1413:
sinister views by regular vote. It may clog the administration, it may convulse the society; but it will be unable to execute and mask its violence under the forms of the
Constitution. When a majority is included in a faction, the form of popular government, on the other hand, enables it to sacrifice to its ruling passion or interest both the public good and the rights of other citizens. To secure the public good and private rights against the danger of such a faction, and at the same time to preserve the spirit and the form of popular government, is then the great object to which our inquiries are directed...By what means is this object attainable? Evidently by one of two only. Either the existence of the same passion or interest in a majority at the same time must be prevented, or the majority, having such coexistent passion or interest, must be rendered, by their number and local situation, unable to concert and carry into effect schemes of oppression.
1132:
1560:
1211:
1528:, who argues instead that narrow and well organised minorities are more likely to assert their interests over those of the majority. Olson argues that when the benefits of political action (e.g., lobbying) are spread over fewer agents, there is a stronger individual incentive to contribute to that political activity. Narrow groups, especially those who can reward active participation to their group goals, might therefore be able to dominate or distort political process, a process studied in
630:
1071:
1443:
a passive instrument. To the police? The police are nothing other than the majority under arms. To the jury? The jury is the majority vested with the right to deliver judgments. The judges themselves, in certain states, are elected by the majority. However iniquitous or unreasonable the measure that strikes you may be, you must therefore submit to it or flee. What is that if not the very soul of tyranny under the forms of liberty
1005:
1462:: Are you trying to say that majority tyranny is simply an illusion? If so, that is going to be small comfort to a minority whose fundamental rights are trampled on by an abusive majority. I think you need to consider seriously two possibilities; first, that a majority will infringe on the rights of a minority, and second, that a majority may oppose democracy itself.
1467:: Let's take up the first. The issue is sometimes presented as a paradox. If a majority is not entitled to do so, then it is thereby deprived of its rights; but if a majority is entitled to do so, then it can deprive the minority of its rights. The paradox is supposed to show that no solution can be both democratic and just. But the dilemma seems to be spurious.
925:, he said "tolerance is extended to policies, conditions, and modes of behavior which should not be tolerated because they are impeding, if not destroying, the chances of creating an existence without fear and misery" and that "this sort of tolerance strengthens the tyranny of the majority against which authentic liberals protested". In 1994, legal scholar
1509:
shows that the initiative process is sometimes prone to produce laws that disadvantage relatively powerless minorities … State and local ballot initiatives have been used to undo policies – such as school desegregation, protections against job and housing discrimination, and affirmative action – that minorities have secured from legislatures.
1412:
The inference to which we are brought is, that the CAUSES of faction cannot be removed, and that relief is only to be sought in the means of controlling its EFFECTS. If a faction consists of less than a majority, relief is supplied by the republican principle, which enables the majority to defeat its
1442:
When a man or a party suffers from an injustice in the United States, to whom do you want them to appeal? To public opinion? That is what forms the majority. To the legislative body? It represents the majority and blindly obeys it. To the executive power? It is named by the majority and serves it as
1391:
and onward. Essentially, illegitimate or temporary coalitions that held majority volume could disproportionately outweigh and hurt any significant minority, by nature and sheer volume. Calhoun's contemporary doctrine was presented as one of limitation within
American democracy to prevent traditional
1508:
One of the original concerns about direct democracy is the potential it has to allow a majority of voters to trample the rights of minorities. Many still worry that the process can be used to harm gays and lesbians as well as ethnic, linguistic, and religious minorities. … Recent scholarly research
1475:
The answer is clearly no. To put it another way, logically it can't be true that the members of an association ought to govern themselves by the democratic process, and at the same time a majority of the association may properly strip a minority of its primary political rights. For, by doing so the
1177:
It is a centralized decision about all common use rooms, "one color for all rooms", and it is also legitimate. Voters have some arguments against "each room with its color", rationalizing the centralization: some say that common rooms need uniform decisions; some prefer the homogeneous color style,
813:
argues that "the makers of laws are the majority who are weak; and they make laws and distribute praises and censures with a view to themselves and to their own interests; and they terrify the stronger sort of men, and those who are able to get the better of them, in order that they may not get the
1430:
So what is a majority taken as a whole, if not an individual who has opinions and, most often, interests contrary to another individual called the minority. Now, if you admit that an individual vested with omnipotence can abuse it against his adversaries, why would you not admit the same thing for
1194:
of floors". Suppose that only on the third floor the majority of residents manifested some preference to "each floor with different color" style, and all of the third floor residents likes the red color. The cost difference, to purchase another color for one floor, is not significant when compared
1542:
Tyranny of the majority has also been prevalent in some class studies. Rahim
Baizidi uses the concept of "democratic suppression" to analyze the tyranny of the majority in economic classes. According to this, the majority of the upper and middle classes, together with a small portion of the lower
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the majority? Have men, by gathering together, changed character? By becoming stronger, have they become more patient in the face of obstacles? As for me, I cannot believe it; and the power to do everything that I refuse to any one of my fellows, I will never grant to several.
