1137:, the Augsburg pattern changed into the so-called Old Bavarian pattern. The Ober and Unter of Acorns were now each armed with a sword and parrying dagger. The Ober and Unter of Leaves now carried a drum and fife respectively; from now on the drummer and fifer became the distinguishing feature of the Bavarian pattern. Obers and Unters of the same suit were armed, as in a fencing school, with the same weapons. In this period the number of cards was reduced from the former 48 (the One – Ace – had already disappeared) to 36 (the Three, Four and Five were removed; the Two or Deuce already outranked the King by that time), probably due to paper shortages. In the late 17th century, during the Turkish Wars, the Kings of Leaves and Acorns swapped their crowns for turbans. The Deuces depicted various scenes. The Deuce of Leaves had a pyramid with a unicorn, deer and eagle; the Deuce of Acorns depicted Bacchus, the Deuce of Bells had a wild boar being attacked by a hunting dog and, on the Deuce of Hearts was usually a Cupid. Around 1750 this pattern became widespread across the whole old Bavarian region. Smaller variations of this pattern became common in
975:) patterns are descended from the Old Bavarian pattern which itself goes back to the 15th-century Augsburg pattern. In all variants the Obers and Unters are portrayed as fighters, with the Ober and Unter of Leaves carrying a drum and fife respectively. Bavarian cards have an aspect ratio of roughly 2:1. In the non-reversible (Einfach) pattern which used to be commonplace, various pictorial designs were used, especially on the pip cards. These individual scenes are now only found on the Deuces (also called Twos, Sows, or Aces). Since the 1980s, Italian manufacturers have included 5s into their Salzburg decks to allow the German speaking South Tyroleans to play Italian card games that require 40 cards with suits they are more familiar with. Salzburg decks also inherited the "Weli" from its extinct sibling, the Tyrolean pattern. The Salzburg pattern remains non-reversible and lacks corner indices. Most games require only 32 cards by excluding the 6s such as
41:
804:
1258:
619:
908:
1086:
943:
1363:
672:
1246:
1152:
4443:
4702:
4471:
4438:
1347:
4465:
4477:
4483:
778:
33:
351:
4939:
800:. A newer, more elaborate, variant emerged in the early 19th century. Both designs feature a great lion on the Acorn Deuce, lovers being surprised on the Deuce of Bells and the Unter of Bells holding a tame bird. The pip cards feature a range of ornamental scenes from animals, legendary and real, to biblical scenes. The latter fell away in the double-headed versions that came into vogue at the end of the 19th century and are still in production today.
896:
1524:
1074:
931:
390:
405:
631:
420:
375:
1111:
used for playing traditional regional games. The Knaves represent soldiers and hold spears, halberds or swords or, in the case of the suit of Leaves, are depicted playing a fife or drum. The Kings are seated and come with two suit marks like the Deuces. The pip cards have miniature scenes of animals or rural life. Today the pattern is still produced by Společnost Hrací Karty 1884.
607:
1110:
part of the Czech
Republic. It is closely related to the Salzburg pattern of Austria and thus is also descended from the Old Bavarian – one of the oldest German-suited packs – but there are only 32 cards in the pack, like the northern ones. The cards are single-headed and lack corner indices. and are
1224:
After the Second World War, the previously dominant non-reversible cards finally disappeared and were replaced by the reversible designs that are still widespread today. Non-reversible versions are occasionally reprinted but for the interest of collectors as opposed for gaming. For example, in 1980,
1167:
pattern changed after 1810 into the Modern
Bavarian pattern. A vase now appears on the Deuce of Leaves and the King of Acorns was given a crown again, leaving the King of Leaves as the only 'oriental' figure. The Ober of Heart has now exchanged his polearm for a sword on which he rests. The Ober and
1129:
pattern) of the present
Bavarian pattern pack and appeared around 1500. The four kings sitting on thrones are each accompanied by two armed servants. The Ober and Unter of Leaves are military musicians, the Ober is a bagpipe-playing fool; the Unter is playing a 'fanfare' or flute. The Ober and Unter
846:
set comprising 2 packs of 52 cards plus 2 jokers each. This limited edition of 1000 sets was sold out almost immediately and so, in 2019, ASS published a revised set taking account of customer feedback. Despite being German-suited, the cards featured Queens and Jacks instead of Obers and Unters. In
566:
The Ace in German and Swiss German sets have a peculiar history. Aces disappeared from German decks during the 15th century. When the Ace was promoted above the King in French packs during the 16th century, the Deuce did so as well in
Germany leading to the conflation of the Ace and Deuce. This is
1423:
of
Austria began producing this deck in 1865, they changed two of the characters. The Aces or Deuces depict the four seasons which are also somewhat different in the Austrian and Hungarian versions. The Slovak-Moravian version follows the Austrian version but does not label the characters or the
127:
of Clubs, Spades, Hearts and
Diamonds. Today German-suited playing cards are common in south and east Germany, Austria, German-speaking Switzerland, Liechtenstein, north Italy, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, northern Serbia (Vojvodina province), southern Poland and
169:
until at least 1783. The Aces had been dropped even earlier, probably by the 1470s, leaving the standard German pack with 48 cards; the Deuce being promoted into the gap left by the Ace. During the 18th century, the 48-card pack was further reduced to 36, although there is evidence of 48-card,
1424:
seasons. The Kings represent no one in particular and are shown mounted on horses. Except for the Aces, all pip cards have Roman numerals. The suit symbols are also slightly different, most notably the leaves are now half yellow and end with three tips. They come in packs of 32, 33 (with the
686:
The only traditional northern pattern still in regular production in
Germany is the Saxon pattern where only pip cards have corner indices. However, Saxon pattern cards of various designs have been produced for over 500 years for the German-speaking region bounded roughly by the
1184:
printed their own version of the
Bavarian pattern, which went back to a design by Frankfurt card manufacturer's Lennhoff & Heuser. The Kings, Obers and Unters were dressed in fantasy uniforms in the style of historicism. Essential distinguishing features of this
1428:), or 36 cards. They are sometimes called "Swiss cards" due to the nationality of the characters but this pattern is not used in Switzerland. In Hungary and other eastern European countries they are called "Hungarian cards" and only come in 32-card packs.
1543:
decks split cards diagonally with one half using the pattern with French suits and the other half using the pattern with German suits. This is not unique to
Germany as similar split decks are found in Austria, Switzerland and even France.
589:) which features their own unique artwork or number of cards. Some patterns are descended from much earlier ones like the Saxon pattern which can trace their ancestry to the 15th-century Stukeley type cards named after their identifier,
144:
lands around the late 1370s. The earliest cards were probably Latin-suited like those used in Italy and Spain. After much experimentation, the cards settled into the four aforementioned suits around 1450. Closely related
847:
addition, there are Twos as well as Deuces (called Aces). The Queens had also been designed by Krauss originally, but they were unpopular, and such version with Queens instead of Obers is otherwise no longer in print.
279:
They were also produced and used as far east as Russia until the early 20th century. German-suited decks are still well known all over these countries although they have been undergoing strong competition from
156:
German-suited packs originally had four court cards per suit (King, Queen, Ober and Unter), but the Queen was dropped in the early 16th century. The ten was often depicted with a banner and known as the
1274:
pattern was invented around 1865 by C.L. Wüst and bears many unique features. The kings were copied from French-suited patterns now found in the
Netherlands and Portugal. The Obers were inspired by the
1405:
around 1835. Schneider cut out sheets of 36 cards, applied the red, scarlet, blue, and brown colours to them using a template. He then painted the face, hands, and small ornaments of clothes by hand.
