2377:, the oldest male member of the family. He would be the eldest maternal uncle of the family as well. The members of the Tharavadu consisted of mother, daughters, sons, sisters and brothers. The fathers and husbands had a very minimal role to play in the affairs of the Tharavadu. It was a true matrilineal affair. The Karanavar took all major decisions. He was usually autocratic. However, the consent of the eldest female member of the family was taken before implementing the decisions. This eldest female member would be his maternal grandmother, own mother, mother's sister, his own sister or a sister through his maternal lineage. Since the lineage was through the female members, the birth of a daughter was always welcomed. Each Tharavadu also has a
2957:
65:
293:
455:
149:
2544:
1863:
2564:
311:
329:
239:
3548:"*aH and *iH are demonstrative adjectives reconstructed for Proto-Dravidian, as they show variation in vowel length. When they occur in isolation they occur as ā, and ī but when they are followed by a consonant initial word then they appear as a- and i- as in Ta. appoẓutu 'that time'., : Te. appuḍu id. and Ta. ippoẓutu 'that time'., : Te.ippuḍu id. However, Modern Tamil has replaced ā, and ī with anda and inda but most Dravidian languages have preserved it."
2575:
203:
383:
2469:
473:
347:
221:
401:
527:
365:
275:
509:
2445:
185:
167:
693:
419:
1972:
3411:
257:
491:
437:
7506:
7481:
545:
103:
612:
598:
3078:
2554:
3125:
2337:
globe. J.V. Vilanilam, former Vice-Chancellor of the
University of Kerala; Sunny Luke, medical scientist and former professor of Medical Biotechnology at Adelphi University, New York; and Antony Palackal, professor of sociology at the Loyola College of Social Sciences in Thiruvananthapuram, have edited the book, besides making other contributions to it.
583:
2461:
the limitations of the materials, a mixed-mode of construction was evolved in
Malayali architecture. The stonework was restricted to the plinth even in important buildings such as temples. Laterite was used for walls. The roof structure in timber was covered with palm leaf thatching for most buildings and rarely with tiles for palaces or temples. The
2580:
2577:
2576:
6178:
Nettl, Bruno; Arnold, Alison; Stone, Ruth M.; Porter, James; Rice, Timothy; Olsen, Dale Alan; Miller, Terry E.; Kaeppler, Adrienne Lois; Sheehy, Daniel Edward; Koskoff, Ellen; Williams, Sean; Love, Jacob
Wainwright; Goertzen, Chris; Danielson, Virginia; Marcus, Scott Lloyd; Reynolds, Dwight; Provine,
2456:
Kerala, the ancestral land of the
Malayali people, has a tropical climate with excessive rains and intensive solar radiation. The architecture of this region has evolved to meet these climatic conditions by having the form of buildings with low walls, sloping roof and projecting caves. The setting of
1656:
is 51,100, which is only 0.15% of the total number, but is as much as about 84% of the population of
Lakshadweep. In all, Malayalis made up 3.22% of the total Indian population in 2001. Of the total 33,066,392 Malayalam speakers in India in 2001, 33,015,420 spoke the standard dialects, 19,643 spoke
2460:
Timber is the prime structural material abundantly available in many varieties in Kerala. Perhaps the skillful choice of timber, accurate joinery, artful assembly, and delicate carving of the woodwork for columns, walls and roofs frames are the unique characteristics of
Malayali architecture. From
2336:
in late 19th century CE. World
Malayali Council with its sister organisation, International Institute for Scientific and Academic Collaboration (IISAC) has come out with a comprehensive book on Kerala titled 'Introduction to Kerala Studies,’ specially intended for the Malayali diaspora across the
2192:
mode. In 19th century
Chavara Kuriakose Elias, the founder of Carmelites of Mary Immaculate and Congregation of Mother of Carmel congregations, contribute different streams in the Malayalam Literature. All his works are written between 1829 and 1870. Chavara's contribution to Malayalam literature
3460:
in the 11th century CE. What eventually crystallized into this style is thought to have been a product of existing South Indian styles of combat, combined with techniques brought by other cultures. Kalaripayattu may be one of the oldest martial arts in existence. The oldest western reference to
4614:
1950:
In 2017, a detailed study of the evolution of the
Singapore Malayalee community over a period of more than 100 years was published as a book: From Kerala to Singapore: Voices of the Singapore Malayalee Community. It is believed to be the first in-depth study of the presence of a NRI Malayalee
2579:
2581:
2463:
Kerala murals' are paintings with vegetable dyes on wet walls in subdued shades of brown. The indigenous adoption of the available raw materials and their transformation as enduring media for architectural expression thus became the dominant feature of the
Malayali style of
1640:. According to the Indian census of 2001, there were 30,803,747 speakers of Malayalam in Kerala, making up 93.2% of the total number of Malayalam speakers in India, and 96.7% of the total population of the state. There were a further 701,673 (2.1% of the total number) in
3814:
3271:. It consists of two sections. The lower bulkier portion is where the water for steaming is stored. The upper detachable leaner portion is separated from the lower portion by perforated lids so as to allow the steam to pass through and bake the rice powder.
4611:
4001:
2771:
However, many of these native art forms largely play to tourists or at youth festivals, and are not as popular among ordinary Keralites. Thus, more contemporary forms – including those heavily based on the use of often risqué and
4308:
2513:
in the center. The quadrangle is in every way the center of life in the house and very useful for the performance of rituals. The layout of these homes was simple, and catered to the dwelling of numerous people, usually part of a
2193:
includes, Chronicles, Poems – athmanuthapam (compunction of the soul), Maranaveettil Paduvanulla Pana (Poem to sing in the bereaved house) and Anasthasiayude Rakthasakshyam – and other Literary works . Contemporary
2501:). It was a typical house that was flanked by out-houses and utility structures. The large house-Nalukettu is constructed within a large compound. It was called Nalukettu because it consisted of four wings around a central
7328:
3806:
3653:(PDF), Department of Non-resident Keralite Affairs, Government of Kerala, p. 29. This is the number of emigrants from Kerala, which is closely related to but different from the actual number of Malayalis /Malayalees.
4070:
3052:
is a three-day water festival. It is conducted in Payippad Lake which is 35 km from Alappuzha district of Kerala state. There is a close relation between this Payippad boat race and Subramanya Swamy Temple in
1309:
According to the Indian census of 2011, there are approximately 33 million Malayalis in Kerala, making up 97% of the total population of the state. Malayali minorities are also found in the neighboring state of
3451:
Anthropologists estimate that Kalarippayattu dates back to at least the 12th century CE. The historian Elamkulam Kunjan Pillai attributes the birth of Kalaripayattu to an extended period of warfare between the
4914:
2578:
3612:
1665:. As per the 1991 census data, 28.85% of all Malayalam speakers in India spoke a second language and 19.64% of the total knew three or more languages. Malayalam was the most spoken language in erstwhile
4728:
2977:(snake boat) is the major item. Hence Vallam Kali is also known in English as Snake Boat Race and a major tourist attraction. Other types of boats which do participate in various events in the race are
3719:
2973:
is the race of country-made boats. It is mainly conducted during the season of the harvest festival Onam in Autumn. Vallam Kali include races of many kinds of traditional boats of Kerala. The race of
2006:(Madhava Panikkar, Sankara Panikkar and Rama Panikkar), whose works mark the dawn of both modern Malayalam language and indigenous Keralite poetry. Some linguists claim that an inscription found from
2930:
are folklore Muslim devotional songs in the Malayalam language. Mappila songs are composed in colloquial Malayalam and are sung in a distinctive tune. They are composed in a mixture of Malayalam and
2918:
of Kerala are closely connected to the serpent worship. One group among these people consider the snake gods as their presiding deity and performs certain sacrifices and sing songs. This is called
1859:
are estimated to be 229,800 in the year 2020 whereas the population of the Malayalee expatriates is approximately 2,000. They make up around 10 percent of the total number of Indians in Malaysia.
4074:
4290:
6448:
4993:
3744:
3896:
1889:, with their capital at Vanchi. The dynasty lent the region its name, uniting the entire coast under their suzerainty. The fall of the Cheras in the 15th century CE at the hands of the
2783: – have gained considerable mass appeal in recent years. Indeed, contemporary artists often use such modes to mock socioeconomic elites. Since 1930 when the first Malayalam film
2426:
which has in the recent years (post-Indian independence) ceased to exist. Christians, majority of the Muslims, and some Hindu castes such as the Namboothiris and some Ezhavas follow
3922:
3281:
is a pancake made of fermented batter. The batter is made of rice flour and fermented using either yeast or toddy, the local spirit. It is fried using a special frying pan called
3135:
Malayali cuisine is not homogeneous and regional variations are visible throughout. Spices form an important ingredient in almost all curries. Kerala is known for its traditional
6315:
4139:
3237:
is a culinary specialty in Kerala. It is a steamed rice cake which is a favorite breakfast of most Malayalis. It is served with either brown chickpeas cooked in a spicy gravy,
2922:. The song conducted by the pulluvar in serpent temples and snake groves is called Sarppapaattu, Naagam Paattu, Sarpam Thullal, Sarppolsavam, Paambum Thullal or Paambum Kalam.
6388:
4188:
2697:. Sarpam Thullal is usually performed in the courtyard of houses having snake shrines. This is a votive offering for family wealth and happiness. Kerala Natanam (കേരള നടനം) (
5443:
4887:
2686:
is performed as an offering to gods so as to get rid of poverty and illness. Velakali is another ritualistic art form, mainly performed at temples in the festival time.
6289:
4022:
3870:
3576:
4910:
5135:
3604:
2014:, which belongs to 3rd century CE (approximately 1,800 years old), is the oldest available inscription in Malayalam, as they contain two modern Malayalam words,
4555:
3048:
Thousands of people gather on the banks of the river Pamba to watch the snake boat races. Nearly 50 snake boats or chundan vallams participate in the festival.
4720:
6196:
3715:
3609:
The Indian Express. (This is the number of approximate emigrants from Kerala, which is closely related to, but different from the actual number of Malayalis.)
2748:. It combines both devotion and entertainment, and was performed by men in groups. Since 1980's women also have found groups. The dancers themselves sing the
2738:
is a popular form of social entertainment among the Muslim community. It is a form accompanied by clapping of hands, in which both men and women participate.
7333:
6346:
2732:
is a performing art form prevalent among the Muslim community. It is a group performance, staged as a social event during festivals and nuptial ceremonies.
3335:(a type of rice pancake) and ghee rice are some of the other specialties. The characteristic use of spices is the hallmark of Mappila cuisine. spices like
5049:
3978:
6474:
5792:(Malayalam ed.). Kozhikode: P. V. Chandran, Managing Editor, Mathrubhumi Printing & Publishing Company Limited, Kozhikode. 2018. p. 454.
4700:(Malayalam ed.). Kozhikode: P. V. Chandran, Managing Editor, Mathrubhumi Printing & Publishing Company Limited, Kozhikode. 2018. p. 453.
3918:
5943:
6042:
5014:
Freeman, Rich (2003). "Genre and Society: The Literary Culture of Premodern Kerala". In Literary Cultures in History: Reconstructions from South Asia
4533:
4389:
Mohammad, K.M. "Arab relations with Malabar Coast from 9th to 16th centuries" Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. Vol. 60 (1999), pp. 226–34.
4789:
4470:
3465:, a Portuguese explorer. The southern style, which stresses the importance of hand-to-hand combat, is slightly different than Kalari in the north.
1912:
in 150 AD. For that reason, a highly distinct culture was created among the Malayali due to centuries of contact with foreign cultures through the
1440:
which lie contiguous to Kerala in the southwestern coast of India, in addition to the modern state of Kerala. The people of Malabar were known as
4767:
1713:
are also Malayalis. As of 2011 India census, Mahé district of Union Territory of Puducherry had a population of 41,816, predominantly Malayalis.
6440:
4214:
5742:
5529:
4985:
3751:
2948:, forms the most important canon of popular music in India. Film music of Kerala in particular is the most popular form of music in the state.
5656:
3892:
6771:
5106:
4173:
Chandra Mallampalli, Christians and Public Life in Colonial South India, 1863–1937: Contending with Marginality, RoutledgeCurzon, 2004, p. 30
3838:"Knowledge of languages by age and gender: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts"
2143:-based poet also influenced a lot in the growth of modern Malayalam literature in its pre-mature form, through a new literary branch called
7320:
1893:
proved to be the catalyst of a distinct Malayali identity, wading away from the Tamil cultural sphere of influence over several millennia.
6414:
5600:
5174:
4104:
6581:(Malayalam ed.). Kozhikode: P. V. Chandran, Managing Editor, Mathrubhumi Printing & Publishing Company Limited, Kozhikode. 2018.
6119:
5970:
5371:
5084:
3944:
6080:
5884:
5410:
4936:
6709:
6307:
5767:
5578:
5492:
5332:
4129:
3645:
6003:
1990:
spoken on the Malabar coast, and largely arose because of its geographical isolation from the rest of the Tamil speaking areas. The
7447:
7427:
6499:
6380:
5917:
4185:
5160:
The Indian Encyclopaedia: Biographical, Historical, Religious, Administrative, Ethnological, Commercial and Scientific. Mahi-Mewat
6636:
4503:
2457:
the building in the open garden plot was again necessitated by the requirement of wind for giving comfort in the humid climate.
