259:
632:
819:, which was probably composed of the city's elites. He made peace with the Banu Hilal by negotiating an agreement that included regular tribute payments to the tribes. He formally recognized al-Nasir as sovereign until 1067, when he was forced to recognize the authority of the Zirid emir Tamim ibn al-Mu'izz, following a fourteen-month siege. His son, 'Abd al-'Aziz (r. 1095–1105), continued to recognize Zirid suzerainty. 'Abd al-'Aziz's brother, Abu al-Ṭahir Isma'il, succeeded him in 1105 but only ruled a short period.
643:
258:
832:
council, exiling some of them to Mahdia, and renegotiated the city's agreement with the Arab tribes. He nonetheless continued to formally recognize the sovereignty of more powerful rulers. He first recognized the Zirids, who besieged the city again in 1116–7, and then recognized the
Hammadids again
836:
Under
Khurasanid rule, the small independent kingdom enjoyed some prosperity and security, though its resources were limited. Relative to the other cities of Ifriqiya, Tunis grew in importance during this period. The construction of the Khurasanid dynastic mausoleum, still extant today and known as
872:
Abu
Muhammad 'Abd al-Mu'min. With the support of the other elites, Abu Muhammad invited Muhriz ibn Riyah, the Riyahid amir (of the Banu Riyah tribe), to rule the city as king. However, when Muhriz was greeted outside the city, the common people protested and the proposal failed. Abu Muhammad was
865:
In 1128, Ahmad was deposed and the principality was annexed to the
Hammadid kingdom. Tunis was controlled by Hammadid governors until it recovered its independence in 1148. After Hammadid rule, there was a brief interregnum during which the people of Tunis elected a new leader, the
1049:
788:(the Arab tribes that had recently arrived in the region) and the inhabitants banished their own governor, a mercenary named Qahrun ibn Ghannush, for his incompetent administration. In search of protection and leadership, the city turned for help to the emir of the
796:, and requested that he appoint a governor. Initially, al-Nasir allowed the local Tunisian elites to propose a candidate, but ultimately he declined their selection and appointed Abd al-Haqq ibn Abd al-Aziz ibn Khurasan, a Sanhaja Berber leader.
876:
Khurasanid rule was restored when Abu Bakr ibn Ismail was smuggled over the city walls at night in a basket. Seven months later he was drowned by his nephew Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Aziz, who succeeded him. While Tunis was not conquered by the
826:
to be the most remarkable of his family. He built ramparts around Tunis to defend it and secured guarantees of safe passage for travellers from the Banu Hilal. He also disposed of the
862:. This in turn shifted the center of power within the city and developed its administrative capabilities, a process which culminated in its later role as the capital of Ifriqiya.
1212:
217:
192:
1205:
838:
848:, was completed in July 1093, according to its foundation inscription. In addition to new city walls, Ahmad ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz also built a palace (
1110:. Islamic Art in the Mediterranean (2nd ed.). Museum With No Frontiers & Ministry of Culture, the National Institute of Heritage, Tunis.
752:
for much of this period. Their rule was interrupted by
Hammadid annexation from 1128 and 1148, and their authority came to a final end with the
560:
1198:
671:
570:
991:
Valérian, Dominique (2021). "Khurāsān, Banū". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.).
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independent principality that would be governed by his family for almost a century. He ruled with the title of
843:
728:, between approximately 1058 and 1159. They rose to power following the political vacuum left behind by the
1104:
Binous, Jamila; Baklouti, Naceur; Ben
Tanfous, Aziza; Bouteraa, Kadri; Rammah, Mourad; Zouari, Ali (2010).
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881:, some historians have suggested that the Banu Khurasan at this time were granted authority to govern by
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1169:. In Houtsma, M. Th.; Wensinck, A. J.; Arnold, T. W.; Heffening, W.; Lévi-Provençal, É. (eds.).
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on the coast. In doing so, he left both
Kairouan and Tunis to local leaders. According to
8:
924:
1148: Abu
Muhammad Abd al-Mu'min ibn Abu al-Hasan (elected, not belonging to the Dynasty)
600:
369:
294:
1279:
882:
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The fourth
Khurasanid ruler, Ahmad ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz (r. 1107–1128), was considered by
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In 1159, the last
Khurasanid ruler, Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Abd al-Aziz, was ousted by the
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Architecture of the Islamic West: North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700-1800
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independent, they continued to recognize the suzerainty of either Zirids or the
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1148–1148/1149?: Abu Bakr ibn Isma'il ibn Abd al-Haqq (ruled for seven months)
1385:
1351:
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456:
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The Khurasanid dynasty was founded during the 11th century. In 1057, the
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Ifriqiya: Thirteen Centuries of Art and Architecture in Tunisia
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chased out of the city and followed Muhriz back to La Malga.
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67:
43:
933:
1159: Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Abd al-Aziz (ruled for five months)
899:
868:
1220:
892:
and sent into exile. The Almohads annexed the whole
849:
827:
814:
703:
1171:
E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936
905:
1059–1095: Abd al-Haqq ibn Abd al-Aziz ibn Khurasan
1048:
896:to its empire, putting an end to Khurasanid rule.
