group – Spring 2017 – Funding Today" 4420: 2796: 1377:

to the Order. The offer was rejected since it would have meant the Order renouncing their claim to Malta.

8324: 8197: 7873: 6833: 6349: 2865: 2077: 1516: 1488: 1409: 1105: 799: 663: 234: 5915: 5906: 8418: 7900: 7701: 7081: 6613: 6593: 6421: 5866: 2518: 2099: 1312: 591: 5801: 8547: 8522: 7928: 6925: 6395: 2834: 2046: 1535: 1421: 1405: 1282: 957: 423: 8261: 8115: 7983: 7832: 6995: 6907: 6708: 6608: 6127: 5323: 3546: 2811: 2484: 2471: 2419:

On 26 March 1876, the Association of the Italian Knights of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (

1144: 692:

around the world without distinction of ethnicity or religion. Through its worldwide relief corps,

7778: 1870:, who make no vows or promises, but live according to the principles of the Church and the Order: 1366:

of the Order being under Lieutenants, rather than Grand Masters, in the period 1805 to 1879, when

8241: 8175: 8147: 7827: 6970: 6965: 6588: 6409: 6378: 6370: 5548:"After Two Centuries, the Order of Malta Flag Flies over Fort St. Angelo beside the Maltese Flag" 4741: 2333:

This agreement grants the Order the use with limited extraterritoriality of the upper portion of

1903:

Sepulchre; and they are entitled to wear the black mozetta with purple piping and purple fascia.

1547: 1219:

The fleet of the Order contributed to the ultimate destruction of the Ottoman naval power in the

859: 814:

for Professed Knights, or for others the ribbon of their rank. Some members may also display the

791: 6212: 5981:

Permanent Observer Mission of the Order of Malta to the United Nations, IAEA and CTBTO in Vienna

5452: 3663: 3087: 3080: 8266: 8246: 8234: 7847: 7738: 7211: 6958: 6953: 6948: 6635: 6441: 6182: 2479: 2467: 2409: 1929: 1735:

The order is divided regionally into six Grand Priories, six Sub-Priories and 48 associations.

1567: 1393: 1235: 693: 2589:

support for refugees and internally displaced persons regardless of race, origin or religion."

2578:

Supremus Militaris Ordo Hospitalarius Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani, Rhodiensis et Melitensis

1511:

and charitable activities were carried out during World Wars I and II under Grand Master Fra'

1479:

of 1815 confirmed the loss of Malta. After having temporarily resided in Messina, Catania and

1424:. Their mandates complexively covered the period until the death of the Emperor Paul in 1801. 85:

Supremus Militaris Ordo Hospitalarius Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani, Rhodiensis et Melitensis

8353: 8348: 7989: 7837: 7483: 6649: 4301: 3300: 2204: 1653: 1129: 1027: 656: 644: 6658: 4275: 2895: 31:

This article is about the modern Catholic military order. For its medieval predecessor, see

8163: 7554: 6975: 6935: 6081: 5756: 5426: 4571: 4452:

Byzance et ses périphéries (Mondes grec, balkanique et musulman): Hommage à Alain Ducellier

4249: 2216: 1978: 1948: 1612: 1336: 1209: 1019: 997: 974: 967: 707:

The Order maintains diplomatic relations with 113 states, enters into treaties, and issues

626: 3395:

as the best source available for the subject matter. The text was identically repeated in

3112: 2141:

List of Permanent Observers of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta to the United Nations

1143:

In 1523, after six months of siege and fierce combat against the fleet and army of Sultan

8: 8456: 8358: 8289: 8084: 8020: 7618: 7609: 7600: 7281: 7039: 7025: 6828: 6798: 6682: 6677: 6663: 6644: 6281: 3286: 2530: 1843: 1496: 1440: 1386: 985: 937: 838: 614: 397: 350: 32: 8373: 4937: 1834:

There are currently (2023) 33 Knights of Justice and six Professed Conventual Chaplains.

1262: 8432: 8398: 8294: 8281: 8256: 8185: 8096: 8054: 7767: 7062: 6700: 6399: 6335: 5966: 4694:"Archbishop Silvano Tomasi is the new Special Delegate to the Sovereign Order of Malta" 3819: 3431:

Illustrated History of Europe: A Unique Guide to Europe's Common Heritage (1992) p. 282

3343: 3053: 1586: 1476: 1228: 666: 577:

Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta

449: 63:

Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta

5850:

Santolaria de Puey y Cruells, José-Apeles (1997). Escuela Diplomática Española (ed.).

5420: 3448:"La Orden de Malta y su Naturaleza Jurídica (The Order of Malta and Its Legal Nature)" 2570:

Sovrano Militare Ordine Ospedaliero di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme, di Rodi e di Malta

2359:

The Order's coins are appreciated more as collector's items than for use as currency.

1373:

On 19 September 1806, the Swedish government offered the sovereignty of the island of

69:

Sovrano Militare Ordine Ospedaliero di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme, di Rodi e di Malta

8202: 8192: 7933: 7878: 7566: 7478: 7256: 7158: 7104: 6980: 6668: 6516: 6431: 6360: 6065: 6057: 5891: 5872: 5830: 5786: 5760: 5672: 5485: 5303: 5114: 4455: 3494: 3415: 3373: 3215: 3190: 3165: 3091: 2694: 2327: 1972: 1954: 1821: 1571: 1570:

as his personal representative to the Order – sidelining the Order's Cardinal Patron

1527: 1220: 1186: 1173:

The Order remained without a territory of its own until 1530, when Grand Master Fra'

1166: 618: 462: 436: 384: 326: 319: 36: 6985: 5577: 5514: 5389:"Corte Suprema di Cassazione; Sezioni unite civili; sentenza 6 giugno 1974, n. 1653" 4671:"'You Cannot Serve Both God And Money': Vatican's Financial Scandal Takes New Twist" 3025: 1787:

Until the beginning of the nineteenth century the Order was divided regionally into

1061:

were grouped according to the languages they spoke. The first seven such groups, or

8503:

Orders of chivalry awarded to heads of state, consorts and sovereign family members

8311: 8180: 8001: 6848: 6757: 6506: 5147:[For French law, the Order of Malta is not a subject of international law.] 5145:

Pour le droit français, l'Ordre de Malte n'est pas un sujet de droit international.

3515: 3486: 3378: 3234: 2565: 2408:

Military Corps of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, ACISMOM, in parade during

2294: 2212: 2020: 1942: 1531: 1428: 1401: 1344: 1340: 1292: 1190: 697: 685: 275: 75: 5986:

Permanent Observer Mission of the Order of Malta to the United Nations in New York

1643:

The proceedings of the Order are governed by its Constitutional Charter and Code.

1623: 761:: the State Flag is rectangular with a red background upon which there is a white 8251: 8138: 8037: 7336: 6930: 6897: 6446: 6425: 6389: 6054: 5925:

Ruolo generale del sov. mil. ordine di S. Giovanni de Gerulasemme ovvero di Malta

5750: 5110: 2821: 2814:

Observer Status for the Sovereign Military Order of Malta in the General Assembly

2334: 2320: 2261: 2211:, starting with the prefix "1A". The Order has neither sought nor been granted a 1579: 1551: 1224: 1201: 962: 941: 795: 607: 588: 285: 8368: 8284: 5003: 3382: 1907:

and, at the discretion of the Grand Master and Sovereign Council, may enter the

810:(laypersons having no such restriction). The shield is surrounded with a silver 8335: 8330: 8047: 8042: 8007: 7995: 7468: 7406: 7231: 7163: 6902: 6882: 6872: 6501: 6496: 6436: 5614: 5051: 2769: 2676:

Atti approvati dal Capitolo Generale Straordinario, Ariccia, 25-29 gennaio 2023

2573: 2496: 2371: 1862:

There are currently (2023) 541 Knights in Obedience and 137 Dames in Obedience.

1815: 1657: 1628: 1597: 1300: 1296: 1213: 946: 910: 652: 622: 309: 148: 91: 8212: 5853:

Relaciones jurídicas internacionales de la Soberana Orden de San Juan de Malta

5025: 1799: 1483:, the seat of the order was moved to Ferrara in 1826 and to Rome in 1834. The 921: 8466: 8316: 7447: 7296: 6892: 6887: 6877: 6867: 6762: 6724: 6461: 6451: 6330: 6266: 6251: 6241: 5928:(Roma: Tipografia Poliglotta della S. Congregazione di Propaganda Fide, 1880) 4878: 3784:"Cardinal Burke 'in Office but out of Power' as Job Handed to Papal Delegate" 3498: 3490: 3302:

Pièces diverses relatives aux operations militaires et pol. du gén. Bonaparte

2379: 2253: 2111: 2014: 2010: 1520: 1492: 1484: 1468: 1417: 1367: 815: 766: 758: 643:("Defence of the faith and assistance to the poor"). The order venerates the 540: 488: 254: 241: 220: 207: 200: 166: 7745: 6466: 5990: 4622:"Pope Francis appoints his Special Delegate to the Sovereign Order of Malta" 3251: 2495:

The Military Corps has become known in mainland Europe for its operation of

1593:

met in May 2019 three of the 62 participants were women for the first time.

966:

church. All the Knights were religious, bound by the three monastic vows of

680:

since 1994. The Order employs about 52,000 doctors, nurses, auxiliaries and

8444: 8229: 8221: 6742: 4447: 4057:"The Chapter General of the Sovereign Order of Malta has been held in Rome" 3082:

The Church Visible: The Ceremonial Life and Protocol of the Catholic Church

1936: 1563: 1546:

The Order experienced a leadership crisis beginning in December 2016, when

914: 807: 648: 5783:

Nobility, Honour and Glory: A Brief Military History of the Order of Malta

5196: 3970:"New Knights of Malta leader genuflects before Francis in Vatican meeting" 3305:(in French). Paris: De l'imprimerie de P. Didot l'aîné. 1800. p. 32. 2355:

Postage stamps and postal history of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

1464: 1281:

which had just been dissolved. In 1665, the four islands were sold to the

606:

nature. Though it possesses no territory, the order is often considered a

8059: 7923: 7391: 7331: 6808: 6456: 6169: 6061: 5857: 2153:

The Order has formal diplomatic relations with 113 states (including the

1966: 1754:

Grand Priory of Austria (separated from the Grand Priory of Bohemia 1938)

1583: 1453: 1266: 1247: 1161: 1031: 762: 380: 7533:

Orders, decorations, and medals of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

5985: 4761:"Pope Francis nominates the new Prelate of the Sovereign Order of Malta" 2835:"About Malteser International: For a life in health and dignity for all" 2513:

Orders, decorations, and medals of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

2422:

Associazione dei cavalieri italiani del sovrano militare ordine di Malta

2203:

has granted radio identification prefixes to the United Nations and the

1208:, was named), defended the island for more than three months during the 7361: 7326: 7306: 5818: 3664:"Pope intervenes in Knights of Malta after head resigns under pressure" 3634:"The Knights of Malta-Vatican feud: a tale of chivalry and sovereignty" 1674: 1239: 953: 913:, founder of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem. Copper engraving by 873: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 335: 5077: 4030:"Pope Francis extends mandate of special delegate to Knights of Malta" 3815:"Dust up with Order of Malta ends not with a bang but a reinstatement" 2081:

