499:
566:
108:
524:
25:
122:
207:
1308:
1262:
1422:
963:
1609:", so a common origin of the two diseases was established. Carrión kept a diary with detailed notes of his symptoms until the last days of his illness when his clinical condition worsened and he died of the disease on October 5, 1885. Through sacrifice he was recognised as a martyr of Peruvian medicine and in his honor Peruvian Medicine Day is celebrated on October 5.
1457:, books in which he makes a furious criticism of the political class, responsible, according to him, for the war. The religious institutions and writers of his time were not spared from his attacks either. His extremely critical stance in the field of ideas and literature made him win many enemies and got him into various journalistic controversies.
1963:, which sought to end the boundary conflict with that country. Peru gave up large portions of the disputed territory. The Ecuadorian Congress approved the treaty, but the Peruvian Congress, before approving it, made modifications to the line drawn, which was to the displeasure of Ecuador. The treaty was void and both parties resumed negotiations.
1591:
1496:(1892). She also wrote numerous articles and essays published in the press, on literary and social topics; She especially advocated for the emancipation of women, which is why she is among the first feminists in Peru. She was misunderstood at her time, being the target of criticism from male authors such as
2006:
Regarding foreign policy, he put his efforts into the execution of the Tacna and Arica plebiscite, whose 10-year period for its completion ended in 1894, in accordance with the provisions of the Treaty of Ancón. But the plebiscite would not take place then or ever, due to Chile's unilateral decision.
1468:
A notable characteristic of this period is the emergence of a group of female writers. Many of them—having lost their spouses and older children in the war with Chile—had to earn a living for themselves, and cultivated their literary vocation through gatherings. The main one was that of the
Argentine
1334:
and guano), in exchange for the complete extinction of their debt. Cáceres had to convene three extraordinary
Congresses and expel the opposition deputies so that Congress could ratify the contract in July 1889. For better administration of the resources they received, the English creditors converted
1143:, the same ones who had resisted the invaders until the end. This new militarism has the difficult task of recomposing the administrative and governmental apparatus of the State and of exercising its authority in order to achieve the participation of citizens to guide the nation towards its recovery.
1352:
In its essence, the new organisation of the economy combined the monopolisation of resources, a massive injection of foreign capital, an ability to subject traditional economies to its service, and a deep and complete subordination to the external market. From 1885 to 1895, silver, sugar and rubber,
1344:
With the issue of foreign debt thus settled, the
Peruvian ruling class understood that the country's future depended on the development of natural resources for export. Thus, the first foundations of a system of exploitation of resources and the native labor force began to be laid, which would reach
1248:
was established, who called elections in which Nicolás de Piérola was elected. He carried out important economic reforms and achieved political stability in the country, consolidating the presidential system. Piérola was the one who consolidated the
National Reconstruction, inaugurating a new stage
2082:
and launched his candidacy for the
Presidency of the Republic, counting on official support. Given the lack of guarantees for the other parties, they abstained from participating. Once the elections were held, Cáceres was triumphant, assuming the presidency for the second time, on August 10, 1894.
1688:
in unit production; In addition, its long and thick fiber was in great demand in spinning mills, since it did not break and was easy to manufacture. Finally, its cultivation required little water and was very rustic, so it could be planted in places that were previously not considered suitable for
1630:
invented the liquid fuel propulsion engine in 1895 and the first modern rocket propulsion system in 1900. He discovered the advantages of liquid fuel for rocket propulsion and designed, built and successfully tested the first liquid fuel rocket engine. liquid known in history. In 1902, he designed
1120:
maintains that militarism (the predominance of the military in power) arose in Peru due to the weakness of the civilian ruling class after a time of war, whether internal or external. He also points out three types of militarism that occurred in republican history: after a victory; after a defeat;
1277:
had ceased to be the main source of resources. Peru had declared bankruptcy in 1876 and, unable to pay its large external debt, decreed a moratorium. It was for this reason that the country's national defense was neglected and its squad could not modernised. Chile was also going through economic
195:
1286:
had approved the acquisition in 1871 of two armored frigates with which it obtained naval supremacy in the
Pacific. If already in the years prior to the conflict, the Peruvian economy was in a critical situation, with the development of the war it was practically destroyed.
