833:
1437:
2237:. The Charter, the basic instrument governing OAS, makes no reference to the use of official languages. These references are to be found in the Rules of Procedure governing the various OAS bodies. Article 51 of the Rules of Procedure of the General Assembly, the supreme body of the OAS, which meets once a year, states that English, French, Portuguese, and Spanish are the four official languages. Article 28 stipulates that a Style Committee shall be set up with representatives of the four official languages to review the General Assembly resolutions and declarations. Article 53 states that proposals shall be presented in the four official languages. The Rules of Procedure and Statutes of other bodies, such as the Inter-American Council for Integral Development (CIDI), the Permanent Executive Committee of the Inter-American Council for Integral Development (CEPCIDI), the
130:
2362:
1052:
88:
841:
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936:
2404:
2390:
2334:
559:
102:
2062:
4589:
2348:
2199:
2376:
1814:
only "American republics" to "American states" to accommodate Canada's admission as a constitutional monarchy. However, U.S. opposition to
Canadian membership prevented their admittance, with the U.S. fearing the admittance of Canada to the OAS would bring with it British influence that could impede its freedom of action within the organization. The U.S. reversed its position on Canadian membership in 1947. However, by that time, Canadian foreign policy had adopted an
2418:
1846:
731:
923:. Gathered together in Washington, D.C., 18 nations resolved to found the International Union of American Republics, served by a permanent secretariat called the Commercial Bureau of the American Republics (renamed the International Commercial Bureau at the Second International Conference in 1901â1902). These two bodies, in existence as of 14 April 1890, represent the point of inception to which the OAS and its
3738:
1990:
the inter-American system – for instance, it was intimated by the outgoing ambassador of Mexico in 1998 – but most observers did not see it as a serious possibility while the present government remained in power. Since 1960, the Cuban administration had repeatedly characterized the OAS as the "Ministry of
Colonies" of the United States of America.
1075:
similar observations and conclusions to that of the OAS. They noted that "there were minutes with an unusually high number of null votes, blank votes and a hundred percent participation of voters in a series of polling stations" and highlighted the general failure of the TSE to declare these irregularities. Studies commissioned by the
American
2126:, who the OAS voted to recognize as Venezuela's delegate in April. In October 2022, a bloc of leftist OAS member states led a motion to remove Tarre's representation in the organization. Out of 35 members, 19 nations voted in favor of the motion and 4 against. The motion fell short of the 24 votes required for a two-thirds majority.
1423:: The goal of the OAS's Inter-American Council for Integral Development is to promote economic development and combating poverty. OAS technical cooperation programs address such areas as river basin management, the conservation of biodiversity, preservation of cultural diversity, planning for global climate change,
2161:
In April 2022, Nicaragua announced that it had completed its withdrawal from the OAS. It said the OAS offices in
Managua had been closed. The OAS stated that, due to the terms of treaty, the withdrawal would not take effect until 2023. Nicaragua eventually completed its withdrawal from the OAS on 19
2157:
announced on 19 November that
Nicaragua would leave the OAS. Moncada called the bloc "an instrument of interference and intervention" and accused it of "facilitating the hegemony of the United States with its interventionism over the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean." According to Article
1535:
The OAS has two funds, one for the
General Secretariat, and one for specific programs and initiatives. The General Assembly asks for contributions from each member country based on its capacity to pay. In 2018 the General Secretariat's budget was $ 85 million of which the US contributed $ 50 million.
2142:
re-elected to a fourth term in office. In a vote by the OAS Permanent
Council, 25 member states voted in favour of a resolution condemning the election. Seven countries, including Mexico, Honduras and Bolivia, abstained. The motion stated that the election was "not free, fair or transparent and lack
2090:
government had already announced it was leaving the OAS hours earlier; this was not, however, taken into account by the OAS, which did not recognize that government as legitimate. An extraordinary meeting had been conducted by the OAS in
Washington, D.C., with Zelaya in attendance. The suspension of
1290:
In the words of
Article 1 of the Charter, the goal of the member nations in creating the OAS was "to achieve an order of peace and justice, to promote their solidarity, to strengthen their collaboration, and to defend their sovereignty, their territorial integrity, and their independence." Article 2
1989:
on 4 November 1964: "Cuba was arbitrarily excluded ... The
Organization of American States has no juridical, factual, or moral jurisdiction, nor competence, over a state which it has illegally deprived of its rights." The reincorporation of Cuba as an active member regularly arose as a topic within
1971:
This meant that the Cuban nation was still technically a member state, but that the current government was denied the right of representation and attendance at meetings and of participation in activities. The OAS's position was that although Cuba's participation was suspended, its obligations under
1825:
In 2004 and 2005, Canada was the second largest contributor to the OAS, with an annual assessed contribution representing 12.36 percent of the OAS Regular Budget (US$ 9.2 million) and an additional C$ 9 million in voluntary contributions to specific projects. Shortly after joining as a full member,
1813:
Although admission into OAS's predecessor, the Pan American Union, was initially restricted to republics, several overtures were still made for Canada to join the organization in 1928, 1933, 1936, and 1938. During the 1936 Pan American Union Conference, the organization extended its membership from
1577:
The General Assembly's powers include setting the OAS's general course and policies by means of resolutions and declarations; approving its budget and determining the contributions payable by the member states; approving the reports and previous year's actions of the OAS's specialized agencies; and
1573:
The Organization's member states take turns hosting the General Assembly on a rotating basis. The states are represented at its sessions by their chosen delegates: generally, their ministers of foreign affairs, or their appointed deputies. Each state has one vote, and most matters are settled by a
1083:
argued that the OAS report's statistical analysis was inaccurate and unreliable. The author of the OAS's vote return analysis stated that the CEPR's explanation of the results was implausible. The organization has been criticized by Mexico and the CEPR for their perception of interference into the
2102:
On 28 April 2017, Venezuela notified the OAS of its denunciation of the Charter of the OAS, which as per Article 143 would lead to the withdrawal of Venezuela from the OAS effective two years from the date of notification. During this period, the country did not plan on participating in the OAS.
1984:
The resolution to exclude Cuba was controversial when it was adopted, and the reintegration of Cuba into the Inter-American system has remained a frequent source of contention among the countries of the hemisphere ever since. Cuba's position was stated in an official note sent to the Organization
1356:
Strengthening democracy: Between 1962 and 2002, the Organization sent multinational observation missions to oversee free and fair elections in the member states on more than 100 occasions. The OAS also works to strengthen national and local government and electoral agencies, to promote democratic
985:
convinced hemispheric governments that unilateral action could not ensure the territorial integrity of the American nations in the event of external aggression. To meet the challenges of global conflict in the postwar world and to contain conflicts within the hemisphere, they adopted a system of
2514:
as the acting president, sent a letter to the OAS Secretary General annulling the previous denunciation of the OAS Charter, and expressing his desire for Venezuela to remain a member of the OAS. The National Assembly designated a special envoy as representative to the OAS, who the OAS voted to
1821:
From the 1960s to the 1980s, the Canadian government expressed some interest in joining the OAS, having successfully applied for permanent observer status in 1972 to evaluate potential membership. In the 1980s, the Canadian government incrementally increased its participation in OAS activities.
1074:
resigned soon after, having lost the confidence of the country's military in what he described as a coup. Some media outlets debated whether it should be referred to as a coup. On 21 December, the Technical Mission of Electoral Experts sent by the European Union published a 67-page report made
2245:(IACHR) and the Inter-American Juridical Committee (CJI), technical bodies of the OAS, also mention the four official languages in which their meetings are to be conducted. Policy is therefore dictated through these instruments that require use of the four official languages at meetings.
2121:
as the acting president, sent a letter to the OAS Secretary General annulling the previous denunciation of the OAS Charter, and expressing his desire for Venezuela to remain a member of the OAS. The National Assembly designated a special envoy as representative to the OAS, lawyer
2048:, in the language of the Cold War. What we have done here is fix a historic error." The suspension was lifted at the end of the General Assembly, but, to be readmitted to the Organization, Cuba will need to comply with all the treaties signed by the Member States, including the
980:
of the Americas", an idea proposed by Colombia, Guatemala, and the Dominican Republic. At the subsequent Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Peace, 21 nations pledged to remain neutral in the event of a conflict between any two members. The experience of
1101:. In April 2022, Nicaragua reported the completion of its withdrawal process from the OAS initiated in November 2021. The OAS stated that, due to the terms of treaty, the withdrawal would not take effect until 2023. The move was completed on 19 November that year.
911:
but the grandly titled "Treaty of Union, League, and Perpetual Confederation" was ultimately ratified only by Gran Colombia. BolĂvar's dream soon floundered with civil war in Gran Colombia, the disintegration of Central America, and the emergence of
4284:"Nicaragua's condemns the OAS as "an instrument of interference and intervention" adding that "it has as its mission to facilitate the hegemony of the United States with its interventionism against the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean.""
