White Latin Americans

5127:, retrieved on May 09 2011. They show 191,543,213 whites from a total population of 579,092,570. For a few countries the percentage of white population is not provided as a standalone figure, and thus that datum is considered to be not available; for example, in Chile's case the CIA states "white and white-Amerindian 95.4%". Unequivocal data are given for the following: Argentina 41,769,726 * 97% white = 40,516,634; Bolivia 10,118,683 * 5% white = 505,934; Brazil 203,429,773 * 53.7% white = 109,241,788; Colombia 44,725,543 * 20% white = 8,945,109; Cuba 11,087,330 * 65.1% white = 7,217,852; Dominican Republic 9,956,648 * 16% white = 1,593,064; El Salvador 6,071,774 * 9% white = 546,460; Honduras 8,143,564 * 1% white = 81,436; Mexico 113,724,226 * 9% white = 10,235,180; Nicaragua 5,666,301 * 17% white = 963,272; Panama 3,460,462 * 10% white = 346,046; Peru 29,248,943 * 15% white = 4,387,342; Puerto Rico 3,989,133 * 76.2% white = 3,039,719; Uruguay 3,308,535 * 88% white = 2,911,511. Total white population in these countries: 191,543,213, i.e 33.07% of the region's population. 3520:(Amerindian), with categorization being by self-identification. Taking into account the data provided by the last National Household Survey, conducted in 2010, Brazil would possess the most numerous white population in Latin America, given that a 47.7% – 91 million people – of Brazilians self-declared as "Brancos". Comparing this survey with previous censuses, a slow but constant decrease in the percentage of self-identified white Brazilians can be seen: in the 2000 Census it was 53.7%, in the 2006 Household Survey it was 49.9%, and in the last, 2008, survey it decreased to the current 48.4%. Some analysts believe that this decrease is evidence that more Brazilians have come to appreciate their mixed ancestry, re-classifying themselves as "Pardos". Furthermore, some demographers estimate that a 9% of the self-declared white Brazilians have a certain degree of African and Amerindian ancestry, which, if the " 4231: 10850: 10858: 3493: 4980:. Until the last years of World War II, a large part of European immigrants to Venezuela came from the Canary Islands, and their cultural impact was significant, influencing its gastronomy, customs and the development of Castilian in the country. With the beginning of oil production during the first decades of the 20th century, employees of oil companies from the United States, United Kingdom, and the Netherlands established themselves in Venezuela. Later, in the middle of the century, there was a new wave of immigrants originating from Spain (mainly from Galicia, Andalucia, and Basque country, some being refugees from the 4022:

Palestinians, and Lebanese have continued to settle in Colombia. Due to a lack of information, it is impossible to know the exact number of Lebanese and Syrians that immigrated to Colombia; but for 1880 to 1930, 5,000–10,000 is estimated. Syrians and Lebanese are perhaps the biggest immigrant group next to the Spanish since independence. Those who left their homeland in the Middle East to settle in Colombia left for different religious, economic, and political reasons. In 1945, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Cali, and Bogota are the cities with the largest numbers of Arabic-speakers in Colombia. The Arabs that went to

2732: 5020: 3899:

a role in Chilean society. Between 1851 and 1924, Chile received only 0.5% of the total European immigration to Latin America, compared to 46% for Argentina, 33% for Brazil, 14% for Cuba, and 4% for Uruguay. This was because such migrants came across the Atlantic, not the Pacific, and before the construction of the Panama Canal, Europeans preferring to settle in countries close to their homelands, instead of taking the long route through the Straits of Magellan or across the Andes. In 1907, the European-born reached a peak of 2.4% of the Chilean population, decreasing to 1.8% in 1920, and 1.5% in 1930.

10920: 2710:

with Europeans. Spaniards, mainly from Galicia and Asturias emigrated to El Salvador. Later, the country would experience other waves of other European immigrants, mainly Italian and Spaniards. The immigration of the time had a great demographic impact, since by 1880 there were 480,000 inhabitants in El Salvador, 40 years later in 1920, there were 1.2 million Salvadorans. During World War II, El Salvador gave documents to Jews from Hungary, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland, and Switzerland. It is estimated that they were up to 40,000 immigrants, and even up to 50,000.

4831: 1748:. In the north and west of Mexico, the indigenous tribes were substantially smaller than those found in central and southern Mexico, and also much less organized, thus they remained isolated from the rest of the population or even in some cases were hostile towards Mexican colonists. Because of this, Europeans often were the most numerous ethnic group within colonial cities in northern and western Mexico (albeit this trend is also seen in large central Mexican cities such as Mexico City) and became the regions with the highest proportion of whites during the 1474: 2693: 4591: 4907:

between surveys could be caused by the phenomenon of the interviewee giving new value to their African heritage, similar to what has happened in Brazil in the last three censuses. Anyway, it is worth noting that 2,897,525 interviewées declared having only white ancestry (87.4%), 302,460 declared having total or partial black ancestry (9.1%), 106,368 total or partial Amerindian ancestry (2.9%) and 6,549 total or partial Yellow ancestry (0.2%). This figure matches external estimates for white population in Uruguay of 87.4%, 88%, or 90%.

4054:, a Colombian-German air transport corporation, which was established by German expatriates in 1919, was the first commercial airline in the western hemisphere. In recent years, the celebration of Colombian-German heritage has grown increasingly popular in Bogota, Cartagena, and Bucaramanga. There are many annual festivals that focus German cuisine, specially pastry arts and beer. Since 2009, there has been a considerable increase in collaborative research through advanced business and educational exchanges, such as those promoted by 4671: 296: 10896:— «O Brasil está mais preto, algo mais próximo da realidade» — diz Paula, para quem a principal razão é a maior identificação de pretos e pardos com sua cor. — «É a chamada desejabilidade social. Historicamente, pretos e pardos eram desvalorizados socialmente, o que fazia com que pretos desejassem ser pardos, e pardos, brancos. Agora, pretos e pardos quiseram se identificar assim. Isso pode ter a ver, ainda, com a afirmação dessa população como forte consumidor atualmente, que se refletiu em afirmação de identidade.» (...) 4366: 4751: 845: 4771: 4611: 4791: 4631: 1197:(purity of blood) certificate that proved that they had no Jewish or Moorish ancestors, in the same way as those in the Peninsula did. However, being a medieval concept that was more of a religious issue rather than a racial issue, it was never a problem for the native or slave populations in the colonies of the Spanish Empire, and by law people from all races were to join the army, with openly practicing Roman Catholicism being the only prerequisite. One notable example was that of 4326: 1733:, also settled in Mexico whereas in the 21st century, due to Mexico's economic growth, immigration from Europe has increased (mainly France and Spain), people from the United States have arrived as well, nowadays making up more than three-quarters of Mexico's roughly one million legal migrants. In that time, more people from the United States have been added to the population of Mexico than Mexicans to that of the United States, according to government data in both nations. 3245:

white. That makes for 86.6%, or about 6.8 million whites residing in Argentina. European immigration continued to account for over half the population growth during the 1920s, and for smaller percentages after World War II, many Europeans migrating to Argentina after the great conflict to escape hunger and destitution. According to Argentine records, 392,603 people from the Old World entered the country in the 1940s. In the following decade, the flow diminished because the

4469: 1514: 1494: 3426: 2240: 4530: 4489: 1294: 356: 396: 4571: 4426: 1454: 1594: 1394: 1274: 236: 4175:

mestizo population being estimated at 95% by the CIA World Factbook, with all other groups totaling 5%. Thus, whites and the remaining groups (such as those of African descent) make up approximately 3.3% of the total population. According to Carlos Pastore, 30% are white and 70% approximately is mestizo. Such a reading is complicated, because, as elsewhere in Latin America, "white" and "mestizo" are not mutually exclusive (people may identify as both).

1654: 1434: 1414: 376: 4711: 416: 176: 116: 1634: 1574: 1254: 456: 276: 1144: 136: 4346: 336: 316: 4406: 1534: 1374: 256: 4731: 837: 1614: 436: 96: 1334: 4551: 4386: 156: 12796:

residence in the western part of the nation (especially in a city), and enough wealth or education to be classified as middle or upper class. However, in some rural regions, Mestizos refer to themselves as Blancos, to distinguish themselves from Native Americans and Quechua speakers. Blancos form the ruling elite in Ecuador, and categorization as a Blanco is considered desirable by people of full or partial European descent.

4895:

Bulgarians, Hungarians, Ukrainians, Lithuanians, Estonians, Dutch, Belgians, Croatians, Lebanese, Armenians, Greeks, Scandinavians, and Irish. The demographic impact of these migratory waves was greater than in Argentina, Uruguay going from having 70,000 inhabitants in 1830, to 450,000 in 1875, and a million inhabitants by 1900, its population thus increasing fourteen-fold in only 70 years. Between 1840 and 1890, 50%–60% of

1314: 4852: 4447: 2997:. A unweighted autosomal DNA study from 2012 found the genetic composition of Argentines to be 65% European, 31% Native American, and 4% African. The study's conclusion was not to achieve a generalized autosomal average of the country, but rather the existence of genetic heterogeneity among differing sample regions. A 2015 study concluded that 90% of Argentinians have a genetic composition different from native Europeans. 1554: 1354: 4811: 216: 789:

and specific phenotypic and biological features associated with European heritage, there are differences in how people are classified. These differences arise from the various historical processes and social contexts in which a given racial classification is used. As Latin America is characterized by differing histories and social contexts, there is also variance in the perception of whiteness throughout Latin America.

196: 4691: 4651: 2638: 76: 4509: 14249: 1884:

7.8% Native American with European ancestry ranging from 65% to 99%. 75% of whites are over 80% European and 50% are over 88% European According to a study in 2011 Whites are on average 5.8% African with African ancestry ranging from 0% to 13%. 75% of whites are under 8% African and 50% are under 5% African. A study from 2009 analysed the genetic structure of the three principal ethnic groups from

8018:

The composition of Santo Domingo's population contrasted sharply with that of the neighboring French colony of Saint-Domingue, where some 30,000 whites and 27,000 freedmen extracted labor from at least 500,000 black slaves. To the Spanish colonists, Saint- Domingue represented a powder keg, the eventual explosion of which would echo throughout the island.

800:...racial categories and racial ideologies are not simply those that elaborate social constructions on the basis of phenotypical variation or ideas about innate difference but those that do so using the particular aspects of phenotypical variation that were worked into vital signifiers of difference during European colonial encounters with others. 5945:

America, which was colonized primarily by the Spanish. The Spanish colonials had a longer history of tolerance of non-White racial groupings through their interactions with the Moors and North African social groups, as well as a different understanding of the rights of colonized subjects and a different pattern of economic development.

3786:, 33% Amerindian and 28% African female ancestry. This, considering the facts that the slave trade was effectively suppressed in 1850, and that the Amerindian population had been reduced to small numbers even earlier, shows that at least 61% of white Brazilians had at least one ancestor living in Brazil before the beginning of the 3623:, due to poverty and unemployment caused by the First World War. The numbers of Europeans of other ethnicities increased; among them were people from Poland, Russia, and Romania, who emigrated in the 1920s, probably because of politic persecution. Other peoples emigrated from the Middle East, especially from what now are 3766:

Conversely, in the Northeast, Center-West and Southeast, African ancestry was the second most prevalent. At an intrapopulation level, all urban populations were highly admixed, and most of the variation in ancestry proportions was observed between individuals within each population rather than among population.

894:, and Brazil. From the late 19th century to the early 20th century, the number of European immigrants who arrived far surpassed the number of original colonists. Between 1821 and 1932, of a total 15 million immigrants who arrived in Latin America, Argentina received 6.4 million, and Brazil 5.5 million. 4903:

themselves". These results were extrapolated, and the INE estimated that out of 2,790,600 inhabitants, some 2,602,200 were white (93.2%), some 164,200 (5.9%) were totally or partially black, some 12,100 were totally or partially Amerindian (0.4%), and the remaining 12,000 considered themselves Yellow.

9941:

Avena, Sergio; Via, Marc; Ziv, Elad; Pérez-Stable, Eliseo J.; Gignoux, Christopher R.; Dejean, Cristina; Huntsman, Scott; Torres-Mejía, Gabriela; Dutil, Julie; Matta, Jaime L.; Beckman, Kenneth; Burchard, Esteban González; Parolin, María Laura; Goicoechea, Alicia; Acreche, Noemí; Boquet, Mariel; Ríos

5944:

The variation of racial groupings between nations is at least partially explained by an unstable coupling between historical patterns of colonization and miscegenation. First, divergent patterns of colonization may account for differences in the construction of racial groupings, as evidenced in Latin

3898:

The Spanish was the most significant European immigration to Chile, although there was never a massive immigration, such as happened in neighboring Argentina and Uruguay, and, therefore, the Chilean population wasn't "whitened" to the same extent. However, it is undeniable that immigrants have played

3618:

After the First World War, the Portuguese once more became the main immigrant group, and Italians fell to third place. Spanish immigrants rose to second place because of the poverty that was affecting millions of rural workers. Germans were fourth place on the list; they arrived especially during the

2918:

In the 19th century, Nicaragua experienced a wave of immigration, primarily from Western Europe. In particular, families moved to Nicaragua to set up businesses with the money they brought from Europe. They established many agricultural businesses, such as coffee and sugarcane plantations, as well as

2586:

In 2010, White Puerto Ricans are said to comprise the majority of the island's population, with 75.8% of the population identifying as white. Though in the 2020 U.S. census, this percentage dropped to 17.1%. People of self-identified multiracial descent are now the largest demographic in the country,

1883:

An autosomal study from 2014 found the genetic makeup in Cuba to be 72% European, 20% African, and 8% Native American with different proportions depending on the self-reported ancestry (White, Mulatto or Mestizo, and Black). According to this study Whites are on average 86% European, 6.7% African and

1784:

reported a percentages of 47% in 2010 and 49% in 2017 respectively. Another survey published in 2018 reported a percentage significantly lower at 29%, this time however, the surveying of Mexicans from "vulnerable groups" was prioritized, which among other measures meant that states known to have high

1755:

Estimates of Mexico's white population differ greatly in both, methodology and percentages given, extra-official sources such as the World factbook and Encyclopædia Britannica, which use the 1921 census results as the base of their estimations calculate Mexico's White population as only 9% or between

11256:

Saloum De Neves Manta, Fernanda; Pereira, Rui; Vianna, Romulo; Rodolfo Beuttenmüller De Araújo, Alfredo; Leite Góes Gitaí, Daniel; Aparecida Da Silva, Dayse; De Vargas Wolfgramm, Eldamária; Da Mota Pontes, Isabel; Ivan Aguiar, José; Ozório Moraes, Milton; Fagundes De Carvalho, Elizeu; Gusmão, Leonor

4021:

The first and largest wave of immigration from the Middle East began around 1880, and continued during the first two decades of the twentieth century. The immigrants were mainly Maronite Christians from Greater Syria (Syria and Lebanon) and Palestine, fleeing those then Ottoman territories. Syrians,

3894:

Chile was initially an unattractive place for migrants, because it was far from Europe and relatively difficult to reach. However, during the 18th century an influx of emigrants from Spain moved to Chile. They were mostly Basques, who rose rapidly up the social ladder, becoming part of the political

8017:

As a result of the stimulus provided by the trade reforms, the population of the colony of Santo Domingo increased from about 6,000 in 1737 to approximately 125,000 in 1790. Of this number, about 40,000 were white landowners, about 25,000 were black or mulatto freedmen, and some 60,000 were slaves.

5903:

In New Spain, there was no strict idea of race (something that continued in Mexico). The Indians that had lost their connections with their communities and had adopted different cultural elements could "pass" and be considered mestizos. The same applied to blacks and castas. Rather, the factor that

3997:

According to the 2005 Census 86% of Colombians are considered either White or Mestizo, which are not categorized separately. Though the census does not identify the number of white Colombians, Lizcano and the CIA World Factbook estimates 20% of White population, while Hudson estimates 37%, a figure

3890:

in Chileans vary according to social class. 13% of lower-class Chileans have at least one non-Spanish surname, compared to 72% of those who belong to the upper-middle-class. Phenotypically, only 9.6% of lower-class girls have light-colored eyes—either green or blue—where 31.6% of upper-middle-class

3614:

region. European immigration was at its peak between the mid-19th and the mid-20th centuries, when nearly five million Europeans immigrated to Brazil, most of them Italians (58.5%), Portuguese (20%), Germans, Spaniards, Poles, Lithuanians, and Ukrainians. Between 1877 and 1903, 1,927,992 immigrants

3244:

had been born abroad. According to the 1914 national census, 80% out of a total population of 7,903,662 were people who were either European, or the children and grandchildren of same. Among the remaining 20% (the descendants of the population previous to the immigratory wave), about one third were

3060:

The white population in Argentina is mostly descended from immigrants arriving from Europe between the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with a smaller proportion from Spaniards of the colonial period. From 1506 to 1650—according to M. Möner, Peter Muschamp, and Boyd-Bowman—out of a total of

2709:

Before the conquest it was the Central American nation with the lowest Amerindian population, due to diseases and hostility from Europeans, the Amerindian population fell precipitously. This was due to the small indigenous population in the area and colonial governors wanting to repopulate the land

2594:

asked people to define their race and found the percentage of whites had risen to 80.5% (3,064,862); not because there has been an influx of whites to the island (or an exodus of non-White people), but a change of race perceptions, mainly because Puerto Rican elites wished to portray Puerto Rico as

2008:

The 1750 estimates show that there were 30,863 whites, out of a total population of 70,625, in the colony of Santo Domingo. The census of 1920 was the first national enumeration. The second census, taken in 1935, covered race, religion, literacy, nationality, labor force, and urban–rural residence.

7963:

PUERTO RICO: 17,572 whites; 5,037 slaves; 22,274 freed coloured people; total- 44,883. CUBA: 116,947 whites; 28,760 slaves; 24,293 freed coloured people; total- 170,000. SANTO DOMINGO: 30,863 whites; 8,900 slaves; 30,862 freed coloured people; total- 70,625. TOTAL SPANISH COLONIES: 165,382 whites;

3849:

A 2015 autosomal DNA study found Chile to be 55.16% European, 42.38% Native American and 2.44% African, using LAMP-LD modeling; and 54.38% European, 43.22% Native American, and 2.40% African, using RFMix. An autosomal DNA study from 2014 found the results to be 51.85% (± 5.44%) European, 44.34% (±

1800:

whilst it was absent in 48.2% of the analyzed babies. The Mongolian spot appears with a very high frequency (85-95%) in Native American, and African children, but can be present in some individuals in the Mediterranean populations. The skin lesion reportedly almost always appears on South American

818:

Unlike in the United States (where ancestry may be used exclusively to define race), by the 1970s, Latin American scholars came to agree that race in Latin America could not be understood as the "genetic composition of individuals" but instead must be "based upon a combination of cultural, social,

788:

that developed as many Europeans colonized large parts of the world and employed classificatory systems to distinguish themselves from the local inhabitants. However, while most present-day racial classifications include a concept of being white that is ideologically connected to European heritage

13083:

Bonilla, Carolina; Bertoni, Bernardo; González, Susana; Cardoso, Horacio; Brum-Zorrilla, Nadir; Sans, Mónica (May 2004). "Substantial native American female contribution to the population of Tacuarembó, Uruguay, reveals past episodes of sex-biased gene flow: Native American Admixture in Uruguay".

12795:

Levinson, David. 1998. Ethnic groups worldwide: a ready reference handbook. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 346. "Blanco or White is more a social-class designation than an ethnic one, as identification as a Blanco is based on a combination of white skin color, European features, speaking Spanish,

12533:

Homburger, Julian R.; Moreno-Estrada, Andrés; Gignoux, Christopher R.; Nelson, Dominic; Sanchez, Elena; Ortiz-Tello, Patricia; Pons-Estel, Bernardo A.; Acevedo-Vasquez, Eduardo; Miranda, Pedro; Langefeld, Carl D.; Gravel, Simon; Alarcón-Riquelme, Marta E.; Bustamante, Carlos D. (4 December 2015).

6034:

Levine-Rasky, Cynthia. 2002. "Working through whiteness: international perspectives. SUNY Press (p. 73) " 'Money whitens' If any phrase encapsulates the association of whiteness and the modern in Latin America, this is it. It is a cliché formulated and reformulated throughout the region, a truism

5766:

This blending of culture and genealogy is also reflected in the use of the terms "Spanish" and "white". For most of the colonial period, Americans of European descent were simply referred to as "Spaniards"; beginning in the late 18th century, the term "blanco" (white) came into increasing but not

4076:

According to the most recent 2022 National Population census, 2.2% of the population identified as white, down from 2010, where 6.1% of the population self-identified as such, and down from 10.5% in 2001. In Ecuador, being white is more an indication of social class than of ethnicity. Classifying

4017:

region preserve their Basque ethnic heritage. In Bogota, there is a small district/colonies of Basque families who emigrated as a consequence of Spain's Civil War or because of better opportunities. Basque priests were the ones that introduced handball into Colombia. Basque immigrants in Colombia

3765:

Following an increasing North to South gradient, European ancestry was the most prevalent in all urban populations (with values up to 74%). The populations in the North consisted of a significant proportion of Native American ancestry that was about two times higher than the African contribution.

2946:

White Panamanians are 6.7% of the population, with those of Spanish ancestry being in the majority. Other ancestries includes Dutch, English, French, German, Swiss, Danish, Irish, Greek, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian. There is also a sizable and influential Jewish community.

4174:

The exact percentage of the white Paraguayan population is not known because the Paraguayan census does not include racial or ethnic identification, save for the indigenous population, which was 1.7% of the country's total in the 2002 census. Other sources estimate the sizes of other groups, the

4932:

According to the official Venezuelan census, although "white" literally involves external issues such as light skin, shape and color of hair and eyes, among others, the term "white" has been used in different ways in different historical periods and places, so its precise definition is somewhat

3286:

offered to receive part of that emigratory wave in Argentina. On December 19, 1994, Resolution 4632/94 was enacted, allowing "special treatment" for applicants who wished to emigrate from the republics of the ex-Soviet Union. From January 1994 until December 2000, a total 9,399 Central and

2674:

Many of the first Spanish colonists in Costa Rica may have been Jewish converts to Christianity. The first sizable group of self-identified Jews immigrated from diaspora communities in Poland, beginning in 1929. From the 1930s to the early 1950s, journalistic and official anti-Semitic campaigns

1838:

in 1959, Cuba's white population diminished. Today, the various records that claim to show the percentage of whites in Cuba are conflicting and uncertain; some reports (usually coming from Cuba) still report a similar-to-pre-1959 number of 65%, and others (usually from outside observers) report

804:

In many parts of Latin America, being white is more a matter of socio-economic status than specific phenotypic traits, and it is often said that in Latin America "money whitens". Within Latin America there are variations in how racial boundaries have been defined. In Argentina, for example, the

4906:

In 2006, a new Enhanced National Household Survey touched on the topic again, but this time emphasizing ancestry, not race; the results revealed 5.8% more Uruguayans stated having total or partial black and/or Amerindian ancestry. This reduction in the percentage of self-declared "pure whites"

4894:

received part of the same migratory influx as Argentina, although the process started a bit earlier. During 1850–1900, the country welcomed four waves of European immigrants, mainly Spaniards, Italians and Frenchmen. In smaller numbers came British, Germans, Swiss, Russians, Portuguese, Poles,

4124:

attracted German immigration during the early 20th century. The Galápagos also had a small Norwegian fishing community until they were asked to leave. There are large populations of Italian, French, German, Basque, Portuguese, and Greek descent, as well as a small Ecuadorian Jewish population.

2992:

the genetic structure of Argentina would be: 78.0% European, 19.4% Amerindian and 2.5% African. Using other methods it was found that it could be: 80.2% European, 18.1% Amerindian and 1.7% African. A 2010 autosomal DNA study found the Argentine population to average 78.5 percent European, 17.3

3634:

After the end of the Second World War, European immigration diminished significantly, although between 1931 and 1963 1.1 million immigrants entered Brazil, mostly Portuguese. By the mid-1970s, some Portuguese immigrated to Brazil after the independence of Portugal's African colonies—from

10079:

1190:

As in Spain, persons of Moorish or Jewish ancestry within two generations were generally not allowed to enroll in the Spanish Army or the Catholic Church in the colonies, although this prohibition was inconsistently applied. Applicants to both institutions, and their spouses, had to obtain a

3660:

contributions were 0.62 EUR, 0.21 AFR, and 0.17AMR. The Southern region had a greater EUR contribution (0.77) than other regions. Individuals from the Northeast (NE) region had the highest AFR contribution (0.27) whereas individuals from the North regions had more AMR contribution (0.32)".