1436:
So when I see the right and the ability to do everything granted to whatever power, whether called people or king, democracy or aristocracy, whether exercised in a monarchy or a republic, I say: the seed of tyranny is there and I try to go and live under other
990:, a legislature duly representing public opinion were to enact that all children born during the next ten years should be drowned. Does anyone think such an enactment would be warrantable? If not, there is evidently a limit to the power of a majority.
866:
in March 1788, Adams referred to "a single sovereign assembly, each member…only accountable to his constituents; and the majority of members who have been of one party" as a "tyranny of the majority", attempting to highlight the need instead for "a
1491:: That's exactly what I've been trying to show. Of course democracy has limits. But my point is that these are built into the very nature of the process itself. If you exceed those limits, then you necessarily violate the democratic process.
1279:" connecting the cyclists, and the other people (voters) of the condominium recognise the group, transferring some (little) responsibility to them (the keys of the gym room and right to advocate their cycling activities to other residents).
2020:
Democracy in
America: Historical-Critical Edition of De la démocratie en Amérique, ed. Eduardo Nolla, translated from the French by James T. Schleifer. A Bilingual French-English editions, (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2010). Vol. 2.
2007:
Democracy in
America: Historical-Critical Edition of De la démocratie en Amérique, ed. Eduardo Nolla, translated from the French by James T. Schleifer. A Bilingual French-English editions, (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2010). Vol. 2.
1476:
majority would deny the minority the rights necessary to the democratic process. In effect therefore the majority would affirm that the association ought not to govern itself by the democratic process. They can't have it both ways.
1994:
Democracy in
America: Historical-Critical Edition of De la démocratie en Amérique, ed. Eduardo Nolla, translated from the French by James T. Schleifer. A Bilingual French-English editions, (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2010). Vol.
914:
wrote that individual rights are not subject to a public vote, and that the political function of rights is precisely to protect minorities from oppression by majorities and "the smallest minority on earth is the individual". In
1368:. This "localism" strategy was presented as a mechanism to circumvent Calhoun's perceived tyranny of the majority in the United States. Each state presumptively held the Sovereign power to block federal laws that infringed upon
883:, citing the destabilizing effect of "the superior force of an interested and overbearing majority" on a government, though the essay as a whole focuses on the Constitution's efforts to mitigate factionalism generally.
1555:
can protect minority interests from majorities in representative democratic bodies such as legislatures. They continue that direct democracy, such as statewide propositions on ballots, does not offer such protections.
847:) and in the previous chapter in the names of sections such as "The Tyranny of the Majority" and "Effects of the Tyranny of the Majority on American National Character; the Courtier Spirit in the United States".
1485:
believe in democracy and yet they may cynically use the democratic process to destroy democracy. Without some limits, both moral and constitutional, the democratic process becomes self-contradictory, doesn't
2139:
2130:
1481:: Your argument may be perfectly logical. But majorities aren't always perfectly logical. They may believe in democracy to some extent and yet violate its principles. Even worse, they may
1135:
A collective decision of 13 voters in a deliberative assembly. Result: 8 votes for X (purple) and 5 votes for Y (brown). X option wins, because it has a majority (more than half).
1234:(illustrated as spiked hair), that have the gym room key for some activities on Sundays. They are acting collectively to preserve the gym room for a local cyclists group.
836:. It appears in Part 2 of the book in the title of Chapter 8, "What Moderates the Tyranny of the Majority in the United States' Absence of Administrative Centralization" (
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for the "one color for all rooms" central tyrannized decision. Majority color (blue) is used at one room, and the concurrent majority at its correlated room (red).
