4272:
192:
27:
276:
377:
38:
2730:
2408:
645:(HDI) of 0.946, the tenth-highest in the world as of the 2024 report. New Zealand is also well developed, with a nominal GDP per capita of US$ 48,072 and an HDI of 0.939, putting it at number 16 in the world in 2024. The least developed nations in the Southern Hemisphere cluster in Africa and Oceania, with
218:
can be directly overhead or due south at midday. The Sun follows a right-to-left trajectory through the northern sky unlike the left-to-right motion of the Sun when seen from the
Northern Hemisphere as it passes through the southern sky. Sun-cast shadows turn anticlockwise throughout the day and
657:
The
Southern Hemisphere has long been secondary in the global distribution of demographic, economic and political power, as it has less land than the Northern Hemisphere. In recent times, however, countries such as Australia have made greater efforts to economically engage with those from their
2400:
653:
at the lowest ends of the HDI, at 0.461 (number 183 in the world) and 0.420 (number 187 in the world), respectively. The nominal GDPs per capita of these two countries do not go above US$ 650, a tiny fraction of the incomes enjoyed by
Australians and New Zealanders.
188:. This is because the Southern Hemisphere has significantly more ocean and much less land; water heats up and cools down more slowly than land. The differences are also attributed to oceanic heat transfer and differing extents of greenhouse trapping.
2499:
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More than 850 million people live in the
Southern Hemisphere, representing around 10–12% of the total global human population. Of those 850 million people, more than 203 million live in
2172:
2521:
2441:
1951:
2282:
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from the northern coast of Peru. These civilizations built cities, pyramids, and plazas in the coastal river valleys of northern Peru with some ruins dating back to
231:
viewed from a point to the south of the Tropic of
Capricorn, the Moon moves from left to right on the disc of the Sun (see, for example, photos with timings of the
2378:
2466:
364:, which straddles the equator. However, most of Isabela and the rest of the archipelago is located in the Southern Hemisphere, and it is deemed by the
2219:
272:. This, combined with clearer skies, makes for excellent viewing of the night sky from the Southern Hemisphere with brighter and more numerous stars.
2243:
782:, is considered to be the most remote place on Earth to have been permanently inhabited by humans before the Age of Discovery. It was settled by a
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2247:
2615:
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1446:
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is the most spoken language in the
Southern Hemisphere, with over 230 million speakers in six countries – mostly in Brazil, but also in
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4222:
1405:
365:
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3915:
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Among the most developed nations in the
Southern Hemisphere is Australia, with a nominal GDP per capita of US$ 63,487 and a
4019:
3983:
3922:
2734:
406:, with 275 million people (roughly 30 million of whom live north of the Equator on the northern portions of the islands of
122:
2130:
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Forests in the
Southern Hemisphere have special features which set them apart from those in the Northern Hemisphere. Both
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19:
This article is about the southern half of planet Earth. For use of the term describing astronomical observations, see
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2012:
1990:
1968:
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2194:
1505:
1228:
929:
530:
1760:
4309:
4242:
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2081:
741:
41:
The
Southern Hemisphere is highlighted in yellow. The hemispheres appear to be unequal in this image because
20:
1901:
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443:
353:
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754:: Μενουθιάς) as a trading port on the east African coast, which is probably the small Tanzanian island of
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2541:
1499:
546:
261:
2345:
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2086:
790:. Areas of the Southern Hemisphere that had no contact with humans before the Age of Discovery include
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482:
210:
In the
Southern Hemisphere, the Sun passes from east to west through the north, although north of the
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3905:
3876:
3861:
3602:
3527:
2604:
2546:
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The entire continent and most of its associated islands are within the Southern Hemisphere. From the
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on which Zanzibar is located. The oldest monumental civilizations in the Southern Hemisphere are the
486:
1701:
807:
3562:
3479:
3062:
2775:
2551:
1707:
763:
759:
635:
534:
398:, the largest country by land area in the Southern Hemisphere, while more than 150 million live in
203:
2740:
1060:, and other associated low-lying islands above sea level, is within the Southern Hemisphere. From
4209:
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3807:
3484:
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3189:
2033:
2007:
1985:
1963:
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1336:
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917:
642:
402:, the most populous island in the world. The most populous country in the Southern Hemisphere is
348:
One of the most notable animals to be found almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere is the
1795:
521:(5 million each). Important financial and commercial centres in the Southern Hemisphere include
246:
causes cyclones and tropical storms to spin clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere, as opposed to
4186:
3993:
3587:
3390:
2028:
1712:
1025:
933:
4279:
4143:
4063:
3706:
3607:
3216:
2071:
1651:
1588:
1347:
1177:
963:
239:(i.e., in the Northern Hemisphere), the Moon moves from right to left during solar eclipses.
78:
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4153:
3129:
2847:
2319:
2002:
1775:
1566:
462:
54:
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803:
597:
357:
8:
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3404:
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3072:
3018:
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937:
913:
884:
The entire continent and its associated islands are within the Southern Hemisphere. From
526:
423:
211:
177:
137:
130:
2323:
1730:
4090:
3711:
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3552:
2998:
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1915:
1800:
1717:
619:
215:
195:
2209:"Croll Revisited: Why is the Northern Hemisphere Warmer than the Southern Hemisphere?"