Coat of arms of the Knights of Malta from the façade of the church of

7301: 6786: 6734: 6119: 6069: 3603:"Vatican condom row: pope prevails as Knights of Malta chief resigns" 3327: 2326:

Two bilateral treaties have been concluded between the Order and the

1960: 1908: 1742:

Grand Priory of Rome (founded 1214; expropriated 1808; restored 1816)

1125: 681: 7073: 6193: 5192: 4596:"Cardinal Burke: 'I'm Called the Enemy of the Pope, Which I Am Not'" 4089:(Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 1 November 2020 3939:"Working to update the Constitution of the Sovereign Order of Malta" 3695:"Pope Francis Declares All of Festing's Recent Acts 'Null and Void'" 2390: 2145:

List of diplomatic missions of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

848: 8427: 8403: 8155: 8091: 7808: 7762: 7655: 7636: 7427: 7376: 7371: 7351: 7216: 7057: 6859: 6719: 6627: 4883: 4567:"Cardinal Paolo Sardi, former patron of Order of Malta, dies at 84" 4477:"The Order of Malta's patron Paolo Sardi has been created cardinal" 3138: 2394: 2367: 2363: 2208: 2154: 2106: 2086: 1596:

On 1 November 2020, Pope Francis named Archbishop (later Cardinal)

1504: 1446: 1308: 1243: 1205: 1121: 1109: 1097: 1073: 1069: 1035: 996:

When the last Christian stronghold in the Holy Land fell after the

978: 803: 701: 603: 599: 8107: 7718: 6202: 5976:

Constitution of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (in Italian)

5919:

by Francesco Bonazzi (Napoli: Libreria Detken & Rocholl, 1907)

5910:

by Francesco Bonazzi (Napoli: Libreria Detken & Rocholl, 1897)

5832:

Evolution and Adaptation: The Order of Saint John in War and Peace

5752:

Popes and Cardinals of the 20th Century: A Biographical Dictionary

2451: 2315: 2025:

The Sovereign Military Order of Malta has collaborated with other

8451: 7401: 7356: 7316: 7276: 7271: 7261: 7246: 7241: 7236: 7221: 7206: 7196: 7186: 7181: 6777: 6178: 5916:

Elenco dei cavaleri del S.M.Ordine di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme

5913:

List of Italian knights of the Order of Malta from 1714 to 1907:

5907:

Elenco dei cavaleri del S.M.Ordine di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme

5904:

List of Italian knights of the Order of Malta from 1136 to 1713:

5545: 4758: 4691: 4619: 4474: 4211:(Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 19 June 2023 4183:"The Extraordinary Chapter General Elected the Sovereign Council" 4054: 3936: 3905: 3412:

The Terror Before Trafalgar: Nelson, Napoleon, And The Secret War

2946: 2455: 2404: 1771:

Sub-Priory of Our Lady of Philermo (San Francisco, United States)

1559: 1555: 1480: 1374: 1358: 1101: 1093: 1089: 1049:

In the early 14th century, the institutions of the Order and the

751: 689: 5960: 3877:"Ancient order, modern times: Order of Malta focuses on renewal" 3726:"A triptych on Benedict's papacy, and hints of what lies beyond" 2921:"Pope Francis to receive Knights of Malta grand master Thursday" 2021:

Relationship with other mutually-recognised Orders of Saint John

7442: 7432: 7422: 7396: 7386: 7366: 7346: 7341: 7321: 7291: 7251: 7226: 7043: 7034: 6803: 6793: 6483: 6416: 6115: 4742:"Prelate: Ecclesiastical superior of the Order of Malta clergy" 3377:. s3-III (66). Oxford University Press: 270–273. 4 April 1863. 2115: 1710:

elects the Grand Master or the Lieutenant of the Grand Master.

1550:

protested his removal as Grand Chancellor by Grand Master Fra'

1085: 1077: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1023: 1001: 930: 926: 823: 819: 811: 798:, the Order of Malta is one of only two orders (along with the 747: 553: 5285:

Law Among Nations: An Introduction to Public International Law

4157:"Ordine di Malta. Sovrano Consiglio, elette le alte 4 cariche" 1777:

Sub-Priory of The Immaculate Conception (Melbourne, Australia)

742:

Flag and coat of arms of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

7437: 7381: 7311: 7286: 6571: 5160:

Il diritto di legazione attivo e passivo dell'Ordine de Malta

4905: 4832: 4454:. Toulouse: Presses universitaires du Midi. p. 407-416. 4418: 4361: 4330: 4299: 4273: 4247: 3110: 3051: 2990: 2863: 2812:

United Nations General Assembly, Session 48, Resolution 265,

2714: 2370:

that lack full diplomatic relations with the Order. In 2005,

2338: 1895:

There are currently (2023) 12,395 members of the Third Class.

1436: 1178: 1081: 1043: 1039: 784: 780: 634: 43: 5849: 5421:

Paul, Chevalier (pseudonym of a French knight of the SMOM).

2281:

warned, that it has the legal treatment of foreign states".

8380: 6747: 6315: 3908:"The Constitutional Reform of the Sovereign Order of Malta" 3547:"Pope probes Order of Malta ouster over old condom scandal" 2639:. Rome: Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 3 September 2022 2375: 2362:

Some 58 countries recognize the Order's postage stamps for

2252:

On 24 January 1953, the Tribunal of Cardinals appointed by

1803:

A Knight of Grace and Devotion in contemporary church robes

1774:

Sub-Priory of Our Lady of Lourdes (New York, United States)

1558:

were found to have been distributed by other aid groups in

196: 7726: 7710: 7676: 7650: 7635:

First Category: Knights and Dames of Honour and Devotion (

7631: 4231:"Fra' John Dunlap 81st Grand Master of the Order of Malta" 2157:) and has official relations with another five states and 2135:

Foreign relations of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

1193:, for which the order had to honour the conditions of the 8528:

Catholic religious orders established in the 11th century

7668: 7661: 7654:

Third Category: Knights and Dames of Grace and Devotion (

7643: 7614: 7605: 7596: 5980: 5823:

The Dictator Pope: The Inside Story of the Francis Papacy

4109:"Pope promulgates new Constitution of the Order of Malta" 2458:

of the air force of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

1665:

of honour pertaining to a sovereign. Both the Lieutenant

945:

under the guidance of its founder, the religious brother

5368:"The Order of Malta, Sovereignty, and International Law" 5173:

Astraudo, A. (1935). "Saint-marin et l'Ordre de Malta".

4547: 4523: 4511: 3850:"Why the pope has taken control of the Knights of Malta" 3018:"Pseudo Orden und ihr Auftreten in Österreich 1996–2008" 2199:

and a number of international organizations. While the

7579: 7572: 7562: 4535: 4499: 3450:. Caracas, Distrito Capital, Venezuela: Analítica.com. 3363: 3361: 3359: 2971: 2765:"Who Are the Knights of Malta — and What Do They Want?" 2399:

Military Corps of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

2310: 2165:

around the world and many of the states reciprocate by

1687:

Council of the Professed Knights, and four Councilors.

5104:

The Holy See, the Order of Malta and International Law

4475:

Sovereign Military Order of Malta (25 November 2010).

3937:

Sovereign Military Order of Malta (17 November 2017).

3759:(in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 2 February 2017. 3516:"Knights of Malta Catholic order celebrates 900 years" 2859: 2857: 2855: 1768:

Sub-Priory of St. George and St. James (Madrid, Spain)

940:

dates back to around 1048. Merchants from the ancient

49:"Knight of Malta" redirects here. For other uses, see 8416: 7601:

Knights and Dames of Honour and Devotion in Obedience

5450: 4692:

Sovereign Military Order of Malta (1 November 2020).

4620:

Sovereign Military Order of Malta (6 February 2017).

4448:"I Donati nell'organizzazione giovannita e melitense" 1849:

Knights and Dames of Honour and Devotion in Obedience

832: 7680:

Sixth Category: Donats of Devotion (male and female)

7672:

Fifth Category: Knights and Dames of Magistral Grace

7610:

Knights and Dames of Grace and Devotion in Obedience

5267: 4002:(Press release). Holy See Press Office. 4 May 2018. 3356: 2009:

On 4 July 2015 Pope Francis named as Prelate Bishop

1852:

Knights and Dames of Grace and Devotion in Obedience

1459: 8493:

Orders of chivalry under protection of the Holy See

5835:. Ordines Militares. Colloquia Torunensia Historica 5829:Güttner-Sporzyński, Darius von (15 January 2013) . 5806:. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge 5613:. Sovereign Military Order of Malta. Archived from 5546:Sovereign Military Order of Malta (13 March 2001). 2852: 5971:(in English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish) 5828: 5601: 5599: 5505: 5503: 5476: 5474: 3906:Sovereign Military Order of Malta (28 June 2017). 3079: 2693: 2506: 2378:-denominated postage stamps in 2005, although the 1669:and the Lieutenant of the Grand Master are styled 7619:Knights and Dames of Magistral Grace in Obedience 5934:"How did Pope Francis change the Order of Malta?" 4759:Sovereign Military Order of Malta (4 July 2015). 2033:in Jerusalem, which is primarily operated by the 1855:Knights and Dames of Magistral Grace in Obedience 155:"Defence of the faith and assistance to the poor" 8533:1090s establishments in the Kingdom of Jerusalem 8464: 7647:Second Category: Conventual Chaplains ad honorem 5605: 5227:(9th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. 4055:Sovereign Military Order of Malta (2 May 2019). 3328:Sir Richard Broun, K.T.; Bart, G.C.J.J. (1857). 2029:; for example, the SMOM is a major donor of the 1343:, gave the largest number of knights shelter in 7978:Order of Saint Sylvester and the Militia Aurata 7810:Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See 5825:, Washington DC, Regnery Publishing, 2017–2018. 5596: 5500: 5471: 5337:(15). The Holy See: 765–767. 30 November 1953. 4996:"ARRLWeb: DXCC Entities List (Current, 1A0-9Z)" 2947:"Malta Permanent Mission to the United Nations" 2626: 2366:purposes, including several such as Canada and 1385:The French forces occupying Malta expelled the 1200:In 1565, the Knights, led by Grand Master Fra' 1014:History of Rhodes under the Order of Saint John 746:The Order of Malta comprises a large number of 5423:"An Essay on the Order of St. John (S.M.O.M.)" 5131:"Point de Presse Declarations du Porte-Parole" 3874: 3241:(London: Longman, Brown, Green, 1858). p. 457. 3164:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 8–9. 2807: 2805: 2624: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2612: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2348: 2247: 1157:History of Malta under the Order of Saint John 35:. For the period of Malta under its rule, see 8123: 7794: 7510: 7089: 6016: 5606:Solaro del Borgo, Fausto (17 November 2007). 5242:. Amsterdam: North Holland. pp. IV, 512. 3812: 2426: 2420: 1951:, O.P. (10 November 1978 – 9 April 1984) 1757:Grand Priory of England (re-established 1993) 1611:On 19 June 2023, Pope Francis named Cardinal 1402:Grand Baillies Field Marshal Counto Soltikoff 1299:wearing the Crown of the Grand Master of the 712: 67: 5931: 5922:List of members of the Order of Malta 1880: 5287:(6th revised ed.). Sweet & Maxwell. 5139:(in French). 7 February 1997. Archived from 4355: 3609:. Reuters in Vatican City. 24 January 2017. 3214:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 10. 2382:remains the official currency of the Order. 1765:Sub-Priory of St. Michael (Cologne, Germany) 1349:Russian tradition of the Knights Hospitaller 1261:. On 21 May 1651 it acquired the islands of 1189:as monarchs of Sicily, with the approval of 8488:Orders following the Rule of Saint Benedict 8272:County Palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos 5888:The Knights of Malta: A Modern Resurrection 5780: 5716:"Treno Ospedale Attrezzato Per L'Emergenza" 5713: 5238:Steinberger, Helmut (2000). "Sovereignty". 5237: 5078:"The Coins of the Sovereign Order of Malta" 4971:"Intergovernmental and Other Organizations" 4662: 4406:The Knights of Malta: A Modern Resurrection 3189:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 9. 3077: 2974:"Intergovernmental and Other Organizations" 2802: 2603: 1780:Sub-Priory of St. Oliver Plunkett (Ireland) 925:Portrait of an unknown Knight of Malta, by 638: 164: 140: 83: 8130: 8116: 7801: 7787: 7517: 7503: 7096: 7082: 6023: 6009: 5965: 5361: 5359: 5052:"Sovereign Order of Malta – Official site" 4399: 4397: 4395: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4127: 3348:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3279:"From the Loss of Malta to the Modern Era" 3212:Napoleon's Egypt: Invading the Middle East 3187:Napoleon's Egypt: Invading the Middle East 3162:Napoleon's Egypt: Invading the Middle East 2687: 2685: 2182:specialized agencies of the United Nations 1515:(1931–1951). Under the Grand Masters Fra' 1439:, which was to be restored to a recreated 530:39 vowed members (33 knights; 6 chaplains) 8543:United Nations General Assembly observers 7154:Commission against Racism and Intolerance 5932:Gagliarducci, Andrea (6 September 2022). 5748: 5451:Vittorio Emanuele III (2 December 1929). 5300:International Law: A Student Introduction 5282: 5252: 5240:Encyclopaedia of Public International Law 5157: 4868:Carta Costituzionale e Codice, Articolo 2 4859:Carta Costituzionale e Codice, Articolo 4 4553: 4541: 4529: 4517: 4505: 4137:. Holy See Press Office. 3 September 2022 4027: 3570: 3441: 3439: 3437: 2669: 2667: 2665: 2663: 2661: 2659: 2428:Corpo Militare dell'Esercito dell'ACISMOM 1169:(1571), unknown artist, late 16th century 1022:, the knights regrouped on the island of 889:Learn how and when to remove this message 42:For the unrelated Republic of Malta, see 7149:Commission for the Efficiency of Justice 5871:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. 5316: 5222: 5172: 4668: 4408:. London: Third Millennium. p. 286. 3723: 3631: 3544: 3414:. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. 3047: 3045: 3043: 2461: 2450: 2403: 2389: 2314: 2197:International Committee of the Red Cross 2105: 2094: 2076: 2056: 2027:mutually-recognized Orders of Saint John 1911:to become professed Knights of Justice. 1873:Knights and Dames of Honour and Devotion 1798: 1622: 1541: 1463: 1287: 1160: 920: 905: 730:International Committee of the Red Cross 721:United Nations General Assembly observer 7906:Medal of the Order pro Merito Melitensi 5890:. Bevin Way, London: Third Millennium. 5669:Military Aircraft Insignia of the World 5570: 5356: 5297: 5268:Waldstein-Wartenberg, Berthold (1969). 5207: 4807:. Saint John Eye Hospital Group. 2017. 4593: 4445: 4386: 3967: 3875:Arocho Esteves, Junno (3 August 2017). 3389:from the original on 11 September 2020. 3338:from the original on 11 September 2020. 2762: 2682: 2268: 2052: 1879:Knights and Dames of Grace and Devotion 1277:. These were purchased from the French 783:over a princely mantle surmounted by a 14: 8513:Religious organisations based in Italy 8465: 5558:from the original on 16 September 2016 5225:Principles of Public International Law 5197:http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1140462 4374:from the original on 15 September 2016 3692: 3472: 3445: 3434: 3276: 3136: 2789: 2763:Keating, Joshua E. (19 January 2011). 2673:Gran Priorato di Lombardia e Venezia. 2656: 2582: 2178:General Assembly of the United Nations 1751:Grand Priory of Bohemia (founded 1182) 1501:Giovanni Battista Ceschi a Santa Croce 8111: 7782: 7498: 7103: 7077: 6004: 5799: 5584:from the original on 22 February 2018 5457:Gazzetta Ufficiale del Regno d'Italia 5344:from the original on 14 February 2015 5302:(5th ed.). Sweet & Maxwell. 5058:from the original on 23 February 2018 5028:. Targheitaliane.it. 24 August 1994. 4814:from the original on 2 September 2018 3813:O'Connell, Gerard (3 February 2017). 3782:Lamb, Christopher (30 January 2017). 3571:Tornielli, Andrea (26 January 2017). 3545:Winfield, Nicole (22 December 2016). 3309:from the original on 10 November 2014 3040: 2547:Sovereign State of the Bektashi Order 2227:, licence plates, stamps, and coins. 2201:International Telecommunication Union 1914: 1818:of poverty, chastity, and obedience: 1730: 613:The order claims continuity with the 7750:Malteser International Service Medal 7665:Fourth Category: Magistral Chaplains 5885: 5864: 5650:from the original on 6 November 2018 5084:from the original on 28 October 2017 4669:Poggioli, Sylvia (14 October 2020). 4487:from the original on 6 February 2017 4403: 3794:from the original on 30 January 2017 3781: 3763:from the original on 17 January 2018 3705:from the original on 27 January 2017 3674:from the original on 25 January 2017 3644:from the original on 29 January 2017 3632:Pullella, Philip (29 January 2017). 3613:from the original on 25 January 2017 3583:from the original on 26 January 2017 3526:from the original on 9 February 2013 3466: 3369:"The Order of St. John of Jerusalem" 3209: 3184: 3159: 2747:World Orders of Knighthood and Merit 2691: 2311:Relations with the Republic of Malta 2167:accrediting ambassadors to the Order 2102:of the Order, as seen in Rome, Italy 2040: 1969:(6 June 2009 – 8 November 2014) 1888:Donats (male and female) of Devotion 1885:Knights and Dames of Magistral Grace 1523:(1988–2008), the projects expanded. 1000:in 1291, the order settled first in 871:adding citations to reliable sources 842: 735: 8137: 6773:Church of Saint Mary of the Germans 6197: 5402:(6): 1471/1472–1475/1476. June 1975 5272:. Wien: Verlag Herold. p. 264. 5270:Rechtsgeschichte des Malteserordens 4968: 4950:from the original on 23 August 2022 4918:from the original on 9 October 2011 4906:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4833:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4427:from the original on 3 January 2017 4419:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4362:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4331:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4300:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4274:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4248:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 3980:from the original on 21 August 2017 3968:McElwee, Joshua J. (23 June 2017). 