1398:: The agencies of the inter-American human rights system provide a venue for the denunciation and resolution of human rights violations in individual cases. They also monitor and report on the general human rights situation in the member states.
614:
2040:, passed a vote to lift Cuba's suspension from the OAS. The United States had been pressuring the OAS for weeks to condition Cuba's readmission to the group on democratic principles and commitment to human rights. Ecuador's Foreign Minister
1959:
That adherence by any member of the Organization of American States to Marxism-Leninism is incompatible with the inter-American system and the alignment of such a government with the communist bloc breaks the unity and solidarity of the
2498:
On 28 April 2017, Venezuela notified the OAS of its denunciation of the Charter of the OAS, which as per Article 143 would lead to the withdraw of Venezuela from the OAS effective two years from the date of notification. During the
2311:
599:
1998:
attacked the OAS as a "Yankee bordello" and "instrument of imperialist domination" and vowed that Cuba would never join, although OAS rescinded the nation's expulsion in 2009 and invited it to apply for readmission.
4151:
1954:, on 31 January 1962. The vote was passed by 14 in favor, with one against (Cuba) and six abstentions (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, and Mexico). The operative part of the resolution reads as follows:
598:
172:
2170:
As of 31 January 2014, there are 69 permanent observer countries including the four countries with territory or territories in the AmericasâDenmark, France, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom; as well as the
1902:, from 16 to 20 August 1960, a conviction against the State of the Dominican Republic was agreed to unanimously. The penalty was motivated because the foreign ministers checked the veracity of the claim that the
1826:
Canada was instrumental in the creation of the Unit for the Promotion of Democracy, which provides support for the strengthening and consolidation of democratic processes and institutions in OAS member states.
2052:
of 2001. A statement issued by the Cuban government on 8 June 2009 stated that while Cuba welcomed the Assembly's gesture, in light of the Organization's historical record "Cuba will not return to the OAS."
6274:
5452:
5196:
612:
1925:, broke off diplomatic relations with the Dominican Republic. Additionally an economic blockade that affected the exports of sugar was applied, which at that time was the pillar of the Dominican economy.
613:
2805:
1980:
continues to publish reports on Cuba's human rights situation and to hear individual cases involving Cuban nationals. However, this stance was occasionally questioned by other individual member states.
2746:
2550:
On 19 November 2021, Nicaragua announced its intention to withdraw from the OAS. Per the terms of the charter, the process became effective two years following notification, on 19 November 2023. See
610:
4850:
1475:
7530:
2286:
699:, United States, the OAS is a "multilateral regional body focused on human rights, electoral oversight, social and economic development, and security in the Western Hemisphere", according to the
602:
2094:
After Zelaya's return to Honduras in 2011, the country was re-admitted to the Organization on 1 June 2011 with 32 votes in favor and 1 (Ecuador) against. Venezuela expressed some reservations.
3166:
5140:
3417:
1963:
That the present Government of Cuba, which has officially identified itself as a Marxist-Leninist government, was incompatible with the principles and objectives of the inter-American system.
1094:
concluded that there was some fraud, but that it was unclear how much or if it was sufficient to change the result of the election, and suggested the initial analysis by the OAS was flawed.
871:, proposed creating a league of American republics, with a common military, a mutual defense pact, and a supranational parliamentary assembly. The meeting was attended by representatives of
611:
5517:
1336:
To achieve an effective limitation of conventional weapons that will make it possible to devote the largest amount of resources to the economic and social development of the member states.
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916:
rather than New World outlooks in the newly independent American republics. BolĂvar's dream of inter-American unity was meant to unify Hispanic American nations against external powers.
3027:
608:
6279:
1566:
is the supreme decision-making body of OAS. It convenes once every year in a regular session. In special circumstances, and with the approval of two-thirds of the member states, the
7983:
4840:
1465:
1376:. The Organization has played a leading part in the removal of landmines deployed in member states and it has led negotiations to resolve the continents' remaining border disputes (
2316:
7826:
7298:
6778:
4438:
618:
1066:, which opposition supporters argued was fraudulent. The OAS report contended that the results were marred by "clear manipulation" and significant irregularities leading to the
592:
832:
5247:
2859:
Whether the events Sunday in Bolivia constitute a coup d'Ă©tat is now the subject of debate in and outside the nation. ... Bolivia's "coup" is largely a question of semantics
601:
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615:
5295:
5019:
616:
8080:
600:
4626:
2871:
4314:
5572:
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1416:
Fighting the drugs trade: The Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission was established in 1986 to coordinate efforts and cross-border cooperation in this area.
1177:
1040:
434:
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4835:
2037:
1563:
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1163:
609:
1822:
Canada signed the Charter of the Organization of American States in 1989. Canada's membership in the OAS was formalized when the decision was ratified in 1990.
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3468:
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1973:
1587:
1025:
704:
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237:
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Honduras was approved unanimously with 33 votes (Honduras did not vote). This was the first suspension carried out by the OAS since that of Cuba in 1962.
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1946:
The current government of Cuba was excluded from participation in the Organization under a decision adopted by the Eighth Meeting of Consultation in
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majority vote, except for those for which the Charter or the General Assembly's own rules of procedure specifically require a two-thirds majority.
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said there will be no such conditions. "This is a new proposal, it has no conditionsâof any kind," FalconĂ said. "That suspension was made in the
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In 2017 the US contributed $ 17 million to the fund for specific programs which was almost a third of the total contributions for that year.
1274:
submitted a formal request to leave the OAS, following condemnation from the OAS General Assembly of Foreign Ministers of the outcome of the
2143:
democratic legitimacy" and also instructed the Permanent Council to undertake an assessment of the situation and "take appropriate action".
1910:, at that time the constitutional president of Venezuela. The meeting was attended by foreign ministers from 21 American nations, including
1835:
767:
5758:
4845:
3418:"The New York Times Admits Key Falsehoods That Drove Last Year's Coup in Bolivia: Falsehoods Peddled by the U.S., Its Media, and the Times"
3042:
1470:
3986:
3078:
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4228:
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Suspended from 1962 to 2009, however the Cuban government has stated it does not intend to resume participation in the organization. See
2446:
1523:
1002:
951:
920:
633:
605:
594:
107:
93:
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562:
8090:
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958:, 1910), the name of the organization was changed to the Union of American Republics and the Bureau became the Pan American Union. The
774:
4368:
1031:
The transition from the Pan American Union to OAS would have been smooth if it had not been for the assassination of Colombian leader
575:
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7007:
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To prevent possible causes of difficulties and to ensure the pacific settlement of disputes that may arise among the member states.
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1020:. This was the event that saw the birth of the OAS as it stands today, with the signature by 21 American countries of the
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5060:
4906:
3284:
2500:
2226:
2107:
2078:
2070:
1458:
1401:
Fostering free trade: The OAS is one of the three agencies currently engaged in drafting a treaty aiming to establish an
1352:, the OAS made major efforts to reinvent itself to fit the new context. Its stated priorities now include the following:
1156:
904:
855:
The notion of an international union in the American continent was first put forward during the liberation of America by
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position with a European focus; resulting in the Canadian government seeing little value in pursuing OAS membership.
1256:
as the acting president, expressed his desire for Venezuela to remain a member of the OAS. the OAS voted to recognize
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1440:
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1966:
That this incompatibility excluded the present Government of Cuba from participation in the inter-American system.
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2955:⊠Mark Weisbrot, co-director of the Center for Economic and Policy Research, a left-wing Washington policy group.
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1242:
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1109:
Significant milestones in the history of the OAS since the signing of the Charter have included the following:
1085:
1067:
1063:
752:
3437:"The OAS Accusation of Electoral Fraud Against Evo Morales is Bullshit â And Now We Have the Data to Prove It"
2158:
143 of the OAS Charter, the process to withdraw from the organization takes two years after its announcement.
585:
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87:
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597:
586:
579:
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919:
The pursuit of regional solidarity and cooperation again came to the forefront in 1889â1890, at the First
563:
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6004:
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959:
939:
845:
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2937:
2692:
catalog, International bureau of the American republics, Washington, D. C. [from old; Book, Start this,
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582:
574:
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5237:
5232:
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5145:
4987:
4982:
4439:""PregĂșntense a quiĂ©n hubiera apoyado SimĂłn BolĂvar", dijo Zelenski en un emotivo discurso ante la OEA"
685:
588:
533:
604:
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6604:
6259:
6040:
5918:
5597:
5462:
5417:
5267:
5257:
3851:
2471:
2084:, Honduras' membership of the Organization was suspended unanimously at midnight on 5 July 2009. The
1032:
973:
583:
578:
576:
567:
564:
4073:
2911:"Informe de la UE detectĂł "numerosos errores" en elecciones de Bolivia | Voice of America - Spanish"
1503:
The Committee on Inter-American Summits Management and Civil Society Participation in OAS Activities
1333:, which constitutes an obstacle to the full democratic development of the peoples of the hemisphere.
