31:
55:
3227:
63:
43:
339:
which was required in order to achieve the fashionable silhouette. Changes in the shape of the farthingale impacted the construction of other garments including the "forepart", the exposed front or apron of the skirt or kirtle made from richer fabrics. Later forms of the forepart were larger and wider and some surviving examples seem to have been extended to accommodate the new shape.
275:, in 1571. They first appeared in England during the 1570s. On 17 March 1577 the English ambassador to Paris, Amyas Paulet, sent a new type of farthingale to Queen Elizabeth I stating that it was "such as is now used by the French Queen and the Queen of Navarre." Janet Arnold has stated that this new style was probably a roll that sat on top of the cone-shaped Spanish farthingale.
2163:
347:
streamlined the torso. Criticisms of farthingales are also indicative of spatial anxieties relating to fears about these garments creating intimate personal spaces around the female body, masking the appropriation of social status, and physically displacing men. These fears continued into the eighteenth and nineteenth century, where tropes about the size of hoop petticoats (
282:(1611), defined the French farthingale as "the kind of roll used by such women as weare no Vardingales." Several wardrobe accounts and tailors' bills of the late 16th century give us an idea of what these rolls were made of: they were stuffed with cotton and rags, and stiffened with hoops of whalebone, wire, or ropes made of bent reeds.
156:, in 1501. She and her ladies were observed to wear "beneath their waist certain round hoops, bearing out their gowns from their bodies, after their country manner". However, there is little evidence to show that she continued to wear this fashion as she adopted English styles of dress. In March 1519 at a masque at
334:
A second style of French farthingale, also known as the wheel, great, drum or cartwheel farthingale, became fashionable in
England during the 1590s. It seems to have consisted of several hoops made from whalebone that graduated outwards from the level of the waistline in a wheel shape. This structure
346:
Some historians have raised doubts about the size of these garments, which some contemporaries claimed could be as wide as 1.4 metres. Instead they claim that the seemingly enormous size of these garments was an optical illusion created by wearing it with a pair of bodies (corset) that elongated and
393:
was surprised by the size of Anne of
Denmark's farthingale which was four feet wide at the hips. Large styles of French farthingales remained popular in England and France until the 1620s when they disappeared in portraiture and wardrobe accounts. They were replaced by small rolls or bum-rolls that
342:
The great farthingale appears to have been worn at an angle ("low before and high behind") which visually elongated the wearer's torso while shortening her legs. The angle was likely created by the use of bodies (corsets) or boned bodices with long centre fronts that pushed down on the farthingale,
496:
The wardrobe accounts of Queen
Elizabeth mention the purchase of thousands of special "great verthingale pynnes", "myddle verthingale pynnes", and "smale verthingale pynnes" from 1563. These were probably used for pinning deep tucks in fathingales to hold whalebone supports, and to position heavy
338:
Although there are also no surviving examples of this type of garment, there are a number of references to a "Great
Farthingale" in Queen Elizabeth I's wardrobe accounts during the time when this style was in vogue. "Great" in this context referred to the large circumference of the farthingale,
470:
wrote to her London tailor, Roger Jones, about farthingale sleeves covered with satin, and he suggested another style of sleeve now in fashion would be "fytter" for her new gown. In 1607 there were discussions about taxing imported whale fin baleen, "used only in sleeves and bodies for women".
435:
In
England, sleeves were enlarged and shaped with a whale bone armature, worn as a support underneath wide sleeves, and these were called "farthingale sleeves" or "vardingall sleeves." An account from William Jones for making a gown for Queen Elizabeth includes "a payer of vardingall sleves of
322:. From contemporary references, and the visual cues provided by the engraving, it appears to have consisted of a bolster-like roll either stuffed or held out with reeds which, being fastened around the hips, served the purpose of widening the skirts at the hip area, creating drapes.
145:, and her wanton behaviour was considered scandalous. When she started to use farthingales, court fashion followed suit. As Joan had two illegitimate children by Pedro de Castilla y Fonseca, rumors abounded that she used the farthingale to cover up a pregnancy.