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2009:
1996:
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The notion that, in a democracy, the greatest concern is that the majority will tyrannise and exploit diverse smaller interests, has been criticised by
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Centralization excess is the most usual case. Suppose that each floor has some kind of local governance, so in some aspects the condominium is a "
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in which the majority of an electorate pursues exclusively its own objectives at the expense of those of the minority factions. This results in
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1842:
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Of course a majority might have the power or strength to deprive a minority of its political rights. The question is whether a majority may
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Lacy K. Ford Jr., "Inventing the
Concurrent Majority: Madison, Calhoun, and the Problem of Majoritarianism in American Political Thought",
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19th century concurrent majority theories held logical counterbalances to standard tyranny of the majority harms originating from
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and all other voters have no style preference; an economic analysis demonstrates (and all agree) that a wholesale purchase of
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1408:"The Same Subject Continued: The Union as a Safeguard Against Domestic Faction and Insurrection" (November 23, 1787):
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The "no tyranny" and "tyranny" situations can be characterized in any simple democratic decision-making context, as a
890:, who wrote in a 1790 letter that "The tyranny of a multitude is a multiplied tyranny." It was further popularised by
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1818:
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Minority and tyranny characterized: a coherent subset of voters with some collective action; a central decision; the
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1372:, autonomously. Calhoun's policies directly influenced Southern public policy regarding slavery, and undermined the
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remembered, a decision "which bases its claim to rule upon numbers, not upon rightness or excellence". The use of
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is not used by all, but there is a "community" of regulars, there is a grouping of voters by its activity as
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The scenarios in which tyranny perception occurs are very specific, involving a sort of distortion of
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1330:, the minority and a potential local governance emerged: the tyranny perception arrives with it.
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762:, and other similar mechanisms help to improve rationality of decisions before voting on them.
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1226:, suppose no floor federation, but (only) a room with some local governance. Suppose that the
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1174:", so 8, as a majority, purple wins. As collectively (13 voters) the decision is legitimate.
982:, in "The Right to Ignore the State" (1851), pointed the problem with the following example:
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802:) may also be implemented to prevent the problem from happening internally in a government.
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1157:: to paint some common rooms (as game room, lobby and each floor's hall) with purple color.
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While the specific phrase "tyranny of the majority" is frequently attributed to various
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use its primary political rights to deprive a minority of its primary political rights.
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2023:
Democracy in
America: Historical-Critical Edition, vol. 2| Online Library of Liberty
2010:
Democracy in
America: Historical-Critical Edition, vol. 2| Online Library of Liberty
1997:
Democracy in
America: Historical-Critical Edition, vol. 2| Online Library of Liberty
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2080:"Paradoxical class: paradox of interest and political conservatism in middle class"
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One of the earliest occurrences of this concept can be found in Plato's dialogue
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Equality, Tyranny, and Despotism in Democracy: Remembering Alexis de Tocqueville
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argues that the tyranny of the majority is a spurious dilemma (p. 171):
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A Defence of the Constitutions of Government of the United States of America
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1260:(over local decision): there is no choice of "each room decision" or "each
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The origin of the term "tyranny of the majority" is commonly attributed to
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class, form the majority coalition of conservative forces in the society.
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1663: – Transfer of the Reichstag's power to the government under Hitler
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power granted to the federal government. The subsequent creation of the
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1651: – Minority group that holds a disproportionate amount of power
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1037:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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1813:. Gerald E. Bevan, Isaac Kramnick, Alexis de Tocqueville. London.
