512:
53:
492:
598:
689:, thus reversing the policies set by his father Philip II Augustus. This removed any type of assistance for the Jews from the king or barons. Further, Christians would be required to repay only the principal of any loans owed to Jews. This principal would be paid to the king or other lords who had direct authority over the Jews. This caused such a major financial impact on Jewish moneylenders, that in 1225 Louis invited Lombard moneylenders to Paris.
698:
574:. Louis, undeterred by Henry's reissuing of the Magna Carta, besieged and invested the castle of Hertford in December 1216. By 20 December 1216, he received a proposal for a truce, from regent William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, lasting from Christmas until 13 January. Louis accepted these terms and traveled back to London, on the way threatening to burn the abbey at St. Albans for the abbot's refusal to recognize him as King of England.
503:, Louis ordered the destruction of the town's fortifications in response to the disagreement between Simon de Montfort and Arnaud Amaury and forced the viscount and other authorities to swear loyalty to Simon. While at Toulouse, he ordered the city officials to tear down their walls, fill in their moat, and to accept Simon de Montfort as the head of their government. Louis' involvement in the crusade favored Simon de Montfort at every turn.
878:
crusade, which did not start until 1226, against the
Cathars was largely successful taking BĂ©ziers, Carcassonne, Beaucaire, and Marseille. The costly victory at Avignon, however, rendered his army incapable of taking Toulouse. After his death, his wife, Blanche of Castile continued the crusade resulting in
728:
resisted, refusing to open its gates to the French troops. Not wanting to storm the city, Louis settled in for a siege. A frontal assault that August was fiercely beaten back. On 9 September 1226, the town surrendered, agreeing to pay 6,000 marks, handing over hostages, and destroying its walls.
877:
Louis left the French monarchy in control of
Gascony and much of Languedoc. His decision to divert the payment of loans from Jewish moneylenders to lords in authority over them, led to a Parisian financial crisis which was averted by the introduction of Lombard moneylenders into Paris. Louis'
729:
However, Louis' army took heavy losses besieging
Avignon. Finally arriving at Toulouse in October 1226, it was apparent his army was too tired and too weak to attack. Louis chose to return to Paris with the plan to attack Raymond VII of Toulouse next season.
447:
In 1213, Louis occupied two towns in
Flanders, St. Omer and Aire, which led to animosity between Louis' father, Philip II, and Count Renaud of Boulogne. By 1214, Philip II of France, was facing an alliance consisting of King John of England, Emperor
745:, Auvergne. His disposition, dated June 1225, instructed that his son Louis would succeed him as King, while younger sons were given apanages. Robert received Artois, John Tristan acquired Maine and Anjou, and Alphonse gained Poitou and Auvergne.
415:
and
Isabella of Hainault. His mother died in 1190, but Louis was not formally invested as Count of Artois. Instead, his father allowed him a nominal control over the county to learn about governance. In summer 1195, a marriage between Louis and
359:, from 1219 to 1223, and as king, from January 1226 to September 1226. Crowned king in 1223, Louis' ordinance against Jewish usury, a reversal of his father's policies, led to the establishment of Lombard moneylenders in Paris.
475:, a key stronghold, Louis was forced give battle against John's army. When faced against Louis' forces, the local Poitevin nobles refused to advance with the king; left at something of a disadvantage, John retreated back to
540:. The barons, seeing Louis' wife as a descendant of Henry II of England, offered the throne to him. While Louis prepared an army to press his claim to the English throne, a new papal legate, Cardinal
717:
at the
Council of Bourges and the promise of a tenth of clerical incomes towards the next crusade, Louis took the cross, stating his intention to crusade against the Albigensians.
570:
and soon controlled over half of the
English kingdom. King John's death in October 1216 caused many of the rebellious barons to desert Louis in favour of John's nine-year-old son,
2994:
467:
Louis was given command of the front against John in Poitou. The first part of the campaign went well for the
English, Louis being outmaneuvered by John, and losing the city of
589:
were an amnesty for
English rebels, a pledge from Louis not to attack England again, and 10,000 marks to be given to Louis. In return Louis' excommunication was lifted.
551:
in eastern Kent, England, at the head of an army on 21 May 1216. There was little resistance when the prince entered London, and he was proclaimed King Louis I of
England at
642:. Amalric of Montfort traded Louis his claim on the county of Toulouse in return for becoming constable of the kingdom. As King, he refused to renew the truce with
332:
from 1223 to 1226. As a prince, he invaded England on 21 May 1216 and was excommunicated by a papal legate on 29 May 1216. On 2 June 1216, Louis was proclaimed "
2987:
1758:
Gardner, Christopher K. (2005). "Heretics or Lawyers? Propaganda and Toulousan Identity through the Albigensian Crusade". In Hayes-Healy, Stephanie (ed.).
713:
In 1223, Louis received a letter from Pope Honorius III, entreating him to move against the Albigensians. In early 1226, following the excommunication of
677:
Louis's campaign in 1226 captured numerous cities in Languedoc. By 1226, Louis' lack of military support in Gascony had embittered Hugh X of Lusignan.
499:
In April 1215, Louis, fulfilling his father's vow to crusade against the Albigensians, was cautioned by a papal legate not to impede the crusade. At
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439:. The marriage could only be concluded after prolonged negotiations between King Philip II of France and Blanche's uncle John, King of England.
