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226:, in order to bargain a deal for arms and munitions. After prolonged negotiations, disagreements between the two men resulted in no deal being achieved. But, by May of that year, Chamorro had gathered enough capital and weapons to land 120 men, including himself, in the provinces of Boaco and Chontales, in an attempt to overthrow Somoza Debayle. The invasion failed, which was known as the so-called
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editors claimed that they were harassed by state security and that it was sometimes censored or closed, although it had a significantly higher circulation than the
Sandinista "Barricade" (70 thousand copies against 45 in 1986). The restrictions were lifted in a deal between Ortega and his opponents
451:
were arrested, and the work of 68 exiled reporters was disrupted. Negotiations in March 2019 led to a promise to lift the blockade in
October 2019, but the government did not keep its promise. The blockade was not lifted until February 2020, after 75 weeks, but the newspaper must still pay off its
273:
On the morning of
January 10, 1978, Chamorro was blocked on his way to work by a green Toyota. He was shot by several rounds from a shotgun and died in an ambulance on the way to a nearby hospital. It is widely believed in Nicaragua that Somoza's son, "El Chigüin", was behind the murder. Chamorro
340:
Soon after the Junta passed new laws, freedom of the press became subject to many political criteria. On July 22, 1979, the Law of
National Emergency allowed all media in Nicaragua to be placed under government control. On September 10, 1980, decrees 511 and 512 established prior censorship for
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economics and is largely aligned with the United States government. It is generally conservative on social issues, and identifies closely with the
Catholic Church (its cancellation of a weekly column written by Church theologians sparked a minor controversy). However, the paper has attacked
274:
became a martyr, and his assassination helped ignite widespread opposition to the Somoza government. Many of the middle and upper classes supported the
Sandinista insurgency after his murder. His assassination was a catalyst for the beginning of the final mass insurrection against Somoza.
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was occupied three times by
Sandinista forces, and it was constantly surrounded by Sandinista mobs. Under the FSLN this pattern of hostility continued throughout the years of Sandinista rule. During the 1980s, La Prensa received extensive subventions from the United States
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to local "teachers". Notably, future
Sandinistas such as Ernesto Cardenal, Sergio Ramirez, Gioconda Belli Murillo, and Carlos Mejía Godoy all contributed to the campaign. But that year Somoza ordered the dissolution of the Patriotic Literacy Campaign's National Committee.
198:. On May 22, 1953, one of Somoza's cronies, General Andrès Murillo, sent Somocista mobs to assault the newspaper's new building in Managua. Chamorro Cardenal was arrested, sent to military court, imprisoned and allegedly tortured for several months before being released.
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caused a nationwide sensation by publishing over 100,000 primers that were the backbone of the
National Literacy Campaign. They circulated maps of Nicaragua to millions who had never had the opportunity the study one in school. The program was distributed by
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continued to be a voice of opposition even as several radio talk shows and media outlets were being shut down by the government. In August 1978, Chamorro loaned 50,000 Cordobas from the newspaper to a
Sandinista operation, which was never repaid.
100:. Its current daily circulation is placed at 42,000. Founded in 1926, in 1932 it was bought by Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Zelaya, who had become editor-in-chief. He promoted the Conservative Party of Nicaragua and became a voice of opposition to
434:
began criticizing the Ortega government. Following its series of articles about human rights violations in October and November of that year, the government imposed a blockade of paper, ink, and other printing supplies. News media
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was again occupied by Somoza's forces, and Chamorro Cardenal was charged with aiding the conspirators who had killed Debayle's father. He was subsequently jailed and forced to publish condolences to the late dictator Somoza.
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was founded by Pedro Belli, Gavry Rivas and Enrique Belli on March 2, 1926. In 1930, Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Zelaya became editor-in-chief, and in 1932 he bought the paper with the intention of promoting the principles of the
201:
In 1956, Anastasio Somoza García was assassinated and his son Luis Somoza Debayle succeeded him to power. Like his father, Somoza Debayle had little tolerance for the strong criticism against his regime that was mounted by
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On March 15, 1982, the government declared a state of emergency, and closed down all independent broadcast new programs. Sandinista censorship began clamping down on political dissent and criticism. That same year
301:. However, Chamorro and the middle-class supporters of the revolution had a different vision for the country than the Sandinistas. When it became apparent that these differences could not be resolved,
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succeeded him as editor-in-chief and a voice of opposition. He opposed the excesses of the Somoza regime and came into conflict for his criticism of the regime, including after 1956 when the son
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by the paper's managers and confiscated printing paper before allowing workers to return to the building with continued supervision. Media and opposition groups assert the raid against
495:. The general manager, Juan Lorenzo Holmann, was arrested in 2021; its editors fled the country in 2022 after two drivers were arrested and staff homes were threatened.