4902:

From 1996 to 1997, the National Institute of Statistics (INE) of Uruguay conducted a Continuous Household Survey, of 40,000 homes, that included the topic of race in the country. Its results were based on "the explicit statements of the interviewee about the race they consider they belong

9887:

Corach, Daniel; Lao, Oscar; Bobillo, Cecilia; Van Der Gaag, Kristiaan; Zuniga, Sofia; Vermeulen, Mark; Van Duijn, Kate; Goedbloed, Miriam; Vallone, Peter M.; Parson, Walther; De Knijff, Peter; Kayser, Manfred (January 2010). "Inferring Continental Ancestry of Argentineans from Autosomal,

3659:

genetic study, which also analysed data of 25 studies of 38 different Brazilian populations, concluded the following: "European (EUR) ancestry is the major contributor to the genetic background of Brazilians, followed by African (AFR), and Amerindian (AMR) ancestries. The pooled ancestry

2780:

Honduras contains perhaps one of the smallest percentages of whites in Latin America, according some census with only about 3% classified in this group. Another census indicates that only a 7.8% of the total population is white in Honduras. During the 19th century several immigrants from

6111:

The nature of Latin American societies as mestizo – with the variations that run from Argentina, where the image of mixture is downplayed in favor of whiteness, to Brazil or Mexico, where mixture is foregrounded in discourse on the nation – has powerfully shaped ideas about race in the

9657:

Salazar-Flores, J.; Zuñiga-Chiquette, F.; Rubi-Castellanos, R.; Álvarez-Miranda, J. L.; Zetina-Hérnandez, A.; Martínez-Sevilla, V. M.; González-Andrade, F.; Corach, D.; Vullo, C.; Álvarez, J. C.; Lorente, J. A.; Sánchez-Diz, P.; Herrera, R. J.; Cerda-Flores, R. M.; Muñoz-Valle, J. F.;

1187:, although the categories were rather fluid and inconsistently used. Under this system, those with one Indio great-grandparent but the remainder being Spaniards, were legally Spaniards. The offspring of a castizo and Spaniard was a Spaniard. The same was not true for African ancestry. 7835:

Cintado, A.; Companioni, O.; Nazabal, M.; Camacho, H.; Ferrer, A.; De Cossio, M. E. Fernandez; Marrero, A.; Ale, M.; Villarreal, A.; Leal, L.; Casalvilla, R.; Benitez, J.; Novoa, L.; Diaz-Horta, O.; Dueñas, M. (1 January 2009). "Admixture estimates for the population of Havana City".

3895:

elite that still dominates the country. An estimated 1.6 million (10%) to 3.2 million (20%) Chileans have a surname (one or both) of Basque origin. The Basques liked Chile because of its similarity to their native land: cool climate, with similar geography, fruits, seafood, and wine.

2975: 2743:), accounting 56% of population. Into the category Ladino, include part of Amerindians culturally Hispanic along people of mixed heritage, part of mixed Guatemalans could have important European ancestry or being castizo (mixed+white), specially in Metropolitan Areas and the East. 3249:

improved Europe's economy, and emigration was not such a necessity; but even then, between 1951 and 1970 another 256,252 Europeans entered Argentina. From the 1960s—when whites were 76.1% of the total—onward, increasing immigration from countries on Argentina's northern border

4249:

with 10% identifying as white. They are descendants primarily of Spanish colonists, and also of Spanish refugees fleeing the Spanish Civil War. After World War II, many German refugees fled to Peru and settled in large cities, while others descend from Italian, French (mainly

6014:(white) came into increasing but not exclusive use. Even those of presumably mixed ancestry may have felt justified in claiming to be Spanish (and later white) if they participated in the dominant culture by, for example, speaking Spanish and wearing European clothing.(p. 33) 1756:

one tenth to one fifth (the results of the 1921 census, however, have been contested by various historians and deemed inaccurate). Surveys that account for phenotypical traits and have performed actual field research suggest rather higher percentages: using the presence of

3865:, Chilean genetic admixture consists of 51.6% European, 42.1% Amerindian, and 6.3% African ancestry. According to an autosomal genetic study of 2014 carried out among soldiers in the city of Arica, Northern Chile, the European admixture goes from 56.8% in soldiers born in 2174:" the racial composition of the country, by rejecting black immigrants from Haiti and local blacks as foreigners. He also welcomed Jewish refugees in 1938 and Spanish farmers in the 1950s as part of this plan. The country's German minority is the largest in the Caribbean. 4952:

has European origin. Among the countries in the study (Argentina, Bahamas, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Colombia, El Salvador, Ecuador, Jamaica, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, and Venezuela), Colombia, Brazil, Venezuela, and Argentina exhibit the highest European contribution.

2602:

published a book titled Cuba and Porto Rico, with the other islands of the West Indies (1899), wrote that the island was "notable among the West Indian group for the reason that its preponderant population is of the white race" and "Porto Rico, at least, has not become

4178:

Due to the European migration in the 19th and 20th centuries, the majority of Paraguay's white population are of German descent (including Mennonites), with others being of French, Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese descent. Many are southern and southeastern Brazilians

3853:

A Chilean researcher in 2015 stated that "there are no Chileans without Amerindian or European ancestry". She also added that the average ancestry was 51% European, 44% Amerindian and 3% African, and that in the upper classes the average Amerindian ancestry was 35.2%.

3319:, and 555 (5.9%) traveled with a Soviet passport. 85% of the newcomers were under age 45 and 51% had tertiary-level education, so most of them integrated quite rapidly into Argentine society, although some had to work for lower wages than expected at the beginning. 4049:

In December 1941 the United States government estimated that there were 4,000 Germans living in Colombia. There were some Nazi agitators in Colombia, such as Barranquilla businessman Emil Prufurt. Colombia invited Germans who were on the U.S. blacklist to leave.

5908:("quality"); this concept was related to an idea of blood as conferring status, but there were also other elements, such as occupation and marriage, that could have the effect of blanqueamiento (whitening) on people and influence their upward social mobility. 5560:

Nuñez, Carolina; Baeta, Miriam; Sosa, Cecilia; Casalod, Yolanda; Ge, Jianye; Budowle, Bruce; Martínez-Jarreta, Begoña (December 2010). "Reconstructing the population history of Nicaragua by means of mtDNA, Y-chromosome STRs, and autosomal STR markers".

3236:

from South Africa, can be found in the Argentine immigration records. The city's motto is "Crespo: melting pot, culture of faith and hard work", referring to the Volga Germans, Italians, Spaniards, and other ethnicities that comprise its population.

11748: 8380: 827:

For these reasons, the distinction between "white" and "mixed", and between "mixed" and "black" and "indigenous", is largely subjective and situational, meaning that any attempt to classify by discrete racial categories is fraught with problems.

4089:, the average Ecuadorian genetic admixture is 64.6% Amerindian, 31.0% European, and 4.4% African. In 2015, another study showed the average Ecuadorian is estimated to be 52.96% Amerindian, 41.77% European, and 5.26% Sub-Saharan African overall. 3790:. This analysis, however, only shows a small fraction of a person's ancestry (the Y Chromosome comes from a single male ancestor and the mtDNA from a single female ancestor, while the contributions of the many other ancestors is not specified). 3004:(INDEC) does not conduct ethnic/racial censuses; so, no official data exist on the percentage of white Argentines today. White Argentines are dispersed throughout the country, but their greatest concentration is in the east-central region of 902:

The following table shows estimates (in thousands) of white, black/mulatto, Amerindian, and mestizo populations of Latin America, from the 17th to the 20th centuries. The figures shown are, for the years between 1650 and 1980, from the Arias'

7783:

Teruel, Beatriz Marcheco; Rodríguez, Juan J Llibre; McKeigue, Paul; Mesa T, Teresa Collazo; Fuentes, Evelyn; Cepero A, Adolfo Valhuerdi; Hernandez, Milagros A Guerra; Copeland JRM, John RM; Ferri, Cleusa P; Prince, Martin J (December 2011).

5767:

exclusive use. Even those of presumably mixed ancestry may have felt justified in claiming to be Spanish (and later white) if they participated in the dominant culture by, for example, speaking Spanish and wearing European clothing.(p. 33)

866:

origin began to arrive in the Americas in the 15th century since the first voyage of Christopher Columbus in 1492. Most early migrants were male, but by the early and mid-16th century, more and more women also began to arrive from Europe.

4018:

were devoted to teaching and public administration. In the first years of the Andean Multinational Company, Basque sailors navigated as captains and pilots on the majority of the ships until the country was able to train its own crews.

8528: 3527:

The white Brazilian population is spread throughout the country, but it is concentrated in the four southernmost states, where 79.8% of the population self-identify as white. The states with the highest percentage of white people are

3040:

people) before the wave of immigration of 1857-1940 and was the area where European newcomers settled the least. During the last few decades, due to internal migration from these north-western provinces—as well as to immigration from

1729:. In the 20th century, international political instability was a key factor to drive immigration to Mexico; in this era Greeks, Armenians, Poles, Russians, Lebanese, Palestinians and Jews, along with many Spanish refugees fleeing the 11724:"Chile's ethnic makeup is largely a product of Spanish colonization. About three fourths of Chileans are mestizo, a mixture of European and Amerindian ancestries. One-fifth of Chileans are of white European (mainly Spanish) descent. 10027:

Homburger, J. R.; Moreno-Estrada, A.; Gignoux, C. R.; Nelson, D.; Sanchez, E.; Ortiz-Tello, P.; Pons-Estel, B. A.; Acevedo-Vasquez, E.; Miranda, P.; Langefeld, C. D.; Gravel, S.; Alarcón-Riquelme, M. E.; Bustamante, C. D. (2015).

3085:, revealed that, of a total population of 37,130 inhabitants (in both the city and surrounding countryside), the Spaniards and Criollos numbered 25,451, or 68.55% of the total. Another census, carried out in the Corregimiento de 3100:(National Bureau of Migrations) states that the country received a total of 6,611,000 immigrants during the period from 1857 to 1940. The main immigrant group was 2,970,000 Italians (44.9% of the total), who came initially from 3466:

and Spanish refugees fleeing the 1936–1939 Spanish Civil War. These two groups have constituted much of the aristocracy since independence. Other groups within the white population are Germans, who founded the national airline

4899:'s population was born abroad, almost all in Europe. The Census conducted in 1860 showed that 35% of the country's population was made up by foreigners, although by the time of the 1908 Census this figure had dropped to 17%. 4171:), a measure taken to avoid a white majority occurring in Paraguay (De Francia believed that all men were equal as well), it was within little more than one generation that most of the population were of mixed racial origin. 7596: 3345:

According to Caputo et al., 2021, the study of autosomal DIPs show that the genetic contribution is 77.8% European, 17.9% Amerindian and 4.2% African. The X-DIPs matrilineal show 52.9% European, 39.6% Amerindian and 7.5%

3232:(48,000), Swiss (44,000), Belgians (26,000), Danes (18,000), white Americans (12,000), the Dutch (10,000), and the Swedish (7,000). 223,000 came from other countries not listed above. Even colonists from Australia, and 1879:

coming to the country. Historically, Chinese descendants in Cuba were classified as white. Though more recent censuses would add a yellow (or amarilla) racial category before its removal in 21st century census results.

3891:

girls have such eyes. Blonde hair is present in 2.2% and 21.3%, of lower-class and upper-middle girls respectively, whilst black hair is more common among lower-class girls (24.5%) than upper-middle class ones (9.0%).

5696:(accessed 2010-02-24). As such, it is not the religious profile of white Latin Americans in particular, but is a good indication of white religious affiliation in the region's white-majority countries, especially. 6179:

However, "black" and "indigenous" are often vaguely defined and there is an indecisive, subjective distinction between them and "mixed" and between the latter and "white" (hence the problems of enumerating these

1217:

is Brazil, with 88 million out of 203.0 million total Brazilians, or 43.4% of the total population, as of the 2022 census. Brazil's southern region contains the highest concentration, at 79% of the population.

1165:, Latin America's population has had a long history of intermixing. Today, many Latin Americans who have European ancestry, may have varying degrees of Indigenous or Sub-Saharan African ancestry as well. The 1724:

immigrants arrived to the country, either motivated by economic opportunity (Americans, Canadians, English), government programs (Italians, Irish, Germans) or political motives such as the French during the

823:

considerations". In Latin America, a person's ancestry may not be decisive in racial classification. For example, full-blooded siblings can often be classified as belonging to different races (Harris 1964).

2717:, in which geneticists from all over the continent and Japan participated, that the average genetic composition of the average Salvadoran is: 52% European, 40% Amerindian, 6% African and 2% Middle Eastern. 3471:, as well as Italians, Americans, Basques, Croats, Russians, Polish, English, Irish, and other minorities, many of whose members descend from families that have lived in Bolivia for several generations. 3281:

In 1992, after the fall of the Communist regimes of the Soviet Union and its allies, the governments of Western Europe were worried about a possible mass exodus from Central Europe and Russia. President

11767: 2675:

fueled harassment of Jews; however, by the 1950s and 1960s, the immigrants won greater acceptance. Most of the 3,500 Costa Rican Jews today are not highly observant, but they remain largely endogamous.

10894:(...) A população branca foi, assim, a única que diminuiu. Paula Miranda-Ribeiro, professora de demografia do Centro de Desenvolvimento e Planejamento Regional da UFMG, sublinha essa mudança cultural. 4887:

showed the genetic composition of Uruguay as primarily European, with Native American ancestry ranging from one to 20 percent and sub-Saharan African from seven to 15 percent, depending on the region.

11634:

Fuentes, Macarena; Pulgar, Iván; Gallo, Carla; Bortolini, María-Cátira; Canizales-Quinteros, Samuel; Bedoya, Gabriel; González-José, Rolando; Ruiz-Linares, Andrés; Rothhammer, Francisco (March 2014).

11583:

6630: 12438: 3761:

An autosomal study from 2013, of nearly 1,300 samples from all regions of Brazil, found predominantly European ancestry, combined with African and Native American contributions in varying degrees:

8624: 8511: 7390: 1768:

obtained a percentage of 18.8% having its higher frequency on the North region (22.3%–23.9%) followed by the Center region (18.4%–21.3%) and the South region (11.9%). Another study made by the

8539: 805:

notion of mixture has been downplayed. Alternately, in countries like Mexico and Brazil mixture has been emphasized as fundamental for nation-building, resulting in a large group of bi-racial

4006:

estimate that the ethnic composition of Colombia varies between 45.9% European, 33.8% Amerindian, and 20.3% African ancestry; and 62.5% European, 27.4% Amerindian, and 9.2% African ancestry.

12049: 7786:"Interactions between genetic admixture, ethnic identity, APOE genotype and dementia prevalence in an admixed Cuban sample; a cross-sectional population survey and nested case-control study" 2847:

However, most Hondurans consider themselves as mestizos, regardless of their ethnic category, which is why it is difficult to determine the actual white population of Honduras. According to

11766:

Ruiz-Linares, Andrés; Adhikari, Kaustubh; Acuña-Alonzo, Victor; Quinto-Sanchez, Mirsha; Jaramillo, Claudia; Arias, William; Fuentes, Macarena; Pizarro, María; Everardo, Paola (2014-09-25).

4245:

census 5.9% or 1.3 million people self-identified as white of the population. This was the first time the census had asked an ancestral identity question. The highest proportion was in the

11880:"...Basque families who migrated to Chile in the 18th century vitalized the economy and joined the old Castilian aristocracy to become the political elite that still dominates the country. 4988:, the Netherlands, and other European countries encouraged by a welcoming immigration policy to a prosperous, rapidly developing country where educated and skilled immigrants were needed. 10873: 1834:

White people in Cuba make up 64.1% of the total population, according to the census of 2012, with the majority being of Spanish descent. However, after the mass exodus resulting from the

4009:

Between 1540 and 1559, 8.9 percent of the residents of Colombia were of Basque origin. It has been suggested that the present day incidence of business entrepreneurship in the region of

1222:

received the largest number of European immigrants, with more than 7 million, second only to the United States, which received 24 million.In terms of percentage of the total population,

3880:

According to a study performed in 2014, 37.9% of Chileans self-identified as white, a subsequent DNA tests showed that the average self identifying white was genetically 54% European.

6363: 4077:

oneself as white is often done to claim membership to the middle class and to distance oneself from the lower class, which is associated being "Indian". For this reason the status of

5208: 3579:

in 1822, an estimated 600,000 to 800,000 Europeans had come to Brazil, most of them male settlers from Portugal. Rich immigrants who established the first sugarcane plantations in

2096: 7604: 9443: 13142: 10834: 7332: 3922:. The number of their descendants today is estimated to be 380,000, or 2.4% of the population. Other authors claim that close to 4.6% of the Chilean population must have some 2667:

Estimates of the percentage of white people vary between 77% and 82%, or about 3.1–3.5 million people. The white and mestizo populations combined equal 83%, according to the

5603: 1776:

found that the frequencies of blond hair and light eyes in Mexicans are of 18% and 28% respectively, surveys that use as reference skin color such as those made by Mexico's

6508: 11203:

Moura, RR; Coelho, AV; Balbino Vde, Q; Crovella, S; Brandão, LA (2015). "Meta-analysis of Brazilian genetic admixture and comparison with other Latin America countries".

6035:

dependent upon the social experience that wealth is associated with whiteness, and that in obtaining the former one may become aligned with the latter (and vice versa)."

4096:, are descendants of Spanish colonists and also Spanish refugees fleeing the 1936–1939 Spanish Civil War. Most still hold large amounts of lands, mainly in the northern 13350: 12076: 12028: 12008:

La población chilena con ascendencia vasca bordea entre el 15% y el 20% del total, por lo que es uno de los países con mayor presencia de emigrantes venidos de Euskadi.

11897: 12291: 8174: 6581: 4185:), as well as Argentines and Uruguayans, and their descendants. People from such regions are generally descendants of colonial settlers and/or more recent immigrants. 2678:

A study done in Costa Rica, in the province of Guanacaste, revealed that the average genetic admixture was 45% European, 33% indigenous, 14.6% black and 5.8% Asian.

1871:

immigrated to Cuba. Between 1901 and 1958, more than a million Spaniards arrived in Cuba from Spain; many of these and their descendants left after Castro's Communist

7696: 6470: 5449: 2657: 870:

After the Wars of Independence, the elites of most of the countries of the region concluded that their underdevelopment was caused by their populations being mostly

9061: 6454: 4910:

In 1997, the Uruguayan government granted residence rights to only 200 European/American citizens; in 2008 the number of residence rights granted increased to 927.

14533: 11957: 7296: 6843: 5282: 3001: 12461: 8869:

Cuba and Porto Rico: With the Other Islands of the West Indies: Their Topography, Climate, Flora, Products, Industries, Cities, People, Political Conditions, Etc

8852:

Cuba and Porto Rico: With the Other Islands of the West Indies: Their Topography, Climate, Flora, Products, Industries, Cities, People, Political Conditions, Etc

3240:

In the 1910s, when immigration reached its peak, more than 30% of Argentina's population had been born in Europe, and over half of the population of the city of

14381: 11393:"Consideraciones acerca del uso de la variable etnia/Raza en investigación epidemiológica para la Salud Pública: A propósito de investigaciones en inequidades" 3938: 9387: 12371: 1171:

categories used in 18th-century colonial Latin America designated people according to their ethnic or racial background, with the main classifications being

676:

during the colonial and post-colonial periods can be found throughout Latin America. Most immigrants who settled the region for the past five centuries were

10278: 6637: 5992:

Chambers, Sarah C. (2003). "Little Middle Ground The Instability of a Mestizo Identity in the Andes, 18th and 19th centuries". In Nancy P. Appelbaum (ed.).

5760:

Chambers, Sarah C. (2003). "Little Middle Ground The Instability of a Mestizo Identity in the Andes, 18th and 19th centuries". In Nancy P. Appelbaum (ed.).

13505: 8315: 7117:

Ethnic composition (2010): 64.3% mestizo; 15% Mexican white; 10.5% detribalized Amerindian; 7.5% other Amerindian; 1% Arab; 0.5% Mexican black; 1.2% other.

12446: 9337: 8621: 8508: 7645: 5693: 5680: 5124: 5120: 3342:: 78.0% European, 19.4% Amerindian and 2.5% African. Using other methods it was found that it could be: 80.2% European, 18.1% Amerindian and 1.7% African. 8344: 7387: 12010: 10731: 12233: 12193: 12153: 12885: 8265: 8093:

Según los datos del primer censo nacional, la población dominicana estaba compuesta por un 24.9% de blancos, (...) en 1920 había 223 144 blancos (...)

7351: 767:

in Latin America, conducted on a sample of 10,000 people from seven countries of the region, 34% of those interviewed identified themselves as white.

7937:

Engerman, Stanley L.; Higman, B. W. (2003). "The demographic structure of the Caribbean slave Societies in the eighteenth and nineteenth Centuries".

5318: 2247:

An early census on the island was conducted by Governor Francisco Manuel de Lando in 1530. An exhaustive 1765 census was taken by Lieutenant General

11940: 10197: 7915: 7883: 6487: 5728: 2590:

In 1899, one year after the U.S invaded and took control of the island, 61.8% identified as white. In 2000, for the first time in fifty years, the

1773: 14734: 13173: 8710: 5213: 13030: 11342: 10881: 6606: 6066: 14768: 14287: 13463:

refers to countries, regions and territories in which the majority ethnic group is generally considered to be people of white European descent.

12896: 2259:

was taken by the United States War Department. Since 1910, Puerto Rico has been included in every decennial census taken by the United States.

2251:, which, according to some sources, showed 17,572 whites out of a total population of 44,883. The censuses from 1765 to 1887 were taken by the 1781: 9607: 8793:

Loveman, Mara; Muniz, Jeronimo O. (December 2007). "How Puerto Rico Became White: Boundary Dynamics and Intercensus Racial Reclassification".

14127: 10938: 7245:

Ruiz-Linares, Andrés; Adhikari, Kaustubh; Acuña-Alonzo, Victor; Quinto-Sanchez, Mirsha; Jaramillo, Claudia; et al. (25 September 2014).

5707: 10372: 8161: 14596: 14581: 14538: 14513: 12705: 11107: 10761: 7670: 3778:

comes from a European male ancestor, only 2% from an African ancestor and there is a complete absence of Amerindian contributions. On the

14773: 14253: 11685: 6046: 3217: 12752: 11991:

Contacto Interlingüístico e intercultural en el mundo hispano.instituto valenciano de lenguas y culturas. Universitat de València Cita:

8246: 8203: 6974: 6795: 2163:. with the vast majority being of Spanish descent. Notable other ancestries includes French, Italian, Lebanese, German, and Portuguese. 14457: 9362: 9242: 7975: 7304: 6661: 5278: 3567:

In the 18th century, an estimated 600,000 Portuguese arrived, including wealthy immigrants, as well as poor peasants, attracted by the

1777: 14859: 14462: 3338: 2649:

opened, European migrants used Costa Rica to get across the isthmus of Central America to reach the west coast of the United States (

13262: 12734: 10831: 10307: 4984:), Italy (mainly from southern Italy and the Veneto region), and Portugal (from Madeira), as well as from Germany, France, England, 3793:

According to another study, those who identified as whites in Rio de Janeiro turned out to have 86.4% European ancestry on average.

11768:"Admixture in Latin America: Geographic Structure, Phenotypic Diversity and Self-Perception of Ancestry Based on 7,342 Individuals" 9660:"Admixture and genetic relationships of Mexican Mestizos regarding Latin American and Caribbean populations based on 13 CODIS-STRs" 8416: 7247:"Admixture in Latin America: Geographic Structure, Phenotypic Diversity and Self-Perception of Ancestry Based on 7,342 Individuals" 3930: 2993:

percent Native American, and 4.2 percent sub-Saharan African, in which 63.6% of the tested group had at least one ancestor who was

8673: 4996:

Some media outlets in the United States have criticized Latin American media for allegedly featuring a disproportionate number of

14869: 14864: 14854: 14849: 14586: 14452: 14447: 14325: 13723: 6504: 2849:

Admixture and genetic relationships of Mexican Mestizos regarding Latin American and Caribbean populations based on 13 CODIS-STRs

1696:

White Mexicans are for the most part descendants of Spanish immigrants who arrived mainly from northern regions of Spain such as

715:

Composing from 33% of the population as of 2010, according to some sources, White Latin Americans constitute the second largest

13697: 13379: 13150: 12778: 4062:. There are many Colombian-German companies focused on finance, science, education, technology and innovation, and engineering. 14376: 13440: 12273: 11826:"Sexual dimorphism in skin, eye and hair color and the presence of freckles in Chilean teenagers from two socioeconomic strata" 10960: 6821: 5403: 2664:. Options included indigenous, Black or Afro-descendant, Mulatto, Chinese, Mestizo, white and other on section IV: question 7. 1478: 6215: 2706:

According to the official 2007 Census in El Salvador, 12.7% of Salvadorans identified as being "white", and 86.3% as mestizo.

14386: 13615: 13358: 12689: 12619: 12594: 12509: 12242: 12202: 12162: 12073: 12025: 11894: 11162: 10228: 10181: 9942:

Part, María Del Carmen; Fernández, Vanesa; Rey, Jorge; Stern, Mariana C.; Carnese, Raúl F.; Fejerman, Laura (10 April 2012).

9496: 9453: 9287:"er extranjero en Centroamérica. Génesis y evolución de las leyes de extranjería y migración en El Salvador: siglos XIX y XX" 8132: 7954: 6883: 5976: 5937: 5896: 4973: 4156: 1717: 12375: 9263: 7528: 6693: 6124: 3070: 1761: 14391: 14320: 12114: 11316: 7495: 2808:

Of these the majority are people of Spanish descent. There is an important Spanish community mostly located in the city of

10494: 8952: 8925: 7707: 6467: 14664: 14630: 14625: 14330: 14204: 13925: 13482: 13280: 9068: 7412: 6900: 6750: 5375: 5184:[Ethnic Composition of the Three Cultural Areas of the American Continent at the Beginning of the 21st Century]. 5181: 5089: 2908: 2660:

recorded ethnic or racial identity for all groups separately for the first time in more than ninety-five years since the

1202: 776: 485: 22: 12658: 9519:"Imputación de datos faltantes del Censo de Población y Vivienda de Uruguay utilizando técnicas de estadística espacial" 7734:"Cuba: Exploring the History of Admixture and the Genetic Basis of Pigmentation Using Autosomal and Uniparental Markers" 7308: 6851: 5270: 4230: 3089:

in 1777, showed that the Spaniards and Criollos numbered 4,491 (or 51.24%) out of a population of 8,765 inhabitants. In

2988:

The ancestry of Argentines is mostly European, with both Native American and African contributions. According to a 2006

14601: 14437: 14422: 14280: 13673: 12475: 11922: 7505: 5064: 3082: 2931: 2912: 2878: 1889: 1173: 11923:"Diariovasco.com - EDICIÓN IMPRESA - "Los jóvenes vasco-chilenos están al día de todo lo que está pasando en Euskadi"" 10139:

Chamosa, Oscar (1 February 2008). "Indigenous or Criollo: The Myth of White Argentina in Tucumán's Calchaquí Valley".

