2178:
information in the employment data and students' cognitive skills (e.g. student skills in reading, math and sciences) has replaced students' reading skills to have a broader view." Some argue that some of the criteria are vague and question the purpose of such measures, it is questioned "what really constitutes "environmental quality"? Can it result in a population control policy to minimize damage to the environment? While others argue that the Better Life Index unlike the Gross
National Happiness Index does not pay attention to religion. Critics also state that the Better Life Index ignores good family life or moral formation. Others have criticized its methodology such as the use of relative scores instead of absolute ones.
333:
856:
536:
696:
25:
616:
103:. The data used in the report consists of 80+ indicators including measures on inequality and further socio-economic indicators. The findings reflect what is important to citizens, and how their current socio-economic situations reflect in the areas of governance that they prioritise. These insights are then used to guide governments to put well-being at the centre of their policymaking by shedding light on what well-being means to their citizens. In this way, by using the tool, citizens can shape public policy.
976:
1336:
1016:
776:
2056:
936:
1656:
896:
1576:
1256:
1976:
1616:
1496:
736:
1696:
1096:
576:
1296:
1136:
656:
1936:
1736:
1376:
2016:
1896:
496:
1816:
1056:
816:
1856:
1536:
1776:
1176:
1416:
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1216:
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The insights provided by user inputs into the platform have been praised to effectively depict collective citizen definitions of well-being. The initiative and index has gone some way to moving the public debate, though the platform is not well advertised and does not appear in the top results of web
2121:
Each of the member countries is facing a very different reality however, and those countries showing improvements tend also to be those that had weaker well-being initially; they are concentrated in eastern Europe, so countries are catching up. The gap, between those improving and those that are not,
198:
Users create their own economic indexes by scoring each of the 11 topics from 0 to 5, where 0 reflects that this topic is not important to the user and 5 it is very important. The tool shows countries ranked in a chart where each of the nations is represented by a flower, and each of the topics is a
2148:
The report highlights differences in gender, age, education and between the top and bottom performers of well-being outcomes. Income inequality has barely changed since 2010 and those in the top 20% earn 6 times more than those in the bottom 20%. Women have more social connections and earn 13% less
265:
Each of the 11 topics consists of between 1-4 individual measures that make up that topic. The individual measures come in many units (percent, dollar, years etc.) and so to calculate the total score for that topic, the measures are normalised, resulting in a score χ between 0 and 1 per measure. If
2173:
of 2013. Observers argue that "the 11 dimensions still cannot fully capture what is truly important to a populace, such as social networks that sustain relationships, and freedom of speech.". Various critics have pointed out that the OECD's BLI does not include such dimensions as poverty, economic
2160:
From an econometric point of view, the Index seems similar to other efforts aimed at substituting or complementing the gross domestic product (GDP) measure by an econometric model for measuring the happiness and well-being of the population. One major criticism is that the Better Life Index uses a
94:
Users can create their own economic index by ranking 11 areas of socio-economic progress by what is important to them. This generates a ranking so users can see how their country compares. Users are encouraged to share their indicators with others on the platform to view the latter's and discuss
328:
The data shown below are the current rankings per country and topic for the year 2020. Each topic is given a score calculated from the indices used to create the topic group, you can find the raw data on the OECD Better Life Index website. The rankings given below are calculated giving an equal
2177:
In 2012 OECD relaunched "with new indicators on inequality and gender plus rankings for Brazil and Russia. Some indicators have been removed or updated, Governance has been renamed civic engagement, the employment rate of women with children has been replaced by the full integration of gender
2138:
A significant minority of men, 12%, and women, 15% report having more negative than positive feelings in a typical day and though life satisfaction has overall improved since 2010, 7% of people report very low levels of life satisfaction across the OECD
98:
Users can also choose to share their data with OECD and will then be asked to provide more demographic data about their situation. The OECD Better Life
Initiative then analyses all users input data and reports the findings in a bi-annual report named
307:
88:
269:
For each topic, the score are then added up and divided by the total number of measures used to make up that topic, this gives the total score for the topic. For example, a countries score for health would be calculated by:
260:
111:
First published on 24 May 2011, the index consists of 11 topics of well-being. Each of the 11 topics is made up of 1-4 indices and these are fine-tuned over time as insights are derived from data collected in previous years.