1740:
1480:
670:. Some view both the West and the East as being Northern Hemisphere-centric concepts.
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2815:
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1890:
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1189:
1069:
889:
439:
269:
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1862:
1840:
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1528:
1432:
1422:
1393:
819:
815:
811:
791:
779:
659:
236:
1780:
1765:
720:. Ancient texts from the Hindu kingdoms prevalent in the area definitively record
662:, the Southern Hemisphere was largely cut off from the cultural constructs of the
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3517:
3457:
3399:
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3348:
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1958:
1851:
1790:
1770:
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787:
767:
585:
386:
334:
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1017:
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3998:
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1980:
1940:
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1371:
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as being wholly within the South Pacific Ocean, rather than the North Pacific.
280:
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228:
114:
82:
2577:"A door to the ice?: the significance of the Antarctic Gateway Cities today"
2540:
Salazar, Juan Francisco; James, Paul; Leane, Elizabeth; Magee, Liam (2021).
191:
26:
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4100:
4080:
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3507:
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3179:
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2492:"Southern Hemisphere round the world holiday with Easter Island and Tahiti"
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3572:
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3112:
3030:
3008:
2984:
2830:
2820:
2275:"World Penguin Day: 6 places you'd never have thought you could see them"
1972:
1818:
1053:
783:
593:
542:
310:
284:
275:
118:
376:
3747:
3716:
3542:
3537:
3201:
3162:
3124:
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2800:
2795:
2467:"10 Best Southern Hemisphere Destinations Where It Will Soon Be Summer"
2302:
2096:
2066:
1926:
1600:
1572:
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1331:
1321:
1125:
921:
897:
885:
879:
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that serve as primary entry points for travel to the Antarctic region.
589:
435:
431:
326:
321:
315:
305:
161:
74:
42:
31:
1594:
1381:
724:
as the year when Bogor was founded. However, some evidence shows that
422:, while the rest of the population lives in the Southern Hemisphere).
4194:
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3827:
3757:
3735:
3728:
3512:
3289:
3223:
3119:
2942:
2925:
2810:
2805:
2779:
2332:
2101:
2050:
2042:
2020:
2016:
1577:
1515:
1509:
1456:
1450:
1409:
1400:
1356:
1257:
1039:
925:
845:
795:
708:
The oldest continuously inhabited city in the Southern Hemisphere is
698:
686:
561:
518:
514:
403:
381:
330:
296:
265:
224:
181:
156:
is from June to August (inclusive). September 22 or 23 is the vernal
70:
37:
673:
The most widespread religions in the modern Southern Hemisphere are
584:. According to a 2017 report, the most popular Southern Hemisphere "
453:
Among the largest metropolitan areas in the Southern Hemisphere are
3721:
3326:
3262:
3233:
3143:
3102:
2910:
2890:
2770:
2708:
Aerial Surveys of Isle De Pasqua: Easter Island and the New Birdmen
2642:"Southern culture and the North/South divide: More than a metaphor"
2158:
1911:
1906:
1856:
1610:
1311:
1272:
1248:
1236:
1155:
1145:
1110:
1100:
1073:
1065:
1033:
1021:
1013:
981:
973:
957:
949:
901:
893:
873:
865:
729:
728:, an ancient port with around 200,000 inhabitants off the coast of
690:
498:
415:
145:
90:
2371:"90% Of People Live In The Northern Hemisphere - Business Insider"
634:
and Ushuaia are officially acknowledged as the five international
257:, a subsection of the Southern Hemisphere, is nearly all oceanic.
176:
tend to be slightly milder than those at similar latitudes in the
3693:
3431:
3321:
3279:
3167:
2979:
2974:
2903:
1885:
1869:
1615:
1582:
1540:
1299:
1282:
1262:
1199:
1130:
1115:
1105:
1009:
1005:
969:
945:
861:
849:
650:
615:
454:
447:
407:
349:
342:
220:
173:
157:
126:
66:
4199:
3303:
3257:
2964:
2951:
2729:
1994:
1880:
1688:
1675:
1294:
1204:
1150:
1135:
1120:
1095:
1086:
997:
839:
755:
737:
627:
581:
577:
552:
Common tourist destinations in the Southern Hemisphere include
510:
490:
427:
411:
395:
185:
153:
149:
129:. Its surface is 80.9% water, compared with 60.7% water in the
86:
732:, may be older than Bogor. A Greco-Roman text written between
4050:
3945:
3489:
2787:
2771:
2046:
1875:
1846:
1807:
1267:
1232:
1194:
1172:
1061:
1001:
857:
775:
709:
682:
300:
292:
98:
62:
58:
390:) with the south pole at the top and the continent of Africa
3084:
1823:
1670:
1562:
1277:
1214:
907:
733:
713:
702:
694:
605:
569:
553:
478:
399:
94:
622:
claims the title of world's southernmost city. Cape Town,
1030:
Cook Island, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
721:
717:
141:
2193:
Granite specific heat = 0.79 and water = 4.18 J/g⋅K see
693:, which is mostly concentrated on/around the islands of
164:
is in the centre of the southern hemispherical region.
2539:
549:, the oldest stock market in the Southern Hemisphere.