1849:
718:
The modern double-ended Saxon pattern is the product of a long evolution from the primitive Stukeley type cards imported from Nuremberg. Wolfgang Suma identified four stages of development:
573:(deuce). Confusion is avoided when the 7 or 6 became the lowest card in most packs during the 17th and 18th centuries. Players also avoid confusion by alternatively calling the Ace/Deuce a
1291:
in broad-brimmed hats. Unlike other German-suited patterns, the cards were only ever produced in double-headed format. A younger type of the Württemberg pattern, manufactured by
307:
began to use the Prussian pattern cards instead of the hitherto dominant Austrian pattern. Today, the most common pattern of cards used in much of Germany are the French-suited,
494:. Southern patterns have 36 cards by including the 6. In South Tyrol, 40-card, German-suited packs are still produced so that Italian games can be played with them. In 2019,
4342:
4030:
4347:
3903:
4357:
4352:
3983:
3943:
875:
in the early 1960s, while packs featuring it have been produced since 1963. or various types of Prussian double-headed pattern, are still produced as special editions.
4120:
1168:
Unter of Acorns now only carry one weapon, however, Ober of Acorns also carries an oval shield. This type, designed by Munich card maker, Josef Fetscher, draughted by
1298:
In the present, the cards are sold as a doubled pack of 48 cards (24 unique cards duplicated). The duplicated cards (7, 10, U, O, K, A of each suit) are used to play
838:, which added corner indices to every card but the Aces and cleverly changed the dimensions of the cards to match those of standard poker or rummy cards. In 2018,
796:, named after the crossed swords on the coat of arms of the Deuces of Acorns. Replicas of this early type are still made, for example the 1835 example produced by
770:) was the name of a game for which the precise rules are unknown. Ruimpf cards are believed to have originated in south Germany and destined for export to the
123:). The German suit system is one of the oldest, becoming standard around 1450 and, a few decades later, influencing the design of the now international
1844:
295:
being introduced through the movement of soldiers and they eventually ousted the German cards across large parts of the German nation. North of the
523:
first appeared around 1855 in the discontinued Tyrolean pattern and later the Salzburg and Tell patterns. The 7 of Bells is sometimes known as the
153:. The French suit symbols, well known internationally and especially in English-speaking countries, were derived from the German ones around 1480.
4113:
3810:
44:
Distribution of German and Swiss-German suits (orange) and French suits (blue) in Germany, Austria, South Tyrol, Switzerland and Liechtenstein.
3351:
563:. With the exception of the New Altenburg pattern, all cards with the rank of 10 include the Roman numeral X at the top centre of the card.
4745:
1130:
of Hearts are armed with polearms, the Ober and Unter of Bells with swords, The Ober and Unter of Acorns carry a mace and bossed shield.
1180:
of the Bavarian pattern. It has been widely used thanks to its production by the playing-card manufacturers, F. X. Schmid. In 1882, the
792:
The older variant of the Saxon single-headed pattern originated in Leipzig and Dresden in the early 19th century, being typified by the
4106:
3346:
165:; this survives in Swiss-suited cards, but died out in Germany in the mid-16th century, although it continued to be called by the name
4526:
3341:
4948:
4187:
3390:
4602:
4511:
4506:
4182:
3636:
2544:
2344:
4215:
4765:
3289:
1759:
1387:
which takes in much of Central and Southeastern Europe. The Ober and Unter cards depict William Tell and other characters from
2199:
1815:
1213:
In the 20th century, the pip and court cards were gradually marked with indices and the misprinting of Deuces with the letter
711:, "sword cards", referring to the two or three swords displayed on some of the cards, a symbol of the electoral status of the
4658:
4580:
4225:
3749:
2274:
762:) that was produced from the 16th to the 18th century, before being replaced by the Saxon pattern. Ruimpf or Ruempf (German:
4614:
1892:
867:
of this pattern was produced in Poland up to the mid-1960s, when it was then replaced by a modification (usually called the
4975:
4966:
4726:
4177:
3767:
3731:
2892:
4642:
4620:
4608:
4257:
4210:
4204:
4197:
3671:
2483:
4247:
4242:
4999:
4591:
4231:
4220:
4192:
3803:
3327:
3187:
3015:
2147:
2044:
1971:
1946:
17:
4653:
4631:
1397:(the title character is Ober of Acorns). The play was written in 1804, its first Hungarian performance was in 1827 at
505:
In Bavaria, Austria and South Tyrol, the 6 of Bells (or sometimes the 7 of Bells where there is no 6) is known as the
4636:
4521:
4516:
3107:
2256:
4648:
4942:
4585:
3740:
3312:
3307:
2985:
1906:
1292:
4675:
4597:
4274:
4268:
4262:
3629:
3222:
2835:
2636:
2515:
2510:
2498:
40:
4719:
2879:
4957:
3722:
3405:
2732:
548:
1539:, compromise decks were created to help players from around the country who were used to different suits. The
1431:
Here are the differences between the current iterations of the Hungarian (first given) and Austrian versions:
803:
722:
Nuremberg pattern, Stukeley type, imported in the late 15th century. Later called Ruimpf cards after the game.
3796:
3530:
3317:
1310:. They used to be produced in 36 card packs (with every card unique), like other southern patterns, to play
1257:
664:, pattern. Most were originally produced with 36 cards but this was reduced to 32 cards after the spread of
4572:
4493:
3643:
3475:
2831:
2827:
1416:
842:(ASS) launched the first 52-card, German-suited pack to be manufactured for several centuries as part of a
291:(1618–1648), German-suited cards were used in all German-speaking regions of Europe. However, the war saw
4284:
4147:
3212:
3182:
2530:
2376:
2337:
1408:
The characters from the drama were chosen to avoid censorship at the time of the Hungarian opposition to
150:
1311:
4446:
3322:
3005:
2782:
3415:
3067:
1878:
1794:
855:
Meanwhile, for over a century the Prussian pattern has been the most common German-suited pattern in
1865:
618:
3284:
3274:
3152:
3132:
2950:
2747:
2177:
1319:
1225:
ASS produced a limited run of non-reversible packs of the Munich type for export to West Germany.
3279:
3127:
3077:
3057:
1384:
4664:
3664:
2488:
2330:
1532:
516:
4317:
3601:
2970:
907:
774:. They were narrower than the almost square cards of the older Nuremberg pattern (see below).
4902:
4237:
4169:
3776:
3703:
3420:
3395:
3157:
3031:
2691:
2676:
2641:
2561:
2477:
2361:
1602:
Nowadays Cluj-Napoca, but in 1804 it was transferring from Hungarian to Austrian sovereignty.
1276:
439:
435:
1085:
942:
728:
Schwerterkarte (Sword cards), first appeared 1800, became double-ended in late 19th century.
4909:
4451:
3872:
3845:
3827:
3695:
3486:
2727:
2713:
2701:
2681:
2631:
2493:
2438:
1536:
1134:
483:
448:
431:
288:
281:
170:
so-called 'Karniffel' packs being sold until the first half of the 19th century in places.
4554:
8:
4723:
4547:
3863:
3854:
3622:
3380:
2887:
2696:
2450:
2433:
1527:
An Austrian hybrid deck with the Tell pattern on top and the Vienna pattern on the bottom
1485:
1393:
1315:
467:
458:
443:
292:
146:
36:
Tens of the Bavarian pattern in the four German suits of Acorns, Leaves, Hearts and Bells
1547:
The Turnierbild pack was created for official Skat tournaments, using the French suited
1362:
4536:
4356:
4351:
4346:
3982:
3942:
3902:
3657:
3517:
3512:
3010:
1458:
1388:
1245:
1160:
992:
543:
game the top three cards following the respective trump ace are – in descending order:
540:
490:) as indicated by its two suit symbols. Today, however, it is rarely if ever called a
339:
202:
178:
124:
2117:
2101:
1757:"Gerd Matthes: Spielkartenforscher und Produktmanager der Altenburg Spielkartenfabrik"
4826:
4802:
4683:
4531:
4341:
4029:
3563:
3551:
3507:
3400:
3361:
3247:
3207:
3036:
2975:
2455:
2372:
2311:
2294:
2270:
2252:
2071:
1552:
872:
859:, though nowadays it is usually associated only with Skat, which is played mostly in
671:
174:
173:
German-suited cards spread throughout Europe into areas that were either part of the
4098:
1756:
55:
used in many parts of Central Europe characterised by 32- or 36-card packs with the
4869:
4501:
4294:
3615:
3608:
3573:
3452:
3333:
3266:
3197:
3137:
2646:
2203:
1923:
1823:
1593:
which means "double German" and is a contraction for "double-headed German-suited".
