Organisation internationale de la Francophonie

3369:, which reports extensively on the OIF and its summits, remarked that several members of this "merry madhouse" that the OIF had become did not even recognise Kosovo as a country. The “endless enlargement” of the Organisation accelerated following the arrival at the head of the OIF of former UN Secretary General Boutros-Ghali who declared early in his term in 1998 that French being in his opinion the language of solidarity, tolerance, respect for the individual, cultural diversity, universality and openness, the OIF needed to open itself to non francophones. The motivation of small and mid-size countries in joining the organisation appears to be a desire to increase their international visibility. In October 2018, the Irish Minister of State for European Affairs explained that Ireland's accession to the OIF with observer status was one of the steps set out in 'Global Ireland', the Government's initiative to double the scope and impact of Ireland's global footprint in the period to 2025. 2899:(APF) are to represent to the French-speaking authorities, the interests of the French-speaking communities, to promote the democracy, the rule of law and the respect of human rights. Furthermore, it follows the execution by the operators of the Francophonie of action plans elaborated by the Conference of the members using French as a common language It also favours the cooperation and strengthens the solidarity within the French-speaking communities, mainly towards the parliaments of the South. The Parliamentary Assembly of the Francophonie is constituted by member sections representing 77 parliaments or interparliamentary organizations. The Secretary General is the French senator 2664:, and to accept membership applications from Costa Rica, Mexico and Kosovo as observers of La Francophonie. Resolutions were passed on Maternal, Newborn and Child Health; the Ongoing Ebola Virus Epidemic in West Africa and the Risks of It Spreading through the Francophonie; Crisis Situations, Crisis Recovery and Peacebuilding in La Francophonie; Terrorism; the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions; Education and Training of Women and Youth in the Digital Age; Financial and Banking Education; Counterfeit Drugs and Medical Products; and the Promotion of Sustainable Tourism in Small Island Developing States. 890: 2586: 464: 3373:

training, youth, gender equality, civil society — bringing a fundamental shift from the cultural to the political sphere. Jacques Legendre, the French senate's rapporteur on the Francophonie, expressed his concern that the OIF was becoming "a second-rate duplicate of the General Assembly of the UN". Many actors of the francophone sphere interested in the future of the organisation, including Former French ministers or secretaries of state for the Francophonie such as Pierre-André Wiltzer and Jean-Baptiste Lemoyne, have been calling on the OIF to refocus on its fundamentals: language and culture.

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achievements of the Francophonie. It provides wide access to original television programmes in French, and contributes to the development of the language and French-speaking cultures. It broadcasts the different forms of the French language spoken around the world, with all their accents. It reaches beyond native speakers of French; the majority of those who can receive it and part of its audience comprise viewers for whom French is not the mother tongue. Thanks to subtitles in various languages, it provides access to the Francophonie to non-French speakers - it is translated into 12 languages.

3365:, expressed concern that the enlargement of the OIF to countries where French is practically nonexistent risks diluting the effectiveness of the organisation. Despite calls for a moratorium on the admission of new members, each new Sommet de la Francophonie has witnessed the admission of batches of new members that have little, if anything, to do with the French language: Bosnia-Herzegovina, the Dominican Republic, the United Arab Emirates, Estonia and Montenegro in 2010; Qatar and Uruguay in 2012; Mexico, Costa Rica and Kosovo in 2014. On that occasion, the Montreal daily 1977: 404: 5022:"Cette langue porte les plus beaux mots du monde : la solidarité, la tolérance, le respect de la personne humaine, l’attachement à la diversité des cultures. En étant francophones nous sommes par là même universels et cette universalité nous appelle à beaucoup d’exigence car la francophonie est d’abord une école. L’école de la diversité. J’ai toujours voulu penser le français comme une langue non alignée, comme une langue d’ouverture, comme une langue qui nous donne accès au grand large. C’est pourquoi nous devons aussi nous ouvrir aux non francophones." 2543: 936: 449: 53: 1231: 1930: 344: 633: 1917: 223: 509: 810: 1274: 1797: 3196: 952: 361: 601: 2355: 2951: 2429: 283: 99: 6772: 874: 434: 5949: 921: 730: 389: 2677: 696: 680: 2825:

influence of French speakers; (2) the use of French; (3) cultural and linguistic diversity; (4) the OIF as a space for peace, stability, democracy, and human rights; and (5) the OIF as a hub for cooperation and innovation. French President Macron emphasised 3 areas to support "the ambition for the French language and multilingualism", which were: (1) learning; (2) communicating; and (3) creating. Louise Mushikiwabo was re-elected as Secretary General.

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the operating agencies' activities on the five major cooperation programs of La Francophonie: (1) freedom, democracy and development; (2) culture and communications; (3) knowledge and progress; (4) economics and development; and (5) La Francophonie in the world. This summit also underscored the promotion of cultural diversity as more legitimate and necessary than ever, ascribing it a role in promoting peace.

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in Africa, the promotion of gender equality, the empowerment of women and girls, the prevention of extremism, and the vocational and technical training, energy, the promotion of linguistic diversity, the situation of children, local development, environment, dialogue between cultures as a factor of sustainable development, road safety and the blue economy. Canadian prime minister

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development of the French language and to the promotion of the diverse languages and cultures of its members, while encouraging mutual understanding between them and the Francophonie. For this reason, it is a place of exchange and dialogue and its simultaneous in Francophone countries. The Agency's headquarters are in Paris and it has three regional branches in

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Their job is to facilitate Francophone multilateral cooperation and to ensure that programs and activities of all operating agencies work in harmony. The Secretary General carries out their four-year mandate under the authority of the three main institutions of the Francophonie: the Summits, the Ministerial Conference and the Permanent Council.

3433:'s lamentable track record on human rights. "How will the Francophonie be able to promote freedom of the press, as part of its mission of advocating for human rights, if it's headed by one of the key leaders of a country that's trampled on media freedom and repressed journalists for 18 years?" asked Christophe Deloire, secretary general of 1586:(often capitalized in English), also refers to the global community of French-speaking peoples, comprising a network of private and public organizations promoting equal ties among countries where French or Belgian people or France or Belgium played a significant historical role, culturally, militarily, or politically. 2454:

henceforth defines its four main missions: (1) promoting the French language and cultural and linguistic diversity; (2) promoting peace, democracy and human rights; (3) supporting education, training, higher education and research and (4) developing cooperation to ensure sustainable development and solidarity.

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of the member countries, chaired by the General Secretary of the Francophonie and under the authority of the Ministerial Conference, its main task is to plan Summits. This conference also supervises the execution of the Summit decisions made by the ministerial conferences on a day-to-day basis, about

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The Ministerial Conference of the Francophonie gathers the foreign or francophone affairs ministers of member states and governments every year to ensure the political continuity of the Summit. This conference ensures that the decisions made during the previous Summits are carried out and to plan the

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The summit's main theme was youth. Two secondary themes, the economy and new technologies, were also discussed. In Moncton, the heads of state and government also decided to hold three sectoral conferences in preparation for the following summit: (1) a symposium assessing democratic practices, rights

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Summit agreed to create the position of Secretary General and transform the Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT) into the Intergovernmental Agency of La Francophonie (AIF) and to establish the position of chief executive to manage it. The heads of state and government decided to focus

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The Secretary General of the Francophonie is elected during the Summit, and serves as the spokesperson and the official representative internationally of the political actions of the Francophonie. The Secretary General is responsible for proposing priority areas for multilateral Francophonie actions.

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1999 Francophonie Summit in Moncton, Canada, when Canadian dailies loudly denounced the organisation's silence regarding widespread human rights abuses by member states ruled by "tyrants". It was pointed out that no less than 35 member states of the OIF had been accused of human rights violations by

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41 countries and governments were represented. The conference was an effort to establish ongoing consultations on major issues of the day. It affirmed the role of the French language as a modern tool for progress and intercultural dialogue and sought to convey Francophone solidarity through concrete

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The Francophonie is committed to working towards sustainable development by supporting the improvement of economic governance, capacity building, cooperation and the search for common positions in major international negotiations. It's necessary to manage durably the natural resources, particularly

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The International Organization of the Francophonie aims at connecting the various peoples using French as a common language through their knowledge. Education, like access to autonomy and information for all, begins with all children having access to a full primary education free of any inequality.

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The theme of the summit was “Shared Growth and Responsible Development: Conditions for Stability Around the World and within the Francophonie". The Summit addressed crisis and consolidation of peace in the Francophone world including questions of security and responding to Daesh and its affiliates

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The theme of the summit was “La Francophonie, Economic and Environment Issues in the face of Global Governance”. Resolutions were passed on (1) the situation in Mali; (2) the situation in the DRC; (3) piracy in the Gulf of Guinea; (4) good governance of the extractive and forest industries; and (5)

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The main theme of the summit was "Dialogue of Cultures". Issues relating to the Middle East were addressed. The heads of state and government made a commitment to implement the Bamako Declaration on democracy, good governance and human rights. The summit also indicated support for UNESCO's cultural

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Revised Charter was implemented and Boutros Boutros-Ghali was appointed the first secretary general. The summit's main theme was economic cooperation, however the Heads of State and Government also agreed to focus their efforts on peace and conflict prevention in member countries. In addition, they

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Human rights and fundamental freedoms, despite having been declared "categorical imperatives" by Secretary General Boutros-Ghali in 1998, are routinely abused by many members states of the OIF. The deplorable track record of many OIF member states regarding human rights came to the fore during the

3109:. Every year the association coordinates the day of French language within International Organisations. It also organizes seminaries to increase awareness about the importance of linguistic, cultural and conceptual diversity. The president is the French international civil servant Dominique Hoppe. 2142:

Established areas of cooperation and the strengthening of solidarity among the countries and governments that participated in the Paris Summit. La Francophonie's priority areas were confirmed as agriculture, energy, scientific and technological development, language, communication and culture. The

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It involves an integrated approach of teaching and training from primary to secondary school that will lead to employment. Education policies must also give French an integral place alongside the partner languages. Last, the research potential of French-language academic streams must be promoted.

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Francophonie where they discuss international politics, world economy, French-speaking cooperation, human rights, education, culture and democracy. Actions of the International Organization of the Francophonie are scheduled over a period of four years and funded by contributions from its members.

