2874:
4109:
Operation
Fortitude were successful, leaving the Germans obliged to defend a huge stretch of coastline. Rommel was in Berlin and the forecasted stormy weather meant that some other German commanders and troops were not present in Normandy. The Allies achieved and maintained air supremacy, which meant that the Germans were unable to make observations of the preparations underway in Britain and were unable to interfere via bomber attacks. Infrastructure for transport in France was severely disrupted by Allied bombers and the French Resistance, making it difficult for the Germans to bring up reinforcements and supplies. Some of the opening bombardment was off-target or not concentrated enough to have any impact, but the specialised armour worked well except on Omaha (where most of it had been lost at sea), providing close artillery support for the troops as they disembarked onto the beaches. Indecisiveness and an overly complicated command structure on the part of the German high command were also factors in the Allied success.
1811:
249:
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Utah) linked with a front line 10 to 16 kilometres (6 to 10 mi) from the beaches; none of these latter objectives were achieved. At Utah the 4th
Division made significant progress inland, making a rendezvous with the airborne troops, and the British and Canadians were between four and seven miles inland (six to eleven kilometres). The five beachheads were not connected until 12 June, by which time the Allies held a front around 97 kilometres (60 mi) long and 24 kilometres (15 mi) deep. Caen, a major objective, was still in German hands at the end of D-Day and would not be completely captured until 21 July. The Germans had ordered French civilians other than those deemed essential to the war effort to leave potential combat zones in Normandy. Civilian casualties on D-Day and D+1 are estimated at 3,000.
3601:
1918:, which comprised all land forces involved in the invasion. On 31 December 1943, Eisenhower and Montgomery first saw the plan, which proposed amphibious landings by three divisions with two more divisions in support. The two generals insisted that the scale of the initial invasion be expanded to five divisions, with airborne descents by three additional divisions, to allow operations on a wider front and to hasten the capture of Cherbourg. The need to acquire or produce extra landing craft for the expanded operation meant that the invasion had to be delayed to June. Eventually, thirty-nine Allied divisions would be committed to the Battle of Normandy: twenty-two American, twelve British, three Canadian, one Polish, and one French, totalling over a million troops.
3872:
3017:
4204:
3551:(the first town liberated in the invasion) and began working to protect the western flank. Because of the failure of the pathfinders to accurately mark their drop zone, the two regiments dropped on the west side of the Merderet were extremely scattered, with only four per cent landing in the target area. Many landed in nearby swamps, with much loss of life. Paratroopers consolidated into small groups, usually a combination of men of various ranks from different units, and attempted to concentrate on nearby objectives. They captured but failed to hold the Merderet River bridge at La Fière, and fighting for the crossing continued for several days.
4028:
375:
2096:. The Allies wanted to schedule the landings for shortly before dawn, midway between low and high tide, with the tide coming in. This would improve the visibility of obstacles on the beach while minimising the amount of time the men would be exposed in the open. Eisenhower had tentatively selected 5 June as the date for the assault. However, on 4 June, conditions were unsuitable for a landing: high winds and heavy seas made it impossible to launch landing craft, and low clouds would prevent aircraft from finding their targets. The weather forecast that reported the storms was sent from a weather station on the western coast of Ireland.
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605:
490:
417:
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291:
790:
760:
580:
568:
556:
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532:
520:
508:
222:
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392:
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teams began to exit the beach at around 09:00, with some infantry wading through the flooded fields rather than travelling on the single road. They skirmished throughout the day with elements of the 919th
Grenadier Regiment, who were armed with antitank guns and rifles. The main strongpoint in the area and another 1,300 yards (1.2 km) to the south were disabled by noon. The 4th Infantry Division did not meet all of their D-Day objectives at Utah Beach, partly because they had arrived too far to the south, but they landed 21,000 troops at the cost of only 197 casualties.
235:
3845:. They faced the 352nd Infantry Division rather than the expected single regiment. Strong currents forced many landing craft east of their intended position or caused them to be delayed. For fear of hitting the landing craft, US bombers delayed releasing their loads and as a result most of the beach obstacles at Omaha remained undamaged when the men came ashore. Many of the landing craft ran aground on sandbars, and the men had to wade 50–100m in water up to their necks while under fire to get to the beach. In spite of the rough seas, DD tanks of two companies of the
361:
75:
263:
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resume. Exit from the beach was possible only via five heavily defended gullies, and by late morning barely 600 men had reached the higher ground. By noon, as the artillery fire took its toll and the
Germans started to run out of ammunition, the Americans were able to clear some lanes on the beaches. They also started clearing the gullies of enemy defences so that vehicles could move off the beach. The tenuous beachhead was expanded over the following days, and the D-Day objectives for Omaha were accomplished by 9 June.
3064:
2458:
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4189:
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2784:
2386:
4158:
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681:
478:
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277:
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3407:, twelve cruisers, and thirty-seven destroyers. Naval bombardment of areas behind the beach commenced at 05:45, while it was still dark, with the gunners switching to pre-assigned targets on the beach as soon as it was light enough to see, at 05:50. Since troops were scheduled to land at Utah and Omaha starting at 06:30 (an hour earlier than the British beaches), these areas received only about 40 minutes of naval bombardment before the assault troops began to land on the shore.
331:
2968:
2703:
3762:
2941:
3826:
318:
4043:, 21 of 25 DD tanks of the first wave were successful in getting safely ashore to provide cover for the infantry, who began disembarking at 07:30. The beach was heavily mined and peppered with obstacles, making the work of the beach clearing teams difficult and dangerous. In the windy conditions, the tide came in more quickly than expected, so manoeuvring the armour was difficult. The beach quickly became congested. Brigadier
2742:
2549:
3101:
1614:, to mislead the Germans as to the date and location of the main Allied landings. The weather on the day selected for D-Day was not ideal, and the operation had to be delayed 24 hours; a further postponement would have meant a delay of at least two weeks, as the planners had requirements for the phase of the moon, the tides, and time of day, that meant only a few days each month were deemed suitable.
2100:
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1994:
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on the plane ... There was an easy familiar touch about the way they were getting ready, as though they had done it often before. Well, yes, they had kitted up and climbed aboard often just like this—twenty, thirty, forty times some of them, but it had never been quite like this before. This was the first combat jump for every one of them.
2034:. Genuine radio messages from 21st Army Group were first routed to Kent via landline and then broadcast, to give the Germans the impression that most of the Allied troops were stationed there. Patton was stationed in England until 6 July, thus continuing to deceive the Germans into believing a second attack would take place at Calais.
1725:, a major objective, was not captured until 21 July. Only two of the beaches (Juno and Gold) were linked on the first day, and all five beachheads were not connected until 12 June. German casualties on D-Day have been estimated at 4,000 to 9,000 men. Allied casualties were at least 10,000, with 4,414 confirmed dead.
3713:(DD tanks), specially designed for the Normandy landings, were to land shortly before the infantry to provide covering fire. However, few arrived in advance of the infantry, and at Omaha many sank before reaching the shore. Other specialist tanks landed in the early waves to clear the beach defences.
4083:
began advancing to Caen on foot, coming within a few kilometres of the town, but had to withdraw due to lack of armour support. At 16:00, the 21st Panzer
Division mounted a counter-attack between Sword and Juno and nearly succeeded in reaching the Channel. It met stiff resistance from the British 3rd
3810:
and others arrived. By then, Rudder's men had run out of ammunition and were using captured German weapons. Several men were killed as a result, because the German weapons made a distinctive noise, and the men were mistaken for the enemy. By the end of the battle, the
Rangers casualties were 135 dead
3181:
the few that were actually significant. In the weeks preceding the landings, lists of messages and their meanings were distributed to resistance groups. An increase in radio activity on 5 June was correctly interpreted by German intelligence to mean that an invasion was imminent or underway. However,
2679:
Rommel believed that
Germany's best chance was to stop the invasion at the shore. He requested that the mobile reserves, especially tanks, be stationed as close to the coast as possible. Rundstedt, Geyr, and other senior commanders objected. They believed that the invasion could not be stopped on the
2131:
and would have increased the chance that the invasion plans would be detected. After much discussion with the other senior commanders, Eisenhower decided that the invasion should go ahead on 6 June. A major storm battered the
Normandy coast from 19 to 22 June, which would have made the beach landings
1881:
to
Britain, the Germans considered it to be the most likely initial landing zone, so it was the most heavily fortified region. But it offered few opportunities for expansion, as the area is bounded by numerous rivers and canals, whereas, landings on a broad front in Normandy would permit simultaneous
4108:
The Allied victory in
Normandy stemmed from several factors. German preparations along the Atlantic Wall were only partially finished; shortly before D-Day Rommel reported that construction was only 18 per cent complete in some areas as resources were diverted elsewhere. The deceptions undertaken in
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The Normandy landings were the largest seaborne invasion in history, with nearly 5,000 landing and assault craft, 289 escort vessels, and 277 minesweepers participating. Nearly 160,000 troops crossed the English Channel on D-Day, with 875,000 men disembarking by the end of June. Allied casualties on
3980:
was delayed because of choppy seas, and the men arrived ahead of their supporting armour, suffering many casualties while disembarking. Most of the offshore bombardment had missed the German defences. Several exits from the beach were created, but not without difficulty. At Mike Beach on the western
3415:
The success of the amphibious landings depended on the establishment of a secure lodgement from which to expand the beachhead to allow the build-up of a well-supplied force capable of breaking out. The amphibious forces were especially vulnerable to strong enemy counter-attacks before the arrival of
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began around midnight with more than 2,200 British, Canadian, and US bombers attacking targets along the coast and further inland. The coastal bombing attack was largely ineffective at Omaha, because low cloud cover made the assigned targets difficult to see. Concerned about inflicting casualties on
4104:
The Allied invasion plans had demanded a rapid build-up of troops and the establishment of a secure bridgehead, which was achieved with fewer casualties than expected. The plan had also called for the capture of Carentan, Saint-Lô, Caen, and Bayeux on the first day, with all the beaches (other than
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Casualties were around 2,000, as the men were subjected to fire from the cliffs above. Problems clearing the beach of obstructions led to the beachmaster calling a halt to further landings of vehicles at 08:30. A group of destroyers arrived around this time to provide fire support so landings could
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Their faces were darkened with cocoa; sheathed knives were strapped to their ankles; tommy guns strapped to their waists; bandoliers and hand grenades, coils of rope, pick handles, spades, rubber dinghies hung around them, and a few personal oddments, like the lad who was taking a newspaper to read
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were used to seize key objectives such as bridges, road crossings, and terrain features, particularly on the eastern and western flanks of the landing areas. The airborne landings some distance behind the beaches were also intended to ease the egress of the amphibious forces off the beaches, and in
2669:
In Germany itself we scarcely had any troop units at our disposal. If the airports at Hamburg and Bremen could be taken by parachute units and the ports of these cities seized by small forces, invasion armies debarking from ships would, I feared, meet no resistance and would be occupying Berlin and
2624:
Rommel believed that the Normandy coast could be a possible landing point for the invasion, so he ordered the construction of extensive defensive works along that shore. In addition to concrete gun emplacements at strategic points along the coast, he ordered wooden stakes, metal tripods, mines, and
2604:
in 1942, Hitler had ordered the construction of fortifications all along the Atlantic coast, from Spain to Norway, to protect against an expected Allied invasion. He envisioned 15,000 emplacements manned by 300,000 troops, but shortages, particularly of concrete and manpower, meant that most of the
3752:
The initial assault battalions were quickly followed by 28 DD tanks and several waves of engineer and demolition teams to remove beach obstacles and clear the area directly behind the beach of obstacles and mines. Gaps were blown in the sea wall to allow quicker access for troops and tanks. Combat
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would protect the US flank and attempt to establish airfields near Caen on the first day. (A sixth beach, code-named "Band", was considered to the east of the Orne). A secure lodgement would be established with all invading forces linked together, with an attempt to hold all territory north of the
3739:
of the 4th Infantry Division were the first to land, arriving at 06:30. Their landing craft were pushed to the south by strong currents, and they found themselves about 2,000 yards (1.8 km) from their intended landing zone. This site turned out to be better, as there was only one strongpoint
4012:
late in the afternoon, but by this time their supporting armour was low on ammunition so the Canadians dug in for the night. The airfield was not captured until a month later as the area became the scene of fierce fighting. By nightfall, the contiguous Juno and Gold beachheads covered an area 12
3886:
were set for 07:25 because of the differences in the tide between there and the US beaches. High winds made conditions difficult for the landing craft, and the amphibious DD tanks were released close to shore or directly on the beach instead of further out as planned. Three of the four guns in a
3262:
The invasion fleet, which was drawn from eight different navies, comprised 6,939 vessels: 1,213 warships, 4,126 landing craft of various types, 736 ancillary craft, and 864 merchant vessels. The majority of the fleet was supplied by the UK, which provided 892 warships and 3,261 landing craft. In
2902:
Overall, the Second Army contingent consisted of 83,115 men, 61,715 of them British. The British and Commonwealth air and naval support units included a large number of personnel from Allied nations, including several RAF squadrons manned almost exclusively by overseas air crew. For example, the
2126:
June. He and his meteorological team predicted that the weather would improve enough for the invasion to proceed on 6 June. The next available dates with the required tidal conditions (but without the desirable full moon) would be two weeks later, from 18 to 20 June. Postponement of the invasion
3581:
After 24 hours, only 2,500 men of the 101st and 2,000 of the 82nd Airborne were under the control of their divisions, approximately a third of the force dropped. This wide dispersal had the effect of confusing the Germans and fragmenting their response. The 7th Army received notification of the
3424:
The US 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions were assigned to objectives west of Utah Beach, where they hoped to capture and control the few narrow causeways through terrain that had been intentionally flooded by the Germans. Reports from Allied intelligence in mid-May of the arrival of the German
3648:
arrived in the third wave of gliders at 03:30, along with equipment, such as antitank guns and jeeps, and more troops to help secure the area from counter-attacks, which were initially staged only by troops in the immediate vicinity of the landings. At 02:00, the commander of the German 716th
2684:, the armoured units stationed near the coast had been damaged by naval bombardment. Rommel's opinion was that because of Allied air supremacy, the large-scale movement of tanks would not be possible once the invasion was under way. Hitler made the final decision, which was to leave three
2625:
large anti-tank obstacles to be placed on the beaches to delay the approach of landing craft and impede the movement of tanks. Expecting the Allies to land at high tide so that the infantry would spend less time exposed on the beach, he ordered many of these obstacles to be placed at the
3784:. Their task was to scale the 30 m (98 ft) cliffs with grappling hooks, ropes, and ladders to destroy the coastal gun battery located at the top. The cliffs were defended by the German 352nd Infantry Division and French collaborators firing from above. Allied destroyers
3185:
A 1965 report from the Counter-insurgency Information Analysis Center details the results of the French Resistance's sabotage efforts: "In the southeast, 52 locomotives were destroyed on 6 June and the railway line cut in more than 500 places. Normandy was isolated as of 7 June."
3669:, Allied forces disabled the guns with plastic explosives at a cost of 75 casualties. The emplacement was found to contain 75 mm guns rather than the expected 150 mm heavy coastal artillery. Otway's remaining force withdrew with the assistance of a few members of the
4101:
the first day were at least 10,000, with 4,414 confirmed dead and the Germans had 4,000–9,000 casualties (killed, wounded, missing, or captured). The Germans never achieved Hitler's stated aim of "throwing the Allies back into the sea" on D-Day or at any time thereafter.
2091:
The invasion planners determined a set of conditions involving the phase of the moon, the tides, and the time of day that would be satisfactory on only a few days in each month. A full moon was desirable, as it would provide illumination for aircraft pilots and have the
4139:, a target of the British 6th Airborne, was the site of some of the earliest action of the Normandy landings. The bridge was replaced in 1994 by one similar in appearance, and the original is housed on the grounds of a nearby museum complex. Sections of Mulberry Harbour
3798:
provided fire support. After scaling the cliffs, the Rangers discovered that the guns had already been withdrawn. They located the weapons, unguarded but ready to use, in an orchard some 550 metres (600 yd) south of the point, and disabled them with explosives.
3582:
parachute drops at 01:20, but Rundstedt did not initially believe that a major invasion was underway. The destruction of radar stations along the Normandy coast in the week before the invasion meant that the Germans did not detect the approaching fleet until 02:00.
3950:(future site of Mulberry "B"), and contact was made on the eastern flank with the Canadian forces at Juno. Bayeux was not captured the first day because of stiff resistance from the 352nd Infantry Division. Allied casualties at Gold Beach are estimated at 1,000.
1949:
bridges and north of Carentan on the western flank. The Americans, assigned to land at Utah Beach and Omaha Beach, were to attempt to capture Carentan and Saint-Lô the first day, then cut off the Cotentin Peninsula and eventually capture the port facilities at
3744:
had bombed the defences from lower than their prescribed altitude, inflicting considerable damage. In addition, the strong currents had washed ashore many of the underwater obstacles. The assistant commander of the 4th Infantry Division, Brigadier General
2664:
notes in his 1969 autobiography that the German high command, concerned about the susceptibility of the airports and port facilities along the North Sea coast, held a conference on 6–8 June 1944 to discuss reinforcing defences in that area. Speer wrote:
2609:. Rommel was assigned to oversee the construction of further fortifications along the expected invasion front, which stretched from the Netherlands to Cherbourg, and was given command of the newly re-formed Army Group B, which included the 7th Army, the
1933:
on the continent. The first phase, the amphibious invasion and establishment of a secure foothold, was codenamed Operation Neptune. To gain the air superiority needed to ensure a successful invasion, the Allies undertook a bombing campaign (codenamed
3530:
and machine-gun fire. Some paratroopers were killed on impact when their parachutes did not have time to open, and others drowned in the flooded fields. Gathering together into fighting units was made difficult by a shortage of radios and by the
2680:
beaches. Geyr argued for a conventional doctrine: keeping the Panzer formations concentrated in a central position around Paris and Rouen and deploying them only when the main Allied beachhead had been identified. He also noted that in the
3644:) were blown off course and had to set up the navigation aids too far east. Many paratroopers, also blown too far east, landed far from their intended drop zones; some took hours or even days to be reunited with their units. Major General
2179:(eastern legions)—conscripts and volunteers from Russia, Mongolia, and other areas of the Soviet Union. They were provided mainly with unreliable captured equipment and lacked motorised transport. Many German units were under strength.
3653:
before he could commit his formation. Feuchtinger did not receive orders until nearly 09:00, but in the meantime on his own initiative he put together a battle group (including tanks) to fight the British forces east of the Orne.
1877:. As Brittany and Cotentin are peninsulas, it would have been possible for the Germans to cut off the Allied advance at a relatively narrow isthmus, so these sites were rejected. With the Pas-de-Calais being the closest point in
2605:
strongpoints were never built. As it was expected to be the site of the invasion, the Pas de Calais was heavily defended. In the Normandy area, the best fortifications were concentrated at the port facilities at Cherbourg and
2210:, 507th Heavy Panzer Battalion and the 311th and 322nd StuG Assault Gun Brigades. All told, the German forces stationed in France were deprived of 45,827 troops and 363 tanks, assault guns, and self-propelled anti-tank guns.
1698:, and barbed wire, making the work of the beach-clearing teams difficult and dangerous. The highest number of casualties was at Omaha, with its high cliffs. At Gold, Juno, and Sword, several fortified towns were cleared in
4263:
The official British history gives an estimated figure of 156,115 men landed on D-Day. This comprised 57,500 Americans and 75,215 British and Canadians from the sea and 15,500 Americans and 7,900 British from the air.
3539:, stone walls, and marshes. Some units did not arrive at their targets until afternoon, by which time several of the causeways had already been cleared by members of the 4th Infantry Division moving up from the beach.
4063:
to attack from the rear a German gun battery on the shore. A concrete observation and control tower at this emplacement had to be bypassed and was not captured until several days later. French forces under Commander
3526:. The C-47s could not fly in a tight formation because of thick cloud cover, and many paratroopers were dropped far from their intended landing zones. Many planes came in so low that they were under fire from both
3368:
their own troops, many bombers delayed their attacks too long and failed to hit the beach defences. The Germans had 570 aircraft stationed in Normandy and the Low Countries on D-Day, and another 964 in Germany.
2013:
included Fortitude North, a misinformation campaign using fake radio traffic to lead the Germans into expecting an attack on Norway, and Fortitude South, a major deception involving the creation of a fictitious
3649:
Infantry Division ordered Feuchtinger to move his 21st Panzer Division into position to counter-attack. However, as the division was part of the armoured reserve, Feuchtinger was obliged to seek clearance from
1890:
and eventually into Germany. Normandy was hence chosen as the landing site. The most serious drawback of the Normandy coast—the lack of port facilities—would be overcome through the development of artificial
12632:
4079:, headquarters of the 736th Infantry Regiment, was a large complex defensive work that had come through the morning's bombardment essentially undamaged. It was not captured until 20:15. The 2nd Battalion,
3546:
and destroying two bridges over the Douve. On the east side of the river, 75 per cent of the paratroopers landed in or near their drop zone, and within two hours they captured the important crossroads at
3665:, in charge of the operation, decided to proceed regardless, as the emplacement had to be destroyed by 06:00 to prevent it firing on the invasion fleet and the troops arriving on Sword Beach. In the
2173:, meant that the Germans no longer had a pool of able young men from which to draw. German soldiers were now on average six years older than their Allied counterparts. Many in the Normandy area were
3279:) in the British and Canadian sectors. Available to the fleet were five battleships, 20 cruisers, 65 destroyers, and two monitors. German ships in the area on D-Day included three torpedo boats, 29
2688:
under Geyr's command and give Rommel operational control of three more as reserves. Hitler took personal control of four divisions as strategic reserves, not to be used without his direct orders.