81:
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with great pomp and celebration in the presence of all of London. Even though he was not crowned, many nobles, as well as King
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627:
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58:
340:, though never crowned. He soon seized half the English kingdom but was eventually defeated by the English. After the
1933:
1870:
1813:
1729:
1626:
1588:
1861:
Jordan, William Chester (1999). "The Capetians from the death of Philip II to Philip IV". In Abulafia, David (ed.).
460:. Facing a two-front war, the first attack coming from Flanders led by Otto, Renaud and Ferdinand, supported by the
2332:
97:
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706:
3817:
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879:
417:
17:
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would march south-west, while the other attack from Poitou, under John, would march north-east towards Paris.
3752:
1741:
The Silk Industries of Medieval Paris: Artisanal Migration, Technological Innovation, and Gendered Experience
686:
3767:
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457:
453:
634:
Louis succeeded his father on 14 July 1223; his coronation took place on 6 August of the same year in the
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2325:
829:
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On 1 November 1223, Louis issued an ordinance that prohibited his officials from recording debts owed to
483:
in the north against Otto and John's other allies, bringing an end to John's hopes of retaking Normandy.
449:
260:
31:
3368:
1762:. Vol. I: Essays in Honor of Jeremy duQuesnay Adams. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 115â138.
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on 24 August 1217, Louis was forced to make peace on English terms. The principal provisions of the
185:
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701:
Capture of Marmande by the future Louis VIII during the Albigensian Crusade in 1219. Manuscript by
578:
556:
383:
265:
250:
724:
and moving quickly captured the towns of BĂ©ziers, Carcassonne, Beaucaire, and Marseille. However,
670:
if Gascony were conquered. By the end of summer 1224, Louis had conquered Limousin, Perigord, and
3777:
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62:
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563:. At Winchester on 29 May 1216, Cardinal Bicchieri excommunicated Louis and all his followers.
511:
3551:
1923:
861:(posthumously 21 March 1227 â 7 January 1285), Count of Anjou and Maine, by marriage Count of
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35:
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52:
8:
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1865:. Vol. 5, c.1198âc.1300. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 279â313.
1823:
Harper-Bill, Christopher (2003). "John and the Church of Rome". In Church, S.D. (ed.).
887:
787:
768:
753:
663:
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602:
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210:
130:
1581:
The Government of Philip Augustus Foundations of French Royal Power in the Middle Ages
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1782:
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Barber states Louis' decision to not attack Toulouse may have been due to ill health.
702:
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907:
819:
387:
348:, pledged never to invade England again, and was absolved of his excommunication.
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2701:
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2542:
2526:
2289:
2273:
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2095:
The Chronicle of William of Puylaurens: The Albigensian Crusade and its Aftermath
2081:
1992:
Scotland, England and France After the Loss of Normandy, 1204-1296: "Auld Amitie"
1978:
1792:
1689:
1662:
1632:
815:
805:
721:
635:
560:
544:, who was traveling through France to England, explicitly condemned Louis' plan.
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as their only remaining continental possession. Louis died in November 1226 from
351:
As prince and fulfilling his father's crusading vow, Louis led forces during the
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103:
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1943:
548:
472:
363:
329:
285:
77:
424:, was suggested for an alliance between Philip II and Richard, but it failed.
394:, while returning from the Albigensian Crusade, and was succeeded by his son,
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2572:
2498:
2463:
2428:
775:
Philip (9 September 1209 â 30 June 1218), betrothed in July 1215 to Agnes of
522:
2122:
1796:
752:, just to the north of Paris, houses the tomb of Louis VIII. His young son,
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In 1215, the English barons rebelled against the unpopular King John in the
3709:
3466:
2950:
2493:
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Blood Cries Afar: The Magna Carta War and the Invasion of England 1215â1217
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1982:
1974:
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30:"Louis VIII" and "Louis of England" redirect here. For other rulers, see
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The nickname was bestowed on him posthumously by the contemporary poet
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The Cathars: Dualist Heretics in Languedoc in the High Middle Agesh
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The Struggle for Mastery: The Penguin History of Britain 1066â1284
784:
John (26 January 1213, died shortly after birth), twin of Alphonse
781:
Alphonse (26 January 1213, died shortly after birth), twin of John
3612:
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2413:
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William of Puylaurens (2003). Sibley, W.A.; Sibley, M.D. (eds.).
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280:
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1886:
Gender, Otherness, and Culture in Medieval and Early Modern Art
1884:". In Bradbury, Carlee A.; Moseley-Christian, Michelle (eds.).
833:
832:(Poissy, 11 November 1220 â 21 August 1271, Corneto), Count of
809:
791:
671:
651:
468:
367:
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1903:
LĂ©glu, Catherine; Rist, Rebecca; Taylor, Claire, eds. (2014).
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on 5 May 1224. Instead Louis attacked the possession of the
3108:
2070:. Yale English Monarchs. New Haven: Yale University press.