1295:
cancel the debt. Peru was at a crossroads: it did not have the necessary resources to make that payment; and at the same time, it urgently required capital to reactivate its export economy, without which it was impossible to pay its debt. This amounted to about
2106:
On August 10, 1894, Cáceres assumed the presidency for the second time, amid popular discontent. The result of the 1894 elections was contested by the opponents of Cáceres, the Civil and
Democratic parties, who formed the National Coalition led by
2123:
he advanced to Lima, where he entered leading his troops through the
Portada de Cocharcas, on March 17, 1895. The fighting in the capital lasted for three days. Seeing the adverse situation, Cáceres resigned and went into exile.
1554:, where she exposes the situation of the Indians who suffered abuse from religious and political authorities. Although its technique and style were deficient, the work aroused interest not only in Peru, but in America and Europe.
1290:
After the war ended, Peru had to face a series of problems that existed before the outbreak of the conflict. The main one was precisely the external debt with
British creditors. These, once peace was signed, demanded that the
1076:
ended up completing the destruction that had begun with the economic crisis of the 1870s. By 1879, the
Peruvian banking system was bankrupt and agriculture, mining and commerce were barely surviving. At the end of the war and
1084:
Peru had lost its main natural resources, its main productive industries, trade had contracted, the main communication routes collapsed or destroyed, uncontrollable inflation and, above all, an enormous external debt with
193:
2136:
was in charge of commanding the Nation. This Government Board, as a transitional government body, did not carry out effective work and was content to preserve internal order and security. Its main task was the call for
1182:
broke out. Cáceres demonstrated his military strategy by putting Iglesias' main army out of action in the town of Huaripampa (central Peruvian mountains), an action known as the "huaripampeada" (1884). He then attacked
194:
1222:(1890–1894), to retain political control for almost a decade, in the midst of public peace. With the death of Morales Bermúdez, as a result of a sudden illness in April 1894, the political crisis began again.
2115:. Numerous groups of Montoneros emerged throughout the Republic. In the north, the band of Piuran landowners with the name Seminario, became famous. Piérola, who created the revolution from Chile, landed in
1353:
in this order, were the main Peruvian export products. At the same time, significant industrial development took place under the impulse of national capital, initially reflected in the textile sector.
1644:
1135:
The "Second Militarism" occurs after the defeat in the war against Chile and is divided into two moments: the first (1883–1885), which corresponds to the predominance of the "blue" military led by
1605:, a Peruvian medical student, was inoculated with the help of Evaristo Chávez, the secretion taken from a wart of the patient Carmen Paredes. After 3 weeks he developed the classic symptoms of "
565:
2074:
Borgoño's appointment was not well received by the members of Congress who adopted an attitude of open struggle against the new president. Borgoño, in response, suppressed Congress and called
1631:
his "torpedo plane" powered by a battery of rockets, mounted on a pivoting wing that allowed it to take off vertically, after which they rotated backwards to propel it into horizontal flight.
1108:, which had its greatest exponent in the automobile boom. Likewise, in these years the slow resurgence of sugar and cotton agroindustrial activity began on the northern coast of the country.
1829:
1659:
1440:(1844-1918), who cultivated a poetry that, due to its aestheticising themes and the introduction of new metric forms, was a clear precursor of modernism. Among his works in prose are:
1822:
The Departmental Boards were created in 1886 with the objective of decentralising the collection of contributions and investing them for the benefit of the tributary towns themselves.
1081:, life barely continued. The economic situation of the country after the war was quite precarious: the country felt the need to face a future of reconstruction in all its aspects.
1322:
So the settlement of the debt was of utmost urgency. This was understood by the first government of Andrés A. Cáceres, which devoted itself fully to the matter, until signing the
2057:
Morales Bermúdez did not finish his presidential term, as he died on April 1, 1894, victim of an illness, and was replaced in command by the second vice president, Colonel
1975:
1566:
1473:, in which social problems and the influence of European forms were discussed. They wrote novels that in some ways can be classified as realistic. Such is the case of:
1840:
747:
2141:. The National Coalition, maintaining the alliance, launched the candidacy of Piérola, who, without a challenger, was elected with an overwhelming majority.
1151:
After the catastrophic defeat against Chile, the person who had sufficient prestige and authority to restore social and political order in Peru was General
1763:
Establishment of the personal contribution and the “works of the republic” (communal tasks), which fell on the indigenous population, which occasioned the
817:
1442:
2003:
Shortly after assuming the presidency, a military mutiny occurred in the Santa Catalina Barracks, which was violently defeated (December 3, 1890).