3574:), bringing additional troops and heavy equipment. Like the paratroopers, many landed far from their drop zones. Even those that landed on target experienced difficulty, with heavy cargo such as
4121:
sits at the location of a former German strongpoint. Pointe du Hoc is little changed from 1944, with the terrain covered with bomb craters and most of the concrete bunkers still in place. The
3371:
Minesweepers began clearing channels for the invasion fleet shortly after midnight and finished just after dawn without encountering the enemy. The Western Task Force included the battleships
3903:
at 06:20. The fourth gun resumed firing intermittently in the afternoon, and its garrison surrendered on 7 June. Aerial attacks had failed to hit the Le Hamel strongpoint, which had its
2009:
Under the overall umbrella of Operation Bodyguard, the Allies conducted several subsidiary operations designed to mislead the Germans as to the date and location of the Allied landings.
12647:
3429:
meant the intended drop zones had to be shifted eastward and to the south. The British 6th Airborne Division, on the eastern flank, was assigned to capture intact the bridges over the
8596:
7391:(PhD thesis). Cranfield, Bedford: Cranfield University; Cranfield Defence and Security School, Department of Applied Science, Security and Resilience, Security and Resilience Group.
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that caused a radar return which was mistakenly interpreted by German radar operators as a naval convoy near Le Havre. The illusion was bolstered by a group of small vessels towing
1760:
made a joint announcement that a "... full understanding was reached with regard to the urgent tasks of creating a second front in Europe in 1942." However, British Prime Minister
12582:
4203:
4004:, 3 miles (5 km) inland, discovered that the road was well covered by machine gun emplacements that had to be outflanked before the advance could proceed. Elements of the
12485:
3640:. Meanwhile, the pathfinders tasked with setting up radar beacons and lights for further paratroopers (scheduled to begin arriving at 00:50 to clear the landing zone north of
3507:
at 00:15. Navigation was difficult because of a bank of thick cloud, and as a result, only one of the five paratrooper drop zones was accurately marked with radar signals and
3849:
were dropped 5,000 yards (4,600 m) from shore; however, 27 of the 32 flooded and sank, with the loss of 33 crew. Some tanks, disabled on the beach, continued to provide
2169:, with another eighteen stationed in Denmark and Norway. Fifteen divisions were in the process of formation in Germany. Combat losses throughout the war, particularly on the
12597:
12602:
4068:(the first French soldiers to arrive in Normandy) attacked and cleared the heavily fortified strongpoint at the casino at Riva Bella, with the aid of one of the DD tanks.
3522:
Paratroops from 101st Airborne were dropped beginning around 01:30, tasked with controlling the causeways behind Utah Beach and destroying road and rail bridges over the
12562:
10466:
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sufficient forces in the beachhead could be accomplished. To slow or eliminate the enemy's ability to organise and launch counter-attacks during this critical period,
2037:
Many of the German radar stations on the French coast were destroyed in preparation for the landings. In addition, on the night before the invasion, a small group of
11824:
9828:
1757:
2237:, had only arrived in France in March–May 1944 for extensive refit after being badly damaged during the Dnieper-Carpathian operation. Seven of the eleven panzer or
1799:
in Washington in May 1943. Initial planning was constrained by the number of available landing craft, most of which were already committed in the Mediterranean and
10155:
7388:
The development of British civil affairs and its employment in the British Sector of Allied military operations during the Battle of Normandy, June to August 1944
3806:. The men were isolated, and some were captured. By dawn on 7 June, Rudder had only 90 men able to fight. Relief did not arrive until 8 June, when members of the
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12637:
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3985:, which were then covered by a temporary bridge. The beach and nearby streets were clogged with traffic for most of the day, making it difficult to move inland.
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from London. Several hundred of these messages, which might be snippets of poetry, quotations from literature, or random sentences, were regularly transmitted,
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2633:, and the removal of ground cover made the approach hazardous for infantry. On Rommel's order, the number of mines along the coast was tripled. The Allied
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7576:
Liedtke, Gregory (2 January 2015). "Lost in the Mud: The (Nearly) Forgotten Collapse of the German Army in the Western Ukraine, March and April 1944".
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With this action, the last of the D-Day goals of the British 6th Airborne Division was achieved. They were reinforced at 12:00 by commandos of the
3613:
3567:
3195:
1020:
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Division and was soon recalled to assist in the area between Caen and Bayeux. Estimates of Allied casualties on Sword Beach are as high as 1,000.
3331:
that had been laid by the RAF to shield the fleet from the long-range battery at Le Havre. Allied losses to mines included the American destroyer
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9864:
9176:
1907:
1815:
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12409:
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awarded on D-Day for his actions including attacking two pillboxes at the Mont Fleury high point. On the western flank, the 1st Battalion,
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4133:, and there is one dedicated to the activities of the US airmen at Sainte-Mère-Église. Two German military cemeteries are located nearby.
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11339:
10399:
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10255:
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1942:, were undertaken in the months leading up to the invasion to prevent the Germans from learning the timing and location of the invasion.
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The Use and Effectiveness of Sabotage as a Means of Unconventional Warfare – An Historical Perspective from World War I Through Vietnam
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fire along the beach and had a thick concrete wall on the seaward side. Its 75 mm gun continued to do damage until 16:00, when an
3749:, the first senior officer ashore, made the decision to "start the war from right here," and ordered further landings to be re-routed.
2915:, and hundreds of personnel posted to RAF units and RN warships. The RAF supplied two-thirds of the aircraft involved in the invasion.
2461:
2340:
2086:
1899:, dealt with specific requirements expected for the Normandy Campaign such as mine clearing, demolishing bunkers, and mobile bridging.
1150:
826:
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Allied control of the Atlantic meant German meteorologists had less information than the Allies on incoming weather patterns. As the
1749:
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3519:. To avoid flying over the invasion fleet, the planes arrived from the west over the Cotentin Peninsula and exited over Utah Beach.
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Major German strongpoints with 75 mm guns, machine-gun nests, concrete fortifications, barbed wire, and mines were located at
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could muster only 815 aircraft over Normandy in comparison to the Allies' 9,543. Rommel arranged for booby-trapped stakes known as
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meteorological centre in Paris was predicting two weeks of stormy weather, many Wehrmacht commanders left their posts to attend
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At Omaha Beach, parts of the Mulberry harbour are still visible, and a few of the beach obstacles remain. A memorial to the US
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1975:
line within the first three weeks. Montgomery envisaged a ninety-day battle, lasting until all Allied forces reached the River
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and wounded, while German casualties were 50 killed and 40 captured. An unknown number of French collaborators were executed.
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The invasion began shortly after midnight on the morning of 6 June with extensive aerial and naval bombardment as well as an
705:
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Meanwhile, infantry began clearing the heavily fortified houses along the shore and advanced on targets further inland. The
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Troops of the 82nd Airborne began arriving around 02:30, with the primary objective of capturing two bridges over the River
3360:
Map of the invasion area showing channels cleared of mines, location of vessels engaged in bombardment, and targets on shore
11593:
10993:
10879:
10044:
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7754:. Washington: Special Operations Research Office, Counter-insurgency Information Analysis Center, United States Army. 1965.
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total there were 195,700 naval personnel involved; of these 112,824 were from the Royal Navy with another 25,000 from the
1807:
in November 1943, Roosevelt and Churchill promised Stalin that they would open the long-delayed second front in May 1944.
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8391:. Official History of the Canadian Army in the Second World War. Ottawa: Department of National Defence. Archived from
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to postpone the promised invasion as, even with US help, the Allies did not have adequate forces for such an activity.
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Planning for the operation began in 1943. In the months leading up to the invasion, the Allies conducted a substantial
889:
35:
8512:"Air Operations by the Allied Expeditionary Air Force in N.W. Europe From November 15th, 1943 to September 30th, 1944"
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17:
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4147:, opened in 2003, was funded by the Canadian federal and provincial governments, France, and Canadian veterans. The
2401:, a full-strength unit of around 12,000 brought in by Rommel on 15 March and reinforced by two additional regiments.
2049:. These dummies led the Germans to believe that an additional airborne landing had occurred. On that same night, in
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2015:
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The original estimate for Allied casualties was 10,000, of which 2,500 were killed. Research under way by the
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Carrying their equipment, US assault troops move onto Utah Beach. Landing craft can be seen in the background.
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shifting during landing, crashing through the wooden fuselage, and in some cases crushing personnel on board.
2030:. Fortitude South was intended to deceive the Germans into believing that the main attack would take place at
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some cases to neutralise German coastal defence batteries and more quickly expand the area of the beachhead.
3267:; 52,889 were American; and 4,998 sailors from other allied countries. The invasion fleet was split into the
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was a delaying operation aimed at the enemy forces that would potentially reinforce Axis forces at Normandy.
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provided specialised armoured vehicles which supported the landings on all beaches in Second Army's sector.
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in September the same year. By then, Soviet forces were on the offensive and had won a major victory at the
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The First Army contingent totalled approximately 73,000 men, including 15,600 from the airborne divisions.
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The Allies planned to launch the invasion on 1 May 1944. The initial draft of the plan was accepted at the
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tasked with eliminating the enemy battery at Merville arrived at the rendezvous point. Lieutenant Colonel
1938:) that targeted German aircraft production, fuel supplies, and airfields. Elaborate deceptions, codenamed
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Some of the landing craft had been modified to provide close support fire, and self-propelled amphibious
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Allied forces attacking Utah Beach faced the following German units stationed on the Cotentin Peninsula:
2186:) was significantly weakened by personnel and materiel transfers to the Eastern Front. During the Soviet
1734:
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1683:. Strong winds blew the landing craft east of their intended positions, particularly at Utah and Omaha.
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Utah Beach was in the area defended by two battalions of the 919th Grenadier Regiment. Members of the
3511:. Paratroopers of the 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions, numbering over 13,000 men, were delivered by
3182:
because of the barrage of previous false warnings and misinformation, most units ignored the warning.
2243:
divisions stationed in France were not fully operational or only partially mobile in early June 1944.
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Folliard, Edward T. (12 June 1942). "Molotov's Visit to White House, Postwar Amity Pledge Revealed".
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B still sit in the sea at Arromanches, and the well-preserved Longues-sur-Mer battery is nearby. The
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1945:
The landings were to be preceded by airborne operations near Caen on the eastern flank to secure the
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war correspondent Robert Barr described the scene as paratroopers prepared to board their aircraft:
1663:
06:30. The target 50-mile (80 km) stretch of the Normandy coast was divided into five sectors:
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Canada's Battle in Normandy: The Canadian Army's Share in the Operations, 6 June – 1 September 1944
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D-Day in History and Memory: The Normandy Landings in International Remembrance and Commemoration
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3136:. The Allies developed four plans for the Resistance to execute on D-Day and the following days:
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emplacement at La Rivière containing an 88 mm gun had been neutralised by a tank at 07:30.
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reached the Eastern Task Force and launched fifteen torpedoes, sinking the Norwegian destroyer
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Countdown to D-Day: The German Perspective: The German High Command in Occupied France, 1944
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Allied forces at Gold and Juno faced the following elements of the 352nd Infantry Division:
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has confirmed 4,414 deaths, of which 2,499 were American and 1,915 were from other nations.
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as a "never surpassed masterpiece of planning". In overall command was British Admiral Sir
3109:
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2513:; renamed 22nd Panzer Regiment in May 1944 to avoid confusion with 100th Panzer Battalion)
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1935:
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1795:. The decision to undertake a cross-channel invasion within the next year was taken at the
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Normandy 1944: German Military Organisation, Combat Power and Organizational Effectiveness
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The tank remained in place until 1972 when it was removed and restored by members of the
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8589:: US Department of Defense, Department of the Army footage from the US National Archives
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7313:(MSc thesis). Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio: Air Force Institute of Technology.
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miles (19 km) wide and 7 miles (10 km) deep. Casualties at Juno were 961 men.
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Allied forces attacking Gold, Juno, and Sword Beaches faced the following German units:
1599:, and the rest of Western Europe, and laid the foundations of the Allied victory on the
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7656:. Vol. 11. The invasion of France and Germany, 1944–1945. Boston: Little, Brown.
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Omaha, the most heavily defended beach, was assigned to the 1st Infantry Division and
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Instead of an immediate return to France, the western Allies staged offensives in the
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4000:. The towns had to be cleared in house-to-house fighting. Soldiers on their way to
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flank, a large crater was filled using an abandoned AVRE tank and several rolls of
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over western Europe, so Rommel knew he could not expect effective air support. The
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returned to Germany for his wife's birthday and to petition Hitler for additional
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above Gold Beach was designed by the architect Liam O'Connor and opened in 2021.
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3636:. The five bridges over the Dives were destroyed with minimal difficulty by the
3275:) supporting the US sectors and the Eastern Naval Task Force (under Admiral Sir
2613:, and the forces guarding the Netherlands. Reserves for this group included the
1702:, and two major gun emplacements at Gold were disabled using specialised tanks.
12358:
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Volume III. The Victory Campaign, The Operations in North-West Europe 1944–1945
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8116:
Decision in Normandy: The Unwritten Story of Montgomery and the Allied Campaign
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4238:
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were assigned to objectives in Brittany from 5 June until August in Operations
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four years earlier. He had also been responsible for the naval planning of the
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7265:] (in French). Vincennes, France: Service Historique de l'Armée de Terre.
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30:"D-Day", "Operation Neptune", and "Jour-J" redirect here. For other uses, see
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3915:(AVRE) tank fired a large demolition charge into its rear entrance. A second
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would have required recalling men and ships already in position to cross the
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in August 1943. General Dwight D. Eisenhower was appointed commander of the
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3624:). Both bridges were quickly captured intact, with light casualties by the
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1595:, it is the largest seaborne invasion in history. The operation began the
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Extended onsite interview of Dwight Eisenhower on his D-Day recollections
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2601:
2503:
2354:
2175:
2115:
1955:
1886:, coastal ports further west in Brittany, and an overland attack towards
1800:
1680:
1668:
1111:
1084:
93:
3853:
until their ammunition ran out or they were swamped by the rising tide.
3776:
situated between Utah and Omaha, was assigned to two hundred men of the
3761:
2702:
1714:
12404:
12232:
12226:
12206:
10893:
10646:
10625:
9511:
8844:
8772:
7503:
Goldstein, Donald M.; Dillon, Katherine V.; Wenger, J. Michael (1994).
6663:
6192:
4584:
4433:
4431:
4060:
3977:
3969:
3959:
3883:
3876:
3866:
3722:
3508:
3430:
3327:. After attacking, the German vessels turned away and fled east into a
3209:
3057:
3024:
2967:
2630:
2606:
1963:
1959:
1676:
1672:
1664:
1121:
1116:
1089:
863:
7960:
Gators of Neptune: Naval Amphibious Planning for the Normandy Invasion
7878:
Eisenhower's Lieutenants: The Campaign of France and Germany 1944–1945
7855:"Maureen Flavin Sweeney Dies at 100; Her Weather Report Delayed D-Day"
7288:
5633:
5631:
5041:
11156:
10561:
10358:
10169:
9960:
9915:
7396:
4526:
4524:
4522:
4520:
4518:
4516:
4514:
4512:
4458:
4273:
Includes guns from 100mm to 210mm, as well as 320mm rocket launchers.
3968:
Royal Canadian Naval Beach Commando "W" land on Mike Beach sector of
3904:
3605:
3575:
2940:
2137:
1968:
1930:
1706:
1691:
268:
12633:
Naval battles and operations of the European theatre of World War II
9436:
7348:
United Kingdom Military Series. London: Naval & Military Press.
6204:
5715:
4428:
3825:
3495:
Gliders delivered reinforcements to the Cotentin Peninsula towed by
2657:) to be installed in meadows and fields to deter airborne landings.
1625:
in command of German forces and developing fortifications along the
12348:
9420:
9148:
6267:
6243:
5787:
5628:
5270:
4048:
3916:
3908:
3773:
3641:
3543:
3536:
3129:
2741:
2042:
1866:
1710:
1574:
1386:
127:
8597:
Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home
7750:
5610:
5412:
5410:
5408:
4509:
8625:– US Government film on the paradrop during the Normandy landings
7712:"British Normandy Memorial unveiled in France to honour veterans"
7244:] (in French). Paris: Amicale des anciens parachutistes SAS.
6791:
6789:
6378:
3982:
3710:
2257:
2183:
2154:
8433:
The Fighting First: The Untold Story of The Big Red One on D-Day
7734:. Mémorial Pegasus D-Day Commemoration Committee. Archived from
6470:
6468:
4047:
and his 1st Special Service Brigade arrived in the second wave,
3802:
The Rangers fended off numerous counter-attacks from the German
3165:
dealt with cutting underground telephone and teleprinter cables.
2888:, 6 June 1944. An armoured bridgelayer tank is in the background
2473:. At 7,000 troops, the division was significantly understrength.
10037:
8628:
8050:. Osprey Campaign Series. Vol. 1. Botley, Oxford: Osprey.
7880:. Vol. I. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press.
7223:. The Second World War. Vol. V. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
6132:
5751:
5405:
5065:
4765:
4763:
3532:
3292:
3284:
3220:
2590:
2548:
2358:(non-German conscripts recruited from Soviet prisoners of war).
2146:
2031:
2027:
1718:
240:
7032:
6825:
6801:
6786:
6747:
6639:
6591:
6540:
6504:
6492:
6441:
6000:
5913:
5299:
5297:
3231:
Naval operations for the invasion were described by historian
3100:
3045:
British I Corps, commanded by Lieutenant General John Crocker
2165:
Germany had at its disposal fifty divisions in France and the
2099:
10225:
8275:
Six Armies in Normandy: From D-Day to the Liberation of Paris
6465:
6318:
5852:
5850:
5217:
3727:
3244:
3215:
2379:
Americans assaulting Omaha Beach faced the following troops:
1993:
1976:
1887:
7442:
Normandy: From D-Day to the Breakout: June 6 – July 31, 1944
7177:
Bodyguard of Lies: The Extraordinary True Story Behind D-Day
6873:
6453:
6402:
6221:
6219:
5534:
5532:
5530:
5517:
5515:
5502:
5500:
5433:
5431:
5429:
5427:
5425:
5195:
5193:
5168:
5166:
5164:
5162:
5160:
5158:
5156:
5154:
5118:
5108:
5106:
5104:
4992:
4990:
4792:
4760:
1929:
was the name assigned to the establishment of a large-scale
8133:
Dolski, Michael; Edwards, Sam; Buckley, John, eds. (2014).
7281:"D-Day and the Battle of Normandy: Your Questions Answered"
7068:
6813:
6581:
6579:
6255:
5691:
5460:
5458:
5294:
5248:
5246:
5244:
5141:
5139:
5137:
5135:
5133:
4666:
4664:
4662:
4608:
4572:
4470:
4241:, a rehearsal for the landings that resulted in many deaths
3527:
3255:
in 1942, and one of the two fleets carrying troops for the
2023:
1997:
Shoulder patches were designed for units of the fictitious
1722:
12648:
Naval battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom
8593:
Documents on World War II: D-Day, The Invasion of Normandy
7056:
7020:
6960:
6890:
6888:
6687:
6675:
6627:
6615:
6564:
6528:
6516:
6480:
6291:
6231:
6144:
6120:
6072:
6048:
6036:
6012:
5976:
5937:
5862:
5847:
5763:
5727:
5679:
5667:
5077:
5007:
5005:
4929:
4927:
4914:
4912:
4910:
4908:
4906:
4881:
4879:
4723:
4721:
4719:
4717:
4715:
4700:
4487:
4485:
3295:
available, and all the approaches had been heavily mined.