227:, in 1554 contained some items fashioned from disused vestments, including two pieces of blue silk which were "tranposyd to wardyngalis" with a pair of sleeves. Farthingales were bought for children, including Ann Cavendish, the nine year old stepdaughter of
325:
Some modern costumers conjecture that the French farthingale and the "great farthingale" were one and the same garment, the difference in shape and construction being due to changes in fashion from the 1580s to the 1590s.
254:
had a black taffeta "verdugalle" in 1550, and another of violet taffeta, and a set of fashion dolls with 15 farthingales. Whale bone was bought to shape her farthingales in 1562. The contemporary French physician
94:
in the fifteenth century. Farthingales served important social and cultural functions for women in
Renaissance Europe as they expressed, primarily when worn by court women, high social position and wealth.
411:
in 1620. She wrote of her surprise at the large
Spanish style ruffs and Spanish style gowns worn without farthingales by aristocrats and townspeople. She ensured her gentlewomen adapted to the culture.
371:
thought that Anne's farthingale might conceal a pregnancy in
October 1605, writing, "The Queen is generally held to be pregnant, but no appearance eminent by reason of the short vardugals in use".
335:
was often supported by a padded roll underneath, and was distinct in appearance from the other French farthingale roll, as it had a hard edge from which the skirts dramatically fell.
179:
One of the first references to a farthingale in
England comes from the accounts of Princess Elizabeth in 1545 that describe a farthingale made of crimson Bruges satin. The courtier
375:
474:
A surviving single
English farthingale sleeve with its whalebone hoops and an outer silk sleeve was rediscovered in 2022. These items, connected with the Willoughby family of
827:
318:
There are no extant examples of this style of undergarment, and only one illustration, a satirical Dutch engraving of c. 1600, that shows the bum-roll being affixed by a
148:
The earliest images of Spanish farthingales show hoops prominently displayed on the outer surfaces of skirts, although later they merely provided shape to the overskirt.
247:
were bought "verdingalles" in December 1573. Mary, as Countess Rivers, made bequests of clothing in 1641 including a carnation and black taffeta fathingales and rolls.
440:
in 1597, includes a "paier of verthingale slevis of fustian". Jones made many pairs of farthingale sleeves in the 1580s, perhaps for the women of Elizabeth's court.
1367:
427:, with her farthingale and she wondered if all English women had such an unusual shape. This story may have been composed in condemnation of the fashion.
455:), wrote in December 1590 to her husband about a London tailor who was making her "a pair of verdingale sleeves & a French verdingale". A Welsh MP
382:
hoped this would lead to the demise of the fashion. Princess Elizabeth herself was wearing a whalebone farthingale and "bodies" made by John Spence.
2267:
160:
female dancers in fanciful "Egyptian" costumes wore black velvet gowns "with hoops from the waist downwards", which may have been farthingales.
3265:
2097:
922:
415:
A well-known anecdote concerning farthingales dates from the end of this period. It was said that in 1628 Jane, wife of the English ambassador
981:"'Take measure of your wide and flaunting garments': The farthingale, gender and the consumption of space in Elizabethan and Jacobean England"
2052:
1449:'Take Measure of Your Wide and Flaunting Garments': The Farthingale, Gender and the Consumption of Space in Elizabethan and Jacobean England"
1501:
1292:
389:
large English farthingale drew unwelcome attention from a crowd in the streets of Amsterdam. In December 1617 the Venetian ambassador
141:
started to use verdugados with hoops in Spain. Joan had provoked much criticism as she allegedly wore dresses that displayed too much
485:
898:
936:
Queen Elizabeth's Wardrobe Accounts, MS Egerton 2806, lists the materials used for rolls made by the royal farthingale maker
367:
had her gowns altered in 1603 to suit English fashions, and employed Robert Hughes to make farthingales from 1603 to 1618.
164:
1423:"The Case of the 'French Vardinggale': A Methodological Approach to Reconstructing and Understanding Ephemeral Garments"
459:
asked a Shrewsbury tailor to provide a French bodice with farthingale sleeves for his young daughter or cousin in 1594.