1229:, Cáceres returned to the presidency in 1894, in disputed elections, which led to the formation of the National Coalition against him, made up of
1531:
1497:
1484:, was the initiator of the Peruvian realist novel. She wrote six novels of social content and critical intention, the most successful being
857:
1909:
991:
1032:, when an economic, political and social resurgence took place (although some historians extend it to 1919, when the presidency of
413:
2014:
Congress issued the Municipalities Law, on October 14, 1892, to allow the reestablishment of said entities throughout the country.
1206:
During his first constitutional government (1886–1890), Cáceres undertook National Reconstruction. He founded his own party, the
1096:
However, in these years new economic resources would appear to accelerate the country's economic recovery. The exploitation of
1664:
2361:
2306:
1139:, who signed peace with Chile; and the second (1886–1895) that corresponds to the predominance of the "reds" led by General
2215:
1812:
was signed with the bondholders of Peru's external debt. Railways, guano, jungle territories, etc. are given in concession.
1086:
1756:, after the vandalism and looting it suffered at the hands of the Chileans. Other study centers were also reborn, such as
2138:
2112:
2075:
1967:
1775:
1578:
1241:
broke out that culminated in the coalition's assault on Lima, before which Cáceres resigned and went into exile in 1895.
1238:
1179:
1029:
1025:
607:
426:
361:
949:
2008:
1960:
2731:
1834:
1753:
68:
46:
1993:, could not participate in the elections because he was in prison. Once these were done, Morales Bermúdez triumphed.
39:
1778:
broke out. The government troops of Iglesias faced the revolutionaries of General Andrés A. Cáceres, who triumphed.
1757:
1703:, which he titled "Project of the Hydro-Electro-Chemical Installation of the Pato Canyon on the Santa-Perú River" (
325:
1845:
1283:
827:
807:
797:
777:
697:
687:
667:
637:
1502:
1896:
1792:
1279:
1200:
916:
1980:
2777:
1477:
984:
121:
1696:
146:
1854:
1816:
1613:
1571:
1250:
1129:
1105:
939:
767:
627:
517:
470:
452:
264:
1956:
1557:
400:
2062:
1796:
1738:
Beginning of the reorganisation of the public administration, whose structure had been broken by the war.
1621:
1207:
1152:
1140:
921:
906:
787:
1971:
1219:
1104:
on the north coast began. The exploitation of both natural resources is linked to the phenomenon of the
107:
2160:
1904:
1725:
1525:, was a traditionist and journalist, precursor or founder of literary indigenism. She is the author of
1078:
727:
504:
2763:. Vol. 11: La República Aristocrática (1st ed.). Lima: Editorial Milla Batres. pp. es.
1927:
1880:
1787:
After the civil war, the provisional government of the Council of Ministers was installed, headed by
1361:
1602:
1594:
1341:, the most important British company that was created to implement the agreements of said contract.
206:
1742:
1518:
1253:(both terms coined by Basadre), which would last during the first two decades of the 20th century.
977:
911:
545:
33:
2078:
to elect the new President and a new parliament. Months earlier, General Cáceres had arrived from
1437:
1425:
888:
2108:
1990:
1861:
1234:
1230:
1188:
883:
657:
439:
174:
1191:. He resigned from the presidency in 1885, being succeeded by the provisional government of the
2032:
The construction of roads to the Amazon was intensified and the road to Pichis was inaugurated.
1670:
1331:
50:
1273:
Years before the outbreak of the War of the Pacific, the Peruvian economy was severely hit as
1470:
1132:, to which were added the civil and international wars of the first decades of the Republic.
944:
2058:
1926:
The Santa Catalina National Fabric Factory was founded on the corner of Jr. Andahuaylas and
1330:
ceded control and administration of its main productive resources to its English creditors (
1226:
1709:
Proyecto de la Instalación Hidro-Electro-Química del Cañón del Pato sobre el río Santa-Perú
1681:
1606:
1511:. This pushed her to isolate herself. In addition, she began to suffer the consequences of
1337:
1311:
878:
647:
587:
127:
1946:
1447:
1033:
8:
1700:
1677:
1292:
707:
617:
2724:
2155:
1635:
1093:
fifty million, which made it impossible for Peru to receive new international credits.
1073:
1017:
847:
737:
717:
677:
577:
1732:
1167:
1021:
348:
2727:
1884:
1381:
1214:. But his access to State control implied the establishment of a political pact with
837:
274:
237:
1690:
1156:
2150:
1888:
1764:
1704:
1536:
1458:
1357:
1266:
1125:
1061:
1053:
1041:
1009:
374:
256:
227:
1617:
1421:
2023:
that limited the arbitrary imprisonment of those accused of common crimes (1893).
1986:
1693:) spread quickly through the coastal valleys, contributing to a new cotton boom.