1383:
911:1105–1107: Abu al-Tahir Isma'il ibn Abd al-Haqq
1018:Ars Orientalis: The Arts of Islam and the East
1206:
809:only and with the assistance of a council of
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1213:
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1072:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
1021:. Freer Gallery of Art. 1957. p. 561.
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108:Abd al-Haqq ibn Abd al-Aziz ibn Khurasan
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908:1095–1105: Abd al-Aziz ibn Abd al-Haqq
1194:
1144:. Yale University Press. p. 88.
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930:1149–1159: Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Aziz
1173:. Vol. 4. Brill. p. 967.
1080:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 60.
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716:dynasty that ruled an independent
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345:Byzantine North Africa
157:• Disestablished
1047:Idris, H. R. (1979).
341:2nd Roman (Byzantine)
50:Common languages
799:Abd al-Haqq ruled a
732:when they abandoned
611:Parliamentary system
308:12th C.–146 BC
770:Al-Mu'izz ibn Badis
601:Tunisian revolution
142:• Established
1165:Yver, G. (1987) .
883:Roger II of Sicily
710:Khurasanid dynasty
648:History portal
561:Kingdom of Tunisia
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1378:
1222:Islamic dynasties
1180:978-90-04-08265-6
1167:"Khorasan (Banu)"
1087:978-90-04-07819-2
1050:"Banū K̲h̲urāsān"
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720:centered on
718:principality
714:Sunni Muslim
709:
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683:
591:Ben Ali rule
581:Ben Ali coup
505:Early modern
180:Succeeded by
179:
174:
1372:(1837–1969)
1366:(1711–1835)
1364:Karamanlids
1360:(1705–1957)
1348:(1549–1659)
1342:(1472–1554)
1336:(1269–1465)
1330:(1235–1556)
1324:(1229–1574)
1318:(1147–1269)
1312:(1059–1158)
1310:Khurasanids
1306:(1040–1147)
1300:(1008–1152)
1280:Sulaymanids
1250:Muhallabids
1067:Pellat, Ch.
856:Ksar Mosque
842: [
833:in 1120–1.
824:Ibn Khaldun
782:Ibn Khaldun
615:2011–
269:Prehistoric
248:History of
175:Preceded by
150: 1058
131:Middle Ages
33: 1058
1386:Categories
1304:Almoravids
1294:(973–1148)
1270:(790–1066)
1240:(710–1019)
943:References
786:Banu Hilal
742:Banu Hilal
694:بنو خراسان
356:Prefecture
278:Prehistory
79:Government
23:بني خراسان
1370:Senussids
1358:Husaynids
1340:Wattasids
1328:Zayyanids
1298:Hammadids
1288:(909–973)
1282:(814–922)
1276:(800–909)
1274:Aghlabids
1264:(788–985)
1258:(777–909)
1256:Rustamids
1252:(771–793)
1246:(757–976)
1244:Midrarids
1076:Volume V:
1063:Lewis, B.
995:. Brill.
829:mashyakha
816:mashyakha
756:in 1159.
750:Hammadids
699:romanized
370:Exarchate
314:1st Roman
64:Religion
1352:'Alawids
1334:Marinids
1316:Almohads
1286:Fatimids
1268:Ifranids
1262:Idrisids
1238:Salihids
1078:Khe–Mahi
1069:(eds.).
894:Ifriqiya
801:de facto
794:al-Nasir
774:Kairouan
746:de facto
744:. While
734:Kairouan
639:•
524:Husainid
448:Medieval
420:Aghlabid
319:Province
304:Carthage
239:a series
237:Part of
83:Monarchy
1412:Sanhaja
1346:Sa'dids
1322:Hafsids
1226:Maghreb
879:Normans
813:s, the
768:sultan
760:History
726:Tunisia
701::
617:present
514:Ottoman
477:Almohad
430:Fatimid
410:Abbasid
400:Umayyad
295:Ancient
250:Tunisia
40:Capital
1292:Zirids
1228:region
1177:
1148:
1114:
1084:
1065:&
999:
811:shaykh
806:shaykh
778:Mahdia
738:Mahdia
730:Zirids
712:was a
690:Arabic
542:Modern
487:Hafsid
467:Norman
331:Vandal
241:on the
94:
58:Berber
54:Arabic
1053:. In
846:]
722:Tunis
708:) or
457:Zirid
72:Sunni
68:Islam
44:Tunis
35:–1159
1175:ISBN
1146:ISBN
1112:ISBN
1082:ISBN
997:ISBN
869:qadi
851:qasr
736:for
684:The
605:2011
585:1987
161:1159
90:Emir
1224:in
1388::
1126:^
1096:^
1074:.
1061:;
1057:;
1027:^
951:^
885:.
844:fr
792:,
696:,
692::
343:/
147:c.
56:,
30:c.
1214:e
1207:t
1200:v
1183:.
1154:.
1120:.
1090:.
1005:.
688:(
673:e
666:t
659:v
321:)
317:(
74:)
70:(
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