1531:
812:
404:
232:
2045:
1415:
1397:
1379:
452:
240:
184:
163:
Farthingales remained a fixture of conservative Spanish court fashion into the early 17th century (as exemplified by
500:
Elizabeth's pin-maker or "pynner" was Robert Careles. He delivered recycled old farthingale pins and other pins to "
420:
2061:
379:
378:, it was said that women wearing farthingales were not admitted to crowded events to save space. The letter writer
436:
holland cloth bented with whals bone and covered with riben." Another account from Jones, for the queen's dwarf
220:
and her ladies took up so much space that some women of her privy chamber had to sit on the rush-covered floor.
484:. A collection of Elizabethan costume remaining at Wollaton Hall was described in 1702 by the family historian
394:
persisted throughout the rest of the seventeenth century. In Spain, the Spanish farthingales evolved into the
3260:
3255:
3250:
3280:
286:(stiff canvas) is the most commonly mentioned material. Other references describe the rolls being starched.
2038:
873:
456:
224:
595:
1212:
30:
1158:
17:
1293:
Dora Davies-Evitt, 'Experts stunned by 'extremely rare' piece of clothing made by Queen Elizabeth I',
2972:
2257:
1422:
1172:
535:
530:
525:
416:
1244:
Fruitful Endeavours: The 16th-Century Household Secrets of Catherine Tollemache of Helmingham Hall
1228:
1103:
858:
1947:
1307:
752:
654:
153:
3270:
2982:
1524:
463:
290:
1445:
3090:
2787:
2530:
1695:
197:
1472:"Whalebone and the Wardrobe of Elizabeth I: Whaling and the Making of Aristocratic Fashions"
3002:
2365:
2092:
1495:
467:
466:
cost 4 shillings and 4 pence in October 1604 from Robert Dobson, a London tailor. In 1605,
437:
259:
noted the use of baleen from the mouths of whales for women's "vertugalles" and "busques".
251:
516:
were made by Thomas Ardington. In 1631 his bill included 13,500 "middle vardingale pins".
8:
2302:
1776:
1555:
1272:
Ninya Mikhaila, 'Borne Out with Whalebone: A Late Sixteenth-Century Farthingale Sleeve',
980:
444:
386:
149:
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1393:
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1010:
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505:
480:
205:
180:
1390:
Patterns of Fashion: The Cut and Construction of Clothes for Men and Women 1560–1620
939:
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1434:
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1000:
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228:
157:
138:
128:
38:. Pedro García de Benabarre, Salome from the St John Retable, Catalonia, 1470–1480.
2272:
1438:
1257:
Shaping Feminity: Foundation Garments, the Body, and Women in Early Modern England
1201:
Shaping Feminity: Foundation Garments, the Body, and Women in Early Modern England
1135:
Shaping Feminity: Foundation Garments, the Body, and Women in Early Modern England
343:
tilting it. Such an effect has been shown in many reconstructions of the garment.
256:
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2500:
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1404:
1117:
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400:
and remained an identifiable part of Spanish dress until the eighteenth century.
396:
390:
364:
239:
petticoat and her "vardingale" was made from buckram and covered with red cloth.
188:
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2014:
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363:
Farthingales for Queen Elizabeth were made by specialist Robert Sibthorpe.