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there is relevant voting for a local decision: 6 voters (46%) are
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1287:"; it seems a legitimate characterization of a relevant (and not
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is known to have used it, arguing against government by a single
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In these conditions some perception of tyranny arrives, and the
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2147:
Curriculum on Alexis de Tocqueville on Tyranny of the Majority
2131:
The Tyranny of the Majority: History, Concepts, and Challenges
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1890:
Human, All Too Human: First Sequel: Mixed Opinions and Maxims
1705: – Self-interests causing depletion of a shared resource
1422:
With respect to American democracy, Tocqueville, in his book
1615: – Group decision-making aiming for universal agreement
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there is a little "global gain" in a global decision (where
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1875:
Correspondence of Edmund Burke between the year 1774 - 1797
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limits on the powers of a legislative body, laws requiring
1597: – Fallacy of claiming the majority is always correct
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2975:
1551:
Anti-federalists of public choice theory point out that
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wins), and a good "local gain" in local decision (local
986:
Suppose, for the sake of argument, that, struck by some
1946:"Herbert Spencer, The Right to Ignore the State (1851)"
1693: – Political science and mass communication theory
1585: – Branch of law governing administrative agencies
1621: – Matching opinions and behaviors to group norms
2140:
Moral Minorities and the Making of American Democracy
1810:
Democracy in America : and Two essays on America
1711: – Ethical theory based on maximizing well-being
1627: – Political power sharing among cultural groups
1495:
1143:
with 13 voters, deciding, with majority rule, about "
16:
Inherent oppressive potential of simple majority rule
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from the United States was anchored by a version of
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of the decision) is the typical way after the vote.
1185:
956:meant rule by one man—whether undesirable or not.
1888:See for example maxim 89 of Friedrich Nietzsche,
1633: – Critiques of democratic political systems
1500:Regarding recent American politics (specifically
929:used the phrase as the title for a collection of
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1657: – One-government dominance of a parliament
1603: – Disposition towards authoritarian ideas
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1223:
1166:Suppose that the final result is "8 votes for
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1364:as public policy, adopted from his theory of
1249:, uniting them, making them a cohesive group.
1202:can be used to contest the central decision.
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2050:
1747:Vol. 60, No. 1 (Feb., 1994), pp. 19–58
1681: – Rights of members of minority groups
1237:In this situation the following facts hold:
994:
731:. Typical solutions, in this condition, are
3338:
1968:
1806:
1099:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
774:In both cases, in the context of a nation,
687:of minority groups comparable to that of a
4796:
4782:
2903:
2889:
2178:
2164:
1841:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
798:majority actions subject to review by the
659:
645:
2639:Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder
1862:, Vol. 3 (London: 1788), p. 290-291, 310.
1770:
1591: – Political philosophy and movement
1119:Learn how and when to remove this message
1053:Learn how and when to remove this message
786:have been used to counter the problem. A
2910:
1776:A Przeworski, JM Maravall, I NetLibrary
1739:
1737:
1699: – Extreme form of authoritarianism
1558:
1417:
1209:
1130:
862:elected body. Writing in defense of the
732:
719:excess: when the centralized power of a
4486:Reflections on the Revolution in France
2077:
1753:
1513:
1275:can be applied: there is an "embryonic
1218:can be used by minority group decision.
904:used the phrase in the first sequel to
5193:
1333:
727:, breaking with the commitment to the
27:. For the concept in engineering, see
4777:
2884:
2159:
2151:National Endowment for the Humanities
1969:Madison, James; Hamilton, Alexander.
1871:
1734:
1639: – National decline in democracy
1392:tyranny, whether actual or imagined.
1182:color paint for all rooms is better.
1139:Suppose a deliberative assembly of a
852:Founding Fathers of the United States
821:
2627:Right-wing authoritarian personality
2143:. New York: Oxford University Press.
2033:
1669: – Term in political philosophy
1360:utilized Calhoun's doctrines in the
1195:with the condominium contributions.
1097:adding citations to reliable sources
1064:
1021:Relevant discussion may be found on
998:
842:De ce qui tempère aux États-Unis la
4596:The End of History and the Last Man
4506:Elements of the Philosophy of Right
1318:. The majority of them (83%) voted
1205:
13:
2122:
2084:Asian Journal of Political Science
2051:Todd Donovan; et al. (2014).
1496:Trampling the rights of minorities
14:
5252:
2057:. Cengage Learning. p. 131.
1645: – Marxist political concept
23:. For the Flesh Field album, see
5241:Concepts in political philosophy
4566:The Open Society and Its Enemies
1745:The Journal of Southern History,
1609: – Modern form of ostracism
1400:
1352:, found within the doctrines of
1326:In this situation, even with no
1069:
1003:
944:for oppressive popular rule was
894:, influenced by Tocqueville, in
723:makes a decision that should be
628:
3373:Family as a model for the state
2071:
2044:
2027:
2014:
2001:
1988:
1962:
1938:
1925:
1911:
1895:
1807:Tocqueville, Alexis de (2003).
1792:de Tocqueville, Alexis (2012).