1234:
announces it would begin the process to leave the OAS, accusing the organization of interference in
596:
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7672:
7328:
7253:
6894:
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6465:
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6102:
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4594:
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1555:
1550:
1303:
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organized an inter-American conference in Buenos Aires. One of the items at the conference was a "
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568:
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1420:
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2626:
2575:
2013:
On 17 April 2009, after a "trading of warm words" between the administrations of U.S. President
1392:). Work is also underway on the construction of a common inter-American counter-terrorism front.
584:
8003:
7692:
7545:
7308:
7258:
7173:
7047:
6860:
6788:
6748:
6663:
5537:
5427:
4916:
3996:
3832:
3784:
3230:"Nicaragua announces withdrawal from Organization of American States despite bloc's objections"
2525:
2353:
2248:
Although a number of other languages have official status in one or more member states of OAS (
2007:
2000:
1941:
1898:
During the 6th Conference of Foreign Ministers of the Organization of American States (OAS) in
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1188:
1036:
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2022:
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4399:
3659:
3507:
3020:"Data from Bolivia's Election Add More Evidence That OAS Fabricated Last Year's Fraud Claims"
2203:
1782:
1319:
To seek the solution of political, judicial, and economic problems that may arise among them.
1142:
935:
570:
377:
4595:
The Organization of American States in Haiti: Election Monitoring or Political Intervention?
4501:
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589:
7886:
7122:
6541:
5928:
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4094:
3839:. Latin American Network Information Center, University of Texas at Austin. pp. 40â41.
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2395:
2339:
1323:
1907:
607:
573:
8:
6536:
6213:
6097:
6092:
5732:
5472:
5262:
5055:
4800:
4655:
4283:
3764:
3717:
3143:
3047:
2810:
2025:
said he would ask the 2009 General Assembly to annul the 1962 resolution excluding Cuba.
1764:
1728:
1424:
987:
963:
669:
397:
252:
161:
64:
6275:
Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC)
4604:
3688:
by Dr. Ludwil J. Kos-Rabcewicz-Zubkowski, Air University Review, SeptemberâOctober 1967.
2265:
2061:
5331:
4999:
4715:
4588:
4562:
4383:"OAS - Organization of American States: Democracy for peace, security, and development"
3991:
2942:
2642:"OAS - Organization of American States: Democracy for peace, security, and development"
2602:"OAS - Organization of American States: Democracy for peace, security, and development"
2367:
2218:
1637:
1227:
2011: OAS lifts the suspension of Honduras with the return of Manuel Zelaya from exile.
1176:
1991: Adoption of Resolution 1080, which requires the Secretary General to convene the
1136:
1090:
1017:
864:
860:
312:
213:
7144:
5197:
Initiative for the Integration of the Regional Infrastructure of South America (IIRSA)
3636:"Charter of the Organization of American States (a-41): Signatories and Ratifications"
2840:
8038:
7713:
7379:
7185:
6866:
6675:
6320:
6087:
6047:
5835:
5667:
5527:
5227:
5222:
5141:
United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC, CEPAL)
4566:
4554:
3614:
3052:
2890:
2815:
2712:
2641:
1330:
977:
924:
849:
625:
showing the relationships between various multinational organizations in the Americas
6340:
5727:
3937:
2041:
1316:
To provide for common action on the part of those states in the event of aggression.
1260:
as Venezuela's delegate in April, the National Assembly's representative to the OAS.
1181:
7640:
6077:
6030:
6014:
5951:
5774:
5657:
5166:
5120:
5040:
4544:
3942:
2845:
2601:
2381:
2347:
2257:
2249:
2234:
2211:
2152:
1454:, the Inter-American Council for Integral Development, and a number of committees.
1410:
1056:
943:
696:
688:
founded on 30 April 1948 to promote cooperation among its member states within the
661:
218:
165:
36:
4315:"Ortega anuncia la salida de la OEA tras el rechazo a las elecciones de Nicaragua"
4047:
4025:
3883:
2877:(in Spanish). European Union in Bolivia. Archived from the original on 6 July 2020
1829:
1357:
practices and values, and to help countries detect and defuse official corruption.
7703:
7397:
6884:
6057:
5978:
5966:
5602:
5277:
5161:
5070:
4958:
4472:
3888:
3804:
3704:
3685:
3666:
3086:
2693:
2423:
2261:
2230:
2207:
1903:
1132:
1013:
677:
222:
50:
5009:
7937:
7755:
7750:
7452:
7200:
7163:
6934:
6690:
6658:
6653:
6572:
6511:
6496:
6392:
6335:
6330:
5971:
5913:
5908:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5830:
5617:
5562:
5467:
5407:
4259:
4203:"Biden calls Nicaragua's election a 'pantomime' that's 'neither free nor fair'"
2441:
2172:
2029:
1947:
1914:, which at that time had not yet been expelled from the inter-American system.
1457:
The General Secretariat of the Organization of American States consists of six
1024:
on 30 April 1948 (in effect since December 1951). The meeting also adopted the
995:
5453:
Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation
4369:"Accountability for Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo Following OAS Departure"
2507:
2114:
2018:
2003:
1995:
1450:
The Organization of American States is composed of a General Secretariat, the
1249:
8059:
7745:
7178:
6668:
6161:
5961:
5955:
5532:
5392:
4993:
4805:
4558:
4066:
3742:
3056:
2819:
2431:
2198:
2139:
2081:
1918:
1692:
1594:
1349:
1345:
1221:
872:
622:
452:
402:
188:
174:
6591:
7725:
7662:
5903:
5422:
3234:
2668:"As a Uruguayan is poised to head the OAS, questions swirl about Venezuela"
2014:
1991:
1076:
982:
955:
710:
440:
5458:
Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America â Peoples' Trade Treaty
4494:
4178:"Latin America's left raises pressure on Venezuela's Guaido at OAS summit"
3911:
2806:"Bolivia's Morales resigns amid scathing election report, rising protests"
1360:
Working for peace: Special OAS missions have supported peace processes in
6531:
6526:
6280:
Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia (CICA)
6182:
5943:
5923:
5898:
5877:
5872:
5866:
5627:
5402:
5347:
5125:
4785:
4725:
4665:
4488:
4078:
3747:
1815:
1758:
1647:
1507:
The various commissions of the Organization of American States include:
1443:
1296:
1071:
913:
382:
322:
7299:
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
6779:
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
2872:"UniĂłn Europea MisiĂłnde Expertos Electorales Bolivia 2019 Informe Final"
2732:
2417:
1986:
7927:
7585:
7318:
7067:
6798:
6501:
5933:
5882:
5845:
5840:
5095:
4705:
1899:
1870: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1627:
1490:
The various committees of the Organization of American States include:
1016:, a meeting which led to a pledge by members to fight communism in the
755: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
302:
6634:
4549:
4532:
4319:
3469:"A partir de este domingo Nicaragua estĂĄ oficialmente fuera de la OEA"
3139:"Opinion: The OAS helped undermine, not restore, democracy in Bolivia"
5518:
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership
5290:
5130:
4815:
4735:
4660:
4464:
Marguerite Groves (Coordinator, Division of Language Services, OAS),
4413:"Montenegro Gains Observer Status to Organisation of American States"
4112:
3748:"Organization of American States: Background and Issues for Congress"
3043:"Analysis | Yes, Bolivia's 2019 election was problematic. Here's why"
2461:
2241:(CIM), the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD), the
1714:
1702:
1672:
1652:
1602:
1593:
Upon its foundation in 1948, the OAS had 21 members, most of them in
1377:
1373:
1361:
1271:
1231:
892:
888:
412:
332:
257:
1845:
1006:
730:
7851:
7359:
6839:
6228:
5612:
5176:
5100:
4795:
4770:
4750:
4710:
4700:
4670:
4020:
4018:
4016:
4014:
2466:
2268:
in Paraguay), they are not official languages of the Organization.
2086:
2066:
2045:
2033:
1752:
1746:
1722:
1682:
1662:
1622:
1365:
1341:
876:
868:
689:
392:
367:
347:
307:
297:
267:
5296:
Dominican RepublicâCentral America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR)
4927:
3787:(Press release). Organization of American States. 4 February 1998.
3399:"A Bitter Election. Accusations of Fraud. And Now Second Thoughts"
3339:"OAS recognises Guaido's envoy until new Venezuela elections held"
3198:"A Bitter Election. Accusations of Fraud. And Now Second Thoughts"
6974:
6949:
6636:
4810:
4755:
4730:
4720:
4680:
4299:
3741:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1951:
1776:
1740:
1734:
1697:
1642:
1607:
1389:
900:
880:
714:
407:
352:
327:
317:
277:
262:
5081:
Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America (PROSUR)
4040:
4011:
7953:
7535:
7146:
7037:
4765:
4760:
4740:
4690:
4685:
4675:
4484:
4343:"Nicaragua withdraws from regional bloc OAS after election row"
3669:, Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada (DFAIT), 2005.