3918:from the original on 22 August 2017 3887:from the original on 21 August 2017 3149:(1): 2–11 – via academia.edu. 3111:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 3078:Noonan, Jr., James-Charles (1996). 3052:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 2991:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 2864:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 2795:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 2777:from the original on 30 August 2018 2715:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 2230: 1985: 1963:(8 May 1993 – 11 January 2009) 1928:(Cardinal Patron), who is either a 1554:. Von Boeselager was removed after 1259:ruled four islands in the Caribbean 1175:Philippe de Villiers de l'Isle Adam 1030:, fighting battles for the sake of 621:that was founded about 1099 by the 24: 8483:Military orders (monastic society) 7961:Order of Saint John of the Lateran 7689: 5774: 5695:from the original on 24 March 2012 5365: 4879:"Mass commemorates knights leader" 4594:Douthat, Ross (12 November 2019). 3827:from the original on 18 April 2017 3693:Pentin, Edward (26 January 2017). 3479:International Community Law Review 3454:from the original on 1 August 2015 2953:from the original on 22 April 2016 2925:Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata 2186:UN Central Emergency Response Fund 2035:Most Venerable Order of Saint John 1957:(26 May 1984 – 21 March 1993) 1945:(3 July 1969 – 17 March 1978) 1939:(8 August 1961 – 3 July 1969) 1919: 1603:On 3 September 2022, Pope Francis 1530:and a Mass celebrated by Cardinal 1513:Ludovico Chigi Albani della Rovere 1347:, an action that gave rise to the 1238:, which split Western Europe into 1204:(after whom the capital of Malta, 1181:, granted to the order by Emperor 1018:In 1310, led by Grand Master Fra' 973:The constitution of the Christian 833:History of the Order of Saint John 715:Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata 640:Tuitio fidei et obsequium pauperum 142:Tuitio fidei et obsequium pauperum 25: 8564: 8473:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 7896:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 7484:Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006) 6040:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 5991:The Order of Malta Magistral Post 5952: 5193:https://ssrn.com/abstract=1140462 5136:Ministère des Affaires étrangères 5032:from the original on 19 July 2011 4841:from the original on 23 June 2017 4343:from the original on 23 June 2017 4333:"Receiver of the Common Treasure" 4312:from the original on 23 June 2017 3949:from the original on 12 June 2018 3736:from the original on 12 June 2017 3724:Allen J., John L. (13 May 2011). 3258:from the original on 4 March 2012 3239:A History of the Knights of Malta 2876:from the original on 9 March 2018 2536:List of Knights Hospitaller sites 2385: 2195:The Order has relations with the 2061:Foreign relations with the SMOM: 1460:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 1320:Ferdinand von Hompesch zu Bolheim 1177:took possession of the island of 629:. The order is led by an elected 569:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 365: 8450: 8438: 8426: 8211: 8090: 8078: 8065:Other Catholic orders of chivaly 7761: 7744: 7725: 7717: 7709: 7675: 7667: 7660: 7649: 7642: 7630: 7613: 7604: 7595: 7578: 7571: 7561: 7526: 7056: 7033: 7017: 6792: 6768:Church of Saint John the Baptist 6415: 6383: 6343: 6324: 6211: 6201: 6192: 6177: 6074: 6043: 6032: 5707: 5681: 5662: 5632: 5539: 5529: 5444: 5414: 5381: 5291: 5276: 5261: 5246: 5231: 5216: 5201: 5185: 5166: 5151: 5123: 4835:"The Nuns of the Order of Malta" 4028:Brockhaus, Hannah (4 May 2018). 3398:The Freemasons' Monthly Magazine 2976:. United Nations. Archived from 2110:Flags of Knights Hospitaller in 2013:. Laffitte succeeded Archbishop 1692:Council of the Professed Knights 1548:Albrecht Freiherr von Boeselager 1400:of Grand Master was held by the 1279:Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique 847: 754:and non-Catholic organizations. 610:entity under international law. 180: 119: 105: 51:Knight of Malta (disambiguation) 6257:Orders, decorations, and medals 6100: 5742: 5096: 5070: 5044: 5018: 4988: 4962: 4943:Central Emergency Response Fund 4930: 4899: 4871: 4862: 4853: 4826: 4794: 4783: 4752: 4734: 4716: 4685: 4644: 4613: 4602: 4587: 4559: 4468: 4439: 4412: 4324: 4293: 4267: 4241: 4223: 4201: 4175: 4149: 4101: 4079: 4048: 4036:from the original on 4 May 2018 4021: 4006:from the original on 5 May 2018 3992: 3961: 3930: 3899: 3868: 3842: 3806: 3775: 3749: 3717: 3686: 3656: 3625: 3595: 3564: 3538: 3508: 3425: 3404: 3321: 3293: 3270: 3244: 3228: 3203: 3178: 3153: 3130: 3104: 3071: 3010: 2984: 2965: 2939: 2913: 2888: 2827: 2696:Report from Practically Nowhere 2507:Orders, decorations, and medals 2319:Flags of Malta and the SMOM on 1876:Conventual Chaplains ad honorem 1618: 968:poverty, chastity and obedience 858:needs additional citations for 806:may be displayed in a clerical 726:International Olympic Committee 678:United Nations General Assembly 366:Receiver of the Common Treasure 8343:Livonian Brothers of the Sword 8230:Latin Empire of Constantinople 7843:Order of St. Gregory the Great 7048: 6941:Conquest of Rhodes (1306–1310) 6811: 6780: 6671: 6652: 6638: 6616: 6582: 6403: 6206: 6188:Order of Malta Ambulance Corps 5781:Burlamacchi, Maurizio (2013). 4209:"Rinunce e nomine, 19.06.2023" 2839:www.malteser-international.org 2756: 2739: 2708: 2559: 2541:Order of Malta Ambulance Corps 2190:intergovernmental organization 2126:Pierre d'Aubusson (1476–1503); 2122:Fabrizio Carretto (1513–1514); 2072: Other official relations 1975:(8 November 2014–19 June 2023) 1844:Knights and Dames in Obedience 1827:Professed Conventual Chaplains 1104:– became eight in 1492, when 13: 1: 8277:Lordship of Argos and Nauplia 8011: 7144:Commissioner for Human Rights 5749:Lentz III, Harris M. (2015). 4163:(in Italian). 27 January 2023 3573:"The Order of Malta's crisis" 2972:United Nations Organization. 2649:Also available in English as 2633:Carta Costituzionale e Codice 2596: 2128:Jacques de Milly (1454–1451). 2124:Amaury d'Amboise (1503–1512); 1846:make a Promise of Obedience: 1794: 1638: 1257:From 1651 to 1665, the Order 1195:Tribute of the Maltese Falcon 1183:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor 513:0 km (0 sq mi) 403: 342:Riccardo Paternò di Montecupo 8498:Orders of chivalry in Europe 7052:Demolished or sparse remains 6839:Colonization of the Americas 5002:. 6 May 2008. Archived from 4609:Rinunce e nomine, 19.06.2023 2824:. Retrieved 24 February 2017 2501:Ferrovieri Engineer Regiment 2490: 2446: 2290:Victor Emmanuel III of Italy 2150:race, sex, origin and age". 2083:San Giovannino dei Cavalieri 1738:The six Grand Priories are: 1615:to succeed Burke as patron. 696:, the order aids victims of 579:, and commonly known as the 408:; 925 years ago 396:• Establishment of the 27:Catholic lay religious order 7: 8538:1099 establishments in Asia 8518:Former governments in exile 8508:Organisations based in Rome 8478:Catholic orders of chivalry 8325:State of the Teutonic Order 8198:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia 7874:Order of the Holy Sepulchre 7029:(with year of proclamation) 6976:Great Siege of Malta (1565) 6834:Principality of Heitersheim 6525:St John (Conventual Church) 6350:Villa del Priorato di Malta 5803:Knights of Malta, 1523–1798 5283:Von Glahn, Gerhard (1992). 5257:. Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer. 5158:Cansacchi, Giorgio (1940). 3446:Arocha, Magaly (May 1999). 2524: 2349:Currency and postage stamps 2248:Relations with the Holy See 1517:Angelo de Mojana di Cologna 1487:in Via Condotti 68 and the 1362:Grand Master of the Order. 901: 800:Order of the Holy Sepulchre 776:and surmounted by a crown. 235:Villa del Priorato di Malta 10: 8569: 7901:Order pro Merito Melitensi 7702:Order pro merito Melitensi 7469:Czechoslovakia (1991–1992) 6714:Palace of the Grand Master 4446:De Anna, Luigi G. (2004). 3974:National Catholic Reporter 3881:National Catholic Reporter 3730:National Catholic Reporter 3699:National Catholic Register 3277:Sainty, Guy Stair (2000). 3252:"Focus on Malta – History" 2519:Order pro Merito Melitensi 2510: 2352: 2278:Supreme Court of Cassation 2217:international dialing code 2184:. One such example is the 2138: 2132: 2100:Vehicle registration plate 2066: Diplomatic relations 2000: 1761:The six Sub-Priories are: 1456:, Italy, and Switzerland. 1313:French occupation of Malta 1154: 1011: 836: 739: 29: 8389: 8310: 8220: 8209: 8154: 8145: 8073: 8030: 7947: 7939:Jerusalem Pilgrim's Cross 7929:Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice 7916: 7856: 7816: 7756: 7737: 7700: 7687: 7625: 7588: 7550: 7539: 7461: 7415: 7172: 7111: 7012: 6991:Battle of Damietta (1732) 6926:Siege of Jerusalem (1187) 6916: 6858: 6847: 6821: 6733: 6699: 6626: 6570: 6563: 6515: 6482: 6369: 6359: 6314: 6280: 6234: 6168: 6088: 6052: 5298:Wallace, Rebecca (2005). 5253:Dahm, Georg (1958–1961). 5208:Wengler, Wilhelm (1964). 3883:. Catholic News Service. 3383:10.1093/nq/s3-III.66.270d 1708:Council Complete of State 1315:. Napoleon demanded from 1283:French West India Company 1007: 991: 958:Pie postulatio voluntatis 942:Marine Republic of Amalfi 713: 674:permanent observer status 546: 536: 522: 517: 507: 502: 498: 485: 472: 459: 446: 433: 420: 394: 390: 379: 375: 362: 347: 332: 315: 300: 296: 291: 281: 271: 192: 159: 135: 101: 61: 8262:Duchy of the Archipelago 7984:Advocates of Saint Peter 7833:Order of the Golden Spur 6981:Battle of Lepanto (1571) 5109:21 November 2015 at the 4938:"Contributions by donor" 4908:"Multilateral Relations" 4235:Sovereign Order of Malta 4187:Sovereign Order of Malta 4032:. Catholic News Agency. 