347:
310:
80:
24:
635:. Production of Dahlgren guns was immediately started at the Aleksandrovsk gun factory, with the first 15-inch gun cast on 2 January 1864, The first 15-inch guns were installed on the monitors by 1868, but they only became available for all ships in 1869. Unlike on the American sister ships, mixed armaments of 15 inch and smaller guns were not used.
481:, but the bureaucratic administration of the Union States and England, that slumber under the protection of the wooden walls of their ships, and only built their nations' few iron vessels as goodies to pamper their children. Now, the question of timber ships is finally resolved in the most stupid and improvident minds.
454:
eight years previously, when the Allied steam-powered fleet had outgunned and outmaneuvered the
Russian sailing fleet. Russians calculated, that in a battle in the confined waters of the Baltic the Russian wooden ships would be worthless, but could do more damage to the British in distant seas. With
535:
was also approved and launched in 1864. One of the benefits of the
Ericsson turret design, as opposed to the British design by Coles, was the layered construction from 1-inch (25 mm) armored plate. The Coles design required slabs of 5-inch (114.3 mm) thickness. This armor could not be
618:
At the same time, Artillery specialist
Filemon N. Pestich was sent to America along with Artseulov and Lessovsky to acquire gun technology. He returned in 1864 with technology for the production of 15-inch smoothbore
371:
496:
442:
If war between Russia and
Britain were to begin, it was thought likely that British and French Naval forces would try to attack the Russian capital of Saint Petersburg on the
1783:
1793:
1004:
1169:
592:
in
Sheffield, but they cited difficulties in meeting the demand. Instead most of the 1 inch armor plate needed for the ships was produced by Russian forges.
1788:
564:
and the Nevsky factory (owned by
Colonel PF Semyannikov and Retired Lieutenant VA Poletika) each produced two ships. Two ships were prefabricated in
521:
design. The decision to use the
American plans was based on the lack of time, money and experience in building armored vessels. A larger monitor,
435:
Relations between Russia and
Britain deteriorated further because of the British support — or what the Russians saw as sponsorship — of the Polish
1492:
1444:
1613:
1372:
1304:
1743:
658:
1485:
611:. Procurement efforts for all three types were started at the same time in 1863. An order was placed in 1863 with the
1606:
1386:
1355:
1245:
447:
1670:
615:
factories in
Germany for 9 inch smoothbore guns with steel barrels; these were initially used to arm the monitors.
1773:
1722:
1643:
650:
rifled guns become known as the 229 mm cannon M1867. The ships were rearmed with these guns starting in 1873.
1715:
1478:
1212:
495:
Naval architect N. Artseulov was sent to
America to join Russian naval attaché, Captain (later Rear Admiral)
1729:
1599:
1636:
1515:
846:
755:
1628:
429:
215:
1778:
1736:
1708:
1650:
1557:
1522:
730:
718:
646:
was founded in St. Petersburg to produce guns based on Krupp designs. The new 9-inch (229 mm)
204:
1295:
McLaughlin, Stephen (2012). "Russia's American Monitors: The Uragan Class". In John Jordan (ed.).
607:
In their first eight years of operation, the monitors were equipped with three different types of
1578:
819:
464:
1701:
1571:
1536:
1529:
827:
767:
685:
523:
1231:
1564:
1550:
913:
798:
697:
653:
As the monitors were hulked in 1900 the rifled M1867 guns were removed; they later served as
647:
504:
478:
395:
391:
314:
85:
1392:
1341:
1315:
1098:
503:'s monitors. He returned on 16 March 1863, with detailed drawings and specifications of the
200:
1662:
1543:
1274:
972:
786:
711:
557:
472:
346:
324:
52:
1408:
727:) - Laid up 1900, hulked as floating workshop late 1910s, hull remains to the present day.
8:
1591:
1256:
748:
643:
561:
532:
57:
1438:
1137:
1079:
833:
678:
589:
576:. All ships were laid down in late 1863 and launched in 1864. Some of the turrets and
553:
537:
425:
47:
544:, England, was producing armored plate of this thickness and of the required quality.
1682:
1382:
1351:
1300:
1241:
812:
654:
569:
514:
383:
280:
157:
65:
1129:
1071:
436:
413:
409:
375:
1319:
1198:
1235:
632:
608:
487:
455:
the wooden fleet gone, Russia would have no naval protection of her home waters.