5553:"Sea, Community and Language: A Study on the Origin and Development of Arabi- Malayalam Language of Mappila Muslims of Malabar"
5467:"Sea, community and language: a study on the origin and development of Arabi- Malayalam language of mappila muslims of Malabar"
4879:
3667:
132:
7118:
5793:
5679:
5033:
4761:
4701:
4643:
4424:
4302:
4019:
2165:
7044:
5269:
5230:
5202:
4856:
4828:
3862:
3428:. This type of martial arts was used as a defensive mechanism against intruders. In ancient times, disputes between nobles (
3569:
3065:, a city in Kerala. This boat race is one of the most popular Vallam Kali in Kerala. This festival is conducted to promote
2791:
had grown to become one of the popular means of expression for both works of fiction and social issues, and it remains so.
5131:
3784:
7397:
6506:
5631:
Pg 167, Mappila Muslims: a study on society and anti colonial struggles By Husain Raṇdathaṇi, Other Books, Kozhikode 2007
2768:
is a theatrical art form observed mainly by Kerala Latin Christians, dating back to the second half of the 16th century.
1319:
1174:
2758:
is another performing art which is popular among Nasranis. This is an artistic adaptation of the martial art of Kerala,
1398:
aged 18 to 30 are known to be either the third, fourth, or fifth generation living as a Malaysian citizen. According to
5404:
5365:
5326:
5263:
5168:
4444:
2709:(ഗുരു ഗോപിനാഥ്) a well-trained Kathakali artist and his wife Thankamani Gopinath developed this unique form of dance.
2690:
is a folk art in which dance performers move in a circle, striking small sticks and keeping rhythm with special steps.
2026:. Although this has been disputed by scholars who regard it as a regional dialect of Old Tamil. The use of the pronoun
5753:
Menon. T. Madhava. "A Handbook of Kerala, Volume 2", International School of Dravidian Linguistics, 2002. pp. 491-493.
2854:. It is sung, typically employing plain notes, to the accompaniment of the small, hourglass-shaped ethnic drum called
6776:
6600:
6568:
6244:
6190:
6155:
6113:
6074:
6036:
5878:
5433:
5078:
4668:
4588:
4562:
4245:
1900:, which for thousands of years has been a major center of the international spice trade, operating at least from the
5684:. Kulliyyah Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia. Archived from
4048:
2903:
are Malayali musicians. Also among the younger generations with wide acclaim and promise is Child Prodigy Violinist
2480:, was built with a traditional Malayali architecture style with a slight influence of early modern European elements
6814:
6263:
6180:
2151:, began following the latter half of 18th century CE. The first travelogue in any Indian language is the Malayalam
1804:. In 2010, the Census of Population of Singapore reported that there were 26,348 Malayalees in Singapore. The 2006
1685:
accounting for 21.2% and 15.4% respectively according to 1951 census report. 25.57% of the total population in the
17:
5812:
3243:
and boiled small green lentils, or tiny ripe yellow Kerala plantains. In the highlands there is also a variety of
1322:
of India. Over the course of the later half of the 20th century, significant Malayali communities have emerged in
7551:
7541:
6338:
5947:
3693:
2430:, a patrilineal system. Kerala's gender relations are among the most equitable in India and the Majority World.
6870:
6519:
5733:
Miller, Roland. E., "Mappila" in "The Encyclopedia of Islam". Volume VI. E. J. Brill, Leiden. 1987. pp. 458-56.
5712:
5053:
4526:"Detailed Languages Spoken at Home and Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over: 2009-2013"
3479:
2073:
887:
2914:
as well. The king of Travancore, Swathi Thirunal patronaged and contributed much to the Hindustani Music. The
2644:. Mohiniyattam is a very sensual and graceful dance form that is performed both solo and in a group by women.
7457:
7407:
6819:
6791:
2230:
7402:
6471:
4439:
See Sahyadri Kanda Chapter 7 in Skanda Purana. Rocher, Ludo (1986). The Puranas. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag.
3970:
2197:
deals with social, political, and economic life context. The tendency of the modern poetry is often towards
3014:
1247:
729:
6026:
4525:
4346:
1931:
community, in particular, were very significant in shaping modern-day Malayali culture. Later, Portuguese
7340:
6786:
6781:
6763:
6629:
4270: – go to the website and click the link – language & literature to retrieve the information
3499:
3436:) were also settled by the outcome of a Kalaripayattu tournament. This ancient martial art is claimed as
2806:
can be established just by the fact that in Malayalam language, musical poetry was developed long before
2218:
2108:
2043:
5117:
4796:
1386:
in year 2020 is approximately 348,000, which makes up 12.5% of the total number of Indian population in
7546:
7536:
7496:
6842:
6592:
4261:
2721:
2381:(clan deity) revered by those in the particular Tharavadu. Temples were built to honour these deities.
2373:
system practiced in the state. Each Tharavadu has a unique name. The Tharavadu was administered by the
2177:
2158:
1785:
1402:, Malayalam was the name of the place, before it became the name of the language spoken by the people.
4751:
4097:"Welcome to Nionkairali.com - Indian Malayalees in Japan- Japan malayalees, Malayali, Keralite, Tokyo"
6935:
6920:
6900:
5840:
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2038:
ending are archaisms from Proto-Dravidian rather than unique innovations of Malayalam. The origin of
1741:
1251:
897:
705:
4414:
2701:
Dance) is a new style of dance that is now recognized as a distinct classical art form evolved from
2526:(sixteen halls with four central courtyards) are the more elaborate forms of the same architecture.
7531:
6895:
6837:
4096:
3837:
3313:
food culture. This confluence of culinary cultures is best seen in the preparation of most dishes.
2826:, and later inside temples. Sopanam came to prominence in the wake of the increasing popularity of
2384:
Kerala's society is less patriarchal than the rest of India. Certain Hindu communities such as the
2173:
2120:
1323:
1314:, mainly in Kanyakumari district and Nilgiri district and Dakshina Kannada and Kodagu districts of
1116:
892:
708:
3805:
7526:
7004:
6547:
4968:
3489:
3058:
2745:
2717:
2250:
1921:
1167:
916:
4186:
http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/data_on_language.html
7093:
6955:
6622:
6410:
5610:
5158:
3948:
3002:
2964:
2956:
2637:
2439:
2288:
2112:
1909:
1543:
1275:
859:
849:
820:
724:
6103:
5966:
5355:
5068:
4612:
Statistics New Zealand:Language spoken (total responses) for the 1996–2006 censuses (Table 16)
3287:
and is served with egg curry, chicken curry, mutton stew, vegetable curry and chickpea curry.
2875:(semi-Brahmin) castes engaged to do it as their hereditary profession. Kerala is also home of
1947:, which arrived after 1498 left their mark through colonialism and pillaging their resources.
1350:
and to a lesser extent, other developed nations with a primarily immigrant background such as
6847:
6809:
6804:
6684:
6064:
5868:
5763:
5394:
3049:
3045:. The President's Trophy Boat Race is a popular event conducted in Ashtamudi Lake in Kollam.
2883:, Shadkala Govinda Maarar, Sangitha Vidwan Gopala Pillai Bhagavathar, Chertala Gopalan Nair,
2773:
2333:
1475:
1459:
1399:
1299:
1215:
1131:
830:
825:
38:
6145:
5552:
5517:
Poetics of Piety Devoting and Self Fashioning in the Mappila Literary Culture of South India
5466:
5316:
4331:
2104:, the second-most for any Dravidian language and the third-highest for any Indian language.
64:
7452:
7437:
7315:
7108:
6925:
6759:
3529:
3519:
3504:
3484:
2795:
2682:
and to have developed from folk dances performed in conjunction with harvest celebrations.
2222:
2198:
2194:
2153:
2148:
2128:
2097:
1999:
1966:
1848:
has the highest population of Malayalis in a metropolitan area outside Kerala, followed by
1808:
census reported 2,139 speakers. 134 Malayalam speaking households were reported in 1956 in
1797:
1710:
1619:
1437:
1327:
854:
154:
7367:
3642:
2233:, had made valuable contributions to the modern Malayalam literature. Later, writers like
8:
7345:
7059:
6976:
6963:
6890:
6862:
6799:
6744:
6674:
6496:
5995:
5965:
Sciences, International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological (18 December 1980).
4944:
2892:
2531:
2405:
2260:
1780:. As of 2009–2013, there were approximately 146,000 people with Malayali heritage in the
1610:
temple. Hence the term Keralar seem to precede the usage of the word Malayala/Malayalam.
1551:
1487:
1212:
1045:
882:
765:
370:
5921:
5709:"Trade and culture: Indian ocean interaction on the coast of Malabar in medieval period"
2818:. Sopanam is religious in nature, and developed through singing invocatory songs at the
7372:
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6852:
6739:
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6694:
6679:
6218:
5438:
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3089:
3030:
3022:
3010:
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2712:
Performing arts in Kerala is not limited to a single religion of the Malayali society.
2417:
2272:
2039:
1447:
1425:
1395:
1383:
1283:
1196:
1160:
1121:
760:
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7098:
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6885:
6749:
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6186:
6151:
6109:
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6032:
5996:"Classical Dances of India - Indian Classical Dances, Indian Dances, Dances of India"
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5111:
5074:
5029:
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4594:
4584:
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4420:
4298:
4241:
3777:"In the Australia, 18% of people spoke a language other than English at home in 2011"
3445:
3119:
3066:
3061:
is a boat race festival celebrated in the last week of December in the backwaters of
2904:
2847:
2827:
2803:
2543:
2328:
2276:
2060:
1991:
1876:
1670:
1599:
1255:
1136:
1126:
995:
864:
683:
2563:
7174:
7034:
6734:
5648:
5560:
5521:
5474:
5201:. E.G. Smith for the U.S. Library of Congress Office, New Delhi. 1994. p. 21.
3663:
3524:
3514:
3025:) of the Malayalam month Midhunam, the day of the installation of the deity at the
2941:
2911:
2884:
2788:
2764:
2754:
2214:
2210:
2111:" in 2013, it developed into the current form mainly by the influence of the poets
1980:
1932:
1801:
1559:
1287:
1263:
1051:
780:
770:
6182:
The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: South Asia : the Indian subcontinent
5685:
2303:
features - which was developed during the early medieval period and used to write
2205:
have contributed much to Malayalam drama. In the second half of the 20th century,
1940:
1677:
which accounts for 48.8% population and it was the second most spoken language in
7266:
7251:
7241:
6719:
6648:
6604:
6558:
6503:
6478:
5291:
5253:
5224:
5196:
4850:
4822:
4618:
4495:
4376:
4192:
3649:
3302:
2931:
2665:
2589:
2422:
2304:
2284:
2256:
2136:
2084:
1986:
According to scholars, the Malayalam language is descended from a dialect of the
1862:
1796:
reported 7,070 people who listed Malayalam as their mother tongue, mostly in the
1793:
1702:
1698:
1686:
1291:
1111:
805:
790:
785:
775:
755:
31:
4929:
2693:
Many ancient Malayali family houses in Kerala have special snake shrines called
1624:
Malayalam is a language spoken by the native people of southwestern India (from
7289:
7256:
7113:
7103:
7088:
6996:
6875:
4419:. Servants of Knowledge. Superintendent, Government Press (Madras). p. 1.
3807:"India-born Malayalam-speaking community in Australia: Some interesting trends"
3509:
3462:
3306:
3006:
2974:
2945:
2876:
2784:
2713:
2473:
2367:
2359:
2307:
until the early 20th century CE. Though the script originated and developed in
2226:
2132:
2101:
1987:
1717:
1607:
1507:
1363:
1010:
800:
795:
334:
3776:
1881:
During the ancient period, the people of present-day Kerala were ruled by the
1390:
that makes them the second biggest Indian ethnic group in Malaysia, after the
936:
123:
84:
7520:
6945:
6905:
6689:
6669:
6664:
6552:. Thiruvananthapuram: Department of Information and Public Relations, Kerala.
6179:
Robert C.; Tokumaru, Yoshihiko; Witzleben, John Lawrence (18 December 1998).
5574:
5488:
4973:. Thiruvananthapuram: Department of Information and Public Relations, Kerala.
4678:
4661:
From Kerala to Singapore : voices from the Singapore Malayalee community
4598:
4581:
From Kerala to Singapore : Voices from the Singapore Malayalee community
4044:
3453:
3425:
3419:
2923:
2900:
2896:
2880:
2759:
2706:
2567:
2296:
2280:
2268:
2246:
2234:
2093:
2065:
2047:
2007:
2003:
1936:
1897:
1890:
1882:
1781:
1761:
1666:
1594:
1571:
1514:
mention Malabar ports in their works. The Arab writers had called this place
1420:
1359:
1282:. Before that, the Malabar District was under various kingdoms including the
1271:
1231:
1092:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1025:
1015:
1000:
815:
810:
750:
745:
244:
70:
3229:
is an essential ingredient in most of the food items and is liberally used.
7510:
7485:
7387:
7294:
7164:
7154:
7049:
7009:
6930:
6915:
4124:
4122:
4071:"Väestö 31.12. Muuttujina Maakunta, Kieli, Ikä, Sukupuoli, Vuosi ja Tiedot"
3336:
3141:, a vegetarian meal served with boiled rice and a host of side-dishes. The
3062:
3026:
2831:
2670:
2657:
2625:
2586:
2557:
2370:
1944:
1813:
1682:
1511:
1482:, which clearly gave its name to Malabar ('the country of Male'). The name
1410:
Malayalam, the native language of Malayalis, has its origin from the words
1335:
1267:
1141:
1087:
1082:
1057:
1005:
941:
615:
208:
3017:
is the oldest and most popular Vallam Kali in Kerala. The race is held on
7462:
7210:
7205:
7149:
7123:
7019:
6724:
6704:
6597:
5867:
Osella, Filippo; Caroline, Filippo; Osella, Caroline (20 December 2000).