115:; later designs in the temperate climate zone were stiffened with osiers (
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Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society
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asked for her clothes, including a farthingale to be sent to her in the
54:
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1771:
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996:
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Works of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey and of Sir Thomas Wyatt the Elder
540:
301:" making of thre rolles of hollande clothe with wyers bounde with reben
244:
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108:
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209:
120:
216:. At a dinner for French diplomats in May 1559, the farthingales of
208:
and became an essential element of Tudor fashion in England. Mary's
152:
is said to have brought the fashion into England on her marriage to
86:
in the desired shape and to enlarge the lower half of the body. The
62:
46:
Tudor gown showing the line of the Spanish farthingale: portrait of
3125:
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1040:
Anna of Denmark: Material and Visual Culture of the Stuart Courts
509:
283:
213:
195:
mentioned "trick ferdegews and billements of gold" in his comedy
112:
87:
2070:
Clothing generally not worn today, except in historical settings
329:
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1834:
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1756:
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1675:
1489:
Elizabethan Costuming, including information about farthingales
800:
Foreign Correspondence with Marie of Lorraine: Balcarres Papers
408:
376:
wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Frederick V of the Palatinate
75:
784:
Some account of St. Osyth's priory, Essex, and its inhabitants
42:
3115:
2932:
2847:
2550:
2438:
2327:
2284:
2147:
2137:
2117:
2107:
1725:
1715:
1635:
134:("green wood", or the more modern meaning of "executioner").
116:
91:
83:
82:- especially in the 16th and 17th centuries - to support the
1323:
Labors Lost: Women's Work and the Early Modern English Stage
2812:
2350:
2209:
2142:
1509:
267:
French farthingales originated in court circles in France.
66:
Silhouette of the 1590s: Elizabeth I, the Ditchley portrait
2162:
3188:
1559:
1350:
Caroline Hibbard, 'The Queen's Patronage', Erin Griffey,
711:
The Masters of the Revels and Elizabeth I's Court Theatre
594:(New York, 1979), 209: Thomas Astle & Francis Grose,
504:", a young Russian woman brought to Elizabeth's court by
956:, exhibition catalog (Metropolitan Museum of Art), 2001.
829:
Dolls of Mary Queen of Scots: Edinburgh Castle Research
443:
Such sleeves were worn by women outside court circles.
309:
making of a rolle of starched buckeram with whales bone
174:
27:
Structure to support women's skirts in a desired shape
289:
Here are a couple of sample references to rolls from
771:
The History and Antiquities of Hengrave, in Suffolk
698:
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of London
874:"Notes Extraites des Comptes de Jeanne D'Albret",
231:in 1548. In 1550, Margaret Willoughby, sister of
183:owned two red Bruges satin farthingales in 1547.
3242:
846:Accounts of the Treasurer of Scotland: 1559-1566
74:is one of several structures used under Western
1361:
359:Anne of Denmark and the fashion of farthingales
212:Jane Russell was given a farthingale made from
34:Probably the earliest depiction of the Spanish
1091:Dudley Carleton to John Chamberlain, 1603-1624
2046:
1525:
1374:. New York: The Hispanic Society of America.
1203:(London, 2022), pp. 113-4: TNA SP 46/49 f.55.
374:During celebrations in London in 1613 at the
330:French wheel farthingale or great farthingale
280:Dictionarie of the French and English Tongues
661:, 2nd series, vol. 2 (London, 1827), p. 215.
497:silk skirts in place over the farthingale.
2053:
2039:
1532:
1518:
921:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
262:
107:, from which "farthingale" derives, was a
1052:HMC 12th report part I, Earl Cowper, Coke
1004:
271:had a farthingale stiffened with rushes,
1153:, vol. 1 (London, 1779), p. 575 quoting
1108:, vol. 15 (London, 1909), p. 80 no. 135.
1105:Calendar State Papers, Venice: 1617-1619
645:, vol. 1 (London, 1815), pp. cxvi–cxvii.
478:, were shown on the television program,
293:'s Wardrobe Accounts (MS Egerton 2806):
61:
53:
41:
29:
2060:
1478:, 11: Modes Animales (Animal Fashions).
978:
715:Calendar State Papers Venice, 1558-1560
14:
3243:
888:
430:
98:
3266:History of clothing (Western fashion)
2034:
1513:
802:, vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1925), p. xxvii.
1263:, vol. 19 (London, 1965), pp. 485-6.
1213:'A Shrewsbury Tradesman's Invoice',
953:Extreme Beauty: The Body Transformed
848:, vol. 11 (Edinburgh, 1916), p. 204.
