1951:
223:
Previous scholarship assumed that Marduk-kabit-ahheshu, the founder of the second dynasty of Isin, ruled for the first years of his reign concurrently with the last
Kassite king, but per Beaulieu (2018), more recent research suggests that this was not the case, necessitating a revised chronology of
143:
due to the coincidences of their length of reigns. For subsequent kings, the "prophecies" offer poor correlation with their reigns and known events. In this scheme, Marduk-zer-X is represented by King VI, whose text is very broken up but the rivers are said to have filled with silt. This
104:
are both damaged at this place in the sequence, hence the “x”. The reading of “zer” in his name by Poebel is almost as uncertain, as the character may be MU which would correspond to
128:. At present, there are no inscriptions that have been identified as contemporaneous with his reign and it is only his appearance on the king lists which identify him.
224:
the kings after Marduk-kabit-ahheshu. Marduk-zer-X has previously been dated to about 1046–1033 BC, with 1041–1030 BC being
Beaulieu's revised dates.
1588:
350:
1973:
317:
C.B.F. Walker (May 1982). "Babylonian
Chronicle 25: A Chronicle of the Kassite and Isin II Dynasties". In G. van Driel (ed.).
256:
246:
1609:
343:
289:
Cambridge
Ancient History, Volume 2, Part 2, History of the Middle East and the Aegean Region, c. 1380-1000 BC
1092:
1160:
1954:
1897:
1744:
1521:
843:
336:
1890:
1876:
1690:
1222:
815:
369:
28:
1925:
1834:
1581:
1514:
985:
374:
287:
D. J. Wiseman (1975). "XXXI: Assyria and
Babylonia, c. 1200-1000 BC". In I. E. S. Edwards (ed.).
1200:
1862:
1737:
1602:
1595:
1567:
939:
898:
830:
1820:
1775:
1711:
1574:
1507:
1244:
1146:
1141:
1122:
521:
438:
1651:
1010:
990:
934:
838:
791:
8:
1763:
1616:
1500:
1109:
1074:
1015:
848:
756:
1560:
1541:
1476:
1371:
1342:
962:
944:
868:
796:
771:
746:
140:
980:
1637:
1623:
1548:
1383:
1327:
1272:
1060:
1045:
1000:
916:
878:
863:
776:
766:
711:
701:
252:
136:
96:. The last part of his name is unknown, as the principal sources of information, the
50:
319:
Assyriological
Studies presented to F. R. Kraus on the occasion of his 70th birthday
1532:
1259:
1035:
1005:
995:
873:
858:
853:
716:
145:
1681:
1666:
1644:
1448:
1351:
1172:
1103:
1055:
1030:
1020:
954:
888:
801:
781:
741:
683:
614:
565:
453:
156:
113:
60:
1491:
1441:
1287:
1167:
1025:
786:
761:
736:
673:
665:
645:
1967:
1434:
1395:
1229:
1116:
911:
906:
632:
580:
570:
534:
1918:
1904:
1782:
1406:
1400:
1267:
1208:
1192:
1040:
972:
926:
731:
721:
660:
650:
542:
511:
481:
1911:
1848:
1806:
1730:
1718:
1697:
1358:
1282:
1277:
1178:
1135:
751:
726:
706:
678:
640:
529:
506:
501:
491:
135:
text refers to the kings of this dynasty with King III corresponding to
1869:
1855:
1841:
1813:
1751:
1461:
1185:
1050:
696:
466:
131:
There has been some speculation by Hallo, Younger, and others that the
88:
1041–1030 BC) was the 10th and penultimate king of the 2nd
Dynasty of
1827:
1799:
1630:
1454:
1427:
1420:
1413:
1292:
1215:
1128:
575:
557:
552:
496:
486:
461:
1883:
1389:
1377:
1152:
688:
599:
585:
547:
476:
328:
1365:
655:
622:
304:
Fictional
Akkadian autobiography: a generic and comparative study
109:
93:
67:
1314:
627:
471:
1704:
148:
as a usurper, a position undermined by the discovery of the
274:
A political history of post-Kassite
Babylonia, 1158-722 B.C
89:
73:
321:. Netherlands Institute for the Near East. p. 417.
1965:
144:reconstruction depends on the identification of
301:
271:
344:
316:
286:
1316:Babylon under foreign rule (539 BC – AD 224)
351:
337:
291:. Cambridge University Press. p. 471.
159:, whose relationship to him is uncertain.
251:. Pondicherry: Wiley. pp. 154–155.
244:
124:He ruled twelve years according to the
1966:
397:
295:
280:
1313:
332:
310:
248:A History of Babylon, 2200 BC - AD 75
173:
171:
358:
13:
1680:
613:
276:. Analecta Orientalia. p. 45.