3491:10.1163/187197312x617674 2900:Sovereign Order of Malta 2820:26 February 2017 at the 2552: 2485:Italian Air Force Museum 2472:Italian Air Force Museum 2219:for telephone purposes. 1380: 1150: 1145:Suleiman the Magnificent 1112:were separated from the 961:dated 15 February 1113, 357:Alessandro de Franciscis 8242:Kingdom of Thessalonica 8176:Principality of Antioch 8148:List of Crusader states 8085:Vatican City portal 7828:Supreme Order of Christ 7479:Saar (assoc. 1950–1956) 7129:Parliamentary Assembly 7124:Committee of Ministers 6971:Siege of Tripoli (1551) 6966:Invasion of Gozo (1551) 4364:"National Institutions" 3137:Eiland, Murray (2013). 2745:Sainty, Guy Stair, ed. 2700:. Harper. p. 140. 2215:for the Internet or an 2159:with the European Union 1649:Prince and Grand Master 1633:Prince and Grand Master 1339:. The Russian Emperor, 1227:, half brother of King 792:ecclesiastical heraldry 631:prince and grand master 272:Official languages 8364:Bishopric of Ösel–Wiek 8267:Triarchy of Negroponte 8247:Principality of Achaea 8235:Duchy of Philippopolis 8097:Catholicism portal 7966:Order of Saint Cecilia 7848:Order of St. Sylvester 7768:Catholicism portal 7739:Malteser International 7694: 7591:(promise of obedience) 7212:Bosnia and Herzegovina 7063:Catholicism portal 6931:Battle of Arsuf (1191) 6442:Santa Margherita Lines 6183:Malteser International 6148:Diplomatic missions to 6143:Diplomatic missions of 5331:Acta Apostolicae Sedis 5223:Brownlie, Ian (2019). 3473:Karski, Karol (2012). 3401:, 18 April 1863, p. 3. 3334:. london. p. 21. 2651:Constitutional Charter 2577: 2569: 2480:Savoia-Marchetti SM.82 2474: 2468:Savoia-Marchetti SM.82 2459: 2444: 2427: 2421: 2413: 2410:Festa della Repubblica 2401: 2323: 2298: 2161:. The Order maintains 2130: 2103: 2090: 2074: 1981:(19 June 2023-present) 1804: 1635: 1536:Saint Peter's Basilica 1472: 1304: 1170: 933: 918: 694:Malteser International 688:people, refugees, and 639: 177:Hail, thou White Cross 165: 141: 84: 68: 8553:Religion and politics 8354:Bishopric of Courland 8349:Archbishopric of Riga 7990:Blessed sword and hat 7838:Order of Pope Pius IX 7693: 7576:Conventual Chaplains 7139:Court of Human Rights 6986:Raid on Żejtun (1614) 6492:Grand Master's Palace 6247:Flag and coat of arms 6068:, founded in 1099 in 5886:Sire, H.J.A. (2016). 5865:Sire, H.J.A. (1994). 5578:"Associate Countries" 5175:La Revue Diplomatique 4404:Sire, H.J.A. (2016). 3422:. OCLC 56419314.p. 78 3139:"A Snapshot of Malta" 3054:"Flags & Emblems" 2866:"Bilateral Relations" 2465: 2454: 2433: 2407: 2393: 2318: 2205:Palestinian Authority 2139:Further information: 2109: 2098: 2080: 2060: 2006:the Cardinal Patron. 1802: 1654:Most Eminent Highness 1626: 1542:Constitutional reform 1467: 1291: 1185:and his mother Queen 1164: 1057:from every corner of 1028:eastern Mediterranean 924: 909: 657:Our Lady of Philermos 594:, traditionally of a 528:13,191 members (2023) 255:41.88361°N 12.47750°E 221:41.90528°N 12.48056°E 8164:Kingdom of Jerusalem 8055:Pontifical academies 6996:Loss of Malta (1798) 6936:Siege of Acre (1291) 6604:Castille et Portugal 6599:Auvergne et Provence 6082:Kingdom of Jerusalem 5938:Catholic News Agency 5868:The Knights of Malta 5819:Colonna, Marcantonio 5757:McFarland Publishing 5459:. pp. 5393–5394 5080:. Orderofmalta.int. 5054:. Orderofmalta.int. 3551:The Associated Press 3410:Pocock, Tom (2005). 3391:The paper cited the 3113:"Names of the Order" 2288:By a decree of King 2269:Relations with Italy 2112:Saint Peter's Castle 2053:International status 2047:enclosed monasteries 2031:St John Eye Hospital 1979:Gianfranco Ghirlanda 1949:Paul-Pierre Philippe 1824:or Professed Knights 1613:Gianfranco Ghirlanda 1414:Giovanni y Centelles 1337:German mediatisation 1020:Foulques de Villaret 975:Kingdom of Jerusalem 867:improve this article 627:Kingdom of Jerusalem 8359:Bishopric of Dorpat 8290:Knights Hospitaller 8021:Papal Lateran Cross 7866:(with distinctions) 7040:World Heritage Site 7026:extraterritoriality 6799:Krak des Chevaliers 6540:Our Lady of Victory 6235:Society and culture 5517:on 19 November 2014 5488:on 19 November 2014 5366:Sainty, Guy Stair. 5212:. Berlin: Springer. 4302:"Grand Hospitaller" 3670:. 24 January 2017. 3522:. 9 February 2013. 3485:(1). Brill: 19–32. 3283:ChivalricOrders.org 3210:Cole, Juan (2007). 3185:Cole, Juan (2007). 3160:Cole, Juan (2007). 2692:Sack, John (1959). 2531:Knights Hospitaller 2163:diplomatic missions 1926:Cardinalis Patronus 1882:Magistral Chaplains 1587:full dress uniforms 1519:(1962–88) and Fra' 1431:(1802) obliged the 1387:Knights Hospitaller 1124:or Grand Priories, 986:Sermon on the Mount 938:Knights Hospitaller 839:Knights Hospitaller 774:Collar of the Order 615:Knights Hospitaller 592:lay religious order 398:Knights Hospitaller 251: / 217: / 33:Knights Hospitaller 8399:Crusading movement 8295:Hospitaller Rhodes 8257:Duchy of Neopatras 7917:Other distinctions 7695: 7541:Sovereign Military 7474:Russia (1996–2022) 6530:Our Lady of Liesse 5800:Cohen, R. (1920). 5006:on 11 October 2007 4771:on 25 October 2017 4748:. 6 February 2017. 4730:. 1 November 2020. 4704:on 29 January 2022 4658:. 4 February 2017. 4632:on 29 January 2022 4421:"Knights of Malta" 4276:"Grand Chancellor" 4115:. 3 September 2022 3143:The Armiger's News 3086:. Viking. p. 2949:. United Nations. 2896:"Magistral Palace" 2797:"Knights of Malta" 2475: 2460: 2414: 2402: 2324: 2131: 2104: 2091: 2075: 1915:Religious officers 1822:Knights of Justice 1805: 1731:Regional divisions 1722:Government Council 1636: 1477:Congress of Vienna 1473: 1389:from the country. 1305: 1229:Philip II of Spain 1171: 1100:and Ireland), and 934: 919: 757:The Order has two 667:Knights of Justice 575:), officially the 260:41.88361; 12.47750 226:41.90528; 12.48056 8414: 8413: 8381:Free City of Riga 8203:Kingdom of Cyprus 8193:County of Tripoli 8105: 8104: 7972:Order of the Moor 7954: 7934:Benemerenti medal 7879:Palm of Jerusalem 7867: 7776: 7775: 7685: 7684: 7567:Knight of Justice 7492: 7491: 7159:Venice Commission 7119:Secretary General 7105:Council of Europe 7071: 7070: 7008: 7007: 7004: 7003: 6945:Sieges of Rhodes 6743:Saint John d'Acre 6695: 6694: 6691: 6690: 6535:Our Lady of Pilar 6224:Ships of the line 6138:Foreign relations 6106:Sovereign Council 6066:international law 6062:sovereign subject 6058:order of chivalry 5792:978-88-222-6247-9 5755:. Jefferson, NC: 5714:Ordine di Malta. 4969:Nations, United. 4250:"Grand Commander" 4189:. 28 January 2023 3856:. 7 February 2017 3420:978-1-59114-681-0 3393:Synoptical Sketch 3374:Notes and Queries 2328:Republic of Malta 2260:On 24 June 1961, 2041:Nuns of the Order 1955:Sebastiano Baggio 1715:Board of Auditors 1683:Sovereign Council 1528:Pope Benedict XVI 1441:Order of St. John 1267:Saint Christopher 1252:Johanniter orders 1221:Battle of Lepanto 1187:Joanna of Castile 1167:Battle of Lepanto 936:The birth of the 899: 898: 891: 736:Name and insignia 709:its own passports 698:natural disasters 565: 564: 424:Papal recognition 385:international law 381:Sovereign subject 351:Grand Hospitaller 327:Emmanuel Rousseau 186: 37:Hospitaller Malta 16:(Redirected from 8560: 8548:Knights of Malta 8523:Overseas empires 8455: 8454: 8443: 8442: 8441: 8431: 8430: 8422: 8374:Order of Dobrzyń 8302:Genoese colonies 8215: 8181:County of Edessa 8132: 8125: 8118: 8109: 8108: 8095: 8094: 8083: 8082: 8081: 8016: 8013: 8002:Fidei et Virtuti 7952: 7865: 7860:under protection 7803: 7796: 7789: 7780: 7779: 7766: 7765: 7748: 7729: 7721: 7713: 7679: 7671: 7664: 7653: 7646: 7634: 7617: 7608: 7599: 7582: 7575: 7565: 7548: 7547: 7531: 7530: 7519: 7512: 7505: 7496: 7495: 7098: 7091: 7084: 7075: 7074: 7061: 7060: 7051: 7038: 7037: 7022: 7021: 6856: 6855: 6814: 6797: 6796: 6783: 6758:Belvoir Fortress 6674: 6655: 6641: 6619: 6585: 6568: 6567: 6507:San Anton Palace 6420: 6419: 6406: 6388: 6387: 6367: 6366: 6348: 6347: 6329: 6328: 6312: 6311: 6215: 6205: 6196: 6181: 6080: 6078: 6077: 6047: 6038: 6036: 6035: 6025: 6018: 6011: 6002: 6001: 5972: 5969: 5964: 5963: 5961:Official website 5948: 5946: 5944: 5901: 5882: 5861: 5844: 5842: 5840: 5815: 5813: 5811: 5796: 5770: 5736: 5735: 5733: 5731: 5722:. Archived from 5720:Orderofmalta.int 5711: 5705: 5704: 5702: 5700: 5689:"Hospital train" 5685: 5679: 5666: 5660: 5659: 5657: 5655: 5644:Orderofmalta.int 5636: 5630: 5629: 5627: 5625: 5619: 5612: 5603: 5594: 5593: 5591: 5589: 5574: 5568: 5567: 5565: 5563: 5552:orderofmalta.int 5543: 5537: 5533: 5527: 5526: 5524: 5522: 5513:. Archived from 5507: 5498: 5497: 5495: 5493: 5484:. Archived from 5478: 5469: 5468: 5466: 5464: 5448: 5442: 5441: 5436: 5434: 5425:. Archived from 5418: 5412: 5411: 5409: 5407: 5396:Il Foro Italiano 5393: 5385: 5379: 5378: 5376: 5374: 5363: 5354: 5353: 5351: 5349: 5343: 5328: 5320: 5314: 5313: 5295: 5289: 5288: 5280: 5274: 5273: 5265: 5259: 5258: 5250: 5244: 5243: 5235: 5229: 5228: 5220: 5214: 5213: 5205: 5199: 5189: 5183: 5182: 5170: 5164: 5163: 5155: 5149: 5148: 5127: 5121: 5100: 5094: 5093: 5091: 5089: 5074: 5068: 5067: 5065: 5063: 5048: 5042: 5041: 5039: 5037: 5022: 5016: 5015: 5013: 5011: 4992: 4986: 4985: 4983: 4981: 4966: 4960: 4959: 4957: 4955: 4934: 4928: 4927: 4925: 4923: 4912:Orderofmalta.int 4903: 4897: 4896: 4894: 4892: 4875: 4869: 4866: 4860: 4857: 4851: 4850: 4848: 4846: 4830: 4824: 4823: 4821: 4819: 4813: 4806: 4798: 4792: 4787: 4781: 4780: 4778: 4776: 4767:. Archived from 4765:Orderofmalta.int 4756: 4750: 4749: 4746:Orderofmalta.int 4738: 4732: 4731: 4720: 4714: 4713: 4711: 4709: 4700:. Archived from 4698:Orderofmalta.int 4689: 4683: 4682: 4680: 4678: 4666: 4660: 4659: 4648: 4642: 4641: 4639: 4637: 4628:. Archived from 4626:Orderofmalta.int 4617: 4611: 4606: 4600: 4599: 4591: 4585: 4584: 4582: 4580: 4563: 4557: 4551: 4545: 4539: 4533: 4527: 4521: 4515: 4509: 4503: 4497: 4496: 4494: 4492: 4481:orderofmalta.int 4472: 4466: 4465: 4443: 4437: 4436: 4434: 4432: 4416: 4410: 4409: 4401: 4384: 4383: 4381: 4379: 4368:orderofmalta.int 4359: 4353: 4352: 4350: 4348: 4337:Orderofmalta.int 4328: 4322: 4321: 4319: 4317: 4306:Orderofmalta.int 4297: 4291: 4290: 4288: 4286: 4280:Orderofmalta.int 4271: 4265: 4264: 4262: 4260: 4254:Orderofmalta.int 4245: 4239: 4238: 4227: 4221: 4220: 4218: 4216: 4205: 4199: 4198: 4196: 4194: 4179: 4173: 4172: 4170: 4168: 4161:Il Metropolitano 4153: 4147: 4146: 4144: 4142: 4131: 4125: 4124: 4122: 4120: 4105: 4099: 4098: 4096: 4094: 4083: 4077: 4076: 4074: 4072: 4063:. Archived from 4061:orderofmalta.int 4052: 4046: 4045: 4043: 4041: 4025: 4019: 4018: 4013: 4011: 3996: 3990: 3989: 3987: 3985: 3965: 3959: 3958: 3956: 3954: 3943:orderofmalta.int 3934: 3928: 3927: 3925: 3923: 3912:orderofmalta.int 3903: 3897: 3896: 3894: 3892: 3872: 3866: 3865: 3863: 3861: 3846: 3840: 3839: 3834: 3832: 3820:America Magazine 3810: 3804: 3803: 3801: 3799: 3779: 3773: 3772: 3770: 3768: 3753: 3747: 3745: 3743: 3741: 3721: 3715: 3714: 3712: 3710: 3690: 3684: 3683: 3681: 3679: 3660: 3654: 3653: 3651: 3649: 3629: 3623: 3622: 3620: 3618: 3599: 3593: 3592: 3590: 3588: 3568: 3562: 3561: 3559: 3557: 3542: 3536: 3535: 3533: 3531: 3512: 3506: 3505: 3470: 3464: 3463: 3461: 3459: 3443: 3432: 3429: 3423: 3408: 3402: 3390: 3365: 3354: 3353: 3347: 3339: 3325: 3319: 3318: 3316: 3314: 3297: 3291: 3290: 3289:on 6 March 2012. 