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with an initial group of 20 founder-cities. It is an operating agency for urban development gathering 48 countries or governments. The goal is to establish close cooperation in all areas of municipal activities. Its missions are to strengthen local democracy, building municipal capacities, and to

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French President Macron's surprise announcement in May 2018 that France officially backed the nomination of Louise Mushikiwabo, Rwanda's longtime foreign minister, as the next secretary general of the OIF was seen by many as a setback for the defense and promotion of human rights. An open letter

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Held as part of the 400th anniversary celebration of the founding of Quebec City. The world financial and food crises were discussed and environmental talks were held. Heads of state and government expressed their support for the initiative to hold a global summit on the financial crisis and the

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The summit's main theme was “Information Technologies in Education”. The heads of state and government passed five resolutions on (1) the Global Digital Solidarity Fund; (2) dumping of toxic waste in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire; (3) international migration and development; (4) the positioning of a UN

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The summit's main theme was "La Francophonie: A Space of Solidarity for Sustainable Development". A ministerial conference on conflict prevention and human security was held concurrently in St. Boniface, Manitoba, and adopted the very first ten-year strategic framework for La Francophonie, which

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The membership of the OIF has climbed from 21 in 1970 to 88 member states and territories in 2018. This sharp increase in the number of member states, many of whom have little to no connection with the French language and culture, has been a matter of growing concern. In their 1996 study on the

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Summit was scheduled for 2020, the 50th anniversary of the OIF, but it was delayed. Its objective was to become a "space for solidarity that is better governed, more inclusive, digital, innovative, sustainable and prosperous for its people" by 2030. This was to be achieved by promoting: (1) the

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Based on the sharing of the French language, the missions of this new intergovernmental organization are the promotion of the cultures of its members and the intensification of the cultural and technical cooperation between them, as well as the solidarity and the connection between them through

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Following the arrival of Boutros-Ghali, the OIF had also seen a steady increase in the number of its missions and priority action areas — peace and conflict prevention, human rights, democracy, international cooperation, sustainable development, cultural and linguistic diversity, education and

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is the first international French language television network, available in many countries. On television and online the audience of TV5Monde has grown rapidly. TV5 is one of the three largest television networks in the world (along with the BBC and CNN), and is considered one of the greatest

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Issues discussed included climate change, food and economic crises, and problems related to biodiversity, water and forests. Montreux Declaration on the vision and future of the Francophonie was agreed calling for the organization to take a role in global governance and to support sustainable

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The Summit, the highest authority in the Francophonie, is held every two years and gathers the heads of states and governments of all member states of the OIF around certain themes of discussion. It is chaired by the head of state or government of the host country and this person assumes that

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programme received a financial contribution from the Federal Public Service (FPS) Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation of the Kingdom of Belgium for the years 2013 and 2014 to support the outreach to the francophone world and the promotion of volunteerism via its Online

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In recent years, some participating governments, notably the governments of Canada and Quebec, pushed for the adoption of a Charter in order for the organization to sanction member States that are known to have poor records when it comes to the protection of human rights and the practice of

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The International Organization of the Francophonie leads political actions and multilateral cooperation according to the missions drawn by the Summits of the Francophonie. The Summits gather the Heads of states and governments of the member countries of the International Organization of the

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The Agency of the Francophonie is the main operator of the cultural, scientific, technical, economic and legal cooperation programs decided at the Summits. It is also the legal seat of the Secretary General and is used by him as an administrative support. The agency also contributes to the

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and to also support French language and education. Resolutions were passed on: (1) piracy; (2) counterfeit or expired pharmaceuticals; (3) transborder crime in Africa; (4) terrorism; (5) flood-affected countries; (6) the reconstruction of Haiti; (7) countries in crisis, crisis recovery and

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The Francophonie intends to contribute significantly to promoting peace, democracy and support for the rule of law and human rights by focusing on prevention. Political stability and full rights for all, the subject of the Bamako declaration, are considered key to sustainable development.

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as systematically violating freedom of the press. Prime Minister Chrétien and President Chirac felt compelled to declare at the close of the summit that a human rights observatory would be established to tackle the problem. Given that during his 12-year tenure, President Chirac, dubbed

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The Francophonie has chosen to provide its member countries with access to the expertise of its extensive intergovernmental, institutional, academic and non-governmental network with a view to building national capacities, resolving conflict and providing support for ending crises.

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signed by four former French ministers for international cooperation condemned this move, on one hand because it was taken unilaterally by the French president without consultation with the other member states of the organisation and on the other because it disregarded President

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responsibility until the next summit. By enabling the heads of state and government to hold a dialogue on all international issues of the day, the summit serves to develop strategies and goals of the Francophonie so as to ensure the organisation's influence on the world scene.

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Nearly 50 countries and governments from all five continents attended. The Ministerial Conference of La Francophonie and the Permanent Council of La Francophonie were created, and the role of the ACCT as the secretariat of all of the organization's institutions was confirmed.

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There had been a consensus at the Kinshasa Summit (2012), that the enlargement of the OIF should be restricted and several members even called for a total stop but they were ignored. Christian Rioux, "Faut-il encore élargir la Francophonie?", Le Devoir, Montreal, 26 November

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The Francophonie has been a pioneer in terms of the recognition of cultural diversity and dialogue of cultures. It must find ways of confronting the trend towards uniformity that accompanies globalization and fostering the preservation and development of cultural diversity.

3183:. It directs the capacities of the managers and trainers to the action and the exercise of responsibilities in certain domains for the development: the project management, the financial institutions, the environment, the nutrition-health and of the cultural heritage. The 3357:

Francophone space, linguists Daniel Baggioni and Roland Breton pointed out, alluding to the applications of Bulgaria and Angola to join the OIF, that only politico-diplomatic criteria could explain these odd extensions of the OIF. Xavier Deniau, founder of the

5040: 2763:'s personal choice. This unilateral decision by the French President was strongly criticized by four former French cabinet members responsible for the francophonie dossier who also criticized the deplorable human rights record of Rwanda under 2492:

force in the Central African Republic; and (5) climate change. The Ministerial Conference of La Francophonie approved a guide on the use of the French language in international organizations. Abdou Diouf was re-elected for a four-year term.

1621:. Starting as a small group of French-speaking countries, the Francophonie has since evolved into a global organization whose numerous branches cooperate with its member states in the fields of culture, science, economy, justice, and peace. 3264: 2416:

diversity principle that entrenches the right of states and governments to maintain, establish and develop policies in support of culture and cultural diversity. Senegal's former president Abdou Diouf was elected Secretary General.

3275:. Maintaining the relative importance of the status of French is an imperative that requires solidarity and the pooling of means and resources among countries committed to the French language within their respective societies. 2573:

peacebuilding and finally, (8) the 10th anniversary of the Bamako Declaration, entrenching the political role of La Francophonie. The Summit also confirmed the re-election of Abdou Diouf for a third four-year term.

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Its mission is to contribute to the construction and consolidation of a scientific space in French. It supports the French language, cultural and linguistic diversity, law and democracy, and the environment and

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At the national level, there is the problem of promoting the French language within the context of its co-existence with other partner or international languages in most member countries, especially in

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and freedoms in the French-speaking world, to be held in Bamako, Mali; (2) a ministerial conference on culture in Cotonou, Benin; and (3) the first Women of La Francophonie conference in Luxembourg.

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regularly organizes seminaries to help its students and of the public specialized in the domains of its action, by collaborating with the other operators and the institutions of the Francophonie.

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Institute of Energy and Environment of La Francophonie, based in Quebec City, and the Francophone Business Forum, a non-governmental organization of French-speaking business people, were created.

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The primary mission of the organization is the promotion of the French language as an international language and the promotion of worldwide cultural and linguistic diversity in the era of

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reform of the international economic system. They also pointed out that the financial crisis should not overshadow the food crisis and be resolved at the expense of developing countries.

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For example at the Beyrouth Summit (2002), when Louise Beaudoin, Minister of international relations of Quebec called for tightening the admission criteria to the OIF. Christian Rioux,

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The Francophonie project ceaselessly evolved since the creation of the Agency for Cultural and Technical Co-operation, it became the intergovernmental Agency of the Francophonie (

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Glasze, Georg (2007): "The Discursive Constitution of a World-spanning Region and the Role of Empty Signifiers: the Case of Francophonia." In: Geopolitics (12)4: 656–679. (pdf:

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support the populations. The association pursues its actions in the domains of health, culture, youth and education, urban development, training, and municipal infrastructures.

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The organization comprises 88 member states and governments; of these, 54 states and governments are full members, 7 are associate members and 27 are observers. The term

4262: 3922: 4063: 2999:'s membership was suspended in April 2009 due to an unconstitutional transfer of power on 17 March 2009. Mali's membership was also suspended in March 2012 due to a 6824: 6163: 5952: 5226: 3953: 3552: 4526: 4013: 3975: 3883: 3425:

noted at the time that if respect for fundamental freedoms was to become a criterion for membership in the OIF, the organisation would simply cease to exist.

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the energy and the water, and politics are established to make sure of the conservation of these resources with effective anti-poverty campaigns.

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as the principal operating agency and the key instrument of La Francophonie as a multilateral organization. During the summit, French President

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was granted observer status. The summit adopted declarations on the organisation's budget, equality between men and women, and other issues.

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Meeting agreed to initiatives in education and training, the environment, and legal and judicial cooperation and confirmed the role of the

4035: 6481: 6156: 5898: 4576: 4549: 4177: 52: 5288: 4940: 6839: 6684: 6304: 6121: 4915: 4832: 3761: 3673: 6859: 5978: 5341: 4366: 1639:) was signed on 20 March 1970 by the representatives of the 21 states and governments under the influence of African Heads of State, 1506: 6854: 5175: 3863: 3167:

The project of creating a French-speaking university in the service of African development was presented and adopted following the

6018: 5862: 5065: 5033:"October - Ireland granted Observer Status at the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie - Department of Foreign Affairs" 3787: 3738: 3562: 3071: 3043: 1835: 1710: 6149: 1616: 1257: 4455:"L'Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) suspend la Thaïlande et réintègre la Guinée-Bissau dans ses instances" 3910: 6690: 4724: 4437: 4237: 6442: 6000: 5971: 2900: 4779: 4383: 3012: 64: 2707: 1839: 6038: 2992: 1666:) in 1998 to remind its intergovernmental status. Finally in 2005, the adoption of a new Charter of the Francophonie ( 5218: 3016: 1342: 5448: 4518: 4409: 3945: 3887: 469: 4005: 3695: 6600: 6396: 5144: 4086: 3645: 3259:. In this regard, countries that are members of the Francophonie have contributed largely to the adoption by the 3042:

The International Organization of the Francophonie relies on five operating agencies to carry out its mandate: l’

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Leaders importance of economic issues, calling for increased cooperation among Francophone business communities.