3383:
3018:
2970:
2648:
is a traditional performing art form from Kerala, which is recognised by
2300:
2259:(also called Mappila Malayalam and Moplah Malayalam) was the traditional
2242:
2185:
1917:
1913:
1805:
1773:
1757:
1653:
1649:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1379:
1371:
1295:
1279:
1239:
1223:
1035:
965:
605:
460:
388:
126:
6267:
5565:
5525:
5479:
4119:
3410:
2674:(another performing art), which was open only for higher castes to see.
7278:
7159:
6981:
5652:
3159:
is, as per custom, served on a banana leaf. Traditional dishes include
2960:
2937:
2872:
2835:
2799:
2741:
2725:
2645:
2477:
2468:
2051:
1753:
1737:
1693:
are Malayalis, in which Malayalis form the largest linguistic group in
1674:
1641:
1311:
1259:
976:
42:
5797:
4705:
2860:, besides the chengila or the handy metallic gong to sound the beats.
7442:
7231:
7215:
7139:
6829:
5845:
5817:
5605:
5515:
4134:
3256:
3107:
3103:
2702:
2621:
2547:
2515:
2502:
2498:
2490:
2449:
2316:
2238:
2181:
2089:
2078:
2023:
1995:
1960:
1901:
1886:
1849:
1789:
1769:
1749:
1733:
1729:
1720:
attracted many Malayalis. Large numbers of Malayalis have settled in
1690:
1678:
1645:
1625:
1495:
1470:. The first element of the name, however, is attested already in the
1433:
1367:
1355:
1315:
1243:
971:
657:
565:
478:
352:
298:
5708:
5642:
4365:, Madras District Gazetteers (Madras: Government Press, 1915), p. 2.
3769:
3689:
2678:
is a ritualistic art form of Malayalis, which is thought to predate
2444:
2002:
is ancient in origin, and includes such figures as the 14th century
6971:
6910:
5764:"National Virtual Translation Center - Arabic script for malayalam"
3474:
3375:
3340:
3034:
2915:
2868:
2679:
2346:
2312:
2206:
2140:
1856:
1694:
1579:
1442:
1387:
1351:
1303:
1020:
946:
931:
921:
586:
406:
226:
1378:. As of 2013, there were an estimated 1.6 million ethnic Malayali
7467:
7422:
7299:
7284:
7169:
7144:
7039:
7029:
6609:
5990:
5988:
3391:
3371:
3363:
3348:
3331:
3294:
3226:
3054:
3038:
2815:
2776:
2687:
2683:
2675:
2609:
2409:
2401:
2393:
2292:
2264:
2011:
1925:
1905:
1845:
1817:
1721:
1706:
1331:
1205:
926:
532:
514:
424:
280:
6614:
6497:
A South Indian Martial Art and the Yoga and Ayurvedic Paradigms.
5520:(PhD). The English and Foreign Languages University, Hyderabad.
5067:
Natarajan, Nalini; Nelson, Emmanuel Sampath (18 December 1996).
1971:
692:
7432:
7274:
7200:
7014:
6645:
6610:
Sarva Malayalee Association France - Occitanie (SAMA Occitanie)
5396:
Clearing a Space: Reflections On India, Literature, and Culture
5314:
3457:
3441:
3359:
3298:
3077:
3042:
2864:
2856:
2851:
2842:(music), as the very name suggests, is sung by the side of the
2811:
2780:
2735:
2698:
2649:
2553:
2397:
2389:
2363:
2320:
2308:
2189:
2116:
2055:
1928:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1777:
1765:
1745:
1661:
dialect and 31,329 spoke non-standard regional variations like
1563:
1391:
1375:
1347:
1235:
1219:
1062:
1040:
1030:
667:
496:
442:
316:
190:
117:
30:
This article is about the ethnic group. For the 2009 film, see
6308:"Kerala's Favourite Breakfast: How to Make Soft Puttu at Home"
5985:
4467:"South Kanara, The Nilgiris, Malabar and Coimbators Districts"
2798:, which is believed to have started developing by 9th century
2604:. The art forms of Malayalis are classified into three types:
2180:) are recognized for moving Keralite poetry away from archaic
1274:. The Malabar District was annexed by the British through the
611:
597:
7382:
7190:
6991:
6699:
5870:
Social Mobility in Kerala: Modernity and Identity in Conflict
4911:"Celebrated Malayalam poet Akkitham wins 2019 Jnanpith Award"
3945:"2018 Census Totals by Topic – National Highlights (Updated)"
3367:
3344:
3318:
3290:
3276:
3129:
3124:
3099:
2819:
2807:
2413:
2385:
2124:
2046:
of 849/850 CE is the available oldest inscription written in
1825:
1725:
1463:
1343:
1227:
601:
550:
172:
108:
6069:. Icon Group International, Incorporated. 19 December 2008.
5681:
Islam in Malabar (1460-1600) : a socio-cultural study /
5251:
4265:
4213:. South Korea: Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. 2015.
4164:. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2011. Web. 11 November 2011.
1705:
according to the 2011 census, which is native to Kodagu and
1606:(The Ruby King of Kerala), synonymous with the deity of the
7195:
5756:
5601:"Mappila songs cultural fountains of a bygone age, says MT"
5189:
3310:
3095:
3081:
2823:
2493:
is a quadrangular building constructed after following the
2042:
dates back to year 825 CE. It is generally agreed that the
1821:
1809:
1454:
was used as a general name for Kerala, along with the term
1339:
262:
5353:
3836:
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (17 August 2022).
3745:"The People of Australia: Statistics from the 2011 Census"
1812:. There is also a considerable Malayali population in the
1418:
meaning "land" or "locality". Kerala was usually known as
6512:
5284:
4855:. Vidyarthi Mithram Press & Book Depot. p. 408.
2420:
used to follow a traditional matrilineal system known as
1829:
1613:
4583:. Puva Arumugam. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Pte Ltd.
2654:
Masterpieces of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
6545:
4966:
4210:재외동포현황 총계(2015)/Total number of overseas Koreans (2015)
3282:
3274:
3266:
3260:
3250:
3244:
3238:
3232:
3220:
3214:
3208:
3202:
3196:
3190:
3184:
3178:
3172:
3166:
3160:
3154:
3148:
3142:
3136:
2027:
6177:
5912:
5910:
5908:
5906:
5904:
5902:
5644:
The rise and growth of Ponnani from 1498 AD To 1792 AD
4721:"Historians contest antiquity of Edakkal inscriptions"
2660:
is another performing art, which is also known as the
1250:. The state of Kerala was created in 1956 through the
7494:
6173:
6171:
6169:
6167:
5960:
5958:
4466:
3716:"SBS Census Explorer: How diverse is your community?"
3424:
Malayalis have their own form of martial arts called
2135:), in the 15th and the 16th centuries of Common Era.
2076:. The earliest known literary works in Malayalam are
582:
5866:
5217:
3835:
2295:
script, is a writing system - a variant form of the
6556:
6532:
Phillip B. Zarrilli, When the Body Becomes All Eyes
5899:
5434:"Indian's First Novel Wins Booker Prize in Britain"
4795:. Indian Journal History of Science. Archived from
4332:"Madras District Manuals - South Canara (Volume-I)"
3893:"Singapore Malayalee Association 100th Anniversary"
3094:Malayalis celebrate a variety of festivals, namely
2907:etc., who are looked upon as maestros of tomorrow.
2787:was released and over the following decade or two,
2366:, which usually served as the common house for the
2033:
1896:The Malayalis live in a historic area known as the
6164:
5955:
5308:
5070:Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India
4937:"Cherussery (Krishnagadha) malayalam author books"
4820:
4380:(New Delhi: Northern Book Centre, 2003), xvi–xvii.
2596:Malayalis use two words to denote dance, which is
2326:The modern Malayalam grammar is based on the book
1784:, with an estimated 40,000 living in the New York
7334:Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (1989–present)
6144:India, Motilal (UK) Books of (18 February 2008).
6066:Reciting: Webster's Quotations, Facts and Phrases
5557:Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
5471:Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
5255:Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: K to Navalram
5229:. Nirmala Sadanand Publishers. 1967. p. 21.
5028:(1st DCB ed.). Kottayam, Kerala: D C Books.
4297:(2007 ed.). Kottayam: DC Books. p. 27.
3640:Zachariah, K. C. & Rajan, S. Irudaya (2011),
1502:) is the first known writer to call this country
7518:
6472:Kalari Payatte – The martial art of Kerala.
5245:
4663:. Puva Arumugam. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish.
1994:can be considered as the ancient predecessor of
1242:. They are predominantly native speakers of the
5609:. Chennai, India. 31 March 2007. Archived from
5360:. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 126.
5066:
4288:
4154:
2744:is a performing art which is popular among the
7329:Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (1926–1989)
5392:
5347:
4983:
3461:Kalaripayattu is a 16th-century travelogue of
3370:), pazham nirachathu (ripe banana filled with
2054:, the literature mainly consisted of the oral
1234:. They form the majority of the population in
6630:
6491:
6489:
6487:
5838:
5550:
5464:
5386:
5156:
4848:
4556:"Keralite Indians in the New York Metro Area"
4403:Malabar Manual (1887), William Logan, Calicut
4344:
4181:
4179:
3153:, a sweet milk dessert native to Kerala. The
2522:(eight halls with two central courtyards) or
1788:area. There were 7,093 Malayalam speakers in
1254:. Prior to that, since the 1800s existed the
1168:
6224:. Kottayam, Kerala: D.C. Books. p. 494.
6139:
6137:
5551:Kottaparamban, Musadhique (2 October 2019).
5465:Kottaparamban, Musadhique (1 October 2019).
4749:
4718:
3999:
2863:Sopanam is traditionally sung by men of the
2724:have their own unique performing art forms.
2538:
1756:. Many Malayalis have also emigrated to the
1697:Taluk. Around one-third of the Malayalis in
6441:"Flavours unlimited from the Malabar coast"
6217:
4490:
4488:
4377:Agrarian Relations in Late Medieval Malabar
4329:
3599:
3597:
3414:Common weapons used as part of Kalaripayatt
2640:forms from Kerala. Kathakali is actually a
1979:(Meaning: Malayalam script) written in the
6637:
6623:
6484:
5315:Eṃ Mukundan; C. Gopinathan Pillai (2004).
5296:. Kerala Sahitya Akademi. 1993. p. 19
4824:Time measurement and calendar construction
4383:
4284:
4282:
4280:
4278:
4276:
4176:
4138:. Thiruvananthapuram, India. 24 May 2013.
3562:
2910:Kerala also has a significant presence of
1954:
1598:mentions the ecclesiastical office of the
1570:(country/continent). Hence the natives of
1218:originating from the present-day state of
1175:
1161:
63:
6290:"Onam Sadhya: 13 Dishes You Need To Try!"
6258:
6256:
6134:
5936:
5564:
5478:
5357:Perspectives On Indian English Literature
4878:Naha, Abdul Latheef (24 September 2020).
4002:"Learning German made easy for Keralites"
3783:. Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS).
3259:) and sweet boiled bananas. to steam the
3005:is one of the famous Vallam Kali held in
2616:, like Sanghakali and Krishnanattom; and
2489:Nalukettu was a housing style in Kerala.
2253:, have gained international recognition.
1478:. This mentions a pepper emporium called
7448:List of tourist attractions in Kozhikode
6434:
6432:
6378:
6237:Ritual Music and Hindu Rituals of Kerala
6024:
5964:
5677:
5150:
4692:
4690:
4688:
4638:. Pearson Education India. p. 107.
4485:
4399:
4397:
4395:
4000:Muringatheri, Mini (22 September 2023).
3636:
3634:
3632:
3630:
3594:
3409:
3329:means meat), parottas (soft flatbread),
3123:
3076:
2955:
2573:
2562:
2552:
2542:
2467:
2443:
1970:
1861:
1584:in the foreign trade circles. The words
6549:A Short History of Malayalam Literature
6337:Upadhye, Aishwarya (16 November 2018).
6336:
5640:
5252:Amaresh Datta; Sahitya Akademi (1987).
4970:A Short History of Malayalam Literature
4719:Sasibhooshan, Gayathri (12 July 2012).
4273:
4160:"Travancore." Encyclopædia Britannica.
2529:An example of a Nalukettu structure is
2279:have made notable contributions to the
2147:. The prose literature, criticism, and
1428:in the medieval era. Earlier, the term
1382:worldwide. The estimated population of
14:
7519:
6438:
6374:
6372:
6370:
6368:
6366:
6364:
6253:
6025:Varghese, Theresa (18 December 2006).
5810:
5727:
5138:from the original on 10 September 2014
4962:
4960:
4958:
4956:
4954:
4658:
4633:
4578:
4142:from the original on 27 September 2013
3739:
3737:
3265:, there is a special utensil called a
1870:
1669:(now Gudalur and Panthalur taluks) of
1652:. The number of Malayalam speakers in
1614:Geographic distribution and population
7321:Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam
6618:
6451:from the original on 20 November 2021
6429:
6391:from the original on 20 November 2021
6379:Sabhnani, Dhara Vora (14 June 2019).
6143:
6101:
5446:from the original on 21 November 2021
5431:
5023:
4996:from the original on 21 November 2021
4917:from the original on 21 November 2021
4890:from the original on 22 November 2021
4685:
4412:
4392:
4311:from the original on 13 November 2021
4235:
4207:
4201:
3817:from the original on 26 December 2018
3787:from the original on 26 December 2018
3670:from the original on 13 November 2021
3627:
3615:from the original on 26 December 2018
3351:, is also prepared by the community.
1195:
6234:
5770:from the original on 17 January 2009
5641:Kunnath, Ammad (15 September 2015).