1522:
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1880:
Kelly, Jessen (2017). "Forms of Testimony in Dirk Bouts's
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Henry III: The Rise to Power and Personal Rule, 1207-1258
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on 20 May 1217 and his naval forces were defeated at the
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804:(25 September 1216 â 9 February 1250, killed in battle,
34:. For the youngest son of William, Prince of Wales, see
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1328:
1269:
1012:
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995:
559:
on behalf of his English possessions, gathered to give
1967:Ătude sur la vie et le rĂšgne de Louis VIII (1187â1226)
1722:
From Norman Conquest to Magna Carta: England 1066â1215
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1418:
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by the end of June. When John besieged the castle of
2092:
1905:
The Cathars And The Albigensian Crusade: A Sourcebook
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1401:
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1155:
1143:
1073:
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983:
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in 1271 following the death of Louis' son Alphonse.
1948:
Royal Bastards: The Birth of Illegitimacy, 800â1230
1827:. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. pp. 289â315.
1544:
1340:
1131:
971:
956:
1743:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
506:
1888:. Cham: Springer International. pp. 91â119.
479:. Shortly afterwards, Philip won the hard-fought
411:Born 5 September 1187, Louis was the son of King
3744:
737:While returning to Paris, Louis became ill with
515:Arrival of Louis of France in England (from the
486:
316:(5 September 1187 â 8 November 1226), nicknamed
2133:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). pp. 36â37.
1964:
1902:
1251:
938:
692:
362:Louis' campaigns in 1224 and 1226 against the
2988:
2333:
1844:Tower: An Epic History of the Tower of London
814:John Tristan (21 July 1219 â 1232), Count of
798:), King of France as successor to his father.
1779:Louis: The French Prince Who Invaded England
1583:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
756:(1226â70), succeeded him as king of France.
3555:Monarchs of England and Scotland after the
2051:. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
1822:
1125:
662:. To accomplish this task, he treated with
3732:Debated or disputed rulers are in italics.
2995:
2981:
2340:
2326:
855:Stephen (31 December 1225 â 21 March 1227)
51:
2013:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1942:
1808:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1700:
1673:
1651:. The Medieval World. London: Routledge.
1649:Philip Augustus: King of France 1180â1223
1334:
1280:
1263:
1040:
1001:
846:Philip Dagobert (20 February 1222 â 1232)
720:In May 1226, Louis assembled his army at
1643:
1619:The Feudal Kingdom of England, 1042â1216
950:
822:, betrothed in March 1227 to Yolande of
696:
596:
510:
490:
2137:
2046:
2008:
1989:
1925:The Routledge Companion to the Crusades
1803:
1757:
1719:
1578:
1562:
1538:
1526:
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1448:
1436:
1424:
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1307:
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1149:
1108:
1096:
989:
240:
14:
3823:Burials at the Basilica of Saint-Denis
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2347:
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2065:
2032:. Cambridge: Oxford University Press.
1860:
1776:
1738:
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965:
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1879:
1846:. New York: St. Martin's Publishing.
1841:
1493:
1137:
762:
427:On 23 May 1200, Louis was married to
2961:Debatable or disputed rulers are in
2212:14 July 1223 â 8 November 1226
2027:
2011:Saint Louis, Crusader King of France
1969:(in French). Paris: Ămile Bouillon.
1921:
1781:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
1705:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
1550:
1349:
709:, ink drawing, France, 13th century.
1950:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
741:and died on 8 November 1226 in the
442:
223:
24:
2113:
1863:The New Cambridge Medieval History
852:(16 March 1225 â 23 February 1270)
794:, 25 April 1214 â 25 August 1270,
592:
25:
3839:
3773:People of the Albigensian Crusade
2247:May 1216 â 22 September 1217
2158:
2097:. Woosbridge: The Boydell Press.
1994:. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press.
1965:Petit-Dutaillis, Charles (1895).
1806:England in the Thirteenth Century
886:, which brought the monarchy the
680:
577:After his army was beaten at the
70: 10 June â 9 September 1226
3793:Pretenders to the English throne
566:On 14 June 1216, Louis captured
27:King of France from 1223 to 1226
3828:Children of Philip II of France
3032:Monarchs of Scotland until 1603
913:
707:Song of the Albigensian Crusade
507:Pretender to the English throne
495:Painting by Henri Lehmann, 1837
401:
219:
141:2 June 1216 â 20 September 1217
3029:Monarchs of England until 1603
1825:King John: New Interpretations
900:
880:Raymond VII, Count of Toulouse
767:On 23 May 1200, Louis married
547:Louis landed unopposed on the
406:
378:as well as numerous cities in
92:14 July 1223 â 8 November 1226
13:
1:
3808:13th-century English monarchs
3788:Male Shakespearean characters
2124:"Louis VIII. of France"
1720:Daniell, Christopher (2003).
1621:. London: Pearson Education.
1252:LĂ©glu, Rist & Taylor 2014
926:
620:
601:Coronation of Louis VIII and
526:
487:Albigensian crusade as Prince
66:
3813:13th-century kings of France
666:, promising him the city of
650:, invading Gascony, seizing
616:Grandes Chroniques de France
7:
3639:British monarchs after the
2047:Strayer, Joseph R. (1992).
705:and anonymous continuator,
693:Albigensian crusade as King
357:Simon de Montfort the Elder
261:Alphonse, Count of Poitiers
32:Louis VIII (disambiguation)
10:
3844:
3803:13th-century French people
3798:12th-century French people
1777:Hanley, Catherine (2016).
1571:
1293:William of Puylaurens 2003
336:" by rebellious barons in
29:
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2232:
2224:
2214:
2205:
2197:
2192:
2165:
2121:Bryant, Margaret (1911).