1370: 4116: 6543: 6053: 6030: 6010: 5913: 5888: 5310:, a social network for Francophiles, Francophones and those learning French (features articles and interviews). 3492: 3462: 1332: 4487: 4147: 2335: 6709: 5334: 3303:, the Francophonie has given itself the financial means to attain a number of set objectives in that regard. 1899: 1499: 1437: 1309: 5593: 3000: 895: 6043: 4610: 1602: 6736: 6048: 5644: 3537: 3522: 3106: 3034:

has one of the largest French-speaking communities in the world, it is not a member of the organisation.

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withdrew its application for observer status after its bid was opposed due to criticisms of the lack of

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announced the cancellation of the debt of thirty-five African countries to France. The establishment of

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The summit's main theme was “Women and Youth in La Francophonie: Agents for Peace and Development”.

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of Burkina Faso "personal friends", nothing came out of this declaration. The French daily

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on 26–27 November 2004 saw the adoption of a strategic framework for the period 2004–2014.

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gathers institutions of higher education and research among the Francophone countries of

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Michaëlle Jean sought a second four-year term as Secretary-General but was defeated by

2260: 2189: 1982: 1613:("equality, complementarity, and solidarity"), a deliberate allusion to France's motto 1423: 1404: 1393: 1304: 1028: 5062: 3734: 3416: 3218:

defines the role and missions of the organization. The current charter was adopted in

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in English) is an international organization representing countries and regions where

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L'Assemblée des Francophones Fonctionnaires des Organisations Internationales (AFFOI)

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Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions

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resolved to cooperate with the international community in protecting human rights.

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La Francophonie: History, Structure, Organisation, and Philosophical Underpinnings

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Its mission is to support the French language and the linguistic diversity within

2370: 1670:) gives the name to the Agency of international Organisation of the Francophonie ( 6776: 6587: 6369: 6349: 5878: 5528: 5307: 5118: 5069: 4944: 4441: 4434: 4370: 4349: 4318:"Legault confirms his attendance at the Francophonie Summit in France in October" 4070: 3946:"Trudeau visits Madagascar for la Francophonie summit of French-speaking nations" 3867: 3742: 3660: 3649: 2855: 2776: 2760: 2744: 1916: 1644: 1558: 1544: 1536: 1480: 1432: 1375: 1290: 815: 152: 6141: 3318: 2408: 1409: 6364: 6359: 6334: 6083: 5726: 4783: 3532: 3512: 3138: 3134: 3083: 2703: 2560: 2522: 2288: 2135: 1696: 1447: 1365: 1356: 1044: 4387: 3351: 3023:

became the first US state to join, as an observer. In 2021, the government of

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List of international organisations which have French as an official language

3315:

democracy. Such a measure was debated at least twice but was never approved.

3008: 2862:

The theme of the summit is "creating, innovating and undertaking in French".

2653: 2603: 1842:(1977, 1978–1979), Minister of State for Foreign Affairs of Egypt (1977–1991) 1562: 606: 365: 3674:"88 États et gouvernements – Organisation internationale de la Francophonie" 1796: 1740:

for another mandate which ran until 31 December 2014. At the 2014 summit in

1565:

or customary language, where a significant proportion of the population are

5403: 4488:"Louisiana joins international organization of French-speaking governments" 4148:"Louisiana joins international organization of French-speaking governments" 3813:"Canada's Michaelle Jean chosen to lead organisation of Francophone states" 3610: 3517: 3296: 3227: 3219: 3195: 3150: 2817: 2772: 2768: 2685: 1648: 1386: 288: 20: 3399:, had confided more than once that Africa was not ready for multipartism ( 6663: 6639: 6629: 5806: 5608: 5588: 5508: 3497: 3430: 3243:

Supporting education, training, higher education and scientific research.

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next Summit. It also recommends new members and observers to the Summit.

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crisis situations, crisis recovery and peacebuilding in La Francophonie.

2513: 2437: 2173: 2126: 1858: 1725: 1566: 1475: 941: 879: 638: 6771: 4413: 3710:"Welcome to the International Organisation of La Francophonie's website" 2652:

was elected Secretary-General. Heads of State and Government readdmited

2354: 6701: 5781: 5776: 5670: 5603: 5543: 5533: 5523: 5428: 3542: 3404: 3176: 3153:(Paris' mayor) since 2009, with Pierre Baillet as permanent secretary. 3129:

The International Association of French-speaking Mayors was created in

3079: 2996: 2988: 2950: 2913: 2657: 2641: 2251: 926: 735: 701: 685: 394: 98: 3638: 3488:

Espace Francophone pour la Recherche, le Développement et l'Innovation

3376: 3124: 3007:

was suspended at the 88th session of the CPF (March 2012), as well as

2783:

was promoted from associate to full membership. The American state of

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Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie

2594: 2551: 1737: 499: 484: 334: 319: 273: 5349: 4862:"Programming of the International Organization of la Francophonie" 4208:"La Francophonie confirme le report de son sommet à novembre 2022" 4064:"Louise Mushikiwabo n’a pas sa place à la tête de la Francophonie" 1633:

which created the Agency for Cultural and Technical Co-operation (

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Milhaud, Olivier (2006): "Post-Francophonie?". EspacesTemps.net.

5112:

La presse canadienne fait assaut de critiques sur la Francophonie

5061:"un doublon médiocre de l'Assemblée Générale des Nations-Unies", 3031: 2933: 2775:

in the country and concerns over the disappearance of journalist

2735: 2711: 2361: 1736:, and elected again in 2010 at the Summit of the Francophonie of 1003: 988: 973: 911: 849: 798: 766: 669: 439: 304: 228: 213: 198: 182: 5316:

is the assembly of French speaking international civil servants.

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L'Institut de l’énergie et de l'environnement de la Francophonie

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Promoting French language and cultural and linguistic diversity.

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the examination of the propositions of the budget distribution.

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The four missions drawn by the Summit of the Francophonie are:

3204: 3075: 2808: 2752: 2399: 1630: 1082: 864: 782: 590: 575: 544: 380: 349: 4519:"La Nouvelle-Écosse demandera le statut d'observateur à l'OIF" 2040: 1852: 1751:

was chosen to lead the organization starting in January 2015.

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Supporting education, training, higher education and research

3168: 3142: 2929: 2917: 2780: 2632: 2326: 2213: 2164: 1741: 1692: 1590: 1101: 832: 622: 559: 529: 258: 141: 79: 4238:"Djerba Summit: defining new ambitions for the Francophonie" 3386:, while 15 member states were among the countries listed by 5613: 5538: 5513: 5438: 4672: 4632: 3352:

Proliferation of non-Francophone member states and missions

3291:, the Francophonie has as its stated aims the promotion of 2925: 2661: 1691:

was created in 1997 at the seventh leaders' summit held in

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Countries by the number of recognized official languages

6207:

Countries by the number of recognized official languages

5313: 4087:"Saudi Arabia withdraws bid to join Francophonie group" 3653: 886: 5993: 3886:. International.gc.ca. 18 January 2013. Archived from 3844: 3842: 3840: 3838: 3553:

List of countries where French is an official language

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TV5Monde, the French-speaking international television

3027:

announced its intention to apply for observer status.

2882:

The Permanent Council of the Francophonie gathers the

6760: 2026:

Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of Rwanda

6079:

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons

5009:

Marie Verdier, "La francophonie en pleine errance",

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Journée internationale de la Francophonie (March 20)

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http://www.senat.fr/rap/r16-436/r16-4366.html#toc46

4286: 4284: 4006:"La Francophonie grants observer status to Ontario" 3835: 3377:

Disregard for human rights and fundamental freedoms

3156: 3125:

International Association of French-speaking Mayors

505: 4727:. Senghor University of Alexandria. Archived from 3359:Association des parlementaires de langue française 3251:French language, cultural and linguistic diversity 3052:Association Internationale des Maires Francophones 2954:Members of and participants in the Francophonie: 6171: 5083:"La Francophonie au bord de la cacophonie ?" 3453:Minister responsible for La Francophonie (Canada) 2714:was granted observer status in the organisation. 1589:The modern organisation was created in 1970. Its 806: 6816: 4807:"Organisation internationale de la Francophonie" 4281: 3344: 3141:, then the respective mayors of Quebec City and 2568:development, food security and biodiversity and 3361:(now the Parliamentary assembly) and author of 3246:Expand cooperation for sustainable development. 1134:28,223,185 km (10,897,033 sq mi) 597: 6825:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 6127:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 5351:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 5289:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 4938:La "francophonie" : définitions et usages 4856: 4854: 4435:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 4376: 4343:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 4296:Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie 3401:l'Afrique n'est pas mûre pour le multipartisme 1707:Agence intergouvernementale de la Francophonie 1672:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 1664:Agence intergouvernementale de la Francophonie 1523:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 279: 6691:Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa 6157: 5979: 5858:Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique 5335: 4479: 4373:, Radio France Internationale, 27 August 2008 3849:Structure and institutions of La Francophonie 3448:Agence de coopération culturelle et technique 3062:Association of Francophone Universities (AUF) 2906: 2182:Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique 1702:Agence de coopération culturelle et technique 1636:Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique 1500: 932: 870: 629: 6718:International Organization of Turkic Culture 4774: 4772: 4444:. Francophonie.org. Retrieved on 2013-07-12. 3911:"Francophonie Summit Welcomes COP22 Outcome" 3908: 3805: 3608: 3508:Geographical distribution of French speakers 3473:Conseil international de la langue française 3240:Promoting peace, democracy and human rights. 1614: 1577: 1551: 1521: 1110: 917: 726: 692: 676: 385: 85: 34: 5899:Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie 4912:"UNV Online Volunteering service, Partners" 4851: 3754: 3615:is the name of the "French-speaking world". 1705:from 1989 until the formal creation of the 1683:Executive Secretariat (Secretaries-General) 741: 6835:International organisations based in Paris 6685:Community of Portuguese Language Countries 6300:Countries and capitals in native languages 6164: 6150: 6122:Community of Portuguese Language Countries 5986: 5972: 5853:Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie 5342: 5328: 3222:, on 23 November 2005. The summit held in 2897:Parliamentary Assembly of the Francophonie 2192:in Alexandria, Egypt, was also agreed to. 1507: 1493: 490: 475: 460: 325: 310: 264: 97: 6845:United Nations General Assembly observers 6830:French-speaking countries and territories 4769: 3467:Journée internationale de la Francophonie 2890: 2868: 994: 979: 964: 902: 840: 789: 757: 660: 430: 295: 219: 204: 189: 173: 4625: 4574: 4547: 4485: 4402: 4145: 3943: 3194: 2949: 2039: 855: 773: 581: 566: 535: 340: 5863:Agence universitaire de la Francophonie 5173: 5130:Christian Rioux, "La Franco... quoi?", 5121:Agence France-Presse, 1 September 1999. 5000:, Le Devoir, Montreal, 1 December 2014. 4977:, Le Devoir, Montreal, 17 October 2002. 4578:La Francophonie dans le Monde 2006-2007 4551:La Francophonie dans le Monde 2006-2007 4059: 4057: 3563:List of French possessions and colonies 3328:Cooperation for sustainable development 3072:Association of Francophone Universities 3044:Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie 1836:Secretary-General of the United Nations 1711:Secretary-General of the United Nations 823: 613: 550: 520: 445: 249: 92:"Equality, complementarity, solidarity" 6817: 5174:Raverdy, Quentin (26 September 2019). 5145:"Mort de Jacques Chirac, "l'Africain"" 4701:. Government of Canada. 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Archived from 4412:. francophonie.org. Archived from 4386:. francophonie.org. Archived from 3590: 14: 6871: 6840:Organizations established in 1970 5267: 4517:Murat, Philippe (28 April 2021). 4498:from the original on 26 July 2020 4467:from the original on 30 June 2015 4158:from the original on 26 July 2020 3909:Staff Writer (27 November 2016). 3676:. 1 November 2018. Archived from 3415:of the Republic of the Congo and 3283:Peace, democracy and human rights 2044:Flags of the Francophonie members 6860:Language education organizations 6770: 5948: 5947: 5449:Democratic Republic of the Congo 4951:, 2006, volume 62, no. 1, p. 97. 3299:. Following the 3 November 2000 3157:Senghor University of Alexandria 2836: 2798: 2725: 2675: 2622: 2591:Democratic Republic of the Congo 2584: 2541: 2503: 2465: 2427: 2389: 2353: 2316: 2278: 2241: 2203: 2154: 2116: 2078: 1988: 1975: 1928: 1915: 1864: 1851: 1808: 1795: 1272: 1229: 1184: 1183: 996: 981: 966: 950: 934: 919: 904: 888: 872: 857: 842: 825: 808: 791: 775: 759: 743: 728: 711: 694: 678: 662: 646: 631: 615: 599: 583: 568: 552: 537: 522: 507: 492: 477: 462: 447: 432: 417: 402: 387: 374: 359: 342: 327: 312: 297: 281: 266: 251: 238: 221: 206: 191: 175: 63: 51: 6855:Language advocacy organizations 6601:List of Indo-European languages 6397:Languages of the European Union 5211: 5198: 5167: 5137: 5124: 5105: 5074: 5055: 5025: 5016: 5003: 4990: 4980: 4967: 4954: 4930: 4904: 4873: 4825: 4799: 4743: 4659:La Francophonie dans le Monde.. 4651: 4568: 4541: 4529:from the original on 3 May 2021 4510: 4447: 4428: 4357: 4336: 4310: 4255: 4230: 4200: 4170: 4139: 4109: 4079: 4028: 3998: 3968: 3937: 3902: 3854: 3149:The association is presided by 6054:International Seabed Authority 5889:International Francophonie Day 4214:(in French). 28 October 2021. 3764:. France Inter. Archived from 3728: 3702: 3684: 3666: 3602: 3581: 3463:International Francophonie Day 1761: 1728:, the former president of the 1550:International Organisation of 1343:Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts 1: 6710:Organization of Turkic States 6418: 6189: 4975:Beyrouth: la démocratie écope 4964:, Montreal, 4 September 1999. 4364:"L’OIF suspend la Mauritanie" 4269:(in French). 18 November 2022 4117:"Ghana joins La Francophonie" 3622: 3345:Criticism of the organisation 1531:; sometimes shortened to the 6560:By number of native speakers 6044:International Criminal Court 5208:, 5–6 September 1999, p. 11. 4998:Francophonie ou Francofunny? 4575:Valantin, Christian (2007). 4548:Valantin, Christian (2007). 3884:"Summits of La Francophonie" 3663:). Accessed 22 January 2009. 3587:Belgian linguistic community 2105:programs with broad appeal. 1677: 1668:la Charte de la Francophonie 1617:liberté, égalité, fraternité 7: 6572:By number of total speakers 6049:International Monetary Fund 5995:International organizations 5645:French Community of Belgium 3523:French in the United States 3440: 3190: 3107:International Organisations 2759:, who was French President 2710:. The Canadian province of 1582:(with a lowercase "f"), or 245:French Community of Belgium 36:Organisation internationale 10: 6876: 6606:List of Mongolic languages 6059:World Customs Organization 5081:Vif, Le (9 October 2018). 3748:Radio France International 3735:FRANCOPHONIE 18 March 2006 3160: 3088:Central and Eastern Europe 2943: 2939: 2907:Agency of the Francophonie 2035: 1964:Governor General of Canada 1746:Governor General of Canada 1624: 18: 16:International organization 6729: 6626: 6585: 6552: 6519: 6428: 6424: 6413: 6290: 6199: 6195: 6184: 6102: 6064:Inter-Parliamentary Union 6028: 6009: 5943: 5922: 5871: 5845: 5825: 5699: 5663: 5638:National/regional members 5637: 5366: 5357: 5013:, Paris, 11 October 2018. 4881:"La voix de la diversité" 4870:, accessed on 5 May 2011. 4796:, accessed on 5 May 2011. 4780:"La voix de la diversité" 3528:Franco-Canadian relations 3435:Reporters Without Borders 3388:Reporters Without Borders 3338:United Nations Volunteers 3216:Charte de la Francophonie 3011:on 18 April 2012 for the 2861: 2829: 2823: 2791: 2750: 2718: 2700: 2668: 2647: 2615: 2609: 2577: 2566: 2534: 2528: 2496: 2490: 2458: 2452: 2420: 2414: 2382: 2376: 2347: 2341: 2309: 2303: 2271: 2266: 2234: 2228: 2196: 2179: 2147: 2141: 2109: 2103: 2071: 1904:Prime Minister of Senegal 1768: 1552: 1256:Deliberately alluding to 1252: 1211: 1192: 1177: 1163: 1153: 1143: 1138: 1128: 1123: 1119: 1098: 1079: 1075: 1070: 1066: 1050: 1034: 1024:• Secretary-General 1022: 1018: 1013: 158: 148: 137: 96: 77: 47: 35: 30: 6616:List of Uralic languages 6611:List of Turkic languages 6532:by country and territory 6094:World Trade Organization 5434:Central African Republic 5117:27 December 2021 at the 5068:9 September 2021 at the 4943:27 December 2021 at the 4584:. Nathan. Archived from 4557:. Nathan. Archived from 4069:27 December 2021 at the 3870:. Accessed on 5 May 2011 3574: 3017:2013–14 political crisis 3005:Central African Republic 1771: 1548:, sometimes also called 1371:Articles and determiners 410:Central African Republic 119: Associated members 6672:Three Linguistic Spaces 6656:Commonwealth of Nations 6117:Commonwealth of Nations 5894:Jeux de la Francophonie 5298:(in French and English) 4833:"Déclaration de Bamako" 3568:Three Linguistic Spaces 3458:Jeux de la Francophonie 3289:Commonwealth of Nations 3100:sustainable development 3066:Established in 1961 in 2971: associated member 2965: member (regional) 2959: member (national) 1255: 1159:36/km (93.2/sq mi) 125: Suspended members 5884:UN French Language Day 5717:Bosnia and Herzegovina 4996:Stéphane Baillargeon, 4369:28 August 2008 at the 3866:7 October 2011 at the 3741:6 January 2007 at the 3609: 3503:French colonial empire 3341:Volunteering service. 