1648:
1515:
that her own husband gave her, and she was confined in an asylum, where she died.
1346:
1307:
1304:
two and a half million, a sum that was then impossible for the country to raise.
1215:
1192:
1163:
1136:
554:
296:
249:
2133:
1809:
1795:, in which Cáceres participated as the sole candidate, with the support of the
1788:
1680:, after 10 years of research, discovered a variety of cotton that resisted the
1327:
1323:
1315:
1301:
1297:
1245:
1196:
1090:
387:
311:
1174:
by ceding territory and had asserted himself in power with the support of the
2771:
2716:
2087:
2019:
1746:
1508:
1261:
1218:. It was this consensus that allowed Cáceres and his successor, then Colonel
1117:
261:
1638:
began his botanical research in Peru. In 1911 he published his masterpiece,
1590:
2120:
2086:
During his tenure, the following were incorporated into the service of the
1627:
1175:
113:
1914:
1685:
1433:
1300:
37 million, the annual amortisation of which required a payment of about
967:
597:
2349:
1930:(1889). The Vitarte weaving factory was acquired by the English company
1653:
Die Pflanzenwelt des peruanischen Anden in ihren Grundzügen Dargestellt
2563:
2551:
2539:
2503:
2491:
2431:
2404:
2392:
2026:
The spread of primary education was encouraged, creating some schools.
2220:
2199:
Bonilla, Heraclio (1985). "Guano y crisis en el Perú del siglo XIX".
2116:
2101:
1974:, who had official support, presented himself as a candidate, as did
1782:
1101:
2611:
2609:
2594:
2313:
2245:
2243:
1802:
1768:
2294:
2282:
2272:
2270:
2228:
2051:
2036:
1561:
1512:
1481:
267:
2745:(in Spanish) (5th ed.). Lima: Instituto de Estudios Peruanos.
2621:
2527:
2467:
2455:
2443:
2380:
2368:
1952:
Repatriation of the remains of those killed during the war (1890).
1684:(a fungus that had destroyed numerous plantations), and surpassed
2681:
2657:
2633:
2606:
2240:
2040:
244:
2325:
2267:
2255:
2173:
2669:
2079:
1942:
1876:
1405:
1393:
1385:
1377:
1369:
1097:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2203:(in Spanish) (4th ed.). Lima: Mosaca Azul Editores S.R.L.
1436:
emerged in the literary field. The leader of this reaction is
1024:
on October 20, 1883. It takes place between the civil wars of
2044:
1522:
1462:
1401:
1397:
1274:
1171:
2127:
1997:
1719:
2693:
2645:
2575:
2515:
2337:
1640:
The Flora of the Peruvian Andes in its Fundamental Features
1550:(1893). The most notable and controversial of her works is
1389:
1373:
1365:
1184:
217:
2069:
1871:
A telephone service was installed in Lima (1888), run by
2421:
2419:
2360:
sfn error: no target: CITEREFContreras_&_Cueto2013 (
2305:
sfn error: no target: CITEREFContreras_&_Cueto2013 (
2216:"La Reconstrucción Nacional: la economía de exportación"
1699:
published a study on the hydroelectric potential of the
1364:, exports were more diversified. The mountains supplied
2479:
2017:
A law was approved that introduced the legal remedy of
2007:
This issue would since then be the main concern of the
2754:(in Spanish) (2nd ed.). Lima: Editorial Jurídica.
1825:
He promoted the creation of workshop or craft schools.
2416:
2355:
2300:
2061:, with the postponement of the first vice president
1815:
Fiscal bills were abolished, which were replaced by
1461:
was also developed, in a rather tenuous way, in the
1036:begins). During this period, what was known as the
2102:Second Government of Andrés A. Cáceres (1894–1895)
1783:Government of the Council of Ministers (1885–1886)
2029:Laws were given to protect industry and commerce.
1866:Peruvian Electric Construction and Supply Company
1803:First Government of Andrés A. Cáceres (1886–1890)
2769:
1314:-administered railroad after the signing of the
2740:
2035:The construction of the railways from Lima to
1934:(1890), which gave the industry a great boost.
1244:The government of a National Junta chaired by
1187:, where his forces surrounded Iglesias in the
2721:Historia de la República del Perú (1822–1933)
1799:that he had just founded. Cáceres triumphed.
1714:
1465:, which became popular from then on in Peru.
985:
169:
141:
88:
2749:
2699:
2675:
2651:
2588:
2521:
2343:
1335:their foreign debt bonds into shares of the
1345:its most complete consolidation during the
992:
978:
205:
2741:Contreras, Carlos; Cueto, Marcos (2013).