66:
The platform consists of a dashboard, that provides data and insights into key indicators - measuring areas such as wellbeing, environmental quality, quality of public services and security - alongside an interactive tool
2134:
There is a worrying trend of decline of time spent socialising with people spending almost half an hour less a week with friends and family than in 2010 whilst 1/11 people say they don't have friends or family to rely
82:
failed to give a true account of people's current and future well-being. The initiative's goals are to develop social and wellbeing indicators that can better reflect growth focusing on four key areas;
91:
to economic progress is relatively new and the OECD Better Life
Initiative promotes the co-production of what we might standardise by facilitating conversation between the public and policymakers.
75:
3117:
3208:
3112:
2942:
273:
3016:
2845:
60:
2185:
As increases in inequality and climate change force us to reconsider our ideas of growth and progress the OECD Better Life Index may become more mainstream.
210:
The score that the user inputs for a topic is then used to calculate the weighting for that topic in the index. The weights are calculated using the formula
115:
Initially, each of the 11 topics are equally weighted to generate scores and ranks of 30+ countries by each area of well-being. The topics are given below:
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78:, also known as the Stiglitz-Sen-Fitoussi Commission, whose recommendations sought to address concerns that standard macroeconomic statistics like
74:
The index and tool were created as part of the OECD Better Life
Initiative. This initiative began in 2011 in line with the recommendations of the
3062:
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63:, is an initiative pioneering the development of economic indicators which better capture multiple dimensions of economic and social progress.
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3000:
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has been widening, and though some countries are seeing improved well-being, this does not always come hand-in-hand with increased GDP.
321:
The Better Life Index is not yet comparable over time as its methodology is still being fine-tuned. The OECD advises referring to the
71:, which encourages citizens to create their own indexes by ranking each of the indicators according to the importance in their lives.
2610:
3092:
2990:
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3213:
2875:
2195:
3102:
3057:
3274:
3122:
3031:
3067:
2995:
2215:
3218:
3127:
3026:
3232:
3188:
2861:
2668:
2310:
193:
2200:
3183:
3143:
3082:
2959:
2320:
2290:
2230:
84:
3264:
3021:
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199:
petal, where its size is defined by its score in that area. The tool was designed by Berlin-based agency
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3158:
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2275:
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2240:
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The fourth edition of How's Life was released in 2020; all reports can be viewed online using the
332:
3072:
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302:{\displaystyle {\frac {{\text{Life Expectancy Score}}+{\text{Self-reported Health Score}}}{2}}}
266:
the indicator is something negative, for example, unemployment, then we take the score as 1-χ.
2097:
3203:
2170:
2109:
Since 2010, life expectancy has overall increased by more than one year across OECD countries
192:
The official definitions for the topics and the indices which make them up are stated in the
186:
2746:
Koronakos, Gregory; Smirlis, Yiannis; Sotiros, Dimitris; Despotis, Dimitris (January 2019).
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2280:
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162:
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Over the last decade, the average homicide rate has fallen and people generally feel safer
8:
3198:
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2432:
2335:
2285:
2250:
1101:
124:
2716:
2356:
2174:
inequality, access to health insurance and healthcare, environmental and air pollution.
2152:
Higher levels of wellbeing are seen in those countries having higher levels of equality
38:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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than men whilst also working half an hour more on both paid and unpaid work per day.