1643:Dictatorship of the proletariat
1546:
1186:Federated centralization excess
612:Latin America and the Caribbean
25:Tyranny of the Majority (album)
19:For the form of democracy, see
4723:Separation of church and state
4621:Collectivism and individualism
4576:The Origins of Totalitarianism
2622:Authoritarian leadership style
2185:
1882:
1865:
1849:
1800:
1785:
1765:theimaginativeconservative.org
1723:
1525:The Logic of Collective Action
1504:), Donovan et al. argue that:
1256:(a general assembly) and some
1:
4763:Category:Political philosophy
4636:Critique of political economy
2527:Social construction of gender
2096:10.1080/02185377.2019.1642772
2078:Baizidi, Rahim (2019-09-02).
1779:Democracy and the Rule of Law
1716:
1395:
1378:Confederate States of America
1346:Confederate States of America
679:) is an inherent weakness to
424:Democracy and economic growth
5165:Social dominance orientation
4661:Institutional discrimination
4656:History of political thought
3388:Negative and positive rights
2522:Rally 'round the flag effect
1794:De la démocratie en Amérique
1687: – Political philosophy
1675: – Political philosophy
1163:: to paint with brown color.
1023:Talk:Tyranny of the majority
879:presented a similar idea in
617:Middle East and North Africa
484:Peaceful transition of power
7:
5236:Majority–minority relations
5180:List of totalitarian states
5160:Right-wing authoritarianism
4671:Justification for the state
4456:Two Treatises of Government
2725:Asch conformity experiments
2442:Identification (psychology)
1933:The Tyranny of the Majority
1575:
1328:formal federation structure
1033:the claims made and adding
959:
760:technical consulting bodies
514:Proportional representation
10:
5257:
5155:Left-wing authoritarianism
4990:Authoritarian conservatism
3341:Bellum omnium contra omnes
2740:Stanford prison experiment
2482:Normative social influence
1563:The global voting shows a
1448:Critique by Robert A. Dahl
1337:
975:Abandonment of rationality
830:, who used it in his book
782:and the introduction of a
18:
5132:
4982:
4849:Counterintelligence state
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3089:
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2748:
2717:
2689:Normalization of deviance
2651:
2617:Authoritarian personality
2609:
2369:
2326:
2200:
2193:
2149:from EDSITEment from the
2037:Democracy and Its Critics
1906:The Virtue of Selfishness
1903:"Collectivized 'Rights,'"
1613:Consensus decision-making
1601:Authoritarian personality
1358:Antebellum South Carolina
1224:above no-tyranny scenario
995:Usual no-tyranny scenario
875:". Constitutional author
5150:Inverted totalitarianism
5022:Authoritarian capitalism
4546:The Revolt of the Masses
2699:Preference falsification
2054:State and Local Politics
1919:The Repressive Tolerance
569:Wars between democracies
549:Territorial peace theory
394:Democratic confederalism
5034:Authoritarian socialism
4526:The Communist Manifesto
3452:Tyranny of the majority
3363:Consent of the governed
2361:Tyranny of the majority
2128:Nyirkos, Tamas (2018).
1971:"Federalist Nos. 51-60"
1314:regulars, 5 that voted
1293:tyranny of the majority
844:tyrannie de la majorité
673:tyranny of the majority
554:Tyranny of the majority
489:Political demonstration
399:Democratic peace theory
374:Deliberative referendum
3403:
3353:Clash of civilizations
3339:
2664:Communal reinforcement
2417:False consensus effect
2137:Volk, Kyle G. (2014).
2134:. New York: Routledge.
1872:Burke, Edmund (1844).
1703:Tragedy of the commons
1637:Democratic backsliding
1631:Criticism of democracy
1572:
1511:
1493:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1415:
1291:) minority. This is a
1283:There is no "enforced
1273:subsidiarity principle
1264:decision". So it is a
1219:
1216:subsidiarity principle
1200:subsidiarity principle
1136:
992:
841:
768:declaration of nullity
729:subsidiarity principle
379:Democratic backsliding
369:Criticism of democracy
5216:Political terminology
4898:Dominant-party system
3368:Divine right of kings
2768:Anti-social behaviour
2763:Anti-authoritarianism
2502:Pluralistic ignorance
2349:National conservatism
2344:Left-wing nationalism
2327:Governmental pressure
2034:Dahl, Robert (1989).