3285:. Archived from 3274: 3268: 3267: 3265: 3263: 3248: 3242: 3235:Whitworth Porter 3232: 3226: 3225: 3207: 3201: 3200: 3182: 3176: 3175: 3157: 3151: 3150: 3134: 3128: 3127: 3125: 3123: 3117:orderofmalta.int 3108: 3102: 3101: 3085: 3075: 3069: 3068: 3066: 3064: 3058:orderofmalta.int 3049: 3038: 3037: 3035: 3033: 3028:on 14 March 2013 3024:. Archived from 3022:Malteserorden.at 3014: 3008: 3007: 3005: 3003: 2997:orderofmalta.int 2988: 2982: 2981: 2980:on 30 July 2021. 2969: 2963: 2962: 2960: 2958: 2943: 2937: 2936: 2934: 2932: 2917: 2911: 2910: 2908: 2906: 2892: 2886: 2885: 2883: 2881: 2870:Orderofmalta.int 2861: 2850: 2849: 2847: 2845: 2831: 2825: 2809: 2800: 2793: 2787: 2786: 2784: 2782: 2760: 2754: 2743: 2737: 2736: 2734: 2732: 2723:. Archived from 2721:Orderofmalta.int 2712: 2706: 2705: 2699: 2689: 2680: 2671: 2654: 2648: 2646: 2644: 2638: 2628: 2590: 2586: 2580: 2563: 2442: 2430: 2424: 2231:Scholarly debate 2213:top-level domain 2180:and some of the 2129: 2071: 2065: 2045:There are three 1986:Special delegate 1943:Giacomo Violardo 1532:Tarcisio Bertone 1497:extraterritorial 1485:Magistral Palace 1429:Treaty of Amiens 1406:Giovanni Tommasi 1345:Saint Petersburg 1263:Saint Barthélemy 1223:in 1571, led by 1191:Pope Clement VII 1116:of Aragon. Each 894: 887: 883: 880: 874: 851: 843: 718: 717: 642: 585:Knights of Malta 560: 557: 555: 416: 414: 409: 405: 371:Fabrizio Colonna 336:Grand Chancellor 322: 266: 265: 263: 262: 261: 256: 252: 249: 248: 247: 244: 232: 231: 229: 228: 227: 222: 218: 215: 214: 213: 210: 188: 187: 174: 170: 153: 152: 144: 123: 109: 96: 95: 87: 80: 79: 71: 59: 58: 54: 47: 40: 21: 18:Knights of Malta 8568: 8567: 8563: 8562: 8561: 8559: 8558: 8557: 8463: 8462: 8461: 8449: 8439: 8437: 8425: 8417: 8415: 8410: 8394:Military orders 8385: 8314: 8306: 8252:Duchy of Athens 8216: 8207: 8150: 8141: 8139:Crusader states 8136: 8106: 8101: 8089: 8079: 8077: 8069: 8038:Papal household 8026: 8014: 7951: 7949: 7948:Defunct/dormant 7943: 7912: 7864: 7862:of the Holy See 7861: 7859: 7852: 7820:of the Holy See 7819: 7812: 7807: 7777: 7772: 7760: 7752: 7733: 7696: 7681: 7673: 7666: 7659: 7658:proof required) 7648: 7640: 7639:proof required) 7621: 7590: 7584: 7569: 7552: 7542: 7535: 7525: 7523: 7493: 7488: 7457: 7411: 7337:North Macedonia 7168: 7107: 7102: 7072: 7067: 7055: 7032: 7016: 7000: 6912: 6850: 6843: 6817: 6791: 6729: 6687: 6622: 6559: 6511: 6478: 6447:Cottonera Lines 6414: 6400:Fort St Michael 6382: 6363: 6355: 6342: 6323: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6287: 6285: 6276: 6230: 6210:(Historically: 6164: 6111:Chapter General 6084: 6075: 6073: 6048: 6033: 6031: 6029: 5970: 5959: 5958: 5955: 5942: 5940: 5898: 5879: 5838: 5836: 5809: 5807: 5793: 5777: 5775:Further reading 5767: 5745: 5740: 5739: 5729: 5727: 5712: 5708: 5698: 5696: 5687: 5686: 5682: 5667: 5663: 5653: 5651: 5638: 5637: 5633: 5623: 5621: 5620:on 27 June 2008 5617: 5610: 5604: 5597: 5587: 5585: 5576: 5575: 5571: 5561: 5559: 5544: 5540: 5534: 5530: 5520: 5518: 5509: 5508: 5501: 5491: 5489: 5480: 5479: 5472: 5462: 5460: 5449: 5445: 5432: 5430: 5419: 5415: 5405: 5403: 5391: 5387: 5386: 5382: 5372: 5370: 5364: 5357: 5347: 5345: 5341: 5326: 5322: 5321: 5317: 5310: 5296: 5292: 5281: 5277: 5266: 5262: 5251: 5247: 5236: 5232: 5221: 5217: 5206: 5202: 5190: 5186: 5171: 5167: 5156: 5152: 5143:on 4 May 2006. 5129: 5128: 5124: 5111:Wayback Machine 5101: 5097: 5087: 5085: 5076: 5075: 5071: 5061: 5059: 5050: 5049: 5045: 5035: 5033: 5024: 5023: 5019: 5009: 5007: 4994: 4993: 4989: 4979: 4977: 4967: 4963: 4953: 4951: 4936: 4935: 4931: 4921: 4919: 4904: 4900: 4890: 4888: 4877: 4876: 4872: 4867: 4863: 4858: 4854: 4844: 4842: 4831: 4827: 4817: 4815: 4811: 4804: 4800: 4799: 4795: 4788: 4784: 4774: 4772: 4757: 4753: 4740: 4739: 4735: 4722: 4721: 4717: 4707: 4705: 4690: 4686: 4676: 4674: 4667: 4663: 4650: 4649: 4645: 4635: 4633: 4618: 4614: 4607: 4603: 4592: 4588: 4578: 4576: 4565: 4564: 4560: 4552: 4548: 4540: 4536: 4528: 4524: 4516: 4512: 4504: 4500: 4490: 4488: 4473: 4469: 4462: 4444: 4440: 4430: 4428: 4417: 4413: 4402: 4387: 4377: 4375: 4360: 4356: 4346: 4344: 4329: 4325: 4315: 4313: 4298: 4294: 4284: 4282: 4272: 4268: 4258: 4256: 4246: 4242: 4229: 4228: 4224: 4214: 4212: 4207: 4206: 4202: 4192: 4190: 4181: 4180: 4176: 4166: 4164: 4155: 4154: 4150: 4140: 4138: 4133: 4132: 4128: 4118: 4116: 4107: 4106: 4102: 4092: 4090: 4085: 4084: 4080: 4070: 4068: 4053: 4049: 4039: 4037: 4026: 4022: 4009: 4007: 3998: 3997: 3993: 3983: 3981: 3966: 3962: 3952: 3950: 3935: 3931: 3921: 3919: 3904: 3900: 3890: 3888: 3873: 3869: 3859: 3857: 3848: 3847: 3843: 3830: 3828: 3811: 3807: 3797: 3795: 3780: 3776: 3766: 3764: 3755: 3754: 3750: 3739: 3737: 3722: 3718: 3708: 3706: 3691: 3687: 3677: 3675: 3662: 3661: 3657: 3647: 3645: 3630: 3626: 3616: 3614: 3601: 3600: 3596: 3586: 3584: 3569: 3565: 3555: 3553: 3543: 3539: 3529: 3527: 3514: 3513: 3509: 3471: 3467: 3457: 3455: 3444: 3435: 3430: 3426: 3409: 3405: 3367: 3366: 3357: 3341: 3340: 3326: 3322: 3312: 3310: 3299: 3298: 3294: 3275: 3271: 3261: 3259: 3254:. Focusmm.com. 3250: 3249: 3245: 3233: 3229: 3222: 3208: 3204: 3197: 3183: 3179: 3172: 3158: 3154: 3135: 3131: 3121: 3119: 3109: 3105: 3098: 3076: 3072: 3062: 3060: 3050: 3041: 3031: 3029: 3016: 3015: 3011: 3001: 2999: 2989: 2985: 2970: 2966: 2956: 2954: 2945: 2944: 2940: 2930: 2928: 2919: 2918: 2914: 2904: 2902: 2894: 2893: 2889: 2879: 2877: 2862: 2853: 2843: 2841: 2833: 2832: 2828: 2822:Wayback Machine 2810: 2803: 2794: 2790: 2780: 2778: 2761: 2757: 2744: 2740: 2730: 2728: 2727:on 20 July 2008 2713: 2709: 2690: 2683: 2672: 2657: 2642: 2640: 2636: 2630: 2629: 2604: 2599: 2594: 2593: 2587: 2583: 2564: 2560: 2555: 2527: 2515: 2509: 2497:hospital trains 2493: 2449: 2443: 2440: 2388: 2357: 2351: 2337:in the city of 2335:Fort St. Angelo 2321:Fort St. Angelo 2313: 2271: 2262:Pope John XXIII 2250: 2233: 2174:observer status 2147: 2137: 2127: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2120:Left to right: 2119: 2073: 2069: 2067: 2063: 2055: 2043: 2023: 2003: 1988: 1922: 1920:Cardinal Patron 1917: 1797: 1733: 1700:Chapter General 1641: 1621: 1591:Chapter General 1580:informal attire 1568:Giovanni Becciu 1552:Matthew Festing 1544: 1489:Magistral Villa 1462: 1422:Count Colloredo 1383: 1225:John of Austria 1202:Jean de Valette 1159: 1153: 1016: 1010: 994: 963:Pope Paschal II 904: 895: 884: 878: 875: 864: 852: 841: 835: 822:instead of the 796:Catholic Church 744: 738: 619:chivalric order 561: 552: 551: 531: 529: 525: 524:• Estimate 510: 491: 478: 465: 452: 439: 426: 412: 410: 407: 400: 368: 353: 338: 323: 320:Grand Commander 318: 306: 259: 257: 253: 250: 245: 242: 240: 238: 237: 225: 223: 219: 216: 211: 208: 206: 204: 203: 181: 179: 175: 172: 154: 146: 139: 131: 130: 129: 124: 116: 115: 110: 97: 89: 82: 81: 73: 66: 64: 55: 48: 41: 30: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8566: 8556: 8555: 8550: 8545: 8540: 8535: 8530: 8525: 8520: 8515: 8510: 8505: 8500: 8495: 8490: 8485: 8480: 8475: 8460: 8459: 8447: 8435: 8412: 8411: 8409: 8408: 8407: 8406: 8396: 8390: 8387: 8386: 8384: 8383: 8378: 8377: 8376: 8366: 8361: 8356: 8351: 8346: 8340: 8339: 8338: 8336:Livonian Order 8333: 8331:Teutonic Order 8321: 8319: 8308: 8307: 8305: 8304: 8299: 8298: 8297: 8287: 8279: 8274: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8239: 8238: 8237: 8226: 8224: 8218: 8217: 8210: 8208: 8206: 8205: 8200: 8195: 8190: 8189: 8188: 8178: 8173: 8172: 8171: 8160: 8158: 8152: 8151: 8146: 8143: 8142: 8135: 8134: 8127: 8120: 8112: 8103: 8102: 8100: 8099: 8087: 8074: 8071: 8070: 8068: 8067: 8062: 8057: 8052: 8051: 8050: 8048:Black nobility 8043:Papal nobility 8040: 8034: 8032: 8028: 8027: 8025: 8024: 8018: 8008:Lauretan Cross 8005: 7999: 7996:Pro Petri Sede 7993: 7987: 7981: 7975: 7969: 7963: 7957: 7955: 7945: 7944: 7942: 7941: 7936: 7931: 7926: 7920: 7918: 7914: 7913: 7911: 7910: 7909: 7908: 7903: 7893: 7892: 7891: 7889:Cross of Merit 7886: 7881: 7870: 7868: 7854: 7853: 7851: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7824: 7822: 7814: 7813: 7806: 7805: 7798: 7791: 7783: 7774: 7773: 7771: 7770: 7757: 7754: 7753: 7743: 7741: 7735: 7734: 7732: 7731: 7723: 7715: 7706: 7704: 7698: 7697: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7682: 7629: 7627: 7623: 7622: 7594: 7592: 7586: 7585: 7560: 7558: 7545: 7543:Order of Malta 7537: 7536: 7522: 7521: 7514: 7507: 7499: 7490: 7489: 7487: 7486: 7481: 7476: 7471: 7465: 7463: 7462:Former members 7459: 7458: 7456: 7455: 7450: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7419: 7417: 7413: 7412: 7410: 7409: 