814:La première jeunesse de Marie Stuart
204:Spanish farthingales were bought by
175:Farthingales in England and Scotland
1407:Queen Elizabeth's Wardrobe Unlock'd
1339:Queen Elizabeth's Wardrobe Unlock'd
1188:Queen Elizabeth's Wardrobe Unlock'd
940:Queen Elizabeth's Wardrobe Uploaded
891:Queen Elizabeth's wardrobe unlock'd
672:Dramatic Writings of Nicholas Udall
491:
137:The earliest sources indicate that
24:
979:Bendall, Sarah A (November 2019).
756:(London: HMS), 1911), pp. 401, 404
451:in Derbyshire (a granddaughter of
405:Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia
25:
3292:
1482:
1309:HMC Manuscripts of Lord Middleton
1190:(Leeds, 1988), pp. 108, 146, 153.
1122:Elizabeth Stuart: Queen of Hearts
1078:Issues of Exchequer: Pell Records
876:Revue d'Aquitaine et des Pyrénées
754:HMC Manuscripts of Lord Middleton
185:Anne Seymour, Duchess of Somerset
3225:
2161:
1470:Bendall, Sarah (February 2022).
1444:Bendall, Sarah (November 2019).
1311:(London: HMS), 1911), pp. 572–73
967:Dress at the Court of Henry VIII
951:Illustration, from Harold Koda,
741:Dress at the Court of Henry VIII
730:(Port Washington, 1968), p. 260.
700:, vol. 3 (London, 1864), p. 105.
685:Dress at the Court of Henry VIII
630:Dress at the Court of Henry VIII
614:Dress at the Court of Henry VIII
508:. She had a farthingale made of
223:A chest of costume for drama at
1344:
1328:
1315:
1301:
1286:
1266:
1249:
1236:
1221:
1206:
1193:
1180:
1176:, vol. 14 (London, 1923), p. 47
1166:
1140:
1127:
1111:
1096:
1083:
1070:
1057:
1045:
1029:
972:
959:
944:
929:
882:
866:
851:
835:
820:
805:
789:
776:
760:
746:
733:
720:
703:
690:
171:of 17th-century Spanish dress.
1410:. Leeds: W. S. Maney and Son.
1392:(revised edition). Macmillan.
1341:(Maney, 1988), pp. 107, 218-9.
1042:(Manchester, 2020), pp. 124-9.
677:
664:
648:
635:
619:
603:
584:
571:
558:
119:), rope, or (from about 1580)
13:
1:
2098:Court dress (Empire of Japan)
1439:10.1080/1362704X.2019.1603862
1421:Bendall, Sarah (3 May 2019).
717:(London, 1890), p. 93 no. 77.
419:in Constantinople astonished
1539:
1362:General and cited references
1325:(Philadelphia, 2011), p. 39.
1124:(Oxford, 2021), pp. 140-141.
551:
403:Anne of Denmark's daughter,
167:), before evolving into the
58:French farthingales, c. 1580
7:
1246:(Phillimore, 2012), p. 132.
1093:(Rutgers UP, 1972), p. 237.
1063:Elizabeth McClure Thomson,
860:Les Oeuvres d'Ambroise Paré
728:The school drama in England
592:Hispanic Costume, 1480–1530
579:Hispanic Costume, 1480–1530
566:Hispanic Costume, 1480–1530
519:
10:
3297:
2159:
1372:Hispanic Costume 1480–1530
1232:, 1 (London, 1887), p. 109
1217:(Shrewsbury, 1879), p. 401
308:
300:
111:originally stiffened with
3222:
3134:
3031:
2743:
2606:
2399:
2326:
2283:
2223:
2170:
2075:
2068:
1997:
1956:
1940:
1919:
1843:
1795:
1744:
1668:
1613:
1554:
1547:
1162:(London, 1650), pp. 546-7
1137:(London, 2022), pp. 40-2.
1067:(London, 1966), pp. 75-6.
225:King's College, Cambridge
1354:(Ashgate, 2008), p. 129.