1288:
1151:
988:
725:
Cavalier cards, developed in the first half of the 18th century probably in Leipzig
665:
590:
331:
4916:
2504:
1506:
Summer, a young man resting on a haystack or a young woman haymaking with a sickle
707:, the latter historically falling under Saxon rule. Historically they were called
4541:
4307:
4252:
3237:
3232:
2930:
2566:
2443:
2395:
1853:
1763:
1662:
1540:
1479:
1412:
rule. The story, after all, was about a successful revolt against the Habsburgs.
1138:
980:
839:
797:
712:
606:
495:
335:
141:
1466:
442:. The typical northern German pack has 32 cards ranking from 7, 8, 9, 10, Under
4923:
4442:
4082:
3758:
3650:
3556:
3536:
3491:
3432:
3385:
3217:
3167:
2790:
2708:
2602:
2525:
1798:
1548:
1512:
Winter, an old man warming himself with fire or an old woman carrying firewood
864:
308:
273:
213:
4831:
3788:
3172:
1271:
4993:
4760:
4482:
4470:
4322:
3978:
3937:
3898:
3481:
3459:
3447:
3302:
3202:
3147:
3142:
2990:
2955:
2859:
2854:
2811:
2772:
2742:
2737:
2426:
2421:
2390:
2385:
2315:
2298:
2105:
2040:
1802:
1402:
860:
771:
696:
96:
72:
60:
4841:
4755:
4705:
1509:
Autumn, a boy drinking grape juice next to a vat or two boys treading grapes
1346:
1173:
1033:
Old Bavarian pattern (common predecessor) with variants in Poland and Russia
303:, was able to hold on. After its annexation by Prussia in the 18th century,
4695:
4464:
4437:
4302:
4129:
4059:
4025:
3839:
3546:
3496:
3437:
3227:
3122:
3117:
3052:
3000:
2849:
2816:
2795:
2400:
2353:
1551:
but with German colours (green Spades and yellow Diamonds). The packs from
1493:
835:
245:
108:
56:
52:
3062:
2306:
Suma, Wolfgang (August 1986). "The Oldest Pack of Leipzig Playing-Cards".
1323:
1206:
The Bacchus on the Deuce of Acorn has a beer mug instead of a wine goblet.
1193:
The Ober of Leaves carries the drum on his right knee instead of the left.
502:. However, uniquely, it had Queens and Jacks instead of Obers and Unters.
4476:
4279:
3688:
3522:
3469:
3464:
3410:
3192:
3082:
2960:
2844:
2520:
2143:
2088:
1779:
1398:
777:
233:
1991:
1967:
1942:
1322:
has published a 48 card version, in which every card is unique, to play
699:
to the south. This region is represented by the modern German states of
350:
32:
4836:
4808:
4701:
3578:
3568:
3442:
3242:
3112:
2935:
2867:
2616:
1801:
pictures of the second (present) design with queens from third design:
1326:. It uses the younger type and is mislabelled as the Bavarian pattern.
1299:
1280:
808:
319:
296:
1523:
822:
These older northern patterns have been eclipsed by the double-headed
4689:
4077:
3541:
3366:
3162:
3102:
2945:
2686:
2460:
1687:
1620:
1580:
In the Moravian part of the Czech Republic, Tell cards are preferred.
1314:. This was the original format, but by 1985 it was restricted to the
1169:
976:
895:
747:
704:
327:
311:, although German-suited cards are also widely used in some regions.
257:
1571:
The current double-ended Saxon cards first appeared about 1910–1920.
4876:
4821:
4816:
4561:
3177:
2980:
2625:
2609:
2595:
1616:
1409:
1303:
1073:
930:
265:
261:
186:
4790:
1795:
http://www.altacarta.com/english/research/germany-DDR-pattern.html
843:
499:
4864:
4859:
4626:
3501:
3072:
2995:
2579:
2572:
2267:
Trommler und Pfeifer: Die Geschichte der Bayerischen Spielkarten.
2178:"Doppeldeutsch: Wilhelm Tell und die Ungarn (Tell cards history)"
1420:
1107:
315:
304:
300:
269:
241:
225:
221:
217:
209:
198:
194:
190:
4312:
2322:
567:
why in most packs the Ace depicts two pips and is also called a
4882:
4784:
4739:
4729:
2965:
2897:
2659:
2652:
2588:
2555:
2289:
Suma, Wolfgang (August 1979). "Sachsenkarte – Schwerterkarte".
1612:
1307:
1203:
The Ober of Acorns has a pointed shield instead of an oval one.
856:
743:
700:
389:
323:
253:
237:
182:
1921:
Hausler, Manfred (2006). "From Schongau to Saint Petersburg".
498:
produced a double 52-card, German-suited pack for the game of
314:
Traditional card games in which German suits are used include
2940:
2006:
1284:
1197:
692:
430:
German suited decks tend to have fewer cards than either the
404:
249:
229:
2061:. Leinfelden: Deutsches Spielkarten-Museum. pp. 61–114.
630:
4796:
4087:
4016:
4009:
2719:
1419:
in 1848–49, the Austrian government confiscated the cards.
1353:
984:
688:
569:
507:
419:
374:
1648:. Nuremberg: Germanischen Nationalmuseums. pp. 19–21.
1125:
pattern was one of the two ancestors (the other being the
2416:
475:
2280:
Kranich, Jurgen; Radau, Sigmar; Schlede, Stefan (2009).
1051:
Regensburg pattern (predecessor of the Bohemian pattern)
1693:
1503:
Spring, a young woman picking flowers (different poses)
1295:
and others using different court designs, also exists.
1182:
United Altenburger und Stralsunder Spielkarten-Fabriken
1039:
Isarkreis pattern (predecessor of the Salzburg pattern)
2074:
at Meine Spielkarten Seite. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
1176:, and manufactured around 1854, is known today as the
652:
pattern, in old, new and double-figured variants, the
456:
i.e. subordinate, underling or sergeant), Over Knave (
4128:
1710:
1708:
1401:
and the first decks were made by József Schneider of
1106:) pattern pack is the standard one still used in the
834:, created by Walter Krauss (1908–1985) in the former
539:
being the higher card. For instance, in the Bavarian
2125:
1897:
at www.stadt-altenburg.de. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
2160:
2158:
2156:
2200:"Andy's Playing Cards – Shapes, Sizes and Colours"
1705:
1189:of the Bavarian pattern from its Munich type are:
482:) for a total of 32 cards. The "Ace" is really a
208:This area is now distributed in modern states of
4991:
2153:
1686:several times in its description of the game of
3818:
1856:at www.thueringen24.de. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
1846:Welterstes Rommé-Blatt aus Thüringen erschienen
1732:
299:only the Prussian-Silesian pattern, common in
4114:
3804:
3352:Worshipful Company of Makers of Playing Cards
2338:
1518:
1133:In the middle of the 17th century, after the
668:. In northern patterns, the acorns are red.
2310:. Vol. 15, no. 1. pp. 19–24.
1911:at www.abg-info.de. Retrieved 27 August 2019
1807:
1799:http://www.altacarta.com/overview/DDR-d.html
2122:at i-p-c-s.org. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
1146:
979:. Games that require the full deck include
4700:
4441:
4436:
4121:
4107:
3811:
3797:
3347:Saga Arashiyama Museum of Arts and Culture
2345:
2331:
2293:. Vol. 8, no. 1. pp. 1–19.