2066:Warren, W. Lewis (1997).
2030:Popes and Jews, 1095â1291
1701:Carpenter, David (2020).
1674:Carpenter, David (2004).
1579:Baldwin, John W. (1991).
872:
301:
291:
279:
271:Charles I, King of Sicily
256:Robert I, Count of Artois
233:
204:
192:
183:8 November 1226 (aged 39)
179:
169:
165:
155:
145:
137:
129:
119:
109:
96:
88:
76:
50:
45:
2049:The Albigensian Crusades
1598:Barber, Malcolm (2014).
893:
732:
557:Alexander II of Scotland
384:Angevin Kings of England
251:Louis IX, King of France
2374:List of French monarchs
2130:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
1739:Farmer, Sharon (2017).
715:Raymond VII of Toulouse
553:Old St Paul's Cathedral
433:Alfonso VIII of Castile
2880:(1814â1815; 1815â1830)
2369:List of Frankish kings
2364:Simplified family tree
2235:â DISPUTED â
2138:McGlynn, Sean (2014).
2028:Rist, Rebecca (2016).
2009:Richard, Jean (1992).
1990:Pollock, M.A. (2015).
1804:Harding, Alan (1993).
1617:Barlow, Frank (1999).
884:Treaty of Paris (1229)
840:, and by marriage, of
743:ChĂąteau de Montpensier
710:
631:
628:BibliothĂšque nationale
533:
496:
325:
186:ChĂąteau de Montpensier
3818:Deaths from dysentery
2302:Merged into the crown
2167:Louis VIII of France
1928:. London: Routledge.
1907:. London: Routledge.
1842:Jones, Nigel (2012).
1724:. London: Routledge.
1602:. London: Routledge.
700:
600:
514:
494:
458:Ferdinand of Flanders
344:, he was paid 10,000
61:of Louis VIII at the
36:Prince Louis of Wales
3753:Louis VIII of France
3609:William III & II
3174:Henry the Young King
3124:Edward the Confessor
3092:Ăthelred the Unready
2359:Detailed family tree
1922:Lock, Peter (2006).
1188:, pp. 125, 126.
939:Petit-Dutaillis 1895
750:Saint Denis Basilica
422:Richard I of England
306:Isabella of Hainault
198:Saint Denis Basilica
3768:Nobility from Paris
3557:Union of the Crowns
2795:Henry VI of England
1882:Justice of Otto III
1678:. London: Penguin.
1484:, pp. 282â283.
1176:, pp. 118â126.
1111:, pp. 101â102.
808:, Egypt), Count of
658:(August 1224), and
431:, daughter of King
418:Eleanor of Brittany
413:Philip II of France
382:, thus leaving the
353:Albigensian Crusade
296:Philip II of France
3641:Acts of Union 1707
3604:James II & VII
3297:Kenneth I MacAlpin
3082:Edgar the Peaceful
2942:House of Bonaparte
2852:House of Bonaparte
2782:House of Lancaster
2348:Monarchs of France
2306:Title next held by
1760:Medieval Paradigms
888:county of Toulouse
769:Blanche of Castile
763:Marriage and issue
711:
664:Hugh X of Lusignan
632:
603:Blanche of Castile
583:Battle of Sandwich
534:
497:
481:Battle of Bouvines
454:Renaud of Boulogne
437:Eleanor of England
429:Blanche of Castile
266:Isabelle of France
211:Blanche of Castile
3740:
3739:
3723:
3722:
3626:
3625:
3542:
3541:
3537:
3536:
3087:Edward the Martyr
2970:
2969:
2931:Louis Philippe II
2854:(1804â1814; 1815)
2316:
2315:
2294:1190 â 1223
2263:Succeeded by
2237:
2215:Succeeded by
2149:978-0-752-49251-3
2104:978-0-85115-925-6
2077:978-0-30007-373-7
2058:978-0-47209-476-9
2039:978-0-19871-798-0
2020:978-0-52138-156-7
2001:978-1-84383-992-7
1957:978-0-19878-582-8
1914:978-0-41573-688-6
1895:978-3-31965-048-7
1853:978-1-25003-840-1
1834:978-0-85115-736-8
1788:978-0-30021-745-2
1769:978-1-34973-497-9
1750:978-0-81224-848-7
1712:978-0-30023-835-8
1685:978-0-14014-824-4
1658:978-0-58206-059-3
1609:978-0-58225-661-3
1266:, pp. 29â30.