443:
1229:
739:) - Laid up 1900, hulked as mine depot 1909, broken up in the 1950s, served in
581:
1174:
1767:
596:
500:
298:
292:
234:
309:
628:
620:
577:
387:
339:
1686:
773:
740:
662:
585:
451:
428:
Americans mistook Russian defensive moves as an indicator of support for
402:
351:
95:
1470:
795:) - Laid up 1900, hulked as hospital barge 1911, broken up in the 1920s.
1415:Северная Америка. Век девятнадцатый (North America. Nineteenth Century)
1141:
1083:
528:
331:
286:
259:
1452:
408:. A total of 10 ships were constructed at five different shipyards in
237:(2,670 km; 1,660 mi) at 6 knots (11 km/h; 6.9 mph)
1062:
A. Bailey, Thomas (June 1951). "The Russian Fleet Myth Re-Examined".
761:
691:
573:
541:
1133:
1075:
824:(«Вещун», Pythoness) - Hulked as coal barge and decommissioned 1900.
706:) - Laid up 1900, hulked as mine depot 1909, broken up in the 1920s.
724:
666:
1230:
Eklof, Ben; Bushnell, John; Zakharova, Larisa Georgievna (1994).
736:
599:
for each ship. The two Belgian ships cost 619,000 silver rubles.
565:
23:
1099:"The Bilateral Effect of the Visit of the Russian Fleet in 1863"
499:
and to assess at first hand the advantages and disadvantages of
703:
639:
412:, all entering service in 1865. The ships were among the first
265:
556:, the others were ordered from privately owned shipyards. The
1120:
Golder, F. A. (1915). "The Russian Fleet and the Civil War".
804:
612:
517:
approved a program to build ten armored vessels based on the
463:
A Russian monitor program was started as soon as news of the
109:
1232:"The Russian Navy and the Problem of Technological Transfer"
595:
The cost of the Russian-built ships was around 570 thousand
1318:[Coastal defense battleships in the Russian Navy].
1316:"Chapter I Броненосцы береговой обороны в российском флоте"
792:
1621:
338:
class were produced at the Aleksandrovsk gun factory in
1457:
Archive photographs of ships of Russian and Soviet Navy
1313:
225:
5–7.75 knots (9.26–14.35 km/h; 5.75–8.92 mph)
661:. Some of the guns still exist on the sea fortress of
1431:Первые русские мониторы (сборник статей и документов)
1370:
1339:
394:. The ships were built to the plans of the American
642:gun started with the help of Krupp technology. The
536:produced in any Russian plant, and in Europe, only
1240:. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press.
588:. Iron armor for the ships was first ordered form
970:
836:) - Hulked as coal barge and decommissioned 1900.
776:) - Hulked as coal barge and decommissioned 1900.
764:) - Hulked as coal barge and decommissioned 1900.
401:, a design that was tested on a smaller scale on
255:1864: 2 × 9 in (229 mm) smoothbore guns
1765:
1784:Foreign relations during the American Civil War
973:"The U.S.-Russian Entente That Saved The Union"
807:) - Laid up 1900, sank 1921, broken up in 1925.
552:Two of the ships were built by the state-owned
446:. It was feared that this would be a repeat of
382:, "armor carrier" or "warship") was a class of
1794:Ironclad warships of the Imperial Russian Navy
1428:
1164:
1162:
1160:
258:1868: 2 × 15 in (381 mm) smoothbore
1607:
1486:
1194:
1192:
957:
955:
953:
951:
949:
947:
945:
935:
933:
419:
1157:
875:
873:
871:
869:
867:
865:
863:
861:
1614:
1600:
1493:
1479:
1443:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1294:
1208:
1206:
1189:
1178:(in Swedish) (24). Porvoo: 2. 25 June 1864
999:
997:
942:
930:
458:
167:1,500–1,600 long tons (1,500–1,600 t)
1500:
1314:Gribovsky, V.Yu.; Chernikov, I.I (1996).
1254:
1148:
1061:
899:
897:
895:
893:
891:
889:
887:
885:
1276:Броненосные башенные лодки типа «Ураган»
1199:Глава 14. Русский флот одевается в броню
1096:
1090:
1057:
1055:
1053:
858:
627:s. A new gun factory was established in
345:
308:
203:(254–373 kW), 2 rectangular Morton
1272:
1203:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
994:
1789:Russian Empire–United States relations
1766:
1622:Ironclads of the Imperial Russian Navy
1406:The civil war in the U.S. and Russia:
1119:
1113:
882:
1595:
1474:
1213:ПЕСТИЧ Филимон Васильевич (1821-1894)
1050:
216:horizontal direct-acting steam engine
1261:(in Russian). St. Petersburg: Gangut
1103:Loyala University Historical Journal
1064:Mississippi Valley Historical Review
1022:
694:) - Laid up and decommissioned 1900.