1803:http://www.altacarta.com/overview/DDR.html
1030:Ansbach or Nuremberg (narrow type) pattern
466:i.e. superordinate, overlord or officer),
1657:
1655:
1014:Salzburg pattern - in Austria called the
535:and they are of comparable use, with the
4140:Historical patterns are shown in italics
1935:
1784:at i-p-c-s.org. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
1522:
1293:the Nuremberg Playing Card Company (NSV)
1150:
802:
776:
731:East German pattern, designed 1963–1964.
670:
349:
39:
31:
4425:
3637:The Card Sharp with the Ace of Diamonds
2246:
2131:
2013:. Společnost Playing card company. 2022
1996:at wopc.co.uk. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
1914:
1699:
1637:
547:(= the King of Hearts, nicknamed after
51:are a very common style of traditional
14:
4992:
3290:International Skat Players Association
1725:
1723:
1652:
1611:This is because the French regions of
817:
4102:
3792:
3391:Blackstone's Card Trick Without Cards
3374:
2326:
2279:
2233:
2170:
1960:
1714:
1019:
1018:("einfachdeutsch") as opposed to the
585:Many regions have their own pattern (
2305:
2288:
2220:
2192:
2164:
2050:
1867:Alta Carta: The DDR Pattern (German)
1738:Kranich, Radau & Schlede (2009).
1669:. London: Duckworth. pp. 10–29.
1048:Nuremberg Eagle (coat of arms) cards
1026:Patterns that have ceased printing:
3672:Violin and Playing Cards on a Table
3265:
1816:"Patterns from former East Germany"
1720:
1383:, is popular throughout the former
1379:, Hungarian, in Austria called the
1331:
1005:Bavarian Doppelbild, Stralsund type
850:
24:
4395:
3342:Musée Français de la Carte à Jouer
3328:International Playing-Card Society
3016:United States Playing Card Company
2148:International Playing-Card Society
2045:International Playing-Card Society
1972:International Playing-Card Society
1947:International Playing-Card Society
599:Unters of Acorns in Northern decks
418:
403:
388:
373:
25:
5011:
4419:
2352:
2284:. Berlin: Studien zur Spielkarte.
2007:"Společnost Playing card company"
1813:
1797:pictures of the original design:
1793:further history of this pattern:
1646:Altdeutsche Spielkarten 1500–1650
1399:Kolozsvár (Austrian: Klausenburg)
1155:Unter of Acorns, Bavarian pattern
998:Patterns that are still printed:
787:
4938:
4937:
4481:
4475:
4469:
4463:
4431:
4389:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4151:
4028:
3981:
3941:
3901:
3313:Fournier Museum of Playing Cards
3308:Cary Collection of Playing Cards
2227:The Playing Card and its History
1880:Pattern example on picture no. 4
1361:
1345:
1256:
1244:
1084:
1072:
1002:Bavarian Doppelbild, Munich type
941:
929:
906:
894:
681:
629:
617:
605:
4949:Playing card packs by geography
4383:
3630:Card Players in a Rich Interior
2242:]. Hanover: Schmidt-Küster.
2137:
2111:
2095:
2085:Deutsche Bilder-Deutsche Farben
2077:
2065:
2034:
2025:
1999:
1985:
1900:
1886:
1872:
1859:
1838:
1820:Andy's Playing Cards (archived)
1787:
1773:
1750:
1605:
1596:
1583:
1574:
1339:Tell pattern (Central European)
1217:, instead of the more accurate
750:there was also a pack known as
737:
4592:Spanish National (Old Catalan)
4160:
4157:
2108:. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
1741:
1673:
1565:
1318:where it eventually died out.
1230:
1209:The Cupid has butterfly wings.
648:Northern patterns include the
345:
13:
1:
4409:
4402:
4377:
4372:
4366:
4154:
3531:The Phantom of the Card Table
3318:German Doppelkopf Association
2986:Nürnberger-Spielkarten-Verlag
2214:
1941:
1643:
1630:
1417:Hungarian War of Independence
1045:Nuremberg pattern (wide type)
1008:Franconian reversible pattern
656:pattern and the two types of
284:since the late 17th-century.
128:central and western Romania.
3750:Patience and solitaire games
3644:Cardplayers in a Sunlit Room
3476:The Expert at the Card Table
1920:
1894:Skat-Andenken im Museumsshop
1661:
1623:) were once German territory
1558:
1196:The Unter of Acorns wears a
1011:Bohemian (or Prague) pattern
7:
4976:Tarot and Tarock card games
4967:Non trick-taking card games
3820:German-suited playing cards
3768:Tarot and Tarock card games
3732:Non trick-taking card games
3213:Richard Valentine Pitchford
3183:Master of the Playing Cards
2282:Schwerdterkarten Band vol 1
2150:. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
2072:Würtembergisches Doppelbild
2047:. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
880:
643:
580:
527:and the 7 of Acorns as the
151:German-speaking Switzerland
49:German-suited playing cards
10:
5016:
4414:
3323:German Playing Card Museum
2229:]. Budapest: Gondolat.
2223:A játékkártya és története
2176:
1966:
1519:Franco-German hybrid decks
1116:
131:
5000:Playing card suit systems
4933:
4892:
4852:
4774:
4718:
4674:
4571:
4492:
4460:
4335:
4293:
4168:
4146:
4137:
4070:
4024:
3977:
3936:
3897:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3883:
3880:
3871:
3862:
3853:
3844:
3838:
3826:
3717:
3680:
3594:
3587:
3360:
3256:
3095:
3045:
3024:
2923:
2914:
2878:
2825:
2804:
2781:
2763:
2756:
2669:
2543:
2469:
2409:
2371:
2360:
2265:Hausler, Manfred (2010).
2247:Dummett, Michael (1980).
2056:
1908:Sonderbriefmarken sind da
1644:Hoffmann, Detlef (1993).
1251:Courts: old and new types
515:which is often used as a
27:Card deck used in Germany
3285:International Skat Court
3275:British Skat Association
2236:Spielen und Kartenspiele
1537:reunification of Germany
1312:Württembergischer Tarock
1147:Modern Bavarian patterns
1036:Bavarian-Swabian pattern
4827:Harifuda & Hikifuda
3741:Trick-taking card games
3280:German Skat Association
3058:Bielefelder Spielkarten
2119:Austrian pattern sheets
2031:Hausler (2010), p. 117.
1762:4 December 2022 at the
1555:also used this scheme.
1385:Austro-Hungarian Empire
4894:Historical suit-system
4603:Modern Spanish Catalan
4078:Face card / Court card
3665:Still Life with a Poem
2868:Guru (circular whirls)
2221:Benő, Zsoldos (1980).
2059:All Cards on the Table
1943:"Old Bavarian pattern"
1729:Suma (1979), pp. 1–16.
1528:
1457:Kuoni the shepherd or
1156:
955:The 36 card Bavarian (
871:pattern), designed by
865:regular German version
812:
782:
676:
423:
408:
393:
378:
358:
357:(Deuce) of Bells, 1573
276:), bordering Hungary.
45:
37:
4958:Historical card games
4903:Ambraser Hofjagdspiel
4258:Archaeology awareness
3723:Historical card games
3704:Play Your Cards Right
3421:Twenty-One Card Trick
3396:The Circus Card Trick
3158:Johann Kaspar Hechtel
2484:Archaeology awareness
2478:Ambraser Hofjagdspiel
2251:. London: Duckworth.
2234:Braun, Franz (1966).
2087:. Prien am Chiemsee:
2057:Mann, Sylvia (1990).