3095:
3041:
3001:
2822:
904:
8228:
Normandy '44: D-Day and the Epic 77-Day Battle for France
7654:
History of United States Naval Operations in World War II
7080:
7044:
6984:
6861:
6764:
6762:
6390:
6308:
6306:
6216:
5966:
5964:
5891:
5889:
5739:
5643:
5544:
5527:
5512:
5497:
5422:
5229:
5190:
5151:
5101:
5089:
4987:
4975:
4536:
4092:
4075:
was captured after about an hour of fighting. The nearby
3650:
3468:
1569:
and associated airborne operations on 6 June 1944 of the
12493:
7110:
D-Day June 6, 1944: The Climactic Battle of World War II
6576:
6419:
6417:
6279:
6168:
6060:
5901:
5655:
5455:
5369:
5345:
5241:
5178:
5130:
5053:
4891:
4840:
4659:
4647:
4637:
4635:
4596:
4560:
4448:
4446:
4416:
2149:, and men in many units were given leave. Field Marshal
1709:
at each of the five landing sites on the first day, but
1652:. The early morning aerial assault was soon followed by
12583:
Battles and operations of World War II involving Poland
6885:
5823:
5443:
5381:
5282:
5205:
5029:
5002:
4924:
4903:
4876:
4852:
4816:
4804:
4733:
4712:
4620:
4482:
4377:
3169:
The resistance was alerted to carry out these tasks by
2712:
Commander, 21st Army Group: General Bernard Montgomery
9290:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
7279:
7008:
6996:
6972:
6948:
6912:
6837:
6774:
6759:
6735:
6723:
6711:
6699:
6651:
6603:
6552:
6366:
6342:
6330:
6303:
6180:
6156:
6108:
6084:
5961:
5925:
5886:
5799:
5775:
5703:
5487:
5485:
4750:
4748:
4688:
4530:
4367:
4365:
4340:
4338:
4325:
4323:
4321:
4319:
3628:
Regiment. They were then reinforced by members of the
2413:
726th Infantry Regiment (from 716th Infantry Division)
2215:
1st SS Panzer Division "Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler"
8158:
D-Day in Numbers: The Facts Behind Operation Overlord
7559:
Men of Steel: Canadian Paratroopers in Normandy, 1944
7527:"D-Day: Exploding the myths of the Normandy landings"
7502:
7368:
The Heroines of SOE: Britain's Secret Women in France
7342:
Victory in the West, Volume I: The Battle of Normandy
6936:
6924:
6849:
6429:
6414:
6354:
6210:
6096:
6024:
5988:
5949:
5874:
5811:
5721:
5637:
5592:
5568:
5556:
5393:
5333:
5321:
5309:
5276:
5047:
5017:
4963:
4864:
4676:
4632:
4443:
4406:
4404:
12598:
Battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom
8411:
Tute, Warren; Costello, John; Hughes, Terry (1975).
8132:
5580:
5357:
5258:
4951:
4828:
4548:
4497:
4350:
3314:
off Sword Beach but missing the British battleships
1748:
began pressing his new allies for the creation of a
12603:
Battles of World War II involving the United States
6900:
5616:
5482:
5470:
4745:
4362:
4335:
4316:
3891:were disabled by direct hits from the cruisers HMS
3503:The US airborne landings began with the arrival of
3441:6 miles (9.7 km) to the east, and destroy the
3144:
was a 15-day operation to sabotage the rail system.
1865:The Allies considered four sites for the landings:
12563:Amphibious operations involving the United Kingdom
8612:is available for free viewing and download at the
8602:Lt. General Omar Bradley's June 6, 1944 D-Day Maps
8410:
8199:
7693:The Armoured Campaign in Normandy June–August 1944
7332:
7107:
4437:
4401:
1694:and covered with obstacles such as wooden stakes,
12568:Amphibious operations involving the United States
7900:A World at Arms: A Global History of World War II
5835:
4939:
4389:
4276:
4129:. A museum about the Utah landings is located at
869:4,000–9,000 killed, wounded, missing, or captured
81:Taxis to Hell – and Back – Into the Jaws of Death
12539:
8263:Dawn of D-Day: These Men Were There, 6 June 1944
8020:Juno Beach: Canada's D-Day Victory: June 6, 1944
3875:British troops come ashore at Jig Green sector,
3614:capture of the Caen canal and Orne river bridges
3196:List of Allied warships in the Normandy landings
273:
8001:Rangers Lead the Way: Pointe-du-Hoc, D-Day 1944
7803:
7728:"Pegasus Bridge: The Bridge of the Longest Day"
6879:
4257:
3291:and patrol boats. The Germans also had several
3118:État-major des Forces Françaises de l'Intérieur
1908:Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force
1816:Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force
12643:Naval battles of World War II involving Poland
12638:Naval battles of World War II involving Canada
12628:Military history of Canada during World War II
3626:Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry
2710:Commander, SHAEF: General Dwight D. Eisenhower
2698:List of Allied forces in the Normandy campaign
357:
182:Five Allied beachheads established in Normandy
12479:
11949:
8644:
7976:
7193:
4798:
4476:
4247:, the only woman to land at Normandy on D-Day
3616:via a glider assault at 00:16 (since renamed
3108:and the US 82nd Airborne division during the
2868:
1629:in anticipation of an invasion. US President
890:
327:
300:
11964:Primary articles on the Battle of Normandy,
8571:Complete Broadcast Day: D-Day (June 6, 1944)
8508:Air Chief Marshal Sir Trafford Leigh-Mallory
8493:"The Assault Phase of the Normandy Landings"
8244:Normandy '44 D-Day and the Battle for France
7943:. Ware, Hertfordshire: Wordsworth Editions.
7785:"D-Day: In the words of the BBC journalists"
7726:
7709:
7287:. Portsmouth Museum Services. Archived from
7086:
7050:
4112:
3765:US Rangers scaling the wall at Pointe du Hoc
3151:dealt with destroying electrical facilities.
2238:
12256:American logistics in the Normandy campaign
8182:Overlord: D-Day and the Battle for Normandy
8137:. Denton: University of North Texas Press.
8070:The Normandy Campaign: 1944: Sixty Years On
8048:Normandy 1944: Allied Landings and Breakout
7674:Strategy for Defeat: The Luftwaffe, 1933–45
4031:British troops take cover after landing on
3657:Only 160 men out of the 600 members of the
2041:operators deployed dummy paratroopers over
1783:had been won. The Allies then launched the
1690:overlooking the beaches, and the shore was
12486:
12472:
12453:Weather forecasting for Operation Overlord
12261:British logistics in the Normandy campaign
11956:
11942:
8651:
8637:
8450:
8110:
7612:
7540:Eagle in Flames: The Fall of the Luftwaffe
7420:
7370:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: History Press.
7062:
7038:
7026:
6990:
6966:
6831:
6807:
6795:
6753:
6681:
6669:
6645:
6597:
6570:
6546:
6534:
6522:
6510:
6498:
6486:
6474:
6459:
6447:
6408:
6396:
6384:
6324:
6297:
6273:
6249:
6237:
6225:
6198:
6150:
6138:
6126:
6042:
6018:
6006:
5982:
5943:
5919:
5868:
5856:
5793:
5769:
5745:
5685:
5673:
5550:
5538:
5521:
5506:
5464:
5437:
5375:
5303:
5252:
5235:
5223:
5199:
5184:
5172:
5145:
5124:
5112:
5095:
5059:
4996:
4670:
4614:
4578:
4566:
4542:
4464:
4422:
4383:
2087:Weather forecasting for Operation Overlord
2065:. A similar deception was undertaken near
897:
883:
92:wading ashore from their landing craft on
8543:at the US Army Center of Military History
8313:
8093:D-Day: 6 June 1944: The Normandy Landings
7984:. Fortress 34. Oxford; New York: Osprey.
7916:
7902:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
7836:. Australian War Memorial. Archived from
7336:; Allen, G.R.G.; Warhurst, A.E. (2004) .
7215:
6867:
6585:
6285:
6261:
5757:
5661:
5649:
5449:
5416:
5387:
5288:
5211:
4933:
4918:
4885:
4858:
4769:
4727:
4706:
4602:
4491:
3930:and captured it the following day in the
3700:Map of the beaches and first day advances
3612:The first Allied action of D-Day was the
2691:
2506:, plus supporting infantry and artillery.
2182:In early 1944, the German Western Front (
2160:
1779:were already stationed. By mid-1943, the
1752:in western Europe. In late May 1942, the
388:
12593:Battles of World War II involving France
12588:Battles of World War II involving Canada
8429:
8175:
7894:
7485:The Second World War: A Complete History
7439:
7411:
5035:
4822:
4810:
4739:
4554:
4091:
4026:
3963:
3870:
3824:
3760:
3726:
3695:
3680:, who landed on Sword Beach, and by the
3634:7th (Light Infantry) Parachute Battalion
3599:
3490:
3355:
3214:
3199:
3099:
2872:
2701:
2577:
2547:
2509:100th Panzer Regiment (at Falaise under
2190:(24 December 1943 – 17 April 1944), the
2122:(RAF) met Eisenhower on the evening of 4
2098:
1992:
1895:. A series of modified tanks, nicknamed
1809:
860:10,000+ casualties; 4,414 confirmed dead
342:
245:
27:World War II landing operation in Europe
8257:
8222:
8086:
8064:
8017:
7872:
7824:
7648:
7631:
7575:
7521:
7478:
7440:Francois, Dominique (13 October 2013).
7303:
7152:
7102:
7074:
6894:
5697:
5611:Special Operations Research Office 1965
5562:
5491:
5476:
5083:
5071:
4897:
4846:
4694:
4653:
4452:
4410:
4211:Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial
4123:Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial
3740:nearby rather than two, and bombers of
3585:
3096:Coordination with the French Resistance
14:
12558:Amphibious operations involving Canada
12540:
11996:American airborne landings in Normandy
10505:
10483:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
8381:
8361:
8291:
8269:
8206:The Invasion of Normandy, June 6, 1944
8045:
7998:
7935:
7752:A Study of Rear Area Security Measures
7690:
7668:
7617:. Philadelphia; Oxford, UK: Casemate.
7578:The Journal of Slavic Military Studies
7537:
7458:
7362:
7199:Sand and Steel: A New History of D-Day
7128:
7014:
7002:
6978:
6954:
6918:
6855:
6843:
6819:
6780:
6768:
6741:
6729:
6717:
6705:
6693:
6657:
6633:
6621:
6609:
6558:
6435:
6423:
6372:
6360:
6348:
6336:
6312:
6186:
6174:
6162:
6114:
6102:
6090:
6078:
6066:
6054:
6030:
5994:
5970:
5955:
5931:
5907:
5895:
5880:
5805:
5781:
5733:
5709:
5598:
5586:
5574:
5399:
5339:
5327:
5315:
5264:
5023:
5011:
4981:
4969:
4957:
4870:
4786:
4754:
4682:
4641:
4626:
4590:
4503:
4395:
4371:
4356:
4344:
4329:
3487:American airborne landings in Normandy
3410:
2407:915th Grenadier Regiment (as reserves)
12573:Amphibious operations of World War II
12467:
11937:
11361:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
10786:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
10432:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
10388:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
9486:Rape during the occupation of Germany
8632:
8609:Big Picture: D-Day Convoy to Normandy
8536:. 31 August 1944. pp. 4043–4054.
8151:
8022:. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre.
7852:
7758:
7421:Ford, Ken; Zaloga, Steven J. (2009).
7384:
7256:
7235:
7171:
6942:
6930:
5829:
5817:
5363:
5351:
4945:
4834:
4055:, Lovat's personal piper. Members of
3684:, who arrived in gliders at 21:00 in
2945:50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division
2516:125th Panzergrenadier Regiment(under
2446:
2325:
1818:(SHAEF), 1 February 1944. Front row:
1686:The men landed under heavy fire from
1650:British, and Canadian airborne troops
878:
10476:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
9501:Rape during the liberation of France
8337:
7962:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
7957:
7782:
7556:
6906:
5841:
5622:
4096:Situation map for 24:00, 6 June 1944
2907:to the operation included a regular
2674:
2374:
2206:SS Panzer Divisions, as well as the
8577:, available at the Internet Archive
8527:"Awards bestowed by King George VI"
7320:from the original on 8 January 2020
7153:Bickers, Richard Townshend (1994).
6211:Goldstein, Dillon & Wenger 1994
5722:Goldstein, Dillon & Wenger 1994
5638:Goldstein, Dillon & Wenger 1994
5277:Goldstein, Dillon & Wenger 1994
5048:Goldstein, Dillon & Wenger 1994
3608:glider is examined by German troops
2567: Allies and occupied countries
1773:Mediterranean Theatre of Operations
24:
12049:Greenline, Pomegranate and Express
10702:German invasion of the Netherlands
8975:Weather events during World War II
8566:Naval History and Heritage Command
8347:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
8038:
7114:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
4225:Commonwealth War Graves Commission
4165:Bény-sur-Mer Canadian War Cemetery
3780:, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel
3009:, commanded by Lieutenant General
2933:, commanded by Lieutenant General
2706:D-day assault routes into Normandy
2670:all of Germany within a few days.
2352:numbered 12,320 men, many of them
2235:2nd SS Panzer Division "Das Reich"
2194:was forced to transfer the entire
1982:
1705:The Allies were able to establish
36:Operation Neptune (disambiguation)
25:
12664:
11340:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
8475:
4593:, pp. 177–178, chart p. 180.
3691:
3189:
2561: Axis and occupied countries
1021:Caen canal and Orne river bridges
12025:Capture of Caen and Orne bridges
11900:
8658:
8534:Supplement to the London Gazette
8519:Supplement to the London Gazette
8500:Supplement to The London Gazette
8161:. London: Michael O'Mara Books.
8118:. London: William Collins Sons.
7982:D-Day Fortifications in Normandy
7505:D-Day: The Story and Photographs
4438:Ellis, Allen & Warhurst 2004
4289:
4202:
4196:Bayeux Commonwealth war cemetery
4187:
4171:
4156:
4081:King's Shropshire Light Infantry
4008:advanced to within sight of the
3913:Armoured Vehicle Royal Engineers
3756:
3671:1st Canadian Parachute Battalion
3480:
3437:, destroy five bridges over the
3080:
3062:
3048:
3040:
3015:
3000:
2966:
2956:
2939:
2925:
2850:
2836:
2821:
2796:
2782:
2768:
2754:
2740:
2533:
2484:
2456:
2384:
2335:
2233:Panzer divisions, alongside the
788:
758:
679:
603:
578:
566:
554:
542:
530:
518:
506:
488:
476:
464:
452:
440:
428:
415:
390:
373:
359:
344:
329:
316:
302:
289:
275:
261:
247:
233:
220:
207:
84:, an iconic image of men of the
73:
12443:People of Western Europe speech
12364:Military cemeteries in Normandy
8072:. London; New York: Routledge.
7507:. McLean, Virginia: Brassey's.
7444:. Minneapolis: Voyageur Press.
7346:History of the Second World War
7304:Douthit, Howard L. III (1988).
7095:
4267:
3926:moved toward the small port at
3298:
2526:155th Panzer Artillery Regiment
2198:from France, consisting of the
959:Taxable, Glimmer & Big Drum
12613:Invasions by the United States
12438:June 6, 1944, order of the day
11587:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945
9283:Territorial changes of Germany
9191:Indonesian National Revolution
8561:Allied veterans remember D-Day
7853:Traub, Alex (2 January 2024).
7806:"The German Response to D-Day"
7710:O'Connor, Mary (6 June 2021).
7179:. Guilford, CT: Globe Pequot.
7135:D-Day: The Battle for Normandy
4071:The 'Morris' strongpoint near
4016:
3924:No. 47 (Royal Marine) Commando
3814:
3667:Battle of Merville Gun Battery
3449:paratroopers from the British
3351:
2523:192nd Panzergrenadier Regiment
2511:Hermann von Oppeln-Bronikowski
2462:716th Static Infantry Division
2341:709th Static Infantry Division
2256:West (Supreme Commander West;
2016:First United States Army Group
1999:First United States Army Group
1787:in July 1943 and subsequently
822:Gold, Juno, and Sword Beaches:
724:3rd Canadian Infantry Division
13:
1:
10980:Japanese invasion of Thailand
10931:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
10695:German invasion of Luxembourg
9069:Mediterranean and Middle East
7958:Yung, Christopher D. (2006).
7695:. Stroud: The History Press.
7138:. New York; Toronto: Viking.
4305:
4045:Simon Fraser, 15th Lord Lovat
4006:9th Canadian Infantry Brigade
3953:
3860:
3716:
3499:on the evening of 6 June 1944
3122:French Forces of the Interior
2829:, commanded by Major General
2748:, commanded by Major General
2290:: Field Marshal Erwin Rommel
2069:in the Pas de Calais area by
1921:
1728:
1657:
1637:in command of Allied forces.
96:on the morning of 6 June 1944
12197:
12193:
10887:Invasion of the Soviet Union
10576:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
9887:Independent State of Croatia
8320:The Battle of Normandy, 1944
8230:. New York: Grove Atlantic.
7590:10.1080/13518046.2015.998134
7425:. Oxford; New York: Osprey.
7423:Overlord: The D-Day Landings
4310:
4180:La Cambe German war cemetery
4087:
3204:D-Day planning map, used at
3126:Special Operations Executive
2977:47th (Royal Marine) Commando
2188:Dnieper–Carpathian offensive
2057:dropped strips of "window",
1882:threats against the port of
1789:invaded the Italian mainland
7:
12273:(Pipe-Line Under The Ocean)
11878:End of World War II in Asia
11718:Western invasion of Germany
11225:Chinese famine of 1942–1943
11202:Second Battle of El Alamein
10765:Hundred Regiments Offensive
10737:Battle of the Mediterranean
10590:Italian invasion of Albania
8757:Air warfare of World War II
8451:Zetterling, Niklas (2000).
8436:. Boulder: Westview Press.
8208:. Mason City, Iowa: Savas.
7542:. London: Arms and Armour.
7459:Garner, Tom (4 June 2019).
4467:, pp. 60, 63, 118–120.
4218:
3678:1st Special Service Brigade
3348:, a 173-foot patrol craft.
3128:orchestrated a campaign of
2715:
1914:was named commander of the
10:
12669:
11804:Naval bombardment of Japan
11165:First Battle of El Alamein
11084:Battle of Christmas Island
11029:Japanese invasion of Burma
10793:Italian invasion of Greece
10709:German invasion of Belgium
10681:German invasion of Denmark
10654:1939–1940 Winter Offensive
10523:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
8780:Comparative military ranks
8582:D-Day to D plus 3 (33m19s)
8489:Admiral Sir Bertram Ramsay
8457:J.J. Fedorowicz Publishing
8369:. Ottawa: King's Printer.
8297:D-Day: The Soldiers' Story
7999:Zaloga, Steven J. (2009).
7917:Whitmarsh, Andrew (2009).
7613:Margaritis, Peter (2019).
7561:. Toronto: Dundurn Press.
7461:"D-Day's forgotten Greeks"
4789:, Map, inside front cover.
4531:Portsmouth Museum Services
4020:
3957:
3864:
3818:
3720:
3589:
3554:Reinforcements arrived by
3484:
3193:
3068:6th Airborne Division (UK)
2994:Juno Beach order of battle
2991:
2909:Royal Australian Air Force
2869:British and Canadian zones
2695:
2660:German armaments minister
2635:air offensive over Germany
2629:. Tangles of barbed wire,
2537:
2502:included 146 tanks and 50
2350:Karl-Wilhelm von Schlieben
2278:Leo Geyr von Schweppenburg
2246:German Supreme commander:
2084:
2080:
1986:
1855:Sir Trafford Leigh-Mallory
1721:remained in German hands.
1654:Allied amphibious landings
1646:landing of 24,000 American
850:170 coastal artillery guns
29:
12502:
12410:Allied forces in Normandy
12372:
12336:
12285:
12248:
12191:
12126:
11976:
11893:
11725:Bratislava–Brno offensive
11665:
11656:Dutch famine of 1944–1945
11393:
11280:Allied invasion of Sicily
11234:
11133:Aleutian Islands campaign
11105:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
11052:
11043:Greek famine of 1941–1944
10938:Second Battle of Changsha
10843:German invasion of Greece
10811:
10688:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang
10663:
10601:
10496:
10377:
10103:
10013:
9854:
9557:
9548:
9306:
9131:
9023:North and Central Pacific
8984:
8746:
8739:
8666:
7921:. Stroud: History Press.
7676:. Washington: Brassey's.
7634:"South Africans in D-Day"
4477:Zaloga & Johnson 2005
4213:, overlooking Omaha Beach
4149:British Normandy Memorial
4113:War memorials and tourism
3934:. Company Sergeant Major
3887:large emplacement at the
3445:overlooking Sword Beach.
3132:to be implemented by the
3116:Through the London-based
2896:: Lieutenant General Sir
2479:1716th Artillery Regiment
2239:
2018:under Lieutenant General
1589:and often referred to as
966:Combined Bomber Offensive
918:
854:
837:
593:
561:L. Geyr von Schweppenburg
404:
190:
100:
72:
56:
51:
11317:Allied invasion of Italy
11294:Solomon Islands campaign
11036:Third Battle of Changsha
10633:First Battle of Changsha
10539:Second Sino-Japanese War
9472:German military brothels
9338:United States war crimes
8430:Whitlock, Flint (2004).
8200:Holderfield, Randal J.;
8046:Badsey, Stephen (1990).
7980:; Johnson, Hugh (2005).
7691:Napier, Stephen (2015).
7538:Hooton, Edward (1999) .
7385:Flint, Edward R (2009).
6276:, pp. 158–159, 164.
6252:, pp. 131, 160–161.
5796:, pp. 125, 128–129.
5074:, pp. 227–228, 235.
4251:
4234:crossword security alarm
3944:Royal Hampshire Regiment
3932:Battle of Port-en-Bessin
3829:US assault troops in an
3804:914th Grenadier Regiment
3704:
3517:IX Troop Carrier Command
3269:Western Naval Task Force
3253:invasion of North Africa
2596:Alarmed by the raids on
2439:352nd Artillery Regiment
2436:916th Grenadier Regiment
2433:915th Grenadier Regiment
2430:914th Grenadier Regiment
2416:352nd Artillery Regiment
2410:916th Grenadier Regiment
2404:914th Grenadier Regiment
2367:919th Grenadier Regiment
2364:739th Grenadier Regiment
2361:729th Grenadier Regiment
2104:Surface weather analysis
2022:, supposedly located in
1781:campaign in North Africa
1738:invaded the Soviet Union
90:US 1st Infantry Division
11739:Second Guangxi campaign
11594:Philippines (1944–1945)
11091:Battle of the Coral Sea
10994:Fall of the Philippines
10640:Battle of South Guangxi
10546:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
9945:Italian Social Republic
8547:Neptune Operations Plan
8299:. London: John Murray.