4159:'s 1814 policy that no Spaniards and other Europeans could intermarry among themselves (they could only marry blacks, 3602:(Whitening). During the 19th century, the slave labor force was gradually replaced by European immigrants, especially 14442: 14432: 14427: 14396: 14350: 14345: 13057: 12387: 12349: 12327: 12130: 10407: 10358: 9128: 8734: 8038: 7161:

Ortiz-Hernández, Luis; Compeán-Dardón, Sandra; Verde-Flota, Elizabeth; Flores-Martínez, Maricela Nanet (April 2011).

7138: 7037: 7003: 6347: 6104: 5830: 5631: 5429: 4933:

confusing. Though the 2011 Venezuelan Census states that "White" in Venezuela is used to describe the Venezuelans of

4883: 3615:

entered Brazil, an average of 71,000 people per year, with the peak year being 1891, when 215,239 Europeans arrived.

2230: 1806: 1765: 13668: 3598:

After independence, Brazil saw several campaigns to attract European immigrants, which were prompted by a policy of

720: 14785: 14523: 14486: 14371: 14199: 12921: 11183: 763:) is the self-identification of many Latin Americans in some national censuses. According to a survey conducted by 481: 13211: 12050:"Jon Erdozia, nuevo Delegado en Chile: 'Iniciativas vasco chilenas como Emprebask son exportables a otros países'" 11735: 11638:[Gene geography of Chile. Regional distribution of American, European and African genetic contributions]. 11587:[Gene geography of Chile: regional distribution of American, European and African genetic contributions]. 9037:"¿Qué tan diferentes son en realidad los habitantes de Costa Rica a los del resto de los países centroamericanos?" 8483: 3077:

was significant in the cities and surrounding countryside, but not so much in the rural areas. The 1778 census of

13813: 10571:"Ancestral genetic legacy of the extant population of Argentina as predicted by autosomal and X-chromosomal DIPs" 10286: 9425: 4919: 2994: 785: 716: 13643: 8323: 6929:[Foreigners in Mexico, immigration and the government: tolerance or religious intolerance?, 1821-1830]. 6193: 3877:

in Northern Chile as well, the genetic admixture of Chile is 52% European, 44% Native American, and 4% African.

14844: 14780: 14335: 14046: 14015: 13763: 13744: 13692: 12639: 9630:"Censo estadounidense 2010: cifras e implicaciones de la mayor presencia de centroamericanos en Estados Unidos" 8181: 8003: 7445: 7059: 5825:. Naciones Unidas, CEPAL/ECLAC, Population Division, Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE). 4940:

According to the 2011 National Population and Housing Census, 43.6% of the population identified themselves as

4556: 4126: 3787: 2961: 2160: 2126: 2111: 2010: 1788:

A study performed in hospitals of Mexico City reported that an average 51.8% of Mexican newborns presented the

12922:"II CENSO NACIONAL INDÍGENA DE POBLACIÓN Y VIVIENDAS 2002. Pueblos Indígenas del Paraguay. Resultados Finales" 12819: 8355: 6505:"Censo 2022: Pela 1ª vez, Brasil se declara mais pardo que branco; populações preta e indígena também crescem" 1888:

City (209 individuals), and the contribution of parental populations to its genetic pool. A contribution from

1752:. However, recent immigrants from southern Mexico have been changing, to some degree, its demographic trends. 14756: 14273: 14189: 13796: 13686: 12007: 10739: 8750:

Rigau-Pérez, José G. (1985). "Strategies that led to the eradication of smallpox in Puerto Rico, 1882-1921".

8402: 6555: 4217: 2775: 2618:, Puerto Rican genetic admixture consists in a 60.3% European, 26.4% African, and 13.2% Amerindian ancestry. 13653: 12414: 12248: 12208: 12168: 11636:"Geografía génica de Chile: Distribución regional de los aportes genéticos americanos, europeos y africanos" 11585:"Geografía génica de Chile: Distribución regional de los aportes genéticos americanos, europeos y africanos" 11526:

Eyheramendy, Susana; Martinez, Felipe I.; Manevy, Federico; Vial, Cecilia; Repetto, Gabriela M. (May 2015).

10511: 9312: 8107:

Dominican Republic, Summary of Biostatistics: Maps and Charts, Population, Natality and Mortality Statistics

7898:

Dominican Republic, Summary of Biostatistics: Maps and Charts, Population, Natality and Mortality Statistics

6025:

Wade, Peter. 1997. Race and Ethnicity in Latin America. Critical Studies On Latin America. Pluto Press p. 15

3437: 14746: 14692: 14574: 14569: 13975: 13710: 12470: 11072:"Fim da escravidão gera medidas de apoio à imigração no Brasil - 16/02/2005 - Resumos - História do Brasil" 11042:[The role of international migration on the evolution of the Brazilian population (1872 to 1972)]. 8269: 7500:. M. Amer, R.A.C. Graham-Brown, S.N. Klaus, J.L. Pace. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 197. 7435: 7348: 6927:"Los extranjeros en México, la inmigración y el gobierno: ¿tolerancia o intolerancia religiosa?, 1821-1830" 6371: 4116:

of Ecuador, due to the arrival of Frenchmen in the area, who came to measure the arc of the Earth. Cuenca,

4013:

is attributable to the Basque immigration and character traits. Today many Colombians of the Department of

3093:(city and countryside) the Spanish/Criollo people comprised a 39.36% (about 14,170) of 36,000 inhabitants. 2930:

genetic background, primarily of Spanish (43.63%) but also of German, French, and Italian ancestry; 28% of

1683: 11865: 7089:

mestizo (Amerindian-Spanish) 62%, predominantly Amerindian 21%, Amerindian 7%, other 10% (mostly European)

5446: 5310: 2922:

A study called "Genomic Components in America's demography" published in 2017, estimates that the average

14729: 14401: 14237: 13717: 12982: 10616: 8597: 5211:[Census 2010: general characteristics of the population, religion and people with disabilities]. 5112: 4960:

indicates a 60.6% European, 23.0% Amerindian, and 16.3% African ancestry. Spaniards were introduced into

3998:

that also coincides with the research done by Schwartzman, forming the second largest racial group after

3712: 3403: 2687: 1876: 1840: 1518: 1498: 1198: 13180:

The demographic and socioeconomic profile of the Uruguayan population according to their racial ancestry

11944: 10393: 7371: 6993: 3397: 21:

For European-descended people of Hispanic/Latino heritage living in or native to the United States, see

14649: 14637: 14528: 14355: 14340: 13780: 13638: 13628: 13433: 13001: 12331: 8057: 6587:. Santo Domingo: Oficina Nacional de Estadística de la República Dominicana. September 2021. p. 22 5508: 3456:

White people in Bolivia make up 5% of the nation's population. The white population consists mostly of

1844: 1298: 13236: 12806:

Montinaro, F.; Busby, G. B.; Pascali, V. L.; Myers, S.; Hellenthal, G.; Capelli, C. (March 24, 2015).

12376:"El crecimiento de la población latinoamericana y en especial de Chile • Academia Chilena de Medicina" 11397: 9220: 9144: 14724: 14709: 14659: 14654: 14020: 13969: 13941: 11377:

Valenzuela C. (1984). Marco de Referencia Sociogenético para los Estudios de Salud Pública en Chile.

11354: 8563: 6926: 6613: 6063: 4300:, Peruvian genetic admixture indicates 73.0% Amerindian, 15.1% European, and 11.9% African ancestry. 3992: 3500:

Brazil is one of the few countries in Latin America that includes racial categories in its censuses:

3124:. The second group in importance was Spaniards, some 2,080,000 (31.4% of the total), who were mostly 2864: 2591: 2081: 1769: 1744:

the majority of Mexicans in these regions have no native admixture and their aspect resemble that of

1598: 1458: 1398: 1278: 12500:

Bushnell, David; Hudson, Rex A. (2010). "The Society and Its Environment". In Hudson, Rex A. (ed.).

10260: 10247:

por C. S. Assadourian – C. Beato – J. C. Chiaramonte. Ed. Hyspamérica. Buenos Aires, 1986. Cited in

8807: 8291: 6903:[Associations of foreign immigrants in Mexico City. A look at the end of the 20th century]. 6751:"Composición Étnica de las Tres Áreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI" 6328:, escrita por Esther and Mortimer Arias. Editorial New York Friendship Press. 1980. Páginas 17 y 18. 6314: 6125:"Sample Chapter for Telles, E.E.: Race in Another America: The Significance of Skin Color in Brazil" 5182:"Composición Étnica de las Tres Áreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI" 4297: 4086: 3862: 3492: 2615: 14674: 14591: 14406: 14305: 13500: 11962:"Imaginarios vascos desde Chile La construcción de imaginarios vascos en Chile durante el siglo XX" 10946: 10907: 8646: 8232: 4927: 4193: 3728: 3696: 3351: 2969: 2965: 2851:, the genetic composition of most Hondurans is 58.4% European, 36.2% Amerindian, and 5.4% African. 2767: 2199:

That 5% minority group comprises people of many different ethnic and national backgrounds, who are

1749: 1658: 1438: 1418: 12410: 9411: 9198: 9018:"Culture of Costa Rica - history, people, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, marriage" 8487: 5748:

For instance, in the global chain of otherness, upper-class Euro-Latinos can be located... (p. 10)

3468: 3371:

Northeast Zone (Misiones, Corrientes, Chaco & Formosa provinces): 54% European and 46% others.

14795: 14242: 14051: 13849: 11255: 11115: 10002: 9123:(in Spanish). Translated by Jorge Federico Travieso. Tegusigalpa, Honduras: Editorial Guaymuras. 6901:"Asociaciones de inmigrantes extranjeros en la ciudad de México: Una mirada a fines del siglo XX" 5209:"Censo Demográfico 2010: Características gerais da população, religião e pessoas com deficiência" 4071: 3986: 3933:

in the German states, a significant German immigration took place, laying the foundation for the

3193: 3069:

settled in the Río de la Plata region. The colonial censuses conducted after the creation of the

2927: 2874: 2731: 2700: 2661: 2256: 1737: 1638: 1578: 1258: 863: 12713: 10768: 9092: 7732:

Marcheco-Teruel, B; Parra, EJ; Fuentes-Smith, E; Salas, A; Buttenschøn, HN; et al. (2014).

5929: 5799: 5532: 3857:

Studies estimates the white population at 20%, to 52.7% of the Chilean population. According to

890:

policies to promote European immigration, and some were quite successful, especially Argentina,

14818: 14719: 14714: 14699: 14642: 14557: 13935: 13843: 13704: 13604: 13545: 13413:

Purchasing whiteness: Pardos, mulattos, and the quest for social mobility in the Spanish Indies

12871: 12867: 12236:[Results of the X Population Census of the Republic of Chile: Dated November 27, 1930] 10570: 8981: 8802: 8442: 8350: 7468: 6096: 5888: 4934: 3545: 3529: 3225: 3017: 2817: 1538: 1378: 1358: 11089: 11071: 10392:"Inmigración, Cambio Demográfico y Desarrollo Industrial en la Argentina". Alfredo Lattes and 9756: 8867: 8850: 8438: 7027: 6873: 6385: 5820: 5705: 2915:. This fluctuates with changes in migration patterns. The population is 58% urban as of 2013. 1226:

has the highest concentrations of whites, who constitute 92% of their total population, while

14687: 14159: 13510: 13426: 12972: 12949: 12156:[Report Presented to the Supreme Government by the Central Commission of the Census] 10369: 10167: 9656: 9036: 8775: 8250: 8207: 8122: 8105: 7469:"Congenital Dermal Melanocytosis (Mongolian Spot): Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology" 7128: 5656: 5039: 3903: 3802: 3487: 2248: 1726: 1687: 1618: 1338: 10569:

Caputo, M.; Amador, M. A.; Sala, A.; Riveiro Dos Santos, A.; Santos, S.; Corach, D. (2021).

7896: 7597:"Censo en Cuba concluye que la población decrece, envejece y se vuelve cada vez más mestiza" 6725: 6404: 6088: 6006:. For most of the colonial period, Americans of European descent were simply referred to as 5921: 5880: 5465: 4830: 4205: 3090: 14823: 14010: 13832: 13823: 13807: 13535: 13175:

El perfil demográfico y socioeconómico de la población uruguaya según su ascendencia racial

12823: 11709: 11539: 11270: 10793: 10636: 9955: 9806: 7076: 5967:. In Valenzuela, Eduardo; Schwartzman, Simón; Biehl, Andrés; Valenzuela, J. Samuel (eds.). 5781: 5608: 5034: 5025: 4676: 4014: 4010: 3831: 3810: 3744: 3680: 3631:. During the period 1821–1932, Brazil received an estimated 4,431,000 European immigrants. 3474:

Comparatively, Bolivia experienced far less immigration than its South American neighbors.

3267: 3054: 1558: 1318: 732: 13131:[The birth of Modern Uruguay in the second half of the 19th century] (in Spanish). 11686:""No hay ningún chileno que no tenga ancestría amerindia o europea. Todos somos mestizos"" 10880:(in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro. Infoglobo Comunicação e Participações S.A. Archived from 10003:"El mito de la "nación blanca": por qué Argentina necesita repensar su identidad nacional" 9172: 9118: 6782: 4596: 4121: 3564:(43.6%). São Paulo has the largest population in absolute numbers with 30 million whites. 3541: 2877:

ancestry predominates in majority of Nicaraguans at 69% genetic contribution, followed by

8: 14177: 14172: 14164: 14005: 13930: 13737: 13566: 13471: 13266: 11528:"Genetic structure characterization of Chileans reflects historical immigration patterns" 10315: 9608:"Lebanese Diaspora leaders urge Christians Sunnis, Druse to resist Hezbollah – Ya Libnan" 7497:

Global Dermatology: Diagnosis and Management According to Geography, Climate, and Culture

4756: 4696: 4225: 3021: 2234: 1789: 756: 12827: 11543: 11274: 11090:"Café atrai imigrante europeu para o Brasil - 22/02/2005 - Resumos - História do Brasil" 10640: 9959: 9781: 7101: 5961: 5242: 3837:

57.2% European; 38.7% amerindian; 2.5% African; 1.7% Asiatic; (Homburger et al., 2015):

14682: 14149: 14144: 13920: 13598: 13540: 13520: 13128: 13109: 12977: 12844: 12807: 12562: 12535: 12439:"Reisen Sie nach Chile? Reiseziele zu den wichtigsten touristischen Sehenswürdigkeiten" 11794: 11560: 11527: 11503: 11476: 11452: 11427: 11293: 11258: 11238: 11008: 10983: 10708: 10683: 10659: 10624: 10598: 10546: 10519: 10116: 10081: 10056: 10029: 9978: 9943: 9923: 9861: 9834: 9733: 9708: 9548: 8828: 8820: 8759: 8685: 7861: 7812: 7785: 7760: 7733: 7273: 7246: 7227: 7219: 7160: 6938: 6290: 5716:

Latino/as are multiracial (Afro-Latinos, Indo-Latinos, Asian-Latinos, and Euro-Latinos)

5708:"Latin@s in the World-System: Decolonization Struggles in the 21st Century U.S. Empire" 5116: 4331: 4258: 4246: 3999: 3962: 3549: 3463: 2891: 2668: 2632: 2252: 2156: 1851:, or Russian ancestry. During the 18th, 19th, and early 20th centuries, large waves of 1809:(shortened as IMSS) nationwide, around half of Mexican babies have the Mongolian spot. 1764:

calculated the percentage of said ethnic group at 23%. With a similar methodology, the

1473: 1193: 301: 13387: 8175:"Breve Encuesta Nacional de Autopercepción Racial y Étnica en la República Dominicana" 7626: 7557: 6582:"Breve Encuesta Nacional de Autopercepción Racial y Étnica en la República Dominicana" 6269:"Whiteness in Latin America: measurement and meaning in national censuses (1850-1950)" 4816: 4590: 4254:), Austrian or German, Portuguese, British, Russians and Croatian immigrant families. 3870: 2844:

were classified as white in national censuses; around 300,000 Arabs live in Honduras.

886:" was required, or at least desirable. Most Latin American countries then implemented 14518: 14214: 14154: 14119: 14000: 13910: 13791: 13731: 13550: 13101: 12849: 12685: 12615: 12590: 12567: 12515: 12505: 12383: 12313: 12126: 11847: 11824:

Valenzuela, Carlos Y.; Alvarado, Orlando; von Beck, Petra; Zemelman, Viviana (2002).

11799: 11667: 11616: 11565: 11508: 11457: 11298: 11230: 11040:"O papel da migração internacional na evolução da população brasileira (1872 a 1972)" 11013: 10968: 10713: 10664: 10602: 10590: 10551: 10403: 10354: 10224: 10177: 10121: 10103: 10061: 9983: 9915: 9901: 9866: 9738: 9689: 9589: 9552: 9540: 9492: 9449: 9286: 9124: 8832: 8767: 8396: 8128: 8034: 8024: 7999: 7993: 7950: 7853: 7817: 7765: 7501: 7441: 7278: 7231: 7184: 7134: 7033: 6999: 6879: 6343: 6294: 6254: 6100: 6089: 5972: 5933: 5922: 5892: 5881: 5826: 5722: 5578: 5059: 4981: 4923: 4371: 4266: 4146: 3954: 3923: 3866: 3783: 3770:

According to a genetic study about Brazilians (based upon about 200 samples), on the

3607: 3576: 3533: 2243:

The Riefkohl and Verges children of German descent in Maunabo, Puerto Rico (c. 1890s)

1860: 1730: 1721: 685: 681: 666: 556: 526: 13113: 12504:. Washington, D.C.: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. pp. 86–87. 12277: 11842: 11825: 11652: 11635: 11601: 11584: 11411: 11392: 11242: 11147: 11130: 11056: 11039: 10699: 9724: 9017: 7989: 7865: 7179: 7162: 6829: 6636:(in Spanish). Dirección General de Estadística y Censos. p. 273. Archived from 4576: 4168: 4042:

is the second largest mosque in Latin America. Middle Easterns are generally called

3553: 3537: 2885:

ancestry at 11%, making Nicaragua the country with one of the highest proportion of

1201:, a freed-black military officer of the Spanish Army during the 18th century at the 14093: 13801: 13786: 13774: 13633: 13609: 13592: 13587: 13332: 13093: 12839: 12831: 12557: 12547: 12441:[Are you travelling to Chile? Major tourist destinations and attractions]. 11974: 11837: 11789: 11779: 11657: 11647: 11606: 11596: 11555: 11547: 11498: 11488: 11447: 11439: 11406: 11288: 11278: 11220: 11212: 11170: 11142: 11051: 11003: 10995: 10703: 10695: 10654: 10644: 10582: 10541: 10531: 10473:

Recent Migration from Central and Eastern Europe to Argentina, a Special Treatment?

10148: 10111: 10093: 10051: 10041: 9973: 9963: 9927: 9905: 9897: 9856: 9846: 9835:"Argentine Population Genetic Structure: Large Variance in Amerindian Contribution" 9728: 9720: 9679: 9671: 9637: 9579: 9530: 9484: 8812: 8697: 7942: 7845: 7807: 7797: 7755: 7745: 7299:[March 21: International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination] 7268: 7258: 7211: 7174: 6280: 6227: 5570: 5273:[March 21: International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination] 4876: 4670: 4431: 4293: 4278: 4242: 4082: 3982: 3858: 3568: 3458: 3086: 3013: 2841: 2747: 2739:

In the recent 2018 Census, those mestizos and whites are included in one category (

2611: 2208: 2171: 2003: 1872: 1864: 1835: 1818: 1805:, while having a very low frequency (5–10%) in European children. According to the 883: 742: 501: 493: 13281:"Resultado Básico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2011 (Mayo 2014)" 9476: 8381:"The Polish Influence in Casale, Haiti and Contribution to the Haitian Revolution" 7411:

Magaña, Mario; Valerio, Julia; Mateo, Adriana; Magaña-Lozano, Mario (April 2005).

7202:

Villarreal, Andrés (2010). "Stratification by Skin Color in Contemporary Mexico".

5376:"Resultado Básico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2011 (Mayo 2014)" 4514: 4234: 14790: 14224: 14030: 13995: 13915: 13769: 13679: 13658: 13525: 13515: 13306: 12552: 12106: 12080: 12032: 12014: 11901: 11784: 11493: 11283: 10838: 10649: 10536: 10498: 10376: 10098: 10046: 9968: 9659: 9642: 9629: 9488: 9429: 8779: 8738: 8628: 8515: 8084: 7750: 7536: 7394: 7355: 7263: 6474: 6132: 6070: 5998:

This blending of culture and genealogy is also reflected in the use of the terms

5706:

Ramón Grosfoguel, Nelson Maldonado-Torres, José David Saldívar (April 15, 2006).

5453: 5069: 4969: 4736: 4616: 4536: 4311: 4152: 4109: 4003: 3978: 3966: 3911: 3620: 3483: 3416: 3125: 2837: 2829: 2751: 2204: 2167: 1868: 1852: 1741: 709: 662: 505: 497: 12642:[The Muslim community of Maicao (Colombia)] (in Spanish). Archived from 11320: 10724: 9584: 9567: 8927:

O impacto das migrações na constituição genética de populações latino-americanas

7946: 6530: 6433: 6268: 5343: 4656: 4365: 3965:. The Chilean Embassy in Germany estimated that 150,000 to 200,000 Chileans are 2692: 820: 14209: 14061: 14025: 13980: 13902: 13881: 13663: 13648: 13582: 13495: 10586: 10491: 10472: 9888:

Y-Chromosomal and Mitochondrial DNA: Genetic Ancestry in Extant Argentineans".

9675: 8931: 8846: 8816: 8247:"Sitios patrimonio de la humanidad: San Pedro de Macorís, República Dominicana" 7060:"Household Mobility and Persistence in Guadalajara, Mexico: 1811–1842, page 62" 6967: 5847: 5742:

Various (2001). "Introduction". In Agustín Laó-Montes and Arlene Dávila (ed.).

5044: 4977: 4716: 4134: 4130: 3934: 3907: 3806: 3173: 3153: 3074: 3062: 3029: 3025: 2821: 2809: 2798: 2794: 2604: 2599: 2595:

the "white island of the Antilles", partly as a response to scientific racism.

2218: 1856: 1797: 1691: 887: 693: 677: 572: 509: 13055: 11765: 10492:"Ukrainians, Russians and Armenians, from professionals to security guardians" 10455: 10152: 9271: 8999: 7849: 7297:"21 de Marzo: Día Internacional de la Eliminación de la Discriminación Racial" 7244: 5271:"21 de Marzo: Día Internacional de la Eliminación de la Discriminación Racial" 4081:

is claimed by people who are not primarily of European heritage. According to

3379:

Other studies indicate that the genetic composition between regions would be:

3287:

Eastern Europeans traveled and settled in Argentina. Of the total, 6,720 were

1154: 844: 14838: 14296: 14132: 14103: 14098: 14088: 13193: 12536:"Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America" 12234:

Censo de Población de la República de Chile: Effectuado del 27 Noviembre 1930

12122: 11477:"Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America" 10520:"Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America" 10419: 10107: 10082:"Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America" 10030:"Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America" 9593: 9544: 9338:"La historia del diplomático católico que salvó 40 mil judíos del holocausto" 7215: 4776: 4770: 4610: 4453: 4351: 4282: 4262: 4251: 4189: 4117: 3842: 3821:

Marco de referencia sociogenético para los estudios de salud pública en Chile

3644: 3592: 3588: 3544:(70.4%). Another five states that have significant proportions of whites are 3521: 3316: 3246: 3189: 3165: 3156:

came some 177,000 people (2.6%), who were not only ethnic Russians, but also

3129: 2740: 2200: 2183: 2013:

will be the first census since 1960 to gather data on ethnic identification.