2542:"Antarctic Cities: From Gateways to Custodial Cities"
1219:
The entire continental mainland is wholly within the
833:
1080:
677:, prevalent in South America, Africa, Oceania, and
371:
2520:
1365:
2640:Paton, Michelle; Chengmin, Zhang (January 2014).
529:is headquartered, along with Sydney, home to the
235:), while viewed from a point to the north of the
4296:
2646:The Journal of the Oriental Society of Australia
2303:International Hydrographic Organization (1953).
844:About one-third of the continent, from south of
160:and March 20 or 21 is the autumnal equinox. The
2602:
2248:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2195:Heat capacity#Table of specific heat capacities
912:The entire continental mainland is within the
2756:
2639:
152:is from December to February (inclusive) and
2706:Hemm, Robert & Mendez, Marcelo. (2003).
2272:
1447:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
1417:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
268:is a southern constellation as well as both
2598:
2596:
2594:
1841:Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands
2763:
2749:
2605:"Australia as a Southern Hemisphere power"
2464:
2431:"Potencial Económico da Língua Portuguesa"
2250:'s Ocean Service Education. Archived from
313:has members of the closely related genera
16:Half of Earth that is south of the Equator
2663:– via search.informit.org (Atypon).
2614:. Australian Strategic Policy Institute.
2331:
992:Most of the continent, from south of the
133:, and it contains 32.7% of Earth's land.
2673:
2591:
545:, and Buenos Aires, headquarters of the
375:
274:
190:
36:
25:
1028:are included as part of South America,
366:International Hydrographic Organization
341:for pulp production, and increasingly,
89:, and some islands off the continental
30:The Southern Hemisphere from above the
4297:
2574:
2296:
2206:
774:, located about 3,500 kilometres from
588:" destinations among Australians were
2744:
2544:. Institute for Culture and Society.
2381:from the original on 19 January 2018
2175:from the original on 22 January 2023
202:, 100 km (62 mi) north of
1523:Australian Indian Ocean Territories
69:. It contains all or parts of five
13:
2724:Southern Hemisphere Countries 2021
2621:from the original on 28 March 2022
2411:from the original on 18 April 2016
2133:from the original on 22 April 2021
834:Continents or submerged continents
233:solar eclipse of November 13, 2012
167:
14:
4321:
2717:
2465:Bahamondes, Bianca (2016-11-17).
2273:Rix-Standing, Luke (2021-04-25).
2207:Kang, Sarah M.; Seager, Richard.
1939:
1902:Isabela Island, Galápagos Islands
1557:Heard Island and McDonald Islands
1370:
1081:Mainland countries or territories
614:is the closest major city to the
223:have the hours increasing in the
4271:
4270:
3603:West South Central United States
2728:
1622:
1168:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1020:, Diego Ramírez Islands, Chile (
372:Demographics and human geography
279:Aurora australis appearing from
264:constellation that includes the
3818:Latin America and the Caribbean
3684:Latin America and the Caribbean
2700:
2688:from the original on 2018-03-23
2667:
2656:from the original on 2023-01-22
2633:
2568:
2533:
2522:"Aussies set for summer exodus"
2513:
2502:from the original on 2022-03-05
2484:
2473:from the original on 2022-03-05
2458:
2447:from the original on 2021-10-24
2423:
2285:from the original on 2022-03-05
2225:from the original on 2021-09-07
1488:
1366:Island countries or territories
1243:are in the Southern Hemisphere.
1223:. Only the southern portion of
916:, only the southern portion of
2710:. 10.1007/978-1-4615-0183-1_12
2393:
2363:
2266:
2236:
2200:
2187:
2145:
2119:
1506:British Indian Ocean Territory
1229:British Indian Ocean Territory
930:British Indian Ocean Territory
743:Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
531:Australian Securities Exchange
198:appearing in the night sky of
1:
2674:Analysis (19 December 2011).
2603:Benjamin Reilly (July 2013).
2112:
2082:Global North and Global South
888:, at the northern tip of the
21:Southern celestial hemisphere
3285:Middle East and North Africa
2990:Middle East and North Africa
2676:"Global religious landscape"
2581:Journal of Antarctic Affairs
2318:(4376) (3rd ed.): 484.
814:(in the South Pacific), the
352:. A species is found around
250:in the Northern Hemisphere.
7:
2305:"Limits of Oceans and Seas"
2060:
1551:French Southern Territories
1500:Ashmore and Cartier Islands
547:Buenos Aires Stock Exchange
543:Johannesburg Stock Exchange
533:, Jakarta, the seat of the
333:but is now also planted in
299:share, for example, unique
10:
4326:
3578:Northeastern United States
2087:Land and water hemispheres
1024:: 56°32′16″S), or, if the
746:, mentioned the island of
18:
4266:
4208:
4185:
4152:
4116:
4049:
3943:
3851:
3842:
3771:
3692:
3498:
3302:
3083:
3041:
2950:
2941:
2889:
2846:
2786:
2575:Roldan, Gabriela (2015).