7941:The Struggle For Europe
7830:"Australians and D-Day"
4284:National D-Day Memorial
3907:facing east to provide
3889:Longues-sur-Mer battery
2905:Australian contribution
2833:, making up 34,250 men
2802:101st Airborne Division
2573: Neutral countries
2476:736th Infantry Regiment
2390:352nd Infantry Division
2208:349th Infantry Division
1764:persuaded US President
1700:house-to-house fighting
1656:on the coast of France
845:195,700 naval personnel
807:352nd Infantry Division
668:101st Airborne Division
12390:D-Day naval deceptions
11324:Armistice of Cassibile
11119:Battle of Dutch Harbor
11070:Battle of the Java Sea
10973:Attack on Pearl Harbor
10873:Syria–Lebanon campaign
10866:Battle of South Shanxi
10836:Invasion of Yugoslavia
10619:Battle of the Atlantic
10233:Korean Liberation Army
9939:(until September 1943)
9896:(until September 1944)
9874:(until September 1944)
8018:Zuehlke, Mark (2004).
7765:Inside the Third Reich
7636:. South African Legion
7201:. London: Hutchinson.
7157:. London: Leo Cooper.
7063:Ford & Zaloga 2009
7039:Ford & Zaloga 2009
7027:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6991:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6967:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6832:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6808:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6796:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6754:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6682:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6670:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6646:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6598:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6571:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6547:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6535:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6523:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6511:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6499:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6487:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6475:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6460:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6448:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6409:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6397:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6387:, pp. 64–65, 334.
6385:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6325:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6298:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6274:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6250:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6238:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6226:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6199:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6151:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6139:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6127:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6043:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6019:Ford & Zaloga 2009
6007:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5983:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5944:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5920:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5869:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5857:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5794:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5770:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5746:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5686:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5674:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5551:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5539:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5522:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5507:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5465:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5438:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5376:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5304:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5253:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5200:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5185:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5173:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5146:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5125:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5113:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5096:Ford & Zaloga 2009
5060:Ford & Zaloga 2009
4997:Ford & Zaloga 2009
4671:Ford & Zaloga 2009
4615:Ford & Zaloga 2009
4579:Ford & Zaloga 2009
4567:Ford & Zaloga 2009
4543:Ford & Zaloga 2009
4465:Ford & Zaloga 2009
4423:Ford & Zaloga 2009
4384:Ford & Zaloga 2009
4097:
4036:
3973:
3882:The first landings on
3879:
3843:29th Infantry Division
3838:
3766:
3747:Theodore Roosevelt Jr.
3732:
3701:
3682:6th Airlanding Brigade
3609:
3513:Douglas C-47 Skytrains
3500:
3497:Douglas C-47 Skytrains
3478:
3427:91st Infantry Division
3361:
3228:
3212:
3113:
3086:79th Armoured Division
2911:(RAAF) squadron, nine
2889:
2878:Royal Marine Commandos
2856:29th Infantry Division
2788:90th Infantry Division
2774:82nd Airborne Division
2707:
2692:Allied order of battle
2672:
2593:
2575:
2310:General der Artillerie
2161:German order of battle
2111:
2006:
1989:D-Day naval deceptions
1862:
1837:Sir Bernard Montgomery
1428:Air and Sea operations
1221:Anglo-Canadian Sector
1100:Anglo-Canadian Sector
706:50th Infantry Division
663:90th Infantry Division
658:82nd Airborne Division
635:29th Infantry Division
471:Trafford Leigh-Mallory
405:Commanders and leaders
110:; 80 years ago
86:16th Infantry Regiment
32:D-Day (disambiguation)
11488:Second Battle of Guam
11384:Bengal famine of 1943
11354:Second Battle of Kiev
11310:Battle of the Dnieper
11179:Kokoda Track campaign
11008:Battle of Wake Island
10880:East African campaign
10822:Battle of South Henan
10467:atrocities by Germans
10240:Korean Volunteer Army
9214:Occupation of Germany
8968:Music in World War II
8541:The Normandy Invasion
8502:. pp. 5109–5124.
8415:. London: Pan Books.
8382:Stacey, C.P. (1960).
8277:. New York: Penguin.
7783:Staff (5 June 2014).
7650:Morison, Samuel Eliot
7632:Meadows, Ian (2016).
7488:. New York: H. Holt.
7257:Corta, Henry (1997).
7236:Corta, Henry (1952).
5760:, pp. 51–52, 69.
4095:
4077:'Hillman' strongpoint
4030:
3967:
3874:
3828:
3764:
3737:8th Infantry Regiment
3730:
3699:
3638:3rd Parachute Brigade
3630:5th Parachute Brigade
3603:
3494:
3473:
3359:
3218:
3203:
3103:
3054:3rd Infantry Division
3021:3rd Canadian Division
2962:56th Infantry Brigade
2882:3rd Infantry Division
2876:
2842:1st Infantry Division
2760:4th Infantry Division
2724:: Lieutenant General
2705:
2667:
2581:
2551:
2102:
1996:
1962:and the Canadians at
1857:; Lieutenant General
1813:
1766:Franklin D. Roosevelt
1633:placed Major General
1631:Franklin D. Roosevelt
1460:Supporting operations
855:Casualties and losses
827:716th Static Division
817:709th Static Division
745:6th Airborne Division
740:3rd Infantry Division
653:4th Infantry Division
630:1st Infantry Division
12160:(Canada, Poland, US)
12113:(Canada, Poland, UK)
12107:(Canada, Poland, UK)
11774:Surrender of Germany
11252:Battle of West Hubei
11209:Guadalcanal campaign
11172:Battle of Stalingrad
11098:Battle of Madagascar
9865:Albania protectorate
9652:(formerly Swaziland)
9361:Wehrmacht war crimes
9177:Expulsion of Germans
8961:Art and World War II
8859:British contribution
8808:Governments in exile
8557:at Naval-History.Net
7919:D-Day in Photographs
7732:memorial-pegasus.org
7557:Horn, Bernd (2010).
7195:Caddick-Adams, Peter
6822:, pp. 143, 148.
6141:, pp. 228, 230.
4131:Sainte-Marie-du-Mont
3847:741st Tank Battalion
3808:743rd Tank Battalion
3778:2nd Ranger Battalion
3586:British and Canadian
3443:Merville Gun Battery
3259:the following year.
3239:, who had served as
3219:Large landing craft
3175:BBC's French service
2972:8th Armoured Brigade
2913:Article XV squadrons
2790:: Brigadier General
2490:21st Panzer Division
2071:No. 218 Squadron RAF
2055:No. 617 Squadron RAF
1936:Operation Pointblank
1873:, Normandy, and the
1853:; Air Chief Marshal
1830:Dwight D. Eisenhower
1793:Battle of Stalingrad
1635:Dwight D. Eisenhower
1597:liberation of France
912:(Battle of Normandy)
777:21st Panzer Division
422:Dwight D. Eisenhower
12421:Operation Bodyguard
12415:Liberation of Paris
11864:Potsdam Declaration
11753:Italy (Spring 1945)
11516:Liberation of Paris
10966:Siege of Sevastopol
9977:(until August 1944)
9880:Wang Jingwei regime
9702:from September 1943
9662:from September 1944
9600:from September 1944
9460:Romanian war crimes
9451:Persecution of Jews
9437:Croatian war crimes
9407:Japanese war crimes
9221:Occupation of Japan
9170:First Indochina War
8882:Military production
8794:Declarations of war
8491:(30 October 1947).
8398:on 21 December 2020
8323:. London: Cassell.
8202:Varhola, Michael J.
8096:. London: Cassell.
7874:Weigley, Russell F.
7810:Imperial War Museum
7414:The Washington Post
7173:Brown, Anthony Cave
7077:, pp. 349–350.
7041:, pp. 346–348.
6880:Imperial War Museum
6834:, pp. 326–327.
6810:, pp. 248–249.
6798:, pp. 244–245.
6756:, pp. 239–240.
6696:, pp. 133–135.
6672:, Map, pp. 314–315.
6648:, pp. 312–313.
6636:, pp. 274–275.
6624:, pp. 272–273.
6600:, pp. 289–290.
6549:, pp. 298–299.
6513:, pp. 281–282.
6501:, pp. 276–277.
6450:, pp. 333–334.
6201:, Map, pp. 216–217.
6081:, pp. 238–239.
6009:, pp. 149–150.
5922:, pp. 166–167.
5736:, pp. 81, 117.
5700:, pp. 136–137.
5354:, pp. 483–484.
5226:, pp. 414–418.
5086:, pp. 224–225.
4984:, pp. 224–226.
4772:, pp. 592–593.
4440:, pp. 521–533.
4073:Colleville-sur-Orne
3990:Courseulles-sur-Mer
3418:airborne operations
3411:Airborne operations
3365:Bombing of Normandy
3287:, and 35 auxiliary
3173:transmitted by the
3171:messages personnels
2860:Charles H. Gerhardt
2846:Clarence R. Huebner
2307:LXXXIV Corps under
2192:German High Command
2039:Special Air Service
2011:Operation Fortitude
1940:Operation Bodyguard
1859:Walter Bedell Smith
1612:Operation Bodyguard
149: /
12653:Operation Overlord
12623:Landing operations
12497:bombardment groups
12448:Rommel's asparagus
12432:Operation Jedburgh
12277:Operation Chastity
11857:Surrender of Japan
11690:Battle of Iwo Jima
11539:Belgrade offensive
10945:Siege of Leningrad
10829:Battle of Shanggao
10758:British Somaliland
10723:Dunkirk evacuation
10674:Norwegian campaign
10612:Invasion of Poland
10439:Japanese prisoners
9400:Italian war crimes
9331:British war crimes
9246:Soviet occupations
9030:South-West Pacific
8917:Allied cooperation
8875:Military equipment
8552:Naval details for
8510:(2 January 1947).
8484:(YouTube, 1:22:15)
8265:. London: Collins.
8185:. London: Joseph.
8003:. Oxford: Osprey.
7768:. New York: Avon.
7670:Murray, Williamson
7217:Churchill, Winston
6477:, pp. 56, 83.
6327:, pp. 95–104.
6057:, p. 246–247.
5127:, pp. 60, 63.
4799:Caddick-Adams 2019
4127:Colleville-sur-Mer
4098:
4037:
4010:Carpiquet airfield
3974:
3938:received the only
3880:
3839:
3831:LCVP landing craft
3767:
3733:
3711:Duplex-Drive tanks
3702:
3610:
3549:Sainte-Mère-Église
3535:terrain, with its
3501:
3362:
3257:invasion of Sicily
3249:Dunkirk evacuation
3229:
3213:
3114:
3110:Battle of Normandy
2890:
2708:
2655:Rommel's asparagus
2594:
2576:
2492:, (south of Caen)
2447:Forces around Caen
2326:Cotentin Peninsula
2303:Friedrich Dollmann
2262:Gerd von Rundstedt
2196:II SS Panzer Corps
2112:
2007:
1927:Operation Overlord
1912:Bernard Montgomery
1879:continental Europe
1871:Cotentin Peninsula
1863:
1851:Sir Bertram Ramsay
1841:Lieutenant General
1797:Trident Conference
1785:invasion of Sicily
1740:in June 1941, the
1608:military deception
1579:Operation Overlord
1567:landing operations
1255:Normandy massacres
1144:Operation Chastity
908:Operation Overlord
573:Friedrich Dollmann
513:Gerd von Rundstedt
459:Bernard Montgomery
59:Operation Overlord
12608:Conflicts in 1944
12548:Operation Neptune
12535:
12534:
12495:Normandy landings
12461:
12460:
12426:Operation Dragoon
12101:(UK 6th Airborne)
11931:
11930:
11889:
11888:
11732:Battle of Okinawa
11631:Burma (1944–1945)
11465:Mariana and Palau
11245:Tunisian campaign
11063:Fall of Singapore
10987:Fall of Hong Kong
10730:Battle of Britain
10583:Operation Himmler
10492:
10491:
10156:Dutch East Indies
9792:Southern Rhodesia
9544:
9543:
9444:Genocide of Serbs
9347:German war crimes
9324:Soviet war crimes
9317:Allied war crimes
9163:Division of Korea
9142:Chinese Civil War
8940:Strategic bombing
8852:Manhattan Project
8621:Dropzone Normandy
8521:. pp. 37–92.
8466:978-0-921991-56-4
8443:978-0-8133-4218-4
8422:978-0-330-24418-3
8354:978-0-671-20814-1
8330:978-0-304-35837-3
8284:978-0-14-023542-5
8237:978-0-8021-4709-7
8215:978-1-882810-45-1
8168:978-1-782-43205-0
8144:978-1-57441-548-3
8125:978-0-00-217056-7
8103:978-1-841-88031-0
8079:978-1-134-20303-1
8057:978-0-85045-921-0
8029:978-1-55365-050-8
8010:978-1-84603-394-0
7991:978-1-4728-0382-5
7969:978-1-59114-997-2
7950:978-1-85326-677-5
7928:978-0-7524-5095-7
7909:978-0-521-55879-2
7896:Weinberg, Gerhard
7887:978-0-253-13333-5
7834:Anniversary talks
7775:978-0-380-00071-5
7702:978-0-7509-6473-9
7683:978-1-57488-125-7
7624:978-1-61200-769-4
7568:978-1-55488-708-8
7549:978-1-86019-995-0
7514:978-0-02-881057-7
7495:978-0-8050-1788-5
7451:978-0-7603-4558-0
7432:978-1-84603-424-4
7377:978-0-7524-5661-4
7355:978-1-84574-058-0
7272:978-2-86323-103-6
7238:Les bérets rouges
7208:978-1-84794-8-281
7186:978-1-59921-383-5
7164:978-0-85052-412-3
7145:978-0-670-02119-2
7121:978-0-671-67334-5
6462:, pp. 90–91.
6411:, pp. 76–77.
6264:, pp. 50–51.
6177:, pp. 56–58.
6069:, pp. 52–53.
5910:, pp. 61–64.
5832:, pp. 65–78.
5613:, pp. 51–52.
5306:, pp. 54–56.
5050:, pp. 16–19.
5014:, pp. 42–43.
4900:, pp. 19–21.
4849:, pp. 71–72.
4709:, pp. 12–13.
4656:, pp. 73–74.
4629:, pp. 33–34.
4617:, pp. 13–14.
4581:, pp. 10–11.
4145:Juno Beach Centre
3998:Bernières-sur-Mer
3742:IX Bomber Command
3686:Operation Mallard
3596:Operation Mallard
3303:At 05:10, German
3281:fast attack craft
3134:French Resistance
3106:French Resistance
2884:move inland from
2806:Maxwell D. Taylor
2764:Raymond O. Barton
2750:J. Lawton Collins
2675:Armoured reserves
2637:had crippled the
2556:, shown in yellow
2500:Edgar Feuchtinger
2375:Grandcamps Sector
2274:Panzer Group West
2260:): Field Marshal
2075:Operation Glimmer
2051:Operation Taxable
1954:. The British at
1904:Quebec Conference
1893:Mulberry harbours
1823:Sir Arthur Tedder
1820:Air Chief Marshal
1805:Tehran Conference
1762:Winston Churchill
1587:Operation Neptune
1563:Normandy landings
1556:
1555:
1412:Mantes-Gassicourt
1076:Normandy landings
873:
872:
381:Southern Rhodesia
186:
185:
52:Normandy landings
18:Operation Neptune
16:(Redirected from
12660:
12618:June 1944 events
12488:
12481:
12474:
12465:
12464:
12434:(France, UK, US)
12428:(France, UK, US)
12400:Hobart's Funnies
12354:Hillman Fortress
12266:Mulberry harbour
12199:
12195:
12192:Landing points (
12170:Merville Battery
12039:(Deception plan)
11958:
11951:
11944:
11935:
11934:
11924:
11917:
11910:
11907:World portal
11905:
11904:
11880:
11873:
11866:
11859:
11850:
11843:
11836:
11827:
11820:
11813:
11806:
11799:
11792:
11783:
11776:
11769:
11767:Prague offensive
11762:
11760:Battle of Berlin
11755:
11748:
11741:
11734:
11727:
11720:
11713:
11706:
11704:Vienna offensive
11699:
11692:
11685:
11683:Battle of Manila
11678:
11658:
11649:
11640:
11633:
11624:
11617:
11610:
11603:
11596:
11589:
11582:
11573:
11564:
11557:
11548:
11541:
11534:
11527:
11518:
11511:
11504:
11497:
11490:
11483:
11476:
11467:
11460:
11451:
11442:
11433:
11426:
11424:Korsun–Cherkassy
11419:
11408:
11386:
11377:
11370:
11363:
11356:
11349:
11342:
11335:
11326:
11319:
11312:
11305:
11296:
11289:
11282:
11275:
11268:
11266:Bombing of Gorky
11261:
11254:
11247:
11227:
11220:
11211:
11204:
11197:
11188:
11181:
11174:
11167:
11160:
11149:
11142:
11135:
11128:
11126:Battle of Midway
11121:
11114:
11112:Battle of Gazala
11107:
11100:
11093:
11086:
11079:
11072:
11065:
11045:
11038:
11031:
11024:
11022:Battle of Borneo
11017:
11015:Malayan campaign
11010:
11003:
10996:
10989:
10982:
10975:
10968:
10961:
10959:Bombing of Gorky
10954:
10952:Battle of Moscow
10947:
10940:
10933:
10926:
10919:
10912:
10896:
10889:
10882:
10875:
10868:
10861:
10852:
10845:
10838:
10831:
10824:
10804:
10795:
10788:
10781:
10774:
10767:
10760:
10753:
10746:
10739:
10732:
10725:
10718:
10716:Battle of France
10711:
10704:
10697:
10690:
10683:
10676:
10656:
10649:
10642:
10635:
10628:
10621:
10614:
10592:
10585:
10578:
10571:
10569:Munich Agreement
10564:
10557:
10548:
10541:
10534:
10525:
10518:
10503:
10502:
10485:
10478:
10469:
10462:
10455:
10454:Soviet prisoners
10448:
10441:
10434:
10425:
10418:
10409:
10402:
10395:
10394:German prisoners
10390:
10370:
10361:
10354:
10347:
10342:
10335:
10328:
10321:
10314:
10307:
10300:
10293:
10286:
10279:
10272:
10265:
10258:
10251:
10242:
10235:
10228:
10221:
10214:
10207:
10200:
10193:
10186:
10179:
10172:
10165:
10158:
10151:
10144:
10137:
10130:
10123:
10116:
10096:
10089:
10082:
10075:
10068:
10061:
10054:
10047:
10040:
10033:
10026:
10006:
9999:
9992:
9985:
9978:
9970:
9963:
9956:
9947:
9940:
9932:
9925:
9923:French Indochina
9918:
9911:
9904:
9897:
9889:
9882:
9875:
9867:
9847:
9838:
9831:
9822:
9815:
9808:
9801:
9794:
9787:
9780:
9773:
9770:from August 1944
9761:
9754:
9747:
9740:
9733:
9726:
9719:
9712:
9705:
9693:
9686:
9679:
9672:
9665:
9653:
9645:
9638:
9631:
9624:
9617:
9610:
9603:
9591:
9584:
9577:
9570:
9555:
9554:
9535:
9528:
9521:
9514:
9507:
9496:
9481:
9474:
9467:
9462:
9453:
9446:
9439:
9430:
9423:
9416:
9414:Nanjing Massacre
9409:
9402:
9393:
9391:Nuremberg trials
9384:
9377:
9370:
9363:
9356:
9349:
9340:
9333:
9326:
9319:
9299:
9292:
9285:
9276:
9269:
9262:
9255:
9248:
9241:
9232:
9223:
9216:
9209:
9202:
9193:
9186:
9179:
9172:
9165:
9158:
9151:
9144:
9124:
9115:
9108:
9101:
9092:
9085:
9078:
9071:
9062:
9055:
9048:
9039:
9032:
9025:
9018:
9011:
9004:
8997:
8995:Asia and Pacific
8977:
8970:
8963:
8956:
8949:
8942:
8935:
8926:
8924:Mulberry harbour
8919:
8912:
8905:
8898:
8891:
8884:
8877:
8870:
8861:
8854:
8847:
8838:
8831:
8824:
8817:
8810:
8803:
8796:
8789:
8782:
8775:
8766:
8759:
8744:
8743:
8732:
8725:
8716:
8709:
8702:
8695:
8688:
8681:
8674:
8653:
8646:
8639:
8630:
8629:
8614:Internet Archive
8583:
8537:
8531:
8522:
8516:
8503:
8497:
8470:
8447:
8426:
8407:
8405:
8403:
8397:
8390:
8378:
8358:
8334:
8315:Neillands, Robin
8310:
8288:
8266:
8246:by Bantam Press
8241:
8219:
8196:
8172:
8148:
8129:
8107:
8088:Collier, Richard
8083:
8061:
8033:
8014:
7995:
7978:Zaloga, Steven J
7973:
7954:
7932:
7913:
7891:
7869:
7867:
7865:
7849:
7847:
7845:
7840:on 26 April 2014
7821:
7819:
7817:
7800:
7798:
7796:
7779:
7755:
7747:
7745:
7743:
7723:
7721:
7719:
7706:
7687:
7665:
7645:
7643:
7641:
7628:
7609:
7572:
7553:
7534:
7518:
7499:
7475:
7473:
7471:
7455:
7436:
7417:
7408:
7381:
7364:Escott, Beryl E.