3257:economic globalization 3207: 2985: 2977: suspended member 2895:The objectives of the 2891:Parliamentary Assembly 2869:Ministerial Conference 2695:Olivier Solonandrasana 2045: 1615: 1607: 1601: 1595: 1578: 1545:[lafʁɑ̃kɔfɔni] 1540: 1522: 1111: 113: Regional members 107: National members 86: 6577:Languages in censuses 6200:By official languages 5594:São Tomé and Príncipe 5454:Republic of the Congo 5151:. 21 September 2016. 4353:Accessed 05 May 2011. 3851:. Accessed 5 May 2011 3659:3 August 2020 at the 3648:6 August 2020 at the 3384:Amnesty International 3301:Déclaration de Bamako 3198: 2953: 2570:combat climate change 2358:New Brunswick, Canada 2043: 1803:Boutros Boutros-Ghali 1714:Boutros Boutros-Ghali 1699:was secretary of the 1641:Léopold Sédar Senghor 1100:• Conference of 1081:• Conference of 896:São Tomé and Príncipe 6801:48.86000°N 2.30333°E 6648:Dutch Language Union 6292:Endonyms and exonyms 6074:New Development Bank 5691:United Arab Emirates 5306:25 June 2022 at the 5176:"Chirac, l'Africain" 4839:on 27 September 2007 4751:"Senghor University" 4699:"Operating agencies" 4595:accessed 5 May 2011. 4440:3 April 2015 at the 4348:6 March 2016 at the 4076:, 13 September 2018. 4012:. 26 November 2016. 3982:. 22 November 2016. 3698:on 26 February 2014. 3413:Denis Sassou Nguesso 3201:Parliament of Canada 3171:Summit in 1989. The 2993:military coup d'état 2706:raised the issue of 2480:28–29 September 2006 1900:President of Senegal 1709:in 1997 with former 1651:of Niger and Prince 1333:Phonological history 1145:• 2016 estimate 6797: / 6667:(Romance languages) 6544:Number of languages 6103:Cultural IGOs 5930:Francophone economy 5225:. 10 October 2018. 5134:, 4 September 1999. 4899:accessed 5 May 2011 4786:on 23 February 2011 4613:on 27 December 2014 4416:on 21 December 2010 4093:. 11 October 2018. 3680:on 1 November 2018. 3267:(20 October 2005). 2813:19—20 November 2022 2690:26–27 November 2016 2637:29–30 November 2014 2442:26–27 November 2004 2331:14–16 November 1997 2223:François Mitterrand 2218:19–21 November 1991 2186:François Mitterrand 2098:François Mitterrand 2093:17–19 February 1986 1730:Republic of Senegal 1338:Oaths of Strasbourg 1107:14–16 November 1997 6742:Category:Languages 6737:Lists of languages 6721:(Turkic languages) 6713:(Turkic languages) 6527:Official languages 5935:Senghor University 5732:Dominican Republic 5301:MaVieFrancaise.org 5262:Post-Francophonie? 4324:. 6 September 2024 4188:on 13 October 2018 4121:www.graphic.com.gh 3915:Morocco World News 3599:Canadian provinces 3483:Alliance française 3409:Gnassingbé Eyadéma 3208: 3185:Senghor University 3181:Francophone Africa 3173:Senghor University 3163:Senghor University 3056:Université Senghor 3038:Operating agencies 2986: 2757:Louise Mushikiwabo 2740:11–12 October 2018 2599:12–14 October 2012 2556:22–24 October 2010 2518:17–19 October 2008 2404:18–20 October 2002 2366:3–5 September 1999 2261:Veerasamy Ringadoo 2256:16–18 October 1993 2190:Senghor University 2131:2–4 September 1987 2046: 1983:Louise Mushikiwabo 1173:2023 estimate 1040:General Secretary 1029:Louise Mushikiwabo 38:de la Francophonie 6806:48.86000; 2.30333 6758: 6757: 6754: 6753: 6750: 6749: 6596:Language families 6409: 6408: 6405: 6404: 6139: 6138: 6135: 6134: 6011:Intergovernmental 5961: 5960: 5841: 5840: 5826:Suspended members 5664:Associate members 5474:Equatorial Guinea 4661:. Larousse. 2005. 4182:www.xinhuanet.com 3538:Vietnamese French 3397:Chirac l'Africain 2878:Permanent Council 2866: 2865: 2847:Villers-Cotterêts 2767:and Mushikiwabo. 2755:foreign minister 2293:2–4 December 1995 2033: 2032: 2029: 1967: 1907: 1895:31 December 2014 1843: 1831:31 December 2002 1828:16 November 1997 1818:14 November 1922 1718:secretary-general 1689:Secretary-General 1517: 1516: 1267: 1266: 1248: 1247: 1242: 1241: 1188:$ 18.28 trillions 515:Equatorial Guinea 149:Official language 6867: 6812: 6811: 6809: 6808: 6807: 6802: 6798: 6795: 6794: 6793: 6790: 6775: 6774: 6766: 6722: 6714: 6706: 6696: 6681: 6668: 6660: 6652: 6644: 6426: 6425: 6415: 6414: 6197: 6196: 6186: 6185: 6166: 6159: 6152: 6143: 6142: 6110: 6089:World Bank Group 6026: 6025: 6022: 6004: 5988: 5981: 5974: 5965: 5964: 5951: 5950: 5364: 5363: 5344: 5337: 5330: 5321: 5320: 5299: 5287: 5282: 5281: 5279:Official website 5275: 5239: 5238: 5236: 5234: 5215: 5209: 5202: 5196: 5195: 5193: 5191: 5171: 5165: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5141: 5135: 5128: 5122: 5109: 5103: 5102: 5100: 5098: 5078: 5072: 5059: 5053: 5052: 5050: 5048: 5029: 5023: 5020: 5014: 5007: 5001: 4994: 4988: 4984: 4978: 4971: 4965: 4958: 4952: 4934: 4928: 4927: 4925: 4923: 4908: 4902: 4896: 4894: 4892: 4883:. Archived from 4877: 4871: 4869: 4868:on 7 March 2012. 4864:. Archived from 4858: 4849: 4848: 4846: 4844: 4835:. Archived from 4829: 4823: 4822: 4820: 4818: 4809:. Archived from 4803: 4797: 4795: 4793: 4791: 4782:. Archived from 4776: 4767: 4766: 4764: 4762: 4753:. Archived from 4747: 4741: 4740: 4738: 4736: 4731:on 16 April 2018 4725:"Page d'accueil" 4721: 4715: 4714: 4712: 4710: 4705:on 2 August 2012 4695: 4689: 4688: 4686: 4684: 4669: 4663: 4662: 4655: 4649: 4648: 4646: 4644: 4629: 4623: 4622: 4620: 4618: 4603: 4597: 4592: 4591:on 22 June 2007. 4590: 4583: 4572: 4566: 4565: 4564:on 22 June 2007. 4563: 4556: 4545: 4539: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4514: 4508: 4507: 4505: 4503: 4483: 4477: 4476: 4474: 4472: 4466: 4459: 4451: 4445: 4432: 4426: 4425: 4423: 4421: 4406: 4400: 4399: 4397: 4395: 4380: 4374: 4361: 4355: 4340: 4334: 4333: 4331: 4329: 4314: 4308: 4307: 4305: 4303: 4288: 4279: 4278: 4276: 4274: 4259: 4253: 4252: 4250: 4248: 4234: 4228: 4227: 4225: 4223: 4204: 4198: 4197: 4195: 4193: 4184:. Archived from 4174: 4168: 4167: 4165: 4163: 4143: 4137: 4136: 4134: 4132: 4113: 4107: 4106: 4104: 4102: 4083: 4077: 4061: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4047: 4038:. Archived from 4032: 4026: 4025: 4023: 4021: 4002: 3996: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3980:The Toronto Star 3972: 3966: 3965: 3963: 3961: 3941: 3935: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3906: 3900: 3899: 3897: 3895: 3880: 3871: 3858: 3852: 3846: 3833: 3832: 3830: 3828: 3809: 3803: 3802: 3800: 3798: 3784: 3778: 3777: 3775: 3773: 3758: 3752: 3732: 3726: 3725: 3723: 3721: 3712:. Archived from 3706: 3700: 3699: 3694:. Archived from 3688: 3682: 3681: 3670: 3664: 3636: 3616: 3614: 3606: 3600: 3597: 3588: 3585: 3548:Cambodian French 3513:French in Africa 3478:French immersion 2982: 2976: 2970: 2964: 2958: 2901:Jacques Legendre 2851:4—5 October 2024 2842: 2840: 2839: 2804: 2802: 2801: 2731: 2729: 2728: 2681: 2679: 2678: 2628: 2626: 2625: 2590: 2588: 2587: 2547: 2545: 2544: 2509: 2507: 2506: 2471: 2469: 2468: 2433: 2431: 2430: 2395: 2393: 2392: 2357: 2322: 2320: 2319: 2284: 2282: 2281: 2247: 2245: 2244: 2209: 2207: 2206: 2160: 2158: 2157: 2122: 2120: 2119: 2084: 2082: 2081: 2052: 2051: 2024: 2008: 2004: 2002: 1994: 1992: 1991: 1979: 1962: 1948: 1945:6 September 1957 1944: 1942: 1934: 1932: 1931: 1919: 1898: 1884: 1881:7 September 1935 1880: 1878: 1870: 1868: 1867: 1855: 1834: 1824: 1814: 1812: 1811: 1799: 1763: 1758: 1757: 1687:The position of 1653:Norodom Sihanouk 1620: 1581: 1555: 1554: 1547: 1525: 1509: 1502: 1495: 1276: 1269: 1268: 1237:French Community 1233: 1232: 1226: 1225: 1213: 1212: 1206: 1203: 1201: 1187: 1186: 1170: 1114: 1061:François Paradis 1006: 1002: 1000: 999: 991: 987: 985: 984: 976: 972: 970: 969: 961: 960: 956: 954: 953: 944: 940: 938: 937: 929: 925: 923: 922: 914: 910: 908: 907: 899: 898: 894: 892: 891: 882: 878: 876: 875: 867: 863: 861: 860: 852: 848: 846: 845: 836: 835: 831: 829: 828: 819: 818: 814: 812: 811: 802: 801: 797: 795: 794: 785: 781: 779: 778: 770: 769: 765: 763: 762: 753: 749: 747: 746: 738: 734: 732: 731: 722: 721: 717: 715: 714: 705: 704: 700: 698: 697: 688: 684: 682: 681: 673: 672: 668: 666: 665: 656: 652: 650: 649: 641: 637: 635: 634: 626: 625: 621: 619: 618: 609: 605: 603: 602: 593: 589: 587: 586: 578: 574: 572: 571: 562: 558: 556: 555: 547: 543: 541: 540: 532: 528: 526: 525: 517: 513: 511: 510: 502: 498: 496: 495: 487: 483: 481: 480: 472: 468: 466: 465: 457: 453: 451: 450: 442: 438: 436: 435: 427: 423: 421: 420: 412: 408: 406: 405: 397: 393: 391: 390: 379: 378: 377: 364: 363: 362: 352: 348: 346: 345: 337: 333: 331: 330: 322: 318: 316: 315: 307: 303: 301: 300: 291: 287: 285: 284: 276: 272: 270: 269: 261: 257: 255: 254: 243: 242: 241: 231: 227: 225: 224: 216: 212: 210: 209: 201: 197: 195: 194: 186: 185: 181: 179: 178: 130: 124: 118: 112: 106: 101: 89: 67: 