168:
14:
1985:
1341:
1088:
1974:11th-century BC kings of Babylon
1950:
1949:
1258:
302:Tremper Longman (July 1, 1990).
162:
265:
238:
217:
195:
183:
1:
245:Beaulieu, Paul-Alain (2018).
231:
190:Synchronistic King List A.117
85:
39:
204:, tablet VAT 10179, KAR 421.
119:
7:
306:. Eisenbrauns. p. 161.
10:
1990:
1947:
1665:
1531:
1522:Antigonus I Monophthalmus
1490:
1475:
1326:
1322:
1309:
1243:
1073:
971:
953:
925:
897:
829:
814:
598:
520:
452:
437:
388:
384:
364:
66:
56:
46:
35:
26:
21:
816:Middle Babylonian period
370:List of kings of Babylon
210:
986:Ninurta-kudurri-usur II
272:J. A. Brinkman (1968).
102:Synchronistic King List
1603:Antiochus IV Epiphanes
1596:Seleucus IV Philopator
1568:Seleucus II Callinicus
940:Ninurta-kudurri-usur I
1712:Antiochus VII Sidetes
1575:Seleucus III Ceraunus
1508:Philip III Arrhidaeus
1245:Neo-Babylonian Empire
1147:Marduk-apla-iddina II
1142:Marduk-zakir-shumi II
1123:Marduk-apla-iddina II
439:Old Babylonian Empire
92:, the 4th Dynasty of
1652:Demetrius II Nicator
1011:Marduk-zakir-shumi I
991:Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina
935:Eulmash-shakin-shumi
839:Marduk-kabit-ahheshu
792:Marduk-apla-iddina I
155:He was succeeded by
1617:Antiochus V Eupator
1582:Antiochus III Megas
1110:Tiglath-Pileser III
1075:Neo-Assyrian period
1016:Marduk-balassu-iqbi
849:Ninurta-nadin-shumi
757:Shagarakti-Shuriash
1561:Antiochus II Theos
1542:Seleucus I Nicator
1477:Hellenistic period
1372:Nebuchadnezzar III
963:Mar-biti-apla-usur
945:Shirikti-shuqamuna
869:Marduk-shapik-zeri
844:Itti-Marduk-balatu
797:Zababa-shuma-iddin
772:Kadashman-Harbe II
747:Kadashman-Enlil II
114:Aššur-nasir-apli I
1961:
1960:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1672:(141 BC – AD 224)
1661:
1660:
1638:Demetrius I Soter
1624:Demetrius I Soter
1549:Antiochus I Soter
1471:
1470:
1384:Nebuchadnezzar IV
1317:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1273:Nebuchadnezzar II
1239:
1238:
1069:
1068:
1061:Nabu-suma-ukin II
1046:Nabu-shuma-ishkun
1001:Nabu-shuma-ukin I
917:Kashshu-nadin-ahi
879:Marduk-ahhe-eriba
864:Marduk-nadin-ahhe
810:
809:
777:Adad-shuma-iddina
767:Enlil-nadin-shumi
712:Kadashman-Enlil I
702:Kadashman-Harbe I
594:
593:
433:
432:
141:Marduk-šāpik-zēri
139:, and King IV to
137:Marduk-nādin-aḫḫē
112:contemporary was
79:
78:
51:Marduk-aḫḫē-erība
1981:
1953:
1952:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1324:
1323:
1315:
1311:
1310:
1256:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1161:Aššur-nādin-šumi
1086:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1036:Marduk-apla-usur
1006:Nabu-apla-iddina
996:Shamash-mudammiq
874:Adad-apla-iddina
859:Enlil-nadin-apli
854:Nebuchadnezzar I
827:
826:
823:
822:
717:Burna-Buriash II
611:
610:
607:
606:
539:Unknown king (?)