703:William of Tudela
587:Treaty of Lambeth
579:Battle of Lincoln
538:First Barons' War
462:Earl of Salisbury
342:Treaty of Lambeth
311:
310:
16:(Redirected from
3835:
3783:Counts of Artois
3632:
3631:
3592:Richard Cromwell
3582:The Protectorate
3572:James I & VI
3548:
3547:
3129:Harold Godwinson
3049:Edward the Elder
3042:Alfred the Great
3026:
3025:
3021:
3020:
2997:
2990:
2983:
2974:
2973:
2925:Louis Philippe I
2916:House of Orléans
2878:House of Bourbon
2806:House of Bourbon
2342:
2335:
2328:
2319:
2318:
2280:Preceded by
2260:
2251:
2233:
2225:Preceded by
2198:Preceded by
2188:
2181:
2180:5 September 1187
2163:
2162:
2153:
2134:
2126:
2108:
2089:
2062:
2043:
2024:
2005:
1986:
1961:
1939:
1918:
1899:
1876:
1857:
1838:
1819:
1800:
1773:
1754:
1735:
1716:
1697:
1670:
1640:
1613:
1594:
1566:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1530:
1524:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1473:
1467:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1399:
1393:
1384:
1378:
1372:
1366:
1353:
1347:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1311:
1305:
1296:
1290:
1284:
1278:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1189:
1183:
1177:
1171:
1165:
1159:
1153:
1147:
1141:
1135:
1129:
1126:Harper-Bill 2003
1123:
1112:
1106:
1100:
1094:
1083:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1056:
1050:
1044:
1038:
1032:
1026:
1020:
1014:
1005:
999:
993:
987:
981:
975:
969:
963:
954:
948:
942:
936:
920:
917:
911:
908:Nicholas of Bray
904:
625:
622:
531:
528:
443:Campaign of 1214
420:, niece of King
244:
227:
225:
221:
173:5 September 1187
71:
68:
63:Siege of Avignon
55:
43:
42:
21:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3743:
3742:
3741:
3736:
3719:
3646:
3622:
3587:Oliver Cromwell
3563:
3538:
3533:
3380:Constantine III
3289:
3114:Harold Harefoot
3104:Edmund Ironside
3015:
3010: and
3001:
2971:
2966:
2955:
2936:
2910:
2872:
2846:
2800:
2775:
2702:House of Valois
2696:
2607:
2568:Charles the Fat
2527:Pepin the Short
2512:
2503:
2379:
2378:
2349:
2346:
2307:
2304:
2293:
2290:Count of Artois
2285:
2274:French nobility
2268:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2242:King of England
2238:
2230:
2220:
2211:
2203:
2187:8 November 1226
2182:
2176:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2156:
2150:
2116:
2114:Further reading
2111:
2105:
2078:
2059:
2040:
2021:
2002:
1958:
1944:McDougall, Sara
1936:
1915:
1896:
1873:
1854:
1835:
1816:
1789:
1770:
1751:
1732:
1713:
1686:
1659:
1629:
1610:
1591:
1574:
1569:
1561:
1557:
1549:
1545:
1537:
1533:
1529:, p. xxiv.
1525:
1500:
1492:
1488:
1480:
1476:
1468:
1455:
1447:
1443:
1435:
1431:
1423:
1419:
1411:
1402:
1394:
1387:
1379:
1375:
1367:
1356:
1348:
1341:
1333:
1329:
1321:
1314:
1306:
1299:
1291:
1287:
1279:
1270:
1262:
1258:
1250:
1243:
1235:
1231:
1223:
1219:
1211:
1207:
1199:
1192:
1184:
1180:
1172:
1168:
1160:
1156:
1148:
1144:
1136:
1132:
1124:
1115:
1107:
1103:
1095:
1086:
1078:
1074:
1066:
1059:
1051:
1047:
1039:
1035:
1027:
1023:
1015:
1008:
1000:
996:
988:
984:
976:
972:
964:
957:
949:
945:
937:
933:
929:
924:
923:
918:
914:
905:
901:
896:
875:
765:
759:
735:
695:
683:
623:
595:
593:King Louis VIII
542:Guala Bicchieri
529:
518:Chronica Majora
509:
489:
445:
409:
404:
334:King of England
275:
238:
237:
229:
217:
213:
200:
184:
174:
131:King of England
104:Reims Cathedral
102:6 August 1223,
84:
72:
69:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3841:
3831:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3778:House of Capet
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3734:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3644:
3628:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3620:
3615:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3595:
3594:
3589:
3579:
3574:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3561:
3544:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3483:Edward Balliol
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3343:Constantine II
3340:
3335:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3307:
3300:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3282:
3271:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3170:
3165:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3135:Edgar Ătheling
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3030:
3024:
3017:
3016:
3000:
2999:
2992:
2985:
2977:
2968:
2967:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2947:
2945:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2927:
2921:
2919:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2889:
2883:
2881:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2863:
2857:
2855:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2811:
2809:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2790:
2788:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2707:
2705:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2618:
2616:
2613:House of Capet
2609:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2534:
2529:
2523:
2521:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2474:Childebert III
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2390:
2388:
2381:
2380:
2377:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2345:
2344:
2337:
2330:
2322:
2314:
2313:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2286:
2281:
2277:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2264:
2261:
2231:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2213:
2208:King of France
2204:
2199:
2195:
2194:
2193:Regnal titles
2190:
2189:
2172:House of Capet
2169:
2166:
2160:
2159:External links
2157:
2155:
2154:
2148:
2135:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2109:
2103:
2090:
2076:
2063:
2057:
2044:
2038:
2025:
2019:
2006:
2000:
1987:
1962:
1956:
1940:
1934:
1919:
1913:
1900:
1894:
1877:
1871:
1858:
1852:
1839:
1833:
1820:
1814:
1801:
1787:
1774:
1768:
1755:
1749:
1736:
1730:
1717:
1711:
1698:
1684:
1671:
1657:
1641:
1627:
1614:
1608:
1595:
1589:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1565:, p. 125.
1555:
1553:, p. 165.
1543:
1531:
1498:
1496:, p. 166.
1486:
1474:
1472:, p. 135.
1453:
1451:, p. 134.