2194:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2128:Government of the Government Junta (1895)
2054:was provided with drinking water service.
1998:Government of Remigio Morales (1890–1894)
1860:Electric lighting was inaugurated in the
1720:Government of Miguel Iglesias (1883–1885)
1062:that which followed Peruvian Independence
1020:, which ended through the signing of the
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
1923:The first bicycles were imported (1889).
1589:
1564:, is the author of the historical novel
1420:
1306:
1260:
1121:and in times of crisis or social chaos.
32:This article includes a list of general
16:Period of the history of Peru, 1884–1895
2715:
2687:
2663:
2639:
2627:
2615:
2600:
2569:
2557:
2545:
2533:
2509:
2497:
2473:
2461:
2449:
2437:
2410:
2398:
2386:
2374:
2331:
2319:
2288:
2276:
2261:
2249:
2234:
2198:
2179:
2070:Government of Justiniano Borgoño (1894)
1875:. The first subscribers lived in Lima,
1689:cotton. Their "special" cotton (called
1016:) is given to the period following the
2770:
2758:
2752:Historia del Perú. República 1822-1968
2485:
2425:
2213:
2185:
1765:rebellion of Atusparia and Uchcu Pedro
1368:(from sheep and camelids) and metals (
335:
1203:in which Cáceres won overwhelmingly.
1752:Reopening and reconstruction of the
1128:" occurred after the victory in the
1111:
18:
1741:Restructuring and reopening of the
1146:
13:
1791:. The Council of Ministers called
1774:As soon as the Chileans withdrew,
1432:After the war, a reaction against
1256:
884:History of the Viceroyalty of Peru
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
2789:
2725:Empresa Editora El Comercio S. A.
1907:was reopened (1889). The warship
1903:The army was reorganised and the
1830:Tribunal of the Consulate of Lima
1754:National University of San Marcos
1660:Seismological Observatory of Lima
1233:and civilists, led by the leader
1162:Cáceres faced the then president
828:Return to democracy and terrorism
2214:Orrego, Juan Luis (2008-09-10).
1939:London Pacific Petroleum Company
1758:College of Our Lady of Guadalupe
1411:
1048:) took place, also known as the
961:
564:
522:
497:
191:
120:
106:
23:
2743:Historia del Perú contemporáneo
2709:
2201:Nueva Historia General del Perú
2011:, extending over three decades.
1745:, a task that was entrusted to
1282:(1865-1866), the government of
889:History of the Republic of Peru
2207:
2132:A Government Junta chaired by
159:"Firm and Happy for the Union"
1:
2166:
1839:was abolished (1887) and the
1620:wrote about the geography of
1478:Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera
1416:
1360:, which would last until the
1278:difficulties, but, after the
1067:
1855:Geographical Society of Lima
1614:Geographical Society of Lima
1106:Second Industrial Revolution
842:1980–2000, 2002–
628:Peruvian War of Independence
7:
2750:Rivera Serna, Raúl (1975).
2144:
2063:Pedro Alejandrino del Solar
1624:in the society's bulletin.
1225:After a brief period under
1155:, known as the hero of the
668:Peru–Bolivian Confederation
10:
2794:
2759:Guerra, Margarita (1984).
2356:Contreras & Cueto 2013
2301:Contreras & Cueto 2013
2161:Chilean occupation of Peru
1726:Miguel Iglesias government
1723:
1715:Important works and events
1697:Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo
1585:
1284:Federico Errázuriz Zañartu
1280:Spanish–South American War
1089:creditors, which exceeded
879:History of the Inca Empire
505:Chilean occupation of Peru
147:Firme y feliz por la unión
2761:Historia General del Perú
2094:and the wooden transport
2009:Peruvian Foreign Ministry
1989:. Piérola, leader of the
1968:general elections of 1890
1567:Jorge, el hijo del pueblo
1560:(1861-1947), a native of
1558:María Nieves y Bustamante
1362:Wall Street Crash of 1929
1356:In this new stage of the
1326:, by virtue of which the
1058:Militarismo de la derrota
858:Peruvian political crisis
476:
466:
462:
449:
436:
423:
410:
397:
384:
371:
358:
345:
341:
331:
321:
317:
302:
287:
283:
273:
255:
243:
233:
223:
213:
204:
187:"National Anthem of Peru"
163:
136:
102:
97:
83:
1985:, representative of the
1976:Francisco Rosas Balcázar
1972:Remigio Morales Bermúdez
1841:Lima Chamber of Commerce
1519:Clorinda Matto de Turner
1220:Remigio Morales Bermúdez
1050:Militarism of the defeat
818:Revolutionary Government
1669:was inaugurated at the
1265:Destroyed buildings in
1014:Reconstrucción Nacional
1006:National Reconstruction
788:Ecuadorian–Peruvian War
758:National Reconstruction
658:Supreme Governing Junta
175:Himno Nacional del Perú
53:more precise citations.