1261:HMC 9 Salisbury Hatfield
1259:(London, 2022), p. 104:
831:(Edinburgh, 2018), p. 18
462:Farthingale sleeves for
278:Randle Cotgrave, in his
1948:List of lingerie brands
1502:Encyclopædia Britannica
1080:(London, 1836), p. 152.
1065:The Chamberlain Letters
786:(London, 1871), p. 110.
773:(London, 1822), p. 204.
713:(Oxford, 2016), p. 56:
599:, 2 (London, 1807), 288
590:Ruth Matilda Anderson,
577:Ruth Matilda Anderson,
564:Ruth Matilda Anderson,
263:French farthingale roll
154:Arthur, Prince of Wales
1505:(11th ed.). 1911.
1403:Arnold, Janet (1988).
1368:Anderson, Ruth Matilda
1282:10.3366/cost.2024.0284
1227:Alexander B. Grosart,
1174:HMC Salisbury Hatfield
1054:(London, 1888), p. 58.
969:(Maney, 2007), p. 165.
889:Arnold, Janet (1988).
743:(Maney, 2007), p. 162.
709:William Streitberger,
687:(Maney, 2007), p. 162.
674:(London, 1873), p. 40.
632:(Maney, 2007), p. 162.
616:(Maney, 2007), p. 162.
581:(New York, 1979), 208.
568:(New York, 1979), 208.
502:Ippolyta the Tartarian
464:Catherine Fenton Boyle
387:Leonora, Lady Bennet's
67:
59:
51:
39:
3091:Manchu platform shoes
1433::3: The Making Turn.
1276:, 58.1 (2024), 2–20.
1160:Anthropometamorphosis
862:(Paris, 1628) p. 1056
816:(Paris, 1891), p. 289
597:Antiquarian Reportary
201:written around 1552.
198:Ralph Roister Doister
65:
57:
45:
33:
3261:17th-century fashion
3256:16th-century fashion
3251:15th-century fashion
3003:Stephane (headdress)
536:1600–1650 in fashion
531:1550–1600 in fashion
526:1500–1550 in fashion
486:Cassandra Willoughby
468:Catherine Tollemache
252:Mary, Queen of Scots
250:The French educated
3232:Clothing portal
2062:Historical clothing
1496:"Farthingale"
1453:Renaissance Studies
985:Renaissance Studies
878:, 11 (1867), p. 130
811:Alphonse de Ruble,
726:T. H. Vail Motter,
431:Farthingale sleeves
235:, was bought a red
165:Margaret of Austria
150:Catherine of Aragon
99:Spanish farthingale
2020:UK Lingerie Awards
2005:Corset controversy
1767:Foundation garment
1465:10.1111/rest.12537
1151:Desiderata Curiosa
997:10.1111/rest.12537
938:, see new website
842:James Balfour Paul
233:Francis Willoughby
68:
60:
52:
40:
3238:
3237:
3076:Episcopal sandals
2341:Close-bodied gown
2243:Sompot Chong Kben
2028:
2027:
1664:
1663:
1297:, 31 October 2022
1076:Frederick Devon,
900:978-1-909662-53-7
512:fabric. Pins for
506:Anthony Jenkinson
481:Antiques Roadshow
291:Queen Elizabeth I
206:Mary I of England
181:Elizabeth Holland
16:(Redirected from
3288:
3281:Women's clothing
3230:
3229:
3121:Tiger-head shoes
2391:Zaju chuishao fu
2276:
2165:
2055:
2048:
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2031:
1711:Period underwear
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492:Farthingale pins
380:John Chamberlain
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229:Bess of Hardwick
158:Greenwich Palace
139:Joan of Portugal
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2501:Mackinaw jacket
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457:William Maurice
445:Anne Williamson
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391:Piero Contarini
365:Anne of Denmark
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269:Jeanne d'Albret
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189:Tower of London
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127:comes from the
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1427:Fashion Theory
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1186:Janet Arnold,
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991:(5): 712–737.