1759:P. J. Deneen (2015) "
1655:Elective dictatorship
1595:Argumentum ad populum
1562:
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1418:Alexis de Tocqueville
1410:
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828:Alexis de Tocqueville
677:tyranny of the masses
434:Electoral competition
414:Democratic transition
389:Democratic centralism
384:Democratic capitalism
4516:Democracy in America
3895:political philosophy
3878:political philosophy
3693:political philosophy
3522:political philosophy
3432:Separation of powers
3393:Night-watchman state
3378:Monopoly on violence
2912:Political philosophy
2730:Breaching experiment
2517:Operant conditioning
2462:Mere exposure effect
1661:Enabling Act of 1933
1530:public choice theory
1514:Public choice theory
1424:Democracy in America
1141:building condominium
1093:improve this section
922:Repressive Tolerance
907:Human, All Too Human
886:Later users include
833:Democracy in America
788:separation of powers
409:Democratic socialism
5085:Ecoauthoritarianism
4903:Illiberal democracy
4706:Right-wing politics
4586:A Theory of Justice
4556:The Road to Serfdom
4476:The Social Contract
3183:Christian democracy
2610:Individual pressure
2487:Passing (sociology)
2422:Fear of missing out
2387:Closure (sociology)
2301:Enemy of the people
1975:Library of Congress
1569:concurrent majority
1366:concurrent majority
1340:Concurrent majority
1334:Concurrent majority
1295:situation because:
1262:regulars' community
1245:of voters and some
902:Friedrich Nietzsche
756:public consultation
741:consensus democracy
733:concurrent majority
635:Politics portal
429:Democracy promotion
404:Democratic republic
5221:Political theories
4718:Political violence
4713:Political theology
4696:Left-wing politics
4691:Political spectrum
2778:Civil disobedience
2735:Milgram experiment
2674:Creeping normality
2576:Social integration
2512:Psychosocial issue
2452:Invented tradition
2306:Enemy of the state
1935:(Free Press: 1994)
1921:by Herbert Marcuse
1796:. Institut Coppet.
1729:John Stuart Mill.
1583:Administrative law
1573:
1382:American Civil War
1220:
1137:
1014:possibly contains
942:Hellenistic Greece
822:Origin of the term
574:Waves of democracy
534:Right to candidacy
504:Popular referendum
494:Political equality
364:Citizens' assembly
29:Tyranny of numbers
5211:Libertarian terms
5188:
5187:
5140:Democracy indices
4827:Absolute monarchy
4771:
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4681:Philosophy of law
4626:Conflict theories
4466:The Spirit of Law
4373:
4372:
3422:Original position
2878:
2877:
2758:Alternative media
2647:
2646:
2586:Spiral of silence
2457:Memory conformity
2397:Consensus reality
2290:Persona non grata
2211:Damnatio memoriae
1901:Ayn Rand (1961),
1691:Spiral of silence
1649:Dominant minority
1625:Consociationalism
1406:Federalist No. 10
1344:Secession of the
1247:collective action
1129:
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1016:original research
814:better of them" (
699:in his 1859 book
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524:Right to petition
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5201:Authoritarianism
5039:Marxism–Leninism
4920:Managerial state
4798:
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3308:Social democracy
3303:Social Darwinism
3278:Multiculturalism
3223:Environmentalism
3198:Communitarianism
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2803:Devil's advocate
2773:Auto-segregation
2669:Countersignaling
2596:Toxic positivity
2571:Social influence
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1374:Supremacy Clause
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1206:Tyranny emerging
1170:and 5 votes for
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988:Malthusian panic
892:John Stuart Mill
871:, consisting of
869:mixed government
697:John Stuart Mill
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479:Nomination rules
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3417:Ordered liberty
3405:Noblesse oblige
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2845:Insubordination
2793:Culture jamming
2783:Cosmopolitanism
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2684:Internalization
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764:Judicial review
746:Abandonment of
712:preconditions:
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2795:
2790:
2788:Counterculture
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2754:
2752:
2750:Anticonformity
2746:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2709:Social reality
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2655:
2653:
2649:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2630:
2629:
2624:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2601:Untouchability
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2560:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2539:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2467:Milieu control
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2447:Indoctrination
2444:
2439:
2437:Herd mentality
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2373:
2371:
2370:Group pressure
2367:
2366:
2364:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2352:
2351:
2346:
2336:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2293:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2277:
2267:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2248:Cancel culture
2245:
2235:
2228:
2223:
2214:
2206:
2204:
2195:
2191:
2190:
2183:
2182:
2175:
2168:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2144:
2135:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2090:(3): 272–285.