3079:"Mexico to OAS: Stop interfering in Bolivia's internal affairs"
2183:
1830:
Sanctions against the Dominican Republic during Trujillo regime
1800:
1794:
1788:
1717:. Members with later admission dates (sorted chronologically):
1710:
1677:
1667:
1612:
1406:
1381:
1166:
established as the Organization's supreme decision-making body.
908:
884:
362:
357:
337:
287:
282:
272:
7428:
International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO)
4466:
Information on the use of language at the OAS: multilingualism
4051:
3533:"Nicaragua says it will leave Organization of American States"
3077:
Garcia, David Alire (17 March 2021). Esposito, Anthony (ed.).
7993:
7968:
7677:
7314:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
6794:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
6547:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
6516:
6481:
6450:
6269:
5447:
5412:
5206:
4745:
4695:
4152:"Venezuela says it will quit Organization of American States"
4108:"Organisation of American States suspends Honduras over coup"
2176:
1922:
1657:
1617:
1369:
1192:
1084:
internal affairs of Bolivia. The OAS observed the subsequent
342:
292:
4502:"OAS :: Our Structure : Specialized Organizations"
4453:
Amendments to the Rules of Procedure of the General Assembly
3718:"Six Report on the Situation of Political Prisoners in Cuba"
3167:"ONU, OEA y Uniore descartan fraude en elecciones generales"
7892:
7719:
7443:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
7402:
7370:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
7364:
6925:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
6889:
6850:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
6844:
6546:
6451:
AustraliaâNew ZealandâUnited States Security Treaty (ANZUS)
6397:
6233:
5702:
5622:
5457:
5050:
5020:
United States involvement in regime change in Latin America
4775:
3368:"Tarre Briceño, primera designación gubernamental de la AN"
2146:
In response to this statement, Nicaraguan Foreign Minister
1911:
1687:
1632:
1385:
1210:
1149:
896:
372:
4582:
2841:"AP Explains: Did a coup force Bolivia's Evo Morales out?"
548:
6521:
6188:
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC)
5248:
Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean (CAF)
4634:
4255:"Nicaragua decides to leave OAS after election criticism"
3568:
3566:
7294:
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)
6774:
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)
6290:
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
6224:
Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC)
5573:
GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development
5066:
Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC)
2929:
2917:(in Spanish). Voice of America Spanish. 21 December 2019
7663:
United States membership in international organizations
7274:
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
6759:
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
6506:
5568:
Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America
3870:"Cuba will never rejoin 'imperialist' OAS, says Castro"
3765:"The Situation of Human Rights in Cuba: Seventh Report"
3285:"CHARTER OF THE ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES (A-41)"
2747:"League of Nations in Americas urged by 3 Latin states"
2538:
2312:
Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture
1546:
General Assembly of the Organization of American States
7279:
Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF)
6141:
4229:"OAS members condemn Nicaragua elections, urge action"
3590:
3578:
3563:
3551:
3216:"OAS members condemn Nicaragua elections, urge action"
2210:
Queen in front of the seat of the OAS headquarters in
1985:"merely as a courtesy" by Minister of Foreign Affairs
1281:
2023: Nicaragua completed its withdrawal from the OAS.
1141:
1961: Charter of Punta del Este signed, launching the
2056:
1932:, which had been adopted at the OAS on 29 July 1960.
1497:
The Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Affairs
1028:, the world's first general human rights instrument.
7269:
Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI)
7236:
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
6726:
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
6552:
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF)
5804:
5638:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
4902:
American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man
4176:
Aquino, Marco; Rochabrun, Marcelo (7 October 2022).
3785:"Mexico Calls for Cuba's Reinstatement into the OAS"
3726:. Organization of American States. 14 December 1979.
3252:. La Prensa Latina. 18 November 2023. Archived from
2997:"Obamacare won't slash workers' hours, report finds"
2735:. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress. 1987.
2329:
1974:
American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man
1588:
Member states of the Organization of American States
1026:
American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man
18:
International organization of states in the Americas
3611:
Canada and the OAS: From Dilettante to Full Partner
2006:promised to veto any final declaration of the 2009
1446:
speaks at the OAS Permanent Council in January 2019
1097:In November 2021, OAS condemned the outcome of the
7423:International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO)
6316:Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation
5653:Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation
3773:. Organization of American States. 4 October 1983.
3250:"The history behind Nicaragua's exit from the OAS"
2065:The OAS's Extraordinary Assembly voted to suspend
1340:Over the course of the 1990s, with the end of the
1035:. The Director General of the Pan American Union,
717:was inaugurated as OAS secretary general in 2015.
8081:International organizations based in the Americas
7403:European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
6890:European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
8057:
5688:South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
5513:Community of Latin American and Caribbean States
4533:"Canada and the OAS: the Vacant Chair Revisited"
3613:. McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 144.
3164:
2437:Community of Latin American and Caribbean States
1554:A session of the OAS's 35th General Assembly in
1494:The Committee on Juridical and Political Affairs
69:
6537:IndiaâBrazilâSouth Africa Dialogue Forum (IBSA)
5111:Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)
4175:
3314:. Organization of American States. 9 April 2019
2505:President of the National Assembly of Venezuela
2306:Pan-American Institute of Geography and History
2112:President of the National Assembly of Venezuela
2028:On 3 June 2009, foreign ministers assembled in
561:
499:40,275,678 km (15,550,526 sq mi)
122:"Democracy for peace, security and development"
7304:International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
7231:International Organization for Migration (IOM)
6784:International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
6721:International Organization for Migration (IOM)
6482:BrazilâRussiaâIndiaâChinaâSouth Africa (BRICS)
6362:Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)
6270:Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
5413:Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
5091:Latin American Integration Association (ALADI)
4897:Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance
4313:Maldonado, Carlos Salinas (19 November 2021).
4281:
3849:
3679:Canada and the Organization of American States
3660:Canada and the Organization of American States
1930:Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance
1471:Executive Secretariat for Integral Development
1129:Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance
1022:Charter of the Organization of American States
992:Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance
7648:
7191:International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
7130:
6681:International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
6620:
6596:
5790:
5503:Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations
5363:
5316:United StatesâMexicoâCanada Agreement (USMCA)
5036:Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO)
4943:
4620:
4371:. U.S. Department of State. 19 November 2023.
3987:"Declaration of the Revolutionary Government"
3912:"U.S., Cuba trade warm words ahead of summit"
3165:Tancara Castillo, CĂĄndido (23 October 2020).
1578:electing members to serve on those agencies.
634:
41:
2969:"Are Women the New Face of Organized Labor?"
2717:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
55:
5678:Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
5116:Organization of Ibero-American States (OEI)
5051:Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA)
4866:Inter-American Telecommunication Commission
4477:Inter-American Languages Management Seminar
4400:SER :: DIA :: Permanent Observers
4074:"OAS expels Honduras' membership over coup"
2988:
2659:
2515:recognize as Venezuela's delegate in April.
2447:Flag of the Organization of American States
1581:
1524:Inter-American Telecommunication Commission
1431:
1003:International Conference of American States
952:International Conference of American States
921:International Conference of American States
848:in 1910, shortly after its construction in
7655:
7641:
7137:
7123:
6627:
6613:
6492:Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries
6219:Central American Integration System (SICA)
5797:
5783:
5377:
5370:
5356:
5286:Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA)
5182:Central America-4 Border Control Agreement
5061:Central American Integration System (SICA)
4950:
4936:
4627:
4613:
4587:
3707:, Canada World View, Issue 8, Summer 2000.
3698:Canada and the OAS: A Vigorous Partnership
3471:(in Spanish). La Prensa. 19 November 2023.
3312:"Resolution on the Situation in Venezuela"
3106:
1836:Assassination attempt of RĂłmulo Betancourt
1480:Secretariat for Administration and Finance
1324:economic, social, and cultural development
875:, comprising the present-day countries of
640:
628:
8111:United Nations General Assembly observers
7413:International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
7365:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
6905:International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
6845:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
6430:South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone
6398:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
6234:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
6193:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)
5693:South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone
5623:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
5543:Economic Community of West African States
4861:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
4851:Secretariat for Multidimensional Security
4548:
4312:
3770:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
3723:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
3415:
3396:
3195:
3040:
2935:
2803:
2243:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
1978:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
1886:Learn how and when to remove this message
1713:and the newly independent nations of the
1518:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
1476:Secretariat for Multidimensional Security
1322:To promote, by cooperative action, their
1115:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
1055:The OAS emblem with its official name in
815:Learn how and when to remove this message
8121:United StatesâCentral American relations
8096:1948 establishments in the United States
7350:Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)
7264:Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
6830:Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)
6754:Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
6446:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
6357:Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
6300:Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat (TCS)
6265:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
6244:Union of South American Nations (UNASUR)
5633:Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States
5136:Union of South American Nations (UNASUR)
4481:Conseil supérieur de la langue française
3158:
3017:
2967:Sussman, Anna Louie (7 September 2015).