7359:
7329:
7327:
7325:
7319:
7312:
7300:
7298:
7296:
7285:ddaymuseum.co.uk
7276:
7253:
7232:
7221:Closing the Ring
7212:
7190:
7168:
7155:Air War Normandy
7149:
7125:
7113:
7104:Ambrose, Stephen
7090:
7084:
7078:
7072:
7066:
7060:
7054:
7051:Mémorial Pegasus
7048:
7042:
7036:
7030:
7024:
7018:
7012:
7006:
7000:
6994:
6988:
6982:
6976:
6970:
6964:
6958:
6952:
6946:
6940:
6934:
6928:
6922:
6916:
6910:
6904:
6898:
6892:
6883:
6877:
6871:
6865:
6859:
6853:
6847:
6841:
6835:
6829:
6823:
6817:
6811:
6805:
6799:
6793:
6784:
6778:
6772:
6766:
6757:
6751:
6745:
6739:
6733:
6727:
6721:
6715:
6709:
6703:
6697:
6691:
6685:
6679:
6673:
6667:
6661:
6655:
6649:
6643:
6637:
6631:
6625:
6619:
6613:
6607:
6601:
6595:
6589:
6583:
6574:
6568:
6562:
6556:
6550:
6544:
6538:
6532:
6526:
6520:
6514:
6508:
6502:
6496:
6490:
6484:
6478:
6472:
6463:
6457:
6451:
6445:
6439:
6433:
6427:
6421:
6412:
6406:
6400:
6394:
6388:
6382:
6376:
6370:
6364:
6358:
6352:
6346:
6340:
6334:
6328:
6322:
6316:
6310:
6301:
6295:
6289:
6283:
6277:
6271:
6265:
6259:
6253:
6247:
6241:
6235:
6229:
6223:
6214:
6208:
6202:
6196:
6190:
6184:
6178:
6172:
6166:
6160:
6154:
6148:
6142:
6136:
6130:
6124:
6118:
6112:
6106:
6100:
6094:
6088:
6082:
6076:
6070:
6064:
6058:
6052:
6046:
6040:
6034:
6028:
6022:
6016:
6010:
6004:
5998:
5992:
5986:
5980:
5974:
5968:
5959:
5953:
5947:
5941:
5935:
5929:
5923:
5917:
5911:
5905:
5899:
5893:
5884:
5878:
5872:
5866:
5860:
5854:
5845:
5839:
5833:
5827:
5821:
5815:
5809:
5803:
5797:
5791:
5785:
5779:
5773:
5767:
5761:
5755:
5749:
5743:
5737:
5731:
5725:
5719:
5713:
5707:
5701:
5695:
5689:
5683:
5677:
5671:
5665:
5659:
5653:
5647:
5641:
5635:
5626:
5620:
5614:
5608:
5602:
5596:
5590:
5584:
5578:
5572:
5566:
5560:
5554:
5548:
5542:
5536:
5525:
5519:
5510:
5504:
5495:
5489:
5480:
5474:
5468:
5462:
5453:
5447:
5441:
5435:
5420:
5414:
5403:
5397:
5391:
5385:
5379:
5373:
5367:
5361:
5355:
5349:
5343:
5337:
5331:
5325:
5319:
5313:
5307:
5301:
5292:
5286:
5280:
5274:
5268:
5262:
5256:
5250:
5239:
5233:
5227:
5221:
5215:
5209:
5203:
5197:
5188:
5182:
5176:
5170:
5149:
5143:
5128:
5122:
5116:
5110:
5099:
5093:
5087:
5081:
5075:
5069:
5063:
5057:
5051:
5045:
5039:
5033:
5027:
5021:
5015:
5009:
5000:
4994:
4985:
4979:
4973:
4967:
4961:
4955:
4949:
4943:
4937:
4931:
4922:
4916:
4901:
4895:
4889:
4883:
4874:
4868:
4862:
4856:
4850:
4844:
4838:
4832:
4826:
4820:
4814:
4808:
4802:
4796:
4790:
4784:
4773:
4767:
4758:
4752:
4743:
4737:
4731:
4725:
4710:
4704:
4698:
4692:
4686:
4680:
4674:
4668:
4657:
4651:
4645:
4639:
4630:
4624:
4618:
4612:
4606:
4600:
4594:
4588:
4582:
4576:
4570:
4564:
4558:
4552:
4546:
4540:
4534:
4528:
4507:
4501:
4495:
4489:
4480:
4474:
4468:
4462:
4456:
4450:
4441:
4435:
4426:
4420:
4414:
4408:
4399:
4393:
4387:
4381:
4375:
4369:
4360:
4354:
4348:
4342:
4333:
4327:
4300:
4293:
4287:
4280:
4274:
4271:
4265:
4261:
4206:
4191:
4175:
4160:
4142:
4066:Philippe Kieffer
3994:St Aubin-sur-Mer
3401:and the monitor
3340:submarine chaser
3233:Correlli Barnett
3088:: Major General
3084:
3070:: Major General
3066:
3056:: Major General
3052:
3044:
3023:: Major General
3019:
3004:
2970:
2960:
2953:reinforced with
2947:: Major General
2943:
2929:
2858:: Major General
2854:
2844:: Major General
2840:
2831:Leonard T. Gerow
2825:
2804:: Major General
2800:
2792:Jay W. MacKelvie
2786:
2776:: Major General
2772:
2762:: Major General
2758:
2744:
2686:Panzer divisions
2682:Italian Campaign
2641:and established
2585:deployed on the
2572:
2566:
2560:
2520:from April 1944)
2488:
2460:
2388:
2339:
2254:Oberbefehlshaber
2242:
2241:
2125:
2067:Boulogne-sur-Mer
2063:barrage balloons
2020:George S. Patton
1897:Hobart's Funnies
1688:gun emplacements
1662:
1659:
1642:airborne assault
1583:Second World War
1187:La Haye-du-Puits
1172:American Sector
1080:American Sector
1026:Merville Battery
1006:Airborne assault
913:
909:
899:
892:
885:
876:
875:
843:156,000 soldiers
793:
792:
763:
762:
684:
683:
608:
607:
585:Hans von Salmuth
583:
582:
571:
570:
559:
558:
547:
546:
535:
534:
523:
522:
511:
510:
493:
492:
481:
480:
469:
468:
457:
456:
445:
444:
433:
432:
424:
420:
419:
400:
396:
394:
393:
379:
377:
376:
369:
365:
363:
362:
354:
350:
348:
347:
339:
335:
333:
332:
321:
320:
319:
312:
308:
306:
305:
294:
293:
285:
281:
279:
278:
267:
265:
264:
257:
253:
251:
250:
239:
237:
236:
226:
224:
223:
213:
211:
210:
164:
163:
161:
160:
159:
154:
150:
147:
146:
145:
142:
118:
116:
111:
102:
101:
77:
67:Second World War
49:
48:
21:
12668:
12667:
12663:
12662:
12661:
12659:
12658:
12657:
12578:Battle for Caen
12538:
12537:
12536:
12531:
12498:
12492:
12462:
12457:
12368:
12332:
12313:Longues-sur-Mer
12281:
12244:
12187:
12176:Verrières Ridge
12122:
12015:(UK and Canada)
11972:
11962:
11932:
11927:
11920:
11913:
11899:
11897:
11885:
11876:
11869:
11862:
11855:
11846:
11839:
11832:
11823:
11818:Atomic bombings
11816:
11809:
11802:
11795:
11788:
11779:
11772:
11765:
11758:
11751:
11744:
11737:
11730:
11723:
11716:
11709:
11702:
11695:
11688:
11681:
11674:
11661:
11654:
11643:
11636:
11629:
11620:
11613:
11606:
11599:
11592:
11585:
11576:
11567:
11560:
11551:
11544:
11537:
11530:
11521:
11514:
11509:Eastern Romania
11507:
11502:Warsaw Uprising
11500:
11495:Tannenberg Line
11493:
11486:
11481:Western Ukraine
11479:
11470:
11463:
11454:
11445:
11436:
11429:
11422:
11411:
11402:
11389:
11382:
11373:
11366:
11359:
11352:
11345:
11338:
11331:
11322:
11315:
11308:
11299:
11292:
11285:
11278:
11273:Battle of Kursk
11271:
11264:
11257:
11250:
11243:
11230:
11223:
11214:
11207:
11200:
11191:
11184:
11177:
11170:
11163:
11154:
11145:
11138:
11131:
11124:
11117:
11110:
11103:
11096:
11089:
11082:
11077:St Nazaire Raid
11075:
11068:
11061:
11048:
11041:
11034:
11027:
11020:
11013:
11006:
10999:
10992:
10985:
10978:
10971:
10964:
10957:
10950:
10943:
10936:
10929:
10922:
10915:
10901:
10892:
10885:
10878:
10871:
10864:
10859:Anglo-Iraqi War
10857:
10850:Battle of Crete
10848:
10841:
10834:
10827:
10820:
10807:
10798:
10791:
10784:
10779:Eastern Romania
10777:
10770:
10763:
10756:
10749:
10742:
10735:
10728:
10721:
10714:
10707:
10700:
10693:
10686:
10679:
10672:
10659:
10652:
10645:
10638:
10631:
10624:
10617:
10610:
10597:
10588:
10581:
10574:
10567:
10560:
10553:
10544:
10537:
10530:
10521:
10514:
10488:
10481:
10474:
10465:
10458:
10453:
10444:
10437:
10430:
10421:
10414:
10405:
10398:
10393:
10386:
10373:
10366:
10357:
10350:
10345:
10340:Western Ukraine
10338:
10331:
10324:
10317:
10310:
10303:
10296:
10289:
10284:Northeast China
10282:
10275:
10268:
10261:
10254:
10247:
10238:
10231:
10224:
10217:
10210:
10203:
10196:
10189:
10182:
10175:
10168:
10161:
10154:
10147:
10140:
10133:
10126:
10119:
10112:
10099:
10092:
10085:
10078:
10071:
10064:
10057:
10050:
10043:
10036:
10029:
10022:
10009:
10002:
9995:
9988:
9983:Slovak Republic
9981:
9973:
9966:
9959:
9954:Empire of Japan
9952:
9943:
9935:
9928:
9921:
9914:
9907:
9900:
9892:
9885:
9878:
9870:
9863:
9850:
9843:
9834:
9827:
9818:
9811:
9804:
9797:
9790:
9783:
9776:
9764:
9757:
9750:
9743:
9736:
9729:
9722:
9715:
9708:
9696:
9689:
9682:
9675:
9668:
9656:
9648:
9641:
9634:
9627:
9620:
9613:
9606:
9594:
9587:
9580:
9573:
9566:
9540:
9531:
9524:
9517:
9510:
9499:
9484:
9477:
9470:
9466:Sexual violence
9465:
9458:
9449:
9442:
9435:
9426:
9419:
9412:
9405:
9398:
9389:
9380:
9373:
9366:
9359:
9352:
9345:
9336:
9329:
9322:
9315:
9302:
9295:
9288:
9281:
9272:
9265:
9258:
9251:
9244:
9235:
9226:
9219:
9212:
9205:
9196:
9189:
9184:Greek Civil War
9182:
9175:
9168:
9161:
9154:
9147:
9140:
9127:
9120:
9111:
9104:
9097:
9088:
9081:
9074:
9067:
9058:
9051:
9044:
9035:
9028:
9021:
9014:
9009:South-East Asia
9007:
9000:
8993:
8980:
8973:
8966:
8959:
8952:
8945:
8938:
8931:
8922:
8915:
8908:
8901:
8894:
8887:
8880:
8873:
8868:Military awards
8866:
8857:
8850:
8843:
8834:
8827:
8820:
8813:
8806:
8799:
8792:
8785:
8778:
8771:
8762:
8755:
8735:
8728:
8721:
8712:
8705:
8698:
8693:
8684:
8677:
8670:
8662:
8657:
8606:The short film
8581:
8529:
8525:
8514:
8506:
8495:
8487:
8478:
8473:
8467:
8444:
8423:
8401:
8399:
8395:
8388:
8355:
8344:The Longest Day
8339:Ryan, Cornelius
8331:
8307:
8285:
8238:
8216:
8193:
8169:
8145:
8126:
8104:
8080:
8058:
8041:
8039:Further reading
8036:
8030:
8011:
7992:
7970:
7951:
7937:Wilmot, Chester
7929:
7910:
7888:
7863:
7861:
7843:
7841:
7828:(6 June 2004).
7815:
7813:
7794:
7792:
7776:
7741:
7739:
7738:on 7 April 2014
7717:
7715:
7703:
7684:
7639:
7637:
7625:
7569:
7550:
7531:edition.cnn.com
7525:(5 June 2014).
7515:
7496:
7480:Gilbert, Martin
7469:
7467:
7452:
7433:
7378:
7356:
7323:
7321:
7317:
7310:
7294:
7292:
7291:on 29 June 2013
7273:
7263:Who dares, wins
7209:
7187:
7165:
7146:
7122:
7098:
7093:
7085:
7081:
7073:
7069:
7061:
7057:
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7033:
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7021:
7013:
7009:
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6989:
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6949:
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6886:
6878:
6874:
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6854:
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6806:
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6728:
6724:
6716:
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6704:
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6644:
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6584:
6577:
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6509:
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6434:
6430:
6422:
6415:
6407:
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6383:
6379:
6371:
6367:
6359:
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6347:
6343:
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6319:
6311:
6304:
6296:
6292:
6284:
6280:
6272:
6268:
6260:
6256:
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6232:
6224:
6217:
6209:
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6197:
6193:
6185:
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6157:
6149:
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6133:
6125:
6121:
6113:
6109:
6101:
6097:
6089:
6085:
6077:
6073:
6065:
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6053:
6049:
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6037:
6029:
6025:
6017:
6013:
6005:
6001:
5993:
5989:
5981:
5977:
5969:
5962:
5954:
5950:
5942:
5938:
5930:
5926:
5918:
5914:
5906:
5902:
5894:
5887:
5879:
5875:
5867:
5863:
5855:
5848:
5840:
5836:
5828:
5824:
5816:
5812:
5804:
5800:
5792:
5788:
5780:
5776:
5768:
5764:
5756:
5752:
5744:
5740:
5732:
5728:
5720:
5716:
5708:
5704:
5696:
5692:
5684:
5680:
5672:
5668:
5660:
5656:
5648:
5644:
5636:
5629:
5621:
5617:
5609:
5605:
5597:
5593:
5585:
5581:
5573:
5569:
5561:
5557:
5549:
5545:
5537:
5528:
5520:
5513:
5505:
5498:
5490:
5483:
5475:
5471:
5463:
5456:
5448:
5444:
5436:
5423:
5415:
5406:
5398:
5394:
5386:
5382:
5374:
5370:
5362:
5358:
5350:
5346:
5338:
5334:
5326:
5322:
5314:
5310:
5302:
5295:
5287:
5283:
5275:
5271:
5263:
5259:
5251:
5242:
5236:Margaritis 2019
5234:
5230:
5224:Margaritis 2019
5222:
5218:
5210:
5206:
5198:
5191:
5183:
5179:
5171:
5152:
5144:
5131:
5123:
5119:
5111:
5102:
5094:
5090:
5082:
5078:
5070:
5066:
5058:
5054:
5046:
5042:
5034:
5030:
5022:
5018:
5010:
5003:
4995:
4988:
4980:
4976:
4968:
4964:
4956:
4952:
4944:
4940:
4932:
4925:
4917:
4904:
4896:
4892:
4884:
4877:
4869:
4865:
4857:
4853:
4845:
4841:
4833:
4829:
4821:
4817:
4809:
4805:
4797:
4793:
4785:
4776:
4768:
4761:
4753:
4746:
4738:
4734:
4726:
4713:
4705:
4701:
4693:
4689:
4681:
4677:
4669:
4660:
4652:
4648:
4640:
4633:
4625:
4621:
4613:
4609:
4601:
4597:
4589:
4585:
4577:
4573:
4565:
4561:
4553:
4549:
4545:, pp. 8–9.