2547:Western Sydney University
1064:, New Caledonia, France (
184:which is colder than the
4059:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
3063:Transantarctic Mountains
2552:Penrith, New South Wales
2244:"Surface Ocean Currents"
2154:Life on Earth: A - G.. 1
2107:
1708:Alejandro Selkirk Island
1000:in the east to north of
852:in the east to south of
760:Norte Chico civilization
636:Antarctic gateway cities
535:Indonesia Stock Exchange
204:Lakes Entrance, Victoria
3808:Caribbean South America
1534:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1225:Maritime Southeast Asia
980:, Tasmania, Australia (
978:Bishop and Clerk Islets
918:Maritime Southeast Asia
826:) and the continent of
716:, which was founded in
658:hemisphere. Before the
643:Human Development Index
3588:Southern United States
3391:Scandinavian Peninsula
2029:South Shetland Islands
1713:Robinson Crusoe Island
1702:Juan Fernández Islands
1664:Salas and Gómez Island
1026:South Sandwich Islands
1008:in the west. From the
860:in the west. From the
808:Juan Fernández Islands
446:that lie south of the
391:
380:A photo of Earth from
288:
281:Stewart Island/Rakiura
207:
105:, the majority of the
46:
34:
4064:Antarctic Convergence
3608:Western United States
2438:University of Coimbra
2161:. 2002. p. 528.
2072:Australia (continent)
1652:Desventuradas Islands
1589:Prince Edward Islands
1508:(Administered by the
1475:São Tomé and Príncipe
1449:(Administered by the
1399:(Administered by the
1178:Republic of the Congo
936:of Maldives, part of
896:: 63°12′48″S) to the
457:(34 million people),
444:São Tomé and Príncipe
438:, and small parts of
418:, as well as most of
379:
278:
194:
136:Owing to the tilt of
85:, about one-third of
40:
29:
4310:Hemispheres of Earth
3130:Greater Central Asia
2737:at Wikimedia Commons
2003:South Orkney Islands
1796:San Cristóbal Island
1776:North Seymour Island
1567:Lesser Sunda Islands
934:two out of 26 atolls
764:Casma–Sechin culture
463:Kinshasa-Brazzaville
172:Southern Hemisphere
111:South Atlantic Ocean
4305:Southern Hemisphere
4276:Continents of Earth
3803:Brazilian Highlands
3212:Indian subcontinent
3073:Antarctic Peninsula
2871:Southern Hemisphere
2866:Northern Hemisphere
2735:Southern Hemisphere
2324:1953Natur.172R.484.
2216:Columbia University
2092:Northern Hemisphere
1394:Falkland Islands /
1384:(Equatorial Guinea)
1221:Northern Hemisphere
1046:submerged continent
938:Indian subcontinent
914:Northern Hemisphere
786:group known as the
685:in East Africa and
618:on the planet, and
527:B3 (stock exchange)
481:(11 million each),
360:archipelago in the
212:Tropic of Capricorn
178:Northern Hemisphere
131:Northern Hemisphere
115:South Pacific Ocean
51:Southern Hemisphere
4091:Great Barrier Reef
3712:Mainland Australia
3420:Apennine Peninsula
2881:Western Hemisphere
2856:Eastern Hemisphere
2469:. The Daily Meal.
1916:Western New Guinea
1801:South Plaza Island
1718:Santa Clara Island
1231:and two out of 26
1068:: 19°45′00″S) to
620:Ushuaia, Argentina
509:(6 million each),
501:(7 million each),
392:
289:
227:direction. During
208:
47:
35:
4292:
4291:
4172:Mediterranean Rim
4045:
4044:
3984:Mediterranean Sea
3838:
3837:
3791:Amazon Rainforest
3618:Canadian Prairies
3583:Pacific Northwest
3444:Iberian Peninsula
3229:Arabian Peninsula
3056:Antarctic Plateau
2816:Three/Four Worlds
2733:Media related to
2612:www.files.ethz.ch
2351:on 8 October 2011
2077:Geographical zone
1952:Antarctic islands
1891:Wallis and Futuna
1786:Santa Cruz Island
1756:Guy Fawkes Island
1746:Fernandina Island
1726:Galápagos Islands
1646:Coral Sea Islands
1419:(United Kingdom)
1190:Equatorial Guinea
1070:Jacquemart Island
890:Trinity Peninsula
804:Galápagos Islands
598:Galápagos Islands
440:Equatorial Guinea
270:Magellanic Clouds
4317:
4274:
4273:
4253:Global Southwest
4248:Global Southeast
4238:Global Northwest
4233:Global Northeast
4223:Global Heartland
4167:Indian Ocean Rim
3849:
3848:
3741:Island Melanesia
3432:Balkan Peninsula
3207:Himalayan states
3154:Russian Far East
2948:
2947:
2876:Water Hemisphere
2765:
2758:
2751:
2742:
2741:
2732:
2711:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2687:
2681:. Pewforum.org.