2551:
2197:
2182:In March 2022, the OAS voted to suspend
2060:
1709:The later expansion of the OAS included
1549:
1435:
1088:stating there was no evidence of fraud.
1050:
940:Pan American Union headquarters building
934:
839:
831:
557:
8101:Organizations based in Washington, D.C.
7345:Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS)
7289:International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
6825:Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS)
6769:International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
6367:Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
6295:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
6285:Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
5488:Collective Security Treaty Organization
4599:Center for Economic and Policy Research
4530:
4105:
3608:
3596:
3584:
3572:
3557:
3527:
3525:
3434:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3136:
3116:Center for Economic and Policy Research
3109:"Analysis of the 2019 Bolivia Election"
3024:Center for Economic and Policy Research
2966:
2691:
2276:The OAS has five specialized agencies:
2271:
1906:regime had sponsored an attack against
1291:then defines eight essential purposes:
1216:2009: OAS suspends Honduras due to the
8131:United StatesâSouth American relations
8126:United StatesâNorth American relations
8076:International diplomatic organizations
8058:
7284:Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
6764:Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
6119:Composite Index of National Capability
5698:Southern African Development Community
5593:Latin American Integration Association
5398:Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization
3938:"OAS votes to lift suspension of Cuba"
3076:
2165:
2129:
2097:
1009:between March and May 1948 and led by
666:OrganizaciĂłn de los Estados Americanos
43:OrganizaciĂłn de los Estados Americanos
8086:International political organizations
7636:
7226:International Olympic Committee (IOC)
7207:Organization of American States (OAS)
7145:International organizations with the
7118:
6716:International Olympic Committee (IOC)
6697:Organization of American States (OAS)
6608:
6595:
6239:Organization of American States (OAS)
6209:Association of Caribbean States (ACS)
6140:
5778:
5764:Regionalism (international relations)
5648:Organization of Ibero-American States
5483:Central European Free Trade Agreement
5351:
5106:Organization of American States (OAS)
5086:Latin American Economic System (SELA)
5046:Association of Caribbean States (ACS)
4973:Spanish American wars of independence
4931:
4636:Organization of American States (OAS)
4608:
4506:OAS - Organization of American States
3833:"Castro admits problems in education"
3830:
3483:"The Organization of American States"
3362:
3360:
3030:from the original on 25 October 2023.
2627:"The Organization of American States"
2576:"The Organization of American States"
2494:
2492:
2452:Organization of Ibero-American States
2193:
2134:On 7 November 2021, Nicaragua held a
1976:, etc. still hold: for instance, the
1808:
1500:The Committee on Hemispheric Security
1209:2009: OAS revokes 1962 suspension of
7375:Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
6855:Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
5759:Regional organizations by population
4871:Inter-American Court of Human Rights
4846:Secretariat for Integral Development
4282:Kawsachun News (19 November 2021).
3522:
3508:"OAS readmits Honduras to its ranks"
3326:
3299:
3268:
2804:Faiola, Anthony; Krygier, Rachelle.
1928:It was the first application of the
1868:adding citations to reliable sources
1839:
1285:
1171:Inter-American Court of Human Rights
753:adding citations to reliable sources
724:
7355:International Criminal Court (ICCt)
6835:International Criminal Court (ICCt)
6010:International relations (1814â1919)
5478:Central American Integration System
4957:
4907:American Convention on Human Rights
3633:
3435:Resnick, David (5 September 2020).
2994:
2936:Rosenberg, Tina (4 November 2007).
2903:
2864:
2639:
2599:
2544:
2501:2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis
2287:Inter-American Children's Institute
2186:as a permanent observer due to the
2108:2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis
2071:2009 Honduran constitutional crisis
1586:For a more comprehensive list, see
1539:
1157:American Convention on Human Rights
905:United Provinces of Central America
448:âą Assistant Secretary General
13:
6326:European Political Community (EPC)
5713:Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat
5493:Commonwealth of Independent States
5015:Inter-American Commission of Women
4856:Inter-American Commission of Women
4524:
4048:"Honduras leaders pull out of OAS"
4026:"Americas group suspends Honduras"
3730:
3397:Kurmanaev, Anatoly (7 June 2020).
3357:
3196:Kurmanaev, Anatoly (7 June 2020).
3041:Nooruddin, Irfan (10 March 2020).
3018:Johnston, Jake (21 October 2020).
2489:
2300:Inter-American Commission of Women
2239:Inter-American Commission of Women
2057:Suspension of Honduras (2009â2011)
1512:Inter-American Commission of Women
1486:Secretariat for External Relations
1427:, and natural disaster mitigation.
1247:President of the National Assembly
1062:The OAS conducted an audit of the
1039:, became the Organization's first
707:in the Americas are OAS members.
674:Organização dos Estados Americanos
200:OAS headquarters, Washington, D.C.
71:Organização dos Estados Americanos
14:
8142:
8116:United StatesâCaribbean relations
8091:Organizations established in 1948
7418:International Energy Agency (IEA)
6910:International Energy Agency (IEA)
6635:International organizations with
5683:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
5548:Economic Cooperation Organization
5433:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
5172:CARICOM Single Market and Economy
5146:United States Pirate Party (USPP)
4841:Secretariat for Political Affairs
4574:
4415:. 4 February 2014. Archived from
4402:. OAS. Retrieved on 12 July 2013.
4141:. OAS. Retrieved on 12 July 2013.
3884:"Chavez threatens veto over Cuba"
3287:. Organization of American States
3137:Hetland, Gabriel (7 March 2020).
3107:Williams, Jack R.; Curiel, John.
2780:"Organization of American States"
2537:Suspended between 2009â2011. See
2050:Inter-American Democratic Charter
1935:
1466:Secretariat for Political Affairs
1403:inter-continental free trade area
1204:Inter-American Democratic Charter
1195:), which resolved to establish a
972:In the mid-1930s, U.S. President
764:"Organization of American States"
682:Organisation des Ătats amĂ©ricains
57:Organisation des Ătats amĂ©ricains
7324:World Customs Organization (WCO)
6804:World Customs Organization (WCO)
6456:Melanesian Spearhead Group (MSG)
5806:Power in international relations
5523:Council of the Baltic Sea States
5192:Eastern Caribbean Currency Union
4791:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
4106:Hipwell, Deirdre (5 July 2009).
3808:. 22 August 1960. Archived from
3789:Organization of American States.
3736:
3455:"Nicaragua decides to leave OAS"
3416:Greenwald, Glenn (8 June 2020).
2763:"Americas adopt neutrality pact"
2665:
2416:
2402:
2388:
2374:
2360:
2346:
2332:
2281:Pan American Health Organization
2188:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
1844:
1771:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1011:United States Secretary of State
729:
388:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
128:
100:
86:
8071:Intergovernmental organizations
8066:Organization of American States
7943:United Nations Security Council
7254:African Development Bank (AfDB)
7196:Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
7169:European Free Trade Association
6744:African Development Bank (AfDB)
6686:Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
6260:Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)
5723:Union of South American Nations
5643:Organization of American States
5443:Association of Caribbean States
5306:Free Trade Area of the Americas
5301:Economic Partnership Agreements
5253:Inter-American Development Bank
4458:
4445:
4431:
4405:
4393:
4375:
4361:
4335:
4306:
4275:
4247:
4221:
4195:
4169:
4144:
4139:Press Releases :: E-698/11
4132:
3979:
3958:
3930:
3904:
3876:
3862:
3843:
3824:
3792:
3777:
3757:
3710:
3691:
3672:
3653:
3627:
3602:
3500:
3475:
3461:
3447:
3428:
3409:
3390:
3242:
3222:
3208:
3189:
3130:
3100:
3070:
3034:
3011:
2960:
2833:
2797:
2772:
2756:
2745:Special to the New York Times.
2629:. Council on Foreign Relations.
2531:
2518:
2477:Union of South American Nations
1855:needs additional citations for
1197:Free Trade Area of the Americas
1127:1960: First application of the
1122:Inter-American Development Bank
1046:
994:(Rio Treaty) signed in 1947 in
930:
827:
740:needs additional citations for
650:Organization of American States
25:Organization of American States
7329:World Trade Organization (WTO)
6895:European Investment Bank (EIB)
6809:World Trade Organization (WTO)
6466:Polynesian Leaders Group (PLG)
6372:Eurasian Economic Union (EaEU)
5508:Community of Democratic Choice
4978:Decolonization of the Americas
3872:. Deutsche Welle. 5 June 2016.