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872:Paul Raymond,
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1413:
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1395:
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1386:Arnold, Janet
1384:
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1099:
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1089:Maurice Lee,
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693:
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667:
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638:
631:
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622:
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450:
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397:guardainfante
392:
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385:In June 1617
383:
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19:
2753:Anthony Eden
2705:Open drawers
2677:
2556:Galway shawl
2371:Robe de cour
1875:
1805:Bodystocking
1595:Training bra
1567:
1500:
1476:Apparence(s)
1475:
1456:
1452:
1430:
1426:
1406:
1389:
1371:
1351:
1346:
1338:
1335:Janet Arnold
1330:
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1006:11343/285126
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103:The Spanish
102:
71:
69:
35:
3209:Shoe buckle
3136:Accessories
3086:Lotus shoes
2863:Jeongjagwan
2838:French hood
2788:Blessed hat
2710:Pantalettes
2678:Farthingale
2588:Ulster coat
2568:Smock-frock
2481:Houppelande
2271: [
2076:Body-length
2010:Bralessness
1920:Accessories
1896:Pantalettes
1876:Farthingale
1856:Boudoir cap
1701:Girl boxers
1669:Lower torso
1585:Nursing bra
1548:Upper torso
1155:John Bulwer
1036:Jemma Field
655:Henry Ellis
421:Ayşe Sultan
417:Peter Wyche
355:continued.
245:Mary Kitson
218:Elizabeth I
143:décolletage
123:. The name
72:farthingale
3245:Categories
3179:Lavallière
3096:Pampooties
2853:Gable hood
2730:Union suit
2725:Pettipants
2668:Hoop skirt
2598:Witzchoura
2268:Saragüells
2205:Poet shirt
2123:Justacorps
2113:Frock coat
1969:Cosmo Lady
1906:Pettipants
1881:Hoop skirt
1844:Historical
1820:Knee highs
1772:Nightshirt
1745:Full torso
1651:Torsolette
1590:Sports bra
893:. Leeds .
541:Hoop skirt
423:, wife of
353:crinolines
237:broadcloth
109:hoop skirt
18:Vertugadin
3154:Cointoise
3149:Belt hook
3144:Ascot tie
3126:Turnshoes
3111:Poulaines
3071:Duckbills
3056:Carbatina
3018:Welsh Wig
2968:Printer's
2928:Mounteere
2918:Mooskappe
2878:Kokoshnik
2763:Arakhchin
2715:Petticoat
2700:Loincloth
2673:Crinoline
2608:Underwear
2546:Shadbelly
2516:Overfrock
2471:Greatcoat
2401:Outerwear
2366:Polonaise
2346:Debutante
2303:Safeguard
2093:Brunswick
1984:Journelle
1974:Figleaves
1901:Petticoat
1871:Crinoline
1825:Pantyhose
1721:Tap pants
1681:Boyshorts
1646:Nightgown
1388:(1986) .
1023:165540329
1015:0269-1213
917:cite book
767:John Gage
552:Citations
546:Crinoline
407:, was in
210:chamberer
191:in 1551.
125:verdugado
121:whalebone
105:verdugado
36:verdugado
3106:Pigaches
3066:Chopines
3033:Footwear
2958:Phrygian
2938:Nightcap
2913:Monmouth
2843:Fontange
2823:Cornette
2818:Coonskin
2808:Cavalier
2798:Capotain
2745:Headwear
2720:Peignoir
2641:Corselet
2636:Codpiece
2626:Chausses
2476:Himation
2414:Car coat
2386:Tea gown
2248:Culottes
2238:Breeches
2225:Trousers
2215:Suea pat
2153:Xout lao
1830:Stocking
1815:Hold-ups
1777:Playsuit
1762:Corselet
1736:Bloomers
1730:G-string
1691:Fundoshi
1641:Negligee
1631:Camisole
1621:Babydoll
1605:Male bra
1580:Bralette
1541:Lingerie
1370:(1979).