7407:United Kingdom 7404: 7399: 7394: 7389: 7384: 7379: 7374: 7369: 7364: 7359: 7354: 7349: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7329: 7324: 7319: 7314: 7309: 7304: 7299: 7294: 7289: 7284: 7279: 7274: 7269: 7264: 7259: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7232:Czech Republic 7229: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7184: 7178: 7176: 7170: 7169: 7167: 7166: 7164:Pompidou Group 7161: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7141: 7136: 7131: 7126: 7121: 7115: 7113: 7109: 7108: 7101: 7100: 7093: 7086: 7078: 7069: 7068: 7066: 7065: 7053: 7046: 7030: 7013: 7010: 7009: 7006: 7005: 7002: 7001: 6999: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6963: 6962: 6961: 6956: 6951: 6943: 6938: 6933: 6928: 6922: 6920: 6914: 6913: 6911: 6910: 6905: 6900: 6895: 6890: 6885: 6880: 6875: 6870: 6864: 6862: 6853: 6845: 6844: 6842: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6825: 6823: 6819: 6818: 6816: 6815: 6806: 6801: 6789: 6784: 6775: 6770: 6765: 6760: 6755: 6750: 6745: 6739: 6737: 6731: 6730: 6728: 6727: 6716: 6711: 6709:Fortifications 6705: 6703: 6697: 6696: 6693: 6692: 6689: 6688: 6686: 6685: 6680: 6675: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6647: 6642: 6632: 6630: 6624: 6623: 6621: 6620: 6611: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6591: 6586: 6576: 6574: 6565: 6561: 6560: 6558: 6557: 6552: 6547: 6542: 6537: 6532: 6527: 6521: 6519: 6513: 6512: 6510: 6509: 6504: 6502:Verdala Palace 6499: 6497:Vilhena Palace 6494: 6488: 6486: 6480: 6479: 6477: 6476: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6437:Floriana Lines 6434: 6429: 6412: 6407: 6393: 6390:Fort St Angelo 6375: 6373: 6371:Fortifications 6364: 6357: 6356: 6354: 6353: 6340: 6320: 6318: 6309: 6278: 6277: 6275: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6238: 6236: 6232: 6231: 6229: 6228: 6227: 6226: 6198:Military Corps 6190: 6185: 6174: 6172: 6166: 6165: 6163: 6162: 6161: 6160: 6158:United Nations 6155: 6153:European Union 6150: 6145: 6135: 6130: 6116:Grand Priories 6113: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6092: 6090: 6086: 6085: 6053: 6050: 6049: 6028: 6027: 6020: 6013: 6005: 5999: 5998: 5993: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5973: 5954: 5953:External links 5951: 5950: 5949: 5929: 5920: 5911: 5902: 5896: 5883: 5877: 5862: 5846: 5845: 5826: 5816: 5797: 5791: 5776: 5773: 5772: 5771: 5765: 5744: 5741: 5738: 5737: 5706: 5680: 5661: 5631: 5595: 5569: 5538: 5528: 5499: 5470: 5443: 5429:on 2 July 2003 5413: 5380: 5355: 5333:(in Italian). 5315: 5308: 5290: 5275: 5260: 5245: 5230: 5215: 5200: 5184: 5165: 5150: 5122: 5095: 5069: 5043: 5017: 4987: 4975:United Nations 4961: 4929: 4898: 4887:. 8 March 2008 4870: 4861: 4852: 4825: 4793: 4782: 4751: 4733: 4715: 4684: 4661: 4643: 4612: 4601: 4586: 4575:. 15 July 2019 4558: 4556:, p. 102. 4554:Lentz III 2015 4546: 4542:Lentz III 2015 4534: 4532:, p. 143. 4530:Lentz III 2015 4522: 4520:, p. 198. 4518:Lentz III 2015 4510: 4506:Lentz III 2015 4498: 4467: 4460: 4438: 4411: 4385: 4354: 4323: 4292: 4266: 4240: 4222: 4200: 4174: 4148: 4126: 4100: 4078: 4047: 4020: 3991: 3960: 3929: 3898: 3867: 3841: 3805: 3774: 3748: 3716: 3685: 3655: 3624: 3594: 3563: 3537: 3507: 3465: 3433: 3424: 3403: 3355: 3320: 3292: 3269: 3243: 3227: 3221:978-1403964311 3220: 3202: 3196:978-1403964311 3195: 3177: 3171:978-1403964311 3170: 3152: 3129: 3103: 3096: 3070: 3039: 3009: 2993:"Mimic orders" 2983: 2964: 2938: 2927:. 21 June 2016 2912: 2887: 2851: 2826: 2801: 2788: 2770:Foreign Policy 2755: 2753:, August 2006. 2738: 2707: 2681: 2655: 2601: 2600: 2598: 2595: 2592: 2591: 2581: 2557: 2556: 2554: 2551: 2550: 2549: 2544: 2538: 2533: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2521: 2511:Main article: 2508: 2505: 2492: 2489: 2448: 2445: 2438: 2412:in Rome (2007) 2387: 2386:Military Corps 2384: 2372:Poste italiane 2350: 2347: 2312: 2309: 2270: 2267: 2249: 2246: 2232: 2229: 2172:The Order has 2133:Main article: 2068: 2062: 2054: 2051: 2042: 2039: 2022: 2019: 2002: 1999: 1987: 1984: 1983: 1982: 1976: 1970: 1964: 1958: 1952: 1946: 1940: 1921: 1918: 1916: 1913: 1897: 1896: 1892: 1891: 1890: 1889: 1886: 1883: 1880: 1877: 1874: 1864: 1863: 1859: 1858: 1857: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1836: 1835: 1831: 1830: 1829: 1828: 1825: 1816:religious vows 1796: 1793: 1782: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1766: 1759: 1758: 1755: 1752: 1749: 1746: 1743: 1732: 1729: 1658:John T. Dunlap 1640: 1637: 1629:John T. Dunlap 1620: 1617: 1598:Silvano Tomasi 1543: 1540: 1461: 1458: 1433:United Kingdom 1382: 1379: 1325:Horatio Nelson 1301:Order of Malta 1155:Main article: 1152: 1149: 1012:Main article: 1009: 1006: 993: 990: 911:Blessed Gerard 903: 900: 897: 896: 855: 853: 846: 837:Main article: 834: 831: 740:Main article: 737: 734: 686:terminally ill 623:Blessed Gerard 581:Order of Malta 563: 562: 547: 544: 543: 538: 534: 533: 526: 523: 520: 519: 515: 514: 511: 508: 505: 504: 500: 499: 496: 495: 492: 486: 483: 482: 479: 473: 470: 469: 466: 460: 457: 456: 453: 447: 444: 443: 440: 434: 431: 430: 427: 421: 418: 417: 401: 395: 392: 391: 388: 387: 377: 376: 373: 372: 369: 363: 360: 359: 354: 348: 345: 344: 339: 333: 330: 329: 324: 316: 313: 312: 310:John T. Dunlap 307: 301: 298: 297: 294: 293: 289: 288: 283: 279: 278: 273: 269: 268: 194: 190: 189: 157: 156: 133: 132: 125: 118: 117: 111: 104: 103: 102: 99: 98: 65: 62: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8565: 8554: 8551: 8549: 8546: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8524: 8521: 8519: 8516: 8514: 8511: 8509: 8506: 8504: 8501: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8470: 8468: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8446: 8436: 8434: 8429: 8424: 8423: 8420: 8405: 8402: 8401: 8400: 8397: 8395: 8392: 8391: 8388: 8382: 8379: 8375: 8372: 8371: 8370: 8367: 8365: 8362: 8360: 8357: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8344: 8341: 8337: 8334: 8332: 8329: 8328: 8326: 8323: 8322: 8320: 8318: 8313: 8309: 8303: 8300: 8296: 8293: 8292: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8236: 8233: 8232: 8231: 8228: 8227: 8225: 8223: 8219: 8214: 8204: 8201: 8199: 8196: 8194: 8191: 8187: 8184: 8183: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8170: 8167: 8166: 8165: 8162: 8161: 8159: 8157: 8153: 8149: 8144: 8140: 8133: 8128: 8126: 8121: 8119: 8114: 8113: 8110: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8086: 8076: 8075: 8072: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8056: 8053: 8049: 8046: 8045: 8044: 8041: 8039: 8036: 8035: 8033: 8029: 8022: 8019: 8009: 8006: 8003: 8000: 7997: 7994: 7991: 7988: 7985: 7982: 7979: 7976: 7973: 7970: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7958: 7956: 7946: 7940: 7937: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7921: 7919: 7915: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7898: 7897: 7894: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7884:Pilgrim Shell 7882: 7880: 7877: 7876: 7875: 7872: 7871: 7869: 7863: 7855: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7825: 7823: 7821: 7815: 7811: 7804: 7799: 7797: 7792: 7790: 7785: 7784: 7781: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7758: 7755: 7751: 7747: 7742: 7740: 7736: 7728: 7724: 7720: 7716: 7712: 7708: 7707: 7705: 7703: 7699: 7692: 7678: 7674: 7670: 7663: 7657: 7652: 7645: 7638: 7633: 7628: 7624: 7620: 7616: 7612: 7611: 7607: 7602: 7598: 7593: 7587: 7581: 7577: 7574: 7568: 7564: 7559: 7556: 7555:religious vow 7549: 7546: 7544: 7538: 7534: 7529: 7520: 7515: 7513: 7508: 7506: 7501: 7500: 7497: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7466: 7464: 7460: 7454: 7451: 7449: 7448:United States 7446: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7420: 7418: 7414: 7408: 7405: 7403: 7400: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7390: 7388: 7385: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7370: 7368: 7365: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7340: 7338: 7335: 7333: 7330: 7328: 7325: 7323: 7320: 7318: 7315: 7313: 7310: 7308: 7305: 7303: 7300: 7298: 7297:Liechtenstein 7295: 7293: 7290: 7288: 7285: 7283: 7280: 7278: 7275: 7273: 7270: 7268: 7265: 7263: 7260: 7258: 7255: 7253: 7250: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7179: 7177: 7175: 7171: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7132: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7122: 7120: 7117: 7116: 7114: 7110: 7106: 7099: 7094: 7092: 7087: 7085: 7080: 7079: 7076: 7064: 7059: 7054: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7028: 7027: 7020: 7015: 7014: 7011: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6946: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6924: 6923: 6921: 6919: 6915: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6865: 6863: 6861: 6857: 6854: 6852: 6846: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6826: 6824: 6822:Other regions 6820: 6813: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6795: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6782: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6763:Chastel Rouge 6761: 6759: 6756: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6744: 6741: 6740: 6738: 6736: 6732: 6726: 6725:Bodrum Castle 6722: 6721: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6706: 6704: 6702: 6698: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6673: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6654: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6640: 6637: 6634: 6633: 6631: 6629: 6625: 6618: 6615: 6612: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6584: 6581: 6578: 6577: 6575: 6573: 6569: 6566: 6562: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6543: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6522: 6520: 6518: 6514: 6508: 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6489: 