5513:
4877:
4731:from the original on 6 December 2020
4506:from the original on 1 November 2021
4289:Sreedhara Menon, A. (January 2007).
3981:from the original on 2 February 2021
3863:"Survey finds only 16.25 lakh NoRKs"
3362:paste covering a mixture of cashew,
3021:on the moolam day (according to the
2311:, today it is predominantly used in
1709:. Around one-third of population in
95:Regions with significant populations
6417:from the original on 24 August 2023
6361:
6349:from the original on 24 August 2023
6318:from the original on 24 August 2023
6199:from the original on 24 August 2023
6122:from the original on 24 August 2023
6083:from the original on 24 August 2023
6045:from the original on 24 August 2023
5973:from the original on 24 August 2023
5887:from the original on 24 August 2023
5839:Kunhikrishnan, K. (12 April 2003).
5782:
5659:from the original on 2 October 2022
5532:from the original on 24 August 2023
5413:from the original on 24 August 2023
5374:from the original on 24 August 2023
5354:Ed. Vinod Kumar Maheshwari (2002).
5335:from the original on 24 August 2023
5272:from the original on 24 August 2023
5233:from the original on 24 August 2023
5205:from the original on 24 August 2023
5177:from the original on 24 August 2023
5124:
5087:from the original on 24 August 2023
4951:
4908:
4859:from the original on 24 August 2023
4831:from the original on 24 August 2023
4473:from the original on 2 October 2022
4025:from the original on 24 August 2023
3899:from the original on 24 August 2023
3873:from the original on 24 August 2023
3734:
3582:from the original on 24 August 2023
3394:made of flour, like baked, layered
2802:. The significance of music in the
2794:Music formed a major part of early
2032:and the lack of the literary Tamil
1855:Besides, the Malayalee citizens in
1592:are synonymous to each other. The
24:
6593:Official site of Kerala Government
6539:
6411:"Kerala biryani (With vegetables)"
6294:outlookindia.com/outlooktraveller/
6102:Singh, Sarina (18 December 2005).
5811:Kakkat, Thulasi (18 August 2012).
5747:
5715:from the original on 15 April 2022
5706:
5581:from the original on 17 April 2022
5495:from the original on 17 April 2022
4984:Arun Narayanan (25 October 2018).
4605:
4536:from the original on 12 April 2020
4217:from the original on 23 April 2019
4130:"'Classical' status for Malayalam"
3925:from the original on 5 August 2020
3722:from the original on 27 March 2023
3696:from the original on 29 March 2023
3297:cuisine is a blend of traditional
2752:in unison call and response form.
1499:
25:
7563:
6644:
6586:
6381:"Straight from the Malabar Coast"
5258:. Sahitya Akademi. p. 2394.
4770:from the original on 29 July 2021
4750:Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju (2003).
4051:from the original on 14 June 2021
3971:"Where Malayalees once held sway"
3664:"Malayali, Malayalam in Malaysia"
2476:, the palace of the Maharajah of
7504:
7479:
7403:Places of Interest in Malappuram
6579:Mathrubhumi Yearbook Plus - 2019
6546:Dr. K. Ayyappa Panicker (2006).
6526:
6463:
6403:
6330:
6300:
6282:
6006:from the original on 26 May 2005
5790:Mathrubhumi Yearbook Plus - 2019
5432:Lyall, Sarah (15 October 1997).
4986:"The Charms of Poonthanam Illam"
4967:Dr. K. Ayyappa Panicker (2006).
4698:Mathrubhumi Yearbook Plus - 2019
4020:"With Kerala in their hearts..."
3605:"Kerala Migration Survey - 2014"
2664:, which was created by the poet
1550:comes from a combination of the
1396:Malayalee population in Malaysia
691:
610:
596:
581:
543:
525:
507:
489:
471:
453:
435:
417:
399:
381:
363:
345:
327:
309:
291:
273:
255:
237:
219:
201:
183:
165:
147:
140:Significant Malayali diaspora in
101:
7418:Tourist attractions of Palakkad
6843:2001 Kadalundi Train derailment
6507:University of Wisconsin–Madison
6228:
6211:
6095:
6057:
6018:
5860:
5832:
5804:
5736:
5700:
5671:
5634:
5625:
5593:
5544:
5507:
5458:
5425:
5099:
5060:
5042:
5017:
5008:
4977:
4902:
4871:
4842:
4814:
4782:
4743:
4712:
4652:
4627:
4572:
4548:
4518:
4459:
4450:
4433:
4406:
4368:
4355:
4338:
4323:
4254:
4229:
4167:
4107:from the original on 7 May 2021
4089:
4063:
4037:
4012:
3993:
3963:
3937:
3911:
3885:
3855:
3829:
3542:
3405:
3347:are used profusely. The Kerala
2433:
2209:winning poets and writers like
1466:sailors used to call Kerala as
6871:Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve
6108:. Lonely Planet Publications.
5969:. Concept Publishing Company.
5647:(PhD). University of Calicut.
5399:. Peter Lang. pp. 44–45.
5321:. Sahitya Akademi. p. 3.
5073:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
4756:. Cambridge University Press.
4351:. Travancore Government Press.
4045:"Vienna Malayalee Association"
3799:
3708:
3682:
3656:
3611:. No. 17 September 2014.
3480:Non Resident Keralites Affairs
3438:the mother of all martial arts
2951:
2585:Margamkali performed during a
2022:(Old), those are not found in
1152:Portal:Dravidian civilizations
888:History of Dravidian languages
114:
13:
1:
7458:Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram
7408:Tourist attractions in Kannur
6439:Kurian, Shijo (2 July 2014).
4363:Malabar and Anjengo, volume 1
4361:C. A. Innes and F. B. Evans,
4236:Varma, A.R. Rajaraja (2005).
3555:
3037:, near a temple dedicated to
2231:Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri
2050:. For the first 600 years of
1951:community outside of Kerala.
1462:(6th century CE) itself, the
1432:had also been used to denote
1230:, occupying its southwestern
6557:Menon, A. Sreedhara (2007).
5967:"The Communication of Ideas"
5707:Kallen, hussain Randathani.
5318:Eng Adityan Radha And Others
5024:Menon, A. Sreedhara (2008).
4880:"Jnanpith given to Akkitham"
4659:Pillai, Anitha Devi (2017).
4579:Pillai, Anitha Devi (2017).
4496:"Census of India - Language"
3643:Kerala Migration Survey 2011
3510:Garshom International Awards
3255:(the boiled-down syrup from
3072:
3015:Champakulam Moolam Boat Race
2484:
2362:of aristocratic families in
2340:
1486:is thought to come from the
1405:
1248:classical languages of India
730:Ancient history of Sri Lanka
7:
7341:Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen
6266:. Keral.com. Archived from
5198:Accessions List, South Asia
4821:Broughton Richmond (1956),
4348:The Travancore State Manual
3500:Migrant labourers in Kerala
3468:
3444:" can be traced to ancient
3283:
3275:
3267:
3261:
3251:
3245:
3239:
3233:
3221:
3219:(steamed rice powder), and
3215:
3209:
3203:
3197:
3191:
3185:
3179:
3173:
3167:
3161:
3155:
3149:
3143:
3137:
2991:Veppu Vallam (Vaipu Vallam)
2219:Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai
2109:Classical Language in India
2044:Quilon Syrian copper plates
2034:
2028:
1534:is reminiscent of the word
1446:. Until the arrival of the
1204:and sometimes known by the
10:
7568:
6560:A Survey of Kerala History
5952:-Malayalam Resource Centre
5050:"August 23, 2010 Archives"
4334:. Madras Government Press.
3417:
3117:
3113:
3087:
2437:
2344:
2283:, which is a genre of the
2178:Ulloor S. Parameswara Iyer
2159:Paremmakkal Thoma Kathanar
2100:has been presented with 6
1964:
1958:
1874:
1716:Just before independence,
1617:
36:
29:
7476:
7358:
7308:
7265:
7224:
7183:
7132:
7084:
7075:
7065:colleges and universities
6954:
6921:Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
6861:
6828:
6758:
6655:
6598:Malayalam Resource Centre
6520:"Discovery Latinoamérica"
6502:16 September 2008 at the
6239:. New Delhi: BR Rhythms.
6207:– via Google Books.
6160:– via Google Books.
6130:– via Google Books.
6091:– via Google Books.
6053:– via Google Books.
5981:– via Google Books.
5895:– via Google Books.
5743:Malayalam Resource Centre
5293:Malayalam Literary Survey
5107:"Contents of Bl. Chavara"
5095:– via Google Books.
4634:Vimala, Angelina (2007).
3813:. No. 16 July 2014.
3358:(deep-fried, boiled ripe
3029:Sree Krishna Temple. The
2846:(sopanam) leading to the
2539:Performing arts and music
2291:, otherwise known as the
2203:Kavalam Narayana Panicker
1326:countries, including the
1252:States Reorganisation Act
1246:language, one of the six
1222:& Union Territory of
898:Elamo-Dravidian languages
706:Indus Valley Civilisation
663:
653:
643:
633:
628:
576:
571:
564:
559:
541:
523:
505:
487:
469:
451:
433:
415:
397:
379:
361:
343:
325:
307:
289:
271:
253:
235:
217:
199:
181:
163:
145:
138:
99:
94:
82:
77:
62:
6896:Eravikulam National Park
6848:2016 Paravur temple fire
6185:. Taylor & Francis.
5678:Panakkal, Abbas (2016).
4909:ANI (29 November 2019).
4456:Who's Who in Madras 1934
3535:
2265:Mappila Muslim community
2174:Vallathol Narayana Menon
2121:Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan
1117:Tulu Nadu state movement
893:Proto-Dravidian language
709:Keezhadi excavation site
134:∟Rest of India 2,371,339
37:Not to be confused with
7005:Saint Thomas Christians
6815:United Democratic Front
6147:Tourist Guide to Kerala
5514:Kuzhiyan, Muneer Aram.
5393:Amit Chaudhuri (2008).
5163:. Cosmo. p. 4542.
4753:The Dravidian Languages
4413:Logan, William (1887).
4240:. Kottayam: D C Books.
4191:10 January 2012 at the
4162:Encyclopædia Britannica
3648:10 January 2020 at the
3490:Ethnic groups in Kerala
3084:pookkalam/floral carpet
3059:Indira Gandhi Boat Race
2814:is musically known for
2730:Dubh Muttu/Aravanamuttu
2251:Vaikom Muhammed Basheer
1955:Language and literature
1922:Saint Thomas Christians
1816:regions, especially in
1414:meaning "mountain" and
1112:Kannada language rights
917:Dravidian folk religion
7552:Ethnic groups in India
7542:Malayali organizations
7309:Organisations/Agencies
7133:Dance / Drama / Cinema
6916:Nelliampathi Mountains
6477:29 August 2009 at the
6469:Suresh, P. R. (2005).
6235:Rolf, Killius (2006).
5157:Subodh Kapoor (2002).
4849:R. Leela Devi (1986).
4416:Malabar Manual, Vol. 1
4345:V. Nagam Aiya (1906).
3949:Statistics New Zealand
3415:
3132:
3085:
3003:Nehru Trophy Boat Race
2967:
2965:Nehru Trophy Boat Race
2593:
2571:
2560:
2550:
2481:
2453:
2440:Architecture of Kerala
2289:Arabi Malayalam script
2113:Cherusseri Namboothiri
1983:
1867:
1866:Kerala Samajam, Mysore
1648:and 406,358 (1.2%) in
1602:who is referred to as
1384:Malayalees in Malaysia
860:Dravidian architecture
850:Dravidian civilization
725:History of South India
6810:Left Democratic Front
6745:Perumpadapu Swaroopam
6685:Chovvanur burial cave
6603:26 March 2023 at the
6495:Zarrilli, Phillip B.
5918:"Kerala architecture"
5813:"Kerala's Nalukettus"
5120:on 17 September 2014.
4913:. Business Standard.
3413:
3398:s with rich filling,
3127:
3080:
2959:
2774:politically incorrect
2668:as an alternative to
2652:and given the status
2584:
2566:
2556:
2546:
2471:
2447:
2334:A. R. Raja Raja Varma
1974:
1916:. The arrival of the
1865:
1681:and Puttur taluks of
1632:) and the islands of
1476:Cosmas Indicopleustes
1460:Cosmas Indicopleustes
1426:foreign trade circles
1400:A. R. Raja Raja Varma
1256:Kingdom of Travancore
1216:ethnolinguistic group
1132:Dravidian nationalism
39:Malays (ethnic group)
7453:Estuaries of Paravur
7438:Muzhappilangad Beach
7428:Tourism in Kasaragod
7316:Nair Service Society
6838:1988 Perumon tragedy
6787:Legislative Assembly
6705:Kingdom of Cannanore
5226:Indian Writing Today
5026:The legacy of Kerala
4941:keralaliterature.com
4617:9 March 2013 at the
4330:J. Sturrock (1894).
3895:. 27 December 2018.
3530:Malayali cartoonists
3520:Malayalam literature
3485:Kerala Gulf diaspora
2796:Malayalam literature
2705:. The Indian dancer
2662:poor man's Kathakali
2612:and Bhagavatipattu;
2223:M. T. Vasudevan Nair
2199:political radicalism
2195:Malayalam literature
2166:Triumvirate of poets
2154:Varthamanappusthakam
2149:Malayalam journalism
2129:Poonthanam Nambudiri
2098:Malayalam literature
2072:(Southern songs) in
2064:(Northern Songs) in
2000:Malayalam literature
1967:Malayalam literature
1924:, and the growth of
1910:his map of the world
1798:Greater Toronto Area
1711:Kanyakumari district
1644:, 557,705 (1.7%) in
1620:Kerala Gulf diaspora
1328:United Arab Emirates
855:South Indian culture
648:മലയാളികൾ Malayāḷikaḷ
155:United Arab Emirates
7346:Syro-Malabar Church
6800:Saptakakshi Munnani
6675:Ariyannur Umbrellas
6219:Sreedhara Menon, A.