1968:"Later Tyrol pattern"
1682:(1783) refers to the
1526:
1484:Stüssi the Ranger or
1381:Double German pattern
1352:Full deck; note the "
1283:decks used in nearby
1154:
1020:Double German pattern
1016:Single German pattern
991:and some versions of
807:East German pattern (
806:
780:
674:
422:
407:
392:
377:
353:
140:) originally entered
43:
35:
4910:Flemish Hunting Deck
4452:Polish playing cards
4132:packs by suit system
3487:History of cardistry
2971:J.O. Öberg & Son
2494:Flemish Hunting Deck
2240:Games and Card Games
2206:on 21 February 2009.
1852:16 June 2019 at the
1589:Known in Austria as
1356:" on the 6 of Bells.
1159:In the newly formed
549:Bavaria's first King
282:French playing cards
4548:Tarot of Marseilles
4405:(Prussian-Silesian)
4318:Industrie und Glück
3681:Film and television
3623:The Card Players II
3381:The Acme of Control
2144:Tell pattern type 1
2091:. 1985. p. 21.
2041:Württemberg pattern
1747:Suma (1986), p. 19.
1680:Der Teutsche Merkur
1486:Arnold von Melchtal
1238:Württemberg pattern
832:East German pattern
818:East German pattern
293:French-suited cards
268:, and southwestern
244:(in the regions of
147:Swiss playing cards
4537:Tarocco Piemontese
4527:Primiera Bolognese
3658:Dogs Playing Poker
3223:Johann Georg Rauch
3011:U.S. Games Systems
2373:Playing card suits
1768:Leipziger Seenland
1529:
1459:Werner Stauffacher
1389:Friedrich Schiller
1161:Kingdom of Bavaria
1157:
888:Franconian pattern
813:
783:
695:rivers and by the
677:
424:
409:
394:
379:
359:
272:(in the region of
256:(in the region of
232:(in the region of
203:Kingdom of Hungary
179:Kingdom of Bavaria
125:French suit system
46:
38:
18:Double German pack
4987:
4986:
4714:
4713:
4684:Tarocco Siciliano
4581:Castilian pattern
4555:Tarot de Besançon
4532:Tarocco Bolognese
4331:
4330:
4275:Most-wanted Iraqi
4263:Hamas most wanted
4188:Dondorf Rhineland
4096:
4095:
4065:
4064:
3786:
3785:
3713:
3712:
3564:Si Stebbins stack
3428:
3427:
3406:Out of This World
3401:The Four Burglars
3362:Card manipulation
3298:
3297:
3248:Fusajiro Yamauchi
3208:Ferdinand Piatnik
3091:
3090:
2910:
2909:
2637:Portuguese-suited
2539:
2538:
2516:Most-wanted Iraqi
2499:Hamas most wanted
2456:Curse of Scotland
2275:978-3-937200-89-7
2249:The Game of Tarot
1814:Pollett, Andrea.
1702:, pp. 23–25.
1667:The Game of Tarot
1516:
1515:
1135:Thirty Years' War
1022:("doppeldeutsch")
873:Franciszek Bunsch
662:Prussian-Silesian
428:
427:
289:Thirty Years' War
175:Holy Roman Empire
16:(Redirected from
5007:
4980:
4974:
4971:
4965:
4962:
4956:
4953:
4947:
4941:
4940:
4870:Dashabatar Cards
4704:
4615:Parisian Spanish
4490:
4489:
4485:
4479:
4473:
4467:
4445:
4440:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4200:(Anglo-American)
4166:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4123:
4116:
4109:
4100:
4099:
4032:
3985:
3946:
3945:
3905:
3836:
3835:
3828:Standard 36-card
3813:
3806:
3799:
3790:
3789:
3781:
3775:
3772:
3766:
3763:
3757:
3754:
3748:
3745:
3739:
3736:
3730:
3727:
3721:
3616:The Card Players
3609:The Bezique Game
3592:
3591:
3574:Three-card monte
3453:Cards in the hat
3372:
3371:
3334:The Playing-Card
3263:
3262:
3198:Samuel J. Murray
3138:Thierry Depaulis
2921:
2920:
2805:German and Swiss
2761:
2760:
2567:Four-colour pack
2369:
2368:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2308:The Playing-Card
2302:
2291:The Playing-Card
2285:
2262:
2243:
2230:
2208:
2207:
2202:. Archived from
2196:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2174:
2168:
2162:
2151:
2141:
2135:
2129:
2123:
2115:
2109:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2054:
2048:
2038:
2032:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2003:
1997:
1993:Bohemian Pattern
1989:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1924:The Playing-Card
1918:
1912:
1904:
1898:
1890:
1884:
1876:
1870:
1863:
1857:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1822:. Archived from
1811:
1805:
1791:
1785:
1781:Pattern Sheet 52
1777:
1771:
1770:, 2/2012, p. 69.
1754:
1748:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1730:
1727:
1718:
1712:
1703:
1697:
1691:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1663:Dummett, Michael
1659:
1650:
1649:
1641:
1624:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1594:
1587:
1581:
1578:
1572:
1569:
1490:Ulrich of Rudenz
1434:
1433:
1365:
1349:
1332:Central European
1260:
1248:
1088:
1076:
1066:Bohemian pattern
1054:Tyrolean pattern
945:
933:
923:Salzburg pattern
910:
898:
851:Prussian pattern
633:
621:
609:
591:William Stukeley
361:
360:
220:, south east of
21:
5015:
5014:
5010:
5009:
5008:
5006:
5005:
5004:
4990:
4989:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4972:
4969:
4963:
4960:
4954:
4951:
4945:
4929:
4888:
4848:
4776:
4770:
4722:
4710:
4670:
4567:
4462:
4456:
4339:
4327:
4308:Bourgeois Tarot
4289:
4253:Four-color deck
4183:Belgian-Genoese
4150:
4142:
4133:
4127:
4097:
4092:
4066:
3940:
3829:
3822:
3817:
3787:
3782:
3779:
3773:
3770:
3764:
3761:
3755:
3752:
3746:
3743:
3737:
3734:
3728:
3725:
3719:
3709:
3676:
3583:
3424:
3364:
3356:
3294:
3258:
3252:
3238:Charles Troedel
3233:Howard Thurston
3153:Richard Harding
3087:
3068:Charles Goodall
3041:
3020:
2931:ASS Altenburger
2916:
2906:
2903:Tens of Myriads
2893:Strings of Cash
2880:Chinese (Money)
2874:
2821:
2800:
2777:
2752:
2665:
2546:
2535:
2465:
2444:Queen of spades
2405:
2363:
2356:
2351:
2259:
2217:
2212:
2211:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2183:
2181:
2175:
2171:
2163:
2154:
2142:
2138:
2130:
2126:
2116:
2112:
2100:
2096:
2083:
2082:
2078:
2070:
2066:
2055:
2051:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2026:
2016:
2014:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1990:
1986:
1976:
1974:
1965:
1961:
1951:
1949:
1940:
1936:
1919:
1915:
1905:
1901:
1891:
1887:
1877:
1873:
1864:
1860:
1854:Wayback Machine
1843:
1839:
1829:
1827:
1826:on 5 March 2008
1812:
1808:
1792:
1788:
1778:
1774:
1764:Wayback Machine
1755:
1751:
1746:
1742:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1721:
1713:
1706:
1698:
1694:
1678:
1674:
1660:
1653:
1642:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1627:
1610:
1606:
1601:
1597:
1588:
1584:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1521:
1480:Hermann Gessler
1373:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1368:Unter of Acorns
1366:
1358:
1357:
1350:
1341:
1340:
1334:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1263:Unter of Acorns
1261:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1240:
1239:
1233:
1149:
1139:Congress Poland
1119:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1091:Unter of Acorns
1089:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1068:
1067:
1042:Lemberg pattern
981:Bavarian Tarock
973:einfachdeutsche
953:
952:
951:
950:
949:
948:Unter of Acorns
946:
938:
937:
934:
925:
924:
918:
917:
916:
915:
914:
913:Unter of Acorns
911:
903:
902:
899:
890:
889:
883:
853:
840:ASS Altenburger
820:
790:
740:
713:dukes of Saxony
684:
646:
641:
640:
639:
638:
637:
634:
626:
625:
622:
614:
613:
610:
601:
600:
583:
496:ASS Altenburger
417:
415:
402:
400:
387:
385:
372:
370:
348:
336:Bavarian Tarock
142:German-speaking
136:Playing cards (
134:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5013:
5003:
5002:
4985:
4984:
4982:
4981:
4934:
4931:
4930:
4928:
4927:
4924:Stuttgart pack
4920:
4913:
4906:
4898:
4896:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4886:
4879:
4874:
4873:
4872:
4867:
4856:
4854:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4846:
4845:
4844:
4839:
4832:E-awase Karuta
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4813:
4812:
4805:
4800:
4788:
4780:
4778:
4775:Single-suited/
4772:
4771:
4769:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4735:
4733:
4716:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4709:
4708:
4698:
4693:
4686:
4680:
4678:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4668:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4643:Madrid pattern
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4621:Franco-Spanish
4617:
4612:
4609:French Catalan
4605:
4600:
4595:
4588:
4583:
4577:
4575:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4498:
4496:
4487:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4449:
4434:
4429:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4399:
4393:
4386:
4381:
4375:
4370:
4362:
4360:
4333:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4299:
4297:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4287:
4285:Transformation
4282:
4277:
4272:
4269:Jerry's Nugget
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4216:Modern Swedish
4213:
4208:
4201:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4174:
4172:
4163:
4144:
4143:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4126:
4125:
4118:
4111:
4103:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4074:
4072:
4068:
4067:
4063:
4062:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4022:
4021:
4014:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3975:
3974:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3947:
3934:
3933:
3930:
3927:
3924:
3921:
3918:
3915:
3912:
3909:
3906:
3895:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3870:
3861:
3852:
3843:
3834:
3832:
3824:
3823:
3816:
3815:
3808:
3801:
3793:
3784:
3783:
3718:
3715:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3700:
3692:
3684:
3682:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3668:
3661:
3654:
3651:The Cardsharps
3647:
3640:
3633:
3626:
3619:
3612:
3605:
3598:
3596:
3589:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3539:
3537:Second dealing
3534:
3527:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3499:
3494:
3492:House of cards
3489:
3484:
3479:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3433:Bottom dealing
3429:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3386:Ambitious Card
3383:
3378:
3376:
3369:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3271:
3269:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3218:Franco Pratesi
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3168:Sekiryo Kaneda
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3099:
3097:
3096:Notable people
3093:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3034:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2927:
2925:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2901:
2895:
2890:
2884:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2841:
2839:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2808:
2806:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2787:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2769:
2767:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2724:
2723:
2716:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2684:
2679:
2673:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2656:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2603:Hyakunin Isshu
2599:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2551:
2549:
2541:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2531:Transformation
2528:
2526:Stuttgart pack
2523:
2518:
2513:
2511:Jerry's Nugget
2508:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2473:
2471:
2470:Specific decks
2467:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2447:
2446:
2436:
2431:
2430:
2429:
2424:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2380:
2366:
2358:
2357:
2350:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2303:
2286:
2277:
2269:Munich: Volk.
2263:
2257:
2244:
2231:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2191:
2169:
2152:
2136:
2124:
2110:
2094:
2076:
2064:
2049:
2033:
2024:
1998:
1984:
1959:
1934:
1913:
1899:
1885:
1871:
1858:
1837:
1806:
1786:
1772:
1749:
1740:
1731:
1719:
1704:
1692:
1672:
1651:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1604:
1595:
1591:doppeldeutsche
1582:
1573:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1553:Grimaud Junior
1549:Berlin pattern
1520:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1488:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1471:Rudolf Harras
1469:
1464:
1461:
1455:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1367:
1360:
1359:
1351:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1262:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1194:
1187:Stralsund type
1148:
1145:
1118:
1115:
1090:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1057:Polish pattern
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1024:
1023:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
947:
940:
939:
935:
928:
927:
926:
922:
921:
920:
919:
912:
905:
904:
900:
893:
892:
891:
887:
886:
885:
884:
882:
879:
852:
849:
819:
816:
811:picture cards)
794:Schwerterkarte
789:
788:Schwerterkarte
786:
739:
736:
733:
732:
729:
726:
723:
709:Schwerterkarte
683:
680:
675:Stukeley cards
645:
642:
635:
628:
627:
623:
616:
615:
611:
604:
603:
602:
598:
597:
596:
595:
582:
579:
426:
425:
410:
395:
380:
365:
347:
344:
309:Berlin pattern
274:Transcarpathia
214:Czech Republic
133:
130:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5012:
5001:
4998:
4997:
4995:
4977:
4968:
4959:
4950:
4944:
4936:
4935:
4932:
4926:
4925:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4917:Hofämterspiel
4914:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4905:
4904:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4895:
4891:
4885:
4884:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4855:
4851:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4811:
4810:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4798:
4794:
4793:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4786:
4782:
4781:
4779:
4773:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4741:
4737:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4728:
4725:
4721:
4717:
4707:
4703:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4691:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4681:
4679:
4677:
4673:
4667:
4666:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4644:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4598:Cádiz pattern
4596:
4594:
4593:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4574:
4570:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4552:
4550:
4549:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4495:
4491:
4488:
4484:
4478:
4472:
4466:
4459:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4444:
4439:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4427:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4404:
4400:
4398:(East German)
4397:
4396:New Altenburg
4394:
4392:
4391:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4368:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4334:
4324:
4323:Tarot Nouveau
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4296:
4292:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4233:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4206:
4202:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4171:
4167:
4164:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4124:
4119:
4117:
4112:
4110:
4105:
4104:
4101:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4020:
4019:
4015:
4013:
4012:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3993:
3990:
3987:
3984:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3969:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3944:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3928:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3878:
3876:
3869:
3867:
3860:
3858:
3851:
3849:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3831:
3825:
3821:
3814:
3809:
3807:
3802:
3800:
3795:
3794:
3791:
3778:
3769:
3760:
3751:
3742:
3733:
3724:
3716:
3706:
3705:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3696:Playing Cards
3693:
3691:
3690:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3679:
3674:
3673:
3669:
3667:
3666:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3648:
3646:
3645:
3641:
3639:
3638:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3625:
3624:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3599:
3597:
3593:
3590:
3588:Art and media
3586:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3482:Herrmann pass
3480:
3478:
3477:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3460:Cardistry-Con
3458:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3448:Card throwing
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3363:
3359:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3335:
3331:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3303:52 Plus Joker
3301:
3300:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3264:
3261:
3259:organisations
3255:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3203:David Parlett
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3148:Lennart Green
3146:
3144:
3143:S. W. Erdnase
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3094:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2991:Oishi Tengudo
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2956:France Cartes
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2924:Manufacturers
2922:
2919:
2915:Manufacturers
2913:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2877:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2824:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2759:
2755:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2738:Stripped deck
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2542:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2505:Hofämterspiel
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2428:
2427:Ace of hearts
2425:
2423:
2422:Ace of spades
2420:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2359:
2355:
2354:Playing cards
2348:
2343:
2341:
2336:
2334:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2258:0-7156-1014-7
2254:
2250:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2218:
2205:
2201:
2195:
2179:
2173:
2166:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2149:
2145:
2140:
2133:
2128:
2121:
2120:
2114:
2107:
2106:BoardGameGeek
2103:
2098:
2090:
2086:
2080:
2073:
2068:
2060:
2053:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2028:
2012:
2011:hracikarty.cz
2008:
2002:
1995:
1994:
1988:
1973:
1969:
1963:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1917:
1910:
1909:
1903:
1896:
1895:
1889:
1882:
1881:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1862:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1841:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1810:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1790:
1783:
1782:
1776:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1753:
1744:
1735:
1726:
1724:
1717:, p. 26.