6487: 6485: 6481: 6475: 6474: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6462:Fort Chambray 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6452:Fort Ricasoli 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6427: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6405: 6401: 6397: 6394: 6391: 6386: 6380: 6377: 6376: 6374: 6372: 6368: 6365: 6362: 6358: 6351: 6346: 6341: 6338: 6337: 6332: 6331:Palazzo Malta 6327: 6322: 6321: 6319: 6317: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6283: 6279: 6273: 6272:Postal system 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6242:Maltese cross 6240: 6239: 6237: 6233: 6225: 6222: 6221: 6220: 6218: 6214: 6208: 6204: 6199: 6195: 6191: 6189: 6186: 6184: 6180: 6176: 6175: 6173: 6171: 6167: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6140: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6125: 6121: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6093: 6091: 6087: 6083: 6071: 6067: 6063: 6059: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6026: 6021: 6019: 6014: 6012: 6007: 6006: 6003: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5968: 5962: 5957: 5956: 5939: 5935: 5930: 5927: 5926: 5921: 5918: 5917: 5912: 5909: 5908: 5903: 5899: 5897:9781908990679 5893: 5889: 5884: 5880: 5874: 5870: 5869: 5863: 5859: 5855: 5854: 5848: 5847: 5834: 5833: 5827: 5824: 5820: 5817: 5805: 5804: 5798: 5794: 5788: 5784: 5779: 5778: 5768: 5766:9781476621555 5762: 5758: 5754: 5753: 5747: 5746: 5726:on 6 May 2012 5725: 5721: 5717: 5710: 5694: 5690: 5684: 5678: 5677:1-85310-873-1 5674: 5670: 5665: 5649: 5645: 5641: 5635: 5616: 5609: 5602: 5600: 5583: 5579: 5573: 5557: 5553: 5549: 5542: 5532: 5516: 5512: 5506: 5504: 5487: 5483: 5477: 5475: 5458: 5454: 5447: 5440: 5428: 5424: 5417: 5401: 5397: 5390: 5384: 5369: 5362: 5360: 5340: 5336: 5332: 5325: 5319: 5311: 5305: 5301: 5294: 5286: 5279: 5271: 5264: 5256: 5249: 5241: 5234: 5226: 5219: 5211: 5204: 5198: 5194: 5188: 5180: 5176: 5169: 5162:. p. 65. 5161: 5154: 5146: 5142: 5138: 5137: 5132: 5126: 5120: 5119:91-974235-6-4 5116: 5112: 5108: 5105: 5099: 5083: 5079: 5073: 5057: 5053: 5047: 5031: 5027: 5026:"SMOM Plates" 5021: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4991: 4976: 4972: 4965: 4949: 4945: 4944: 4939: 4933: 4917: 4913: 4909: 4902: 4886: 4885: 4880: 4874: 4865: 4856: 4840: 4836: 4829: 4810: 4803: 4797: 4791: 4786: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4755: 4747: 4743: 4737: 4729: 4725: 4719: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4688: 4672: 4665: 4657: 4653: 4647: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4616: 4610: 4605: 4597: 4590: 4574: 4573: 4568: 4562: 4555: 4550: 4544:, p. 17. 4543: 4538: 4531: 4526: 4519: 4514: 4508:, p. 80. 4507: 4502: 4486: 4482: 4478: 4471: 4463: 4461:9782912025142 4457: 4453: 4449: 4442: 4426: 4422: 4415: 4407: 4400: 4398: 4396: 4394: 4392: 4390: 4373: 4369: 4365: 4358: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4327: 4311: 4307: 4303: 4296: 4281: 4277: 4270: 4255: 4251: 4244: 4236: 4232: 4226: 4210: 4204: 4188: 4184: 4178: 4162: 4158: 4152: 4136: 4130: 4114: 4110: 4104: 4088: 4082: 4067:on 4 May 2019 4066: 4062: 4058: 4051: 4035: 4031: 4024: 4017: 4005: 4001: 3995: 3979: 3975: 3971: 3964: 3948: 3944: 3940: 3933: 3917: 3913: 3909: 3902: 3886: 3882: 3878: 3871: 3855: 3854:The Economist 3851: 3845: 3838: 3826: 3822: 3821: 3816: 3809: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3778: 3762: 3758: 3752: 3735: 3731: 3727: 3720: 3704: 3700: 3696: 3689: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3659: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3628: 3612: 3608: 3604: 3598: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3567: 3552: 3548: 3541: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3511: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3469: 3453: 3449: 3442: 3440: 3438: 3428: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3407: 3400: 3399: 3394: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3375: 3370: 3364: 3362: 3360: 3351: 3345: 3337: 3333: 3332: 3324: 3308: 3304: 3303: 3296: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3273: 3257: 3253: 3247: 3240: 3236: 3231: 3223: 3217: 3213: 3206: 3198: 3192: 3188: 3181: 3173: 3167: 3163: 3156: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3133: 3118: 3114: 3107: 3099: 3097:0-670-86745-4 3093: 3089: 3084: 3083: 3074: 3059: 3055: 3048: 3046: 3044: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3013: 2998: 2994: 2987: 2979: 2975: 2968: 2952: 2948: 2942: 2926: 2922: 2916: 2901: 2897: 2891: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2860: 2858: 2856: 2840: 2836: 2830: 2823: 2819: 2816: 2815: 2808: 2806: 2798: 2792: 2776: 2772: 2771: 2766: 2759: 2752: 2748: 2742: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2711: 2704: 2698: 2697: 2688: 2686: 2678: 2677: 2670: 2668: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2660: 2652: 2635: 2634: 2627: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2619: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2611: 2609: 2607: 2602: 2585: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2562: 2558: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2539: 2537: 2534: 2532: 2529: 2528: 2520: 2517: 2516: 2514: 2504: 2502: 2498: 2488: 2486: 2481: 2473: 2469: 2464: 2457: 2453: 2437: 2432: 2429: 2423: 2417: 2411: 2406: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2383: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2360: 2356: 2346: 2342: 2340: 2336: 2331: 2329: 2322: 2317: 2308: 2305: 2302: 2300: 2296: 2291: 2286: 2282: 2279: 2274: 2266: 2263: 2258: 2255: 2254:Pope Pius XII 2245: 2241: 2237: 2228: 2226: 2220: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2193: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2170: 2168: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2142: 2136: 2117: 2113: 2108: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2088: 2084: 2079: 2059: 2050: 2048: 2038: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2018: 2016: 2015:Angelo Acerbi 2012: 2011:Jean Laffitte 2007: 1998: 1994: 1991: 1980: 1977: 1974: 1973:Raymond Burke 1971: 1968: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1941: 1938: 1935: 1934: 1933: 1931: 1927: 1912: 1910: 1904: 1900: 1894: 1893: 1887: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1871: 1869: 1866: 1865: 1861: 1860: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1847: 1845: 1841: 1838: 1837: 1833: 1832: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1819: 1817: 1813: 1810: 1809: 1808: 1801: 1792: 1790: 1785: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1763: 1762: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1747: 1744: 1741: 1740: 1739: 1736: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1718: 1716: 1711: 1709: 1704: 1702: 1701: 1695: 1693: 1688: 1685: 1684: 1678: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1650: 1644: 1634: 1630: 1625: 1616: 1614: 1609: 1606: 1601: 1599: 1594: 1592: 1588: 1585: 1581: 1575: 1573: 1572:Raymond Burke 1569: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1539: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1524: 1522: 1521:Andrew Bertie 1518: 1514: 1508: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1493:Aventine Hill 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1471:, Rome, Italy 1470: 1469:Palazzo Malta 1466: 1457: 1455: 1450: 1448: 1444: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1425: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1390: 1388: 1378: 1376: 1371: 1369: 1368:Pope Leo XIII 1363: 1361: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1332: 1328: 1326: 1321: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1255: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1232: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1217: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1198: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1168: 1163: 1158: 1148: 1146: 1141: 1139: 1133: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1065: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1047: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1015: 1005: 1003: 999: 998:Siege of Acre 989: 987: 982: 980: 976: 971: 969: 964: 960: 959: 955: 950: 948: 943: 939: 932: 928: 923: 917:, about 1725. 916: 912: 908: 893: 890: 882: 872: 868: 862: 861: 856:This section 854: 850: 845: 844: 840: 830: 827: 825: 821: 818:behind their 817: 816:Maltese cross 813: 809: 805: 801: 797: 793: 788: 786: 782: 777: 775: 770: 768: 767:Maltese cross 764: 760: 755: 753: 749: 743: 733: 731: 727: 722: 716: 710: 705: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 670: 668: 665: 660: 658: 654: 650: 646: 641: 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 616: 611: 609: 605: 601: 597: 593: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 559: 556:.orderofmalta 550: 545: 542: 541:Maltese scudo 539: 535: 527: 521: 516: 512: 506: 501: 497: 493: 490: 484: 480: 477: 471: 467: 464: 458: 454: 451: 445: 441: 438: 432: 428: 425: 419: 402: 399: 393: 389: 386: 382: 378: 374: 370: 367: 361: 358: 355: 352: 346: 343: 340: 337: 331: 328: 325: 321: 314: 311: 308: 305: 299: 295: 290: 287: 284: 280: 277: 274: 270: 264: 236: 230: 202: 201:Palazzo Malta 198: 195: 191: 178: 169: 168: 167:Ave Crux Alba 162: 158: 150: 143: 138: 134: 128: 122: 114: 108: 100: 93: 86: 77: 70: 60: 57: 52: 45: 38: 34: 19: 8457:Christianity 8369:Dobrzyń Land 8285:Stato da Màr 8015: 1980s 7950:distinctions 7895: 7641: 7603: 7589:Second Class 7570: 7453:EU relations 7112:Institutions 7049: 7024: 6812: 6781: 6718: 6672: 6653: 6639: 6617: 6583: 6550:St Catherine 6471: 6426:Fort St Elmo 6404: 6334: 6296:commanderies 6209: 6128:Associations 6124:Commanderies 6096:Grand Master 6089:Organisation 6039: 5941:. 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