6031:. Stark World Pub.
6000:dances.indobase.com
4268:on 18 January 2006.
3919:"Irish Census 2022"
3869:. 31 October 2013.
3842:www12.statcan.gc.ca
3505:Malayali Australian
3354:The snacks include
3147:is complemented by
3050:Payippad Jalotsavam
2893:M.S. Gopalakrishnan
2871:community, who are
2532:Mattancherry Palace
2201:. The writers like
2188:and towards a more
2074:Southern Travancore
1871:History and culture
1458:. From the time of
1284:Zamorins of Calicut
1197:[mɐlɐjaːɭi]
883:Dravidian languages
738:Dravidian dynasties
686:culture and history
678:Part of a series on
69:Malayali men doing
59:
7373:Athirappilly Falls
7247:Suriyani Malayalam
7237:Malayalam calendar
6881:Kavvayi Backwaters
6853:2018 Kerala floods
6740:Vaikom Satyagraham
6715:Battle of Kulachal
6695:Zamorin of Calicut
6680:Kudakkallu Parambu
6028:Stark World Kerala
5841:"Fallen tharavads"
5613:on 8 November 2012
5439:The New York Times
5132:"South Asian arts"
4636:History and Civics
4568:on 24 August 2023.
4500:censusindia.gov.in
3977:. 5 October 2005.
3811:The Times of India
3690:"FOKANA, About Us"
3495:Malaysian Malayali
3416:
3133:
3090:Malayalam calendar
3086:
3031:Aranmula Boat Race
3011:Alappuzha district
2995:Vadakkanody Vallam
2983:Iruttukuthy Vallam
2968:
2944:in the context of
2940:, which refers to
2889:T.V.Gopalakrishnan
2594:
2572:
2561:
2551:
2509:. The house has a
2482:
2454:
2418:Thiruvananthapuram
2354:, also spelled as
2273:Moyinkutty Vaidyar
2261:Dravidian language
2052:Malayalam calendar
2040:Malayalam calendar
1984:
1908:documenting it on
1868:
1792:in 2006. The 2001
1506:. Authors such as
1448:East India Company
1320:metropolitan areas
1318:and also in other
1122:Telugu Desam Party
629:മലയാളം (Malayalam)
53:
7547:Dravidian peoples
7537:Malayali diaspora
7492:
7491:
7413:Islands of Kollam
7393:Kerala Backwaters
7378:Beaches in Kerala
7354:
7353:
7119:Triumvirate poets
7025:Jainism in Kerala
6941:Sasthamcotta Lake
6750:Malabar Migration
6730:Anglo-Mysore Wars
6413:. 22 April 2013.
6222:Kerala Charithram
5566:10.33306/mjssh/31
5480:10.33306/mjssh/31
5112:Christ University
5056:on 27 April 2013.
5035:978-81-264-2157-2
4852:History of Kerala
4763:978-1-139-43533-8
4645:978-81-317-0336-6
4426:978-81-206-0446-9
4374:M. T. Narayanan,
4304:978-81-264-1588-5
3570:"Census of India"
3446:Sangam literature
3120:Cuisine of Kerala
2924:Mappila Paattukal
2905:L. Athira Krishna
2895:, L. Subramaniam
2848:sanctum sanctorum
2804:culture of Kerala
2718:Nasranis Mappilas
2582:
2329:Kerala Panineeyam
2277:Pulikkottil Hyder
2271:. The poets like
2061:Vadakkan Pattukal
1992:Sangam literature
1877:History of Kerala
1840:region mainly in
1671:Nilgiris district
1600:Thachudaya Kaimal
1540:the land of hills
1260:Kingdom of Cochin
1185:
1184:
1137:Dravidian parties
1127:Tamil nationalism
996:Dravidian peoples
865:Dravidian studies
673:
672:
624:
623:
88: 40 million
16:(Redirected from
7559:
7509:
7508:
7507:
7500:
7486:India portal
7484:
7483:
7482:
7175:Cinema of Kerala
7082:
7081:
7045:Scheduled Tribes
6735:Battle of Quilon
6639:
6632:
6625:
6616:
6615:
6582:
6574:
6553:
6533:
6530:
6524:
6523:
6516:
6510:
6493:
6482:
6467:
6461:
6460:
6458:
6456:
6436:
6427:
6426:
6424:
6422:
6407:
6401:
6400:
6398:
6396:
6376:
6359:
6358:
6356:
6354:
6339:"Appams anyone?"
6334:
6328:
6327:
6325:
6323:
6304:
6298:
6297:
6286:
6280:
6279:
6277:
6275:
6270:on 2 August 2008
6260:
6251:
6250:
6232:
6226:
6225:
6215:
6209:
6208:
6206:
6204:
6175:
6162:
6161:
6141:
6132:
6131:
6129:
6127:
6099:
6093:
6092:
6090:
6088:
6061:
6055:
6054:
6052:
6050:
6022:
6016:
6015:
6013:
6011:
5992:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5978:
5962:
5953:
5951:
5946:. Archived from
5940:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5929:
5920:. Archived from
5914:
5897:
5896:
5894:
5892:
5864:
5858:
5857:
5855:
5853:
5836:
5830:
5829:
5827:
5825:
5808:
5802:
5801:
5786:
5780:
5779:
5777:
5775:
5760:
5754:
5751:
5745:
5740:
5734:
5731:
5725:
5724:
5722:
5720:
5704:
5698:
5697:
5695:
5693:
5675:
5669:
5668:
5666:
5664:
5638:
5632:
5629:
5623:
5622:
5620:
5618:
5597:
5591:
5590:
5588:
5586:
5568:
5548:
5542:
5541:
5539:
5537:
5511:
5505:
5504:
5502:
5500:
5482:
5462:
5456:
5455:
5453:
5451:
5429:
5423:
5422:
5420:
5418:
5390:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5379:
5351:
5345:
5344:
5342:
5340:
5312:
5306:
5305:
5303:
5301:
5288:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5277:
5249:
5243:
5242:
5240:
5238:
5221:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5210:
5193:
5187:
5186:
5184:
5182:
5154:
5148:
5147:
5145:
5143:
5128:
5122:
5121:
5116:. Archived from
5103:
5097:
5096:
5094:
5092:
5064:
5058:
5057:
5052:. Archived from
5046:
5040:
5039:
5021:
5015:
5012:
5006:
5005:
5003:
5001:
4981:
4975:
4974:
4964:
4949:
4948:
4947:on 7 April 2019.
4943:. Archived from
4933:
4927:
4926:
4924:
4922:
4906:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4895:
4875:
4869:
4868:
4866:
4864:
4846:
4840:
4839:
4838:
4836:
4818:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4807:
4801:
4794:
4786:
4780:
4779:
4777:
4775:
4747:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4736:
4716:
4710:
4709:
4694:
4683:
4682:
4656:
4650:
4649:
4631:
4625:
4609:
4603:
4602:
4576:
4570:
4569:
4567:
4561:. Archived from
4560:
4552:
4546:
4545:
4543:
4541:
4522:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4511:
4492:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4478:
4463:
4457:
4454:
4448:
4437:
4431:
4430:
4410:
4404:
4401:
4390:
4387:
4381:
4372:
4366:
4359:
4353:
4352:
4342:
4336:
4335:
4327:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4316:
4293:Kerala Charitram
4286:
4271:
4269:
4264:. Archived from
4258:
4252:
4251:
4238:Keralapanineeyam
4233:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4222:
4205:
4199:
4183:
4174:
4171:
4165:
4158:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4147:
4126:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4112:
4101:nihonkairali.com
4093:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4082:
4073:. Archived from
4067:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4056:
4041:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4030:
4016:
4010:
4009:
3997:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3967:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3956:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3915:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3904:
3889:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3859:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3848:
3833:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3822:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3792:
3773:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3762:
3756:
3750:. Archived from
3749:
3741:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3727:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3701:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3660:
3654:
3638:
3625:
3624:
3622:
3620:
3601:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3581:
3574:
3566:
3549:
3546:
3525:Malayalam script
3286:
3280:
3270:
3264:
3257:sweet palm toddy
3254:
3248:
3242:
3236:
3224:
3218:
3212:
3206:
3200:
3194:
3188:
3182:
3176:
3170:
3164:
3158:
3152:
3146:
3140:
2942:playback singing
2912:Hindustani music
2885:M. D. Ramanathan
2789:Malayalam Cinema
2765:Chavittu nadakom
2755:Parichamuttukali
2750:margamkali songs
2746:Nasrani Mappilas
2728:, also known as
2722:Latin Christians
2583:
2287:literature. The
2215:S. K. Pottekkatt
2211:G. Sankara Kurup
2172:: Kumaran Asan,
2102:Jnanapith awards
2070:Thekkan Pattukal
2037:
2031:
1981:Malayalam script
1933:Latin Christians
1802:Southern Ontario
1604:Manikkam Keralar
1501:
1288:Kingdom of Tanur
1276:Third Mysore War
1264:Malabar District
1199:
1194:
1177:
1170:
1163:
695:
675:
674:
658:മലയാളം Malayāḷam
626:
625:
614:
600:
585:
549:
547:
546:
531:
529:
528:
513:
511:
510:
495:
493:
492:
477:
475:
474:
459:
457:
456:
441:
439:
438:
423:
421:
420:
405:
403:
402:
387:
385:
384:
369:
367:
366:
351:
349:
348:
333:
331:
330:
315:
313:
312:
297:
295:
294:
279:
277:
276:
261:
259:
258:
243:
241:
240:
225:
223:
222:
207:
205:
204:
189:
187:
186:
171:
169:
168:
153:
151:
150:
133:
124:
115:
107:
105:
104:
89:
78:Total population
67:
60:
52:
21:
18:Malayalam people
7567:
7566:
7562:
7561:
7560:
7558:
7557:
7556:
7532:Malayali people
7517:
7516:
7515:
7505:
7503:
7495:
7493:
7488:
7480:
7478:
7472:
7350:
7304:
7261:
7252:Judeo-Malayalam
7242:Arabi Malayalam
7220:
7179:
7128:
7071:
6962:
6958:
6950:
6936:Protected areas
6901:Flora and fauna
6857:
6824:
6777:Chief Ministers
6762:
6754:
6720:Arakkal kingdom
6700:Venad Swaroopam
6651:
6643:
6605:Wayback Machine
6589:
6577:
6571:
6542:
6540:Further reading
6537:
6536:
6531:
6527:
6518:
6517:
6513:
6504:Wayback Machine
6494:
6485:
6479:Wayback Machine
6468:
6464:
6454:
6452:
6437:
6430:
6420:
6418:
6409:
6408:
6404:
6394:
6392:
6377:
6362:
6352:
6350:
6335:
6331:
6321:
6319:
6306:
6305:
6301:
6288:
6287:
6283:
6273:
6271:
6262:
6261:
6254:
6247:
6233:
6229:
6216:
6212:
6202:
6200:
6193:
6176:
6165:
6158:
6142:
6135:
6125:
6123:
6116:
6100:
6096:
6086:
6084:
6077:
6063:
6062:
6058:
6048:
6046:
6039:
6023:
6019:
6009:
6007:
5994:
5993:
5986:
5976:
5974:
5963:
5956:
5950:on 4 July 2013.
5942:
5941:
5937:
5927:
5925:
5924:on 21 July 2011
5916:
5915:
5900:
5890:
5888:
5881:
5873:. Pluto Press.
5865:
5861:
5851:
5849:
5837:
5833:
5823:
5821:
5809:
5805:
5788:
5787:
5783:
5773:
5771:
5762:
5761:
5757:
5752:
5748:
5741:
5737:
5732:
5728:
5718:
5716:
5705:
5701:
5691:
5689:
5676:
5672:
5662:
5660:
5639:
5635:
5630:
5626:
5616:
5614:
5599:
5598:
5594:
5584:
5582:
5549:
5545:
5535:
5533:
5512:
5508:
5498:
5496:
5463:
5459:
5449:
5447:
5430:
5426:
5416:
5414:
5407:
5391:
5387:
5377:
5375:
5368:
5352:
5348:
5338:
5336:
5329:
5313:
5309:
5299:
5297:
5290:
5289:
5285:
5275:
5273:
5266:
5250:
5246:
5236:
5234:
5223:
5222:
5218:
5208:
5206:
5195:
5194:
5190:
5180:
5178:
5171:
5155:
5151:
5141:
5139:
5130:
5129:
5125:
5114:Library catalog
5105:
5104:
5100:
5090:
5088:
5081:
5065:
5061:
5048:
5047:
5043:
5036:
5022:
5018:
5013:
5009:
4999:
4997:
4982:
4978:
4965:
4952:
4935:
4934:
4930:
4920:
4918:
4907:
4903:
4893:
4891:
4876:
4872:
4862:
4860:
4847:
4843:
4834:
4832:
4827:, p. 218,
4819:
4815:
4805:
4803:
4799:
4792:
4788:
4787:
4783:
4773:
4771:
4764:
4748:
4744:
4734:
4732:
4717:
4713:
4696:
4695:
4686:
4671:
4657:
4653:
4646:
4632:
4628:
4619:Wayback Machine
4610:
4606:
4591:
4577:
4573:
4565:
4558:
4554:
4553:
4549:
4539:
4537:
4524:
4523:
4519:
4509:
4507:
4494:
4493:
4486:
4476:
4474:
4465:
4464:
4460:
4455:
4451:
4438:
4434:
4427:
4411:
4407:
4402:
4393:
4388:
4384:
4373:
4369:
4360:
4356:
4343:
4339:
4328:
4324:
4314:
4312:
4305:
4287:
4274:
4262:"kerala.gov.in"
4260:
4259:
4255:
4248:
4234:
4230:
4220:
4218:
4206:
4202:
4197:censusindia.net
4193:Wayback Machine
4184:
4177:
4172:
4168:
4159:
4155:
4145:
4143:
4128:
4127:
4120:
4110:
4108:
4095:
4094:
4090:
4080:
4078:
4077:on 7 April 2021
4069:
4068:
4064:
4054:
4052:
4043:
4042:
4038:
4028:
4026:
4018:
4017:
4013:
3998:
3994:
3984:
3982:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3954:
3952:
3951:. 30 April 2020
3943:
3942:
3938:
3928:
3926:
3917:
3916:
3912:
3902:
3900:
3891:
3890:
3886:
3876:
3874:
3861:
3860:
3856:
3846:
3844:
3834:
3830:
3820:
3818:
3804:
3800:
3790:
3788:
3775:
3774:
3770:
3760:
3758:
3757:on 14 July 2014
3754:
3747:
3743:
3742:
3735:
3725:
3723:
3714:
3713:
3709:
3699:
3697:
3688:
3687:
3683:
3673:
3671:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3650:Wayback Machine
3639:
3628:
3618:
3616:
3603:
3602:
3595:
3585:
3583:
3579:
3572:
3568:
3567:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3543:
3538:
3515:Malayalam movie
3471:
3422:
3408:
3122:
3116:
3092:
3075:
3033:takes place at
2979:Churulan Vallam
2954:
2879:. Legends like
2714:Muslim Mappilas
2666:Kunchan Nambiar
2638:classical dance
2628:, and Thullal.