55: 40: 39: 28: 27: 6875: 6874: 6870: 6869: 6868: 6866: 6865: 6864: 6815: 6814: 6805: 6803: 6799: 6796: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6784: 6783: 6781: 6769: 6761: 6759: 6746: 6725: 6720: 6712: 6704: 6694: 6679: 6666: 6658: 6650: 6642: 6632: 6628: 6622: 6588:language family 6581: 6548: 6515: 6430: 6420: 6401: 6286: 6222:Dutch/Afrikaans 6191: 6180: 6170: 6140: 6131: 6104: 6098: 6016: 6012: 6005: 5998: 5992: 5962: 5957: 5939: 5918: 5879:French language 5867: 5837: 5821: 5695: 5659: 5633: 5529:North Macedonia 5353: 5348: 5308:Wayback Machine 5297: 5285: 5277: 5276: 5273: 5270: 5253:Wayback Machine 5248: 5246:Further reading 5243: 5242: 5232: 5230: 5217: 5216: 5212: 5203: 5199: 5189: 5187: 5172: 5168: 5158: 5156: 5143: 5142: 5138: 5129: 5125: 5119:Wayback Machine 5110: 5106: 5096: 5094: 5079: 5075: 5070:Wayback Machine 5060: 5056: 5046: 5044: 5031: 5030: 5026: 5021: 5017: 5008: 5004: 4995: 4991: 4985: 4981: 4972: 4968: 4959: 4955: 4945:Wayback Machine 4935: 4931: 4921: 4919: 4910: 4909: 4905: 4890: 4888: 4879: 4878: 4874: 4860: 4859: 4852: 4842: 4840: 4831: 4830: 4826: 4816: 4814: 4813:on 6 March 2016 4805: 4804: 4800: 4789: 4787: 4778: 4777: 4770: 4760: 4758: 4757:on 22 July 2011 4749: 4748: 4744: 4734: 4732: 4723: 4722: 4718: 4708: 4706: 4697: 4696: 4692: 4682: 4680: 4671: 4670: 4666: 4657: 4656: 4652: 4642: 4640: 4631: 4630: 4626: 4616: 4614: 4605: 4604: 4600: 4588: 4581: 4573: 4569: 4561: 4554: 4546: 4542: 4532: 4530: 4515: 4511: 4501: 4499: 4484: 4480: 4470: 4468: 4464: 4457: 4453: 4452: 4448: 4442:Wayback Machine 4433: 4429: 4419: 4417: 4408: 4407: 4403: 4393: 4391: 4390:on 5 March 2019 4382: 4381: 4377: 4371:Wayback Machine 4362: 4358: 4350:Wayback Machine 4341: 4337: 4327: 4325: 4316: 4315: 4311: 4301: 4299: 4290: 4289: 4282: 4272: 4270: 4261: 4260: 4256: 4246: 4244: 4236: 4235: 4231: 4221: 4219: 4206: 4205: 4201: 4191: 4189: 4176: 4175: 4171: 4161: 4159: 4144: 4140: 4130: 4128: 4115: 4114: 4110: 4100: 4098: 4085: 4084: 4080: 4071:Wayback Machine 4062: 4055: 4045: 4043: 4042:on 12 June 2018 4034: 4033: 4029: 4019: 4017: 4004: 4003: 3999: 3989: 3987: 3974: 3973: 3969: 3959: 3957: 3942: 3938: 3928: 3926: 3907: 3903: 3893: 3891: 3890:on 21 July 2017 3882: 3881: 3874: 3868:Wayback Machine 3859: 3855: 3847: 3836: 3826: 3824: 3811: 3810: 3806: 3796: 3794: 3786: 3785: 3781: 3771: 3769: 3768:on 15 July 2012 3760: 3759: 3755: 3743:Wayback Machine 3733: 3729: 3719: 3717: 3716:on 1 April 2014 3708: 3707: 3703: 3690: 3689: 3685: 3672: 3671: 3667: 3661:Wayback Machine 3650:Wayback Machine 3637: 3630: 3625: 3620: 3619: 3607: 3603: 3598: 3591: 3586: 3582: 3577: 3572: 3518:French in India 3443: 3417:Blaise Compaoré 3379: 3363:La Francophonie 3354: 3347: 3330: 3321: 3287:Similar to the 3285: 3253: 3193: 3165: 3159: 3127: 3115: 3064: 3040: 3003:, and then the 2984: 2980: 2978: 2974: 2972: 2968: 2966: 2962: 2960: 2956: 2948: 2942: 2909: 2893: 2880: 2871: 2856:Emmanuel Macron 2837: 2835: 2816:Prime Minister 2799: 2797: 2777:Jamal Khashoggi 2745:Nikol Pashinyan 2743:Prime Minister 2726: 2724: 2693:Prime Minister 2676: 2674: 2623: 2621: 2585: 2583: 2542: 2540: 2521:Prime Minister 2504: 2502: 2466: 2464: 2447:Blaise Compaoré 2428: 2426: 2390: 2388: 2369:Prime Minister 2317: 2315: 2298:Nicéphore Soglo 2279: 2277: 2242: 2240: 2204: 2202: 2155: 2153: 2134:Prime Minister 2117: 2115: 2079: 2077: 2038: 2016:3 January 2019 2006: 2000: 1998: 1989: 1987: 1959:2 January 2019 1956:5 January 2015 1946: 1940: 1938: 1929: 1927: 1892:1 January 2003 1882: 1876: 1874: 1865: 1863: 1825:(aged 93) 1822: 1809: 1807: 1722:La Francophonie 1685: 1680: 1645:Habib Bourguiba 1627: 1603:complémentarité 1553:La Francophonie 1541:La Francophonie 1513: 1481:Help:IPA/French 1416: 1415: 1403: 1291:French language 1263: 1230: 1207: 1198: 1197: 1180: 1168: 1156: 1146: 1131: 1112:La Francophonie 1108: 1104: 1089: 1085: 1057: 1041: 1025: 1009: 997: 995: 982: 980: 967: 965: 951: 949: 947: 935: 933: 920: 918: 905: 903: 889: 887: 885: 873: 871: 858: 856: 843: 841: 826: 824: 822: 816:North Macedonia 809: 807: 805: 792: 790: 788: 776: 774: 760: 758: 756: 744: 742: 729: 727: 712: 710: 708: 695: 693: 691: 679: 677: 663: 661: 659: 647: 645: 632: 630: 616: 614: 612: 600: 598: 584: 582: 569: 567: 553: 551: 538: 536: 523: 521: 508: 506: 493: 491: 478: 476: 463: 461: 448: 446: 433: 431: 418: 416: 403: 401: 388: 386: 375: 373: 368: 360: 358: 353: 343: 341: 328: 326: 313: 311: 298: 296: 282: 280: 267: 265: 252: 250: 239: 237: 232: 222: 220: 207: 205: 192: 190: 176: 174: 172: 169: 168: 167:54 full members 133: 132: 131: Observers 128: 126: 122: 120: 116: 114: 110: 108: 104: 91: 83: 73: 72: 71: 68: 60: 59: 56: 43: 42: 37: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6873: 6863: 6862: 6857: 6852: 6847: 6842: 6837: 6832: 6827: 6780: 6779: 6756: 6755: 6752: 6751: 6748: 6747: 6745: 6744: 6739: 6733: 6731: 6727: 6726: 6724: 6723: 6715: 6707: 6699: 6698: 6697: 6682: 6674: 6669: 6661: 6653: 6645: 6636: 6634: 6627:Language-based 6624: 6623: 6621: 6620: 6619: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6603: 6592: 6590: 6583: 6582: 6580: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6568: 6567: 6556: 6554: 6550: 6549: 6547: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6535: 6534: 6523: 6521: 6517: 6516: 6514: 6513: 6512: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6491: 6486: 6485: 6484: 6482:Southeast Asia 6479: 6474: 6464: 6463: 6462: 6457: 6456: 6455: 6440: 6434: 6432: 6422: 6421: 6411: 6410: 6407: 6406: 6403: 6402: 6400: 6399: 6394: 6393: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6302: 6296: 6294: 6288: 6287: 6285: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6229: 6224: 6219: 6214: 6209: 6203: 6201: 6193: 6192: 6182: 6181: 6169: 6168: 6161: 6154: 6146: 6137: 6136: 6133: 6132: 6130: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6113: 6111: 6100: 6099: 6097: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6084:United Nations 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6035: 6033: 6023: 6007: 6006: 5991: 5990: 5983: 5976: 5968: 5959: 5958: 5956: 5955: 5944: 5941: 5940: 5938: 5937: 5932: 5926: 5924: 5920: 5919: 5917: 5916: 5911: 5906: 5901: 5896: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5875: 5873: 5869: 5868: 5866: 5865: 5860: 5855: 5849: 5847: 5843: 5842: 5839: 5838: 5836: 5835: 5829: 5827: 5823: 5822: 5820: 5819: 5814: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5794: 5789: 5784: 5779: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5727:Czech Republic 5724: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5703: 5701: 5697: 5696: 5694: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5667: 5665: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5641: 5639: 5635: 5634: 5632: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5370: 5368: 5361: 5355: 5354: 5347: 5346: 5339: 5332: 5324: 5318: 5317: 5311: 5295: 5283: 5269: 5268:External links 5266: 5265: 5264: 5258: 5247: 5244: 5241: 5240: 5210: 5197: 5166: 5136: 5123: 5104: 5073: 5054: 5024: 5015: 5002: 4989: 4979: 4966: 4953: 4929: 4903: 4887:on 16 May 2013 4872: 4850: 4824: 4798: 4768: 4742: 4716: 4690: 4664: 4650: 4624: 4598: 4567: 4540: 4509: 4478: 4446: 4427: 4401: 4375: 4356: 4335: 4309: 4280: 4254: 4229: 4199: 4169: 4138: 4108: 4078: 4053: 4027: 3997: 3967: 3936: 3901: 3872: 3853: 3834: 3804: 3779: 3753: 3727: 3701: 3683: 3665: 3627: 3626: 3624: 3621: 3618: 3617: 3601: 3589: 3579: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3570: 3565: 3560: 3555: 3550: 3545: 3540: 3535: 3533:French America 3530: 3525: 3520: 3515: 3510: 3505: 3500: 3495: 3490: 3485: 3480: 3475: 3470: 3460: 3455: 3450: 3444: 3442: 3439: 3378: 3375: 3353: 3350: 3346: 3343: 3329: 3326: 3320: 3317: 3284: 3281: 3252: 3249: 3248: 3247: 3244: 3241: 3238: 3192: 3189: 3161:Main article: 3158: 3155: 3139:Jacques Chirac 3135:Jean Pelletier 3126: 3123: 3114: 3111: 3084:Southeast Asia 3063: 3060: 3058:d’Alexandrie. 3039: 3036: 2983: observer 2979: 2973: 2967: 2961: 2955: 2941: 2938: 2908: 2905: 2892: 2889: 2879: 2876: 2870: 2867: 2864: 2863: 2859: 2858: 2852: 2849: 2844: 2833: 2827: 2826: 2821: 2820: 2814: 2811: 2806: 2795: 2789: 2788: 2748: 2747: 2741: 2738: 2733: 2722: 2716: 2715: 2704:Justin Trudeau 2698: 2697: 2691: 2688: 2683: 2672: 2666: 2665: 2650:Michaëlle Jean 2645: 2644: 2638: 2635: 2630: 2619: 2613: 2612: 2607: 2606: 2600: 2597: 2592: 2581: 2575: 2574: 2564: 2563: 2561:Doris Leuthard 2557: 2554: 2549: 2538: 2532: 2531: 2526: 2525: 2523:Stephen Harper 2519: 2516: 2511: 2510:Quebec, Canada 2500: 2494: 2493: 2488: 2487: 2485:Traian Băsescu 2481: 2478: 2473: 2462: 2456: 2455: 2450: 2449: 2443: 2440: 2435: 2424: 2418: 2417: 2412: 2411: 2405: 2402: 2397: 2386: 2380: 2379: 2374: 2373: 2367: 2364: 2359: 2351: 2345: 2344: 2339: 2338: 2336:Trần Đức Lương 2332: 2329: 2324: 2313: 2307: 2306: 2301: 2300: 2294: 2291: 2286: 2275: 2269: 2268: 2264: 2263: 2257: 2254: 2249: 2238: 2232: 2231: 2226: 2225: 2219: 2216: 2211: 2200: 2194: 2193: 2177: 2176: 2170: 2169:24–26 May 1989 2167: 2162: 2151: 2145: 2144: 2139: 2138: 2136:Brian Mulroney 2132: 2129: 2124: 2123:Quebec, Canada 2113: 2107: 2106: 2101: 2100: 2094: 2091: 2086: 2075: 2069: 2068: 2065: 2062: 2059: 2058:Country/Region 2056: 2037: 2034: 2031: 2030: 2022: 2017: 2014: 2009: 1996: 1985: 1980: 1973: 1969: 1968: 1960: 1957: 1954: 1949: 1936: 1925: 1923:Michaëlle Jean 1920: 1913: 1909: 1908: 1896: 1893: 1890: 1885: 