1848: 1713: 1214: 689: 604: 560: 530: 13265:[North American and European immigration in Uruguay]. Archived from 12292:"Historia de Chile, Británicos y Anglosajones en Chile durante el siglo XIX" 10811: 7802: 7388:"Encuesta Nacional sobre Discriminación 2017. ENADIS. Diseño muestral. 2018" 4750: 14194: 14108: 13985: 13965: 13895: 13449: 13105: 12853: 12659:"En la tierra de las oportunidades : los sirios-libaneses en Colombia" 12571: 11918: 11851: 11803: 11671: 11620: 11569: 11512: 11302: 11234: 11017: 10717: 10668: 10594: 10555: 10169:

Los hombres barbados en la América precolombina: razas indígenas americanas

10125: 10065: 9987: 9919: 9870: 9742: 9693: 8462: 7857: 7821: 7769: 7627:"Etat des propriétés rurales appartenant à des Français dans l'île de Cuba" 7282: 7188: 6956: 6153: 5969:

Vínculos, Creencias e Ilusiones: La cohesión social de los Latinoamericanos

5582: 5084: 4941: 4796: 4636: 4630: 4468: 4391: 4270: 4027: 3915: 3839:

Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America

3775: 3572: 3557: 3462:, which consist of families of unmixed Spanish ancestry descended from the 3283: 3241: 3228:. Other minor groups were the Portuguese (65,000), Slavic peoples from the 3078: 2935: 2904: 2833: 2825: 2646: 737: 657: 620: 592: 576: 522: 12357: 11830:

Viviana Zemelman, Petra von Beck, Orlando Alvarado and Carlos y Valenzuela

11461: 11259:"Revisiting the Genetic Ancestry of Brazilians Using Autosomal AIM-Indels" 10625:"Heterogeneity in Genetic Admixture across Different Regions of Argentina" 10279:"Feditalia - Confederación General de Federaciones Italianas en Argentina" 10198:"Bolivianos en la Argentina: cómo viven este momento histórico de su país" 9944:"Heterogeneity in Genetic Admixture across Different Regions of Argentina" 9448:. United States of America: The University Press of Kentucky. p. 35. 9243:"Españoles en El Salvador a fines del siglo XIX y principios del Siglo XX" 8771: 8731: 7440:(3, illustrated ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 90. 5001: 4488: 4257:

The regions with the highest proportion of self-identified whites were in

4237:, typical dress of white upper-class women from Lima during colonial times 3906:

has some French ancestry. Over 700,000 (4.5%) Chileans may be of British (

3611: 2239: 14704: 14265: 14219: 14081: 13990: 13490: 12154:

Memoria Presentada al Supremo Gobierno por la Comision Central del Censeo

12110: 11443: 11225: 10437: 10248: 9572:

Revista de Estudios Históricos de la Masonería Latinoamericana y Caribeña

9535: 9518: 7976:

Dominican Republic Foreign Policy and Government Guide Volume 1 Strategic

7916:"El tema étnico-racial en los censos nacionales de población de RD (Y 3)" 4836: 4474: 4286: 4181: 4055: 3221: 3169: 3161: 3032:), which was the most densely populated region of the country (mainly by 2980: 2882: 2873:

and to a 2010 research published in the journal "Physical Anthropology",

2832:). Another large migratory group in Honduras is the Arabs, predominantly 2813: 2726: 2213: 1513: 1493: 1162: 815:, in Brazil, who are considered neither fully white nor fully non-white. 401: 361: 60:

Figures exclude French, Dutch, and English-speaking areas of the Americas

13622: 12753:"Más mestizos, menos afros y pocos blancos: así se ven los ecuatorianos" 11662: 11611: 9445:

Hitler's Man in Havana: Heinz Luning and Nazi Espionage in Latin America

8824: 8763: 8228: 7413:"Alteraciones cutáneas del neonato en dos grupos de población de México" 7223: 6942: 6796:"Más mestizos, menos afros y pocos blancos: así se ven los ecuatorianos" 4325: 4133:

arriving in the South of the country in the 16th and 17th centuries and

3815:

Various autosomal studies have shown the following admixture in Chile:

3425: 14739: 14182: 14066: 13947: 13875: 13097: 12835: 12335: 11551: 11216: 10874:"Censo 2010: população do Brasil deixa de ser predominantemente branca" 10684:"Interethnic admixture and the evolution of Latin American populations" 9910: 9851: 9785: 9709:"Interethnic admixture and the evolution of Latin American populations" 9684: 8028: 6313:. by Arthur P. Whitaker. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc, 1984. Cited in 5679:

More precisely, these are the chief languages of Latin America, as per

5574: 5005: 4896: 4790: 4570: 4494: 4425: 3640: 3580: 3300: 3288: 3271: 3213: 3157: 3152:(239,000, 3.6% of the total) and Poles (180,000 – 2.7%). From the 3033: 2923: 2860: 2650: 1757: 1293: 871: 855: 793: 728: 624: 608: 588: 241: 13143:"Encuesta Continua de Hogares Módulo de Raza Principales Resultadosde" 9422: 8110:. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. 1945. p. 41. 7731: 6285: 6173:

Wade, Peter (2008). "Race in Latin America". In Poole, Deborah (ed.).

6087:

Wade, Peter (2008). "Race in Latin America". In Poole, Deborah (ed.).

5604:"2020 Census Illuminates Racial and Ethnic Composition of the Country" 5495:

La lucha por la tierra en el Paraguay: Proceso histórico y legislativo

1736:

Mexico's northern and western regions have the highest percentages of

14543: 14139: 14056: 13870: 13530: 13129:"El nacimiento del Uruguay Moderno en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX" 11736:

El Gradiente Sociogenético Chileno y sus Implicaciones Etico-Sociales

10020: 8883: 7901:. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. 1945. p. 5. 5692:

The religious profile of the Latin American countries can be seen in

5049: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4949: 4710: 4405: 4221: 4105: 3942: 3937:

community. Sponsored by the Chilean government, to "unbarbarize" and

3887: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3296: 3263: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3137: 3009: 2782: 2771: 2696: 2196:

make up about 5% of its population, while 95% is of African descent.

1793: 1745: 1697: 1593: 1453: 1393: 1273: 1219: 1143: 701: 640: 568: 552: 421: 381: 181: 121: 12643: 12532: 11391:

Vanegas l, Jairo; Villalón c, Marcelo; Valenzuela y, Carlos (2008).

10078: 10026: 9700: 6074: 4345: 3958: 2895:

consider that Nicaragua's population averages phenotypically at 69%

836: 13838: 13311: 12661:[In the land of opportunity: Syrian-Lebanese in Colombia]. 12493: 10999: 10399:

Argentina: 1516-1982 From Spanish Colonisation to the Falklands War

10350:

Argentina: 1516-1982 From Spanish Colonisation to the Falklands War

10215:

Vitale, Luis (1992). "Modos de producción y formaciones sociales".

8266:"A Case of Mistaken Identity: Antihaitianismo in Dominican Culture" 7493: 7163:"Racism and mental health among university students in Mexico City" 4730: 4550: 4529: 4385: 4151:

Ethnically, culturally, and socially, Paraguay has one of the most

3950: 3883: 3779: 3771: 3656: 3606:. This mostly took place after 1850, as a result of the end of the 3603: 3595:

fleeing from religious persecution, were among the early settlers.

3359: 3328: 3292: 3259: 3209: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3101: 3050: 2989: 2889:

ancestry in Latin America. Non-genetic self-reported data from the

2755: 1705: 1653: 1433: 1413: 1227: 1178: 850: 673: 612: 596: 564: 461: 281: 141: 12519: 11823: 10568: 8698:

Puerto Rico: 2010 - Summary Population and Housing Characteristics

8033:. Washington, DC: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. 7998:. Washington, DC: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. 4810: 3610:

in the Atlantic Ocean and the growth of coffee plantations in the

3561: 3406:: 52% European, 27% Amerindian ancestry, 9% African and 9% others. 3220:, with the majority of these being Irish immigrants arriving via " 1213:

The country with the largest number of Euro-Latino inhabitants in

14076: 12808:"Unravelling the hidden ancestry of American admixed populations" 11993:"Un 20% de la población chilena tiene su origen en el País Vasco" 10397: 10348: 9388:"Castellanos, el Schindler salvadoreño, salta a la gran pantalla" 8598:"Report on the census of Porto Rico, 1899 Census of "Porto Rico"" 7981: 5421: 5079: 5074: 5054: 4985: 4891: 4508: 4164: 4160: 4035: 3919: 3628: 3275: 3251: 3229: 3197: 3181: 3177: 3133: 3042: 3037: 2900: 2896: 2786: 2637: 2189: 1802: 1701: 1633: 1573: 1253: 1223: 1183: 891: 879: 875: 724: 697: 580: 548: 536: 341: 321: 261: 12101: 12099: 12097: 12095: 12093: 8884:"Cuba and Porto Rico, with the other islands of the West Indies" 4690: 4650: 3188:, some 174,000 in all (2.6%). Then come the immigrants from the 2797:

arrived to Honduras. Some of these Europeans were Jews from the

2758:

migration throughout Nineteen and Twenty Century in the country

14071: 13418: 11390: 10982:

Carvalho-Silva DR, Santos FR, Rocha J, Pena SD (January 2001).

9412:

https://c1.staticflickr.com/5/4307/35125440893_3566ed7714_o.jpg

8049: 7834: 7415:[Skin lesions two cohorts of newborns in Mexico City]. 7410: 7077:"The World Factbook: North America: Mexico: People and Society" 4945: 4411: 4274: 4059: 4051: 4039: 4023: 3946: 3636: 3205: 3201: 3121: 3105: 3005: 2974: 2886: 2802: 1885: 1829: 1709: 1533: 1373: 1353: 731:) in the region. Latin American countries have often tolerated 628: 616: 600: 441: 101: 81: 11202: 10353:

escrito por David Rock. University of California Press, 1987.

10339:, de Ricardo.Levene. University of North Carolina Press, 1937. 8167: 8098: 5848:"Las etnias centroamericanas en la segunda mitad del siglo XX" 3355:: 78.5% European, 17.3% Amerindian, and 4.2% African ancestry. 3196:

came 111,000 people (1.6%), among them Austríans, Hungarians,

2203:, Spanish, Polish and other European ancestry, as well as the 13888: 13082: 12090: 11525: 10981: 9568:"El templo de Colohete (Honduras) y su significado simbólico" 7782: 7697:"El Color de la Piel según el Censo de Población y Viviendas" 7349:"Resultados del Modulo de Movilidad Social Intergeneracional" 6778: 6776: 4997: 4113: 4101: 4038:, as well as Orthodox and Maronite Christians. The mosque of 4031: 3624: 3584: 3575:. By the time of Brazilian independence, declared by emperor 3374:

Northwest Zone (Salta Province): 33% European and 67% others.

3233: 3185: 2790: 2193: 1613: 1333: 1167: 1149: 811: 705: 636: 584: 161: 12779:"Población del país es joven y mestiza, dice censo del INEC" 10953: 10217:

Introducción a una teoría de la historia para América Latina

9886: 8669: 8667: 8180:. Santo Domingo: Fondo de Población de las Naciones Unidas ( 7964:

42,967 slaves; 77,429 freed coloured people; total- 285,508.

7632: 7029:

Ensayos sobre historia de la población. México y el Caribe 2

3391:

Northwest Zone: 55% European, 35% Amerindian and 10% African

2207:, arriving from the Polish legion and during the Holocaust, 12382:. Madrid: Real Academia Nacional de Medicina. p. 217. 11819: 11817: 11815: 11813: 11633: 11582: 11426:

Cruz-Coke, Ricardo & Moreno, Rodrigo (September 1994).

10190: 10174:

Bearded Men in Pre-Columbian America: Native American Races

8622:

El crecimiento poblacional en Puerto Rico: 1493 al presente

8509:

El crecimiento poblacional en Puerto Rico: 1493 al presente

7133:. Penguin Random house Grupo Editorial Mexico. p. 86. 6574: 6402: 5313:[National Survey on Discrimination in Mexico 2010] 4851: 4446: 4201: 3388:

Northeast Zone: 79% European, 17% Amerindian and 4% African

3255: 3046: 1553: 1313: 632: 221: 201: 13182:]. Encuesta Nacional de Hogares Ampliada (in Spanish). 12805: 8091:(in Spanish). Fondo De Cultura Economica USA. p. 62. 8062:(in Spanish). Santo Domingo: Ediciones Taller. p. 217 7025: 6773: 5694:

CIA – The World Factbook – Field Listing :: Religions

5681:

CIA – The World Factbook – Field Listing :: Languages

3918:) or Irish origin. Another significant immigrant group is 3368:

South Zone (Chubut Province): 54% European and 46% others.

3333:: 67% European, 28% Amerindian, 4% African and 1.4% Asian. 2746:

The most common European ancestry in Guatemalans mixed is

13056:

Carlos Miranda Loayza; Daniel Abuhadba Rodrigues (2007).

8711:"Puerto Rico Population Declined 11.8% From 2010 to 2020" 8664: 8162:

Power and Television in Latin America: The Dominican Case

6875:

Mineros y comerciantes en el México borbónico (1763-1810)

4137:

during the 1930s in the main cities of Quito and Cuenca.

3382:

Central Zone: 81% European, 15% Amerindian and 4% African

3148:. In smaller but significant numbers came Frenchmen from 1785:

numbers of people from said groups surveyed more people.

11810: 10448: 3053:—the percentage of white Argentines in certain areas of 11468: 10984:"The Phylogeography of Brazilian Y-Chromosome Lineages" 10412: 9940: 8617: 8615: 8089:

Breve Historia Contemporánea de la República Dominicana

7079:. The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) 6623: 6326:

The Cry of My People. Out of Captivity in Latin America

5822:

International migration and development in the Americas

5311:"Encuesta Nacional Sobre Discriminación en Mexico 2010" 3385:

South Zone: 68% European, 28% Amerindian and 4% African

672:

Direct descendants of European settlers who arrived in

12612:

Possible Paradises: Basque Emigration to Latin America

11428:"Genetic epidemiology of single gene defects in Chile" 10562: 8229:"Revista Electrónica de Geografía y Ciencias Sociales" 7019: 3819:

67.9% European; 32.1% amerindian; (Valenzuela, 1984):

2869:

According to a 2014 research published in the journal

2735:

Italians in the central park of Guatemala City (1900).

12196:[Population Census of the Republic of Chile] 11384: 10402:

by David Rock. University of California Press, 1987.

10363: 10132: 7574: 6985: 6612:. Solidaridad Internacional Andalucía. Archived from 5818: 5559: 3826:

64.0% European; 35.0% amerindian; (Cruz-Coke, 1994):

2170:

made a point of increasing the white population, or "

13031:"Establecerán nueva colonia de alemanes en Paraguay" 12684:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 117. 12105: 11345:[From racial thinking to rational thinking] 11131:"A assimilação dos imigrantes como questão nacional" 10430: 8612: 8292:"The Dominican Republic's Haven for Jewish Refugees" 7494:

Lawrence C. Parish; Larry E. Millikan, eds. (2012).

6865: 6306: 6304: 5919: 5878: 5404:"DEMOGRÁFICOS : Censos de Población y Vivienda" 5015: 3850:

3.9%) Native American, and 3.81% (± 0.45%) African.

3828:

Genetic epidemiology of single gene defects in Chile

3216:. Roughly 75,000 people came from what was then the 292: 12680:Leonard, Thomas M.; Bratzel, John F., eds. (2006). 8674:

The population of the United States and Puerto Rico

8641: 8639: 8637: 8518:(Population of Puerto Rico 1493 - present) Page 11. 7671:"Report on the Census of Cuba, Census of Cuba 1899" 5782:

South America: Postindependence overseas immigrants

5488: 5486: 4964:during the colonial period. Most of them were from 4890:Between the mid-19th and the early 20th centuries, 3873:. According to a study from 2013, conducted by the 3496:

Italian immigrants newly arrived in Brazil in 1890.

3365:

Buenos Aires Province: 76% European and 24% others.