2574:
2541:
2487:
2442:
2436:
2423:marumakkathayam
2349:
2343:
2319:by the migrant
2305:Arabi Malayalam
2285:Arabi Malayalam
2257:Arabi Malayalam
2137:Kunchan Nambiar
2085:Thirunizhalmala
1969:
1963:
1957:
1879:
1873:
1794:Canadian census
1699:Kodagu district
1687:Kodagu district
1622:
1616:
1558:(hill) and the
1542:. According to
1498:(973–1048
1408:
1292:Arakkal kingdom
1278:(1790–92) from
1192:
1189:Malayali people
1181:
1147:
1146:
1107:
1099:
1098:
1097:
990:
982:
981:
961:
953:
952:
951:
911:
903:
902:
878:
870:
869:
845:
837:
836:
835:
734:
720:
712:
711:
703:
638:മലയാളി Malayāḷi
620:Others - <1%
609:
595:
590:
580:
544:
542:
526:
524:
508:
506:
490:
488:
472:
470:
454:
452:
436:
434:
418:
416:
400:
398:
382:
380:
364:
362:
346:
344:
328:
326:
310:
308:
292:
290:
274:
272:
256:
254:
238:
236:
220:
218:
202:
200:
184:
182:
166:
164:
148:
146:
131:
130:
122:
121:
113:
112:
102:
100:
87:
73:
57:
55:
51:
46:
35:
32:Malayali (film)
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7565:
7555:
7554:
7549:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7529:
7527:Kerala society
7514:
7513:
7490:
7489:
7477:
7474:
7473:
7471:
7470:
7465:
7460:
7455:
7450:
7445:
7440:
7435:
7430:
7425:
7420:
7415:
7410:
7405:
7400:
7395:
7390:
7385:
7380:
7375:
7370:
7364:
7362:
7356:
7355:
7352:
7351:
7349:
7348:
7343:
7338:
7337:
7336:
7331:
7323:
7318:
7312:
7310:
7306:
7305:
7303:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7290:Panchari melam
7287:
7282:
7271:
7269:
7263:
7262:
7260:
7259:
7257:Irula language
7254:
7249:
7244:
7239:
7234:
7228:
7226:
7222:
7221:
7219:
7218:
7213:
7208:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7187:
7185:
7181:
7180:
7178:
7177:
7172:
7167:
7162:
7157:
7152:
7147:
7142:
7136:
7134:
7130:
7129:
7127:
7126:
7121:
7116:
7114:Sarpam Thullal
7111:
7106:
7104:Kalarippayattu
7101:
7096:
7091:
7085:
7079:
7073:
7072:
7070:
7069:
7068:
7067:
7057:
7052:
7047:
7042:
7037:
7032:
7027:
7022:
7017:
7012:
7007:
7002:
6999:
6994:
6989:
6984:
6979:
6974:
6968:
6966:
6952:
6951:
6949:
6948:
6943:
6938:
6933:
6928:
6923:
6918:
6913:
6908:
6903:
6898:
6893:
6888:
6883:
6878:
6876:Ashtamudi Lake
6873:
6867:
6865:
6859:
6858:
6856:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6834:
6832:
6826:
6825:
6823:
6822:
6817:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6774:
6768:
6766:
6756:
6755:
6753:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6661:
6659:
6653:
6652:
6642:
6641:
6634:
6627:
6619:
6613:
6612:
6607:
6595:
6588:
6587:External links
6585:
6584:
6583:
6575:
6569:
6554:
6541:
6538:
6535:
6534:
6525:
6511:
6483:
6462:
6428:
6402:
6360:
6329:
6299:
6281:
6252:
6245:
6227:
6210:
6191:
6163:
6156:
6150:. Sura Books.
6133:
6114:
6094:
6075:
6056:
6037:
6017:
5984:
5954:
5935:
5898:
5879:
5859:
5831:
5803:
5781:
5755:
5746:
5735:
5726:
5699:
5688:on 27 May 2021
5670:
5633:
5624:
5592:
5543:
5506:
5457:
5424:
5406:978-1906165017
5405:
5385:
5367:978-8126900930
5366:
5346:
5328:978-8126018833
5327:
5307:
5283:
5265:978-0836424232
5264:
5244:
5216:
5188:
5170:978-8177552720
5169:
5149:
5123:
5098:
5079:
5059:
5041:
5034:
5016:
5007:
4976:
4950:
4928:
4901:
4870:
4841:
4813:
4802:on 27 May 2015
4781:
4762:
4742:
4711:
4684:
4669:
4651:
4644:
4626:
4604:
4589:
4571:
4547:
4517:
4484:
4458:
4449:
4445:978-3447025225
4432:
4425:
4405:
4391:
4382:
4367:
4354:
4337:
4322:
4303:
4272:
4253:
4246:
4228:
4200:
4175:
4166:
4153:
4118:
4088:
4062:
4036:
4011:
3992:
3962:
3936:
3910:
3884:
3854:
3828:
3798:
3768:
3733:
3707:
3681:
3655:
3626:
3593:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3551:
3550:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3470:
3467:
3463:Duarte Barbosa
3407:
3404:
3291:Muslim cuisine
3118:Main article:
3115:
3112:
3088:Main article:
3074:
3071:
3067:Kerala tourism
3007:Punnamada Lake
2975:Chundan Vallam
2953:
2950:
2920:Pulluvan Pattu
2877:Carnatic music
2785:Vigathakumaran
2614:semi religious
2540:
2537:
2524:Pathinarukettu
2486:
2483:
2474:Kowdiar Palace
2438:Main article:
2435:
2432:
2360:ancestral home
2345:Main article:
2342:
2339:
2227:O. N. V. Kurup
2133:Perinthalmanna
2107:Designated a "
2024:literary Tamil
1988:Tamil Language
1959:Main article:
1956:
1953:
1943:, and British
1920:, the rise of
1875:Main article:
1872:
1869:
1844:. The city of
1703:Yerava dialect
1615:
1612:
1608:Koodalmanikyam
1574:were known as
1508:Ibn Khordadbeh
1407:
1404:
1394:. Most of the
1364:United Kingdom
1183:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1172:
1165:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
992:
991:
988:
987:
984:
983:
980:
979:
974:
969:
962:
959:
958:
955:
954:
950:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
913:
912:
909:
908:
905:
904:
901:
900:
895:
890:
885:
879:
876:
875:
872:
871:
868:
867:
862:
857:
852:
846:
843:
842:
839:
838:
834:
833:
828:
823:
821:Aryacakravarti
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
742:
741:
740:
733:
732:
727:
721:
718:
717:
714:
713:
704:
701:
700:
697:
696:
688:
687:
680:
679:
671:
670:
665:
661:
660:
655:
651:
650:
645:
641:
640:
635:
631:
630:
622:
621:
574:
573:
569:
568:
562:
561:
557:
556:
553:
539:
538:
535:
521:
520:
517:
503:
502:
499:
485:
484:
481:
467:
466:
463:
449:
448:
445:
431:
430:
427:
413:
412:
409:
395:
394:
391:
377:
376:
373:
359:
358:
355:
341:
340:
337:
335:United Kingdom
323:
322:
319:
305:
304:
301:
287:
286:
283:
269:
268:
265:
251:
250:
247:
233:
232:
229:
215:
214:
211:
197:
196:
193:
179:
178:
175:
161:
160:
157:
143:
142:
136:
135:
97:
96:
92:
91:
80:
79:
75:
74:
68:
49:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7564:
7553:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7524:
7522:
7512:
7502:
7501:
7498:
7487:
7475:
7469:
7466:
7464:
7461:
7459:
7456:
7454:
7451:
7449:
7446:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7434:
7431:
7429:
7426:
7424:
7421:
7419:
7416:
7414:
7411:
7409:
7406:
7404:
7401:
7399:
7396:
7394:
7391:
7389:
7386:
7384:
7381:
7379:
7376:
7374:
7371:
7369:
7366:
7365:
7363:
7361:
7357:
7347:
7344:
7342:
7339:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7326:
7324:
7322:
7319:
7317:
7314:
7313:
7311:
7307:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7280:
7276:
7273:
7272:
7270:
7268:
7264:
7258:
7255:
7253:
7250:
7248:
7245:
7243:
7240:
7238:
7235:
7233:
7230:
7229:
7227:
7223:
7217:
7214:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7189:
7188:
7186:
7182:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7163:
7161:
7158:
7156:
7153:
7151:
7148:
7146:
7143:
7141:
7138:
7137:
7135:
7131:
7125:
7122:
7120:
7117:
7115:
7112:
7110:
7107:
7105:
7102:
7100:
7097:
7095:
7092:
7090:
7087:
7086:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7074:
7066:
7063:
7062:
7061:
7058:
7056:
7053:
7051:
7048:
7046:
7043:
7041:
7038:
7036:
7033:
7031:
7028:
7026:
7023:
7021:
7018:
7016:
7013:
7011:
7008:
7006:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6993:
6990:
6988:
6985:
6983:
6980:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6969:
6967:
6965:
6961:
6957:
6953:
6947:
6946:Vembanad Lake
6944:
6942:
6939:
6937:
6934:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6926:Nilgiri Hills
6924:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6906:Malabar Coast
6904:
6902:
6899:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6887:
6884:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6868:
6866:
6864:
6860:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6835:
6833:
6831:
6827:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6805:Aikya Munnani
6803:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6794:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6769:
6767:
6765:
6761:
6757:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6733:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6718:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6710:Kerala school
6708:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6670:Edakkal Caves
6668:
6666:
6665:Sangam period
6663:
6662:
6660:
6658:
6654:
6650:
6647:
6640:
6635:
6633:
6628:
6626:
6621:
6620:
6617:
6611:
6608:
6606:
6602:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6590:
6580:
6576:
6572:
6570:9788126415786
6566:
6562:
6561:
6555:
6551:
6550:
6544:
6543:
6529:
6521:
6515:
6508:
6505:
6501:
6498:
6492:
6490:
6488:
6481:
6480:
6476:
6473:
6466:
6450:
6446:
6442:
6435:
6433:
6416:
6412:
6406:
6390:
6386:
6382:
6375:
6373:
6371:
6369:
6367:
6365:
6348:
6344:
6340:
6333:
6317:
6313:
6309:
6303:
6295:
6291:
6285:
6269:
6265:
6259:
6257:
6248:
6246:81-88827-07-X
6242:
6238:
6231:
6223:
6220:
6214:
6198:
6194:
6192:9780824049461
6188:
6184:
6183:
6174:
6172:
6170:
6168:
6159:
6157:9788174781642
6153:
6149:
6148:
6140:
6138:
6121:
6117:
6115:9781740596947
6111:
6107:
6106:
6098:
6082:
6078:
6076:9780546721676
6072:
6068:
6067:
6060:
6044:
6040:
6038:9788190250511
6034:
6030:
6029:
6021:
6005:
6001:
5997:
5991:
5989:
5972:
5968:
5961:
5959:
5949:
5945:
5939:
5923:
5919:
5913:
5911:
5909:
5907:
5905:
5903:
5886:
5882:
5880:9780745316932
5876:
5872:
5871:
5863:
5848:
5847:
5842:
5835:
5820:
5819:
5814:
5807:
5799:
5795:
5791:
5785:
5769:
5765:
5759:
5750:
5744:
5739:
5730:
5714:
5710:
5703:
5687:
5683:
5682:
5674:
5658:
5654:
5650:
5646:
5645:
5637:
5628:
5612:
5608:
5607:
5602:
5596:
5580:
5576:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5558:
5554:
5547:
5531:
5527:
5523:
5519:
5518:
5510:
5494:
5490:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5461:
5445:
5441:
5440:
5435:
5428:
5412:
5408:
5402:
5398:
5397:
5389:
5373:
5369:
5363:
5359:
5358:
5350:
5334:
5330:
5324:
5320:
5319:
5311:
5295:
5294:
5287:
5271:
5267:
5261:
5257:
5256:
5248:
5232:
5228:
5227:
5220:
5204:
5200:
5199:
5192:
5176:
5172:
5166:
5162:
5161:
5153:
5137:
5133:
5127:
5119:
5115:
5113:
5108:
5102:
5086:
5082:
5080:9780313287787
5076:
5072:
5071:
5063:
5055:
5051:
5045:
5037:
5031:
5027:
5020:
5011:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4980:
4972:
4971:
4963:
4961:
4959:
4957:
4955:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4932:
4916:
4912:
4905:
4889:
4885:
4881:
4874:
4858:
4854:
4853:
4845:
4830:
4826:
4825:
4817:
4798:
4791:
4785:
4769:
4765:
4759:
4755:
4754:
4746:
4730:
4726:
4722:
4715:
4707:
4703:
4699:
4693:
4691:
4689:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4670:9789814721837
4666:
4662:
4655:
4647:
4641:
4637:
4630:
4624:
4623:stats.govt.nz
4620:
4616:
4613:
4608:
4600:
4596:
4592:
4590:9789814721837
4586:
4582:
4575:
4564:
4557:
4551:
4535:
4531:
4527:
4521:
4505:
4501:
4497:
4491:
4489:
4472:
4468:
4462:
4453:
4446:
4442:
4436:
4428:
4422:
4418:
4417:
4409:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4386:
4379:
4378:
4371:
4364:
4358:
4350:
4349:
4341:
4333:
4326:
4310:
4306:
4300:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4267:
4263:
4257:
4249:
4247:81-7130-672-1
4243:
4239:
4232:
4216:
4212:
4211:
4204:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4187:
4182:
4180:
4170:
4163:
4157:
4141:
4137:
4136:
4131:
4125:
4123:
4106:
4102:
4098:
4092:
4076:
4072:
4066:
4050:
4046:
4040:
4024:
4021:
4015:
4007:
4003:
3996:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3966:
3950:
3946:
3940:
3924:
3920:
3914:
3898:
3894:
3888:
3872:
3868:
3864:
3858:
3843:
3839:
3832:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3802:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3772:
3753:
3746:
3740:
3738:
3721:
3717:
3711:
3695:
3691:
3685:
3669:
3665:
3659:
3652:
3651:
3647:
3644:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3631:
3614:
3610:
3606:
3600:
3598:
3578:
3571:
3565:
3561:
3545:
3541:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3466:
3464:
3459:
3455:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3426:Kalaripayattu
3421:
3420:Kalaripayattu
3412:
3403:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3388:Chattipathiri
3385:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3352:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3315:Kallummakkaya
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3272:
3269:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3247:
3241:
3235:
3230:
3228:
3223:
3217:
3211:
3205:
3199:
3193:
3187:
3181:
3175:
3169:
3163:
3157:
3151:
3145:
3139:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3111:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3091:
3083:
3079:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3023:Malayalam Era
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2928:Mappila Songs
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2901:K. J. Yesudas
2898:
2897:T.N. Krishnan
2894:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2881:Swati Tirunal
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2760:Kalaripayattu
2757:
2756:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2710:
2708:
2707:Guru Gopinath
2704:
2700:
2696:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2591:
2588:
2569:
2568:Kalaripayattu
2565:
2559:
2555:
2549:
2545:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2479:
2475:
2470:
2466:
2465:
2464:architecture.