2680:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2620:
2609:
2600:
2589:
2588:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2524:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2478:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2446:
2435:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2375:Business Insider
2367:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2350:
2344:. Archived from
2335:
2333:10.1038/172484b0
2309:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2224:
2213:
2204:
2198:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2127:"Hemisphere Map"
2123:
2034:Antarctic Treaty
2008:Antarctic Treaty
1986:Antarctic Treaty
1964:Antarctic Treaty
1863:Macquarie Island
1843:(United Kingdom)
1836:Papua New Guinea
1731:Bartolomé Island
1704:(Insular Chile)
1683:French Polynesia
1660:(Insular Chile)
1529:Christmas Island
1433:Tristan da Cunha
1423:Ascension Island
1337:Antarctic Treaty
820:Tristan da Cunha
816:Falkland Islands
812:Lord Howe Island
792:Christmas Island
780:French Polynesia
660:Age of Discovery
283:in the south of
237:Tropic of Cancer
196:Aurora australis
180:, except in the
140:relative to the
138:Earth's rotation
121:and most of the
4325:
4324:
4320:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4315:
4314:
4295:
4294:
4293:
4288:
4262:
4204:
4181:
4148:
4112:
4041:
4030:South China Sea
3939:
3882:Central America
3834:
3767:
3688:
3640:Northern Mexico
3628:Northern Canada
3613:Atlantic Canada
3568:Mountain states
3494:
3349:European Russia
3342:Southern Russia
3298:
3251:Iranian Plateau
3079:
3068:West Antarctica
3051:East Antarctica
3037:
2937:
2885:
2861:Land Hemisphere
2842:
2782:
2769:
2720:
2715:
2714:
2705:
2701:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2678:
2672:
2668:
2659:
2657:
2638:
2634:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2607:
2601:
2592:
2573:
2569:
2562:
2538:
2534:
2519:
2518:
2514:
2505:
2503:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2476:
2474:
2463:
2459:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2433:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2414:
2412:
2401:"GIC - Article"
2399:
2398:
2394:
2384:
2382:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2307:
2301:
2297:
2288:
2286:
2279:The Independent
2271:
2267:
2257:
2255:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2211:
2205:
2201:
2192:
2188:
2178:
2176:
2169:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2136:
2134:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2063:
1959:Balleny Islands
1944:
1852:Solomon Islands
1791:Santa Fe Island
1771:Nameless Island
1751:Floreana Island
1741:Española Island
1698:(United States)
1654:(Insular Chile)
1636:(United States)
1627:
1493:
1375:
1368:
1361:
1342:
1316:
1304:
1287:
1209:
1182:
1160:
1083:
836:
616:equatorial line
374:
335:Southern Africa
266:galactic centre
244:Coriolis effect
170:
168:Characteristics
123:Pacific Islands
81:, about 90% of
77:, the whole of
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4323:
4313:
4312:
4307:
4290:
4289:
4287:
4286:
4284:Physical Earth
4267:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4214:
4212:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4202:
4197:
4191:
4189:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4158:
4156:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4135:
4134:
4123:
4121:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4105:
4104:
4103:
4098:
4096:Mariana Trench
4093:
4083:
4078:
4076:Atlantic Ocean
4073:
4068:
4067:
4066:
4055:
4053:
4047:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4039:
4037:Southern Ocean
4034:
4033:
4032:
4027:
4025:East China Sea
4017:
4016:
4015:
4005:
4004:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3959:Atlantic Ocean
3956:
3950:
3948:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3937:
3936:
3935:
3930:
3920:
3919:
3918:
3913:
3903:
3898:
3893:
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3891:
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3885:
3884:
3879:
3864:
3858:
3856:
3846:
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3836:
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3833:
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3831:
3830:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3794:
3793:
3788:
3777:
3775:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3765:
3763:Remote Oceania
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3744:
3743:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3726:
3725:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3698:
3696:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3686:
3681:
3680:
3679:
3678:
3677:
3672:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3633:Western Canada
3630:
3625:
3623:Eastern Canada
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3504:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3471:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3412:
3407:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3337:South Caucasus
3334:
3332:North Caucasus
3324:
3314:
3308:
3306:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3265:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3243:
3242:
3241:
3239:South Caucasus
3231:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3192:
3182:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3170:
3160:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3141:
3140:
3139:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3110:
3108:Aralkum Desert
3105:
3095:
3089:
3087:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3075:
3065:
3060:
3059:
3058:
3047:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3006:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2962:
2956:
2954:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2899:Africa-Eurasia
2895:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2792:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2768:
2767:
2760:
2753:
2745:
2739:
2738:
2726:
2719:
2718:External links
2716:
2713:
2712:
2699:
2666:
2632:
2590:
2567:
2560:
2532:
2527:The Australian
2512:
2483:
2457:
2422:
2392:
2377:. 4 May 2012.
2362:
2295:
2265:
2254:on 6 July 2017
2235:
2199:
2186:
2167:
2144:
2129:. WorldAtlas.
2117:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2055:
2051:United Kingdom
2036:signatories /
2025:
2021:United Kingdom
2010:signatories /
1999:
1988:signatories /
1981:Peter I Island
1977:
1966:signatories /
1943:
1941:Southern Ocean
1938:
1937:
1936:
1933:Maluku Islands
1930:
1920:
1919:
1909:
1904:
1895:
1894:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1838:
1833:
1830:Norfolk Island
1827:
1821:
1816:
1810:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1655:
1649:
1643:
1637:
1634:American Samoa
1626:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1613:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1592:
1591:(South Africa)
1586:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1520:
1510:United Kingdom
1503:
1492:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1468:
1467:
1461:
1451:United Kingdom
1444:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1430:
1425:
1414:
1401:United Kingdom
1396:Islas Malvinas
1391:
1385:
1374:
1372:Atlantic Ocean
1369:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1340:
1327:
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1302:
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1202:
1197:
1192:
1186:
1183:
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1180:
1175:
1170:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1092:
1089:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1058:Norfolk Island
1042:
1037:
1036:: 59°29′20″S).