10827: 10825: 10732:"Reference Populations – Geno 2.0 Next Generation" 10249:Revisionistas. La Otra Historia de los Argentinos. 9481:World Englishes : Volume III: Central America 6844:"Conozca más de nuestras costumbres y tradiciones" 6255:Ideologia do Branqueamento - Racismo á Brasileira? 5991: 5904:distinguished the various social groups was their 5759: 5427: 5305: 5303: 5265: 5263: 5203: 5201: 5199: 4108:. There is also a large number of white people in 3941:, these Germans (including German-speaking Swiss, 796:, a specialist in race concepts of Latin America, 13263:"Inmigracion norteamericana y europea en Uruguay" 11371: 10261:"90.01.06: South American Immigration: Argentina" 9293:. Universidad Centroamericana "José Simeón Cañas" 8023: 7987: 7910: 7908: 7437:Nursing Care of Older Adults: Theory and Practice 6975:"For Migrants, New Land of Opportunity Is Mexico" 6748: 6449: 6447: 6301: 6218:[The Emigration of Europeans to America] 6191: 5845: 5179: 3524:" were applied, would classify them as "Pardos". 2159:'s population, according to a 2021 survey by the 1760:as reference to classify a Mexican as white, the 1230:has the smallest white population, with only 1%. 14836: 13011:(in Spanish). Paris, France: Université de Paris 12995: 12993: 12991: 12638:Cock, Diego Andrés Rosselli (15 December 2005). 12633: 12631: 10921:"Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática - SIDRA" 10851:"Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática - SIDRA" 10370:Migration and Nationality Patterns in Argentina. 10312:Municipalidad de la Ciudad de Crespo, Entre Ríos 10237: 10176:] (in Spanish). Editorial Kier. p. 79. 8634: 8592: 8383:. Archived from the original on 25 February 2014 7333:" Visión INEGI 2021 Dr. Julio Santaella Castell" 7066:, 8 December 2016. Retrieved on 9 December 2018. 6411:. Langley, Virginia: Central Intelligence Agency 6250: 6248: 5744:Mambo Montage: The Latinization of New York City 5483: 3362:: 65% European, 31% Amerindian, and 4% African. 1740:population, according to the American historian 1720:; however in the 19th and 20th century many non- 897: 12657:Fawcett, Louise; Carbó, Eduardo Posada (1992). 11425: 10822: 9707:Salzano, Francisco Mauro; Sans, Mónica (2014). 8919: 8917: 8915: 8913: 8911: 8909: 8907: 8905: 8590: 8588: 8586: 8584: 8582: 8580: 8578: 8576: 8574: 8572: 8151:. Oficina Nacional del Censo. 1966. p. 32. 8083: 8055: 7646:"In Cuba, Finding a Tiny Corner of Jewish Life" 7289: 6991: 6701:Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática 6607:"Voluntariado internacional 2013 – EL SALVADOR" 6057: 6010:; beginning in the late 18th century, the term 5598: 5596: 5594: 5592: 5300: 5260: 5234: 5232: 5214:Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística 5196: 4948:study shows that about 60.6% of the Venezuelan 2255:who conducted them at irregular intervals. The 1153:. 18th century, Museo Nacional del Virreinato, 13009:XIV Encuentro de Latinoamericanistas Españoles 12679: 12584: 12499: 11198: 11196: 10245:Argentina: de la Conquista a la Independencia. 9749: 8079: 8077: 7936: 7905: 7417:Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México 7120: 7026:Sherburne Friend Cook; Borah, Woodrow (1998). 6444: 5955: 5953: 4991: 3400:: 60% European, 31% Amerindian and 9% African. 1782:National Institute of Statistics and Geography 1774:National Institute of Anthropology and History 14281: 13434: 13171: 13149:(in Spanish). 24 January 2003. Archived from 12988: 12966: 12640:"La comunidad musulmana de Maicao (Colombia)" 12628: 12464:[German minorities in Latin America] 12409: 11941:"entrevista al Presidente de la Cámara vasca" 11702: 11343:"Do pensamento racial ao pensamento racional" 8647:"Puerto Rico Census of 1910, 1920 & 1930" 8375: 8373: 7401:, 6 August 2018, Retrieved on 10 August 2018. 7378:, 6 August 2018, Retrieved on 10 August 2018. 7372:"Encuesta Nacional sobre Discriminación 2017" 6688: 6686: 6684: 6682: 6428: 6426: 6337: 6245: 5962:"Etnia, condiciones de vida y discriminacion" 5428:Abuhadba Rodrigues, Daniel (1 January 2007). 3002:National Institute of Statistics and Censuses 750: 392: 352: 13351:"Racial Bias Charged On Spanish-language Tv" 13002:"Inmigrantes Europeos en Paraguay 1818 1930" 12999: 12656: 12578: 12194:Censeo de Población de la República de Chile 11975:"De los vascos en Chile y sus instituciones" 11911: 11033: 11031: 11029: 11027: 10396:. Cuaderno Nº 5 del CENEP (1978). Citado en 9565: 8902: 8792: 8686:Summary Population, Housing Characteristics. 8569: 7381: 7365: 7069: 6920: 6918: 6749:Lizcano Fernandez, Francisco (August 2005). 6631:"VI Censo de población y V de vivienda 2007" 6342:. University of Illinois Press. p. 29. 5727:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 5629: 5589: 5398: 5396: 5370: 5368: 5366: 5364: 5229: 5180:Lizcano Fernández, Francisco (August 2005). 4196:, re-migrated and established a new colony, 3073:showed that the proportion of Spaniards and 1762:Metropolitan Autonomous University of Mexico 735:since the beginning of the colonial period. 684:; after independence, the most numerous non- 232: 12614:. University of Nevada Press. p. 203. 12589:. University of Nevada Press. p. 167. 12419:. Santiago de Chile: Editorial Andrés Bello 12247:(Report) (in Spanish). 1930. Archived from 12207:(Report) (in Spanish). 1920. Archived from 12167:(Report) (in Spanish). 1907. Archived from 11858: 11576: 11193: 10908:Blacks in Brazil: the myth and the reality. 10681: 10223:] (in Spanish). Planeta. pp. 71–. 9706: 9435: 8749: 8127:. Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. p. 51. 8074: 7362:, 16 June 2017, Retrieved on 30 April 2018. 7339:, 03 July 2017, Retrieved on 30 April 2018. 7094: 6892: 6878:. Fondo de Cultura Economica. p. 150. 6788: 6172: 6155:The Japanese in multiracial Peru, 1899-1942 6086: 6064:Do pensamento racial ao pensamento racional 5959: 5950: 5924:Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity and Society 5883:Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity and Society 5317:(in Spanish). Mexico: CONAPRED. June 2011. 3218:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 1177:(used to refer to Native American people), 784:is a term that emerged from a tradition of 412: 372: 172: 112: 14295: 14288: 14274: 13441: 13427: 12585:Douglass, William A.; Bilbao, Jon (2005). 11890: 11888: 11474: 11419: 10910:by Charles Whitaker. Ebony Magazine, 1991. 10843: 9828: 9826: 9566:Ventura Lara, Libny Rodrigo (2014-05-01). 9441: 9062:"Vi Censo de Población V de Vivienda 2007" 8631:(Population of Puerto Rico 1493 - present) 8370: 7879: 7877: 7875: 7201: 6898: 6694:"Censo 2017 Perú: Perfil Sociodemográfico" 6679: 6423: 5175: 5173: 5171: 5169: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5161: 5159: 5157: 5155: 5153: 3266:in certain areas of Argentina, especially 2820:who descend from British settlers (either 2715:Genomic Components in America's demography 2019:Identifying as European / white 1750-1960 1892:was not detectable in the studied sample. 1839:40–45%. Although most white Cubans are of 1778:National Council to Prevent Discrimination 452: 272: 132: 12843: 12561: 12551: 12459: 12274:"5% de los chilenos tiene origen frances" 12069: 12067: 12065: 12063: 11933: 11841: 11793: 11783: 11661: 11651: 11610: 11600: 11559: 11502: 11492: 11451: 11410: 11292: 11282: 11224: 11146: 11055: 11038:Levy, Maria Stella Ferreira (June 1974). 11024: 11007: 10707: 10658: 10648: 10545: 10535: 10517: 10221:Modes of production and social formations 10115: 10097: 10055: 10045: 9977: 9967: 9909: 9860: 9850: 9839:American Journal of Physical Anthropology 9732: 9683: 9658:Rangel-Villalobos, H. (1 February 2015). 9641: 9583: 9534: 9432:INE (Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas). 9221:"La storia degli italiani in El Salvador" 8924:Godinho, Neide Maria de Oliveira (2008). 8806: 7995:Dominican Republic : country studies 7930: 7811: 7801: 7759: 7749: 7564:, January 2012. Retrieved on 3 July 2017. 7272: 7262: 7178: 7126: 6998:. Harvard University Press. p. 104. 6915: 6284: 6216:"L'emigració dels europeus cap a Amèrica" 5777: 5775: 5563:American Journal of Physical Anthropology 5393: 5361: 5151: 5149: 5147: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5139: 5137: 5135: 5133: 5108: 5106: 4155:populations in South America. Because of 3339:American Journal of Physical Anthropology 3322:Genetic studies of Argentina population: 3262:) significantly increased the process of 2641:Family of German immigrants in Costa Rica 700:, followed by other Europeans as well as 332: 312: 252: 13304: 13204: 13186: 13060:[European immigration to Peru]. 12284: 11128: 11108:"IBGE | Portal do IBGE | IBGE" 10961:"IBGE | Portal do IBGE | IBGE" 10939:"IBGE | Portal do IBGE | IBGE" 8149:Cuarto censo nacional de población, 1960 7988:Helen Chapin Metz, ed. (December 1999). 7886:By Michael R. Haines, Richard H. Steckel 7558:"Tienen manchas mongólicas 50% de bebés" 6488:"IBGE | Portal do IBGE | IBGE" 6364:"IBGE | Portal do IBGE | IBGE" 6175:Companion to Latin American Anthropology 6091:Companion to Latin American Anthropology 5994:Race and Nation in Modern Latin American 5762:Race and Nation in Modern Latin American 4229: 3491: 3020:. Their concentration is smaller in the 2973: 2730: 2691: 2636: 2265:European / white population 1530 - 2020 2238: 1142: 843: 835: 432: 92: 72: 13380:"Film Description - Corpus - POV - PBS" 13260: 13172:Bucheli, Marisa; Cabela, Wanda (2006). 12650: 12603: 12328:"Splitski osnovnoškolci rođeni u Čileu" 12019: 11885: 10381:Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, 1976 10138: 9823: 9218: 8923: 7872: 6871: 6273:Journal de la société des américanistes 6266: 5741: 5492: 5440: 3869:to 41.2% for the ones who were born in 3823:, fuente: Revista Chilena de Pediatría. 2645:From the late 19th century to when the 152: 14837: 13415:. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 13126: 13023: 12609: 12462:Deutsche Minderheiten in Lateinamerika 12060: 10871: 10214: 10165: 10000: 9882: 9880: 9832: 9116: 8700:2010 Census of Population and Housing. 8417:"Polish Haitians: How They Came to Be" 8141: 7594: 7433: 6924: 5996:. University of North Carolina Press. 5791: 5772: 5764:. University of North Carolina Press. 5130: 5103: 5008:, relative to the overall population. 1801:and Mexican children who are racially 212: 192: 14269: 13422: 13127:Barrán, José Pedro (September 1995). 12587:Amerikanuak: Basques In The New World 12460:Rosenberg, Peter (7 September 2001). 12370: 11960:Ainara Madariaga: Autora del estudio 11917: 10762:"Brazil - the Country and its People" 10622: 10342: 10208: 9628:Rocha, José Luis (13 December 2011). 9627: 9516: 9240: 9199:"Francois Louis Héctor de Carondelet" 8056:Franco Pichardo, Franklin J. (2009). 7884:A Population History of North America 7521: 7342: 7326: 6925:Enciso, Fernando Saúl Alanís (1996). 6720: 6718: 6511:from the original on 22 December 2023 6208: 6177:. Blackwell publishing. p. 184. 5846:Lizcano Fernández, Francisco (2004). 5555: 5553: 5434:Biblioteca Universitaria de la UNSAAC 5324:from the original on November 8, 2012 3061:437,669 Spaniards who settled in the 1997: 14248: 13147:El Instituto Nacional de Estadística 12942: 12637: 12474:(Report) (in German). Archived from 12350:"Hrvatski Dom - Inmigrantes Croatas" 12325: 11340: 11037: 10872:Duarte, Alessandra (29 April 2011). 9219:Colombo, Alessandra (10 July 2003). 9000:"The Jewish Community in Costa Rica" 8865: 8845: 8688:Puerto Rico: 2000 Census. (Page 52). 8120: 6899:Palma Mora, Mónica (December 2005). 6403:Central Intelligence Agency (2016). 6047:"IBGE - sala de imprensa - notícias" 5797: 3420: 2293: 2279: 2033: 1239:Percent (%) of the local population 67:Regions with significant populations 13926:Pre-modern conceptions of whiteness 12673: 12610:Pastor, José Manuel Azcona (2004). 11759: 10767:. www.brazil.org.uk. Archived from 10141:Hispanic American Historical Review 9877: 9799: 9517:Riaño, María Eugenia (2019-12-30). 9363:"Salvadoreño Salvo a 50 mil judíos" 9034: 8752:Bulletin of the History of Medicine 8204:"Origen de la población dominicana" 8124:Historia de la República Dominicana 8030:Dominican Republic: country studies 7706:. pp. 8, 17–18. Archived from 7461: 6396: 5121:Field Listing :: Ethnic groups 5090:Race and ethnicity in Latin America 3016:and in the north-eastern region of 1203:Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose 777:Race and ethnicity in Latin America 23:White Hispanic and Latino Americans 16:Latin Americans of European descent 13: 13405: 13000:Benítez Martínez, María Victoria. 12083:DE LOS VASCOS, OÑATI Y LOS ELORZA 12035:DE LOS VASCOS, OÑATI Y LOS ELORZA 11904:DE LOS VASCOS, OÑATI Y LOS ELORZA 11341:Pena, Sergio Danilo (2014-05-22). 11163:"Memórias da Emigração Portuguesa" 10736:Genographic.nationalgeographic.com 10166:Grasso, Dick Edgar Ibarra (1997). 9284: 9241:Jorge, Ferrer (6 September 2003). 6715: 5920:Schaefer, Richard T., ed. (2008). 5879:Schaefer, Richard T., ed. (2008). 5649: 5550: 5501: 5458: 5065:Indigenous peoples of the Americas 4192:who migrated to Germany after the 3650: 3071:Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata 2621: 1890:Indigenous peoples of the Americas 55:40.0% of Latin American population 14: 14881: 13086:American Journal of Human Biology 12950:"Paraguay: People; Ethnic groups" 12682:Latin America During World War II 12445:(in German). 2008. Archived from 12074:De los Vascos, Oñati y los Elorza 12026:De los Vascos, Oñati y los Elorza 11895:De los Vascos, Oñati y los Elorza 11205:American Journal of Human Biology 10682:Salzano, F. M.; Sans, M. (2013). 9173:"La Gente Blanca de Chalatenango" 8463:"Haiti And The German Connection" 8263: 7595:Copesa, Grupo (8 November 2013). 7307:. 2017. p. 7. Archived from 6267:Loveman, Mara (5 December 2009). 6192:Tereixa Constenla (29 May 2012). 5657:"Honduras; People; Ethnic groups" 5288:from the original on May 25, 2017 4884:American Journal of Human Biology 4306:White population by region, 2017 3949:and Austrians) settled mainly in 3774:side, 98% of the white Brazilian 3098:Dirección Nacional de Migraciones 2713:Genetic study of the publication 2231:Spanish settlement of Puerto Rico 1807:Mexican Social Security Institute 1766:American Sociological Association 911:. Percentages are by the editor. 14860:Ethnic groups in Central America 14247: 14200:White genocide conspiracy theory 13506:Democratic Republic of the Congo 13448: 13372: 13343: 13325: 13305:Quinonez, Ernesto (2003-06-19). 13298: 13273: 13254: 13229: 13212:"Uruguay: People: Ethnic Groups" 13165: 13135: 13120: 13076: 13049: 12914: 12878: 12860: 12799: 12789: 12771: 12745: 12727: 12698: 12663:Boletín Cultural y Bibliográfico 12526: 12453: 12431: 12403: 12364: 12342: 12319: 12304: 12266: 12226: 12186: 12146: 12042: 11998: 11985: 11967: 11951: 11741: 11729: 11678: 11627: 11519: 11475:Homburguer; et al. (2015). 11334: 11309: 11249: 11177: 11155: 11122: 11100: 11082: 11064: 10975: 10931: 10913: 10901: 10865: 10804: 10786: 10754: 10675: 10485: 10466: 10386: 10330: 10300: 10271: 10253: 10159: 10072: 9994: 9934: 9902:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2009.00556.x 9774: 9650: 9621: 9600: 9559: 9510: 9469: 9423:Censo Población y Vivienda, 2018 9416: 9405: 9380: 9355: 9330: 9305: 9278: 9256: 9234: 9212: 9191: 9165: 9137: 9110: 9093:"El Salvador-The World Factbook" 9085: 9054: 9028: 9010: 8992: 8974: 8945: 8876: 8859: 8839: 8786: 8743: 8725: 8703: 8691: 8679: 8557: 8521: 8502: 8476: 8455: 8431: 8409: 8337: 8308: 8289: 8283: 8257: 8239: 8221: 8196: 8155: 8114: 7969: 7939:General History of the Caribbean 7889: 7828: 7776: 7725: 6822:"Embajada de Honduras en México" 6726:"Bolivia: People; Ethnic groups" 6386:"Argentina - The World Factbook" 6340:Black society in Spanish Florida 6095:. Blackwell publishing. p. 6044: 5533:"El Salvador-The World Factbook" 5125:Field Listing :: Population 5018: 4850: 4829: 4809: 4789: 4769: 4749: 4729: 4709: 4689: 4669: 4649: 4629: 4609: 4589: 4569: 4549: 4528: 4507: 4487: 4467: 4445: 4424: 4404: 4384: 4364: 4344: 4324: 4157:José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia 3424: 3192:, some 152,000 (2.2%). From the 2950: 1672: 1652: 1632: 1612: 1592: 1572: 1552: 1532: 1512: 1492: 1472: 1452: 1432: 1412: 1392: 1372: 1352: 1332: 1312: 1292: 1272: 1252: 1205:fort in St. Augustine, Florida. 848:White Mexican women wearing the 727:people (Amerindian and European 454: 434: 414: 394: 374: 354: 334: 314: 294: 274: 254: 234: 214: 194: 174: 154: 134: 114: 94: 74: 12119:Historia Contemporánea de Chile 11843:10.4067/S0034-98872002000800006 11653:10.4067/S0034-98872014000300001 11602:10.4067/S0034-98872014000300001 11412:10.4067/S0034-98872008000500014 11353:(in Portuguese). Archived from 11148:10.1590/S0104-93131997000100004 11057:10.1590/S0034-89101974000500003 10700:10.1590/s1415-47572014000200003 10575:Molecular Genetics and Genomics 10518:Homburger; et al. (2015). 10480:Revista Argentina de Sociología 9807:"Panama; People; Ethnic groups" 9782:"Urban population (% of total)" 9725:10.1590/s1415-47572014000200003 9264:"EL SALVADOR:population growth" 7704:Cuba Statistics and Information 7689: 7663: 7638: 7619: 7588: 7567: 7551: 7487: 7427: 7404: 7238: 7195: 7180:10.1590/s0036-36342011000200005 7154: 7053: 6949: 6836: 6814: 6783:CIA World Factbook : Haiti 6742: 6654: 6599: 6548: 6531:"Raza/Etnia a la que pertenece" 6523: 6497: 6480: 6461: 6378: 6356: 6331: 6319: 6260: 6185: 6166: 6146: 6117: 6080: 6038: 6028: 6019: 5985: 5913: 5872: 5839: 5812: 5753: 5735: 5699: 5686: 5673: 5632:"Población panameña (página 2)" 5623: 5525: 5344:"Raza/Etnia a la que pertenece" 4920:Venezuelans of European descent 3270:, because those countries have 2919:newspapers, hotels, and banks. 1772:in collaboration with Mexico's 1649: 1629: 1609: 1589: 1569: 1549: 1529: 1509: 1489: 1469: 1449: 1429: 1409: 1389: 1369: 1349: 1329: 1309: 1289: 1269: 1249: 14870:Ethnic groups in South America 14865:Ethnic groups in the Caribbean 14855:Ethnic groups in North America 14850:Ethnic groups in Latin America 14040:Negative stereotypes of Whites 12326:Ilić, Merien (25 March 2009). 10688:Genetics and Molecular Biology 10001:Campos, Delfina (2021-07-13). 9713:Genetics and Molecular Biology 8953:"INEC Cuestionario Censo 2022" 8182:United Nations Population Fund 8059:Historia del Pueblo Dominicano 5819:CELADE (Organization) (2001). 5336: 2962:Argentines of European descent 2871:Genetics and Molecular Biology 2681: 2224: 2161:United Nations Population Fund 2011:2022 Dominican Republic Census 1208: 770: 1: 14190:White Anglo-Saxon Protestants 13058:"Inmigración Europea al Perú" 12243:National Statistics Institute 12203:National Statistics Institute 12163:National Statistics Institute 9313:"El Refugio en Latinoamerica" 8484:"Haiti Net Foreign Relations" 8316:"...no hicieron Las Américas" 8184:). September 2021. p. 22 8164:By Antonio V. Menéndez Alarcó 6535:Latinobarómetro 2023 Colombia 6162:(Thesis). UC San Diego. 2009. 5746:. Columbia University Press. 5509:"D.R.: People; Ethnic groups" 5466:"Uruguay: People and Society" 5447:The Official 2012 Cuba Census 5430:"Inmigración Europea al Perú" 5348:Latinobarómetro 2023 Colombia 5096: 4218:Peruvians of European descent 4208:), in southeastern Paraguay. 3096:Data provided by Argentina's 3057:has decreased significantly. 3012:, the west-central region of 2816:. There are also people from 2776:Spanish migration to Honduras 2626: 1812: 898:Historical demographic growth 50:191.5 million – 220.6 million 14582:Central banks and currencies 13976:Missing white woman syndrome 13261:triloko (27 February 2011). 13237:"Higher Education - Pearson" 13037:(in Spanish). 26 August 2005 12735:"Auswärtiges Amt - Colombia" 12553:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602 12471:European University Viadrina 11785:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004572 11494:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602 11379:Revista Chilena de Pediatría 11319:. 2007-08-29. Archived from 11284:10.1371/journal.pone.0075145 10650:10.1371/journal.pone.0034695 10537:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602 10314:(in Spanish). Archived from 10099:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602 10047:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602 9969:10.1371/journal.pone.0034695 9833:Seldin; et al. (2006). 9757:"Central America: Nicaragua" 9643:10.5377/encuentro.v44i90.598 9489:10.5040/9781474205979.ch-003 8866:Hill, Robert Thomas (1899). 8795:American Sociological Review 8354:. March 2005. Archived from 7918:(in Spanish). 5 October 2022 7751:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004488 7264:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004572 7204:American Sociological Review 7127:Navarrete, Federico (2016). 6995:THE UNITED STATES AND MEXICO 6226:(in Catalan). Archived from 6194:"The women who made America" 5800:"Migration to Latin America" 4913: 3939:colonize the southern region 3176:the contribution was mainly 3065:, between 10,500 and 13,125 3024:(mainly in the provinces of 2955: 2881:ancestry at 20%, and lastly 2854: 2720: 1684:Mexicans of European descent 1138: 7: 14539:Liberalism and conservatism 14128:US definitions of whiteness 12983:Central Intelligence Agency 10623:Avena; et al. (2012). 10478:by María José Marcogliese. 9585:10.15517/rehmlac.v6i1.15228 9442:Schoonover, Thomas (2008). 8529:"El -Censo de Lando (1530)" 7947:10.1007/978-1-349-73770-3_3 6905:Migraciones Internacionales 5960:Schwartzman, Simon (2008). 5855:Revista Mexicana del Caribe 5011: 4992:Representation in the media 4140: 3972: 3083:Viceroy Juan José de Vértiz 2761: 2688:Demographics of El Salvador 907:, for 2000, from Lizcano's 809:, in Mexico, or tri-racial 10: 14886: 14534:International peacekeeping 14341:Latin American integration 14243:European native population 13355:tribunedigital-sunsentinel 12332:Hrvatska matica iseljenika 11129:Seyferth, Giralda (1997). 10587:10.1007/s00438-020-01755-w 9676:10.1016/j.jchb.2014.08.005 8817:10.1177/000312240707200604 7032:. Siglo XXI. p. 223. 6872:Brading, David A. (1975). 6848:Diario La Tribuna Honduras 4917: 4874: 4870: 4215: 4144: 4092:White Ecuadorians, mostly 4069: 4065: 3990: 3976: 3931:liberal revolution of 1848 3800: 3481: 3414: 3410: 2959: 2858: 2765: 2724: 2685: 2630: 2228: 2181: 2001: 1827: 1816: 1681: 831: 774: 20: 14814: 14764: 14755: 14673: 14621: 14614: 14565: 14556: 14506: 14499: 14482: 14475: 14415: 14364: 14313: 14304: 14233: 14117: 14039: 14021:White demographic decline 13956: 13863: 13822: 13753: 13575: 13559: 13481: 13470: 13456: 13307:"Y Tu Black Mama Tambien" 12502:Colombia: a country study 12115:"La Presencia Inmigrante" 12013:February 2, 2010, at the 10504:by Florencia Tateossian. 10153:10.1215/00182168-2007-079 9145:"Historia de El Salvador" 8401:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 8121:Pons, Frank Moya (2010). 7850:10.1080/03014460902817984 5497:. Antequera. p. 526. 