1716:
1711:
1709:
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1689:
1685:
1681:
1676:
1668:
1664:
1658:
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1647:
1640:
1636:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1608:
1599:
1592:
1586:
1577:
1568:
1564:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1542:
1541:Skat Congress
1538:
1534:
1525:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1481:
1478:
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1474:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1453:
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1448:
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1439:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1411:
1406:
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1400:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1364:
1355:
1348:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1287:. Unters are
1286:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1259:
1247:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1221:, prevailed.
1220:
1216:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1183:
1179:
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1166:
1162:
1153:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1128:
1124:
1114:
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1109:
1105:
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1087:
1075:
1061:
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1053:
1050:
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1038:
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1032:
1029:
1028:
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1017:
1013:
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1001:
1000:
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994:
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970:
966:
962:
958:
944:
932:
909:
897:
878:
876:
874:
870:
866:
862:
861:Upper Silesia
858:
848:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
824:New Altenburg
815:
810:
805:
801:
799:
795:
785:
781:Saxon pattern
779:
775:
773:
772:Ore Mountains
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
735:
730:
727:
724:
721:
720:
719:
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
697:Ore Mountains
694:
690:
682:Saxon pattern
679:
673:
669:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
636:New Altenburg
632:
620:
608:
594:
592:
588:
578:
576:
572:
571:
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
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538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
509:
503:
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489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
460:
455:
451:
450:
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421:
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384:
381:
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356:
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337:
333:
329:
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317:
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302:
298:
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277:
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223:
219:
215:
211:
206:
204:
200:
196:
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188:
184:
180:
176:
171:
168:
164:
160:
154:
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143:
139:
129:
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118:
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110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
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74:
70:
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4979:}}
4973:{{
4970:}}
4964:{{
4961:}}
4955:{{
4952:}}
4946:{{
4922:
4915:
4908:
4901:
4893:
4881:
4842:Iroha karuta
4807:
4795:
4783:
4750:
4738:
4720:Money-suited
4706:Unsun Karuta
4688:
4663:
4641:
4619:
4607:
4590:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4424:
4401:
4388:
4365:
4336:
4303:Animal Tarot
4267:
4230:
4203:
4139:
4130:Playing card
4017:
4010:
3874:
3865:
3856:
3847:
3819:
3780:}}
3777:Occult tarot
3774:{{
3771:}}
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3720:{{
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3687:
3670:
3663:
3656:
3649:
3642:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3602:The Acrobats
3600:
3529:
3497:One-way deck
3474:
3438:Card marking
3416:Spelling Bee
3332:
3228:Juan Tamariz
3133:Dan and Dave
3123:Derren Brown
3118:David Blaine
3053:Aspioti-ELKA
3001:Ravensburger
2764:
2718:
2658:
2651:
2624:
2615:
2608:
2601:
2594:
2587:
2578:
2571:
2554:
2503:
2476:
2364:52-card deck
2307:
2290:
2281:
2266:
2248:
2239:
2235:
2226:
2222:
2204:the original
2194:
2182:. Retrieved
2172:
2139:
2134:, p. 6.
2132:Dummett 1980
2127:
2118:
2113:
2097:
2084:
2079:
2067:
2058:
2052:
2036:
2027:
2015:. Retrieved
2010:
2001:
1992:
1987:
1975:. Retrieved
1962:
1950:. Retrieved
1937:
1931:(2): 96–110.
1928:
1922:
1916:
1907:
1902:
1893:
1888:
1879:
1874:
1866:
1861:
1845:
1840:
1828:. Retrieved
1824:the original
1819:
1809:
1789:
1780:
1775:
1767:
1752:
1743:
1734:
1700:Dummett 1980
1695:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1666:
1645:
1639:
1607:
1598:
1590:
1585:
1576:
1567:
1546:
1530:
1494:William Tell
1467:Walter Fürst
1430:
1425:
1414:
1407:
1394:Wilhelm Tell
1392:
1380:
1377:Tell pattern
1376:
1374:
1328:
1320:Pressman Toy
1297:
1269:
1227:
1223:
1218:
1214:
1212:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1172:card maker,
1165:Old Bavarian
1164:
1158:
1143:
1132:
1126:
1122:
1120:
1113:
1103:
1099:
1097:
1060:
1025:
1015:
997:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
954:
877:
868:
854:
836:East Germany
831:
827:
823:
821:
814:
793:
791:
784:
767:
763:
759:
755:
752:Ruimpf cards
751:
741:
738:Ruimpf cards
734:
717:
708:
685:
678:
661:
657:
653:
649:
647:
586:
584:
574:
568:
565:
560:
556:
552:
544:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
512:
506:
504:
491:
487:
479:
471:
463:
457:
453:
447:
440:Italian sets
429:
412:
397:
382:
367:
354:
313:
286:
278:
252:), northern
246:Transylvania
236:), southern
207:
172:
166:
162:
158:
155:
149:are used in
137:
135:
120:
116:
112:
104:
100:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
68:
64:
53:playing card
48:
47:
29:
4696:Komatsufuda
4512:Bergamasche
4432:Württemberg
4390:Lower Saxon
4280:Politicards
4226:Piedmontese
3830:German deck
3689:Card Sharks
3579:Trick decks
3470:Double lift
3411:Rising Card
3193:Anton Moser
3188:John McLeod
3173:René Lavand
3128:Lewis Cohen
3108:Hubert Auer
3083:Waddingtons
3078:Lewis Cohen
2961:F.X. Schmid
2757:Other suits
2545:Other packs
2521:Politicards
2180:. trift.org
2089:F.X. Schmid
1619:(currently
1533:unification
1463:Itel Reding
1272:Württemberg
1231:Württemberg
1178:Munich type
1141:from 1918.
798:Altenburger
756:Rümpffkarte
654:Lower Saxon
624:Prussian II
593:, in 1763.
346:Composition
234:South Tyrol
228:, northern
185:, Habsburg
138:Spielkarten
4853:Many suits
4837:Uta-garuta
4809:Vogelspiel
4777:non-suited
4746:Six Tigers
4676:Portuguese
4654:Napoletane
4632:Piacentine
4426:Ulm-Munich
4384:Franconian
4313:Adler-Cego
3569:Spoke card
3518:mechanic's
3513:magician's
3504:and grips
3443:Card sharp
3257:Groups and
3243:Dai Vernon
3113:Bryan Berg
2936:Cartamundi
2917:and brands
2900:of Strings
2836:Portuguese
2687:Court card
2647:Tarot pack
2617:uta-garuta
2215:Literature
2017:5 December
1977:2 February
1952:2 February
1830:2 February
1715:Braun 1966
1631:References
1531:After the
1415:After the
1316:Palatinate
1300:Doppelkopf
1289:journeymen
1281:Adler Cego
1174:C. L. Wüst
1127:Ulm-Munich
965:Franconian
828:New German
809:Doppelkopf
764:Rümpfspiel
760:Rümpfkarte
320:Doppelkopf
297:River Main
287:Until the
240:, western
4690:Minchiate
4649:Siciliane
4637:Romagnole
4542:Swiss 1JJ
4522:Triestine
4517:Trevisane
4507:Bresciane
4178:Baronesse
3595:Paintings
3552:Gilbreath
3542:Shuffling
3508:gambler's
3367:cardistry
3163:Ricky Jay
3103:Lee Asher
3063:C.L. Wüst
2946:Dal Negro
2864:Japanese
2733:Nicknames
2547:and decks
2461:Beer card
2362:Standard
2316:0305-2133
2299:0305-2133
2165:Benő 1980
2102:Karnöffel
1688:Karniffel
1621:Grand-Est
1559:Footnotes
1437:Rank/Suit
1324:Karnöffel
1170:Frankfurt
1079:Full deck
977:Schafkopf
961:Stralsund
936:Full deck
901:Full deck
748:Thuringia
705:Thuringia
517:wild card
454:Untermann
328:Schafkopf
258:Vojvodina
4994:Category
4943:Category
4877:Hanafuda
4822:Kabufuda
4817:Kvitlech
4761:Bài chòi
4665:Charruan
4562:Trappola
4502:Trentine
4410:Salzburg
4403:Prussian
4380:(Prague)
4378:Bohemian
4373:Bavarian
4367:Augsburg
4170:Standard
4083:Pip card
3178:Ed Marlo
2981:Nintendo
2951:Fournier
2709:Pip card
2626:Kvitlech
2610:kabufuda
2596:hanafuda
2489:Charruan
2396:Diamonds
1850:Archived
1760:Archived
1665:(1980).