4541:
4537:
4529:
4510:
4502:
4498:
4490:
4483:
4475:
4471:
4463:
4459:
4451:
4444:
4436:
4429:
4421:
4417:
4409:
4402:
4394:
4390:
4382:
4378:
4370:
4363:
4355:
4351:
4343:
4336:
4328:
4317:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4297:Royal Engineers
4294:
4290:
4281:
4277:
4272:
4268:
4262:
4258:
4254:
4245:Martha Gellhorn
4232:Daily Telegraph
4221:
4214:
4207:
4198:
4192:
4183:
4176:
4167:
4161:
4140:
4115:
4090:
4025:
4019:
3976:The landing at
3962:
3956:
3869:
3863:
3823:
3817:
3759:
3725:
3719:
3707:
3694:
3598:
3592:Operation Tonga
3590:Main articles:
3588:
3564:Mission Detroit
3560:Mission Chicago
3489:
3483:
3413:
3354:
3301:
3271:(under Admiral
3225:English Channel
3206:Southwick House
3198:
3192:
3124:), the British
3104:Members of the
3098:
3078:
3031:
2996:
2985:
2935:Gerard Bucknall
2871:
2866:
2812:
2778:Matthew Ridgway
2718:
2711:
2700:
2694:
2677:
2627:high water mark
2583:Czech hedgehogs
2574:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2546:
2544:English Channel
2538:Main articles:
2536:
2531:
2471:Wilhelm Richter
2468:Generalleutnant
2449:
2444:
2421:
2399:Dietrich Kraiss
2396:Generalleutnant
2377:
2372:
2347:Generalleutnant
2328:
2240:panzergrenadier
2163:
2129:English Channel
2123:
2120:Royal Air Force
2089:
2083:
1991:
1985:
1983:Deception plans
1924:
1916:21st Army Group
1814:Meeting of the
1731:
1660:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1552:
1539:
1326:Verrières Ridge
1248:Le Mesnil-Patry
1171:
1169:Ground campaign
1079:
1042:American Sector
1009:British Sector
1008:
914:
911:
907:
905:
903:
861:
849:
844:
833:
798:
797:
787:
783:
768:
767:
765:5th Panzer Army
757:
751:
689:
688:
678:
674:
613:
612:
602:
589:
577:
565:
553:
549:Theodor Krancke
541:
529:
517:
505:
499:
487:
475:
463:
451:
439:
427:
414:
413:
391:
389:
385:
374:
372:
360:
358:
345:
343:
330:
328:
317:
315:
303:
301:
288:
276:
274:
262:
260:
248:
246:
234:
232:
221:
219:
208:
206:
202:
178:
157:
155:
151:
148:
143:
140:
138:
136:
135:
134:
114:
112:
109:
78:
43:
40:Jour J (comics)
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
12666:
12656:
12655:
12650:
12645:
12640:
12635:
12630:
12625:
12620:
12615:
12610:
12605:
12600:
12595:
12590:
12585:
12580:
12575:
12570:
12565:
12560:
12555:
12553:1944 in France
12550:
12533:
12532:
12530:
12529:
12524:
12519:
12514:
12509:
12503:
12500:
12499:
12491:
12490:
12483:
12476:
12468:
12459:
12458:
12456:
12455:
12450:
12445:
12440:
12435:
12429:
12423:
12418:
12412:
12407:
12402:
12397:
12392:
12387:
12382:
12376:
12374:
12370:
12369:
12367:
12366:
12361:
12359:Pegasus Bridge
12356:
12351:
12346:
12344:Falaise pocket
12340:
12338:
12334:
12333:
12331:
12330:
12325:
12320:
12315:
12310:
12305:
12300:
12295:
12289:
12287:
12283:
12282:
12280:
12279:
12274:
12268:
12263:
12258:
12252:
12250:
12246:
12245:
12243:
12242:
12236:
12230:
12224:
12223:
12222:
12210:
12203:
12201:
12189:
12188:
12186:
12185:
12182:Villers-Bocage
12179:
12173:
12167:
12161:
12155:
12149:
12143:
12137:
12130:
12128:
12124:
12123:
12121:
12120:
12114:
12108:
12102:
12096:
12090:
12084:
12078:
12072:
12066:
12058:
12052:
12046:
12040:
12034:
12028:
12022:
12016:
12010:
12004:
11998:
11993:
11992:(assault plan)
11987:
11986:(overall plan)
11980:
11978:
11974:
11973:
11961:
11960:
11953:
11946:
11938:
11929:
11928:
11926:
11925:
11918:
11911:
11894:
11891:
11890:
11887:
11886:
11884:
11883:
11882:
11881:
11874:
11867:
11853:
11852:
11851:
11837:
11834:South Sakhalin
11830:
11829:
11828:
11814:
11807:
11800:
11793:
11786:
11785:
11784:
11770:
11763:
11756:
11749:
11742:
11735:
11728:
11721:
11714:
11707:
11700:
11693:
11686:
11679:
11671:
11669:
11663:
11662:
11660:
11659:
11652:
11651:
11650:
11634:
11627:
11626:
11625:
11611:
11604:
11597:
11590:
11583:
11574:
11565:
11558:
11549:
11542:
11535:
11528:
11519:
11512:
11505:
11498:
11491:
11484:
11477:
11468:
11461:
11452:
11443:
11434:
11427:
11420:
11409:
11399:
11397:
11391:
11390:
11388:
11387:
11380:
11379:
11378:
11371:
11357:
11350:
11343:
11336:
11329:
11328:
11327:
11313:
11306:
11297:
11290:
11283:
11276:
11269:
11262:
11259:Battle of Attu
11255:
11248:
11240:
11238:
11232:
11231:
11229:
11228:
11221:
11212:
11205:
11198:
11189:
11182:
11175:
11168:
11161:
11152:
11151:
11150:
11143:
11129:
11122:
11115:
11108:
11101:
11094:
11087:
11080:
11073:
11066:
11058:
11056:
11050:
11049:
11047:
11046:
11039:
11032:
11025:
11018:
11011:
11004:
11001:Battle of Guam
10997:
10990:
10983:
10976:
10969:
10962:
10955:
10948:
10941:
10934:
10927:
10924:Battle of Kiev
10920:
10913:
10899:
10898:
10897:
10883:
10876:
10869:
10862:
10855:
10854:
10853:
10839:
10832:
10825:
10817:
10815:
10809:
10808:
10806:
10805:
10796:
10789:
10782:
10775:
10768:
10761:
10754:
10747:
10740:
10733:
10726:
10719:
10712:
10705:
10698:
10691:
10684:
10677:
10669:
10667:
10661:
10660:
10658:
10657:
10650:
10643:
10636:
10629:
10622:
10615:
10607:
10605:
10599:
10598:
10596:
10595:
10594:
10593:
10586:
10579:
10572:
10565:
10551:
10550:
10549:
10542:
10528:
10527:
10526:
10511:
10509:
10500:
10494:
10493:
10490:
10489:
10487:
10486:
10479:
10472:
10471:
10470:
10463:
10451:
10450:
10449:
10435:
10428:
10427:
10426:
10423:United Kingdom
10419:
10412:
10411:
10410:
10391:
10383:
10381:
10375:
10374:
10372:
10371:
10364:
10363:
10362:
10355:
10343:
10336:
10329:
10322:
10315:
10308:
10301:
10294:
10287:
10280:
10273:
10266:
10259:
10252:
10245:
10244:
10243:
10236:
10222:
10215:
10208:
10201:
10194:
10187:
10180:
10173:
10166:
10159:
10152:
10145:
10138:
10131:
10124:
10117:
10109:
10107:
10101:
10100:
10098:
10097:
10090:
10083:
10076:
10069:
10062:
10055:
10048:
10041:
10034:
10027:
10019:
10017:
10011:
10010:
10008:
10007:
10000:
9993:
9986:
9979:
9971:
9964:
9957:
9950:
9949:
9948:
9933:
9926:
9919:
9912:
9905:
9898:
9890:
9883:
9876:
9868:
9860:
9858:
9852:
9851:
9849:
9848:
9841:
9840:
9839:
9825:
9824:
9823:
9820:British Empire
9813:United Kingdom
9809:
9802:
9795:
9788:
9781:
9774:
9762:
9755:
9748:
9741:
9734:
9727:
9720:
9713:
9706:
9694:
9687:
9680:
9673:
9666:
9654:
9646:
9639:
9632:
9629:Czechoslovakia
9625:
9618:
9611:
9604:
9592:
9585:
9578:
9571:
9563:
9561:
9552:
9546:
9545:
9542:
9541:
9539:
9538:
9537:
9536:
9529:
9526:Rape of Manila
9522:
9515:
9508:
9497:
9482:
9475:
9463:
9456:
9455:
9454:
9447:
9433:
9432:
9431:
9424:
9417:
9403:
9396:
9395:
9394:
9387:
9386:
9385:
9378:
9364:
9357:
9343:
9342:
9341:
9334:
9327:
9312:
9310:
9304:
9303:
9301:
9300:
9297:United Nations
9293:
9286:
9279:
9278:
9277:
9270:
9263:
9256:
9242:
9233:
9224:
9217:
9210:
9203:
9194:
9187:
9180:
9173:
9166:
9159:
9156:Decolonization
9152:
9145:
9137:
9135:
9129:
9128:
9126:
9125:
9118:
9117:
9116:
9102:
9095:
9094:
9093:
9086:
9079:
9065:
9064:
9063:
9056:
9042:
9041:
9040:
9033:
9026:
9019:
9012:
9005:
8990:
8988:
8982:
8981:
8979:
8978:
8971:
8964:
8957:
8950:
8943:
8936:
8929:
8928:
8927:
8920:
8906:
8899:
8892:
8885:
8878:
8871:
8864:
8863:
8862:
8848:
8841:
8840:
8839:
8832:
8829:United Kingdom
8825:
8811:
8804:
8797:
8790:
8783:
8776:
8769:
8768:
8767:
8752:
8750:
8741:
8737:
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8719:
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8710:
8703:
8691:
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8675:
8667:
8664:
8663:
8656:
8655:
8648:
8641:
8633:
8627:
8626:
8617:
8604:
8599:
8590:
8578:
8575:CBS Radio News
8568:
8563:
8558:
8549:
8544:
8538:
8523:
8504:
8485:
8477:
8476:External links
8474:
8472:
8471:
8465:
8448:
8442:
8427:
8421:
8408:
8379:
8359:
8353:
8335:
8329:
8311:
8306:978-1473649019
8305:
8289:
8283:
8267:
8259:Howarth, David
8255:
8236:
8224:Holland, James
8220:
8214:
8197:
8191:
8173:
8167:
8149:
8143:
8130:
8124:
8108:
8102:
8084:
8078:
8062:
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8042:
8040:
8037:
8035:
8034:
8028:
8015:
8009:
7996:
7990:
7974:
7968:
7955:
7949:
7933:
7927:
7914:
7908:
7892:
7886:
7870:
7859:New York Times
7850:
7826:Stanley, Peter
7822:
7801:
7780:
7774:
7756:
7748:
7724:
7707:
7701:
7688:
7682:
7666:
7646:
7629:
7623:
7610:
7584:(1): 215–238.
7573:
7567:
7554:
7548:
7535:
7523:Holland, James
7519:
7513:
7500:
7494:
7476:
7465:History of War
7456:
7450:
7437:
7431:
7418:
7409:
7382:
7376:
7360:
7354:
7330:
7301:
7277:
7271:
7254:
7242:The Red Berets
7233:
7213:
7207:
7191:
7185:
7169:
7163:
7150:
7144:
7130:Beevor, Antony
7126:
7120:
7099:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7091:
7079:
7067:
7065:, p. 352.
7055:
7043:
7031:
7029:, p. 346.
7019:
7017:, p. 292.
7007:
7005:, p. 291.
6995:
6983:
6981:, p. 289.
6971:
6969:, p. 343.
6959:
6957:, p. 290.
6947:
6945:, p. 336.
6935:
6933:, p. 102.
6923:
6921:, p. 360.
6911:
6899:
6897:, p. 275.
6884:
6872:
6870:, p. 104.
6868:Whitmarsh 2009
6860:
6848:
6846:, p. 283.
6836:
6824:
6812:
6800:
6785:
6783:, p. 138.
6773:
6771:, p. 143.
6758:
6746:
6744:, p. 277.
6734:
6732:, p. 131.
6722:
6720:, p. 276.
6710:
6708:, p. 135.
6698:
6686:
6684:, p. 317.
6674:
6662:
6660:, p. 275.
6650:
6638:
6626:
6614:
6612:, p. 129.
6602:
6590:
6586:Whitmarsh 2009
6575:
6573:, p. 292.
6563:
6561:, p. 272.
6551:
6539:
6537:, p. 286.
6527:
6525:, p. 299.
6515:
6503:
6491:
6489:, p. 337.
6479:
6464:
6452:
6440:
6428:
6413:
6401:
6389:
6377:
6375:, p. 106.
6365:
6353:
6351:, p. 155.
6341:
6339:, p. 263.
6329:
6317:
6315:, p. 102.
6302:
6300:, p. 165.
6290:
6286:Whitmarsh 2009
6278:
6266:
6262:Whitmarsh 2009
6254:
6242:
6240:, p. 130.
6230:
6215:
6203:
6191:
6189:, p. 242.
6179:
6167:
6165:, p. 282.
6155:
6153:, p. 230.
6143:
6131:
6129:, p. 222.
6119:
6117:, p. 239.
6107:
6095:
6093:, p. 240.
6083:
6071:
6059:
6047:
6045:, p. 167.
6035:
6023:
6021:, p. 151.
6011:
5999:
5987:
5985:, p. 145.
5975:
5973:, p. 244.
5960:
5948:
5946:, p. 139.
5936:
5934:, p. 116.
5924:
5912:
5900:
5898:, p. 243.
5885:
5873:
5871:, p. 134.
5861:
5859:, p. 133.
5846:
5834:
5822:
5820:, p. 159.
5810:
5808:, p. 234.
5798:
5786:
5784:, p. 175.
5774:
5772:, p. 114.
5762:
5758:Whitmarsh 2009
5750:
5738:
5726:
5714:
5712:, p. 255.
5702:
5690:
5688:, p. 233.
5678:
5676:, p. 205.
5666:
5662:Whitmarsh 2009
5654:
5652:, p. 594.
5650:Churchill 1951
5642:
5627:
5625:, p. 133.
5615:
5603:
5601:, p. 229.
5591:
5579:
5577:, p. 138.
5567:
5555:
5553:, p. 201.
5543:
5541:, p. 200.
5526:
5524:, p. 270.
5511:
5509:, p. 271.
5496:
5481:
5469:
5454:
5450:Whitmarsh 2009
5442:
5440:, p. 125.
5421:
5417:Whitmarsh 2009
5404:
5402:, p. 192.
5392:
5388:Whitmarsh 2009
5380:
5368:
5366:, p. 482.
5356:
5344:
5342:, p. 283.
5332:
5330:, p. 280.
5320:
5318:, p. 263.
5308:
5293:
5289:Whitmarsh 2009
5281:
5269:
5257:
5240:
5238:, p. 321.
5228:
5216:
5212:Whitmarsh 2009
5204:
5202:, p. 206.
5189:
5177:
5175:, p. 275.
5150:
5129:
5117:
5115:, p. 122.
5100:
5098:, p. 118.
5088:
5076:
5064:
5052:
5040:
5038:, p. 118.
5028:
5026:, p. 144.
5016:
5001:
4999:, p. 131.
4986:
4974:
4972:, p. 224.
4962:
4950:
4938:
4934:Whitmarsh 2009
4923:
4919:Whitmarsh 2009
4902:
4890:
4886:Whitmarsh 2009
4875:
4873:, p. 282.
4863:
4859:Whitmarsh 2009
4851:
4839:
4837:, p. 465.
4827:
4825:, p. 680.
4815:
4813:, p. 698.
4803:
4801:, p. 136.
4791:
4774:
4770:Churchill 1951
4759:
4744:
4742:, p. 684.
4732:
4728:Whitmarsh 2009
4711:
4707:Whitmarsh 2009
4699:
4697:, p. 491.
4687:
4685:, p. 182.
4675:
4658:
4646:
4644:, p. 170.
4631:
4619:
4607:
4605:, p. 404.
4603:Churchill 1951
4595:
4583:
4571:
4559:
4547:
4535:
4508:
4496:
4492:Whitmarsh 2009
4481:
4469:
4457:
4442:
4427:
4425:, p. 342.
4415:
4400:
4388:
4376:
4361:
4359:, p. 492.
4349:
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4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4301:
4288:
4275:
4266:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4248:
4242:
4239:Exercise Tiger
4236:
4227:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4215:
4208:
4201:
4199:
4193:
4186:
4184:
4177:
4170:
4168:
4162:
4155:
4137:Pegasus Bridge
4125:is nearby, in
4119:National Guard
4114:
4111:
4089:
4086:
4059:moved through
4057:No. 4 Commando
4021:Main article:
4018:
4015:
3958:Main article:
3955:
3952:
3940:Victoria Cross
3936:Stanley Hollis
3928:Port-en-Bessin
3865:Main article:
3862:
3859:
3837:, 6 June 1944.
3819:Main article:
3816:
3813:
3772:, a prominent
3758:
3755:
3721:Main article:
3718:
3715:
3706:
3703:
3693:
3692:Beach landings
3690:
3618:Pegasus Bridge
3587:
3584:
3572:Mission Elmira
3568:Mission Keokuk
3566:), and 21:00 (
3558:around 04:00 (
3485:Main article:
3482:
3479:
3412:
3409:
3353:
3350:
3300:
3297:
3237:Bertram Ramsay
3227:on 6 June 1944
3194:Main article:
3191:
3190:Naval activity
3188:
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2992:Main article:
2990:
2989:
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2974:
2964:
2951:
2949:Douglas Graham
2931:XXX Corps (UK)
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2114:Group Captain
2108:weather fronts
2085:Main article:
2082:
2079:
1984:
1981:
1923:
1920:
1777:British troops
1730:
1727:
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1206:
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1177:Brécourt Manor
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1127:Port-en-Bessin
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976:Transport Plan
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781:
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772:South of Caen:
756:
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749:
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649:
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601:
600:
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594:Units involved
591:
590:
588:
587:
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563:
551:
539:
527:
515:
502:
500:
498:
497:
485:
483:Bertram Ramsay
473:
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449:
437:
425:
410:
407:
406:
402:
401:
386:
384:
383:
370:
355:
340:
325:
313:
298:
286:
283:Czechoslovakia
271:
258:
243:
230:
217:
215:United Kingdom
203:
193:
192:
188:
187:
184:
183:
180:
174:
173:
172:Allied victory
170:
166:
165:
153:49.34°N 0.60°W
126:
124:
120:
119:
106:
98:
97:
70:
69:
54:
53:
47:
46:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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12406:
12403:
12401:
12398:
12396:
12393:
12391:
12388:
12386:
12383:
12381:
12380:Atlantic Wall
12378:
12377:
12375:
12371:
12365:
12362:
12360:
12357:
12355:
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12347:
12345:
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12314:
12311:
12309:
12306:
12304:
12301:
12299:
12296:
12294:
12291:
12290:
12288:
12286:Gun batteries
12284:
12278:
12275:
12272:
12269:
12267:
12264:
12262:
12259:
12257:
12254:
12253:
12251:
12247:
12240:
12237:
12234:
12231:
12228:
12225:
12220:
12219:Pointe du Hoc
12217:
12216:
12214:
12211:
12208:
12205:
12204:
12202:
12190:
12183:
12180:
12177:
12174:
12171:
12168:
12165:
12162:
12159:
12156:
12153:
12150:
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12135:
12132:
12131:
12129:
12125:
12118:
12115:
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12103:
12100:
12097:
12094:
12091:
12088:
12085:
12082:
12079:
12076:
12073:
12070:
12067:
12064:
12063:
12059:
12056:
12053:
12050:
12047:
12044:
12041:
12038:
12035:
12032:
12029:
12026:
12023:
12020:
12017:
12014:
12011:
12008:
12005:
12002:
11999:
11997:
11994:
11991:
11988:
11985:
11982:
11981:
11979:
11975:
11971:
11967:
11966:Western Front
11959:
11954:
11952:
11947:
11945:
11940:
11939:
11936:
11923:
11919:
11916:
11912:
11909:
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11903:
11896:
11895:
11892:
11879:
11875:
11872:
11868:
11865:
11861:
11860:
11858:
11854:
11849:
11845:
11844:
11842:
11841:Kuril Islands
11838:
11835:
11831:
11826:
11822:
11821:
11819:
11815:
11812:
11808:
11805:
11801:
11798:
11794:
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11787:
11782:
11778:
11777:
11775:
11771:
11768:
11764:
11761:
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11747:
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11708:
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11701:
11698:
11694:
11691:
11687:
11684:
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11677:
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11657:
11653:
11648:
11647:
11642:
11641:
11639:
11635:
11632:
11628:
11623:
11619:
11618:
11616:
11612:
11609:
11608:Syrmian Front
11605:
11602:
11598:
11595:
11591:
11588:
11584:
11581:
11580:
11575:
11572:
11571:
11566:
11563:
11559:
11556:
11555:
11554:Market Garden
11550:
11547:
11543:
11540:
11536:
11533:
11529:
11526:
11525:
11520:
11517:
11513:
11510:
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11449:
11444:
11441:
11440:
11435:
11432:
11428:
11425:
11421:
11418:
11414:
11413:Monte Cassino
11410:
11407:
11406:
11401:
11400:
11398:
11396:
11392:
11385:
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11372:
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11199:
11196:
11195:
11190:
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11176:
11173:
11169:
11166:
11162:
11159:
11158:
11153:
11148:
11144:
11141:
11137:
11136:
11134:
11130:
11127:
11123:
11120:
11116:
11113:
11109:
11106:
11102:
11099:
11095:
11092:
11088:
11085:
11081:
11078:
11074:
11071:
11067:
11064:
11060:
11059:
11057:
11055:
11051:
11044:
11040:
11037:
11033:
11030:
11026:
11023:
11019:
11016:
11012:
11009:
11005:
11002:
10998:
10995:
10991:
10988:
10984:
10981:
10977:
10974:
10970:
10967:
10963:
10960:
10956:
10953:
10949:
10946:
10942:
10939:
10935:
10932:
10928:
10925:
10921:
10918:
10914:
10910:
10909:
10904:
10900:
10895:
10891:
10890:
10888:
10884:
10881:
10877:
10874:
10870:
10867:
10863:
10860:
10856:
10851:
10847:
10846:
10844:
10840:
10837:
10833:
10830:
10826:
10823:
10819:
10818:
10816:
10814:
10810:
10803:
10802:
10797:
10794:
10790:
10787:
10783:
10780:
10776:
10773:
10772:Baltic states
10769:
10766:
10762:
10759:
10755:
10752:
10748:
10745:
10741:
10738:
10734:
10731:
10727:
10724:
10720:
10717:
10713:
10710:
10706:
10703:
10699:
10696:
10692:
10689:
10685:
10682:
10678:
10675:
10671:
10670:
10668:
10666:
10662:
10655:
10651:
10648:
10644:
10641:
10637:
10634:
10630:
10627:
10623:
10620:
10616:
10613:
10609:
10608:
10606:
10604:
10600:
10591:
10587:
10584:
10580:
10577:
10573:
10570:
10566:
10563:
10559:
10558:
10556:
10552:
10547:
10543:
10540:
10536:
10535:
10533:
10529:
10524:
10520:
10519:
10517:
10513:
10512:
10510:
10508:
10504:
10501:
10499:
10495:
10484:
10480:
10477:
10473:
10468:
10464:
10461:
10457:
10456:
10452:
10447:
10443:
10442:
10440:
10436:
10433:
10429:
10424:
10420:
10417:
10416:United States
10413:
10408:
10404:
10403:
10401:
10397:
10396:
10392:
10389:
10385:
10384:
10382:
10380:
10376:
10369:
10365:
10360:
10356:
10353:
10352:Quốc dân Đảng
10349:
10348:
10344:
10341:
10337:
10334:
10330:
10327:
10323:
10320:
10316:
10313:
10309:
10306:
10302:
10299:
10295:
10292:
10288:
10285:
10281:
10278:
10274:
10271:
10267:
10264:
10260:
10257:
10253:
10250:
10246:
10241:
10237:
10234:
10230:
10229:
10227:
10223:
10220:
10216:
10213:
10209:
10206:
10202:
10199:
10195:
10192:
10188:
10185:
10181:
10178:
10174:
10171:
10167:
10164:
10160:
10157:
10153:
10150:
10146:
10143:
10139:
10136:
10132:
10129:
10125:
10122:
10118:
10115:
10111:
10110:
10108:
10106:
10102:
10095:
10091:
10088:
10084:
10081:
10077:
10074:
10070:
10067:
10063:
10060:
10056:
10053:
10052:Liechtenstein
10049:
10046:
10042:
10039:
10035:
10032:
10028:
10025:
10021:
10020:
10018:
10016:
10012:
10005:
10004:Collaboration
10001:
9998:
9994:
9991:
9987:
9984:
9980:
9976:
9972:
9969:
9965:
9962:
9958:
9955:
9951:
9946:
9942:
9941:
9938:
9934:
9931:
9927:
9924:
9920:
9917:
9913:
9910:
9906:
9903:
9899:
9895:
9891:
9888:
9884:
9881:
9877:
9873:
9869:
9866:
9862:
9861:
9859:
9857:
9853:
9846:
9842:
9837:
9833:
9832:
9830:
9829:United States
9826:
9821:
9817:
9816:
9814:
9810:
9807:
9803:
9800:
9796:
9793:
9789:
9786:
9782:
9779:
9775:
9771:
9767:
9763:
9760:
9756:
9753:
9749:
9746:
9742:
9739:
9735:
9732:
9728:
9725:
9721:
9718:
9714:
9711:
9707:
9703:
9699:
9695:
9692:
9688:
9685:
9681:
9678:
9674:
9671:
9667:
9663:
9659:
9655:
9651:
9647:
9644:
9640:
9637:
9633:
9630:
9626:
9623:
9619:
9616:
9612:
9609:
9605:
9601:
9597:
9593:
9590:
9586:
9583:
9579:
9576:
9572:
9569:
9565:
9564:
9562:
9560:
9556:
9553:
9551:
9547:
9534:
9530:
9527:
9523:
9520:
9519:Comfort women
9516:
9513:
9509:
9506:
9503: /
9502:
9498:
9495:
9492: /
9491:
9488: /
9487:
9483:
9480:
9479:Camp brothels
9476:
9473:
9469:
9468:
9464:
9461:
9457:
9452:
9448:
9445:
9441:
9440:
9438:
9434:
9429:
9425:
9422:
9418:
9415:
9411:
9410:
9408:
9404:
9401:
9397:
9392:
9388:
9383:
9379:
9376:
9372:
9371:
9369:
9368:The Holocaust
9365:
9362:
9358:
9355:
9354:forced labour
9351:
9350:
9348:
9344:
9339:
9335:
9332:
9328:
9325:
9321:
9320:
9318:
9314:
9313:
9311:
9309:
9305:
9298:
9294:
9291:
9287:
9284:
9280:
9275:
9271:
9268:
9264:
9261:
9257:
9254:
9250:
9249:
9247:
9243:
9240:
9239:
9234:
9231:
9230:
9225:
9222:
9218:
9215:
9211:
9208:
9207:Marshall Plan
9204:
9201:
9200:
9195:
9192:
9188:
9185:
9181:
9178:
9174:
9171:
9167:
9164:
9160:
9157:
9153:
9150:
9146:
9143:
9139:
9138:
9136:
9134:
9130:
9123:
9119:
9114:
9110:
9109:
9107:
9103:
9100:
9096:
9091:
9087:
9084:
9080:
9077:
9073:
9072:
9070:
9066:
9061:
9060:Eastern Front
9057:
9054:
9053:Western Front
9050:
9049:
9047:
9043:
9038:
9034:
9031:
9027:
9024:
9020:
9017:
9013:
9010:
9006:
9003:
8999:
8998:
8996:
8992:
8991:
8989:
8987:
8983:
8976:
8972:
8969:
8965:
8962:
8958:
8955:
8951:
8948:
8947:Puppet states
8944:
8941:
8937:
8934:
8930:
8925:
8921:
8918:
8914:
8913:
8911:
8907:
8904:
8900:
8897:
8893:
8890:
8889:Naval history
8886:
8883:
8879:
8876:
8872:
8869:
8865:
8860:
8856:
8855:
8853:
8849:
8846:
8842:
8837:
8836:United States
8833:
8830:
8826:
8823:
8819:
8818:
8816:
8812:
8809:
8805:
8802:
8798:
8795:
8791:
8788:
8784:
8781:
8777:
8774:
8770:
8765:
8761:
8760:
8758:
8754:
8753:
8751:
8749:
8745:
8742:
8738:
8731:
8727:
8724:
8720:
8715:
8711:
8708:
8704:
8701:
8697:
8696:
8692:
8687:
8683:
8682:
8680:
8676:
8673:
8669:
8668:
8665:
8661:
8654:
8649:
8647:
8642:
8640:
8635:
8634:
8631:
8624:
8622:
8618:
8615:
8611:
8610:
8605:
8603:
8600:
8598:
8594:
8591:
8588:
8584:
8579:
8576:
8572:
8569:
8567:
8564:
8562:
8559:
8556:
8555:
8550:
8548:
8545:
8542:
8539:
8535:
8528:
8524:
8520:
8513:
8509:
8505:
8501:
8494:
8490:
8486:
8483:
8480:
8479:
8468:
8462:
8458:
8454:
8449:
8445:
8439:
8435:
8434:
8428:
8424:
8418:
8414:
8409:
8394:
8387:
8386:
8380:
8376:
8372:
8368:
8364:
8360:
8356:
8350:
8346:
8345:
8340:
8336:
8332:
8326:
8322:
8321:
8316:
8312:
8308:
8302:
8298:
8294:
8293:Milton, Giles
8290:
8286:
8280:
8276:
8272:
8268:
8264:
8260:
8256:
8253:
8252:9781787631274
8249:
8245:
8242:, (in the UK
8239:
8233:
8229:
8225:
8221:
8217:
8211:
8207:
8203:
8198:
8194:
8192:0-671-46029-3
8188:
8184:
8183:
8178:
8177:Hastings, Max
8174:
8170:
8164:
8160:
8159:
8154:
8150:
8146:
8140:
8136:
8131:
8127:
8121:
8117:
8113:
8112:D'Este, Carlo
8109:
8105:
8099:
8095:
8094:
8089:
8085:
8081:
8075:
8071:
8067:
8066:Buckley, John
8063:
8059:
8053:
8049:
8044:
8043:
8031:
8025:
8021:
8016:
8012:
8006:
8002:
7997:
7993:
7987:
7983:
7979:
7975:
7971:
7965:
7961:
7956:
7952:
7946:
7942:
7938:
7934:
7930:
7924:
7920:
7915:
7911:
7905:
7901:
7897:
7893:
7889:
7883:
7879:
7875:
7871:
7860:
7856:
7851:
7839:
7835:
7831:
7827:
7823:
7811:
7807:
7802:
7790:
7786:
7781:
7777:
7771:
7767:
7766:
7761:
7760:Speer, Albert
7757:
7753:
7749:
7737:
7733:
7729:
7725:
7713:
7708:
7704:
7698:
7694:
7689:
7685:
7679:
7675:
7671:
7667:
7663:
7659:
7655:
7651:
7647:
7635:
7630:
7626:
7620:
7616:
7611:
7607:
7603:
7599:
7595:
7591:
7587:
7583:
7579:
7574:
7570:
7564:
7560:
7555:
7551:
7545:
7541:
7536:
7532:
7528:
7524:
7520:
7516:
7510:
7506:
7501:
7497:
7491:
7487:
7486:
7481:
7477:
7466:
7462:
7457:
7453:
7447:
7443:
7438:
7434:
7428:
7424:
7419:
7415:
7410:
7406:
7402:
7398:
7394:
7390:
7389:
7383:
7379:
7373:
7369:
7365:
7361:
7357:
7351:
7347:
7343:
7339:
7338:Butler, J.R.M
7335:
7331:
7316:
7309:
7308:
7302:
7290:
7286:
7282:
7278:
7274:
7268:
7264:
7260:
7259:Qui ose gagne
7255:
7251:
7247:
7243:
7239:
7234:
7230:
7226:
7222:
7218:
7214:
7210:
7204:
7200:
7196:
7192:
7188:
7182:
7178:
7174:
7170:
7166:
7160:
7156:
7151:
7147:
7141:
7137:
7136:
7131:
7127:
7123:
7117:
7112:
7111:
7105:
7101:
7100:
7088:
7087:O'Connor 2021
7083:
7076:
7071:
7064:
7059:
7052:
7047:
7040:
7035:
7028:
7023:
7016:
7011:
7004:
6999:
6993:, p. 36.
6992:
6987:
6980:
6975:
6968:
6963:
6956:
6951:
6944:
6939:
6932:
6927:
6920:
6915:
6909:, p. 13.
6908:
6903:
6896:
6891:
6889:
6881:
6876:
6869:
6864:
6858:, p. 74.
6857:
6852:
6845:
6840:
6833:
6828:
6821:
6816:
6809:
6804:
6797:
6792:
6790:
6782:
6777:
6770:
6765:
6763:
6755:
6750:
6743:
6738:
6731:
6726:
6719:
6714:
6707:
6702:
6695:
6690:
6683:
6678:
6671:
6666:
6659:
6654:
6647:
6642:
6635:
6630:
6623:
6618:
6611:
6606:
6599:
6594:
6588:, p. 70.
6587:
6582:
6580:
6572:
6567:
6560:
6555:
6548:
6543:
6536:
6531:
6524:
6519:
6512:
6507:
6500:
6495:
6488:
6483:
6476:
6471:
6469:
6461:
6456:
6449:
6444:
6438:, p. 90.
6437:
6432:
6426:, p. 91.
6425:
6420:
6418:
6410:
6405:
6399:, p. 45.
6398:
6393:
6386:
6381:
6374:
6369:
6363:, p. 50.
6362:
6357:
6350:
6345:
6338:
6333:
6326:
6321:
6314:
6309:
6307:
6299:
6294:
6288:, p. 51.
6287:
6282:
6275:
6270:
6263:
6258:
6251:
6246:
6239:
6234:
6228:, p. 73.
6227:
6222:
6220:
6213:, p. 84.
6212:
6207:
6200:
6195:
6188:
6183:
6176:
6171:
6164:
6159:
6152:
6147:
6140:
6135:
6128:
6123:
6116:
6111:
6105:, p. 57.
6104:
6099:
6092:
6087:
6080:
6075:
6068:
6063:
6056:
6051:
6044:
6039:
6033:, p. 71.
6032:
6027:
6020:
6015:
6008:
6003:
5997:, p. 69.
5996:
5991:
5984:
5979:
5972:
5967:
5965:
5958:, p. 67.
5957:
5952:
5945:
5940:
5933:
5928:
5921:
5916:
5909:
5904:
5897:
5892:
5890:
5883:, p. 27.
5882:
5877:
5870:
5865:
5858:
5853:
5851:
5843:
5838:
5831:
5826:
5819:
5814:
5807:
5802:
5795:
5790:
5783:
5778:
5771:
5766:
5759:
5754:
5748:, p. 69.
5747:
5742:
5735:
5730:
5724:, p. 82.
5723:
5718:
5711:
5706:
5699:
5694:
5687:
5682:
5675:
5670:
5664:, p. 30.
5663:
5658:
5651:
5646:
5639:
5634:
5632:
5624:
5619:
5612:
5607:
5600:
5595:
5589:, p. 43.
5588:
5583:
5576:
5571:
5565:, p. 23.
5564:
5559:
5552:
5547:
5540:
5535:
5533:
5531:
5523:
5518:
5516:
5508:
5503:
5501:
5493:
5488:
5486:
5478:
5473:
5467:, p. 66.
5466:
5461:
5459:
5452:, p. 53.
5451:
5446:
5439:
5434:
5432:
5430:
5428:
5426:
5419:, Map, p. 12.
5418:
5413:
5411:
5409:
5401:
5396:
5390:, p. 15.
5389:
5384:
5378:, p. 31.
5377:
5372:
5365:
5360:
5353:
5348:
5341:
5336:
5329:
5324:
5317:
5312:
5305:
5300:
5298:
5291:, p. 12.
5290:
5285:
5279:, p. 12.
5278:
5273:
5267:, p. 33.
5266:
5261:
5255:, p. 30.
5254:
5249:
5247:
5245:
5237:
5232:
5225:
5220:
5214:, p. 73.
5213:
5208:
5201:
5196:
5194:
5187:, p. 60.
5186:
5181:
5174:
5169:
5167:
5165:
5163:
5161:
5159:
5157:
5155:
5148:, p. 63.
5147:
5142:
5140:
5138:
5136:
5134:
5126:
5121:
5114:
5109:
5107:
5105:
5097:
5092:
5085:
5080:
5073:
5068:
5062:, p. 37.
5061:
5056:
5049:
5044:
5037:
5036:Francois 2013
5032:
5025:
5020:
5013:
5008:
5006:
4998:
4993:
4991:
4983:
4978:
4971:
4966:
4960:, p. 21.
4959:
4954:
4947:
4942:
4936:, p. 33.
4935:
4930:
4928:
4921:, p. 31.
4920:
4915:
4913:
4911:
4909:
4907:
4899:
4894:
4888:, p. 34.
4887:
4882:
4880:
4872:
4867:
4861:, p. 27.
4860:
4855:
4848:
4843:
4836:
4831:
4824:
4823:Weinberg 1995
4819:
4812:
4811:Weinberg 1995
4807:
4800:
4795:
4788:
4783:
4781:
4779:
4771:
4766:
4764:
4756:
4751:
4749:
4741:
4740:Weinberg 1995
4736:
4730:, p. 13.
4729:
4724:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4716:
4708:
4703:
4696:
4691:
4684:
4679:
4673:, p. 14.
4672:
4667:
4665:
4663:
4655:
4650:
4643:
4638:
4636:
4628:
4623:
4616:
4611:
4604:
4599:
4592:
4587:
4580:
4575:
4569:, p. 10.
4568:
4563:
4556:
4555:Folliard 1942
4551:
4544:
4539:
4532:
4527:
4525:
4523:
4521:
4519:
4517:
4515:
4513:
4506:, p. 72.
4505:
4500:
4494:, p. 87.
4493:
4488:
4486:
4479:, p. 29.
4478:
4473:
4466:
4461:
4455:, p. 67.
4454:
4449:
4447:
4439:
4434:
4432:
4424:
4419:
4412:
4407:
4405:
4397:
4392:
4386:, p. 25.
4385:
4380:
4374:, p. 99.
4373:
4368:
4366:
4358:
4353:
4347:, p. 76.
4346:
4341:
4339:
4332:, p. 82.
4331:
4326:
4324:
4322:
4320:
4315:
4298:
4292:
4285:
4279:
4270:
4260:
4256:
4246:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4233:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4222:
4212:
4205:
4200:
4197:
4190:
4185:
4182:, near Bayeux
4181:
4174:
4169:
4166:
4159:
4154:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4146:
4138:
4134:
4132:
4128:
4124:
4120:
4110:
4106:
4102:
4094:
4085:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4069:
4067:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4046:
4042:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4014:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3986:
3984:
3979:
3972:, 6 June 1944
3971:
3966:
3961:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3920:
3918:
3914:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3858:
3854:
3852:
3851:covering fire
3848:
3844:
3836:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3812:
3809:
3805:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3790:
3789:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3770:Pointe du Hoc
3763:
3757:Pointe du Hoc
3754:
3750:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3729:
3724:
3714:
3712:
3698:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3679:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3663:Terence Otway
3660:
3659:9th Battalion
3655:
3652:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3593:
3583:
3579:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3552:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3538:
3534:
3529:
3525:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3481:United States
3477:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3428:
3422:
3419:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3387:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3375:
3369:
3366:
3358:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3341:
3338:off Utah and
3337:
3336:
3330:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3319:
3313:
3312:
3306:
3305:torpedo boats
3296:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3265:Merchant Navy
3260:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3226:
3222:
3217:
3211:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3187:
3183:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3164:
3160:
3157:
3153:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3111:
3107:
3102:
3093:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3046:
3043:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3032:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3008:
3003:
2999:
2998:
2995:
2987:
2986:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2900:
2899:
2898:Miles Dempsey
2895:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2813:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2723:
2713:
2704:
2699:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2671:
2666:
2663:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2651:Rommelspargel
2648:
2644:
2643:air supremacy
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2622:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2603:
2599:
2592:
2588:
2587:Atlantic Wall
2584:
2580:
2555:
2554:Atlantic Wall
2550:
2545:
2541:
2540:Atlantic Wall
2534:Atlantic Wall
2525:
2522:
2519:
2518:Hans von Luck
2515:
2512:
2508:
2505:
2501:
2498:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2305:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2299:Generaloberst
2295:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2244:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2171:Eastern Front
2168:
2167:Low Countries
2158:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2139:
2133:
2130:
2121:
2117:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2095:
2094:highest tides
2088:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2012:
2004:
2003:George Patton
2000:
1995:
1990:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1928:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1876:
1875:Pas-de-Calais
1872:
1868:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1845:
1842:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1769:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1758:United States
1755:
1751:
1747:
1746:Joseph Stalin
1743:
1739:
1736:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1696:metal tripods
1693:
1689:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1627:Atlantic Wall
1624:
1621:
1620:Field Marshal
1617:
1613:
1609:
1604:
1602:
1601:Western Front
1598:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1260:Ardenne Abbey
1258:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1095:Pointe du Hoc
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
990:
986:
984:
983:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
960:
957:
955:
954:
950:
948:
947:
943:
941:
940:
936:
935:
934:
933:
929:
927:
926:Atlantic Wall
924:
923:
922:
917:
910:
900:
895:
893:
888:
886:
881:
880:
877:
868:
865:
859:
858:
853:
847:
842:
841:
836:
828:
825:
824:
823:
818:
815:
814:
813:
808:
805:
804:
803:
800:
799:
796:
791:
778:
775:
774:
773:
770:
769:
766:
761:
753:
746:
743:
741:
738:
737:
733:
732:
730:
725:
722:
721:
718:
715:
714:
712:
707:
704:
703:
700:
697:
696:
694:
691:
690:
687:
682:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
650:
647:
644:
643:
641:
636:
633:
631:
628:
627:
624:
621:
620:
618:
615:
614:
611:
606:
598:
597:
592:
586:
581:
576:
574:
569:
564:
562:
557:
552:
550:
545:
540:
538:
533:
528:
526:
521:
516:
514:
509:
504:
503:
501:
496:
491:
486:
484:
479:
474:
472:
467:
462:
460:
455:
450:
448:
447:Miles Dempsey
443:
438:
436:
435:Arthur Tedder
431:
426:
423:
418:
412:
411:
409:
408:
403:
399:
387:
382:
371:
368:
356:
353:
341:
338:
326:
324:
314:
311:
299:
297:
292:
287:
284:
272:
270:
259:
256:
244:
242:
231:
229:
228:United States
218:
216:
205:
204:
201:
199:
195:
194:
189:
181:
176:
175:
171:
168:
167:
162:
133:
129:
125:
122:
121:
107:
104:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
82:
76:
71:
68:
64:
63:Western Front
60:
55:
50:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
12494:
12384:
12337:Other places
12148:(UK, Canada)
12061:
11989:
11970:World War II
11915:Bibliography
11898:
11711:Project Hula
11676:Vistula–Oder
11645:
11578:
11569:
11553:
11523:
11472:
11456:
11455:
11447:
11438:
11404:
11301:
11216:
11192:
11155:
10906:
10799:
10744:North Africa
10446:Soviet Union
10400:Soviet Union
10326:Soviet Union
10094:Vatican City
9997:Vichy France
9902:German Reich
9799:Soviet Union
9785:South Africa
9778:Sierra Leone
9731:Newfoundland
9550:Participants
9533:Marocchinate
9237:
9228:
9198:
9076:North Africa
9037:Indian Ocean
8896:Nazi plunder
8787:Cryptography
8660:World War II
8620:
8608:
8553:
8533:
8518:
8499:
8455:. Winnipeg:
8452:
8432:
8412:
8400:. Retrieved
8393:the original
8384:
8366:
8363:Stacey, C.P.
8343:
8319:
8296:
8274:
8271:Keegan, John
8262:
8243:
8227:
8205:
8181:
8157:
8153:Field, Jacob
8134:
8115:
8092:
8069:
8047:
8019:
8000:
7981:
7959:
7940:
7918:
7899:
7877:
7862:. Retrieved
7858:
7842:. Retrieved
7838:the original
7833:
7814:. Retrieved
7809:
7793:. Retrieved
7788:
7764:
7751:
7740:. Retrieved
7736:the original
7731:
7716:. Retrieved
7692:
7673:
7653:
7638:. Retrieved
7614:
7581:
7577:
7558:
7539:
7530:
7504:
7484:
7468:. Retrieved
7464:
7441:
7422:
7413:
7387:
7367:
7341:
7322:. Retrieved
7306:
7293:. Retrieved
7289:the original
7284:
7262:
7258:
7241:
7237:
7220:
7198:
7176:
7154:
7134:
7109:
7096:Bibliography
7082:
7075:Zuehlke 2004
7070:
7058:
7046:
7034:
7022:
7010:
6998:
6986:
6974:
6962:
6950:
6938:
6926:
6914:
6902:
6895:Holland 2014
6875:
6863:
6851:
6839:
6827:
6815:
6803:
6776:
6749:
6737:
6725:
6713:
6701:
6689:
6677:
6665:
6653:
6641:
6629:
6617:
6605:
6593:
6566:
6554:
6542:
6530:
6518:
6506:
6494:
6482:
6455:
6443:
6431:
6404:
6392:
6380:
6368:
6356:
6344:
6332:
6320:
6293:
6281:
6269:
6257:
6245:
6233:
6206:
6194:
6182:
6170:
6158:
6146:
6134:
6122:
6110:
6098:
6086:
6074:
6062:
6050:
6038:
6026:
6014:
6002:
5990:
5978:
5951:
5939:
5927:
5915:
5903:
5876:
5864:
5837:
5825:
5813:
5801:
5789:
5777:
5765:
5753:
5741:
5729:
5717:
5705:
5698:Weigley 1981
5693:
5681:
5669:
5657:
5645:
5640:, p. 6.
5618:
5606:
5594:
5582:
5570:
5563:Douthit 1988
5558:
5546:
5492:Holland 2014
5477:Stanley 2004
5472:
5445:
5395:
5383:
5371:
5359:
5347:
5335:
5323:
5311:
5284:
5272:
5260:
5231:
5219:
5207:
5180:
5120:
5091:
5084:Liedtke 2015
5079:
5072:Liedtke 2015
5067:
5055:
5043:
5031:
5019:
4977:
4965:
4953:
4941:
4898:Bickers 1994
4893:
4866:
4854:
4847:Zuehlke 2004
4842:
4830:
4818:
4806:
4794:
4757:, p. 3.