1441:
1439:, p. 133.
1429:
1427:, p. 131.
1417:
1415:, p. 140.
1400:
1398:, p. 130.
1385:
1383:, p. 139.
1373:
1371:, p. 141.
1354:
1352:, p. 154.
1339:
1335:Carpenter 2020
1327:
1325:, p. 282.
1312:
1297:
1295:, p. 103.
1285:
1281:Carpenter 2020
1268:
1264:Carpenter 2020
1256:
1241:
1239:, p. 177.
1229:
1227:, p. 176.
1217:
1215:, p. 272.
1205:
1203:, p. 129.
1190:
1178:
1166:
1154:
1142:
1130:
1128:, p. 312.
1113:
1101:
1099:, p. 101.
1084:
1082:, p. 224.
1072:
1070:, p. 222.
1057:
1055:, p. 221.
1045:
1043:, p. 286.
1041:Carpenter 2004
1033:
1031:, p. 335.
1021:
1019:, p. 203.
1006:
1004:, p. 226.
1002:McDougall 2017
994:
992:, p. 364.
982:
970:
955:
953:, p. 177.
943:
930:
928:
925:
922:
921:
912:
898:
897:
895:
892:
882:, signing the
874:
871:
870:
869:
856:
853:
847:
844:
827:
812:
799:
785:
782:
779:
764:
761:
734:
731:
694:
691:
682:
681:Policy on Jews
679:
594:
591:
549:Isle of Thanet
508:
505:
488:
485:
473:Roche-au-Moine
444:
441:
408:
405:
403:
400:
364:Angevin Empire
355:in support of
330:King of France
309:
308:
303:
299:
298:
293:
289:
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283:
277:
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273:
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127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
100:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
80:
78:King of France
74:
73:
56:
48:
47:
26:
18:Louis the Lion
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3840:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3726:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
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3678:
3676:
3673:
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3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
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3649:
3643:
3642:
3637:
3636:
3633:
3629:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3566:
3560:
3558:
3553:
3552:
3549:
3545:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3456:
3455:Alexander III
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3366:
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3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3311:Constantine I
3308:
3306:
3305:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
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3210:
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3205:
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3200:
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3195:
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3181:
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3176:
3175:
3171:
3169:
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3163:
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3157:
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3152:
3149:
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3144:
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3139:
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3136:
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3112:
3110:
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3057:
3053:
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3050:
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3043:
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3036:
3035:
3031:
3028:
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3018:
3013:
3009:
3005:
2998:
2993:
2991:
2986:
2984:
2979:
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2958:
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2778:
2772:
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2519:
2515:
2510:
2506:
2500:
2499:Childeric III
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2464:Theuderic III
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2429:Childebert II
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
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2412:
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2407:
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2400:
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2255:
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2202:
2196:
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2179:
2174:
2173:
2164:
2151:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2125:
2119:
2118:
2106:
2100:
2096:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2073:
2069:
2064:
2060:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2041:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2022:
2016:
2012:
2007:
2003:
1997:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1963:
1959:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1935:0-415-24732-2
1931:
1927:
1926:
1920:
1916:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1897:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1878:
1874:
1872:0-521-36289-X
1868:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1849:
1845:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1826:
1821:
1817:
1815:0-521-30274-9
1811:
1807:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1765:
1761:
1756:
1752:
1746:
1742:
1737:
1733:
1731:0-415-22215-X
1727:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1708:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1645:Bradbury, Jim
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1628:0-582-38117-7
1624:
1620:
1615:
1611:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1590:0-520-07391-6
1586:
1582:
1577:
1576:
1564:
1559:
1552:
1547:
1541:, p. 81.
1540:
1535:
1528:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1495:
1490:
1483:
1478:
1471:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1450:
1445:
1438:
1433:
1426:
1421:
1414:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1397:
1392:
1390:
1382:
1377:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1351:
1346:
1344:
1337:, p. 43.
1336:
1331:
1324:
1319:
1317:
1310:, p. 23.
1309:
1304:
1302:
1294:
1289:
1283:, p. 30.
1282:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1265:
1260:
1254:, p. 14.
1253:
1248:
1246:
1238:
1233:
1226:
1221:
1214:
1209:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1187:
1182:
1175:
1170:
1164:, p. 10.
1163:
1158:
1152:, p. 59.
1151:
1146:
1140:, p. 17.
1139:
1134:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1110:
1105:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1081:
1076:
1069:
1064:
1062:
1054:
1049:
1042:
1037:
1030:
1025:
1018:
1013:
1011:
1003:
998:
991:
986:
980:, p. 24.
979:
974:
968:, p. 39.
967:
962:
960:
952:
951:Bradbury 1997
947:
941:, p. 15.