191:10.16–10.84 ft (3.1–3.3 m)
1299:. London: Conway. pp. 98–112.
13:
1350:(in Russian) (10). Moscow: 15–16.
623:, the type in use on the American
264:1873: 2 × 9 in (229 mm)
14:
1805:
1381:(in Russian) (1). Moscow: 31–32.
1321:title=Броненосец "Адмирал Ушаков"
1237:Russia's Great Reforms, 1855-1881
477:struck in the side not so much a
313:Comparison of the turrets of the
1410:Гражданская война в США и Россия
659:Peter the Great's Naval Fortress
490:, "Order number 4", May 30, 1862
301:: 8–11 in (203–279 mm)
78:
22:
1371:G. Smirnov; V. Smirnov (1984).
1340:G. Smirnov; V. Smirnov (1983).
1258:Артиллерия российских мониторов
1223:
971:Konstantin George (July 1978).
584:state factory, and some by the
547:
1122:The American Historical Review
964:
906:
638:Also in 1863 development of a
1:
295:base: 6 in (152 mm)
16:Early Russian ironclad vessel
1326:Battleship "Admiral Ushakov"
1170:"Ryssland - Ryska monitorer"
914:"Ship Class RUS Bronenosetz"
852:
497:Stepan Stepanovich Lessovsky
7:
847:List of ironclads of Russia
840:
602:
323:class (left) and the later
10:
1810:
1453:"Coastal defense gunboats"
420:Russian-American relations
350:229 mm naval gun M1867 in
289:: 11 in (279 mm)
1754:
1681:
1663:Central battery ironclads
1661:
1627:
1511:
1343:Триумф брони над снарядом
379:
283:: 5 in (127 mm)
175:201 ft (61.3 m)
148:
36:
21:
1409:
1373:
1342:
1320:
1275:
1257:
1255:Амирханов, Л.И. (1998).
672:
183:46 ft (14.0 m)
1429:Victor Galynya (2000).
1283:(in Russian) (3): 69–72
1273:Lysenok, V. I. (1985).
1009:Archivio Navi da guerra
465:Battle of Hampton Roads
459:Russian monitor program
149:General characteristics
1756:- Single ship of class
1097:Delahaye, Tom (1984).
918:Naval History via Flix
493:
355:
343:
214:1 shaft, 1 2-cylinder
1774:Uragan-class monitors
580:were produced at the
513:On 11 March 1863 the
469:
416:in the Russian Navy.
392:Imperial Russian Navy
349:
330:(right). The 15-inch
312:
86:Imperial Russian Navy
1379:Моделист-Конструктор
1348:Моделист-Конструктор
712:Galerniy Island yard
558:Galerniy Island yard
527:(«Смерч»), with two
53:Galerniy Island yard
1745:Vitse-admiral Popov
1629:Broadside ironclads
1374:Броня, башни и тара
977:Campaigner Magazine
749:Carr and MacPherson
644:Obukhov State Plant
590:John Brown & Co
562:Carr and MacPherson
538:John Brown & Co
533:Cowper Phipps Coles
365:(also known as the
58:Carr and MacPherson
1328:] (in Russian)
813:Cockerill & Co
679:New Admiralty yard
570:Cockerill & Co
554:New Admiralty yard
479:corvette at anchor
448:the Baltic theatre
426:American Civil War
356:
344:
66:Cockerill & Co
48:New Admiralty yard
1761:
1760:
1589:
1588:
1433:. St. Petersburg.
1306:978-1-84486-156-9
655:coastal artillery
572:and assembled in
515:Russian Admiralty
414:ironclad warships
307:
306:
1801:
1724:Admiral Spiridov
1616:
1609:
1602:
1593:
1592:
1495:
1488:
1481:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1465:
1464:
1448:
1442:
1434:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1391:. Archived from
1367:
1365:
1364:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1310:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1251:
1218:
1217:
1210:
1201:
1196:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1166:
1155:
1152:
1146:
1145:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1059:
1048:
1045:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1001:
992:
991:
989:
988:
968:
962:
959:
940:
937:
928:
927:
925:
924:
910:
904:
901:
880:
877:
609:artillery pieces
491:
467:reached Europe.