990:
985:
966:
961:
910:
905:
882:
877:
842:
835:
832:
824:South Atlantic
681:, followed by
668:Eastern worlds
612:Quito, Ecuador
574:Rio de Janeiro
541:, home to the
503:Belo Horizonte
485:(10 million),
473:(12 million),
471:Rio de Janeiro
469:(16 million),
465:(19 million),
461:(22 million),
373:
370:
354:Isabela Island
255:temperate zone
229:solar eclipses
169:
166:
146:ecliptic plane
117:), as well as
103:Southern Ocean
73:(the whole of
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4322:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4285:
4281:
4277:
4269:
4268:
4265:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4213:
4211:
4207:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4188:
4184:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4155:
4151:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4120:
4115:
4109:
4106:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4086:Pacific Ocean
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4048:
4038:
4035:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4020:Pacific Ocean
4018:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4006:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3974:Caribbean Sea
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3942:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3921:
3917:
3916:by population
3914:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3890:
3889:South America
3887:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3873:
3872:North America
3870:
3869:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3823:Southern Cone
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3798:Andean States
3796:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3773:South America
3770:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3737:
3734:
3730:
3727:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3685:
3682:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3667:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3500:North America
3497:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3463:Low Countries
3461:
3459:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3451:
3445:
3442:
3441:
3440:
3439:South-western
3437:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3428:
3427:South-eastern
3425:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3415:South-central
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3405:Mediterranean
3403:
3402:
3401:
3398:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3371:British Isles
3369:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3362:
3359:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3273:
3269:
3268:Levantine Sea
3266:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3244:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3164:
3161:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3145:
3142:
3138:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
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2960:Mediterranean
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2018:
2014:
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1825:
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1813:New Caledonia
1811:
1809:
1806:
1802:
1799:
1797:
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1787:
1784:
1782:
1781:Pinzón Island
1779:
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1774:
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1769:
1767:
1766:Jervis Island
1764:
1762:
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1736:Daphne Island
1734:
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1694:
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1658:Easter Island
1656:
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1642:(New Zealand)
1641:
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1624:Pacific Ocean
1617:
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1388:Bouvet Island
1386:
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1050:New Caledonia
1047:
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1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
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1007:
1003:
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995:
991:
989:
988:South America
986:
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979:
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962:
959:
956:, Indonesia (
955:
954:Pamana Island
951:
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821:
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797:
793:
789:
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777:
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772:Easter Island
769:
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761:
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752:Ancient Greek
749:
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739:
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731:
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723:
719:
715:
712:, in western
711:
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566:Easter Island
563:
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536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
495:Dar es Salaam
493:(8 million),
492:
489:(9 million),
488:
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476:
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468:
464:
460:
456:
451:
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429:
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397:
389:
388:
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378:
369:
367:
363:
362:Pacific Ocean
359:
355:
351:
346:
344:
340:
339:Latin America
336:
332:
329:is native to
328:
324:
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318:
317:
312:
308:
307:
302:
298:
294:
286:
282:
277:
273:
271:
267:
263:
258:
256:
253:The southern
251:
249:
248:anticlockwise
245:
240:
238:
234:
230:
226:
225:anticlockwise
222:
217:
213:
205:
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197:
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165:
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104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
83:South America
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
53:is the half (
52:
45:is not shown.
44:
39:
33:
28:
22:
4282: /
4280:List of seas
4278: /
4243:Global South
4228:Global North
4162:Atlantic Rim
4101:Ring of Fire
4081:Indian Ocean
4071:Arctic Ocean
4013:Persian Gulf
4008:Indian Ocean
3989:Adriatic Sea
3954:Arctic Ocean
3786:Amazon Basin
3781:Amazon Plain
3753:Near Oceania
3558:Mid-Atlantic
3508:Aridoamerica
3468:Northwestern
3381:Northwestern
3354:Southeastern
3246:Greater Iran
3185:Southeastern
3180:Pacific Asia
3149:Pacific Asia
3137:Northeastern
3093:Asia–Pacific
2870:
2836:Fourth World
2826:Second World
2707:
2702:
2690:. Retrieved
2669:
2658:. Retrieved
2649:
2645:
2635:
2623:. Retrieved
2611:
2584:
2580:
2570:
2545:
2535:
2526:
2515:
2504:. Retrieved
2495:
2486:
2475:. Retrieved
2460:
2449:. Retrieved
2437:
2425:
2413:. Retrieved
2404:
2395:
2383:. Retrieved
2374:
2365:
2353:. Retrieved
2346:the original
2315:
2311:
2298:
2287:. Retrieved
2278:
2268:
2256:. Retrieved
2252:the original
2238:
2227:. Retrieved
2215:
2202:
2189:
2177:. Retrieved
2153:
2147:
2135:. Retrieved
2121:
2037:
2027:
2011:
2001:
1989:
1979:
1967:
1957:
1950:
1945:
1921:
1896:
1859:, Australia
1761:James Island
1724:Most of the
1640:Cook Islands
1628:
1605:
1525:(Australia)
1513:
1494:
1490:Indian Ocean
1481:Rolas Island
1478:
1469:
1464:Snake Island
1454:
1438:Gough Island
1428:Saint Helena
1404:
1395:
1376:
1339:signatories)
1330:
1241:Indian Ocean
1227:, plus the
1141:South Africa
1048:, including
1018:Águila Islet
994:Amazon River
984:: 55°03′ S).