2458:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2348:
2338:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2299:with special
2298:
2297:Arabic script
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2281:Mappila songs
2278:
2274:
2270:
2269:Malabar Coast
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2247:Arundhati Roy
2244:
2240:
2236:
2235:O. V. Vijayan
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2162:
2160:
2157:, written by
2156:
2155:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2094:Old Malayalam
2091:
2087:
2086:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2066:North Malabar
2063:
2062:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2048:Old Malayalam
2045:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2008:Edakkal Caves
2005:
2004:Niranam poets
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1962:
1952:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1937:Dutch Malabar
1934:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1898:Malabar coast
1894:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1883:Chera dynasty
1878:
1864:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1782:United States
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1762:United States
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1667:Gudalur taluk
1664:
1660:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1621:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1596:
1595:Skanda Purana
1591:
1587:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1573:
1572:Malabar Coast
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1544:William Logan
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1360:United States
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1272:British India
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1232:Malabar coast
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1200:; also spelt
1198:
1190:
1178:
1173:
1171:
1166:
1164:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1058:Cholanaikkans
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
1001:Brahui people
999:
997:
994:
993:
986:
985:
978:
975:
973:
970:
967:
964:
963:
957:
956:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
914:
907:
906:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
880:
874:
873:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
847:
841:
840:
832:
831:Eastern Ganga
829:
827:
826:Western Ganga
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
743:
739:
736:
735:
731:
728:
726:
723:
722:
716:
715:
710:
707:
699:
698:
694:
690:
689:
685:
682:
681:
677:
676:
669:
668:കേരളം Kēraḷam
666:
662:
659:
656:
652:
649:
646:
642:
639:
636:
632:
627:
619:
617:
613:
607:
603:
599:
594:
588:
584:
579:
575:
570:
567:
563:
558:
554:
552:
540:
536:
534:
522:
518:
516:
504:
500:
498:
486:
482:
480:
468:
464:
462:
450:
446:
444:
432:
429:25,000-45,000
428:
426:
414:
410:
408:
396:
392:
390:
378:
374:
372:
360:
356:
354:
342:
338:
336:
324:
320:
318:
306:
302:
300:
288:
284:
282:
270:
266:
264:
252:
248:
246:
245:United States
234:
230:
228:
216:
212:
210:
198:
194:
192:
180:
176:
174:
162:
158:
156:
144:
141:
137:
128:
119:
110:
98:
93:
90:
86:
81:
76:
72:
71:Kalaripayattu
66:
61:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
7388:Chembra Peak
7295:Panchavadyam
7165:Ottamthullal
7155:Mohiniyattam
7094:Architecture
7050:Kerala model
7010:Kerala Iyers
6977:Namboothiris
6956:Demographics
6931:Palakkad Gap
6792:
6578:
6563:. DC Books.
6559:
6548:
6528:
6514:
6470:
6465:
6453:. Retrieved
6444:
6419:. Retrieved
6405:
6393:. Retrieved
6384:
6351:. Retrieved
6342:
6332:
6320:. Retrieved
6311:
6302:
6293:
6284:
6272:. Retrieved
6268:the original
6236:
6230:
6221:
6213:
6201:. Retrieved
6181:
6146:
6126:22 September
6124:. Retrieved
6104:
6097:
6087:22 September
6085:. Retrieved
6065:
6059:
6049:22 September
6047:. Retrieved
6027:
6020:
6008:. Retrieved
5999:
5977:22 September
5975:. Retrieved
5948:the original
5938:
5926:. Retrieved
5922:the original
5891:22 September
5889:. Retrieved
5869:
5862:
5850:. Retrieved
5844:
5834:
5822:. Retrieved
5816:
5806:
5789:
5784:
5772:. Retrieved
5758:
5749:
5738:
5729:
5717:. Retrieved
5702:
5690:. Retrieved
5686:the original
5680:
5673:
5661:. Retrieved
5643:
5636:
5627:
5615:. Retrieved
5611:the original
5604:
5595:
5583:. Retrieved
5556:
5546:
5534:. Retrieved
5526:10603/213506
5516:
5509:
5497:. Retrieved
5470:
5460:
5448:. Retrieved
5437:
5427:
5415:. Retrieved
5395:
5388:
5376:. Retrieved
5356:
5349:
5337:. Retrieved
5317:
5310:
5298:. Retrieved
5292:
5286:
5274:. Retrieved
5254:
5247:
5235:. Retrieved
5225:
5219:
5207:. Retrieved
5197:
5191:
5179:. Retrieved
5159:
5152:
5142:15 September
5140:. Retrieved
5126:
5118:the original
5110:
5101:
5091:22 September
5089:. Retrieved
5069:
5062:
5054:the original
5044:
5025:
5019:
5010:
4998:. Retrieved
4989:
4979:
4969:
4945:the original
4940:
4931:
4919:. Retrieved
4904:
4892:. Retrieved
4883:
4873:
4861:. Retrieved
4851:
4844:
4833:, retrieved
4823:
4816:
4804:. Retrieved
4797:the original
4790:"Kollam Era"
4784:
4772:. Retrieved
4752:
4745:
4733:. Retrieved
4724:
4714:
4697:
4660:
4654:
4635:
4629:
4622:
4607:
4580:
4574:
4563:the original
4550:
4538:. Retrieved
4529:
4520:
4508:. Retrieved
4499:
4475:. Retrieved
4461:
4452:
4435:
4415:
4408:
4385:
4375:
4370:
4362:
4357:
4347:
4340:
4325:
4313:. Retrieved
4294:
4291:
4266:the original
4256:
4237:
4231:
4219:. Retrieved
4209:
4203:
4196:
4169:
4161:
4156:
4144:. Retrieved
4133:
4111:21 September
4109:. Retrieved
4100:
4091:
4079:. Retrieved
4075:the original
4065:
4055:21 September
4053:. Retrieved
4039:
4027:. Retrieved
4014:
4005:
3995:
3983:. Retrieved
3974:
3965:
3953:. Retrieved
3939:
3929:13 September
3927:. Retrieved
3913:
3901:. Retrieved
3887:
3875:. Retrieved
3866:
3857:
3845:. Retrieved
3841:
3831:
3819:. Retrieved
3810:
3801:
3789:. Retrieved
3780:
3771:
3759:. Retrieved
3752:the original
3724:. Retrieved
3710:
3698:. Retrieved
3684:
3672:. Retrieved
3658:
3641:
3617:. Retrieved
3608:
3584:. Retrieved
3564:
3544:
3450:
3440:. The word "
3437:
3433:
3429:
3423:
3406:Martial arts
3399:
3395:
3387:
3379:
3355:
3353:
3337:black pepper
3330:
3326:
3323:Irachi Puttu
3322:
3314:
3289:
3273:
3249:served with
3231:
3134:
3130:Kerala Sadya
3093:
3047:
3039:Lord Krishna
3027:Ambalappuzha
2999:Kochu Vallam
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2969:
2946:Indian music
2936:
2927:
2919:
2909:
2862:
2855:
2843:
2839:
2832:Gita Govinda
2793:
2770:
2763:
2753:
2749:
2740:
2734:
2729:
2711:
2694:
2692:
2671:Chakiarkooth
2669:
2661:
2658:Ottamthullal
2653:
2641:
2636:are the two
2634:Mohiniyattam
2633:
2629:
2626:Mohiniyattam
2617:
2613:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2595:
2587:Syro-Malabar
2558:Mohiniyattam
2530:
2528:
2523:
2519:
2506:
2497:(Science of
2495:Tachu Sastra
2494:
2488:
2462:
2459:
2455:
2434:Architecture
2427:
2421:
2383:
2379:Para Devatha
2378:
2374:
2371:joint family
2355:
2351:
2350:
2327:
2325:
2301:orthographic
2255:
2169:
2163:
2152:
2144:
2106:
2083:
2079:Ramacharitam
2077:
2069:
2059:
2019:
2015:
1985:
1977:Malayāḷalipi
1976:
1949:
1895:
1880:
1854:
1814:Persian Gulf
1715:
1683:South Canara
1662:
1658:
1623:
1603:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1567:
1555:
1547:
1539:
1538:which means
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1512:Al-Baladhuri
1503:
1491:
1483:
1479:
1471:
1467:
1455:
1451:
1441:
1429:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1409:
1336:Saudi Arabia
1324:Persian Gulf
1308:
1268:South Canara
1208:
1201:
1188:
1186:
1142:Dravida Nadu
1006:Gondi people
737:
647:
637:
616:Christianity
592:
591:
577:
458:
209:Saudi Arabia
139:
83:
50:Ethnic group
47:
27:Ethnic group
7463:Vallam kali
7211:Eid al-Adha
7206:Eid al-Fitr
7150:Koodiyattam
7124:Vallam kali
7020:Cochin Jews
6982:Ambalavasis
6820:Politicians
6725:Lakshadweep
6353:18 December
6322:18 December
5944:"Nalukettu"
5852:13 December
5824:13 December
5653:10603/49524
5559:: 406–416.
5473:: 406–416.
5450:11 November
5417:18 November
5378:18 November
5339:18 November
5300:18 November
5276:18 November
5237:18 November
5209:18 November
5181:18 November
4806:30 December
4774:16 November
3877:18 December
3781:abs.gov.au/
3430:naaduvazhis
3402:and so on.
3400:Arikkadukka
3378:or sugar),
3284:appa-chatti
3268:puttu kutti
3213:(tapioca),
3019:river Pamba
3013:of Kerala.
2971:Vallam Kali
2952:Vallam Kali
2642:dance-drama
2428:makkathayam
2368:matrilineal
2332:written by
2323:community.