437:January Uprising
410:Saint Petersburg
381:
374:
84:
82:
81:
26:
19:
18:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1779:Monitor classes
1764:
1763:
1762:
1757:
1750:
1717:Admiral Lazarev
1677:
1672:Kniaz Pozharsky
1657:
1623:
1620:
1590:
1585:
1507:
1505:-class monitors
1499:
1462:
1460:
1451:
1436:
1435:
1420:
1418:
1411:
1407:
1398:
1396:
1389:
1375:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1344:
1331:
1329:
1322:
1307:
1286:
1284:
1277:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1248:
1226:
1221:
1215:
1211:
1204:
1197:
1190:
1181:
1179:
1168:
1167:
1158:
1154:Amirhanov, 1998
1153:
1149:
1134:10.2307/1835544
1118:
1114:
1095:
1091:
1076:10.2307/1898253
1060:
1051:
1046:
1023:
1014:
1012:
1005:"Edinorog 1864"
1003:
1002:
995:
986:
984:
969:
965:
960:
943:
938:
931:
922:
920:
912:
911:
907:
902:
883:
879:Gribovsky, 1996
878:
859:
855:
843:
760:(«Броненосец»,
675:
633:Russian Karelia
605:
550:
531:of a design by
492:
485:
461:
444:Gulf of Finland
430:the Union cause
422:
399:-class monitors
370:
196:Installed power
79:
77:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1807:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1759:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1748:
1741:
1734:
1727:
1720:
1713:
1706:
1699:
1691:
1689:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1667:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1633:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1618:
1611:
1604:
1596:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1548:
1541:
1534:
1527:
1520:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1498:
1497:
1490:
1483:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1449:
1426:
1404:
1387:
1368:
1356:
1337:
1311:
1305:
1292:
1270:
1252:
1246:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1202:
1188:
1156:
1147:
1128:(4): 801–812.
1112:
1089:
1049:
1021:
993:
963:
941:
929:
905:
881:
856:
854:
851:
850:
849:
842:
839:
838:
837:
825:
816:
815:
809:
808:
796:
783:
782:
781:Nevsky factory
778:
777:
765:
752:
751:
745:
744:
728:
715:
714:
708:
707:
695:
682:
681:
674:
671:
648:breech-loading
604:
601:
582:Izhorsky Zavod
549:
546:
483:
460:
457:
421:
418:
386:built for the
305:
304:
303:
302:
296:
290:
284:
276:
272:
271:
270:
269:
262:
256:
251:
247:
246:
243:
239:
238:
231:
227:
226:
223:
219:
218:
212:
208:
207:
197:
193:
192:
189:
185:
184:
181:
177:
176:
173:
169:
168:
165:
161:
160:
155:
151:
150:
146:
145:
142:
138:
137:
134:
130:
129:
126:
122:
121:
118:
114:
113:
106:
102:
101:
93:
89:
88:
75:
71:
70:
69:
68:
63:
62:Nevsky factory
60:
55:
50:
43:
39:
38:
37:Class overview
34:
33:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1806:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1705:
1704:
1700:
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1697:
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1690:
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1684:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1645:Petropavlovsk
1642:
1640:
1639:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1617:
1612:
1610:
1605:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1506:
1504:
1496:
1491:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1440:
1432:
1427:
1416:
1412:
1405:
1395:on 2009-01-23
1394:
1390:
1388:3-540-42334-6
1384:
1380:
1376:
1369:
1359:
1357:3-540-42334-6
1353:
1349:
1345:
1338:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1282:
1278:
1271:
1260:
1253:
1249:
1247:0-253-20861-0
1243:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1227:
1214:
1209:
1207:
1200:
1195:
1193:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1151:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1116:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1093:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1010:
1006:
1000:
998:
982:
978:
974:
967:
961:Smirnov, 1984
958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
946:
939:Smirnov, 1983
936:
934:
919:
915:
909:
903:Lysenok, 1985
900:
898:
896:
894:
892:
890:
888:
886:
876:
874:
872:
870:
868:
866:
864:
862:
857:
848:
845:
844:
835:
831:
830:
826:
823:
822:
818:
817:
814:
811:
810:
806:
802:
801:
797:
794:
790:
789:
785:
784:
780:
779:
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766:
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735:(«Единорог»,
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621:Dahlgren guns
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578:steam engines
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501:John Ericsson
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486:Rear-Admiral
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299:Conning tower
297:
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125:In commission
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1687:turret ships
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1502:
1501:
1461:. Retrieved
1459:(in Russian)
1456:
1430:
1419:. Retrieved
1417:(in Russian)
1414:
1397:. Retrieved
1393:the original
1378:
1361:. Retrieved
1347:
1330:. Retrieved
1325:
1297:Warship 2012
1296:
1285:. Retrieved
1281:Судостроение
1280:
1263:. Retrieved
1236:
1224:Bibliography
1216:(in Russian)
1180:. Retrieved
1173:
1150:
1125:
1121:
1115:
1106:
1102:
1092:
1070:(1): 81–90.