1617:Lorraine
1410:Habsburg
1304:Pinochle
1123:Augsburg
1108:Bohemian
1100:Bohemian
969:Salzburg
963:types),
881:Southern
869:Silesian
768:Rümpffen
658:Prussian
644:Northern
581:Patterns
474:), and "
464:Obermann
383:Schellen
266:Slovakia
262:Slovenia
187:Erblande
4865:Ganjapa
4860:Ganjifa
4751:Bài bất
4627:Aluette
4586:Mexican
4573:Spanish
4494:Italian
4238:Russian
4211:Lombard
4205:Hamburg
4198:English
3873:Unter (
3846:Deuce (
3465:Cutting
3073:Dondorf
3046:Defunct
3037:Grimaud
3032:Bicycle
2996:Piatnik
2976:Modiano
2898:Myriads
2832:Spanish
2828:Italian
2826:Latin (
2791:Shields
2748:Unicode
2642:Russian
2580:ganjapa
2573:Ganjifa
2562:Chinese
2184:20 June
2146:at the
2043:at the
1449:Acorns
1421:Piatnik
1277:Knights
1117:Origins
577:(sow).
533:Soacher
436:Spanish
413:Blätter
398:Eicheln
316:Binokel
305:Silesia
301:Prussia
270:Ukraine
242:Romania
226:Hungary
222:Germany
218:Croatia
210:Austria
199:Silesia
195:Moravia
191:Bohemia
132:History
113:Schelle
4883:Tujeon
4785:As-Nas
4756:Tổ tôm
4740:Madiao
4486:
4480:
4474:
4468:
4337:German
4248:Vienna
4243:Tuscan
4148:French
4071:Others
3979:Hearts
3938:Leaves
3899:Acorns
3864:Ober (
3855:King (
3699:(1896)
3557:Zarrow
3523:Tenkai
3375:Tricks
3025:Brands
2966:Gemaco
2860:Swords
2855:Batons
2812:Acorns
2773:Leaves
2765:German
2692:knight
2677:Banner
2660:Zi pai
2653:Tujeon
2632:Polish
2589:Karuta
2556:As-Nas
2391:Hearts
2386:Spades
2377:French
2314:
2297:
2273:
2255:
1684:Panier
1613:Alsace
1446:Leaves
1440:Hearts
1308:Gaigel
1306:, and
1163:, the
1104:Prague
993:Watten
967:, and
957:Munich
863:. The
857:Poland
744:Saxony
701:Saxony
559:) and
541:Watten
519:. The
432:French
416:Leaves
401:Acorns
371:Hearts
368:Herzen
364:Suits
340:Watten
324:Gaigel
254:Serbia
238:Poland
183:Saxony
167:Panier
163:Panier
159:Banner
117:Schell
107:) and
97:Hearts
73:Leaves
65:Eichel
61:Acorns
4803:Kille
4791:Cuccù
4659:Sarde
4461:Latin
4447:Swiss
4415:Saxon
4295:Tarot
4232:Rouen
4221:Paris
4193:Dutch
4044:Unter
4035:Deuce
4026:Bells
3997:Unter
3988:Deuce
3958:Unter
3949:Deuce
3917:Unter
3908:Deuce
3875:Unter
3857:König
3842:/rank
3759:Poker
3502:Palms
3006:Trefl
2941:Copag
2850:Coins
2817:Bells
2796:Roses
2783:Swiss
2743:Talon
2728:Joker
2714:deuce
2702:Unter
2682:Blank
2670:Cards
2439:Queen
2410:Ranks
2401:Clubs
2238:[
2225:[
1500:Deuce
1454:Unter
1443:Bells
1285:Baden
1198:beret
844:Rommé
693:Saale
660:, or
650:Saxon
612:Saxon
561:Spitz
557:Welli
553:Belli
529:Spitz
525:Belli
513:Belle
500:Rommé
484:Deuce
472:König
449:Unter
444:Knave
438:, or
386:Bells
250:Banat
230:Italy
201:) or
121:Bolle
109:Bells
81:Blatt
69:Kreuz
57:suits
4797:Gnav
4766:Ceki
4420:Tell
4088:Weli
4041:Ober
4038:King
3994:Ober
3991:King
3955:Ober
3952:King
3914:Ober
3911:King
3866:Ober
3848:Daus
3840:Suit
3547:faro
3365:and
3267:Skat
2888:Cash
2845:Cups
2720:Weli
2697:Ober
2451:Jack
2434:King
2312:ISSN
2295:ISSN
2271:ISBN
2253:ISBN
2186:2016
2019:2022
1979:2016
1954:2016
1832:2016
1615:and
1535:and
1476:Ober
1426:Weli
1403:Pest
1375:The
1354:Weli
1270:The
1121:The
1102:(or
1098:The
989:Tapp
985:Jass
971:(or
959:and
746:and
703:and
691:and
689:Elbe
666:Skat
587:Bild
570:Daus
555:(or
545:Maxi
537:Weli
521:Weli
508:Weli
492:Daus
488:Daus
468:King
459:Ober
338:and
332:Skat
248:and
101:Herz
93:Gras
85:Laub
77:Grün
2417:Ace
2104:at
1766:in
1391:'s
1279:in
830:or
766:or
758:or
742:In
575:Sau
551:),
531:or
511:or
480:Ass
478:" (
476:Ace
355:Sau
260:),
205:.
161:or
119:or
105:Rot
103:or
95:),
91:or
89:Pik
71:),
67:or
59:of
4996::
4047:10
4000:10
3961:10
3920:10
3881:10
2155:^
2009:.
1970:.
1945:.
1929:35
1927:.
1818:.
1722:^
1707:^
1654:^
1302:,
995:.
987:,
983:,
826:,
715:.
462:=
452:=
434:,
342:.
334:,
330:,
326:,
322:,
318:,
264:,
224:,
216:,
212:,
197:,
193:,
189:,
181:,
115:,
87:,
83:,
79:,
4732:十
4730:萬
4727:索
4724:文
4161:♠
4158:♥
4155:♣
4152:♦
4122:e
4115:t
4108:v
4060:6
4056:7
4053:8
4050:9
4018:6
4011:7
4006:8
4003:9
3973:6
3970:7
3967:8
3964:9
3932:6
3929:7
3926:8
3923:9
3893:6
3890:7
3887:8
3884:9
3877:)
3868:)
3859:)
3850:)
3812:e
3805:t
3798:v
2838:)
2834:/
2830:/
2379:)
2375:(
2346:e
2339:t
2332:v
2318:.
2301:.
2261:.
2188:.
2167:.
2021:.
1981:.
1956:.
1883:.
1834:.
1690:.
1219:D
1215:A
1200:.
754:(
486:(
470:(
446:(
177:(
111:(
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75:(
63:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