4310: 4305: 4188:In 2005, 600 families of 4112:, a city in the southern 3993:Arab diaspora in Colombia 3477: 3326:Homburguer et al., 2015, 3063:American Spanish colonies 3008:, the southern region of 2941: 2865:Demographics of Nicaragua 2292: 2278: 2264: 2018: 1770:University College London 1677: 882:; so a major process of " 547: 542: 521: 516: 476: 471: 451: 431: 411: 391: 371: 351: 331: 311: 291: 271: 251: 231: 211: 191: 171: 151: 131: 111: 91: 71: 66: 48: 43: 36: 13286:. Ine.gov.ve. p. 65 12886:"Paraguayan Census form" 12706:"SCADTA Joins the Fight" 12107:Salazar Vergara, Gabriel 11044:Revista de Saúde Pública 9890:Annals of Human Genetics 9120:El Costo de la Conquista 8930:(Thesis). Archived from 8737:January 2, 2011, at the 8233:Universidad de Barcelona 7216:10.1177/0003122410378232 6992:Howard F. Cline (1963). 5493:Pastore, Carlos (1972). 5381:. Ine.gov.ve. p. 29 5239:Approximately two fifths 5004:actors and actresses in 4928:Immigration to Venezuela 4881:A 2009 DNA study in the 4194:fall of the Soviet Union 3796: 3782:side, 39% have European 3398:Universidade de Brasília 3352:Annals of Human Genetics 2978:Italian immigrants in a 2970:Ethnography of Argentina 2966:Immigration to Argentina 2768:Demographics of Honduras 2750:descent, but there were 2177: 2168:Rafael Leónidas Trujillo 1954:Mulatto/Mestizo (Havana) 653:European Latin Americans 14769:Countries by population 14326:Portuguese colonization 14052:Appalachian stereotypes 13333:"What are Telenovelas?" 12443:German Embassy in Chile 11870:Encyclopædia Britannica 11714:Encyclopædia Britannica 11640:Revista médica de Chile 11589:Revista médica de Chile 11398:Revista Médica de Chile 9761:CIA: The World Factbook 8872:. Century. p. 165. 8855:. Century. p. 146. 8564:HISTORIA DE PUERTO RICO 8027:, ed. (December 1999). 7838:Annals of Human Biology 7803:10.1186/1471-2350-12-43 7167:Salud Pública de México 7106:Encyclopædia Britannica 7102:"Mexico: Ethnic groups" 6826:Embajadahonduras.org.mx 6666:Espana.panamaemb.gob.pa 5786:Encyclopædia Britannica 5247:Encyclopædia Britannica 5243:"Mexico: Ethnic groups" 4211: 4072:Demographics of Ecuador 3987:Immigration to Colombia 3194:Austro-Hungarian Empire 2836:and to a lesser extent 2701:Chalatenango Department 2658:2022 Costa Rican census 1898:Self-reported ancestry 1875:. The country also saw 1823: 1750:Spanish colonial period 905:The Cry of My People... 14643:Latin American studies 13959:phenomena and theories 13942:The White Man's Burden 13936:White Australia policy 13732:Southern United States 12872:Jewish Virtual Library 12411:Pérez Rosales, Vicente 11351:Instituto Ciência Hoje 9719:(1 suppl 1): 151–170. 9317:encyclopedia.ushmm.org 9117:Newson, Linda (1999). 8443:Jewish Virtual Library 8351:Federal Foreign Office 7966: 7633:Cuban Genealogy Center 7529:"About Mongolian Spot" 7473:EMedicine.medscape.com 7303:(in Spanish). Mexico: 6338:Landers, Jane (1999). 6315:Yale immigration study 6075:laboratoriogene.com.br 5683:, accessed 2010-02-24. 5277:(in Spanish). Mexico: 4298:University of Brasília 4238: 4087:University of Brasília 3863:University of Brasília 3768: 3497: 2985: 2736: 2703: 2642: 2616:University of Brasília 2244: 2155:They are 17.8% of the 1847:, Portuguese, German, 1158: 859: 841: 802: 760: 751: 746: 14845:White Latin Americans 14160:Identitarian movement 13745:Saint Kitts and Nevis 12812:Nature Communications 12646:on 29 September 2007. 12121:. Santiago de Chile: 11532:Nature Communications 10971:on November 20, 2007. 10506:Le Monde Diplomatique 9477:"English in Honduras" 7961: 6957:"HISTORY TV Schedule" 6473:June 3, 2014, at the 6257:por Andreas Haufbauer 6069:May 22, 2014, at the 5452:June 3, 2014, at the 5217:(in Portuguese). 2010 5040:Asian Latin Americans 4233: 3803:Demographics of Chile 3763: 3495: 3488:Immigration to Brazil 3469:Lloyd Aéreo Boliviano 3349:Corach et al,. 2010, 3336:Seldin et al., 2006, 2977: 2934:ancestry; and 14% of 2734: 2695: 2640: 2242: 1727:Second Mexican Empire 1688:Immigration to Mexico 1146: 909:Composición Étnica... 847: 839: 798: 786:racial classification 649:White Latin Americans 543:Related ethnic groups 512:, and other languages 32:White Latin Americans 14597:Water and sanitation 14321:Spanish colonization 14047:In the United States 14011:Whitewashing in film 13062:espejodelperu.com.pe 12416:Recuerdos del Pasado 11444:10.1136/jmg.31.9.702 11317:"Os Genes de Cabral" 10800:. 22 September 2021. 10794:"The World Factbook" 10694:(1 Suppl): 151–170. 10337:History of Argentina 10318:on 26 September 2008 9536:10.35305/s.v11i2.202 9483:, Bloomsbury, 2013, 8982:"The World Factbook" 8345:"Dominican Republic" 7790:BMC Medical Genetics 7577:. One.cu. 2006-04-28 6981:. 22 September 2013. 6507:. 22 December 2023. 6468:official 2012 Census 6374:on January 17, 2013. 5788:Retrieved 26-11-2007 5609:United States Census 5035:Afro-Latin Americans 5026:Latin America portal 4085:done in 2008 by the 3832:Universidad de Chile 3811:Immigration to Chile 3358:Avena et al., 2012, 3268:Greater Buenos Aires 3055:Greater Buenos Aires 3022:north-western region 733:interracial marriage 38:Eurolatinoamericanos 14331:French colonization 14165:Non-Hispanic whites 14006:Whitewashing in art 13931:Settler colonialism 13864:Historical concepts 13674:Trinidad and Tobago 13472:European emigration 13411:Twinam, Ann. 2015. 12828:2015NatCo...6.6596M 12759:. 22 September 2023 12085:Waldo Ayarza Elorza 12037:Waldo Ayarza Elorza 11906:Waldo Ayarza Elorza 11544:2015NatCo...6.6472E 11275:2013PLoSO...875145S 10774:on October 21, 2014 10742:on 24 November 2017 10641:2012PLoSO...734695A 9960:2012PLoSO...734695A 8888:Library of Congress 8847:Hill, Robert Thomas 7941:. pp. 45–104. 7575:"2012 Cuban Census" 6802:. 22 September 2023 5281:. 2017. p. 7. 4226:Immigration to Peru 3713:Central-West Region 3404:National Geographic 3396:Oliveira, 2008, on 2990:autosomal DNA study 2932:indigenous American 2235:White Puerto Ricans 1241:Self identification 704:(such as Levantine 33: 14665:Race and ethnicity 14631:Illegal drug trade 14150:European New Right 14145:Christian Identity 13921:Play the white man 13634:Dominican Republic 13198:worldstatesmen.org 13153:on 25 January 2021 13098:10.1002/ajhb.20025 12978:The World Factbook 12954:CIA World Factbook 12902:on 9 November 2005 12836:10.1038/ncomms7596 12820:Supplementary Data 12481:on 2 November 2012 12280:on April 12, 2008. 12125:. pp. 76–81. 12079:2013-08-19 at the 12031:2013-08-19 at the 11900:2013-08-19 at the 11552:10.1038/ncomms7472 11217:10.1002/ajhb.22714 11184:Flight from Angola 10949:on April 19, 2009. 10884:on 24 January 2014 10837:2012-02-22 at the 10816:worldstatesmen.org 10497:2011-09-15 at the 10460:worldstatesmen.org 10442:worldstatesmen.org 10424:worldstatesmen.org 10375:2012-02-18 at the 10204:. 22 January 2006. 9852:10.1002/ajpa.20534 9811:CIA World Factbook 9428:2019-12-17 at the 9179:. 22 November 2011 9097:The World Factbook 8627:2015-10-03 at the 8514:2015-10-03 at the 8490:on 16 October 2018 7990:"The first colony" 7713:on 21 January 2022 7675:Digital.tcl.sc.edu 7650:The New York Times 7539:on 8 December 2008 7393:2018-08-10 at the 7354:2018-07-09 at the 6979:The New York Times 6730:CIA World Factbook 6662:"Cultura y Etnias" 6438:worldstatesmen.org 6409:The World Factbook 6233:on 8 November 2017 5971:. Uqbar Editores. 5798:Schrover, Marlou. 5661:CIA World Factbook 5630:José Reyes Alveo. 5575:10.1002/ajpa.21355 5513:CIA World Factbook 5470:CIA World Factbook 5117:The World Factbook 4259:La Libertad Region 4247:La Libertad Region 4239: 4206:Caazapá Department 4000:Mestizo Colombians 3904:Chilean population 3550:Mato Grosso do Sul 3498: 3436:. You can help by 2986: 2892:CIA World Factbook 2737: 2704: 2669:CIA World Factbook 2643: 2633:Costa Rican people 2253:Spanish government 2249:Alexander O'Reilly 2245: 2211:(18th century and 2188:The white and the 2166:The government of 2157:Dominican Republic 1998:Dominican Republic 1843:, others may have 1746:northern Spaniards 1479:Dominican Republic 1199:Francisco Menendez 1194:Limpieza de sangre 1159: 860: 842: 302:Dominican Republic 227:4.1M–7.16M (5.63M) 31: 14832: 14831: 14810: 14809: 14806: 14805: 14610: 14609: 14602:Wealth inequality 14552: 14551: 14524:Drug legalization 14519:Conservative wave 14495: 14494: 14471: 14470: 14448:League of Nations 14416:Foreign relations 14263: 14262: 14215:White nationalism 14155:Great Replacement 14120:identity politics 14001:Whiteness studies 13911:First white child 13859: 13858: 13269:on 25 April 2012. 12868:"Jews in Ecuador" 12691:978-1-4616-3862-9 12621:978-0-87417-444-1 12596:978-0-87417-675-9 12511:978-0-8444-9502-6 12449:on 5 August 2009. 12087:. Page 59, 65, 66 11190:, August 16, 1975 11046:(in Portuguese). 10988:Am. J. Hum. Genet 10230:978-950-9216-32-7 10183:978-950-17-1703-7 9498:978-1-4742-9854-4 9455:978-0-8131-2501-5 9035:Wallace, Arturo. 8713:. August 25, 2021 8676:See (page 53-26). 8545:on 4 October 2015 8134:978-84-00-09240-5 8025:Helen Chapin Metz 7956:978-1-349-73772-7 6931:Historia Mexicana 6885:978-607-16-2741-4 6286:10.4000/jsa.11085 6279:(95–2): 207–234. 5978:978-956-8601-17-1 5939:978-1-4129-2694-2 5898:978-1-4129-2694-2 5712:dlcl.stanford.edu 5060:European diaspora 4982:Spanish Civil War 4924:Venezuelan people 4868: 4867: 4858:Republic of Peru 4267:Lambayeque Region 4241:According to the 4147:White Paraguayans 3929:After the failed 3924:Croatian ancestry 3840: 3829: 3822: 3788:Great Immigration 3784:Mitochondrial DNA 3759: 3758: 3534:Rio Grande do Sul 3464:Spanish colonists 3454: 3453: 3112:, and later from 2883:Northwest African 2584: 2583: 2153: 2152: 1995: 1994: 1877:Jewish immigrants 1873:regime took power 1731:Spanish Civil War 1670: 1669: 1136: 1135: 646: 645: 527:Roman Catholicism 57: 14877: 14786:Spanish language 14762: 14761: 14619: 14618: 14563: 14562: 14504: 14503: 14480: 14479: 14346:Great Depression 14311: 14310: 14290: 14283: 14276: 14267: 14266: 14251: 14250: 14094:Angry white male 13970:Passing as white 13479: 13478: 13443: 13436: 13429: 13420: 13419: 13399: 13398: 13396: 13395: 13386:. Archived from 13376: 13370: 13369: 13367: 13366: 13357:. Archived from 13347: 13341: 13340: 13329: 13323: 13322: 13320: 13319: 13302: 13296: 13295: 13293: 13291: 13285: 13277: 13271: 13270: 13258: 13252: 13251: 13249: 13247: 13233: 13227: 13226: 13224: 13222: 13208: 13202: 13201: 13190: 13184: 13183: 13169: 13163: 13162: 13160: 13158: 13139: 13133: 13132: 13124: 13118: 13117: 13080: 13074: 13073: 13071: 13069: 13053: 13047: 13046: 13044: 13042: 13027: 13021: 13020: 13018: 13016: 13006: 12997: 12986: 12970: 12964: 12963: 12961: 12960: 12946: 12940: 12939: 12937: 12935: 12926: 12918: 12912: 12911: 12909: 12907: 12901: 12895:. Archived from 12890: 12882: 12876: 12875: 12864: 12858: 12857: 12847: 12803: 12797: 12793: 12787: 12786: 12775: 12769: 12768: 12766: 12764: 12749: 12743: 12742: 12731: 12725: 12724: 12722: 12721: 12712:. Archived from 12702: 12696: 12695: 12677: 12671: 12670: 12654: 12648: 12647: 12635: 12626: 12625: 12607: 12601: 12600: 12582: 12576: 12575: 12565: 12555: 12546:(12): e1005602. 12530: 12524: 12523: 12497: 12491: 12490: 12488: 12486: 12480: 12467: 12457: 12451: 12450: 12435: 12429: 12428: 12426: 12424: 12407: 12401: 12400: 12398: 12396: 12368: 12362: 12361: 12356:. Archived from 12346: 12340: 12339: 12334:. Archived from 12323: 12317: 12314:Diaspora Croata. 12312: 12308: 12302: 12301: 12299: 12298: 12288: 12282: 12281: 12276:. Archived from 12270: 12264: 12263: 12261: 12259: 12253: 12239: 12230: 12224: 12223: 12221: 12219: 12213: 12199: 12190: 12184: 12183: 12181: 12179: 12173: 12159: 12150: 12144: 12143: 12141: 12139: 12103: 12088: 12071: 12058: 12057: 12046: 12040: 12023: 12017: 12006: 12002: 11996: 11989: 11983: 11982: 11971: 11965: 11955: 11949: 11948: 11947:on May 11, 2009. 11943:. Archived from 11937: 11931: 11930: 11915: 11909: 11892: 11883: 11882: 11877: 11876: 11862: 11856: 11855: 11845: 11821: 11808: 11807: 11797: 11787: 11763: 11757: 11756: 11749:"LUN.COM Mobile" 11745: 11739: 11733: 11727: 11726: 11721: 11720: 11706: 11700: 11699: 11697: 11696: 11682: 11676: 11675: 11665: 11655: 11631: 11625: 11624: 11614: 11604: 11580: 11574: 11573: 11563: 11523: 11517: 11516: 11506: 11496: 11487:(12): e1005602. 11472: 11466: 11465: 11455: 11423: 11417: 11416: 11414: 11388: 11382: 11375: 11369: 11368: 11366: 11365: 11359: 11348: 11338: 11332: 11331: 11329: 11328: 11313: 11307: 11306: 11296: 11286: 11253: 11247: 11246: 11228: 11200: 11191: 11181: 11175: 11174: 11169:. Archived from 11159: 11153: 11152: 11150: 11126: 11120: 11119: 11118:on July 5, 2009. 11114:. Archived from 11104: 11098: 11097: 11086: 11080: 11079: 11068: 11062: 11061: 11059: 11050:(suppl): 49–90. 11035: 11022: 11021: 11011: 10979: 10973: 10972: 10967:. Archived from 10957: 10951: 10950: 10945:. Archived from 10935: 10929: 10928: 10917: 10911: 10905: 10899: 10898: 10891: 10889: 10869: 10863: 10862: 10857:. Archived from 10847: 10841: 10829: 10820: 10819: 10808: 10802: 10801: 10790: 10784: 10783: 10781: 10779: 10773: 10766: 10758: 10752: 10751: 10749: 10747: 10738:. Archived from 10728: 10722: 10721: 10711: 10679: 10673: 10672: 10662: 10652: 10620: 10614: 10613: 10611: 10609: 10566: 10560: 10559: 10549: 10539: 10530:(12): e1005602. 10515: 10509: 10503: 10489: 10483: 10477: 10470: 10464: 10463: 10452: 10446: 10445: 10434: 10428: 10427: 10416: 10410: 10390: 10384: 10367: 10361: 10346: 10340: 10334: 10328: 10327: 10325: 10323: 10304: 10298: 10297: 10295: 10294: 10285:. Archived from 10283:feditalia.org.ar 10275: 10269: 10268: 10257: 10251: 10241: 10235: 10234: 10212: 10206: 10205: 10194: 10188: 10187: 10163: 10157: 10156: 10136: 10130: 10129: 10119: 10101: 10092:(12): e1005602. 10076: 10070: 10069: 10059: 10049: 10040:(12): e1005602. 10024: 10018: 10017: 10015: 10014: 9998: 9992: 9991: 9981: 9971: 9938: 9932: 9931: 9913: 9884: 9875: 9874: 9864: 9854: 9830: 9821: 9820: 9818: 9817: 9803: 9797: 9796: 9794: 9792: 9778: 9772: 9771: 9769: 9767: 9753: 9747: 9746: 9736: 9704: 9698: 9697: 9687: 9654: 9648: 9647: 9645: 9625: 9619: 9618: 9616: 9615: 9604: 9598: 9597: 9587: 9563: 9557: 9556: 9538: 9514: 9508: 9507: 9506: 9505: 9473: 9467: 9466: 9464: 9462: 9439: 9433: 9420: 9414: 9409: 9403: 9402: 9400: 9398: 9384: 9378: 9377: 9375: 9373: 9359: 9353: 9352: 9350: 9348: 9334: 9328: 9327: 9325: 9323: 9309: 9303: 9302: 9300: 9298: 9291:researchgate.net 9282: 9276: 9275: 9270:. Archived from 9260: 9254: 9253: 9251: 9249: 9238: 9232: 9231: 9229: 9227: 9216: 9210: 9209: 9207: 9205: 9195: 9189: 9188: 9186: 9184: 9169: 9163: 9162: 9160: 9158: 9149: 9141: 9135: 9134: 9114: 9108: 9107: 9105: 9103: 9089: 9083: 9082: 9080: 9079: 9073: 9067:. Archived from 9066: 9058: 9052: 9051: 9049: 9047: 9032: 9026: 9025: 9022:everyculture.com 9014: 9008: 9007: 8996: 8990: 8989: 8978: 8972: 8971: 8969: 8967: 8957: 8949: 8943: 8942: 8940: 8939: 8921: 8900: 8899: 8897: 8895: 8880: 8874: 8873: 8863: 8857: 8856: 8843: 8837: 8836: 8810: 8790: 8784: 8783: 8747: 8741: 8729: 8723: 8722: 8720: 8718: 8707: 8701: 8695: 8689: 8683: 8677: 8671: 8662: 8661: 8659: 8657: 8651: 8643: 8632: 8619: 8610: 8609: 8607: 8605: 8594: 8567: 8561: 8555: 8554: 8552: 8550: 8544: 8538:. Archived from 8533: 8525: 8519: 8506: 8500: 8499: 8497: 8495: 8486:. Archived from 8480: 8474: 8473: 8471: 8469: 8459: 8453: 8452: 8450: 8449: 8435: 8429: 8428: 8426: 8424: 8413: 8407: 8406: 8400: 8392: 8390: 8388: 8377: 8368: 8367: 8365: 8363: 8341: 8335: 8334: 8332: 8331: 8322:. Archived from 8312: 8306: 8305: 8303: 8302: 8287: 8281: 8280: 8278: 8277: 8268:. Archived from 8264:Sagás, Ernesto. 8261: 8255: 8254: 8249:. Archived from 8243: 8237: 8236: 8225: 8219: 8218: 8216: 8215: 8206:. Archived from 8200: 8194: 8193: 8191: 8189: 8179: 8171: 8165: 8159: 8153: 8152: 8145: 8139: 8138: 8118: 8112: 8111: 8102: 8096: 8095: 8081: 8072: 8071: 8069: 8067: 8053: 8047: 8044: 8020: 8014: 8012: 7985: 7979: 7973: 7967: 7960: 7934: 7928: 7927: 7925: 7923: 7912: 7903: 7902: 7893: 7887: 7881: 7870: 7869: 7832: 7826: 7825: 7815: 7805: 7780: 7774: 7773: 7763: 7753: 7729: 7723: 7722: 7720: 7718: 7712: 7701: 7693: 7687: 7686: 7684: 7682: 7667: 7661: 7660: 7658: 7657: 7642: 7636: 7630: 7623: 7617: 7616: 7614: 7612: 7603:. Archived from 7592: 7586: 7585: 7583: 7582: 7571: 7565: 7555: 7549: 7548: 7546: 7544: 7535:. Archived from 7525: 7519: 7518: 7516: 7514: 7491: 7485: 7484: 7482: 7480: 7475:. 7 January 2017 7465: 7459: 7458: 7456: 7454: 7431: 7425: 7424: 7408: 7402: 7385: 7379: 7369: 7363: 7346: 7340: 7330: 7324: 7323: 7321: 7319: 7313: 7302: 7293: 7287: 7286: 7276: 7266: 7242: 7236: 7235: 7199: 7193: 7192: 7182: 7158: 7152: 7151: 7149: 7147: 7124: 7118: 7116: 7114: 7112: 7098: 7092: 7091: 7086: 7084: 7073: 7067: 7057: 7051: 7050: 7048: 7046: 7023: 7017: 7016: 7014: 7012: 6989: 6983: 6982: 6971: 6965: 6964: 6953: 6947: 6946: 6922: 6913: 6912: 6896: 6890: 6889: 6869: 6863: 6862: 6860: 6859: 6850:. Archived from 6840: 6834: 6833: 6828:. Archived from 6818: 6812: 6811: 6809: 6807: 6792: 6786: 6780: 6771: 6770: 6768: 6766: 6746: 6740: 6739: 6737: 6736: 6722: 6713: 6712: 6710: 6708: 6698: 6690: 6677: 6676: 6674: 6672: 6658: 6652: 6651: 6649: 6648: 6642: 6635: 6627: 6621: 6620: 6618: 6611: 6603: 6597: 6596: 6594: 6592: 6586: 6578: 6572: 6571: 6569: 6567: 6552: 6546: 6545: 6543: 6541: 6527: 6521: 6520: 6518: 6516: 6501: 6495: 6494: 6492: 6484: 6478: 6465: 6459: 6458: 6455:"LUN.COM Mobile" 6451: 6442: 6441: 6430: 6421: 6420: 6418: 6416: 6400: 6394: 6393: 6392:. 14 April 2022. 6382: 6376: 6375: 6370:. Archived from 6360: 6354: 6353: 6335: 6329: 6323: 6317: 6308: 6299: 6298: 6288: 6264: 6258: 6252: 6243: 6242: 6240: 6238: 6232: 6221: 6212: 6206: 6205: 6203: 6201: 6189: 6183: 6182: 6170: 6164: 6163: 6150: 6144: 6143: 6141: 6140: 6131:. Archived from 6121: 6115: 6114: 6094: 6084: 6078: 6061: 6055: 6054: 6042: 6036: 6032: 6026: 6023: 6017: 6016: 5989: 5983: 5982: 5966: 5957: 5948: 5947: 5928:. Sage. p. 5927: 5917: 5911: 5910: 5887:. Sage. p. 5886: 5876: 5870: 5869: 5867: 5866: 5852: 5843: 5837: 5836: 5816: 5810: 5809: 5807: 5806: 5795: 5789: 5779: 5770: 5769: 5757: 5751: 5750: 5739: 5733: 5732: 5726: 5718: 5703: 5697: 5690: 5684: 5677: 5671: 5670: 5668: 5667: 5653: 5647: 5646: 5644: 5642: 5627: 5621: 5620: 5618: 5616: 5600: 5587: 5586: 5557: 5548: 5547: 5545: 5543: 5529: 5523: 5522: 5520: 5519: 5505: 5499: 5498: 5490: 5481: 5480: 5478: 5476: 5462: 5456: 5444: 5438: 5437: 5425: 5419: 5418: 5416: 5414: 5400: 5391: 5390: 5388: 5386: 5380: 5372: 5359: 5358: 5356: 5354: 5340: 5334: 5333: 5331: 5329: 5323: 5316: 5307: 5298: 5297: 5295: 5293: 5287: 5276: 5267: 5258: 5257: 5255: 5253: 5236: 5227: 5226: 5224: 5222: 5205: 5194: 5193: 5177: 5128: 5110: 5028: 5023: 5022: 5021: 4877:Uruguayan people 4855: 4854: 4833: 4813: 4793: 4773: 4753: 4733: 4713: 4693: 4673: 4653: 4633: 4613: 4593: 4573: 4553: 4533: 4532: 4511: 4491: 4471: 4450: 4449: 4428: 4408: 4388: 4368: 4348: 4328: 4303: 4302: 4294:genetic research 4279:Cajamarca Region 4083:genetic research 3983:Colombian people 3967:of German origin 3902:About 5% of the 3859:genetic research 3838: 3827: 3820: 3729:Southeast Region 3697:Northeast Region 3675:Native American 3663: 3662: 3569:Brazil Gold Rush 3449: 3446: 3428: 3421: 3172:, etc. From the 2840:. Many of these 2656:The most recent 2612:genetic research 2295: 2281: 2262: 2261: 2216: 2035: 2016: 2015: 2004:White Dominicans 1907:Native American 1895: 1894: 1836:Cuban Revolution 1819:White Caribbeans 1657: 1656: 1637: 1636: 1617: 1616: 1597: 1596: 1577: 1576: 1557: 1556: 1537: 1536: 1517: 1516: 1497: 1496: 1477: 1476: 1457: 1456: 1437: 1436: 1417: 1416: 1397: 1396: 1377: 1376: 1357: 1356: 1337: 1336: 1317: 1316: 1297: 1296: 1277: 1276: 1257: 1256: 1233: 1232: 914: 913: 754: 688:immigrants were 529:, with minority 464: 460: 458: 457: 444: 440: 438: 437: 424: 420: 418: 417: 404: 400: 398: 397: 384: 380: 378: 377: 364: 360: 358: 357: 344: 340: 338: 337: 324: 320: 318: 317: 307:1.2M–1.6M (1.4M) 304: 300: 298: 297: 287:1.1M–2.1M (1.6M) 284: 280: 278: 277: 264: 260: 258: 257: 244: 240: 238: 237: 224: 220: 218: 217: 204: 200: 198: 197: 187:4.1M–13M (8.55M) 184: 180: 178: 177: 164: 160: 158: 157: 147:8.4M–13M (10.7M) 144: 140: 138: 137: 124: 120: 118: 117: 104: 100: 98: 97: 84: 80: 78: 77: 53: 44:Total population 34: 30: 14885: 14884: 14880: 14879: 14878: 14876: 14875: 14874: 14835: 14834: 14833: 14828: 14802: 14791:Latin Americans 14751: 14669: 14606: 14587:Stock exchanges 14548: 14491: 14467: 14411: 14360: 14300: 14294: 14264: 14259: 14229: 14225:White supremacy 14113: 14062:Mountain whites 14035: 14031:White supremacy 13996:White privilege 13958: 13952: 13916:Honorary whites 13855: 13818: 13749: 13571: 13555: 13474: 13466: 13452: 13447: 13408: 13406:Further reading 13403: 13402: 13393: 13391: 13378: 13377: 13373: 13364: 13362: 13349: 13348: 13344: 13337:bellaonline.com 13331: 13330: 13326: 13317: 13315: 13303: 13299: 13289: 13287: 13283: 13279: 13278: 13274: 13259: 13255: 13245: 13243: 13235: 13234: 13230: 13220: 13218: 13210: 13209: 13205: 13192: 13191: 13187: 13170: 13166: 13156: 13154: 13141: 13140: 13136: 13125: 13121: 13081: 13077: 13067: 13065: 13054: 13050: 13040: 13038: 13029: 13028: 13024: 13014: 13012: 13004: 12998: 12989: 12971: 12967: 12958: 12956: 12948: 12947: 12943: 12933: 12931: 12924: 12920: 12919: 12915: 12905: 12903: 12899: 12888: 12884: 12883: 12879: 12866: 12865: 12861: 12804: 12800: 12794: 12790: 12777: 12776: 12772: 12762: 12760: 12751: 12750: 12746: 12739:Auswärtiges Amt 12733: 12732: 12728: 12719: 12717: 12704: 12703: 12699: 12692: 12678: 12674: 12655: 12651: 12636: 12629: 12622: 12608: 12604: 12597: 12583: 12579: 12531: 12527: 12512: 12498: 12494: 12484: 12482: 12478: 12465: 12458: 12454: 12437: 12436: 12432: 12422: 12420: 12408: 12404: 12394: 12392: 12390: 12372:Durán, Hipólito 12369: 12365: 12348: 12347: 12343: 12338:on 4 June 2012. 12330:(in Croatian). 12324: 12320: 12310: 12309: 12305: 12296: 12294: 12290: 12289: 12285: 12272: 12271: 12267: 12257: 12255: 12254:on 3 March 2016 12251: 12237: 12232: 12231: 12227: 12217: 12215: 12214:on 4 March 2016 12211: 12197: 12192: 12191: 12187: 12177: 12175: 12174:on 4 March 2016 12171: 12157: 12152: 12151: 12147: 12137: 12135: 12133: 12104: 12091: 12081:Wayback Machine 12072: 12061: 12048: 12047: 12043: 12033:Wayback Machine 12024: 12020: 12015:Wayback Machine 12004: 12003: 11999: 11990: 11986: 11973: 11972: 11968: 11956: 11952: 11939: 11938: 11934: 11927:diariovasco.com 11916: 11912: 11902:Wayback Machine 11893: 11886: 11874: 11872: 11864: 11863: 11859: 11822: 11811: 11778:(9): e1004572. 11764: 11760: 11747: 11746: 11742: 11734: 11730: 11718: 11716: 11708: 11707: 11703: 11694: 11692: 11684: 11683: 11679: 11632: 11628: 11581: 11577: 11524: 11520: 11473: 11469: 11424: 11420: 11389: 11385: 11376: 11372: 11363: 11361: 11357: 11346: 11339: 11335: 11326: 11324: 11315: 11314: 11310: 11254: 11250: 11201: 11194: 11182: 11178: 11161: 11160: 11156: 11127: 11123: 11112:www.ibge.gov.br 11106: 11105: 11101: 11088: 11087: 11083: 11070: 11069: 11065: 11036: 11025: 10980: 10976: 10965:www.ibge.gov.br 10959: 10958: 10954: 10943:www.ibge.gov.br 10937: 10936: 10932: 10919: 10918: 10914: 10906: 10902: 10895: 10887: 10885: 10870: 10866: 10849: 10848: 10844: 10839:Wayback Machine 10830: 10823: 10810: 10809: 10805: 10792: 10791: 10787: 10777: 10775: 10771: 10764: 10760: 10759: 10755: 10745: 10743: 10730: 10729: 10725: 10680: 10676: 10621: 10617: 10607: 10605: 10567: 10563: 10516: 10512: 10501: 10499:Wayback Machine 10490: 10486: 10475: 10471: 10467: 10454: 10453: 10449: 10436: 10435: 10431: 10418: 10417: 10413: 10391: 10387: 10377:Wayback Machine 10368: 10364: 10347: 10343: 10335: 10331: 10321: 10319: 10306: 10305: 10301: 10292: 10290: 10277: 10276: 10272: 10259: 10258: 10254: 10242: 10238: 10231: 10213: 10209: 10196: 10195: 10191: 10184: 10164: 10160: 10137: 10133: 10077: 10073: 10025: 10021: 10012: 10010: 9999: 9995: 9939: 9935: 9885: 9878: 9831: 9824: 9815: 9813: 9805: 9804: 9800: 9790: 9788: 9780: 9779: 9775: 9765: 9763: 9755: 9754: 9750: 9705: 9701: 9655: 9651: 9626: 9622: 9613: 9611: 9606: 9605: 9601: 9564: 9560: 9515: 9511: 9503: 9501: 9499: 9475: 9474: 9470: 9460: 9458: 9456: 9440: 9436: 9430:Wayback Machine 9421: 9417: 9410: 9406: 9396: 9394: 9386: 9385: 9381: 9371: 9369: 9361: 9360: 9356: 9346: 9344: 9336: 9335: 9331: 9321: 9319: 9311: 9310: 9306: 9296: 9294: 9285:Moises, Gomez. 