2723:(9th ed.). Lima:
2572:, Vol. 10, p. 168–169.
2560:, Vol. 10, p. 194–196.
2548:, Vol. 10, p. 206–207.
2512:, Vol. 10, p. 215–217.
2500:, Vol. 10, p. 208–209.
2440:, Vol. 10, p. 138–139.
2413:, Vol. 10, p. 139–140.
2401:, Vol. 10, p. 128–129.
1708:
1671:Park of the Exhibition
1652:
1616:was founded. In 1904,
1603:Daniel Alcides Carrión
1598:
1595:Daniel Alcides Carrión
1579:civil war of 1856–1858
1429:
1319:
1270:
1153:Andrés Avelino Cáceres
1141:Andrés Avelino Cáceres
1057:
1045:
1013:
917:Constitutional history
170:
142:
89:
1957:García–Herrera Treaty
1593:
1527:Tradiciones cuzqueñas
1521:(1852–1909), born in
1480:(1845–1909), born in
1471:Juana Manuela Gorriti
1438:Manuel González Prada
1426:Manuel González Prada
1424:
1380:), among others. The
1310:
1264:
1251:Aristocratic Republic
1166:, who had signed the
808:Moderate civil reform
768:Aristocratic Republic
588:Ancient civilizations
362:Conservatives revolts
224:Common languages
2778:19th century in Peru
2603:, Vol. 11, p. 13–14.
2322:, Vol. 10, p. 18–26.
2291:, Vol. 10, p. 50–51.
2237:, Vol. 10, p. 53–56.
1955:On May 2, 1890, the
1797:Constitutional Party
1338:Peruvian Corporation
1312:Peruvian Corporation
1193:Council of Ministers
648:Protectorate of Peru
602:1438–1533/1572
582:12000 BCE–1532
440:Piérola takes office
2111:, thus beginning a
1900:was founded (1888).
1857:was founded (1888).
1850:was created (1888).
1767:, in the region of
1735:(October 20, 1883).
1577:(1892), set in the
1293:Peruvian government
1208:Constitutional (or
1130:war of independence
1079:military occupation
1046:Segundo militarismo
907:Demographic history
873:By political entity
748:Peruvian Resistance
708:Chincha Islands War
638:Foundational Period
592:3500 BCE–1470
414:Plebiscite deadline
2678:, p. 155–157.
2630:, Vol. 10, p. 196.
2536:, Vol. 10, p. 156.
2476:, Vol. 10, p. 142.
2464:, Vol. 10, p. 139.
2452:, Vol. 10, p. 129.
2389:, Vol. 10, p. 234.
2377:, Vol. 10, p. 117.
2358:, p. 183–185.
2252:, Vol. 10, p. 289.
2156:War of the Pacific
2109:Nicolás de Piérola
2059:Justiniano Borgoño
1636:Augusto Weberbauer
1599:
1430:
1320:
1271:
1235:Nicolás de Piérola
1227:Justiniano Borgoño
1100:in the jungle and
1074:War of the Pacific
1018:War of the Pacific
798:Odría Dictatorship
738:Occupation of Lima
728:Occupation of Peru
718:War of the Pacific
578:Pre-Columbian Peru
453:López takes office
2700:Rivera Serna 1975
2690:, Vol. 11, p. 25.
2676:Rivera Serna 1975
2666:, Vol. 11, p. 18.
2652:Rivera Serna 1975
2642:, Vol. 11, p. 17.
2618:, Vol. 11, p. 16.
2589:Rivera Serna 1975
2522:Rivera Serna 1975
2344:Rivera Serna 1975
2279:, Vol. 10, p. 50.
2264:, Vol. 9, p. 279.
2182:, Vol. 10, p. 14.
2139:general elections
2113:violent civil war
2076:general elections
1949:oil wells (1890).