3850:Lino Gutierrez (9 June 2009).
3831:Solis, Marta (26 April 1972).
2739:
2725:
2685:
2633:
2619:
2593:
2568:
2264:in Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia;
2079:the expulsion of its President
1570:can convene special sessions.
1299:and security of the continent.
1265:2019 Bolivian general election
1243:Venezuelan presidential crisis
1086:2020 Bolivian general election
1068:2019 Bolivian political crisis
1064:2019 Bolivian general election
1:
7438:Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
6920:Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
6749:Asian Development Bank (AsDB)
6377:Organization of Turkic States
6214:Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
6000:List of medieval great powers
5718:Organization of Turkic States
5473:Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
5056:Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
4451:General Assembly of the OAS,
3995:. 8 June 2009. Archived from
3852:"Why Cuba won't join the OAS"
2561:
1917:All countries, including the
1483:Secretariat for Legal Affairs
1344:, the return to democracy in
1308:principle of non-intervention
1263:2020: OAS concluded that the
1159:signed (in force since 1978).
1104:
8106:Anti-communist organizations
7309:Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)
7259:Asian Development Bank (ADB)
6861:Western European Union (WEU)
6789:Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)
6124:Comprehensive National Power
5995:List of ancient great powers
5583:Indian Ocean Rim Association
5558:European Political Community
5438:Assembly of European Regions
3487:Council on Foreign Relations
3374:(in Spanish). Archived from
3218:. Reuters. 13 November 2021.
3173:(in Spanish). Archived from
2995:Fox, Maggie (24 July 2013).
2580:Council on Foreign Relations
2510:, who was recognized by the
2117:, who was recognized by the
1236:Venezuela's political crisis
962:was constructed in 1910, on
701:Council on Foreign Relations
150: Disputed member states
7:
7433:Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)
7408:European Space Agency (ESA)
6915:Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)
6900:European Space Agency (ESA)
6461:Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)
6414:Union for the Mediterranean
6167:Union for the Mediterranean
6005:List of modern great powers
5243:Central American Parliament
4876:Pan American Union Building
2325:
2256:alongside French in Haiti;
2069:on 5 July 2009, during the
1306:, with due respect for the
1302:To promote and consolidate
1099:Nicaraguan general election
968:Northwest, Washington, D.C.
960:Pan American Union Building
846:Pan American Union Building
10:
8147:
6542:Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
6053:Hegemonic stability theory
5608:Melanesian Spearhead Group
5238:Caribbean Development Bank
5233:Caribbean Court of Justice
5187:Central America-4 passport
4988:North American integration
4983:Latin American integration
2938:"The Perils Of Petrocracy"
1939:
1833:
1585:
1543:
1530:
720:
686:international organization
144: Former member states
7668:
7625:indicates observer status
7620:
7486:
7460:
7451:
7388:
7337:
7244:
7216:
7154:
7107:indicates observer status
7102:
6993:
6942:
6933:
6875:
6817:
6734:
6706:
6644:
6602:
6597:Links to related articles
6565:
6474:
6438:
6422:
6406:
6385:
6349:
6308:
6252:
6201:
6175:
6154:
6150:
6136:
6111:
6023:
5987:
5942:
5891:
5816:
5812:
5746:
5598:Latin American Parliament
5418:Asia Cooperation Dialogue
5385:
5324:
5276:
5268:South American Parliament
5258:Latin American Parliament
5215:
5154:
5028:
4965:
4884:
4828:
4651:
4642:
2895:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2733:"Panama: A Country Study"
2472:Statues of the Liberators
2010:due to Cuba's exclusion.
1331:eradicate extreme poverty
974:Franklin Delano Roosevelt
541:
528:
518:
508:
503:
493:
488:
484:
471:
467:
462:
458:
446:
431:
427:
422:
236:
212:
189:38.8929138°N 77.0403734°W
156:
127:
116:
82:
31:
23:
8034:World Trade Organization
6143:Organizations and groups
6103:Superpower disengagement
5673:Polynesian Leaders Group
5588:LiptakoâGourma Authority
5578:Gulf Cooperation Council
4116:. London. Archived from
3800:"The Testing of the OAS"
3703:19 February 2005 at the
3684:23 November 2007 at the
2482:
2021:, OAS Secretary General
1582:Membership and adhesions
1556:Fort Lauderdale, Florida
1432:Organizational structure
1348:, and the thrust toward
1304:representative democracy
6487:Commonwealth of Nations
6321:Council of Europe (CoE)
6083:Power transition theory
5553:Eurasian Economic Union
5498:Commonwealth of Nations
5311:G3 Free Trade Agreement
5076:Contadora support group
4912:Pan-American Conference
4537:Revue générale de droit
4531:Pharand, Donat (1986).
4491:, 20 to 22 August 2002
4471:3 February 2007 at the
3665:23 January 2009 at the
3609:McKenna, Peter (1995).
3457:. DW. 19 November 2021.
2974:The Wall Street Journal
2784:Encyclopedia Britannica
1441:U.S. Secretary of State
1421:sustainable development
1220:which ousted president
703:. As of November 2023,
524:24/km (62.2/sq mi)
194:38.8929138; -77.0403734
7380:Zangger Committee (ZC)
7186:Council of Europe (CE)
6867:Zangger Committee (ZC)
6676:Council of Europe (CE)
5538:East African Community
5428:Asia-Europe Foundation
5379:Regional organizations
5041:Andean Community (CAN)
4917:Summit of the Americas
3966:"Proceedings Volume 1"
2753:. 13 April 1936. p. 1.
2539:Suspension of Honduras
2354:Central America portal
2214:
2074:
2008:Summit of the Americas
1969:
1559:
1447:
1396:Defending human rights
1189:Summit of the Americas
1184:in any member country.
1131:against the regime of
1059:
1037:Alberto Lleras Camargo
947:
867:, still being part of
852:
837:
681:
673:
665:
645:
70:
56:
42:
6557:Uniting for Consensus
5708:Three Seas Initiative
5663:Pacific Islands Forum
5463:BritishâIrish Council
5337:Pan-American Congress
4781:Saint Kitts and Nevis
3537:Associated Press News
2640:OAS (1 August 2009).
2600:OAS (1 August 2009).
2204:Isabella I of Castile
2201:
2124:Gustavo Tarre Briceño
2064:
2036:, for the OAS's 39th
1956:
1940:Further information:
1783:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1553:
1439:
1258:Gustavo Tarre Briceño
1180:within ten days of a
1143:Alliance for Progress
1070:. Bolivian president
1054:
938:
927:trace their origins.
843:
835:
620:
378:Saint Kitts and Nevis
6423:AfricaâSouth America
6386:North AmericaâEurope
5754:Regional integration
5738:Western Balkans Quad
5202:Interoceanic Highway
2457:Regional integration
2410:Latin America portal
2396:South America portal
2340:North America portal
2272:Specialized agencies
2162:November that year.
2138:which saw President
2001:Venezuelan President
1864:improve this article
1252:, recognized by the
1164:OAS General Assembly
1033:Jorge Eliécer Gaitån
836:The OAS logo in 1909
749:improve this article
510:âą 2008 estimate
7453:United Nations (UN)
7245:Economic and social
6935:United Nations (UN)
6735:Economic and social
6659:European Union (EU)
6573:United Nations (UN)
6341:VisegrĂĄd Group (V4)
6331:European Union (EU)
6098:Superpower collapse
6093:Sphere of influence
6068:Philosophy of power
5733:West Nordic Council
5263:Mercosur Parliament
4801:Trinidad and Tobago
4656:Antigua and Barbuda
4419:on 24 February 2014
3999:on 19 February 2012
3634:OAS (August 2009).
3256:on 19 November 2023
3144:The Washington Post
3048:The Washington Post
2915:www.voanoticias.com
2811:The Washington Post
2769:. 20 December 1936.