2243:M. Mukundan
2186:metaphysics
2170:Kavithrayam
2131:(Born near
2123:(Born near
2115:(Born near
2092:written in
2018:(This) and
1918:Cochin Jews
1914:spice trade
1806:New Zealand
1774:New Zealand
1758:Middle East
1654:Lakshadweep
1650:Maharashtra
1638:Arabian Sea
1634:Lakshadweep
1630:Kanyakumari
1546:, the word
1474:written by
1450:, the term
1438:Kanyakumari
1380:expatriates
1372:New Zealand
1296:Kolathunadu
1280:Tipu Sultan
1240:Lakshadweep
1224:Lakshadweep
966:South India
766:Rashtrakuta
606:Sunni Islam
461:Switzerland
389:New Zealand
127:Lakshadweep
120:32,413,213
56:malayāḷikal
7521:Categories
7279:Thayambaka
7160:Margamkali
7109:Literature
7035:Dravidians
6886:Backwaters
6760:Government
6455:26 January
6395:26 January
6203:18 October
6010:1 November
5928:1 November
5798:8182676444
5585:7 February
5536:7 February
5499:7 February
4735:21 October
4706:8182676444
4530:Census.gov
3903:15 October
3847:12 October
3821:21 October
3791:21 October
3619:21 October
3556:References
3418:See also:
3317:(mussels)
3198:pulisherry
2987:Odi Vallam
2961:Vallamkali
2938:Film music
2873:Ambalavasi
2844:holy steps
2840:sangeetham
2836:Ashtapadis
2742:Margamkali
2726:Duff Muttu
2646:Kutiyattam
2620:, such as
2608:, such as
2511:quadrangle
2507:Nadumuttom
2478:Travancore
2452:structure.
2448:A typical
2406:Malappuram
2090:epic poems
1965:See also:
1754:Chandigarh
1748:(Bombay),
1738:Coimbatore
1724:(Madras),
1701:speak the
1675:Tamil Nadu
1642:Tamil Nadu
1618:See also:
1576:Malabarese
1494:('hill').
1472:Topography
1362:(US), the
1312:Tamil Nadu
1300:Valluvanad
1193:Malayalam:
1052:Giraavarus
1011:Kannadigas
977:South Asia
761:Satavahana
111:34,838,819
43:Malaysians
7443:Peruvanam
7368:Alappuzha
7325:Samastha
7232:Malayalam
7225:Languages
7216:Christmas
7184:Festivals
7140:Kathakali
7060:Education
6987:Samanthas
6972:Malayalis
6891:Districts
6863:Geography
6830:Incidents
6795:elections
6793:Panchayat
6782:Governors
6445:The Hindu
6421:8 January
6385:The Hindu
6343:The Hindu
6312:NDTV Food
6274:2 January
5846:The Hindu
5818:The Hindu
5617:15 August
5606:The Hindu
5575:2590-3691
5489:2590-3691
4990:The Hindu
4884:The Hindu
4725:The Hindu
4679:962741080
4599:962741080
4135:The Hindu
4006:The Hindu
3985:11 August
3975:DNA India
3955:2 October
3867:The Hindu
3434:Vazhunors
3380:Muttamala
3374:grating,
3356:Unnakkaya
3192:injipully
3108:Christmas
3104:Deepavali
3073:Festivals
2838:. Sopana
2703:Kathakali
2630:Kathakali
2622:Kathakali
2606:religious
2548:Kathakali
2520:Ettukettu
2516:tharavadu
2503:courtyard
2499:Carpentry
2491:Nalukettu
2485:Nalukettu
2450:Nalukettu
2375:Karanavar
2356:Tharavadu
2341:Tharavadu
2317:Singapore
2239:Kamaladas
2182:sophistry
2161:in 1785.
1996:Malayalam
1975:The word
1961:Malayalam
1939:, French
1902:Roman era
1887:Tamilakam
1850:Bangalore
1790:Australia
1786:tri-state
1770:Australia
1750:Ahmedabad
1742:Hyderabad
1734:Mangalore
1730:Bangalore
1691:Karnataka
1679:Mangalore
1646:Karnataka
1626:Mangalore
1552:Dravidian
1496:Al-Biruni
1488:Dravidian
1434:Tulu Nadu
1406:Etymology
1368:Australia
1356:Singapore
1316:Karnataka
1244:Malayalam
1213:Dravidian
1202:Malayalee
1054:(Extinct)
1048:(Extinct)
1021:Malayalis
972:Sri Lanka
968:(Dravida)
684:Dravidian
618:- 18.38%
608:)- 26.56%
566:Malayalam
560:Languages
479:Indonesia
353:Singapore
299:Australia
159:1,014,000
54:Malayalis
7040:Adivasis
6997:Mappilas
6964:Religion
6911:Marayoor
6772:Agencies
6764:Politics
6601:Archived
6500:Archived
6475:Archived
6449:Archived
6415:Archived
6389:Archived
6347:Archived
6316:Archived
6197:Archived
6120:Archived
6081:Archived
6043:Archived
6004:Archived
5971:Archived
5885:Archived
5768:Archived
5713:Archived
5657:Archived
5579:Archived
5530:Archived
5493:Archived
5444:Archived
5411:Archived
5372:Archived
5333:Archived
5270:Archived
5231:Archived
5203:Archived
5175:Archived
5136:Archived
5085:Archived
5000:10 April
4994:Archived
4915:Archived
4888:Archived
4857:Archived
4829:archived
4768:Archived
4729:Archived
4615:Archived
4534:Archived
4510:17 April
4504:Archived
4471:Archived
4309:Archived
4221:30 March
4215:Archived
4189:Archived
4140:Archived
4105:Archived
4049:Archived
4023:Archived
3979:Archived
3923:Archived
3897:Archived
3871:Archived
3815:Archived
3785:Archived
3726:27 March
3720:Archived
3700:18 April
3694:Archived
3668:Archived
3646:Archived
3613:Archived
3586:18 April
3577:Archived
3475:Malabars
3469:See also
3456:and the
3382:made of
3376:molasses
3341:cardamom
3307:Yemenese
3240:papadams
3222:puzhukku
3128:Typical
3035:Aranmula
2916:pulluvar
2869:Pothuval
2828:Jayadeva
2680:hinduism
2592:wedding.
2352:Tharavad
2347:Tharavad
2313:Malaysia
2207:Jnanpith
2141:Palakkad
2058:such as
1857:Malaysia
1838:European
1695:Virajpet
1663:Eranadan
1590:Malabari
1586:Malayali
1581:Malabari
1443:Malabars
1388:Malaysia
1352:Malaysia
1304:Palakkad
1211:) are a
1209:Keralite
1106:Politics
947:Charvaka
932:Buddhism
922:Hinduism
910:Religion
877:Language
781:Kakatiya
771:Chalukya
654:Language
604:(mainly
593:Minority
589:- 54.73%
587:Hinduism
578:Majority
572:Religion
407:Pakistan
249:300,000
231:369,000
227:Malaysia
58:മലയാളികൾ
7468:Wayanad
7423:Kovalam
7360:Tourism
7300:Sopanam
7285:Kolkali
7170:Theyyam
7145:Kolkali
7099:Cuisine
7077:Culture
7055:Tourism
7030:Pulayar
7015:Ezhavas
7001:Thiyyas
6960:Economy
6657:History
6264:"Music"
4921:12 June
4894:12 June
4540:12 June
4315:19 July
4081:22 July
3761:14 July
3674:17 July
3396:Chapati
3392:dessert
3372:coconut
3364:raisins
3349:Biryani
3332:Pathiri
3303:Persian
3295:Mappila
3227:Coconut
3180:theeyal
3150:payasam
3138:sadhyas
3114:Cuisine
3055:Haripad
2816:Sopanam
2777:mimicry
2688:Kolkali
2684:Theyyam
2676:Theyyam
2618:secular
2610:Theyyam
2602:thullal
2590:Nasrani
2570:posture
2505:called
2410:Varkala
2402:Ponnani
2396:around
2394:Muslims
2390:Thiyyar
2358:is the
2293:Ponnani
2263:of the
2190:lyrical
2145:Thullal
2127:), and
2056:Ballads
2020:Pazhama
2012:Wayanad
1945:English
1926:Mappila
1906:Ptolemy
1846:Chennai
1818:Bahrain
1722:Chennai
1707:Wayanad
1560:Persian
1548:Malabar
1536:Malanad
1532:Malabar
1528:Munibar
1524:Mulibar
1520:Manibar
1516:Malibar
1504:Malabar
1452:Malabar
1430:Malabar
1424:in the
1421:Malabar
1332:Bahrain
1330:(UAE),
1306:Rajas.
1270:of the
1206:demonym
1093:Koragas
1088:Soligas
1078:Paniyas
1073:Kurukhs
1068:Kodavas
1036:Tuluvas
1026:Telugus
1016:Kodavas
960:Regions
942:Ājīvika
937:Śramaṇa
927:Jainism
844:Culture
806:Aravidu
791:Sangama
786:Hoysala
776:Pallava
756:Pandyan
719:History
664:Country
533:Finland
515:Austria
425:Germany
371:Ireland
285:101,556
281:Bahrain
267:195,300
213:595,000
195:634,728
177:745,000
129:54,267
7497:Portal
7433:Munnar
7398:Kollam
7275:Chenda
7201:Pooram
6649:topics
6646:Kerala
6567:
6243:
6189:
6154:
6112:
6073:
6035:
5877:
5796:
5774:27 May
5719:27 May
5692:27 May
5663:27 May
5573:
5487:
5403:
5364:
5325:
5262:
5167:
5077:
5032:
4863:9 June
4835:9 June
4760:
4704:
4677:
4667:
4642:
4597:
4587:
4477:8 June
4443:
4423:
4301:
4244:
4146:25 May
4029:17 May
3458:Cholas
3454:Cheras
3442:kalari
3360:banana
3327:Irachi
3299:Kerala
3186:thoran
3174:kaalan
3168:aviyal
3162:sambar
3156:sadhya
3144:sadhya
3106:, and
3043:Arjuna
2997:, and
2932:Arabic
2899:&
2865:Maarar
2857:idakka
2852:shrine
2812:Kerala
2781:parody
2736:Oppana
2699:Kerala
2650:UNESCO
2408:, and
2400:, and
2398:Kannur
2364:Kerala
2321:Muslim
2309:Kerala
2249:, and
2229:, and
2117:Kannur
2088:, two
1929:Muslim
1891:Cholas
1842:London
1834:Kuwait
1778:Europe
1766:Canada
1760:, the
1746:Mumbai
1718:Malaya
1659:Yerava
1564:Arabic
1526:, and
1456:Kerala
1392:Tamils
1376:Canada
1366:(UK),
1358:, the
1348:Kuwait
1302:, and
1266:, and
1258:, the
1236:Kerala
1220:Kerala
1063:Khonds
1041:Irulas
1031:Tamils
989:People
801:Tuluva
796:Saluva
702:Origin
644:People
634:Person
548:
530:
512:
497:Poland
494:
476:
443:France
440:
422:
404:
386:
375:24,674
368:
357:26,000
350:
339:45,264
332:
321:77,910
317:Canada
314:
303:78,738
296:
278:
260:
242:
224:
206:
191:Kuwait
188:
170:
152:
118:Kerala
106:
7511:India
7383:Bekal
7267:Music
7191:Vishu
6992:Nairs
6690:Chera
6105:India
4800:(PDF)
4793:(PDF)
4566:(PDF)
4559:(PDF)
3755:(PDF)
3748:(PDF)
3580:(PDF)
3573:(PDF)
3536:Notes
3368:sugar
3345:clove
3319:curry
3277:Appam
3262:puttu
3252:paani
3246:puttu
3234:Puttu
3216:puttu
3210:kappa
3204:appam
3100:Vishu
3063:Kochi
2850:of a
2820:Kalam
2808:prose
2598:attom
2414:Edava
2386:Nairs
2125:Tirur
1904:with
1826:Qatar
1726:Delhi
1566:word
1554:word
1490:word
1344:Qatar
1228:India
1083:Malar
1046:Nagas
816:Reddy
811:Nayak
751:Chera
746:Chola
602:Islam
551:Japan
519:3,785
501:7,122
483:4,000
465:5,000
447:5,000
411:6,000
393:9,024
173:Qatar
109:India
7196:Onam
7089:Arts
6565:ISBN
6457:2021
6423:2022
6397:2021
6355:2019
6324:2019
6276:2009
6241:ISBN
6205:2020
6187:ISBN
6152:ISBN
6128:2016
6110:ISBN
6089:2016
6071:ISBN
6051:2016
6033:ISBN
6012:2009
5979:2016
5930:2009
5893:2016
5875:ISBN
5854:2017
5826:2017
5794:ASIN
5776:2021
5721:2021
5694:2021
5665:2021
5619:2009
5587:2021
5571:ISSN
5538:2021
5501:2021
5485:ISSN
5452:2007
5419:2012
5401:ISBN
5380:2012
5362:ISBN
5341:2012
5323:ISBN
5302:2012
5278:2012
5260:ISBN
5239:2012
5211:2012
5183:2012
5165:ISBN
5144:2017
5093:2016
5075:ISBN
5030:ISBN
5002:2021
4923:2021
4896:2021
4865:2021
4837:2021
4808:2014
4776:2020
4758:ISBN
4737:2020
4702:ASIN
4675:OCLC
4665:ISBN
4640:ISBN
4595:OCLC
4585:ISBN
4542:2022
4512:2020
4479:2021
4441:ISBN
4421:ISBN
4317:2020
4299:ISBN
4242:ISBN
4223:2014
4148:2013
4113:2017
4083:2019
4057:2017
4031:2023
3987:2015
3957:2020
3931:2023
3905:2019
3879:2017
3849:2022
3823:2014
3793:2014
3763:2014
3728:2023
3702:2023
3676:2019
3621:2014
3588:2023
3390:, a
3384:eggs
3366:and
3343:and
3311:Arab
3309:and
3096:Onam
3082:Onam
3041:and
2867:and
2824:Kali
2779:and
2720:and
2695:Kavu
2632:and
2600:and
2472:The
2412:and
2392:and
2315:and
2275:and
2184:and
2176:and
2164:The
2139:, a
2082:and
2068:and
1941:Mahe
1836:and
1822:Oman
1810:Fiji
1800:and
1776:and
1752:and
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