151:, as well as publicising historical studies of Nicaragua. In 1931 the office building that housed La Prensa was destroyed, for the first time out of many, in an
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for corruption, opposed the political agreement between Alemán and Daniel Ortega, and challenged the perceived weak government of conservative President
368:, a bipartisan, Congressionally financed agency created to take over financing of groups that in the past had received covert aid from the CIA. But
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He is credited with improving the newspaper's fortunes. Chamorro Cardenal also increased the anti-Somoza rhetoric of his editorials, placing
427:"made little effort to disguise its role as an agency of US propaganda, dedicated to overthrowing the government of Nicaragua by force".
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In 1952, after the death of Pedro Joaquín Chamorro, his eldest son, Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, became the new editor of
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that leveled most of Managua. Chamorro rebuilt the newspaper's offices on the "North Highway" and it reopened in March 1973.
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163:, for being overly critical of the government. This began a long history of censorship under many different governments.
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for their anti-Somocista stance became customary. In 1945, under the guise of national security, the government ordered
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s strident criticism of Sandinista policies, particularly its economic policies, and its attacks on FSLN leader
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348:, started its campaign against the Sandinista government, by giving secret financial and arms support to the
119:. Forces of Somoza attacked the newspaper's offices in 1953 and 1956, and its work was repeatedly censored.
943:[Supplies for the newspaper La Prensa in Nicaragua, which were held for 75 weeks, are released].
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was the last remaining print newspaper in Nicaragua since the 2019 shutdown of fellow opposition paper
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at greater risk from the Somoza regime. Somoza subsequently increased his pressure on the editors of
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364:(‘motherland-sellers’) or traitors to the motherland. The paper admitted receiving funds from the
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was praised for launching a literacy campaign, a concept that was later adopted by the Salvadoran
170:, who came to power through a coup d'état, began his own censorship of the paper. Threats against
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941:"Liberan insumos al diario La Prensa en Nicaragua, que estaban retenidos desde hace 75 semanas"
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In 1959, Chamorro Cardenal went to Havana, Cuba, to meet with the new revolutionary leader,
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and other major US papers denouncing the Sandinistas and asking for aid for the Contras.
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During the next years, resistance rose against Somoza in numerous quarters of Nicaragua.
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bears virtually no relation to the paper which opposed Somoza. In 1980, the owner of
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suspended its physical print edition, claiming the government refused to release
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Twice the newspaper suffered the destruction of its building in earthquakes, in
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allegedly led the Sandinistas to adopt various restrictions on press freedom.
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924:[End of the 500-day blockade on the dean of Nicaragua’s newspaper].
324:. Eighty percent of the papers employees left with Chamorro Cardenal due to
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As Somoza went into exile from Nicaragua, he ordered a final destruction of
104:, for which the paper was censored. He continued to be critical of dictator
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593:. It also challenged the outspoken comments of the former U.S. ambassador
999:"Nicaraguan police raid La Prensa newspaper, charge directors with fraud"
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resigned from the junta in 1980 and began to oppose the Sandinistas.
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over a similar block of physical supplies by the Ortega government.
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by his Guardsmen, who used kerosene to light the building on fire.
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Necessary illusions : thought control in democratic societies
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debts before receiving the material it needs in order to operate.
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staff claimed that this funding was publicly declared and legal.
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97:
997:
Lopez, Ismael; Jorgic, Dragen; McCool, Grant (August 13, 2021).
360:. The staff were accused of being Contra sympathizers and thus,
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was henceforth subjected to prolonged censorship by the regime.
1111:
Under the Big Stick: Nicaragua and the United States Since 1848
1080:"Nicaragua's Besieged El Nuevo Diario Newspaper Calls it Quits"
1054:"Daniel Ortega's war on journalism: 54 media outlets shut down"
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922:"Fin del embargo de 500 días al diario decano de Nicaragua"
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imports. State-run media disputed the claim. On August 13,
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to completely shut down for an indefinite amount of time.
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suffered its first censorship in 1934 under the orders of
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1026:"Nicaragua: Police raid offices of La Prensa newspaper"
966:"Nicaraguan police raid opposition newspaper La Prensa"
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is a Nicaraguan newspaper, with offices in the capital
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After the fall of the government, Chamorro's widow,
122:After Chamorro Zelaya died in 1952, his eldest son
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356:was also often accused of being a puppet of the
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331:increasingly anti-Sandinista line and founded
1135:(Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2003)
938:
1128:(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005)
773:. Boston, MA: South End Press. p. 325.
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545:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
344:In this period the US, with the support of
352:. In this struggle under the Sandinistas,
254:On December 23, 1972, the headquarters of
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19:For other similarly named newspapers, see
565:Learn how and when to remove this message
443:were looted and confiscated, journalists
825:The CIA-Contra-Crack Cocaine Controversy
757:
1165:Daily newspapers published in Nicaragua
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108:, who came to power in a coup d'état.
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920:Alfredo Miranda (February 7, 2020).
857:, New York Times, September 24, 1988
854:Furor in Nicaragua on C.I.A. Charges
543:adding citations to reliable sources
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410:in the run-up to the 1990 election.
13:
939:Mario Medrano (February 8, 2020).
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1113:(Boston: South End Press, 1986).
882:Chamorro Cardenal, Jaime (1988).