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255:{\displaystyle {\frac {\text{Topic Score}}{\sum _{i=0}^{10}{\text{Topic Score}}}}}
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2433:"The OECD Better Life Initiative: How's Life? and the Measurement of Well‐Being"
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Those reporting difficulties in making ends meet has almost doubled since 2010
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2315:
861:
2673:
2330:
2118:
People are generally more satisfied with their lives than they were in 2013
2061:
146:
142:
2794:"What Is a Better Life? OECD's Better Life Index Explores Quality of Life"
1661:
941:
781:
701:
76:
Commission on the
Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress
2816:
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2448:
901:
87:, increased wellbeing, falling inequality, and systems resilience. The
2748:"Assessment of OECD Better Life Index by incorporating public opinion"
2161:
limited subset of indicators used by other econometric models such as
2410:
2205:
2128:
12% of the population across the OECD live in relative income poverty
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1981:
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821:
621:
501:
2701:"OECD's 'Better Life Index': Can any country be well ranked?"
1821:
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1421:
1221:
2115:
Income and Jobs have on average risen over the last 10 years
2270:
342:
2165:
Index 2005, Sustainable
Society Index of 2008, and Bhutan
79:
483:
473:
200:
2654:"Susan Kistler on the OECD Better Life Index – AEA365"
463:
61:
Organisation for
Economic Co-operation and Development
2377:
276:
216:
134:(after taxes and transfers) and net financial wealth
2349:
2791:
2100:. Below is a summary of the most recent findings.
301:
254:
2125:Almost 40% of households are financially insecure
458:
336:Current rankings in OECD Better Life Index (2020)
3251:
2792:Carvalhosa Martins, Virginie (22 January 2018).
2698:
158:Education: education and what one gets out of it
453:
448:
2669:"Better life: relaunching the happiness index"
262:which ensures the sum of weights totals 100%.
106:
2839:
2666:
433:
2699:Kasparian, Jérôme; Rolland, Antoine (2012).
2357:"Jersey's quality of life slips says survey"
478:
468:
438:
3118:Risk of death from non-communicable disease
2846:
2832:
443:
161:Environment: quality of environment (e.g.
16:Measurement of well-being across countries
3209:Time devoted to leisure and personal care
2511:
329:weighting of 1 to each well-being topic.
2469:
331:
3252:
2568:"OECD Better Life Index Raw Data 2020"
2430:
2827:
416: Explained by: Work-Life Balance
402: Explained by: Life Satisfaction
390: Explained by: Civic engagement
18:
3017:Greenhouse gas emissions per capita
2492:"Measuring well-being and progress"
2196:Broad measures of economic progress
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311:
13:
761:
595:
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523:
194:OECD Better Life Index definitions
14:
3286:
3032:Environmental Vulnerability Index
2808:
2081:
2069:
2035:
1997:
1963:
1953:
1949:
1883:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1827:
1751:
1749:
1725:
1711:
1681:
1671:
1645:
1551:
1521:
1465:
1443:
1385:
1345:
1317:
1227:
1147:
1075:
1029:
1027:
1003:
987:
949:
925:
919:
913:
885:
877:
873:
867:
765:
719:
685:
677:
667:
629:
549:
2752:Socio-Economic Planning Sciences
2216:Gender-related Development Index
2054:
2014:
1974:
1934:
1894:
1854:
1814:
1774:
1734:
1694:
1654:
1614:
1574:
1534:
1494:
1454:
1414:
1374:
1334:
1294:
1254:
1214:
1174:
1134:
1094:
1054:
1014:
974:
934:
894:
854:
814:
774:
734:
694:
654:
614:
574:
534:
494:
183:Safety: murder and assault rates
23:
3219:Worldwide Governance Indicators
3027:Environmental Performance Index
2785:
2739:
2692:
2660:
2646:
2625:
2603:
2578:
2560:
2470:Gerhardt, Tina (20 June 2012).
2143:
382: Explained by: Environment
323:Hows Life - Well-being database
123:conditions and spendings (e.g.