9283: 9279: 9262: 9261: 9257: 9247: 9245: 9239: 9235: 9225: 9223: 9217: 9213: 9203: 9201: 9197: 9196: 9192: 9182: 9180: 9177:chalatenango.sv 9171: 9170: 9166: 9156: 9154: 9147: 9143: 9142: 9138: 9131: 9115: 9111: 9101: 9099: 9091: 9090: 9086: 9077: 9075: 9071: 9064: 9060: 9059: 9055: 9045: 9043: 9033: 9029: 9016: 9015: 9011: 8998: 8997: 8993: 8980: 8979: 8975: 8965: 8963: 8955: 8951: 8950: 8946: 8937: 8935: 8922: 8903: 8893: 8891: 8882: 8881: 8877: 8864: 8860: 8844: 8840: 8808:10.1.1.563.9069 8791: 8787: 8748: 8744: 8739:Wayback Machine 8732:2010.census.gov 8730: 8726: 8716: 8714: 8709: 8708: 8704: 8696: 8692: 8684: 8680: 8672: 8665: 8655: 8653: 8649: 8645: 8644: 8635: 8629:Wayback Machine 8620: 8613: 8603: 8601: 8596: 8595: 8570: 8562: 8558: 8548: 8546: 8542: 8531: 8527: 8526: 8522: 8516:Wayback Machine 8507: 8503: 8493: 8491: 8482: 8481: 8477: 8467: 8465: 8461: 8460: 8456: 8447: 8445: 8437: 8436: 8432: 8422: 8420: 8415: 8414: 8410: 8394: 8393: 8386: 8384: 8379: 8378: 8371: 8361: 8359: 8343: 8342: 8338: 8329: 8327: 8314: 8313: 8309: 8300: 8298: 8288: 8284: 8275: 8273: 8262: 8258: 8245: 8244: 8240: 8227: 8226: 8222: 8213: 8211: 8202: 8201: 8197: 8187: 8185: 8177: 8173: 8172: 8168: 8160: 8156: 8147: 8146: 8142: 8135: 8119: 8115: 8104: 8103: 8099: 8085:Frank Moya Pons 8082: 8075: 8065: 8063: 8054: 8050: 8041: 8010: 8008: 8006: 7986: 7982: 7974: 7970: 7957: 7935: 7931: 7921: 7919: 7914: 7913: 7906: 7895: 7894: 7890: 7882: 7873: 7833: 7829: 7781: 7777: 7744:(7): e1004488. 7730: 7726: 7716: 7714: 7710: 7699: 7695: 7694: 7690: 7680: 7678: 7669: 7668: 7664: 7655: 7653: 7644: 7643: 7639: 7625: 7624: 7620: 7610: 7608: 7607:on 5 March 2016 7593: 7589: 7580: 7578: 7573: 7572: 7568: 7556: 7552: 7542: 7540: 7533:tokyo-med.ac.jp 7527: 7526: 7522: 7512: 7510: 7508: 7492: 7488: 7478: 7476: 7467: 7466: 7462: 7452: 7450: 7448: 7434:Miller (1999). 7432: 7428: 7409: 7405: 7395:Wayback Machine 7386: 7382: 7370: 7366: 7356:Wayback Machine 7347: 7343: 7331: 7327: 7317: 7315: 7314:on May 25, 2017 7311: 7300: 7295: 7294: 7290: 7257:(9): e1004572. 7243: 7239: 7200: 7196: 7159: 7155: 7145: 7143: 7141: 7125: 7121: 7110: 7108: 7100: 7099: 7095: 7082: 7080: 7075: 7074: 7070: 7058: 7054: 7044: 7042: 7040: 7024: 7020: 7010: 7008: 7006: 6990: 6986: 6973: 6972: 6968: 6955: 6954: 6950: 6923: 6916: 6897: 6893: 6886: 6870: 6866: 6857: 6855: 6842: 6841: 6837: 6820: 6819: 6815: 6805: 6803: 6794: 6793: 6789: 6781: 6774: 6764: 6762: 6747: 6743: 6734: 6732: 6724: 6723: 6716: 6706: 6704: 6696: 6692: 6691: 6680: 6670: 6668: 6660: 6659: 6655: 6646: 6644: 6640: 6633: 6629: 6628: 6624: 6616: 6609: 6605: 6604: 6600: 6590: 6588: 6584: 6580: 6579: 6575: 6565: 6563: 6554: 6553: 6549: 6539: 6537: 6529: 6528: 6524: 6514: 6512: 6503: 6502: 6498: 6490: 6486: 6485: 6481: 6475:Wayback Machine 6466: 6462: 6453: 6452: 6445: 6432: 6431: 6424: 6414: 6412: 6401: 6397: 6384: 6383: 6379: 6368:www.ibge.gov.br 6362: 6361: 6357: 6350: 6336: 6332: 6324: 6320: 6309: 6302: 6265: 6261: 6253: 6246: 6236: 6234: 6230: 6219: 6214: 6213: 6209: 6199: 6197: 6190: 6186: 6171: 6167: 6152: 6151: 6147: 6138: 6136: 6123: 6122: 6118: 6107: 6085: 6081: 6071:Wayback Machine 6062: 6058: 6043: 6039: 6033: 6029: 6024: 6020: 5990: 5986: 5979: 5964: 5958: 5951: 5940: 5918: 5914: 5899: 5877: 5873: 5864: 5862: 5850: 5844: 5840: 5833: 5817: 5813: 5804: 5802: 5796: 5792: 5780: 5773: 5758: 5754: 5740: 5736: 5720: 5719: 5704: 5700: 5691: 5687: 5678: 5674: 5665: 5663: 5655: 5654: 5650: 5640: 5638: 5636:Monografias.com 5628: 5624: 5614: 5612: 5602: 5601: 5590: 5558: 5551: 5541: 5539: 5531: 5530: 5526: 5517: 5515: 5507: 5506: 5502: 5491: 5484: 5474: 5472: 5464: 5463: 5459: 5454:Wayback Machine 5445: 5441: 5426: 5422: 5412: 5410: 5402: 5401: 5394: 5384: 5382: 5378: 5374: 5373: 5362: 5352: 5350: 5342: 5341: 5337: 5327: 5325: 5321: 5314: 5309: 5308: 5301: 5291: 5289: 5285: 5274: 5269: 5268: 5261: 5251: 5249: 5241: 5237: 5230: 5220: 5218: 5207: 5206: 5197: 5178: 5131: 5111: 5104: 5099: 5094: 5070:Latin Americans 5024: 5019: 5017: 5014: 4994: 4956:The Venezuelan 4930: 4918:Main articles: 4916: 4879: 4873: 4849: 4527: 4444: 4292:According to a 4228: 4216:Main articles: 4214: 4149: 4143: 4074: 4068: 4004:Genetic studies 3995: 3989: 3979:White Colombian 3977:Main articles: 3975: 3875:Candela Project 3813: 3801:Main articles: 3799: 3653: 3651:Genetic studies 3621:Weimar Republic 3512:(Multiracial), 3490: 3484:White Brazilian 3482:Main articles: 3480: 3450: 3444: 3441: 3434:needs expansion 3419: 3417:White Bolivians 3413: 3291:(71.5%), 1,598 3224:" escaping the 2984:in Buenos Aires 2972: 2960:Main articles: 2958: 2953: 2944: 2913:Native American 2879:Native American 2867: 2859:Main articles: 2857: 2842:Levantine Arabs 2818:The Bay Islands 2801:, escaping the 2778: 2766:Main articles: 2764: 2729: 2723: 2690: 2684: 2635: 2629: 2624: 2622:Central America 2610:According to a 2237: 2229:Main articles: 2227: 2212: 2205:Jewish diaspora 2186: 2180: 2076: 2049: 2006: 2000: 1940:Mulatto/Mestizo 1841:Spanish descent 1832: 1826: 1821: 1815: 1742:Howard F. Cline 1694: 1682:Main articles: 1680: 1675: 1651: 1631: 1611: 1591: 1571: 1551: 1531: 1511: 1491: 1471: 1451: 1431: 1411: 1391: 1371: 1351: 1331: 1311: 1291: 1271: 1251: 1245: 1240: 1211: 1161:Since European 1141: 900: 834: 779: 773: 765:Cohesión Social 663:Latin Americans 534: 492: 490:Minor languages 488: 480: 478:Major languages 455: 453: 435: 433: 415: 413: 395: 393: 375: 373: 355: 353: 335: 333: 315: 313: 295: 293: 275: 273: 255: 253: 235: 233: 215: 213: 195: 193: 175: 173: 155: 153: 135: 133: 115: 113: 95: 93: 75: 73: 52: 39: 29: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 14883: 14873: 14872: 14867: 14862: 14857: 14852: 14847: 14830: 14829: 14827: 14826: 14821: 14815: 14812: 14811: 14808: 14807: 14804: 14803: 14801: 14800: 14799: 14798: 14788: 14783: 14778: 14777: 14776: 14765: 14759: 14753: 14752: 14750: 14749: 14744: 14743: 14742: 14737: 14727: 14722: 14717: 14712: 14707: 14702: 14697: 14696: 14695: 14685: 14679: 14677: 14671: 14670: 14668: 14667: 14662: 14657: 14652: 14647: 14646: 14645: 14635: 14634: 14633: 14622: 14616: 14612: 14611: 14608: 14607: 14605: 14604: 14599: 14594: 14589: 14584: 14579: 14578: 14577: 14566: 14560: 14554: 14553: 14550: 14549: 14547: 14546: 14541: 14536: 14531: 14526: 14521: 14516: 14510: 14508: 14501: 14497: 14496: 14493: 14492: 14490: 14489: 14483: 14477: 14473: 14472: 14469: 14468: 14466: 14465: 14460: 14458:United Kingdom 14455: 14450: 14445: 14440: 14435: 14430: 14425: 14419: 14417: 14413: 14412: 14410: 14409: 14404: 14399: 14394: 14389: 14384: 14379: 14374: 14368: 14366: 14362: 14361: 14359: 14358: 14353: 14348: 14343: 14338: 14336:Decolonization 14333: 14328: 14323: 14317: 14315: 14308: 14302: 14301: 14299: articles 14293: 14292: 14285: 14278: 14270: 14261: 14260: 14258: 14257: 14245: 14240: 14234: 14231: 14230: 14228: 14227: 14222: 14217: 14212: 14210:White identity 14207: 14205:White Hispanic 14202: 14197: 14192: 14187: 14186: 14185: 14180: 14175: 14167: 14162: 14157: 14152: 14147: 14142: 14137: 14136: 14135: 14124: 14122: 14115: 14114: 14112: 14111: 14106: 14101: 14096: 14091: 14086: 14085: 14084: 14079: 14074: 14069: 14064: 14059: 14054: 14043: 14041: 14037: 14036: 14034: 14033: 14028: 14026:Reverse racism 14023: 14018: 14013: 14008: 14003: 13998: 13993: 13988: 13983: 13981:Skin whitening 13978: 13973: 13962: 13960: 13954: 13953: 13951: 13950: 13945: 13938: 13933: 13928: 13923: 13918: 13913: 13908: 13907: 13906: 13899: 13885: 13882:Blanqueamiento 13878: 13873: 13867: 13865: 13861: 13860: 13857: 13856: 13854: 13853: 13846: 13841: 13836: 13828: 13826: 13820: 13819: 13817: 13816: 13811: 13804: 13799: 13794: 13789: 13784: 13777: 13772: 13767: 13759: 13757: 13751: 13750: 13748: 13747: 13742: 13741: 13740: 13735: 13728: 13727: 13726: 13714: 13707: 13702: 13701: 13700: 13695: 13676: 13671: 13666: 13661: 13656: 13651: 13646: 13641: 13636: 13631: 13626: 13619: 13612: 13610:Cayman Islands 13607: 13602: 13595: 13590: 13585: 13579: 13577: 13573: 13572: 13570: 13569: 13563: 13561: 13557: 13556: 13554: 13553: 13548: 13543: 13538: 13533: 13528: 13523: 13518: 13513: 13508: 13503: 13498: 13493: 13487: 13485: 13476: 13468: 13467: 13465: 13464: 13457: 13454: 13453: 13446: 13445: 13438: 13431: 13423: 13417: 13416: 13407: 13404: 13401: 13400: 13371: 13342: 13324: 13297: 13272: 13253: 13228: 13203: 13185: 13164: 13134: 13119: 13092:(3): 289–297. 13075: 13048: 13022: 12987: 12965: 12941: 12913: 12877: 12859: 12798: 12788: 12770: 12744: 12726: 12710:stampnotes.com 12697: 12690: 12672: 12665:(in Spanish). 12649: 12627: 12620: 12602: 12595: 12577: 12525: 12510: 12492: 12452: 12430: 12402: 12388: 12380:Superpoblación 12363: 12360:on 2016-03-03. 12341: 12318: 12303: 12283: 12265: 12225: 12185: 12145: 12131: 12089: 12059: 12054:Euskal kultura 12041: 12018: 11997: 11984: 11966: 11950: 11932: 11921:(2006-07-24). 11910: 11884: 11857: 11836:(8): 879–884. 11832:(in Spanish). 11809: 11758: 11740: 11728: 11701: 11677: 11646:(3): 281–289. 11642:(in Spanish). 11626: 11595:(3): 281–289. 11591:(in Spanish). 11575: 11518: 11467: 11434:(in Spanish). 11432:J. Med. Genet. 11418: 11383: 11370: 11333: 11308: 11248: 11211:(5): 674–680. 11192: 11176: 11173:on 2012-05-16. 11154: 11121: 11099: 11081: 11063: 11023: 11000:10.1086/316931 10974: 10952: 10930: 10912: 10900: 10864: 10861:on 2011-06-14. 10842: 10821: 10803: 10785: 10753: 10723: 10674: 10615: 10581:(3): 581–590. 10561: 10510: 10484: 10465: 10447: 10429: 10411: 10385: 10362: 10341: 10329: 10299: 10270: 10252: 10236: 10229: 10207: 10202:www.clarin.com 10189: 10182: 10158: 10131: 10071: 10019: 9993: 9933: 9876: 9845:(3): 455-462. 9822: 9798: 9773: 9748: 9699: 9649: 9620: 9599: 9558: 9509: 9497: 9468: 9454: 9434: 9415: 9404: 9379: 9354: 9329: 9304: 9277: 9274:on 2015-03-21. 9255: 9233: 9211: 9190: 9164: 9136: 9129: 9109: 9084: 9053: 9041:BBC News Mundo 9027: 9009: 8991: 8988:. 10 May 2022. 8973: 8944: 8901: 8875: 8858: 8838: 8801:(6): 915–939. 8785: 8742: 8724: 8702: 8690: 8678: 8663: 8633: 8611: 8568: 8556: 8520: 8501: 8475: 8454: 8430: 8408: 8369: 8336: 8307: 8296:Jerusalem Post 8290:Levy, Lauren. 8282: 8256: 8253:on 2009-01-14. 8238: 8220: 8195: 8166: 8154: 8140: 8133: 8113: 8097: 8073: 8048: 8046: 8045: 8039: 8004: 7980: 7968: 7955: 7929: 7904: 7888: 7871: 7844:(3): 350–360. 7827: 7775: 7724: 7688: 7662: 7637: 7618: 7587: 7566: 7550: 7520: 7507:978-1461226147 7506: 7486: 7460: 7446: 7426: 7419:(in Spanish). 7403: 7380: 7364: 7341: 7325: 7288: 7237: 7210:(5): 652–678. 7194: 7173:(2): 125–133. 7153: 7139: 7130:Mexico Racista 7119: 7093: 7068: 7052: 7038: 7018: 7004: 6984: 6966: 6948: 6937:(3): 539–566. 6933:(in Spanish). 6914: 6907:(in Spanish). 6891: 6884: 6864: 6835: 6832:on 2015-12-22. 6813: 6787: 6772: 6741: 6714: 6678: 6653: 6622: 6619:on 2015-12-22. 6598: 6573: 6560:britannica.com 6547: 6522: 6496: 6479: 6460: 6443: 6422: 6395: 6377: 6355: 6348: 6330: 6318: 6300: 6259: 6244: 6207: 6184: 6165: 6145: 6116: 6105: 6079: 6056: 6037: 6027: 6018: 5984: 5977: 5949: 5938: 5912: 5897: 5871: 5838: 5831: 5811: 5790: 5771: 5752: 5734: 5698: 5685: 5672: 5648: 5622: 5588: 5569:(4): 591–600. 5549: 5524: 5500: 5482: 5457: 5439: 5420: 5392: 5360: 5335: 5299: 5259: 5228: 5195: 5192:(38): 185–232. 5188:(in Spanish). 5129: 5101: 5100: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5045:Blanqueamiento 5042: 5037: 5031: 5030: 5029: 5013: 5010: 4993: 4990: 4978:Canary Islands 4974:Basque Country 4915: 4912: 4875:Main article: 4872: 4869: 4866: 4865: 4862: 4859: 4856: 4846: 4845: 4842: 4839: 4834: 4826: 4825: 4822: 4819: 4814: 4806: 4805: 4802: 4799: 4794: 4786: 4785: 4782: 4779: 4774: 4766: 4765: 4762: 4759: 4754: 4746: 4745: 4742: 4739: 4734: 4726: 4725: 4722: 4719: 4714: 4706: 4705: 4702: 4699: 4694: 4686: 4685: 4682: 4679: 4674: 4666: 4665: 4662: 4659: 4654: 4646: 4645: 4642: 4639: 4634: 4626: 4625: 4622: 4619: 4614: 4606: 4605: 4602: 4599: 4594: 4586: 4585: 4582: 4579: 4574: 4566: 4565: 4562: 4559: 4554: 4546: 4545: 4542: 4539: 4534: 4524: 4523: 4520: 4517: 4512: 4504: 4503: 4500: 4497: 4492: 4484: 4483: 4480: 4477: 4472: 4464: 4463: 4460: 4457: 4451: 4441: 4440: 4437: 4434: 4429: 4421: 4420: 4417: 4414: 4409: 4401: 4400: 4397: 4394: 4389: 4381: 4380: 4377: 4374: 4369: 4361: 4360: 4357: 4354: 4349: 4341: 4340: 4337: 4334: 4329: 4321: 4320: 4317: 4314: 4308: 4307: 4213: 4210: 4167:or the native 4145:Main article: 4142: 4139: 4135:Ashkenazi Jews 4131:Sephardic Jews 4127:Ecuador's Jews 4100:, and live in 4070:Main article: 4067: 4064: 3974: 3971: 3935:German-Chilean 3847: 3846: 3835: 3824: 3807:Chilean people 3798: 3795: 3757: 3756: 3753: 3750: 3747: 3741: 3740: 3737: 3734: 3731: 3725: 3724: 3721: 3718: 3715: 3709: 3708: 3705: 3702: 3699: 3693: 3692: 3689: 3686: 3683: 3677: 3676: 3673: 3670: 3667: 3652: 3649: 3589:New Christians 3554:Espírito Santo 3546:Rio de Janeiro 3530:Santa Catarina 3479: 3476: 3452: 3451: 3431: 3429: 3415:Main article: 3412: 3409: 3408: 3407: 3401: 3394: 3393: 3392: 3389: 3386: 3383: 3377: 3376: 3375: 3372: 3369: 3366: 3356: 3347: 3343: 3334: 3174:Ottoman Empire 3154:Russian Empire 2957: 2954: 2952: 2949: 2943: 2940: 2856: 2853: 2810:San Pedro Sula 2799:Russian Empire 2795:Eastern Europe 2763: 2760: 2725:Main article: 2722: 2719: 2686:Main article: 2683: 2680: 2631:Main article: 2628: 2625: 2623: 2620: 2600:Robert T. Hill 2582: 2581: 2579: 2577: 2575: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2565: 2561: 2560: 2558: 2555: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2541: 2537: 2536: 2534: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2523: 2520: 2517: 2513: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2489: 2488: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2469: 2465: 2464: 2462: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2445: 2441: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2421: 2417: 2416: 2414: 2411: 2408: 2405: 2403: 2400: 2397: 2393: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2384: 2381: 2379: 2376: 2373: 2369: 2368: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2357: 2355: 2352: 2349: 2345: 2344: 2342: 2339: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2325: 2321: 2320: 2318: 2315: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2301: 2297: 2296: 2291: 2288: 2285: 2282: 2277: 2274: 2271: 2267: 2266: 2226: 2223: 2192:population of 2182:Main article: 2179: 2176: 2151: 2150: 2148: 2145: 2142: 2138: 2137: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2123: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2108: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2099: 2093: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2078: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2064: 2063: 2061: 2058: 2055: 2051: 2050: 2047: 2044: 2041: 2037: 2036: 2031: 2028: 2025: 2021: 2020: 2002:Main article: 1999: 1996: 1993: 1992: 1989: 1986: 1983: 1982:Black (Havana) 1979: 1978: 1975: 1972: 1969: 1965: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1955: 1951: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1941: 1937: 1936: 1933: 1930: 1927: 1926:White (Havana) 1923: 1922: 1919: 1916: 1913: 1909: 1908: 1905: 1902: 1899: 1828:Main article: 1825: 1822: 1817:Main article: 1814: 1811: 1798:Mongolian spot 1718:Basque Country 1692:Mexican people 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1668: 1667: 1664: 1661: 1648: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1628: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1608: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1588: 1587: 1584: 1581: 1568: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1548: 1547: 1544: 1541: 1528: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1508: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1488: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1468: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1448: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1428: 1427: 1424: 1421: 1408: 1407: 1404: 1401: 1388: 1387: 1384: 1381: 1368: 1367: 1364: 1361: 1348: 1347: 1344: 1341: 1328: 1327: 1324: 1321: 1308: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1288: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1268: 1267: 1264: 1261: 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14871: 14868: 14866: 14863: 14861: 14858: 14856: 14853: 14851: 14848: 14846: 14843: 14842: 14840: 14825: 14822: 14820: 14817: 14816: 14813: 14797: 14794: 14793: 14792: 14789: 14787: 14784: 14782: 14781:Ethnic groups 14779: 14775: 14772: 14771: 14770: 14767: 14766: 14763: 14760: 14758: 14754: 14748: 14745: 14741: 14738: 14736: 14733: 14732: 14731: 14728: 14726: 14723: 14721: 14718: 14716: 14713: 14711: 14708: 14706: 14703: 14701: 14698: 14694: 14691: 14690: 14689: 14686: 14684: 14681: 14680: 14678: 14676: 14672: 14666: 14663: 14661: 14658: 14656: 14653: 14651: 14648: 14644: 14641: 14640: 14639: 14636: 14632: 14629: 14628: 14627: 14624: 14623: 14620: 14617: 14613: 14603: 14600: 14598: 14595: 14593: 14590: 14588: 14585: 14583: 14580: 14576: 14573: 14572: 14571: 14568: 14567: 14564: 14561: 14559: 14555: 14545: 14542: 14540: 14537: 14535: 14532: 14530: 14527: 14525: 14522: 14520: 14517: 14515: 14512: 14511: 14509: 14505: 14502: 14498: 14488: 14485: 14484: 14481: 14478: 14474: 14464: 14463:United States 14461: 14459: 14456: 14454: 14451: 14449: 14446: 14444: 14441: 14439: 14436: 14434: 14431: 14429: 14426: 14424: 14421: 14420: 14418: 14414: 14408: 14405: 14403: 14400: 14398: 14395: 14393: 14390: 14388: 14385: 14383: 14380: 14378: 14377:Environmental 14375: 14373: 14370: 14369: 14367: 14363: 14357: 14354: 14352: 14349: 14347: 14344: 14342: 14339: 14337: 14334: 14332: 14329: 14327: 14324: 14322: 14319: 14318: 14316: 14312: 14309: 14307: 14303: 14298: 14297:Latin America 14291: 14286: 14284: 14279: 14277: 14272: 14271: 14268: 14256: 14255: 14246: 14244: 14241: 14239: 14236: 14235: 14232: 14226: 14223: 14221: 14218: 14216: 14213: 14211: 14208: 14206: 14203: 14201: 14198: 14196: 14193: 14191: 14188: 14184: 14181: 14179: 14176: 14174: 14171: 14170: 14168: 14166: 14163: 14161: 14158: 14156: 14153: 14151: 14148: 14146: 14143: 14141: 14138: 14134: 14133:One-drop rule 14131: 14130: 14129: 14126: 14125: 14123: 14121: 14116: 14110: 14107: 14105: 14102: 14100: 14097: 14095: 14092: 14090: 14087: 14083: 14080: 14078: 14075: 14073: 14070: 14068: 14065: 14063: 14060: 14058: 14055: 14053: 14050: 14049: 14048: 14045: 14044: 14042: 14038: 14032: 14029: 14027: 14024: 14022: 14019: 14017: 14014: 14012: 14009: 14007: 14004: 14002: 13999: 13997: 13994: 13992: 13989: 13987: 13984: 13982: 13979: 13977: 13974: 13971: 13967: 13964: 13963: 13961: 13955: 13949: 13946: 13944: 13943: 13939: 13937: 13934: 13932: 13929: 13927: 13924: 13922: 13919: 13917: 13914: 13912: 13909: 13905: 13904: 13900: 13898: 13897: 13893: 13892: 13891: 13890: 13886: 13884: 13883: 13879: 13877: 13874: 13872: 13869: 13868: 13866: 13862: 13852: 13851: 13847: 13845: 13842: 13840: 13839:New Caledonia 13837: 13835: 13834: 13830: 13829: 13827: 13825: 13821: 13815: 13812: 13810: 13809: 13805: 13803: 13800: 13798: 13795: 13793: 13790: 13788: 13785: 13783: 13782: 13778: 13776: 13773: 13771: 13768: 13766: 13765: 13761: 13760: 13758: 13756: 13755:South America 13752: 13746: 13743: 13739: 13736: 13734: 13733: 13729: 13725: 13722: 13721: 13720: 13719: 13715: 13713: 13712: 13708: 13706: 13703: 13699: 13698:San Francisco 13696: 13694: 13691: 13690: 13689: 13688: 13684: 13683: 13682: 13681: 13680:United States 13677: 13675: 13672: 13670: 13667: 13665: 13662: 13660: 13657: 13655: 13652: 13650: 13647: 13645: 13642: 13640: 13637: 13635: 13632: 13630: 13627: 13625: 13624: 13620: 13618: 13617: 13613: 13611: 13608: 13606: 13603: 13601: 13600: 13596: 13594: 13591: 13589: 13586: 13584: 13581: 13580: 13578: 13576:North America 13574: 13568: 13565: 13564: 13562: 13558: 13552: 13549: 13547: 13544: 13542: 13539: 13537: 13534: 13532: 13529: 13527: 13524: 13522: 13519: 13517: 13514: 13512: 13509: 13507: 13504: 13502: 13499: 13497: 13494: 13492: 13489: 13488: 13486: 13484: 13480: 13477: 13473: 13469: 13462: 13459: 13458: 13455: 13451: 13444: 13439: 13437: 13432: 13430: 13425: 13424: 13421: 13414: 13410: 13409: 13390:on 2015-09-24 13389: 13385: 13381: 13375: 13361:on 2012-09-15 13360: 13356: 13352: 13346: 13338: 13334: 13328: 13314: 13313: 13308: 13301: 13282: 13276: 13268: 13264: 13257: 13242: 13238: 13232: 13217: 13213: 13207: 13199: 13195: 13189: 13181: 13177: 13176: 13168: 13152: 13148: 13144: 13138: 13130: 13123: 13115: 13111: 13107: 13103: 13099: 13095: 13091: 13087: 13079: 13063: 13059: 13052: 13036: 13032: 13026: 13010: 13003: 12996: 12994: 12992: 12984: 12980: 12979: 12974: 12969: 12955: 12951: 12945: 12930: 12923: 12917: 12898: 12894: 12887: 12881: 12873: 12869: 12863: 12855: 12851: 12846: 12841: 12837: 12833: 12829: 12825: 12821: 12817: 12813: 12809: 12802: 12792: 12785:. 2011-09-02. 12784: 12780: 12774: 12758: 12754: 12748: 12740: 12736: 12730: 12716:on 2015-09-24 12715: 12711: 12707: 12701: 12693: 12687: 12683: 12676: 12668: 12664: 12660: 12653: 12645: 12641: 12634: 12632: 12623: 12617: 12613: 12606: 12598: 12592: 12588: 12581: 12573: 12569: 12564: 12559: 12554: 12549: 12545: 12541: 12540:PLOS Genetics 12537: 12529: 12521: 12517: 12513: 12507: 12503: 12496: 12477: 12473: 12472: 12463: 12456: 12448: 12444: 12440: 12434: 12423:September 16, 12418: 12417: 12412: 12406: 12395:September 16, 12391: 12389:84-923901-0-7 12385: 12381: 12377: 12373: 12367: 12359: 12355: 12351: 12345: 12337: 12333: 12329: 12322: 12315: 12307: 12293: 12287: 12279: 12275: 12269: 12250: 12246: 12244: 12235: 12229: 12210: 12206: 12204: 12195: 12189: 12170: 12166: 12164: 12155: 12149: 12138:September 16, 12134: 12132:956-282-174-9 12128: 12124: 12123:LOM Ediciones 12120: 12116: 12112: 12108: 12102: 12100: 12098: 12096: 12094: 12086: 12082: 12078: 12075: 12070: 12068: 12066: 12064: 12055: 12051: 12045: 12038: 12034: 12030: 12027: 12022: 12016: 12012: 12009: 12001: 11994: 11988: 11980: 11979:euskonews.com 11976: 11970: 11963: 11959: 11954: 11946: 11942: 11936: 11928: 11924: 11920: 11919:Vasco, Diario 11914: 11907: 11903: 11899: 11896: 11891: 11889: 11881: 11871: 11867: 11861: 11853: 11849: 11844: 11839: 11835: 11831: 11827: 11820: 11818: 11816: 11814: 11805: 11801: 11796: 11791: 11786: 11781: 11777: 11773: 11772:PLOS Genetics 11769: 11762: 11754: 11750: 11744: 11737: 11732: 11725: 11715: 11711: 11705: 11691: 11690:www.uchile.cl 11687: 11681: 11673: 11669: 11664: 11659: 11654: 11649: 11645: 11641: 11637: 11630: 11622: 11618: 11613: 11608: 11603: 11598: 11594: 11590: 11586: 11579: 11571: 11567: 11562: 11557: 11553: 11549: 11545: 11541: 11537: 11533: 11529: 11522: 11514: 11510: 11505: 11500: 11495: 11490: 11486: 11482: 11481:PLOS Genetics 11478: 11471: 11463: 11459: 11454: 11449: 11445: 11441: 11437: 11433: 11429: 11422: 11413: 11408: 11404: 11400: 11399: 11394: 11387: 11380: 11374: 11360:on 2014-05-22 11356: 11352: 11344: 11337: 11323:on 2007-08-29 11322: 11318: 11312: 11304: 11300: 11295: 11290: 11285: 11280: 11276: 11272: 11269:(9): e75145. 