940:
935:
931:
916:
909:
903:
899:
891:
889:
885:
881:
868:
864:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
843:
839:
835:
831:
828:
825:
821:
817:
813:
811:
807:
803:
800:
797:
793:
789:
786:
783:
780:
778:
774:
773:
772:
770:
760:
757:
755:
751:
746:
744:
740:
730:
727:
723:
718:
716:
708:
704:
699:
690:
688:
678:
675:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
629:
618:
617:
612:
608:
604:
599:
590:
588:
584:
580:
575:
573:
569:
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
545:
543:
539:
524:
523:Matthew Paris
520:
519:
513:
504:
502:
493:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
440:
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430:
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423:
419:
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399:
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389:
385:
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365:
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349:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
307:
304:
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297:
294:
290:
287:
284:
282:
278:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
248:
246:
243:
242:
236:
232:
212:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
182:
178:
175:Paris, France
172:
168:
164:
161:
158:
154:
151:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
125:
122:
118:
115:
112:
108:
105:
101:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
64:
60:
57:15th-century
54:
49:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3731:
3710:Elizabeth II
3638:
3554:
3481:
3459:
3450:Alexander II
3367:
3330:
3323:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3295:
3277:
3266:
3190:
3189:
3172:
3160:
3133:
3096:
3054:
3047:
3040:
2962:
2951:Napoleon III
2929:
2903:
2896:
2865:
2839:
2793:
2785:
2780:
2741:Charles VIII
2656:
2509:Carolingians
2494:Theuderic IV
2484:Chilperic II
2479:Dagobert III
2459:Childeric II
2454:Chlothar III
2399:Childebert I
2385:Merovingians
2308:
2297:
2288:
2250:Disputed by
2240:
2239:
2234:
2206:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2139:
2128:
2094:
2067:
2048:
2029:
2010:
1991:
1966:
1947:
1924:
1904:
1885:
1881:
1862:
1843:
1824:
1805:
1778:
1759:
1740:
1721:
1702:
1675:
1648:
1618:
1599:
1580:
1563:Gardner 2005
1558:
1546:
1539:Pollock 2015
1534:
1527:Richard 1992
1489:
1477:
1470:Strayer 1992
1449:Strayer 1992
1444:
1437:Strayer 1992
1432:
1425:Strayer 1992
1420:
1396:Strayer 1992
1376:
1330:
1308:Richard 1992
1288:
1259:
1232:
1220:
1213:Harding 1993
1208:
1181:
1169:
1162:Harding 1993
1157:
1150:Daniell 2003
1145:
1133:
1109:Strayer 1992
1104:
1097:Strayer 1992
1075:
1048:
1036:
1024:
997:
990:Baldwin 1991
985:
973:
946:
934:
915:
902:
876:
771:. They had:
766:
758:
747:
736:
719:
712:
684:
676:
633:
614:
576:
565:
546:
535:
516:
498:
466:
446:
426:
410:
402:Prince Louis
361:
350:
317:
313:
312:
239:
40:
3763:1226 deaths
3758:1187 births
3715:Charles III
3700:Edward VIII
3430:Alexander I
3410:Malcolm III
3385:Kenneth III
3285:Elizabeth I
3247:Richard III
2944:(1852â1870)
2918:(1830â1848)
2887:Louis XVIII
2867:Napoleon II
2808:(1589â1792)
2786:(1422â1453)
2731:Charles VII
2704:(1328â1589)
2578:Charles III
2563:Carloman II
2539:(Charles I)
2537:Charlemagne
2489:Chlothar IV
2444:Sigebert II
2434:Chlothar II
2419:Chilperic I
2409:Charibert I
1482:Jordan 1999
1413:Barber 2014
1381:Barber 2014
1369:Farmer 2017
1323:Jordan 1999
1237:Hanley 2016
1225:Hanley 2016
1201:Hanley 2016
1186:Hanley 2016
1174:Hanley 2016
1080:Warren 1997
1068:Warren 1997
1053:Warren 1997
1029:Barlow 1999
1017:Warren 1997
978:Hanley 2016
966:Hanley 2016
867:Forcalquier
656:La Rochelle
654:(in 1224),
624: 1332
530: 1236
477:La Rochelle
407:Early years
376:La Rochelle
366:gained him
146:Predecessor
110:Predecessor
3747:Categories
3690:Edward VII
3680:William IV
3670:George III
3599:Charles II
3494:Robert III
3440:Malcolm IV
3415:Donald III
3390:Malcolm II
3375:Kenneth II
3257:Henry VIII
3217:Richard II
3212:Edward III
3146:William II
3119:Harthacnut
2861:Napoleon I
2841:Louis XVII
2820:Louis XIII
2766:Charles IX
2761:Francis II
2726:Charles VI
2692:Charles IV
2667:Philip III
2657:Louis VIII
2622:Hugh Capet
2615:(987â1328)
2548:Charles II
2532:Carloman I
2514:Robertians
2439:Dagobert I
2424:Sigebert I
2404:Chlothar I
1494:Kelly 2017
1138:Jones 2012
927:References
568:Winchester
456:and Count
314:Louis VIII
133:(disputed)
98:Coronation
46:Louis VIII
3705:George VI
3675:George IV
3665:George II
3577:Charles I
3559:from 1603
3509:James III
3489:Robert II
3445:William I
3420:Duncan II
3348:Malcolm I
3338:Donald II
3262:Edward VI
3252:Henry VII
3237:Edward IV
3207:Edward II
3197:Henry III
3180:Richard I
3141:William I
3062:Ăthelstan
2898:Louis XIX
2892:Charles X
2835:Louis XVI
2825:Louis XIV
2771:Henry III
2751:Francis I
2746:Louis XII
2721:Charles V
2711:Philip VI
2672:Philip IV
2652:Philip II
2647:Louis VII
2627:Robert II
2558:Louis III
2520:(751â987)
2469:Clovis IV
2449:Clovis II
2387:(509â751)
2266:Henry III
2258:Henry III
2201:Philip II
2068:King John
1797:27211891M
1551:Lock 2006
1350:Rist 2016
739:dysentery
660:Saintonge
636:cathedral
613:from the
611:miniature
609:in 1223,
572:Henry III
392:dysentery
380:Languedoc
372:Saintonge
160:Henry III
156:Successor
120:Successor
114:Philip II
59:miniature
3695:George V
3685:Victoria
3660:George I
3529:James VI
3514:James IV
3504:James II
3477:David II
3472:Robert I
3461:Margaret
3395:Duncan I
3304:Donald I
3242:Edward V
3232:Henry VI
3222:Henry IV
3202:Edward I
3168:Henry II
3067:Edmund I
3056:Ălfweard
3014:monarchs
3008:Scottish
2830:Louis XV
2815:Henry IV
2756:Henry II
2736:Louis XI
2687:Philip V
2662:Louis IX
2642:Louis VI
2637:Philip I
2593:Louis IV
2583:Robert I
2553:Louis II
2518:Bosonids
2394:Clovis I
2310:Robert I
2283:Isabella
2218:Louis IX
2086:4298229M
1983:6941357M
1946:(2017).