1872: 1861: 1856: 1849: 1845: 1844: 1832: 1829: 1826: 1819: 1816: 1805: 1800: 1793: 1789: 1788: 1785: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1749:Michaëlle Jean 1697:Jean-Louis Roy 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1626: 1623: 1571:French culture 1515: 1514: 1512: 1511: 1504: 1497: 1489: 1486: 1485: 1484: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1460: 1459: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1450: 1445: 1440: 1435: 1427: 1426: 1420: 1419: 1418: 1417: 1414: 1413: 1407: 1401: 1396: 1389: 1385: 1383: 1373: 1368: 1360: 1359: 1353: 1352: 1351: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1327: 1326: 1320: 1319: 1318: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1294: 1293: 1287: 1286: 1278: 1277: 1265: 1264: 1262: 1261: 1258:France's motto 1253: 1250: 1249: 1246: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1239: 1234: 1222: 1221: 1219: 1209: 1208: 1193: 1190: 1189: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1174: 1171: 1161: 1160: 1157: 1155:• Density 1154: 1151: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1141: 1140: 1136: 1135: 1132: 1129: 1126: 1125: 1121: 1120: 1117: 1116: 1105: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1086: 1080: 1077: 1076: 1073: 1072: 1068: 1067: 1064: 1063: 1058: 1051: 1048: 1047: 1045:Jacques Krabal 1042: 1035: 1032: 1031: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1019: 1016: 1015: 1011: 1010: 1008: 1007: 992: 977: 962: 945: 930: 915: 900: 883: 868: 853: 838: 837:(suspended) 820: 803: 786: 771: 754: 739: 724: 723:(suspended) 706: 689: 674: 657: 642: 627: 610: 595: 594:(suspended) 579: 564: 563:(suspended) 548: 533: 518: 503: 488: 473: 458: 443: 428: 413: 398: 383: 338: 323: 308: 293: 292:(suspended) 277: 262: 247: 217: 202: 187: 166: 165: 164: 162: 156: 155: 150: 146: 145: 139: 135: 134: 127: 121: 115: 109: 103: 102: 94: 93: 75: 74: 69: 62: 61: 57: 50: 49: 48: 45: 44: 32: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6872: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6851: 6848: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6822: 6820: 6813: 6810: 6778: 6773: 6768: 6767: 6764: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6734: 6732: 6728: 6719: 6716: 6711: 6708: 6703: 6700: 6693: 6692: 6688: 6687: 6686: 6683: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6665: 6662: 6657: 6654: 6649: 6646: 6641: 6638: 6637: 6635: 6633:organizations 6631: 6625: 6617: 6614: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6602: 6599: 6598: 6597: 6594: 6593: 6591: 6589: 6584: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6566: 6563: 6562: 6561: 6558: 6557: 6555: 6553:By population 6551: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6533: 6530: 6529: 6528: 6525: 6524: 6522: 6518: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6497: 6496: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6469: 6468: 6465: 6461: 6460:South America 6458: 6454: 6451: 6450: 6449: 6448:North America 6446: 6445: 6444: 6441: 6439: 6436: 6435: 6433: 6431:and subregion 6427: 6423: 6416: 6412: 6398: 6395: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6307: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6297: 6295: 6293: 6289: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6230: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6204: 6202: 6198: 6194: 6187: 6183: 6178: 6174: 6167: 6162: 6160: 6155: 6153: 6148: 6147: 6144: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6114: 6112: 6108: 6101: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6036: 6034: 6032: 6029:Non-cultural 6027: 6024: 6020: 6014: 6013:organizations 6008: 6002: 5996: 5989: 5984: 5982: 5977: 5975: 5970: 5969: 5966: 5954: 5946: 5945: 5942: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5927: 5925: 5921: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5876: 5874: 5870: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5850: 5848: 5844: 5834: 5831: 5830: 5828: 5824: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5704: 5702: 5698: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5668: 5666: 5662: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5650:New Brunswick 5648: 5646: 5643: 5642: 5640: 5636: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5499:Guinea-Bissau 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5371: 5369: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5356: 5352: 5345: 5340: 5338: 5333: 5331: 5326: 5325: 5322: 5315: 5312: 5309: 5305: 5302: 5296: 5294: 5290: 5284: 5280: 5272: 5271: 5263: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5250: 5249: 5228: 5224: 5220: 5214: 5207: 5201: 5185: 5181: 5177: 5170: 5154: 5150: 5146: 5140: 5133: 5127: 5120: 5116: 5113: 5108: 5092: 5088: 5087:Site-LeVif-FR 5084: 5077: 5071: 5067: 5064: 5058: 5042: 5038: 5034: 5028: 5019: 5012: 5006: 4999: 4993: 4983: 4976: 4970: 4963: 4957: 4950: 4946: 4942: 4939: 4933: 4917: 4913: 4907: 4900: 4886: 4882: 4876: 4867: 4863: 4857: 4855: 4838: 4834: 4828: 4812: 4808: 4802: 4785: 4781: 4775: 4773: 4756: 4752: 4746: 4730: 4726: 4720: 4704: 4700: 4694: 4678: 4674: 4668: 4660: 4654: 4638: 4634: 4628: 4612: 4608: 4602: 4596: 4587: 4580: 4579: 4571: 4560: 4553: 4552: 4544: 4528: 4524: 4520: 4513: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4482: 4463: 4456: 4450: 4443: 4439: 4436: 4431: 4415: 4411: 4405: 4389: 4385: 4379: 4372: 4368: 4365: 4360: 4354: 4351: 4347: 4344: 4339: 4323: 4319: 4313: 4297: 4293: 4287: 4285: 4268: 4264: 4258: 4243: 4242:Campus France 4239: 4233: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4203: 4187: 4183: 4179: 4173: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4142: 4126: 4122: 4118: 4112: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4082: 4075: 4072: 4068: 4065: 4060: 4058: 4041: 4037: 4031: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4001: 3985: 3981: 3977: 3971: 3955: 3951: 3947: 3940: 3924: 3920: 3916: 3912: 3905: 3889: 3885: 3879: 3877: 3869: 3865: 3862: 3857: 3850: 3845: 3843: 3841: 3839: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3808: 3793: 3792:National Post 3789: 3783: 3767: 3763: 3757: 3750: 3749: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3731: 3715: 3711: 3705: 3697: 3693: 3687: 3679: 3675: 3669: 3662: 3658: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3642: 3635: 3633: 3628: 3613: 3612: 3605: 3596: 3594: 3584: 3580: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3541: 3539: 3536: 3534: 3531: 3529: 3526: 3524: 3521: 3519: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3504: 3501: 3499: 3496: 3494: 3491: 3489: 3486: 3484: 3481: 3479: 3476: 3474: 3471: 3468: 3464: 3461: 3459: 3456: 3454: 3451: 3449: 3446: 3445: 3438: 3436: 3432: 3426: 3424: 3423: 3418: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3389: 3385: 3374: 3370: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3349: 3342: 3339: 3336:In 2013, the 3334: 3325: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3280: 3276: 3274: 3268: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3245: 3242: 3239: 3236: 3235: 3234: 3231: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3212: 3206: 3202: 3197: 3188: 3186: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3170: 3164: 3154: 3152: 3147: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3122: 3119: 3110: 3108: 3103: 3101: 3095: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3059: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3035: 3033: 3028: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3009:Guinea-Bissau 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2952: 2947: 2937: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2919: 2915: 2904: 2902: 2898: 2888: 2885: 2875: 2860: 2857: 2853: 2850: 2848: 2845: 2834: 2832: 2828: 2822: 2819: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2807: 2796: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2749: 2746: 2742: 2739: 2737: 2734: 2723: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2699: 2696: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2673: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2654:Guinea-Bissau 2651: 2646: 2643: 2639: 2636: 2634: 2631: 2620: 2618: 2614: 2608: 2605: 2604:Joseph Kabila 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2582: 2580: 2576: 2571: 2565: 2562: 2558: 2555: 2553: 2550: 2539: 2537: 2533: 2527: 2524: 2520: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2501: 2499: 2495: 2489: 2486: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2463: 2461: 2457: 2451: 2448: 2444: 2441: 2439: 2436: 2425: 2423: 2419: 2413: 2410: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2387: 2385: 2381: 2375: 2372: 2371:Jean Chrétien 2368: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2350: 2346: 2340: 2337: 2333: 2330: 2328: 2325: 2314: 2312: 2308: 2302: 2299: 2295: 2292: 2290: 2287: 2276: 2274: 2270: 2265: 2262: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2250: 2239: 2237: 2233: 2227: 2224: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2212: 2201: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2178: 2175: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2152: 2150: 2146: 2140: 2137: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2114: 2112: 2108: 2102: 2099: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2076: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2063: 2060: 2057: 2054: 2053: 2050: 2042: 2027: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2007:(age 63) 1997: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1978: 1974: 1971: 1970: 1965: 1961: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1947:(age 67) 1937: 1926: 1924: 1921: 1918: 1914: 1911: 1910: 1905: 1902:(1981–2000), 1901: 1897: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1886: 1883:(age 89) 1873: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1850: 1847: 1846: 1841: 1838:(1992–1996), 1837: 1833: 1830: 1827: 1821:16 March 2016 1820: 1817: 1806: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1794: 1791: 1790: 1786: 1783: 1780: 1777: 1774: 1765: 1760: 1759: 1756: 1752: 1750: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1716:as the first 1715: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1703: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1675: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1660: 1656: 1655:of Cambodia. 