942:Indian Ocean
924:and most of
920:, including
870:Cape Agulhas
800:Indian Ocean
747:
742:
707:
675:Christianity
672:
656:
640:
632:Punta Arenas
624:Christchurch
610:
602:South Africa
558:Buenos Aires
551:
539:Johannesburg
525:, where the
475:Johannesburg
467:Buenos Aires
452:
420:North Maluku
393:
385:
347:
320:
314:
304:
290:
259:
252:
241:
209:
206:, Australia.
200:Swifts Creek
171:
135:
107:Indian Ocean
50:
48:
4258:Global West
4218:Global East
4177:Pacific Rim
4119:waterbodies
4108:World Ocean
3933:New Zealand
3813:The Guianas
3702:Australasia
3645:West Indies
3573:New England
3553:Great Lakes
3523:Mesoamerica
3410:Middle East
3386:Scandinavia
3275:Middle East
3113:Caspian Sea
3019:Great Lakes
2999:Sub-Saharan
2985:Middle East
2848:Hemispheres
2831:Third World
2821:First World
2774:'s primary
2355:28 December
2179:8 September
1973:New Zealand
1946:Entirely —
1935:, Indonesia
1929:, Indonesia
1918:(Indonesia)
1832:(Australia)
1819:New Zealand
1648:(Australia)
1629:Entirely —
1618:, Indonesia
1569:, Indonesia
1559:(Australia)
1514:Claimed by
1502:(Australia)
1495:Entirely —
1455:Claimed by
1377:Entirely —
1352:Entirely —
1326:Entirely —
1253:Entirely —
1091:Entirely —
1076:: 52°37′S).
1054:New Zealand
1044:The entire
960:: 11°00'S).
944:. From the
928:, plus the
876:: 34°50′S).
594:New Zealand
586:bucket list
387:Blue Marble
311:New Zealand
303:species or
285:New Zealand
262:Sagittarius
119:New Zealand
101:(the whole
97:) and four
4299:Categories
3999:Ionian Sea
3994:Aegean Sea
3964:Baltic Sea
3896:Antarctica
3748:Micronesia
3717:New Guinea
3675:Portuguese
3598:West Coast
3548:East Coast
3543:Bible Belt
3538:Appalachia
3217:Subregions
3125:Inner Asia
3043:Antarctica
2943:Continents
2916:Antarctica
2891:Landmasses
2801:Down Under
2796:Arab World
2780:subregions
2660:2022-02-25
2506:2022-03-05
2477:2022-03-05
2451:2017-05-15
2289:2022-03-05
2229:2018-05-02
2113:References
2097:South Pole
2067:Antarctica
2049:, and the
1927:Kalimantan
1922:Partly —
1897:Mostly —
1606:Partly —
1601:Seychelles
1573:Madagascar
1546:East Timor
1470:Partly —
1332:Antarctica
1322:Antarctica
1126:Mozambique
922:East Timor
898:South Pole
886:Prime Head
880:Antarctica
854:Libreville
828:Antarctica
784:Polynesian
679:East Timor
647:Mozambique
590:Antarctica
436:East Timor
432:Mozambique
424:Portuguese
327:eucalyptus
322:Fuscospora
316:Lophozonia
306:Nothofagus
162:South Pole
113:, and the
75:Antarctica
71:continents
55:hemisphere
43:Antarctica
32:South Pole
4195:Antarctic
3979:Irish Sea
3969:Black Sea
3928:Australia
3877:Caribbean
3854:continent
3828:Patagonia
3758:Polynesia
3736:Melanesia
3729:Zealandia
3707:Australia
3593:Southwest
3513:Caribbean
3290:Near East
2931:submerged
2926:Zealandia
2921:Australia
2811:Old World
2806:New World
2692:17 August
2652:: 26–40.
2415:3 January
2385:3 January
2102:Zealandia
2043:Argentina
2017:Argentina
1685:(France)
1578:Mauritius
1516:Mauritius
1457:Argentina
1410:Argentina
1357:Australia
1348:Australia
1307:Partly —
1290:Mostly —
1258:Argentina
1185:Partly —
1163:Mostly —
1040:Zealandia
1016:: 0°) to
996:mouth in
976:: 0°) to
964:Australia
952:: 0°) to
940:, in the
926:Indonesia
904:: 90° S).
868:: 0°) to
846:Mogadishu
796:Mauritius
748:Menuthias
699:Mauritius
687:Indonesia
562:Cape Town
523:São Paulo
519:Cape Town
515:Melbourne
459:São Paulo
404:Indonesia
382:Apollo 17
358:Galápagos
331:Australia
297:Australia
182:Antarctic
79:Australia
3722:Tasmania
3670:Hispanic
3533:Northern
3480:Germanic
3458:Atlantic
3400:Southern
3361:Northern
3327:Caucasus
3263:Dead Sea
3234:Caucasus
3202:Southern
3195:Maritime
3190:Mainland
3163:Northern
3144:Far East
3103:Aral Sea
3026:Southern
2970:Northern
2683:Archived
2654:Archived
2625:17 March
2616:Archived
2587:: 58–70.