1947:La Brea y Pariñas
1817:metallic currency
1793:general elections
1490:Las consecuencias
1189:Government Palace
1112:Second Militarism
1060:) in contrast to
1038:Second Militarism
1034:Augusto B. Leguía
1002:
1001:
866:
865:
838:Internal conflict
538:
537:
534:
533:
530:
529:
510:
509:
401:Ecuadorian treaty
375:Atusparía revolts
336:Second Militarism
326:National Congress
307:
292:
289:• 1883–1885
238:Roman Catholicism
196:
90:República Peruana
85:Peruvian Republic
79:
78:
71:
2785:
2764:
2755:
2746:
2737:
2703:
2697:
2691:
2685:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2661:
2655:
2649:
2643:
2637:
2631:
2625:
2619:
2613:
2604:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2573:
2567:
2561:
2555:
2549:
2543:
2537:
2531:
2525:
2519:
2513:
2507:
2501:
2495:
2489:
2488:, p. 61–62.
2483:
2477:
2471:
2465:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2435:
2429:
2423:
2414:
2408:
2402:
2396:
2390:
2384:
2378:
2372:
2366:
2365:
2353:
2347:
2341:
2335:
2334:, Vol. 9, p. 26.
2329:
2323:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2298:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2265:
2259:
2253:
2247:
2238:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2196:
2183:
2177:
2151:First Militarism
1991:Democratic Party
1984:
1959:was signed with
1918:
1873:Bacigalupi y Cía
1849:
1838:
1743:National Library
1668:
1647:
1601:In August 1885,
1575:
1540:
1506:
1459:Literary realism
1451:
1358:Peruvian economy
1239:bloody civil war
1199:), which called
1157:Breña resistance
1147:Political aspect
1126:First Militarism
994:
987:
980:
966:
965:
964:
912:Economic history
688:Military Anarchy
608:Spanish conquest
574:
573:
568:
558:
540:
539:
526:
525:
514:
513:
501:
500:
494:
493:
478:
477:
458:8 September 1899
445:8 September 1895
305:
290:
209:
198:
197:
185:
181:
179:
173:
157:
153:
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145:
124:
110:
92:
81:
80:
74:
67:
63:
60:
54:
49:this article by
40:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
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2147:
2130:
2117:Puerto Caballas
2104:
2072:
2000:
1987:Civilista Party
1978:
1945:to exploit the
1932:Peruvian Cotton
1912:
1905:Military School
1864:(1886), by the
1843:
1832:
1805:
1785:
1733:Treaty of Ancón
1731:Signing of the
1728:
1722:
1717:
1662:
1643:
1588:
1569:
1534:
1529:and the novels
1500:
1445:
1419:
1414:
1347:First World War
1259:
1257:Economic aspect
1164:Miguel Iglesias
1149:
1137:Miguel Iglesias
1114:
1070:
1022:Treaty of Ancón
998:
968:Peru portal
962:
960:
955:
954:
935:
927:
926:
902:
894:
893:
874:
848:Economic crisis
832:1980–2000
822:1968–1980
812:1956–1968
802:1948–1956
782:1919–1930
772:1895–1919
762:1884–1895
752:1881–1883
742:1881–1883
732:1879–1883
722:1879–1883
712:1865–1879
702:1845–1866
692:1841–1845
682:1839–1841
672:1836–1839
662:1822–1823
652:1821–1822
642:1821–1842
632:1809–1826
622:1542–1824
612:1532–1572
556:
549:
523:
498:
455:
442:
432:24 October 1894
429:
427:Piérola revolts
416:
403:
393:25 October 1888
390:
377:
364:
354:20 October 1883
351:
349:Treaty of Ancón
308:
297:Miguel Iglesias
293:
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45:Please help to
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11:
5:
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2717:Basadre, Jorge
2711:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2702:, p. 157.
2692:
2680:
2668:
2656:
2654:, p. 155.
2644:
2632:
2620:
2605:
2593:
2591:, p. 154.
2574:
2562:
2550:
2538:
2526:
2524:, p. 153.
2514:
2502:
2490:
2478:
2466:
2454:
2442:
2430:
2428:, p. 103.
2415:
2403:
2391:
2379:
2367:
2348:
2346:, p. 150.
2336:
2324:
2312:
2303:, p. 188.