1654: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1637: 1632: 1622: 1619: 1618: 1612: 1611: 1610: 1605: 1604: 1599: 1598: 1592: 1587: 1585: 1580: 1574: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1563:lingua franca 1560: 1556: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1524: 1510: 1505: 1503: 1498: 1496: 1491: 1490: 1488: 1487: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1463: 1462: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1454: 1449: 1446: 1444: 1441: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1429: 1428: 1425: 1422: 1421: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1405:passé composé 1402: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1391: 1390: 1388: 1384: 1381: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1363: 1362: 1361: 1358: 1355: 1354: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1330: 1329: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1321: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1300:Langues d'oïl 1298: 1297: 1296: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1270: 1259: 1254: 1251: 1244: 1238: 1235: 1228: 1227: 1224: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1214: 1210: 1205: 1202:.francophonie 1196: 1191: 1182: 1176: 1172: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1152: 1148: 1142: 1137: 1133: 1127: 1122: 1118: 1113: 1106: 1103: 1097: 1093: 1088:20 March 1970 1087: 1084: 1078: 1074: 1071:Establishment 1069: 1065: 1062: 1059: 1055: 1049: 1046: 1043: 1039: 1033: 1030: 1027: 1021: 1017: 1012: 1005: 993: 990: 978: 975: 963: 959: 946: 943: 931: 928: 916: 913: 901: 897: 884: 881: 869: 866: 854: 851: 839: 834: 821: 817: 804: 800: 787: 784: 772: 768: 755: 752: 740: 737: 725: 720: 707: 703: 690: 687: 675: 671: 658: 655: 643: 640: 628: 624: 611: 608: 607:Guinea-Bissau 596: 592: 580: 577: 565: 561: 549: 546: 534: 531: 519: 516: 504: 501: 489: 486: 474: 471: 459: 456: 444: 441: 429: 426: 414: 411: 399: 396: 384: 382: 372: 367: 366:New Brunswick 357: 351: 339: 336: 324: 321: 309: 306: 294: 290: 278: 275: 263: 260: 248: 246: 236: 230: 218: 215: 203: 200: 188: 184: 171: 170: 163: 161: 157: 154: 151: 147: 143: 140: 136: 100: 95: 88: 82: 81: 76: 66: 54: 46: 41: 29: 26: 22: 6782: 6695:(Portuguese) 6689: 6677:Francophonie 6676: 6630:geopolitical 6429:By continent 6126: 5846:Organization 5404:Burkina Faso 5350: 5255: 5233:25 September 5231:. Retrieved 5222: 5213: 5205: 5200: 5190:26 September 5188:. Retrieved 5179: 5169: 5159:26 September 5157:. Retrieved 5148: 5139: 5131: 5126: 5107: 5095:. Retrieved 5086: 5076: 5057: 5045:. Retrieved 5036: 5027: 5018: 5010: 5005: 4997: 4992: 4982: 4974: 4969: 4961: 4956: 4948: 4932: 4920:. Retrieved 4906: 4898: 4889:. Retrieved 4885:the original 4875: 4866:the original 4843:30 September 4841:. Retrieved 4837:the original 4827: 4815:. Retrieved 4811:the original 4801: 4788:. Retrieved 4784:the original 4759:. Retrieved 4755:the original 4745: 4733:. Retrieved 4729:the original 4719: 4707:. Retrieved 4703:the original 4693: 4681:. Retrieved 4667: 4658: 4653: 4641:. Retrieved 4635:. TV5MONDE. 4627: 4615:. Retrieved 4611:the original 4601: 4594: 4586:the original 4577: 4570: 4559:the original 4550: 4543: 4531:. Retrieved 4522: 4512: 4500:. Retrieved 4491: 4481: 4471:29 September 4469:. Retrieved 4449: 4430: 4418:. Retrieved 4414:the original 4404: 4392:. Retrieved 4388:the original 4384:"Madagascar" 4378: 4359: 4352: 4338: 4328:25 September 4326:. Retrieved 4321: 4312: 4300:. Retrieved 4295: 4271:. Retrieved 4266: 4257: 4245:. Retrieved 4241: 4232: 4220:. Retrieved 4211: 4202: 4190:. Retrieved 4186:the original 4181: 4172: 4160:. Retrieved 4151: 4141: 4129:. Retrieved 4120: 4111: 4099:. Retrieved 4090: 4081: 4073: 4044:. Retrieved 4040:the original 4030: 4018:. Retrieved 4009: 4000: 3988:. Retrieved 3979: 3970: 3958:. Retrieved 3949: 3939: 3927:. Retrieved 3914: 3904: 3892:. Retrieved 3888:the original 3856: 3825:. Retrieved 3816: 3807: 3795:. Retrieved 3791: 3782: 3770:. Retrieved 3766:the original 3756: 3746: 3730: 3718:. Retrieved 3714:the original 3704: 3696:the original 3686: 3678:the original 3668: 3640: 3611:Francophonie 3604: 3583: 3466: 3427: 3420: 3400: 3396: 3393:Papa Afrique 3392: 3380: 3371: 3362: 3358: 3355: 3348: 3335: 3331: 3322: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3300: 3297:human rights 3286: 3277: 3269: 3254: 3232: 3228:Burkina Faso 3220:Antananarivo 3215: 3213: 3209: 3166: 3151:Anne Hidalgo 3148: 3128: 3116: 3104: 3096: 3065: 3041: 3029: 2987: 2910: 2894: 2881: 2872: 2830: 2818:Najla Bouden 2792: 2773:human rights 2769:Saudi Arabia 2719: 2686:Antananarivo 2669: 2616: 2578: 2546: 2535: 2497: 2459: 2434:Burkina Faso 2421: 2409:Émile Lahoud 2383: 2348: 2310: 2272: 2235: 2197: 2148: 2110: 2072: 2047: 2019: 2011: 1951: 1887: 1823:(2016-03-16) 1753: 1721: 1706: 1700: 1686: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1661: 1657: 1649:Hamani Diori 1647:of Tunisia, 1643:of Senegal, 1634: 1628: 1594: 1588: 1584:francosphere 1583: 1579:francophonie 1575: 1567:francophones 1549: 1533:Francophonie 1532: 1528: 1520: 1518: 1410:passé simple 1348:Anglo-Norman 1315:Francophonie 1314: 1216: 1194: 1179:• Total 1130:• Total 939: 370: 355: 289:Burkina Faso 234: 138:Headquarters 78: 33: 25: 21:Francophonie 6804: / 6664:Latin Union 6640:Arab League 5914:LGBT rights 5807:South Korea 5609:Switzerland 5589:Saint Lucia 5509:Ivory Coast 5286:(in French) 5274:(in French) 5097:2 September 5047:2 September 4922:19 December 4735:28 December 4683:28 December 4643:28 December 4617:28 December 4420:27 December 4394:27 December 4298:(in French) 3827:28 December 3817:Toronto Sun 3797:28 December 3498:Francophone 3224:Ouagadougou 3131:Quebec City 3025:Nova Scotia 3019:. In 2018, 3013:same reason 3001:coup d'état 2884:Ambassadors 2765:Paul Kagame 2708:LGBT rights 2548:Switzerland 2514:Quebec City 2438:Ouagadougou 2174:Abdou Diouf 2127:Quebec City 2028:(2009–2018) 1966:(2005–2010) 1906:(1970–1980) 1859:Abdou Diouf 1726:Abdou Diouf 1695:. Canadian 1476:Aspirated h 1424:Orthography 1394:conjugation 1217:Preceded by 942:Switzerland 880:Saint Lucia 639:Ivory Coast 6819:Categories 6789:48°51′36″N 6702:Hispanidad 6520:By country 6504:Micronesia 6477:South Asia 6262:Portuguese 6242:Hindustani 5782:Mozambique 5777:Montenegro 5604:Seychelles 5544:Mauritania 5534:Madagascar 5524:Luxembourg 5429:Cape Verde 5037:www.dfa.ie 4222:28 January 4020:22 January 4010:www.cbc.ca 3960:22 January 3950:www.cbc.ca 3639:Brochure: 3623:References 3543:Lao French 3407:of Gabon, 3405:Omar Bongo 3177:Alexandria 3090:, and the 3080:Arab world 2997:Madagascar 2989:Mauritania 2944:See also: 2914:Libreville 2854:President 2682:Madagascar 2658:Madagascar 2642:Macky Sall 2640:President 2602:President 2559:President 2483:President 2445:President 2407:President 2334:President 2296:President 2259:President 2252:Port Louis 2221:President 2172:President 2096:President 2089:Versailles 2005:2 May 1961 2001:1961-05-02 1941:1957-09-06 1877:1935-09-07 1659:dialogue. 1631:convention 1609:solidarité 1443:Circumflex 1399:morphology 1139:Population 1056:President 927:Seychelles 736:Mauritania 702:Madagascar 686:Luxembourg 395:Cape Verde 160:Membership 6792:2°18′12″E 6705:(Spanish) 6659:(English) 6509:Polynesia 6499:Melanesia 6472:East Asia 6453:Caribbean 6419:Languages 6385:Sri Lanka 6380:Singapore 6355:Indonesia 6190:Countries 6177:languages 6173:Countries 5767:Louisiana 5762:Lithuania 5707:Argentina 5700:Observers 5549:Mauritius 5223:France 24 5132:Le Devoir 4962:Le Devoir 4936:Cited in 4673:"Accueil" 4633:"Accueil" 4502:26 August 4267:elysee.fr 4212:La Presse 4162:26 August 4091:France 24 3411:of Togo, 3367:Le Devoir 3293:democracy 3092:Caribbean 3030:Although 3021:Louisiana 2785:Louisiana 2476:Bucharest 2248:Mauritius 2020:incumbent 1744:, former 1734:Bucharest 1678:Structure 1457:Phonology 1169:(nominal) 1149:1 billion 751:Mauritius 6777:Politics 6730:See also 6680:(French) 6643:(Arabic) 6443:Americas 6330:Cambodia 6267:Romanian 6069:Interpol 5953:Category 5909:TV5Monde 5833:Thailand 5802:Slovenia 5797:Slovakia 5464:Dominica 5459:Djibouti 5419:Cameroon 5414:Cambodia 5399:Bulgaria 5304:Archived 5227:Archived 5206:Le Monde 5184:Archived 5180:Le Point 5153:Archived 5149:TV5MONDE 5115:Archived 5091:Archived 5066:Archived 5041:Archived 5011:La Croix 4949:Quaderni 4941:Archived 4916:Archived 4677:Archived 4675:. 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