11268: 11264: 11260: 11252: 11244: 11240: 11236: 11232: 11227: 11226:11368/2837176 11222: 11218: 11214: 11210: 11206: 11199: 11197: 11189: 11188:The Economist 11185: 11180: 11172: 11168: 11164: 11158: 11149: 11144: 11140: 11136: 11132: 11125: 11117: 11113: 11109: 11103: 11095: 11091: 11085: 11077: 11073: 11067: 11058: 11053: 11049: 11045: 11041: 11034: 11032: 11030: 11028: 11019: 11015: 11010: 11005: 11001: 10997: 10993: 10989: 10985: 10978: 10970: 10966: 10962: 10956: 10948: 10944: 10940: 10934: 10926: 10922: 10916: 10909: 10904: 10897: 10883: 10879: 10875: 10868: 10860: 10856: 10852: 10846: 10840: 10836: 10833: 10828: 10826: 10817: 10813: 10807: 10799: 10795: 10789: 10770: 10763: 10757: 10741: 10737: 10733: 10727: 10719: 10715: 10710: 10705: 10701: 10697: 10693: 10689: 10685: 10678: 10670: 10666: 10661: 10656: 10651: 10646: 10642: 10638: 10635:(4): e34695. 10634: 10630: 10626: 10619: 10604: 10600: 10596: 10592: 10588: 10584: 10580: 10576: 10572: 10565: 10557: 10553: 10548: 10543: 10538: 10533: 10529: 10525: 10524:PLOS Genetics 10521: 10514: 10507: 10500: 10496: 10493: 10488: 10481: 10474: 10469: 10461: 10457: 10451: 10443: 10439: 10433: 10425: 10421: 10415: 10409: 10408:0-520-05189-0 10405: 10401: 10400: 10395: 10389: 10382: 10378: 10374: 10371: 10366: 10360: 10359:0-520-05189-0 10356: 10352: 10351: 10345: 10338: 10333: 10317: 10313: 10309: 10303: 10289:on 2016-05-02 10288: 10284: 10280: 10274: 10266: 10262: 10256: 10250: 10246: 10240: 10232: 10226: 10222: 10218: 10211: 10203: 10199: 10193: 10185: 10179: 10175: 10171: 10170: 10162: 10154: 10150: 10147:(1): 71–106. 10146: 10142: 10135: 10127: 10123: 10118: 10113: 10109: 10105: 10100: 10095: 10091: 10087: 10086:PLOS Genetics 10083: 10075: 10067: 10063: 10058: 10053: 10048: 10043: 10039: 10035: 10034:PLOS Genetics 10031: 10023: 10008: 10004: 9997: 9989: 9985: 9980: 9975: 9970: 9965: 9961: 9957: 9954:(4): e34695. 9953: 9949: 9945: 9937: 9929: 9925: 9921: 9917: 9912: 9907: 9903: 9899: 9895: 9891: 9883: 9881: 9872: 9868: 9863: 9858: 9853: 9848: 9844: 9840: 9836: 9829: 9827: 9812: 9808: 9802: 9787: 9783: 9777: 9762: 9758: 9752: 9744: 9740: 9735: 9730: 9726: 9722: 9718: 9714: 9710: 9703: 9695: 9691: 9686: 9681: 9677: 9673: 9669: 9665: 9661: 9653: 9644: 9639: 9636:(90): 19–33. 9635: 9631: 9624: 9609: 9603: 9595: 9591: 9586: 9581: 9577: 9573: 9569: 9562: 9554: 9550: 9546: 9542: 9537: 9532: 9528: 9524: 9520: 9513: 9500: 9494: 9490: 9486: 9482: 9478: 9472: 9457: 9451: 9447: 9446: 9438: 9431: 9427: 9424: 9419: 9413: 9408: 9393: 9389: 9383: 9368: 9364: 9358: 9343: 9339: 9333: 9318: 9314: 9308: 9292: 9288: 9281: 9273: 9269: 9265: 9259: 9244: 9237: 9222: 9215: 9200: 9194: 9178: 9174: 9168: 9153: 9146: 9140: 9132: 9130:99926-15-57-5 9126: 9122: 9121: 9113: 9098: 9094: 9088: 9074:on 2015-09-23 9070: 9063: 9057: 9042: 9038: 9031: 9023: 9019: 9013: 9005: 9001: 8995: 8987: 8983: 8977: 8961: 8954: 8948: 8934:on 2020-11-12 8933: 8929: 8928: 8920: 8918: 8916: 8914: 8912: 8910: 8908: 8906: 8889: 8885: 8879: 8871: 8870: 8862: 8854: 8853: 8848: 8842: 8834: 8830: 8826: 8822: 8818: 8814: 8809: 8804: 8800: 8796: 8789: 8781: 8777: 8773: 8769: 8765: 8761: 8757: 8753: 8746: 8740: 8736: 8733: 8728: 8712: 8706: 8699: 8694: 8687: 8682: 8675: 8670: 8668: 8652:. p. 136 8648: 8642: 8640: 8638: 8630: 8626: 8623: 8618: 8616: 8599: 8593: 8591: 8589: 8587: 8585: 8583: 8581: 8579: 8577: 8575: 8573: 8565: 8560: 8541: 8537: 8530: 8524: 8517: 8513: 8510: 8505: 8489: 8485: 8479: 8464: 8458: 8444: 8440: 8434: 8418: 8412: 8404: 8398: 8382: 8376: 8374: 8358:on 2006-10-20 8357: 8353: 8352: 8346: 8340: 8326:on 2007-12-12 8325: 8321: 8317: 8311: 8297: 8293: 8286: 8272:on 2007-10-08 8271: 8267: 8260: 8252: 8248: 8242: 8234: 8230: 8224: 8210:on 2007-12-30 8209: 8205: 8199: 8183: 8176: 8170: 8163: 8158: 8150: 8144: 8136: 8130: 8126: 8125: 8117: 8109: 8108: 8101: 8094: 8090: 8086: 8080: 8078: 8061: 8060: 8052: 8042: 8040:0-8444-1044-6 8036: 8032: 8031: 8026: 8022: 8021: 8019: 8007: 8001: 7997: 7996: 7991: 7984: 7977: 7972: 7965: 7958: 7952: 7948: 7944: 7940: 7933: 7917: 7911: 7909: 7900: 7899: 7892: 7885: 7880: 7878: 7876: 7867: 7863: 7859: 7855: 7851: 7847: 7843: 7839: 7831: 7823: 7819: 7814: 7809: 7804: 7799: 7795: 7791: 7787: 7779: 7771: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7747: 7743: 7739: 7738:PLOS Genetics 7735: 7728: 7709: 7705: 7698: 7692: 7676: 7672: 7666: 7651: 7647: 7641: 7634: 7628: 7622: 7606: 7602: 7601:latercera.com 7598: 7591: 7576: 7570: 7563: 7559: 7554: 7538: 7534: 7530: 7524: 7509: 7503: 7499: 7498: 7490: 7474: 7470: 7464: 7449: 7443: 7439: 7438: 7430: 7423:(2): 117–122. 7422: 7418: 7414: 7407: 7400: 7396: 7392: 7389: 7384: 7377: 7373: 7368: 7361: 7357: 7353: 7350: 7345: 7338: 7334: 7329: 7310: 7306: 7298: 7292: 7284: 7280: 7275: 7270: 7265: 7260: 7256: 7252: 7251:PLOS Genetics 7248: 7241: 7233: 7229: 7225: 7221: 7217: 7213: 7209: 7205: 7198: 7190: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7164: 7157: 7142: 7140:9786073143646 7136: 7132: 7131: 7123: 7107: 7103: 7097: 7090: 7078: 7072: 7065: 7061: 7056: 7045:September 12, 7041: 7039:9789682301063 7035: 7031: 7030: 7022: 7007: 7005:9780674497061 7001: 6997: 6996: 6988: 6980: 6976: 6970: 6962: 6958: 6952: 6944: 6940: 6936: 6932: 6928: 6921: 6919: 6910: 6906: 6902: 6895: 6887: 6881: 6877: 6876: 6868: 6854:on 2015-12-22 6853: 6849: 6845: 6839: 6831: 6827: 6823: 6817: 6801: 6797: 6791: 6784: 6779: 6777: 6761:(38): 185–232 6760: 6756: 6752: 6745: 6731: 6727: 6721: 6719: 6703:. p. 214 6702: 6695: 6689: 6687: 6685: 6683: 6667: 6663: 6657: 6643:on 2019-12-20 6639: 6632: 6626: 6615: 6608: 6602: 6583: 6577: 6561: 6557: 6551: 6536: 6532: 6526: 6510: 6506: 6500: 6489: 6483: 6476: 6472: 6469: 6464: 6456: 6450: 6448: 6439: 6435: 6429: 6427: 6410: 6406: 6399: 6391: 6387: 6381: 6373: 6369: 6365: 6359: 6351: 6349:0-252-06753-3 6345: 6341: 6334: 6327: 6322: 6316: 6312: 6307: 6305: 6296: 6292: 6287: 6282: 6278: 6274: 6270: 6263: 6256: 6251: 6249: 6229: 6225: 6217: 6211: 6195: 6188: 6181: 6180:populations). 6176: 6169: 6161: 6157: 6156: 6149: 6135:on 2012-01-25 6134: 6130: 6129:princeton.edu 6126: 6120: 6113: 6108: 6106:9780631234685 6102: 6098: 6093: 6092: 6083: 6076: 6072: 6068: 6065: 6060: 6052: 6048: 6041: 6031: 6022: 6015: 6013: 6009: 6005: 6001: 5995: 5988: 5980: 5974: 5970: 5963: 5956: 5954: 5946: 5941: 5935: 5931: 5926: 5925: 5916: 5909: 5907: 5900: 5894: 5890: 5885: 5884: 5875: 5860: 5856: 5849: 5842: 5834: 5832:9789211213287 5828: 5824: 5823: 5815: 5801: 5794: 5787: 5783: 5778: 5776: 5768: 5763: 5756: 5749: 5745: 5738: 5730: 5724: 5717: 5713: 5709: 5702: 5695: 5689: 5682: 5676: 5662: 5658: 5652: 5637: 5633: 5626: 5611: 5610: 5605: 5599: 5597: 5595: 5593: 5584: 5580: 5576: 5572: 5568: 5564: 5556: 5554: 5538: 5534: 5528: 5514: 5510: 5504: 5496: 5489: 5487: 5471: 5467: 5461: 5455: 5451: 5448: 5443: 5435: 5431: 5424: 5409: 5405: 5399: 5397: 5377: 5371: 5369: 5367: 5365: 5349: 5345: 5339: 5320: 5312: 5306: 5304: 5284: 5280: 5272: 5266: 5264: 5248: 5244: 5240: 5235: 5233: 5216: 5215: 5210: 5204: 5202: 5200: 5191: 5187: 5183: 5176: 5174: 5172: 5170: 5168: 5166: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5158: 5156: 5154: 5152: 5150: 5148: 5146: 5144: 5142: 5140: 5138: 5136: 5134: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5114: 5109: 5107: 5102: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5032: 5027: 5016: 5009: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4989: 4987: 4983: 4979: 4976:and from the 4975: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4959: 4954: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4938: 4936: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4911: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4886: 4885: 4878: 4863: 4860: 4857: 4853: 4848: 4847: 4843: 4840: 4838: 4835: 4832: 4828: 4827: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4812: 4808: 4807: 4803: 4800: 4798: 4795: 4792: 4788: 4787: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4772: 4768: 4767: 4763: 4760: 4758: 4755: 4752: 4748: 4747: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4732: 4728: 4727: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4712: 4708: 4707: 4703: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4692: 4688: 4687: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4677:Madre de Dios 4675: 4672: 4668: 4667: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4652: 4648: 4647: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4632: 4628: 4627: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4612: 4608: 4607: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4592: 4588: 4587: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4572: 4568: 4567: 4563: 4560: 4558: 4555: 4552: 4548: 4547: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4531: 4526: 4525: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4510: 4506: 4505: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4490: 4486: 4485: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4470: 4466: 4465: 4461: 4458: 4455: 4452: 4448: 4443: 4442: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4427: 4423: 4422: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4407: 4403: 4402: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4387: 4383: 4382: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4367: 4363: 4362: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4347: 4343: 4342: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4327: 4323: 4322: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4309: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4295: 4290: 4288: 4284: 4283:Lima Province 4280: 4276: 4272: 4269:(9.0% each), 4268: 4264: 4263:Tumbes Region 4260: 4255: 4253: 4248: 4244: 4236: 4235:Tapada limeña 4232: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4209: 4207: 4203: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4190:Volga Germans 4186: 4184: 4183: 4176: 4172: 4170: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4148: 4138: 4136: 4132: 4128: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4090: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4073: 4063: 4061: 4057: 4053: 4047: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4029: 4025: 4019: 4016: 4012: 4007: 4005: 4001: 3994: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3970: 3968: 3964: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3940: 3936: 3932: 3927: 3925: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3909: 3905: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3864: 3860: 3855: 3851: 3844: 3843:PLOS Genetics 3836: 3833: 3825: 3818: 3817: 3816: 3812: 3808: 3804: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3785: 3781: 3777: 3773: 3767: 3762: 3754: 3751: 3748: 3746: 3743: 3742: 3738: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3726: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3714: 3711: 3710: 3706: 3703: 3700: 3698: 3695: 3694: 3690: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3678: 3674: 3671: 3668: 3665: 3664: 3661: 3658: 3648: 3646: 3645:Guinea-Bissau 3642: 3638: 3632: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3616: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3600:Branqueamento 3596: 3594: 3590: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3565: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3547: 3543: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3525: 3523: 3522:one-drop rule 3519: 3516:(Yellow) and 3515: 3511: 3507: 3503: 3494: 3489: 3485: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3465: 3461: 3460: 3448: 3439: 3435: 3432:This section 3430: 3427: 3423: 3422: 3418: 3405: 3402: 3399: 3395: 3390: 3387: 3384: 3381: 3380: 3378: 3373: 3370: 3367: 3364: 3363: 3361: 3357: 3354: 3353: 3348: 3344: 3341: 3340: 3335: 3332: 3330: 3325: 3324: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3285: 3279: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3248: 3247:Marshall Plan 3243: 3238: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3190:German Empire 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3166:Volga Germans 3163: 3159: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3094: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3081:, ordered by 3080: 3076: 3072: 3068: 3064: 3058: 3056: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2998: 2996: 2991: 2983: 2982: 2976: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2951:South America 2948: 2939: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2926:is of 58-62% 2925: 2920: 2916: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2893: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2866: 2862: 2852: 2850: 2845: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2806: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2759: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2744: 2742: 2733: 2728: 2718: 2716: 2711: 2707: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2689: 2679: 2676: 2672: 2670: 2665: 2663: 2659: 2654: 2652: 2648: 2639: 2634: 2619: 2617: 2613: 2608: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2593: 2588: 2580: 2578: 2576: 2574: 2572: 2569: 2566: 2563: 2562: 2559: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2539: 2538: 2535: 2532: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2518: 2515: 2514: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2490: 2487: 2484: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2473: 2470: 2467: 2466: 2463: 2460: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2446: 2443: 2442: 2439: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2422: 2419: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2409: 2406: 2404: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2394: 2391: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2374: 2371: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2347: 2346: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2326: 2323: 2322: 2319: 2316: 2313: 2310: 2308: 2305: 2302: 2299: 2298: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2275: 2272: 2269: 2268: 2263: 2260: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2241: 2236: 2232: 2222: 2220: 2215: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2197: 2195: 2191: 2185: 2184:White Haitian 2175: 2173: 2169: 2164: 2162: 2158: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2140: 2139: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2124: 2121: 2118: 2115: 2113: 2110: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2098: 2095: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2079: 2075: 2072: 2069: 2066: 2065: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2052: 2048: 2045: 2042: 2039: 2038: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2022: 2017: 2014: 2012: 2005: 1990: 1987: 1984: 1981: 1980: 1976: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1966: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1953: 1952: 1948: 1945: 1942: 1939: 1938: 1934: 1931: 1928: 1925: 1924: 1920: 1917: 1914: 1911: 1910: 1906: 1903: 1900: 1897: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1887: 1881: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1837: 1831: 1820: 1810: 1808: 1804: 1799: 1796:known as the 1795: 1791: 1786: 1783: 1780:and Mexico's 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1753: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1734: 1732: 1728: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1673:North America 1665: 1662: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1642: 1640: 1635: 1630: 1626:0.524 (est.) 1625: 1622: 1620: 1615: 1610: 1605: 1602: 1600: 1595: 1590: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1575: 1570: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1555: 1550: 1545: 1542: 1540: 1535: 1530: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1515: 1510: 1505: 1502: 1500: 1495: 1490: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1475: 1470: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1455: 1450: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1435: 1430: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1315: 1310: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1295: 1290: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1262: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1243: 1238: 1235: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1216: 1215:Latin America 1206: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1195: 1188: 1186: 1185: 1180: 1176: 1175: 1170: 1169: 1164: 1156: 1152: 1151: 1145: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1116: 1115: 1111: 1108: 1105: 1102: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1079: 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Retrieved 5212: 5189: 5186:Convergencia 5185: 5085:Peninsulares 4995: 4955: 4942:white people 4939: 4931: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4889: 4882: 4880: 4757:Huancavelica 4291: 4271:Piura Region 4256: 4240: 4197: 4187: 4180: 4177: 4173: 4150: 4129:consists of 4097: 4093: 4091: 4078: 4075: 4048: 4043: 4030:, with some 4028:Sunni Muslim 4026:were mostly 4020: 4008: 3996: 3928: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3882: 3879: 3874: 3856: 3852: 3848: 3814: 3792: 3776:Y Chromosome 3769: 3764: 3760: 3745:South Region 3681:North Region 3654: 3633: 3617: 3599: 3597: 3573:Minas Gerais 3566: 3560:(47.2%) and 3558:Minas Gerais 3540:(77.2%) and 3526: 3517: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3499: 3473: 3457: 3455: 3442: 3438:adding to it 3433: 3350: 3337: 3327: 3321: 3284:Carlos Menem 3280: 3278:majorities. 3242:Buenos Aires 3239: 3226:Great Famine 3222:coffin ships 3214:Montenegrins 3097: 3095: 3079:Buenos Aires 3067:Peninsulares 3066: 3059: 3000:Argentina's 2999: 2987: 2979: 2945: 2936:West African 2921: 2917: 2890: 2870: 2868: 2848: 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8656:10 November 8604:10 November 8188:November 3, 6911:(2): 29–57. 6806:14 November 6707:22 November 6591:December 8, 6566:11 November 6556:"Nicaragua" 6540:13 February 6515:22 December 6390:www.cia.gov 6051:ibge.gov.br 5385:8 September 5353:13 February 5006:telenovelas 4332:La Libertad 4316:Population 4287:Lima Region 4285:(7.2%) and 4182:brasiguayos 4153:homogeneous 4056:COLCIENCIAS 4046:(Turkish). 3963:Los Ángeles 3608:slave trade 3295:(17%), 526 3170:Lithuanians 3162:Belarusians 3146:Andalucians 3138:Cantabrians 3132:, but also 2981:conventillo 2909:Afro-Latino 2814:Tegucigalpa 2727:Guatemalans 2682:El Salvador 2662:1927 census 2605:Africanized 2287:Population 2273:Population 2257:1899 census 2225:Puerto Rico 2214:World War I 2027:Population 1861:Andalusians 1519:El Salvador 1499:Puerto Rico 1246:(millions) 1209:Populations 1155:Tepotzotlán 1117:Percentages 1077:Percentages 1037:Percentages 997:Percentages 957:Percentages 782:Being white 771:Being white 702:West Asians 655:(sometimes 402:Puerto Rico 362:El Salvador 14839:Categories 14740:Telenovela 14730:Television 14710:Literature 14507:Governance 14392:Literature 14183:Quebeckers 14169:Old Stock 13948:White gods 13687:California 13616:Costa Rica 13394:2017-09-18 13365:2011-09-06 13318:2008-05-02 13068:18 January 13041:24 January 13015:24 January 12959:2007-11-26 12720:2014-08-07 12669:(9): 3–21. 12520:2010009203 12297:2009-04-26 11875:2012-09-15 11719:2012-09-15 11695:2023-05-31 11364:2023-06-16 11327:2023-06-07 11141:: 95–131. 11094:uol.com.br 11076:uol.com.br 10888:24 January 10746:15 January 10456:"Paraguay" 10394:Ruth Sautu 10308:"Economía" 10293:2010-04-13 10013:2023-05-30 10007:RED/ACCIÓN 9816:2007-11-21 9786:World Bank 9614:2023-12-10 9504:2022-06-16 9078:2015-12-20 8938:2020-11-22 8780:1296295316 8536:Sp.rcm.edu 8494:30 January 8468:30 January 8448:2014-02-07 8423:6 February 8387:7 February 8330:2007-12-08 8301:2007-12-08 8276:2007-12-08 8214:2007-12-13 8005:0844410446 7717:8 February 7656:2008-11-19 7581:2014-04-23 7447:0781720761 7318:August 23, 7111:August 23, 7083:August 23, 6858:2015-12-28 6735:2007-11-26 6647:2021-05-02 6139:2011-12-05 5865:2011-05-04 5805:2010-02-24 5666:2007-11-21 5518:2007-11-26 5475:5 February 5408:Ine.gov.ve 5328:August 24, 5292:August 23, 5115:data from 5097:References 4897:Montevideo 4861:1,336,931 4597:San Martín 4372:Lambayeque 4120:, and the 4002:(at 49%). 3991:See also: 3955:Llanquihue 3867:Magallanes 3841:, fuente: 3830:, fuente: 3641:Mozambique 3581:Pernambuco 3301:Bulgarians 3289:Ukrainians 3272:Amerindian 3210:Ruthenians 3158:Ukrainians 3034:Amerindian 2995:Indigenous 2924:Nicaraguan 2861:Nicaraguan 2699:family in 2651:California 2627:Costa Rica 2598:Geologist 2587:at 49.8%. 1865:Castilians 1813:Caribbeans 1790:congenital 1758:blond hair 1299:Costa Rica 1244:Population 926:Amerindian 872:Amerindian 862:People of 856:Carl Nebel 794:Peter Wade 757:Portuguese 682:Portuguese 625:Hungarians 609:Ukrainians 589:Norwegians 557:Portuguese 535:Minority: 486:Portuguese 242:Costa Rica 14735:Companies 14650:Etiquette 14638:Education 14544:Pink tide 14529:Falangism 14514:Democracy 14476:Geography 14387:Libraries 14314:By period 14178:Canadians 14173:Americans 14140:Alt-right 14057:Hillbilly 13871:Apartheid 13833:Australia 13814:Venezuela 13764:Argentina 13724:Baltimore 13711:Louisiana 13644:Guatemala 13605:Caribbean 13246:8 October 13221:8 October 13194:"Uruguay" 12934:8 October 12906:8 October 12757:Primicias 12413:(1975) . 11908:. Page 68 10832:PNAD 2006 10603:231911367 10420:"Bolivia" 10108:1553-7404 9634:Encuentro 9594:1659-4223 9553:212905166 9545:1852-4222 9367:Univisión 9342:aciprensa 8833:144405526 8803:CiteSeerX 7796:(1): 43. 7543:1 October 7479:8 October 7232:145295212 6800:Primicias 6671:8 October 6415:1 January 6405:"Uruguay" 6311:Argentina 6295:161642153 6196:. El Pais 6008:Spaniards 5641:8 October 5615:17 August 5413:8 October 5221:7 October 5050:Carcamano 5002:blue-eyed 4966:Andalusia 4962:Venezuela 4958:gene pool 4950:gene pool 4914:Venezuela 4456:Province 4432:Cajamarca 4261:(10.5%), 4222:Peruvians 4161:mulattoes 4122:Galápagos 4106:Guayaquil 4015:Antioquia 4011:Antioquia 3947:Alsatians 3943:Silesians 3888:phenotype 3669:European 3657:autosomal 3612:São Paulo 3556:(50.4%), 3552:(51.7%), 3548:(55.8%), 3542:São Paulo 3536:(82.3%), 3532:(86.9%), 3508:(Black), 3504:(White), 3445:June 2008 3313:Moldovans 3309:Georgians 3305:Armenians 3297:Romanians 3264:Mestizaje 3198:Croatians 3178:Armenians 3150:Occitania 3134:Asturians 3126:Galicians 3010:Patagonia 2956:Argentina 2855:Nicaragua 2783:Catalonia 2772:Hondurans 2721:Guatemala 2530:2,825,100 2506:3,064,862 2482:1,762,411 2458:1,430,744 2434:1,146,719 2172:whitening 1901:European 1869:Galicians 1853:Canarians 1794:birthmark 1698:Cantabria 1623:5 (est.) 1599:Guatemala 1459:Nicaragua 1406:4.1-13.1 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