1067:
1063:
1013:. Retrieved
1011:(in Italian)
1008:
985:. Retrieved
980:
976:
966:
921:. Retrieved
917:
908:
828:
820:
799:
787:
768:
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731:
723:(«Стрелец»,
719:
698:
686:
652:
637:
629:Petrozavodsk
624:
617:
606:
594:
551:
548:Construction
522:
518:
512:
505:
494:
473:
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423:
404:
396:
388:Baltic Fleet
366:
360:
359:
357:
340:Petrozavodsk
335:
325:
320:
315:
164:Displacement
97:
28:
1731:Petr Veliky
1517:Bronenosets
1175:Borgåbladet
1047:Eklof, 1994
832:(«Колдун»,
774:Cuirassiers
772:(«Латник»,
757:Bronenosets
741:Vladivostok
690:(«Ураган»,
663:Suomenlinna
586:Baird Works
452:Crimean War
424:During the
367:Bronenosetz
352:Suomenlinna
332:Rodman guns
260:Rodman guns
233:1,440
92:Preceded by
1768:Categories
1710:Charodeika
1638:Sevastopol
1463:2009-02-20
1421:2009-02-13
1399:2009-02-10
1363:2009-02-10
1332:2009-02-09
1287:2009-02-10
1265:2009-02-10
1182:2009-02-10
1015:2009-02-18
987:2009-02-18
923:2009-02-18
803:(«Перун»,
702:(«Тифон»,
488:G. Butakov
380:броненосец
287:Gun turret
242:Complement
211:Propulsion
108:1,155,000
1652:Pervenets
1439:cite book
853:Footnotes
791:(«Лава»,
762:Armadillo
692:Hurricane
574:Kronstadt
542:Sheffield
474:Merrimack
439:of 1863.
403:USS
372:‹See Tfd›
326:Canonicus
133:Completed
128:1865–1900
120:1863–1865
112:(average)
96:USS
74:Operators
31:(«Вещун»)
1738:Novgorod
1683:Monitors
1559:Strelets
1524:Edinorog
841:See also
834:Sorcerer
732:Edinorog
725:Strelets
720:Strelets
667:Helsinki
603:Armament
484:—
384:monitors
334:for the
250:Armament
141:Scrapped
42:Builders
1580:Veschun
1142:1835544
1084:1898253
821:Veschun
737:Unicorn
625:Passaic
566:Belgium
529:turrets
519:Passaic
506:Passaic
450:of the
405:Monitor
397:Passaic
390:of the
376:Russian
369:class,
316:Passaic
205:boilers
158:Monitor
98:Monitor
29:Veschun
1703:Smerch
1696:Uragan
1573:Uragan
1538:Latnik
1531:Koldun
1503:Uragan
1385:
1354:
1303:
1244:
1140:
1082:
829:Koldun
769:Latnik
704:Typhon
687:Uragan
640:rifled
597:rubles
524:Smerch
361:Uragan
336:Uragan
321:Uragan
293:Funnel
266:rifled
245:96–110
172:Length
110:rubles
83:
1566:Tifon
1552:Perun
1324:[
1138:JSTOR
1080:JSTOR
805:Perun
800:Perun
699:Tifon
673:Ships
613:Krupp
508:class
363:class
328:class
275:Armor
230:Range
222:Speed
188:Draft
117:Built
1685:and
1545:Lava
1445:link
1383:ISBN
1352:ISBN
1301:ISBN
1242:ISBN
793:Lava
788:Lava
471:The
358:The
281:Hull
268:guns
180:Beam
154:Type
105:Cost
1130:doi
1072:doi
983:(5)
665:in
657:in
631:in
568:by
540:in
235:nmi
201:ihp
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1455:.
1441:}}
1437:{{
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1234:.
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1126:20
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1101:.
1078:.
1068:38
1066:.
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1024:^
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996:^
981:11
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975:.
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884:^
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432:.
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319:/
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990:.
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743:.
354:.
342:.
144:9
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