4735:
4702:
4695:Gilbert 1989
4690:
4678:
4654:Ambrose 1994
4649:
4622:
4610:
4598:
4586:
4574:
4562:
4550:
4538:
4499:
4472:
4460:
4453:Morison 1962
4418:
4411:Meadows 2016
4391:
4379:
4352:
4291:
4278:
4269:
4259:
4231:
4135:
4116:
4107:
4103:
4099:
4070:
4049:piped ashore
4038:
4002:Bény-sur-Mer
3987:
3975:
3921:
3899:
3893:
3881:
3855:
3840:
3801:
3794:
3787:
3782:James Rudder
3768:
3751:
3734:
3708:
3675:
3656:
3646:Richard Gale
3622:Horsa Bridge
3611:
3604:A destroyed
3580:
3553:
3541:
3521:
3502:
3474:
3467:
3423:
3414:
3403:
3397:
3391:
3385:
3379:
3373:
3370:
3363:
3344:
3334:
3329:smoke screen
3323:
3317:
3310:
3302:
3299:Naval losses
3289:minesweepers
3273:Alan G. Kirk
3261:
3241:Flag officer
3230:
3223:crosses the
3184:
3170:
3168:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3117:
3115:
3090:Percy Hobart
3079:
3072:Richard Gale
3011:John Crocker
2901:
2891:
2880:attached to
2729:
2726:Omar Bradley
2719:
2709:
2678:
2668:
2662:Albert Speer
2659:
2650:
2646:
2638:
2623:
2619:116th Panzer
2617:, 21st, and
2595:
2504:assault guns
2497:Generalmajor
2496:
2467:
2450:
2422:
2395:
2378:
2353:
2346:
2329:
2314:Erich Marcks
2308:
2297:
2288:Army Group B
2253:
2248:Adolf Hitler
2245:
2212:
2181:
2174:
2164:
2151:Erwin Rommel
2136:
2134:
2132:impossible.
2113:
2106:map showing
2090:
2036:
2008:
1960:Gold Beaches
1944:
1925:
1901:
1864:
1844:Omar Bradley
1839:. Back row:
1770:
1754:Soviet Union
1750:second front
1732:
1704:
1685:
1639:
1623:Erwin Rommel
1616:Adolf Hitler
1610:, codenamed
1605:
1591:
1586:
1585:. Codenamed
1573:invasion of
1562:
1560:
1541:
1540:
1533:
1529:
1522:
1515:
1508:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1466:
1459:
1458:
1454:Audierne Bay
1427:
1426:
1380:
1373:
1359:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1331:
1330:
1319:
1312:
1300:
1293:
1286:
1279:
1272:
1236:
1220:
1168:
1167:
1132:
1131:
1105:
1099:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1040:
1039:
1033:
1014:
1005:
1004:
988:
982:Postage Able
981:
952:
945:
938:
931:
920:
821:
811:
802:Omaha Beach:
801:
771:
728:
710:
692:
639:
616:
537:Hugo Sperrle
525:Erwin Rommel
495:Omar Bradley
367:South Africa
196:
191:Belligerents
158:49.34; -0.60
79:
44:
12395:Dieppe Raid
12328:Mont Canisy
11646:Bodenplatte
11532:Gothic Line
10751:West Africa
10298:Philippines
10277:Netherlands
10142:Czech lands
10080:Switzerland
10024:Afghanistan
9968:Philippines
9836:Puerto Rico
9752:Philippines
9738:New Zealand
9724:Netherlands
9677:Free France
9428:Prosecution
9229:Osoaviakhim
9099:West Africa
9083:East Africa
8730:Conferences
7742:6 September
7470:15 February
7334:Ellis, L.F.
7015:Wilmot 1997
7003:Wilmot 1997
6979:Wilmot 1997
6955:Wilmot 1997
6919:Wilmot 1997
6856:Beevor 2009
6844:Wilmot 1997
6820:Beevor 2009
6781:Beevor 2009
6769:Beevor 2009
6742:Wilmot 1997
6730:Beevor 2009
6718:Wilmot 1997
6706:Beevor 2009
6694:Beevor 2009
6658:Wilmot 1997
6634:Wilmot 1997
6622:Wilmot 1997
6610:Beevor 2009
6559:Wilmot 1997
6436:Beevor 2009
6424:Beevor 2009
6373:Beevor 2009
6361:Zaloga 2009
6349:Beevor 2009
6337:Wilmot 1997
6313:Beevor 2009
6187:Wilmot 1997
6175:Beevor 2009
6163:Wilmot 1997
6115:Wilmot 1997
6103:Beevor 2009
6091:Wilmot 1997
6079:Wilmot 1997
6067:Beevor 2009
6055:Wilmot 1997
6031:Beevor 2009
5995:Beevor 2009
5971:Wilmot 1997
5956:Beevor 2009
5932:Beevor 2009
5908:Beevor 2009
5896:Wilmot 1997
5881:Beevor 2009
5806:Wilmot 1997
5782:Wilmot 1997
5734:Beevor 2009
5710:Wilmot 1997
5599:Wilmot 1997
5587:Beevor 2009
5575:Escott 2010
5400:Wilmot 1997
5340:Hooton 1999
5328:Murray 1983
5316:Murray 1983
5265:Beevor 2009
5024:Wilmot 1997
5012:Beevor 2009
4982:Wilmot 1997
4970:Wilmot 1997
4958:Beevor 2009
4871:Beevor 2009
4787:Beevor 2009
4755:Beevor 2009
4683:Wilmot 1997
4642:Wilmot 1997
4627:Beevor 2009
4591:Wilmot 1997
4504:Napier 2015
4396:Garner 2019
4372:Beevor 2009
4357:Beevor 2009
4345:Beevor 2009
4330:Beevor 2009
4053:Bill Millin
4051:by Private
4041:Sword Beach
4033:Sword Beach
4023:Sword Beach
4017:Sword Beach
3948:Arromanches
3835:Omaha Beach
3821:Omaha Beach
3815:Omaha Beach
3524:Douve River
3509:Aldis lamps
3505:pathfinders
3451:SAS Brigade
3447:Free French
3352:Bombardment
3309:HNoMS
3277:Philip Vian
3247:during the
3034:Sword Beach
2894:Second Army
2892:Commander,
2886:Sword Beach
2815:Omaha Beach
2720:Commander,
2631:booby traps
2621:divisions.
2552:Map of the
2355:Ostlegionen
2176:Ostlegionen
2157:divisions.
2116:James Stagg
1735:German Army
1581:during the
1502:Houndsworth
1422:La Rochelle
812:Utah Beach:
729:Sword Beach
686:Second Army
617:Omaha Beach
337:New Zealand
310:Netherlands
177:Territorial
156: /
115:6 June 1944
108:6 June 1944
94:Omaha Beach
12542:Categories
12405:Rhino tank
12293:Amfreville
11977:Operations
11746:West Hunan
11579:Pointblank
10908:Silver Fox
10894:Summer War
10647:Winter War
10626:Phoney War
10407:Azerbaijan
10368:Yugoslavia
10263:Luxembourg
10105:Resistance
9845:Yugoslavia
9710:Luxembourg
9512:Sook Ching
9308:War crimes
8910:Technology
8903:Opposition
8845:Lend-Lease
8822:Australian
8815:Home front
8773:Blitzkrieg
8723:Casualties
8714:Commanders
8686:Operations
7791:. BBC News
6943:Flint 2009
6931:Flint 2009
5830:Corta 1997
5818:Corta 1952
5364:Speer 1971
5352:Speer 1971
4946:Traub 2024
4835:Brown 2007
4306:References
4061:Ouistreham
3978:Juno Beach
3970:Juno Beach
3960:Juno Beach
3954:Juno Beach
3884:Gold Beach
3877:Gold Beach
3867:Gold Beach
3861:Gold Beach
3723:Utah Beach
3717:Utah Beach
3433:and River
3431:Caen Canal
3210:Portsmouth
3058:Tom Rennie
3025:Rod Keller
2988:Juno Beach
2919:Gold Beach
2734:Utah Beach
2722:First Army
2696:See also:
2607:Saint-Malo
2598:St Nazaire
2276:: General
2059:metal foil
1987:See also:
1964:Juno Beach
1947:Orne River
1922:Operations
1910:. General
1733:After the
1729:Background
1707:beachheads
1548:Cemeteries
1402:Saint-Malo
971:Pointblank
864:M4 Sherman
711:Juno Beach
693:Gold Beach
640:Utah Beach
610:First Army
12249:Logistics
12164:Cherbourg
12111:Tractable
12037:Fortitude
12013:Charnwood
11811:Manchuria
11697:Indochina
11473:Bagration
10917:Lithuania
10562:Anschluss
10359:Viet Minh
10256:Lithuania
10198:Hong Kong
9961:Manchukuo
9916:Azad Hind
9575:Australia
9375:Aftermath
9238:Paperclip
9133:Aftermath
8933:Total war
8801:Diplomacy
8764:In Europe
7939:(1997) .
7898:(1995) .
7864:4 January
7844:8 January
7762:(1971) .
7662:757924260
7606:144324751
7598:1351-8046
7405:757064836
7397:1826/4017
7324:8 January
7219:(1951) .
7175:(2007) .
7106:(1994) .
6907:Horn 2010
5842:Barr 1944
5623:Yung 2006
4311:Citations
4088:Aftermath
3946:captured
3917:casemated
3905:embrasure
3833:approach
3793:HMS
3788:Satterlee
3786:USS
3606:Waco CG-4
3537:hedgerows
3392:Ramillies
3343:USS
3333:USS
3324:Ramillies
3316:HMS
2746:VII Corps
2647:Luftwaffe
2639:Luftwaffe
2611:15th Army
2143:war games
2138:Luftwaffe
2110:on 5 June
1969:Avranches
1952:Cherbourg
1931:lodgement
1884:Cherbourg
1803:. At the
1565:were the
1542:Aftermath
1495:Bulbasket
1444:Cherbourg
1381:Tractable
1294:Charnwood
1209:Cherbourg
1133:Logistics
939:Fortitude
932:Bodyguard
699:XXX Corps
646:VII Corps
269:Australia
12417:(France)
12373:See also
12349:Hill 262
12323:Merville
12308:Houlgate
12303:Crisbecq
12298:Azeville
12235:(Canada)
12178:(Canada)
12158:Chambois
12152:Carentan
12140:Bréville
12119:(Canada)
12105:Totalize
12089:(Canada)
12065:(German)
12043:Goodwood
12007:Bluecoat
12003:(Canada)
12001:Atlantic
11984:Overlord
11922:Category
11871:document
11781:document
11638:Ardennes
11622:Budapest
11570:Crossbow
11448:Overlord
11287:Smolensk
10498:Timeline
10333:Slovakia
10319:Thailand
10170:Ethiopia
10135:Bulgaria
10059:Portugal
9990:Thailand
9872:Bulgaria
9650:Eswatini
9643:Ethiopia
9596:Bulgaria
9421:Unit 731
9382:Response
9199:Keelhaul
9149:Cold War
9122:Americas
9113:timeline
9106:Atlantic
8986:Theaters
8554:Overlord
8375:39263107
8365:(1946).
8341:(1959).
8317:(2002).
8295:(2018).
8273:(1994).
8261:(1959).
8226:(2019).
8204:(2001).
8179:(1984).
8155:(2014).
8114:(1983).
8090:(1992).
8068:(2006).
7876:(1981).
7812:. London
7672:(1983).
7652:(1962).
7482:(1989).
7366:(2010).
7315:Archived
7295:18 April
7197:(2019).
7132:(2009).
4219:See also
3909:enfilade
3900:Argonaut
3795:Talybont
3774:headland
3642:Ranville
3632:and the
3544:Merderet
3398:Warspite
3374:Arkansas
3318:Warspite
3130:sabotage
3112:in 1944.
3005:British
2716:US zones
2294:7th Army
2043:Le Havre
1867:Brittany
1775:, where
1756:and the
1715:Saint-Lô
1711:Carentan
1575:Normandy
1516:Jedburgh
1439:La Caine
1392:Chambois
1387:Hill 262
1366:Hill 140
1360:Totalize
1353:Bluecoat
1332:Breakout
1320:Goodwood
1313:Atlantic
1307:2nd Odon
1231:Bréville
1197:Carentan
1192:Saint-Lô
1182:Graignes
1156:Mulberry
1139:American
989:Tarbrush
946:Zeppelin
838:Strength
795:7th Army
128:Normandy
123:Location
61:and the
57:Part of
12127:Battles
12117:Windsor
12093:Titanic
12075:Martlet
12069:Mallard
12062:Lüttich
12055:Jupiter
11990:Neptune
11848:Shumshu
11615:Hungary
11562:Estonia
11546:Lapland
11524:Dragoon
11457:Neptune
11439:Ichi-Go
11405:Tempest
11347:Changde
11302:Cottage
11194:Jubilee
10903:Finland
10801:Compass
10507:Prelude
10460:Finland
10346:Vietnam
10312:Romania
10184:Germany
10163:Estonia
10149:Denmark
10128:Belgium
10121:Austria
10114:Albania
10045:Ireland
10031:Andorra
10015:Neutral
9975:Romania
9909:Hungary
9894:Finland
9766:Romania
9658:Finland
9636:Denmark
9582:Belgium
9568:Algeria
9274:Romania
9260:Hungary
9016:Pacific
8740:General
8694:Leaders
8679:Battles
8672:Outline
8595:at the
8587:YouTube
8402:23 June
7804:Staff.
7795:10 June
7789:bbc.com
7640:9 April
7340:(ed.).
7250:8226637
3983:fascine
3515:of the
3459:Samwest
3455:Dingson
3404:Roberts
3345:PC-1261
3311:Svenner
3293:U-boats
3285:R boats
3179:masking
3007:I Corps
2827:V Corps
2258:OB West
2184:OB West
2118:of the
2081:Weather
1973:Falaise
1848:Admiral
1834:General
1827:General
1801:Pacific
1744:leader
1618:placed
1530:Wallace
1523:Dragoon
1481:Titanic
1474:Samwest
1467:Dingson
1397:Falaise
1374:Lüttich
1301:Jupiter
1287:Windsor
1273:Martlet
1267:Douvres
1202:Hill 30
1151:British
1064:Detroit
1059:Chicago
1034:Mallard
953:Titanic
921:Prelude
848:50,350+
734:I Corps
717:I Corps
623:V Corps
398:Germany
179:changes
141:49°20′N
113: (
65:of the
12087:Spring
11825:Debate
11797:Taipei
11790:Borneo
11368:Tarawa
10555:Europe
10516:Africa
10305:Poland
10291:Norway
10270:Malaya
10249:Latvia
10191:Greece
10177:France
10073:Sweden
10038:Bhutan
9759:Poland
9745:Norway
9717:Mexico
9684:Greece
9670:France
9608:Canada
9589:Brazil
9559:Allies
9505:Serbia
9494:Poland
9267:Poland
9253:Baltic
9046:Europe
8748:Topics
8700:Allied
8623:(1944)
8463:
8440:
8419:
8373:
8351:
8327:
8303:
8281:
8250:
8234:
8212:
8189:
8165:
8141:
8122:
8100:
8076:
8054:
8026:
8007:
7988:
7966:
7947:
7925:
7906:
7884:
7816:4 June
7772:
7718:6 June
7699:
7680:
7660:
7621:
7604:
7596:
7565:
7546:
7533:. CNN.
7511:
7492:
7448:
7429:
7403:
7374:
7352:
7269:
7248:
7229:396150
7227:
7205:
7183:
7161:
7142:
7118:
4230:D-Day
4141:
3996:, and
3556:glider
3533:bocage
3463:Cooney
3461:, and
3383:, and
3380:Nevada
3221:convoy
3163:Violet
3156:Tortue
2602:Dieppe
2591:Calais
2571:
2565:
2559:
2495:under
2466:under
2394:under
2345:under
2155:Panzer
2147:Rennes
2124:
2047:Isigny
2032:Calais
2028:Sussex
2001:under
1869:, the
1742:Soviet
1719:Bayeux
1717:, and
1679:, and
1661:
1571:Allied
1532:&
1509:Loyton
1488:Cooney
1434:Ushant
1346:Spring
1106:Gambit
1069:Elmira
1054:Boston
1049:Albany
1000:Fabius
395:
378:
364:
352:Greece
349:
334:
323:Norway
307:
296:Poland
280:
266:
255:France
252:
241:Canada
238:
225:
212:
198:Allies
169:Result
144:0°36′W
132:France
38:, and
12527:Sword
12512:Omaha
12385:D-Day
12318:Maisy
12271:Pluto
12239:Sword
12215:(US)
12213:Omaha
12134:Brest
12099:Tonga
12081:Perch
12031:Epsom
12019:Cobra
11601:Leyte
11431:Narva
11417:Anzio
11375:Makin
11333:Burma
11217:Torch
11186:Rzhev
11140:Kiska
10226:Korea
10212:Japan
10205:Italy
10087:Tibet
10066:Spain
9937:Italy
9698:Italy
9691:India
9615:China
9490:Japan
9090:Italy
9002:China
8954:Women
8573:from
8530:(PDF)
8515:(PDF)
8496:(PDF)
8413:D-Day
8396:(PDF)
8389:(PDF)
7714:. BBC
7602:S2CID
7318:(PDF)
7311:(PDF)
7261:[
7240:[
4252:Notes
3705:Tanks
3576:Jeeps
3439:Dives
3386:Texas
3335:Corry
3283:, 36
3245:Dover
3208:near
3161:Plan
3154:Plan
3147:Plan
3140:Plan
2589:near
2231:116th
1977:Seine
1956:Sword
1888:Paris
1692:mined
1681:Sword
1669:Omaha
1644:—the
1592:D-Day
1534:Hardy
1417:Paris
1407:Brest
1339:Cobra
1280:Epsom
1237:Perch
1214:Naval
1161:Pluto
1112:Sword
1085:Omaha
1015:Tonga
995:Tiger
866:tanks
12522:Juno
12517:Gold
12507:Utah
12241:(UK)
12233:Juno
12229:(UK)
12227:Gold
12221:(US)
12209:(US)
12207:Utah
12184:(UK)
12172:(UK)
12166:(US)
12154:(US)
12146:Caen
12142:(UK)
12136:(US)
12095:(UK)
12083:(UK)
12077:(UK)
12071:(UK)
12057:(UK)
12051:(UK)
12045:(UK)
12033:(UK)
12027:(UK)
12021:(US)
12009:(UK)
11667:1945
11395:1944
11236:1943
11157:Blue
11147:Attu
11054:1942
10813:1941
10665:1940
10603:1939
10532:Asia
10379:POWs
10219:Jews
9930:Iraq
9856:Axis
9806:Tuva
9622:Cuba
8707:Axis
8461:ISBN
8438:ISBN
8417:ISBN
8404:2014
8371:OCLC
8349:ISBN
8325:ISBN
8301:ISBN
8279:ISBN
8248:ISBN
8232:ISBN
8210:ISBN
8187:ISBN
8163:ISBN
8139:ISBN
8120:ISBN
8098:ISBN
8074:ISBN
8052:ISBN
8024:ISBN
8005:ISBN
7986:ISBN
7964:ISBN
7945:ISBN
7923:ISBN
7904:ISBN
7882:ISBN
7866:2024
7846:2020
7818:2024
7797:2014
7770:ISBN
7744:2019
7720:2021
7697:ISBN
7678:ISBN
7658:OCLC
7642:2023
7619:ISBN
7594:ISSN
7563:ISBN
7544:ISBN
7509:ISBN
7490:ISBN
7472:2021
7446:ISBN
7427:ISBN
7401:OCLC
7372:ISBN
7350:ISBN
7326:2020
7297:2014
7267:ISBN
7246:OCLC
7225:OCLC
7203:ISBN
7181:ISBN
7159:ISBN
7140:ISBN
7116:ISBN
4209:The
4194:The
4178:The
4163:The
3897:and
3894:Ajax
3791:and
3620:and
3594:and
3570:and
3562:and
3528:flak
3435:Orne
3395:and
3321:and
3149:Bleu
3142:Vert
2600:and
2542:and
2229:and
2227:19th
2223:11th
2213:The
2204:10th
2202:and
2045:and
2026:and
2024:Kent
1958:and
1723:Caen
1677:Juno
1673:Gold
1665:Utah
1561:The
1226:Caen
1122:Gold
1117:Juno
1090:Utah
862:185
105:Date
8585:on
7586:doi
7393:hdl
4039:On
3651:OKW
3469:BBC
3243:at
2615:2nd
2219:9th
2200:9th
2145:in
2073:in
1577:in
12544::
11968:,
11415:/
8532:.
8517:.
8498:.
8459:.
7857:.
7832:.
7808:.
7787:.
7730:.
7600:.
7592:.
7582:28
7580:.
7529:.
7463:.
7399:.
7344:.
7283:.
6887:^
6788:^
6761:^
6578:^
6467:^
6416:^
6305:^
6218:^
5963:^
5888:^
5849:^
5630:^
5529:^
5514:^
5499:^
5484:^
5457:^
5424:^
5407:^
5296:^
5243:^
5192:^
5153:^
5132:^
5103:^
5004:^
4989:^
4926:^
4905:^
4878:^
4777:^
4762:^
4747:^
4714:^
4661:^
4634:^
4511:^
4484:^
4445:^
4430:^
4403:^
4364:^
4337:^
4318:^
4035:.
3992:,
3688:.
3673:.
3465:.
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