867:Chamorro Cardenal, Jaime (1988).
838:Chamorro Cardenal, Jaime (1988).
809:Chamorro Cardenal, Jaime (1988).
794:Chamorro Cardenal, Jaime (1988).
749:Chamorro Cardenal, Jaime (1988).
734:Chamorro Cardenal, Jaime (1988).
716:Chamorro Cardenal, Jaime (1988).
701:Chamorro Cardenal, Jaime (1988).
686:Chamorro Cardenal, Jaime (1988).
668:Chamorro Cardenal, Jaime (1988).
653:Chamorro Cardenal, Jaime (1988).
635:Chamorro Cardenal, Jaime (1988).
612:Freedom of the press in Nicaragua
906:National Endowment for Democracy
515:
485:2021 Nicaraguan general election
389:staff members wrote articles in
383:National Endowment for Democracy
366:National Endowment for Democracy
299:Junta of National Reconstruction
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182:Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal
149:Conservative Party of Nicaragua
124:Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal
1185:Newspapers established in 1926
1133:Media Power in Central America
884:La Prensa, A Republic of Paper
869:La Prensa, A Republic of Paper
840:La Prensa, A Republic of Paper
811:La Prensa, A Republic of Paper
796:La Prensa, A Republic of Paper
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655:La Prensa, A Republic of Paper
637:La Prensa, A Republic of Paper
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597:regarding Nicaraguan affairs.
341:matters of national security.
210:economic policies. That year,
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886:. Freedom House. p. 44.
871:. Freedom House. p. 20.
842:. Freedom House. p. 30.
813:. Freedom House. p. 17.
798:. Freedom House. p. 16.
753:. Freedom House. p. 13.
738:. Freedom House. p. 11.
585:ex-President and PLC Leader
297:, served on the five-member
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1170:Spanish-language newspapers
720:. Freedom House. p. 9.
705:. Freedom House. p. 7.
690:. Freedom House. p. 4.
672:. Freedom House. p. 3.
657:. Freedom House. p. 2.
639:. Freedom House. p. 1.
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467:raided the headquarters of
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285:was rebuilt within months.
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828:, US Department of Justice
493:Cristiana Chamorro Barrios
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21:La Prensa (disambiguation)
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1131:Rockwell, R and N Janus,
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1124:Dodd, L and L Anderson,
322:Xavier Chamorro Cardenal
168:Anastasio Somoza García
106:Anastasio Somoza García
769:Chomsky, Noam (1989).
241:. With modest tools,
130:succeeded his father.
1180:Nicaraguan Revolution
1175:Mass media in Managua
258:was destroyed in the
1088:. September 27, 2019
1060:. September 11, 2022
898:"Annual Report 1985"
539:improve this section
455:On August 12, 2021,
161:Juan Bautista Sacasa
102:Juan Bautista Sacasa
16:Nicaraguan newspaper
580:generally supports
416:Necessary Illusions
392:The Washington Post
128:Luis Somoza Debayle
84:www.laprensa.com.ni
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1126:Learning Democracy
260:massive earthquake
155:that hit Managua.
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1104:Reading materials
1034:. August 13, 2021
978:. August 14, 2021
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507:Current positions
449:Lucía Pineda Ubau
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1109:Berman, C,
950:February 9,
932:February 9,
465:riot police
445:Miguel Mora
139:Early years
71:Circulation
1159:Categories
1092:August 14,
1038:August 14,
1010:August 14,
982:August 14,
780:0896083675
623:References
582:neoliberal
555:April 2021
399:La Prensa'
208:neoliberal
188:La Prensa.
153:earthquake
578:La Prensa
526:does not
497:La Prensa
489:La Prensa
481:La Prensa
469:La Prensa
461:newsprint
457:La Prensa
432:La Prensa
425:La Prensa
407:La Prensa
387:La Prensa
378:La Prensa
370:La Prensa
354:La Prensa
346:La Prensa
326:La Prensa
318:La Prensa
314:La Prensa
283:La Prensa
279:La Prensa
267:La Prensa
256:La Prensa
243:La Prensa
235:La Prensa
233:In 1963,
217:La Prensa
212:La Prensa
204:La Prensa
196:La Prensa
192:La Prensa
176:La Prensa
172:La Prensa
157:La Prensa
144:La Prensa
93:La Prensa
48:newspaper
29:La Prensa
1031:BBC News
601:See also
166:In 1936
1004:Reuters
926:El País
547:removed
532:sources
491:editor
350:Contras
295:Violeta
134:History
98:Managua
80:Website
65:Managua
54:Founded
1117:
777:
329:'s
248:UNESCO
46:Daily
901:(PDF)
1115:ISBN
1094:2021
1066:2022
1040:2021
1012:2021
984:2021
952:2020
934:2020
775:ISBN
530:any
528:cite
475:and
447:and
439:and
239:FSLN
117:1972
115:and
113:1931
57:1926
43:Type
541:by
413:In
358:CIA
1161::
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759:^
726:^
678:^
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