2552:Status of Nicaragua
2217:The Organization's
2166:Permanent observers
2130:Status of Nicaragua
2098:Status of Venezuela
2023:José Miguel Insulza
1765:Antigua and Barbuda
1729:Trinidad and Tobago
1725:(member since 1967)
1425:sustainable tourism
1148:1962: OAS suspends
988:collective security
964:Constitution Avenue
925:General Secretariat
398:Trinidad and Tobago
253:Antigua and Barbuda
184: /
162:Constitution Avenue
138: Member states
7945:(permanent member)
7700:(dialogue partner)
6407:AfricaâAsiaâEurope
5332:Pan American Games
5005:JosĂ© de San MartĂn
4716:Dominican Republic
4263:. 19 November 2021
4235:. 13 November 2021
4028:. BBC. 5 July 2009
3539:. 19 November 2021
3510:. CNN. 1 June 2011
3403:The New York Times
3378:on 23 January 2019
3202:The New York Times
2943:The New York Times
2849:. 11 November 2019
2767:The New York Times
2751:The New York Times
2526:CubaâOAS relations
2368:Mesoamerica portal
2219:official languages
2215:
2194:Official languages
2075:
1942:CubaâOAS relations
1809:Canada and the OAS
1638:Dominican Republic
1560:
1448:
1295:To strengthen the
1137:Dominican Republic
1091:The New York Times
1060:
1018:western hemisphere
948:
865:Congress of Panama
857:JosĂ© de San MartĂn
853:
838:
646:
313:Dominican Republic
214:Official languages
8053:
8052:
8047:
8046:
7630:
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7615:
7147:Kingdom of Norway
7112:
7111:
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7097:
6589:
6588:
6585:
6584:
6581:
6580:
6132:
6131:
6088:Second Superpower
6048:Deterrence theory
5772:
5771:
5668:Paneuropean Union
5528:Council of Europe
5345:
5344:
5228:Bank of the South
5223:Andean Parliament
4925:
4924:
4824:
4823:
4550:10.7202/1059251ar
4508:. 29 January 1996
4441:. 6 October 2022.
4209:. 8 November 2021
2512:National Assembly
2119:National Assembly
2017:and Cuban leader
1972:the Charter, the
1908:RĂłmulo Betancourt
1896:
1895:
1888:
1568:Permanent Council
1452:Permanent Council
1286:Goals and purpose
1254:National Assembly
1241:2019: During the
1178:Permanent Council
1041:Secretary General
978:League of Nations
863:who, at the 1826
850:Washington, D. C.
825:
824:
817:
799:
695:Headquartered in
556:
555:
435:Secretary General
77:
76:
8138:
7657:
7650:
7643:
7634:
7633:
7586:World Bank Group
7458:
7457:
7155:Geographical and
7139:
7132:
7125:
7116:
7115:
7068:World Bank Group
6940:
6939:
6645:Geographical and
6629:
6622:
6615:
6606:
6605:
6593:
6592:
6152:
6151:
6138:
6137:
6078:Power projection
6063:Internationalism
6036:Balance of power
6031:American decline
6015:Post-Western era
5814:
5813:
5799:
5792:
5785:
5776:
5775:
5658:Pacific Alliance
5372:
5365:
5358:
5349:
5348:
5278:Free trade areas
5167:CARICOM passport
5121:Pacific Alliance
4952:
4945:
4938:
4929:
4928:
4836:General Assembly
4649:
4648:
4629:
4622:
4615:
4606:
4605:
4591:
4586:
4585:
4583:Official website
4570:
4552:
4518:
4517:
4515:
4513:
4498:
4492:
4462:
4456:
4449:
4443:
4442:
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4409:
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4397:
4391:
4390:
4389:. 1 August 2009.
4379:
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3955:
3953:
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3943:The Miami Herald
3934:
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3238:. 25 April 2022.
3226:
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3186:
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3182:
3177:on 14 April 2021
3162:
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3083:Associated Press
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2382:Caribbean portal
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2212:Washington, D.C.
2156:
2136:general election
2038:General Assembly
1994:and his brother
1891:
1884:
1880:
1877:
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1848:
1840:
1564:General Assembly
1540:General Assembly
1411:Tierra del Fuego
944:Washington, D.C.
820:
813:
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160:17th Street and
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29:
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6058:Multilateralism
6019:
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5887:
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5773:
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5603:Lublin Triangle
5381:
5376:
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5272:
5211:
5162:Andean passport
5150:
5096:Lima Group (LG)
5071:Contadora group
5024:
4961:
4959:Pan-Americanism
4956:
4926:
4921:
4880:
4820:
4638:
4633:
4601:, October 2011.
4581:
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4525:Further reading
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4349:. 25 April 2022
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3918:. 17 April 2009
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3892:. 17 April 2009
3889:BBC News Online
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4575:External links
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4543:(3): 429â454.
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4120:on 29 May 2010
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3856:Foreign Policy
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3589:
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3345:. 9 April 2019
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1948:Punta del Este
1937:
1936:Status of Cuba
1934:
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1558:, in June 2005
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996:Rio de Janeiro
950:At the fourth
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520:âą Density
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6162:African Union
6160:
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6144:
6139:
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5544:
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5536:
5534:
5533:Craiova Group
5531:
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5409:
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5396:
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5393:African Union
5391:
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5033:
5031:
5029:Organizations
5027:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
5000:SimĂłn BolĂvar
4998:
4996:
4995:
4994:Patria Grande
4991:
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4806:United States
4804:
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4467:
4461:
4455:, 5 June 2000
4454:
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4157:
4153:
4147:
4140:
4135:
4119:
4115:
4114:
4109:
4102:
4100:
4098:
4082:. 5 July 2009
4081:
4080:
4075:
4069:
4054:. 4 July 2009
4053:
4049:
4043:
4027:
4021:
4019:
4017:
4015:
3998:
3994:
3993:
3988:
3982:
3967:
3961:
3946:. 3 June 2009
3945:
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2252:in Suriname;
2251:
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2209:
2205:
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2178:
2174:
2163:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2148:Denis Moncada
2144:
2141:
2140:Daniel Ortega
2137:
2127:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2109:
2104:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2082:Manuel Zelaya
2080:
2072:
2068:
2063:
2054:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1965:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1943:
1933:
1931:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1919:United States
1915:
1913:
1909:
1905:
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1890:
1887:
1879:
1876:November 2021
1869:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1853:This section
1851:
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1693:United States
1691:
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1595:Latin America
1589:
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1367:
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1355:
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1353:
1351:
1350:globalization
1347:
1346:Latin America
1343:
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1328:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1294:
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1280:
1277:
1276:2021 election
1273:
1269:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1222:Manuel Zelaya
1219:
1215:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1179:
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1123:
1119:
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1095:
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1087:
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1034:
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1008:
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999:
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989:
984:
979:
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965:
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945:
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937:
928:
926:
922:
917:
915:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
873:Gran Colombia
870:
866:
862:
861:SimĂłn BolĂvar
858:
851:
847:
842:
834:
819:
816:
808:
797:
794:
790:
787:
783:
780:
776:
773:
769:
766: â
765:
761:
760:Find sources:
754:
750:
744:
743:
738:This section
736:
732:
727:
726:
718:
716:
712:
708:
706:
702:
698:
693:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
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637:
631:
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623:Euler diagram
550:
545:
540:
535:
531:
527:
523:
517:
513:
507:
502:
498:
492:
487:
483:
480:30 April 1948
479:
476:
470:
466:
463:Establishment
461:
457:
454:
453:Nestor Mendez
451:
445:
442:
439:
436:
430:
426:
421:
414:
411:
409:
406:
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403:United States
401:
399:
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386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
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366:
364:
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279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
250:
247:
241:
239:
238:Member states
235:
232:
228:
224:
220:
217:
215:
211:
206:
167:
163:
159:
155:
131:
126:
119:
115:
109:
103:
95:
89:
81:
72:
68:
66:
63:
62:
58:
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48:
44:
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38:
35:
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7907:
7622:
7206:
7205:
7157:geopolitical
7104:
6859:
6696:
6695:
6647:geopolitical
6475:Nonâregional
6238:
5865:
5642:
5423:Asia Council
5216:Institutions
5105:
5010:Lucas AlamĂĄn
4992:
4829:Organization
4635:
4540:
4536:
4510:. Retrieved
4505:
4496:
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4460:
4447:
4433:
4421:. Retrieved
4417:the original
4407:
4395:
4386:
4377:
4363:
4351:. Retrieved
4346:
4337:
4325:. Retrieved
4323:(in Spanish)
4318:
4308:
4298:– via
4292:. Retrieved
4277:
4265:. Retrieved
4258:
4249:
4237:. Retrieved
4232:
4223:
4211:. Retrieved
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4197:
4185:. Retrieved
4181:
4171:
4159:. Retrieved
4155:
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4122:. Retrieved
4118:the original
4111:
4084:. Retrieved
4077:
4068:
4056:. Retrieved
4042:
4030:. Retrieved
4001:. Retrieved
3997:the original
3990:
3981:
3969:. Retrieved
3960:
3948:. Retrieved
3941:
3932:
3920:. Retrieved
3915:
3906:
3894:. Retrieved
3887:
3878:
3864:
3855:
3845:
3836:
3826:
3814:. Retrieved
3810:the original
3803:
3794:
3779:
3768:
3759:
3732:
3721:
3712:
3693:
3674:
3655:
3643:. Retrieved
3639:
3629:
3610:
3604:
3597:Pharand 1986
3592:
3585:Pharand 1986
3580:
3573:Pharand 1986
3558:Pharand 1986
3553:
3541:. Retrieved
3536:
3512:. Retrieved
3502:
3490:. Retrieved
3486:
3477:
3463:
3449:
3440:
3430:
3421:
3411:
3402:
3392:
3380:. Retrieved
3376:the original
3371:
3347:. Retrieved
3316:. Retrieved
3289:. Retrieved
3258:. Retrieved
3254:the original
3244:
3235:france24.com
3233:
3224:
3210:
3201:
3191:
3179:. Retrieved
3175:the original
3171:Pagina Siete
3170:
3160:
3148:. Retrieved
3142:
3132:
3120:. Retrieved
3102:
3090:. Retrieved
3082:
3072:
3060:. Retrieved
3046:
3036:
3023:
3013:
3001:. Retrieved
2990:
2980:20 September
2978:. Retrieved
2972:
2962:
2954:
2947:. Retrieved
2941:
2931:
2919:. Retrieved
2914:
2905:
2879:. Retrieved
2866:
2858:
2851:. Retrieved
2844:
2835:
2823:. Retrieved
2809:
2799:
2787:. Retrieved
2783:
2774:
2766:
2758:
2750:
2741:
2727:
2702:, retrieved
2694:
2687:
2675:. Retrieved
2672:Miami Herald
2671:
2661:
2649:. Retrieved
2645:
2635:
2621:
2609:. Retrieved
2605:
2595:
2583:. Retrieved
2579:
2570:
2546:
2533:
2520:
2275:
2247:
2216:
2181:
2169:
2160:
2145:
2133:
2105:
2101:
2093:
2085:
2076:
2027:
2015:Barack Obama
2012:
1992:Fidel Castro
1983:
1970:
1945:
1927:
1916:
1897:
1882:
1873:
1862:Please help
1857:verification
1854:
1824:
1820:
1812:
1708:
1592:
1576:
1572:
1561:
1534:
1506:
1489:
1459:secretariats
1456:
1449:
1339:
1289:
1187:1994: First
1108:
1096:
1089:
1077:left-leaning
1061:
1047:21st century
1030:
1005:was held in
1000:
983:World War II
971:
956:Buenos Aires
949:
931:20th century
918:
854:
828:19th century
811:
802:
792:
785:
778:
771:
759:
747:Please help
742:verification
739:
711:Luis Almagro
709:
694:
657:
653:
649:
647:
621:A clickable
543:
495:âą Total
441:Luis Almagro
415:(Disputed)
157:Headquarters
118:Motto:
117:
15:
7793:(signatory)
7487:Specialized
7247:development
7149:as a member
6994:Specialized
6737:development
6183:Arab League
6176:AfricaâAsia
5944:Geopolitics
5919:Least Great
5867:Realpolitik
5628:Open Balkan
5403:Arab League
5126:Petrocaribe
4786:Saint Lucia
4726:El Salvador
4597:, from the
4489:Quebec City
4387:www.oas.org
4327:21 November
4294:20 November
4267:21 November
4239:20 November
4213:20 November
4079:China Daily
3971:28 December
3816:24 November
3543:20 November
3492:12 November
3260:19 November
3150:14 February
3122:14 February
3092:14 February
2789:4 September
2666:Wyss, Jim.
2646:www.oas.org
2606:www.oas.org
2508:Juan GuaidĂł
2315: [
2290: [
2151: [
2115:Juan GuaidĂł
2106:During the
2019:RaĂșl Castro
2004:Hugo ChĂĄvez
1960:continents.
1816:Atlanticist
1759:Saint Lucia
1648:El Salvador
1444:Mike Pompeo
1250:Juan GuaidĂł
1182:coup d'Ă©tat
1079:think tank
1072:Evo Morales
514:980,457,921
383:Saint Lucia
323:El Salvador
192: /
8060:Categories
7928:Paris Club
7722:(observer)
7716:(observer)
7319:Paris Club
6799:Paris Club
4706:Costa Rica
4512:18 October
4423:4 February
3620:0886292581
3514:1 November
3382:23 January
3343:Al Jazeera
3003:31 October
2999:. NBC News
2921:15 October
2881:15 October
2853:4 December
2704:13 October
2562:References
2227:Portuguese
2202:Statue of
2077:Following
1900:Costa Rica
1834:See also:
1628:Costa Rica
1419:Promoting
1105:Milestones
1001:The ninth
805:April 2018
775:newspapers
670:Portuguese
504:Population
303:Costa Rica
227:Portuguese
198: (
179:77°02âČ25âłW
176:38°53âČ34âłN
65:Portuguese
6639:as member
6145:by region
5929:Potential
5291:CARIFORUM
5131:Rio Group
4816:Venezuela
4736:Guatemala
4661:Argentina
4567:191749791
4559:0035-3086
4207:France 24
4187:7 October
4113:The Times
3057:0190-8286
2949:5 October
2820:0190-8286
2462:Rio Group
1715:Caribbean
1703:Venezuela
1673:Nicaragua
1653:Guatemala
1603:Argentina
1378:Guatemala
1374:Guatemala
1362:Nicaragua
1272:Nicaragua
1232:Venezuela
893:Argentina
889:Venezuela
705:32 states
536:â10 to +0
529:Time zone
413:Venezuela
333:Guatemala
258:Argentina
246:33 states
7882:MINUSTAH
7852:Interpol
7489:agencies
7461:Branches
7391:research
7360:Interpol
7338:Security
7219:cultural
7179:Schengen
6996:agencies
6943:Branches
6878:research
6840:Interpol
6818:Security
6709:cultural
6669:Schengen
6229:Mercosur
6202:Americas
6073:Polarity
6041:European
5952:American
5914:Emerging
5909:Regional
5861:Politics
5856:National
5851:Maritime
5831:Economic
5613:Mercosur
5177:CARIPASS
5155:Projects
5101:Mercosur
4885:Politics
4796:Suriname
4771:Paraguay
4751:Honduras
4711:Dominica
4701:Colombia
4671:Barbados
4469:Archived
4353:25 April
4161:27 April
3922:17 April
3916:NBC News
3896:17 April
3701:Archived
3682:Archived
3663:Archived
3349:27 April
3318:29 April
3291:29 April
3062:18 March
3028:Archived
2891:cite web
2825:18 March
2713:citation
2677:18 March
2467:Rio Pact
2326:See also
2208:Catholic
2087:de facto
2067:Honduras
2046:Cold War
2034:Honduras
1987:RaĂșl Roa
1753:Dominica
1747:Suriname
1723:Barbados
1683:Paraguay
1663:Honduras
1623:Colombia
1366:Suriname
1342:Cold War
1206:adopted.
1199:by 2005.
1173:created.
1124:created.
1117:created.
914:national
877:Colombia
869:Colombia
690:Americas
684:) is an
393:Suriname
368:Paraguay
348:Honduras
308:Dominica
298:Colombia
268:Barbados
7984:UNMOVIC
7889:(guest)
7623:Italics
7531:MINUSMA
7105:Italics
6975:UNMOGIP
6950:MONUSCO
6637:Denmark
6350:Eurasia
6112:Studies
5988:History
5979:Pacific
5967:Chinese
5826:Climate
4966:History
4892:Charter
4811:Uruguay
4756:Jamaica
4731:Grenada
4721:Ecuador
4681:Bolivia
4666:Bahamas
4644:Members
4320:El PaĂs
4300:Twitter
4233:Reuters
4182:Reuters
4003:15 June
3837:Siempre
3441:Jacobin
2651:17 June
2611:17 June
2585:17 June
2308:(PAIGH)
2266:GuaranĂ
2258:Quechua
2235:English
2223:Spanish
1952:Uruguay
1777:Bahamas
1741:Grenada
1735:Jamaica
1698:Uruguay
1643:Ecuador
1608:Bolivia
1531:Funding
1526:(CITEL)
1390:Ecuador
1135:in the
1057:English
946:in 1943
901:Bolivia
881:Ecuador
789:scholar
721:History
715:Uruguay
662:Spanish
549:oas.org
544:Website
475:Charter
473:âą
433:âą
423:Leaders
408:Uruguay
353:Jamaica
328:Grenada
318:Ecuador
278:Bolivia
263:Bahamas
231:Spanish
219:English
37:Spanish
7989:UNOMIG
7964:UNITAR
7954:UNESCO
7949:UNCTAD
7556:UNMISS
7551:UNITAR
7536:UNESCO
7468:UNCTAD
7038:UNESCO
6980:UNOMIG
6955:UNCTAD
6566:Global
6309:Europe
6155:Africa
6024:Theory
5972:Indian
5904:Middle
5892:Status
5836:Energy
5747:Topics
5386:Bodies
5325:Events
4766:Panama
4761:Mexico
4741:Guyana
4691:Canada
4686:Brazil
4676:Belize
4565:
4557:
4485:Quebec
4124:5 July
4086:5 July
4058:5 July
4032:5 July
3992:Granma
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