3233:List of international rankings
3189:Multidimensional Poverty Index
2667:Rogers, Simon (May 22, 2012).
2542:
2524:
2505:
2484:
2463:
2424:
2403:
2311:Progressive utilization theory
95:similarities and differences.
1:
2705:Journal of Applied Statistics
2342:
2201:Disability-adjusted life year
376: Explained by: Education
370: Explained by: Community
59:, created in May 2011 by the
3184:Global Competitiveness Index
3144:Corruption Perceptions Index
3083:Global Health Security Index
2960:Satisfaction with Life Index
2943:planetary pressures–adjusted
2725:10.1080/02664763.2012.706265
2550:"OECD Better Life Index FAQ"
2532:"OECD Better Life Index FAQ"
2321:Subjective life satisfaction
2291:Millennium Development Goals
2231:Green gross domestic product
2182:searches for similar tools
2155:
177:Life Satisfaction: level of
85:environmental sustainability
69:Your Better Life Index (BLI)
7:
3022:Dashboard of sustainability
2986:Long-term unemployment rate
2590:www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org
2499:OECD Better Life Initiative
2437:Review of Income and Wealth
2188:
2091:
350: Explained by: Housing
207:and is very user-friendly.
168:Governance: involvement in
107:Methodology and calculation
10:
3291:
2764:10.1016/j.seps.2019.03.005
2221:Genuine Progress Indicator
2103:
424:
410: Explained by: Safety
405:
396: Explained by: Health
385:
365:
356: Explained by: Income
345:
290:Self-reported Health Score
3227:
3164:Guaranteed minimum income
3136:
3098:Health insurance coverage
3050:
3042:Sustainable Society Index
3009:
3001:Smartphone ownership rate
2973:
2868:
2611:"How's Life? 2020 Report"
2246:Gross National Well-being
2163:Gross National Well-being
32:This article needs to be
3275:Macroeconomic indicators
3159:Gender Development Index
2950:Legatum Prosperity Index
2586:"OECD better life index"
2431:Durand, Martine (2015).
2411:"OECD Better Life Index"
2276:Legatum Prosperity Index
2266:Human Development Report
2241:Gross National Happiness
2167:Gross National Happiness
362: Explained by: Jobs
89:'beyond growth' approach
3169:Government transparency
3073:Child Development Index
2928:Human Development Index
2261:Human Development Index
316:
3194:Political terror scale
3179:Global Terrorism Index
3128:Teenage pregnancy rate
2965:Where-to-be-born Index
2913:World Happiness Report
2633:"Data – All countries"
2572:OECD Better Life Index
2554:OECD Better Life Index
2536:OECD Better Life Index
2326:Where-to-be-born Index
2236:Green national product
337:
325:for a view over time.
303:
256:
243:
203:in collaboration with
151:Community: quality of
101:How's Life? Well-being
57:OECD Better Life Index
3204:Social Progress Index
3037:Natural disaster risk
2171:Social Progress Index
335:
304:
282:Life Expectancy Score
257:
223:
3174:Global Slavery Index
3154:Fragile States Index
3113:Number of physicians
2679:Guardian Media Group
2518:World Policy Journal
2385:"The GDP Paradox~II"
2281:Leisure satisfaction
2211:Full cost accounting
274:
214:
163:environmental health
3199:Press Freedom Index
3093:Health care quality
3088:Global Hunger Index
2991:Home ownership rate
2938:inequality-adjusted
2923:Human Capital Index
2717:2012JApSt..39.2223K
2336:World Values Survey
2286:Living planet index
2251:Happiness economics
2169:Index of 2012, and
125:real estate pricing
3265:2011 introductions
3078:Clean water access
3063:Antidepressant use
2955:Good Country Index
2918:Happy Planet Index
2855:Lists of countries
2472:"Rio+20 Kicks Off"
2449:10.1111/roiw.12156
2306:Progress (history)
2256:Happy Planet Index
2226:Global Peace Index
338:
299:
252:
3270:Happiness indices
3247:
3246:
3149:Democracy indices
2981:Net take-home pay
2711:(10): 2223–2230.