2293:
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2184:
2171:
2170:
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2158:
2153:
2146:
2143:
2134:Manuel Candamo
2129:
2126:
2103:
2100:
2090:: the warship
2071:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2055:
2048:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2015:
2012:
2004:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1964:
1953:
1950:
1935:
1924:
1921:
1901:
1897:Banco Italiano
1892:
1869:
1862:centre of Lima
1858:
1851:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1813:
1810:Grace Contract
1804:
1801:
1789:Antonio Arenas
1784:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1772:
1761:
1750:
1739:
1736:
1724:Main article:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1701:Cañón del Pato
1691:Tangüis cotton
1678:Fermín Tangüis
1587:
1584:
1583:
1582:
1555:
1516:
1494:El conspirador
1455:Horas de lucha
1443:Pájinas libres
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1328:Peruvian State
1324:Grace Contract
1316:Grace Contract
1258:
1255:
1246:Manuel Candamo
1197:Antonio Arenas
1148:
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778:New Motherland
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388:Grace Contract
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367:27 August 1884
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332:Historical era
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31:
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15:
9:
6:
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2:
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2779:
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2735:
2733:9972-205-74-6
2729:
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2701:
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2689:
2684:
2677:
2672:
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2028:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2020:habeas corpus
2016:
2013:
2010:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1920:also arrived.
1919:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1856:
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1847:
1842:
1836:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1747:Ricardo Palma
1744:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1712:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1692:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1674:
1672:
1666:
1661:
1658:In 1908, the
1656:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1623:
1622:Madre de Dios
1619:
1618:Scipión Llona
1615:
1612:In 1888, the
1610:
1608:
1604:
1596:
1592:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1552:Aves sin nido
1549:
1545:
1541:
1538:
1533:
1532:Aves sin nido
1528:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1509:Ricardo Palma
1504:
1499:
1498:Juan de Arona
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1427:
1423:
1412:Social aspect
1409:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
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1383:
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1371:
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1160:
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1127:
1122:
1119:
1118:Jorge Basadre
1109:
1107:
1103:
1099:
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1080:
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983:
981:
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969:
959:
958:
951:
948:
946:
945:Years in Peru
943:
941:
938:
937:
931:
930:
923:
922:Peruvian wars
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
904:
898:
897:
890:
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621:
619:
616:
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611:
609:
606:
605:
601:
599:
596:
595:
591:
589:
586:
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2180:Basadre 2005
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2092:Constitución
2091:
2085:
2073:
2050:The city of
2018:
1938:
1931:
1908:
1895:
1872:
1865:
1786:
1711:), in 1915.
1695:
1675:
1657:
1639:
1633:
1628:Pedro Paulet
1626:
1611:
1600:
1565:
1551:
1547:
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1384:contributed
1355:
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1321:
1289:
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1209:
1205:
1176:Chilean Army
1168:peace treaty
1161:
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1083:
1071:
1049:
1037:
1005:
1004:The name of
1003:
950:Coups d'état
757:
487:Succeeded by
486:
481:
380:1 March 1885
304:• 1895
265:presidential
164:
138:Motto:
137:
128:Coat of arms
65:
56:
37:
2486:Guerra 1984
2426:Guerra 1984
1979: [
1941:settled in
1928:Grau Avenue
1913: [
1844: [
1833: [
1686:Pima cotton
1682:cotton wilt
1663: [
1607:Oroya fever
1570: [
1546:(1891) and
1535: [
1501: [
1492:(1890) and
1446: [
1434:romanticism
1249:called the
1195:(headed by
862:2016–
678:Restoration
618:Viceroyalty
598:Inca Empire
555:History of
482:Preceded by
322:Legislature
51:introducing
2167:References
2047:continued.
1970:, General
1889:Chorrillos
1881:Miraflores
1486:Blanca Sol
1417:Literature
1396:. And the
1267:Chorrillos
1178:. Thus, a
1116:Historian
1068:Background
419:March 1894
406:2 May 1890
257:Government
245:Demonym(s)
34:references
2221:Blog PUCP
2119:and from
2039:and from
1776:civil war
1676:In 1911,
1645:‹See Tfd›
1634:In 1901,
1332:railroads
1231:democrats
1210:Cacerista
1201:elections
1180:civil war
1030:1894–1895
1026:1884–1885
698:Guano Era
275:President
234:Religion
184:(Spanish)
156:(Spanish)
98:1884–1895
2772:Category
2719:(2005).
2145:See also
2052:Arequipa
2037:La Oroya
1885:Barranco
1562:Arequipa
1548:Herencia
1542:(1899),
1513:syphilis
1488:(1888),
1482:Moquegua
1216:civilism
940:Timeline
934:See also
901:By topic
546:a series
544:Part of
467:Currency
268:republic
250:Peruvian
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2121:Chincha
2096:Chalaco
2041:Juliaca
1966:In the
1961:Ecuador
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1877:Callao
1769:Áncash
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1394:rubber
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