450:
449:
446:
445:
425:
420:
413:
395:
394:
386:
385:
359:Kings of Babylon
353:
346:
339:
330:
329:
323:
322:
314:
308:
307:
299:
293:
292:
284:
278:
277:
269:
263:
262:
242:
225:
221:
205:
199:
193:
187:
181:
175:
150:Walker Chronicle
146:Adad-apla-iddina
108:or similar. His
87:
41:
19:
18:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1931:
1671:
1670:
1669:
1667:Parthian period
1657:
1645:Alexander Balas
1527:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1467:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1318:
1297:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1235:
1201:Šamaš-šuma-ukin
1173:Mushezib-Marduk
1104:Nabu-mukin-zeri
1097:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1065:
1056:Nabu-nadin-zeri
1031:Marduk-bel-zeri
1021:Baba-aha-iddina
981:Nabû-mukin-apli
967:
949:
921:
893:
889:Nabu-shum-libur
820:
819:
818:
806:
802:Enlil-nadin-ahi
782:Adad-shuma-usur
742:Kadashman-Turgu
684:Kashtiliash III
604:
603:
602:
590:
566:Peshgaldaramesh
516:
443:
442:
441:
429:
428:
423:
416:
408:
400:
391:
380:
379:
360:
357:
327:
326:
315:
311:
300:
296:
285:
281:
270:
266:
259:
243:
239:
234:
229:
228:
222:
218:
213:
208:
200:
196:
192:, Assur 14646c,
188:
184:
176:
169:
165:
157:Nabû-šuma-libūr
122:
72:2nd Dynasty of
61:Nabû-šuma-libūr
29:King of Babylon
17:
16:King of Babylon
12:
11:
5:
1987:
1977:
1976:
1959:
1958:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1898:Parthamaspates
1894:
1887:
1880:
1873:
1866:
1859:
1852:
1845:
1838:
1831:
1824:
1817:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1779:
1772:
1767:
1760:
1755:
1748:
1745:Mithridates II
1741:
1734:
1727:
1722:
1715:
1708:
1701:
1694:
1686:
1684:
1675:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1634:
1627:
1620:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1552:
1545:
1537:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1504:
1496:
1494:
1485:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1458:
1452:
1445:
1442:Artaxerxes III
1438:
1431:
1424:
1417:
1410:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1386:
1381:
1374:
1369:
1362:
1355:
1347:
1345:
1336:
1328:Persian period
1320:
1319:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1295:
1290:
1288:Labashi-Marduk
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1264:
1262:
1253:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1226:
1223:Sîn-šumu-līšir
1219:
1212:
1205:
1196:
1189:
1182:
1175:
1170:
1168:Nergal-ushezib
1165:
1156:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1120:
1113:
1106:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1089:
1083:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1026:Ninurta-apla-X
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
977:
975:
969:
968:
966:
965:
959:
957:
951:
950:
948:
947:
942:
937:
931:
929:
923:
922:
920:
919:
914:
909:
903:
901:
895:
894:
892:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
835:
833:
824:
812:
811:
808:
807:
805:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
762:Kashtiliash IV
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
737:Nazi-Maruttash
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
691:
686:
681:
676:
674:Burnaburiash I
671:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
646:Kashtiliash II
643:
638:
635:
630:
625:
619:
617:
608:
605:(1729–1157 BC)
600:Kassite period
596:
595:
592:
591:
589:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
537:
532:
526:
524:
518:
517:
515:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
458:
456:
447:
444:(1894–1595 BC)
435:
434:
431:
430:
427:
426:
421:
414:
404:
403:
401:
398:
392:
389:
382:
381:
378:
377:
372:
366:
365:
362:
361:
356:
355:
348:
341:
333:
325:
324:
309:
294:
279:
264:
258:978-1405188999
257:
236:
235:
233:
230:
227:
226:
215:
214:
212:
209:
207:
206:
194:
182:
166:
164:
161:
121:
118:
77:
76:
70:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
48:
44:
43:
37:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1986:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1956:
1946:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1891:Vologases III
1888:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1879:
1878:
1877:Artabanus III
1874:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1691:Mithridates I
1688:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1668:
1664:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1501:Alexander III
1498:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1478:
1474:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1449:Artaxerxes IV
1446:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1435:Artaxerxes II
1432:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1396:Shamash-eriba
1394:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1312:
1308:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1246:
1242:
1232:
1231:
1230:Sinsharishkun
1227:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1157:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1117:Shalmaneser V
1114:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1076:
1072:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
978:
976:
974:
970:
964:
961:
960:
958:
956:
952:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
932:
930:
928:
924:
918:
915:
913:
912:Ea-mukin-zeri
910:
908:
907:Simbar-shipak
905:
904:
902:
900:
896:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
836:
834:
832:
828:
825:
821:(1157–732 BC)
817:
813:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:Kadashman-Sah
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
636:
634:
633:Kashtiliash I
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
620:
618:
616:
612:
609:
601:
597:
587:
584:
582:
581:Melamkurkurra
579:
577:
574:
572:
571:Ayadaragalama
569:
567:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
538:
536:
535:Itti-ili-nibi
533:
531:
528:
527:
525:
523:
519:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
459:
457:
455:
451:
448:
440:
436:
422:
419:
415:
412:
411:foreign ruler
406:
405:
402:
396:
393:
387:
383:
376:
373:
371:
368:
367:
363:
354:
349:
347:
342:
340:
335:
334:
331:
320:
313:
305:
298:
290:
283:
275:
268:
260:
254:
250:
249:
241:
237:
220:
216:
203:
198:
191:
186:
179:
174:
172:
167:
160:
158:
153:
151:
147:
142:
138:
134:
129:
127:
117:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
83:
75:
71:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
52:
49:
45:
38:
34:
31:
30:
25:
20:
1926:Artabanus IV
1924:
1919:Vologases VI
1917:
1910:
1905:Vologases IV
1903:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1861:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1835:Artabanus II
1833:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:Phraates III
1781:
1774:
1769:
1762:
1757:
1750:
1743:
1736:
1729:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1689:
1650:
1643:
1636:
1629:
1622:
1615:
1608:
1601:
1594:
1587:
1580:
1573:
1566:
1559:
1554:
1547:
1540:
1520:
1515:Alexander IV
1513:
1506:
1499:
1482:(331–141 BC)
1460:
1447:
1440:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1407:Artaxerxes I
1405:
1401:Bel-shimanni
1388:
1376:
1364:
1357:
1350:
1333:(539–331 BC)
1268:Nabopolassar
1250:(626–539 BC)
1228:
1221:
1214:
1209:Ashurbanipal
1207:
1199:
1198:
1193:Ashurbanipal
1191:
1184:
1177:
1159:
1158:
1151:
1134:
1127:
1115:
1108:
1080:(732–626 BC)
1041:Eriba-Marduk
884:Marduk-zer-X
883:
732:Kurigalzu II
722:Kara-hardash
670:Unknown king
661:Harba-Shipak
651:Urzigurumash
637:Unknown king
543:Damqi-ilishu
512:Samsu-Ditana
482:Sin-Muballit
417:
410:
407:Kings
375:Royal titles
318:
312:
303:
297:
288:
282:
273:
267:
247:
240:
219:
201:
197:
189:
185:
177:
163:Inscriptions
154:
149:
132:
130:
125:
123:
105:
101:
97:
82:Marduk-zer-X
81:
80:
42:1041–1030 BC
27:
22:Marduk-zer-X
1912:Vologases V
1863:Vologases I
1849:Gotarzes II
1807:Phraates IV
1738:Artabanus I
1731:Hyspaosines
1719:Phraates II
1698:Phraates II
1359:Cambyses II
1283:Neriglissar
1278:Amel-Marduk
1179:Sennacherib
1136:Sennacherib
787:Meli-Shipak
752:Kudur-Enlil
727:Nazi-Bugash
707:Kurigalzu I
679:Ulamburiash
666:Shipta'ulzi
641:Abi-Rattash
530:Ilum-ma-ili
507:Ammi-Saduqa
502:Ammi-Ditana
492:Samsu-iluna
418:vassal king
180:, BM 33332,
178:King List A
126:King List A
98:King List A
47:Predecessor
1870:Pacorus II
1856:Vonones II
1842:Vardanes I
1821:Orodes III
1814:Phraates V
1789:Piriustana
1776:Sinatruces
1758:Asi'abatar
1752:Gotarzes I
1462:Darius III
1186:Esarhaddon
1051:Nabonassar
697:Karaindash
467:Sumu-la-El
232:References
202:Prophecy A
133:Prophecy A
1828:Vonones I
1800:Orodes II
1794:Teleuniqe
1770:Ispubarza
1631:Timarchus
1610:Antiochus
1589:Antiochus
1455:Nidin-Bel
1428:Darius II
1421:Sogdianus
1414:Xerxes II
1293:Nabonidus
1216:Kandalanu
1129:Sargon II
576:Akurduana
558:Gulkishar
553:Shushushi
497:Abi-Eshuh
487:Hammurabi
462:Sumu-abum
120:Biography
57:Successor
1968:Category
1955:Category
1884:Osroes I
1764:Orodes I
1555:Seleucus
1390:Xerxes I
1378:Darius I
1352:Cyrus II
1153:Bel-ibni
689:Agum III
586:Ea-gamil
562:DIŠ+U-EN
548:Ishkibal
477:Apil-Sin
110:Assyrian
100:and the
1366:Bardiya
656:Agum II
623:Gandash
424:female)
399:Dynasty
94:Babylon
84:(ruled
1725:Ubulna
628:Agum I
472:Sabium
390:Period
255:
1705:Rinnu
211:Notes
68:House
36:Reign
1533:XIII
973:VIII
253:ISBN
106:šuma
90:Isin
74:Isin
1682:XIV
1492:XII
1457:(?)
955:VII
615:III
1970::
1343:XI
1093:IX
927:VI
831:IV
522:II
170:^
152:.
116:.
86:c.
40:c.
1260:X
899:V
454:I
409:(
352:e
345:t
338:v
261:.
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