909:21912234
520:See also
425:Murad IV
349:panniers
241:Margaret
80:clothing
78:women's
76:European
3194:Partlet
3164:Hairpin
3101:Pattens
3081:Hessian
3051:Caligae
3041:Buskins
3013:Taranga
2998:Smoking
2988:Salakot
2978:Qeleshe
2973:Pudding
2953:Petasos
2948:Pahlavi
2943:Ochipok
2898:Miner's
2888:Malahai
2883:Llawt'u
2803:Caubeen
2783:Bergère
2773:Aviator
2768:Attifet
2683:Pannier
2631:Chemise
2583:Surtout
2578:Surcoat
2573:Spencer
2536:Pelisse
2531:Pallium
2521:Pañuelo
2456:Doublet
2434:Chlamys
2429:Chamail
2328:Dresses
2233:Braccae
2195:Doublet
2185:Bedgown
2128:Paenula
1998:Related
1979:HerRoom
1927:Falsies
1891:Pannier
1866:Chemise
1797:Hosiery
1706:Panties
1626:Bustier
1575:Bandeau
1569:History
1274:Costume
510:mockado
438:Tomasen
284:Buckram
214:fustian
132:verdugo
129:Spanish
88:fashion
50:, 1545.
3276:Skirts
3214:Visard
3169:Hatpin
3046:Calcei
3023:Wimple
3008:Tainia
2963:Pileus
2908:Modius
2873:Kausia
2868:Jewish
2858:Hennin
2833:Fillet
2793:Bonnet
2778:Ba tầm
2663:Garter
2658:Dickey
2646:Corset
2621:Bustle
2616:Basque
2593:Visite
2541:Poncho
2506:Nadiri
2496:Kandys
2491:Jerkin
2466:Exomis
2461:Duster
2451:Dolman
2419:Caraco
2409:Capote
2381:Sailor
2361:Mantua
2356:Kirtle
2336:Bliaut
2308:Sompot
2298:Poodle
2293:Hobble
2285:Skirts
2190:Bodice
2180:Basque
2133:Peplos
2103:Chiton
2088:Banyan
2083:Abolla
1957:Retail
1941:Brands
1861:Bustle
1851:Basque
1835:Tights
1810:Garter
1757:Corset
1752:Bodice
1696:Girdle
1676:Bikini
1414:
1396:
1378:
1295:Tatler
1021:
1013:
907:
897:
409:Prague
351:) and
312:(1586)
304:(1585)
84:skirts
3174:Jabot
3116:Socci
2993:Snood
2933:Nemes
2848:Futou
2828:Dunce
2561:Kullu
2551:Shawl
2526:Palla
2439:Cloak
2318:Train
2275:]
2253:Harem
2148:Tunic
2138:Stola
2118:Hanfu
2108:Frock
1787:Teddy
1726:Thong
1716:Tanga
1636:Dudou
1556:Types
1405:2020
1019:S2CID
449:Wilne
92:Spain
3204:Ruff
3184:Muff
2983:Qing
2813:Coif
2758:Apex
2690:Hose
2351:Gown
2313:Sinh
2210:Sbai
2172:Tops
2143:Toga
1782:Slip
1560:bras
1459::5.
1412:ISBN
1394:ISBN
1376:ISBN
1011:ISSN
923:link
905:OCLC
895:ISBN
273:jonc
243:and
3189:Oes
2903:Mob
2735:Yếm
1656:Yếm
1558:of
1461:doi
1435:doi
1278:doi
1001:hdl
993:doi
447:of
3247::
2273:ca
1499:.
1474:.
1457:33
1455:,
1451:.
1431:23
1429:,
1425:,
1337:,
1157:,
1149:,
1120:,
1038:,
1017:.
1009:.
999:.
989:33
987:.
983:.
919:}}
915:{{
903:.
844:,
798:,
769:,
657:,
628:,
612:,
488:.
70:A
2054:e
2047:t
2040:v
1732:)
1728:(
1533:e
1526:t
1519:v
1467:.
1463::
1447:"
1441:.
1437::
1418:.
1400:.
1382:.
1280::
1025:.
1003::
995::
925:)
911:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