1694:7348814M
1647:(1997).
863:Provence
850:Isabelle
842:Toulouse
838:Auvergne
830:Alphonse
824:Brittany
806:Mansoura
754:Louis IX
668:Bordeaux
648:Angevins
501:Narbonne
452:, Count
396:Louis IX
318:The Lion
188:, France
124:Louis IX
3613:Mary II
3519:James V
3499:James I
3435:David I
3400:Macbeth
3332:Eochaid
3227:Henry V
3162:Matilda
3156:Stephen
3151:Henry I
3012:British
3006:,
3004:English
2963:italics
2905:Henry V
2716:John II
2677:Louis X
2632:Henry I
2603:Louis V
2598:Lothair
2588:Rudolph
2543:Louis I
2414:Guntram
1975:5023824
1667:697996M
1637:388175M
1572:Sources
859:Charles
726:Avignon
722:Bourges
644:England
626:â1350 (
450:Otto IV
388:Gascony
328:), was
326:Le Lion
241:more...
228:
216:
82:(moreâŠ)
3524:Mary I
3405:Lulach
3369:AmlaĂb
3363:Cuilén
3353:Indulf
3279:Philip
3274:Mary I
3077:Eadwig
3072:Eadred
2682:John I
2298:Vacant
2256:&
2183:
2146:
2101:
2084:
2074:
2055:
2036:
2017:
1998:
1981:
1973:
1954:
1932:
1911:
1892:
1869:
1850:
1831:
1812:
1795:
1785:
1766:
1747:
1728:
1709:
1692:
1682:
1665:
1655:
1635:
1625:
1606:
1587:
873:Legacy
834:Poitou
810:Artois
802:Robert
792:Poissy
672:Quercy
652:Poitou
561:homage
532:â1259)
469:Angers
374:, and
368:Poitou
338:London
322:French
302:Mother
292:Father
222:
205:Spouse
193:Burial
3425:Edgar
3325:Giric
3191:Louis
3098:Sweyn
2185:Died:
2178:Born:
894:Notes
820:Maine
816:Anjou
796:Tunis
788:Louis
777:Donzy
733:Death
640:Reims
607:Reims
386:with
346:marks
286:Capet
281:House
235:Issue
226:)
218:(
214:
138:Reign
89:Reign
3655:Anne
3618:Anne
3611:and
3467:John
3276:and
3268:Jane
3185:John
3109:Cnut
2516:and
2254:John
2228:John
2144:ISBN
2099:ISBN
2072:ISBN
2053:ISBN
2034:ISBN
2015:ISBN
1996:ISBN
1971:OCLC
1952:ISBN
1930:ISBN
1909:ISBN
1890:ISBN
1867:ISBN
1848:ISBN
1829:ISBN
1810:ISBN
1783:ISBN
1764:ISBN
1745:ISBN
1726:ISBN
1707:ISBN
1680:ISBN
1653:ISBN
1623:ISBN
1604:ISBN
1585:ISBN
865:and
836:and
818:and
748:The
687:Jews
435:and
224:1200
180:Died
170:Born
150:John
3358:Dub
3318:Ăed
2573:Odo
638:at
605:at
3749::
2142:.
2127:.
2082:OL
2080:.
1979:OL
1977:.
1793:OL
1791:.
1690:OL
1688:.
1663:OL
1661:.
1633:OL
1631:.
1501:^
1456:^
1403:^
1388:^
1357:^
1342:^
1315:^
1300:^
1271:^
1244:^
1193:^
1116:^
1087:^
1060:^
1009:^
958:^
674:.
621:c.
619:,
527:c.
525:,
521:,
398:.
370:,
324::
220:m.
67:c.
65:,
2996:e
2989:t
2982:v
2965:.
2511:,
2341:e
2334:t
2327:v
2152:.
2107:.
2088:.
2061:.
2042:.
2023:.
2004:.
1985:.
1960:.
1938:.
1917:.
1898:.
1875:.
1856:.
1837:.
1818:.
1799:.
1772:.
1753:.
1734:.
1715:.
1696:.
1669:.
1639:.
1612:.
1593:.
910:.
826:.
790:(
630:)
320:(
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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