2089:
2088:
484:Work-Life Balance
474:Life Satisfaction
421:
420:
297:
291:
283:
250:
247:
221:
187:Work–life balance
53:
52:
3282:
3238:Lists by country
3137:Social/political
2848:
2841:
2834:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2819:
2817:Official website
2802:
2801:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2696:
2690:
2689:
2687:
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2658:
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2644:
2643:
2641:
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2607:
2601:
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2582:
2576:
2575:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2514:"Brave New Math"
2509:
2503:
2502:
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2488:
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2467:
2461:
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2428:
2422:
2421:
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2407:
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2400:
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2396:
2381:
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2301:Post-materialism
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1817:
1780:
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1580:
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780:
778:
777:
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738:
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580:
578:
577:
540:
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537:
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498:
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485:
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464:Civic engagement
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455:
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312:Current rankings
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281:
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132:household income
48:
45:
39:
27:
26:
19:
3290:
3289:
3285:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3242:
3223:
3214:Wealth equality
3132:
3046:
3005:
2969:
2876:Life expectancy
2864:
2859:quality of life
2852:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2806:
2805:
2790:
2786:
2776:
2774:
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2512:Marber, Peter.
2510:
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2485:
2477:The Progressive
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2413:
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2394:
2392:
2383:
2382:
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2368:
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2365:. 12 April 2022
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2015:
2013:
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1933:
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205:Moritz Stefaner
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2809:External links
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2784:
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2602:
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2520:(Spring 2012).
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2391:. 21 July 2022
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1022:United Kingdom
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153:social support
149:
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108:
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51:
50:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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3103:Hospital beds
3101:
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3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
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3059:
3058:Air pollution
3056:
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2906:South America
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2896:North America
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2390:
2389:The Statesman
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2316:Psychometrics
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2063:
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2023:
2012:
2009:
2008:
1983:
1972:
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862:United States
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3108:Murder rate
3068:Cancer rate
3010:Environment
2996:Median wage
2777:30 December
2617:30 December
2595:29 December
2443:(1): 4–17.
1662:South Korea
942:New Zealand
782:Netherlands
702:Switzerland
459:Environment
246:Topic Score
220:Topic Score
3254:Categories
2933:by country
2798:OECD Forum
2758:: 100699.
2343:References
2139:countries.
902:Luxembourg
2772:159351542
2684:April 29,
2638:April 29,
2457:0034-6586
2416:April 29,
2395:23 August
2369:22 August
2206:Economics
2156:Reception
1582:Lithuania
542:Australia
454:Education
449:Community
225:∑
179:happiness
170:democracy
119:Housing:
2974:Economic
2862:rankings
2733:56123147
2362:BBC News
2189:See also
2092:Findings
1982:Colombia
1622:Portugal
1502:Slovakia
1262:Slovenia
430:Country
340:Legend:
139:earnings
130:Income:
44:May 2024
2901:Oceania
2869:General
2713:Bibcode
2574:. OECD.
2501:. OECD.
2104:General
1702:Hungary
1302:Estonia
1142:Austria
1102:Ireland
1062:Germany
982:Belgium
742:Finland
662:Denmark
582:Iceland
434:Housing
201:Raureif
155:network
121:housing
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137:Jobs:
2768:S2CID
2729:S2CID
2495:(PDF)
1822:Chile
1462:Japan
1422:Italy
1222:Spain
3260:OECD
2886:Asia
2779:2021
2686:2018
2640:2018
2619:2021
2597:2021
2453:ISSN
2418:2018
2397:2022
2371:2022
2271:ISEW
444:Jobs
317:2020
145:and
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2857:by
2760:doi
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2010:39
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