2500:Archived
2471:Archived
2442:Archived
2409:Archived
2379:Archived
2342:36029611
2283:Archived
2220:Archived
2173:Archived
2159:ABC-CLIO
2131:Archived
2061:See also
2019:and the
1912:Sulawesi
1907:Kiribati
1893:(France)
1857:Tasmania
1815:(France)
1611:Maldives
1597:(France)
1585:(France)
1553:(France)
1479:most of
1466:, Brazil
1390:(Norway)
1312:Colombia
1273:Paraguay
1249:Americas
1237:Maldives
1156:Zimbabwe
1146:Tanzania
1111:Eswatini
1101:Botswana
1074:Latitude
1066:Latitude
1034:Latitude
1022:Latitude
1014:Latitude
982:Latitude
974:Latitude
958:Latitude
950:Latitude
902:Latitude
894:Latitude
874:Latitude
866:Latitude
822:(in the
798:(in the
788:Rapa Nui
768:3600 BCE
730:Tanzania
726:Zanzibar
691:Hinduism
507:Semarang
499:Santiago
483:Surabaya
416:Sulawesi
221:sundials
216:mean Sun
174:climates
144:and the
91:mainland
61:that is
3923:Oceania
3911:by area
3867:America
3844:Islands
3694:Oceania
3563:Midwest
3518:Central
3485:Romance
3453:Western
3322:Balkans
3317:Eastern
3312:Central
3280:Mashriq
3224:Western
3168:Siberia
3120:Eastern
3098:Central
3031:Western
3004:Central
2980:Mashriq
2975:Maghreb
2965:Saharan
2911:America
2904:Eurasia
2776:regions
2554:: 193.
2320:Bibcode
2258:13 June
2137:13 June
2039:Claimed
2013:Claimed
1991:Claimed
1969:Claimed
1886:Vanuatu
1870:Tokelau
1616:Sumatra
1595:Réunion
1583:Mayotte
1541:Comoros
1406:Claimed
1382:Annobón
1300:Ecuador
1283:Uruguay
1263:Bolivia
1239:in the
1200:Somalia
1131:Namibia
1116:Lesotho
1106:Burundi
1010:Equator
1006:Ecuador
970:Equator
946:Equator
862:Equator
850:Somalia
802:), the
664:Western
651:Burundi
487:Bandung
455:Jakarta
448:Equator
408:Sumatra
356:on the
350:penguin
343:biofuel
158:equinox
127:Oceania
67:Equator
65:of the
4210:Global
4200:Arctic
4139:Rivers
4117:Other
4051:Oceans
3906:Europe
3862:Africa
3655:French
3528:Middle
3490:Slavic
3475:Celtic
3376:Nordic
3366:Baltic
3304:Europe
3258:Levant
2952:Africa
2788:Worlds
2558:
2340:
2312:Nature
2165:
1995:Norway
1881:Tuvalu
1689:Tahiti
1676:Rotuma
1295:Brazil
1233:atolls
1205:Uganda
1151:Zambia
1136:Rwanda
1121:Malawi
1096:Angola
1087:Africa
998:Brazil
840:Africa
756:Unguja
740:, the
738:100 CE
722:669 CE
701:, and
689:, and
628:Hobart
596:, the
582:Tahiti
578:Sydney
511:Sydney
491:Luanda
428:Angola
414:, and
412:Borneo
396:Brazil
345:uses.
325:. The
309:, and
186:Arctic
154:winter
150:summer
109:, the
99:oceans
87:Africa
4187:Polar
4132:lists
4127:Lakes
3946:ocean
3665:Ibero
3660:Latin
3650:Anglo
2772:Earth
2686:(PDF)
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2349:(PDF)
2338:S2CID
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2108:Notes
2047:Chile
1876:Tonga
1847:Samoa
1808:Nauru
1268:Chile
1195:Kenya
1173:Gabon
1062:Belep
1002:Quito
858:Gabon
776:Chile
710:Bogor
683:Islam
301:beech
293:Chile
63:south
59:Earth
57:) of
4144:Seas
3901:Asia
3173:Ural
3085:Asia
3014:Horn
3009:East
2778:and
2694:2012
2627:2022
2556:ISBN
2417:2023
2387:2023
2357:2020
2260:2014
2181:2016
2163:ISBN
2139:2014
1914:and
1824:Niue
1671:Fiji
1565:and
1563:Java
1278:Peru
1215:Asia
932:and
908:Asia
818:and
810:and
794:and
778:and
762:and
736:and
714:Java
703:Fiji
695:Bali
666:and
649:and
606:Peru
604:and
580:and
570:Lima
554:Bali
517:and
479:Lima
442:and
400:Java
337:and
319:and
295:and
260:The
242:The
214:the
95:Asia
49:The
4154:Rim
3944:By
3852:By
2328:doi
2316:172
2041:by
2015:by
1993:by
1971:by
1408:by
1235:of
1004:in
856:in
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718:669
142:Sun
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