2070:
2063:
2043:
2026:
2013:
2000:
1987:
1961:
1937:
1931:Lani Guinier,
1924:
1910:
1894:
1881:
1864:
1848:
1819:
1799:
1784:
1769:
1752:
1733:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1709:Utilitarianism
1706:
1700:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1676:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1634:
1628:
1622:
1616:
1610:
1607:Cancel culture
1604:
1598:
1592:
1586:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1548:
1545:
1536:
1515:
1512:
1497:
1494:
1453:Robert A. Dahl
1449:
1446:
1419:
1416:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1380:catalyzed the
1370:states' rights
1338:Main article:
1335:
1332:
1324:
1323:
1308:
1281:
1280:
1269:
1254:centralization
1252:There is some
1250:
1232:speed-cyclists
1207:
1204:
1187:
1184:
1159:
1153:
1127:
1126:
1109:September 2019
1077:
1075:
1068:
1061:
1060:
1011:
1009:
1002:
996:
993:
976:
973:
961:
958:
950:("mob rule");
919:'s 1965 essay
873:three branches
823:
820:
784:Bill of Rights
776:constitutional
772:
771:
744:
717:Centralization
667:
666:
664:
663:
656:
649:
641:
638:
637:
624:
623:
620:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
588:
585:
584:
581:
580:
577:
576:
571:
566:
564:War referendum
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
454:Libertarianism
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
355:
353:Related topics
352:
351:
348:
347:
344:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
287:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
256:
254:Representative
251:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
182:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
137:
132:
127:
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
81:
76:
75:
72:
71:
69:
68:
63:
58:
52:
49:
48:
42:
41:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5253:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5137:
5135:
5131:
5125:
5124:ShĹŤwa Statism
5122:
5118:
5115:
5114:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5070:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5063:Caesaropapism
5061:
5057:
5056:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5036:
5035:
5032:
5028:
5025:
5024:
5023:
5020:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4992:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4985:
4981:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4964:
4963:
4960:
4956:
4955:Islamic state
4953:
4952:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4871:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4856:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4810:
4806:
4805:Authoritarian
4799:
4794:
4792:
4787:
4785:
4780:
4779:
4776:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4757:
4751:
4750:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4693:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4666:Jurisprudence
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4607:
4598:
4597:
4593:
4588:
4587:
4583:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4568:
4567:
4563:
4558:
4557:
4553:
4548:
4547:
4543:
4538:
4537:
4533:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4518:
4517:
4513:
4508:
4507:
4503:
4498:
4497:
4496:Rights of Man
4493:
4488:
4487:
4483:
4478:
4477:
4473:
4468:
4467:
4463:
4458:
4457:
4453:
4448:
4447:
4443:
4438:
4437:
4433:
4428:
4427:
4423:
4418:
4417:
4413:
4408:
4407:
4406:De re publica
4403:
4398:
4397:
4393:
4388:
4387:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4376:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4030:
4026:20th and 21st
4024:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3896:
3893:
3892:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3879:
3876:
3875:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3759:18th and 19th
3757:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3637:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3615:Nizam al-Mulk
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3560:
3556:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3406:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3325:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3298:Republicanism
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2906:
2901:
2899:
2894:
2892:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2840:Individualism
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2679:Herd behavior
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2650:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2634:Control freak
2632:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2581:Socialization
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2497:Peer pressure
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2477:Normalization
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2402:Culture shock
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2325:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2259:
2258:Deplatforming
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2181:
2176:
2174:
2169:
2167:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2152:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2126:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2066:
2064:9781285441405
2060:
2056:
2055:
2047:
2039:
2038:
2030:
2024:
2017:
2011:
2004:
1998:
1991:
1976:
1972:
1965:
1951:
1947:
1941:
1934:
1928:
1922:
1920:
1914:
1907:
1904:
1898:
1891:
1885:
1877:
1876:
1868:
1861:
1857:
1852:
1844:
1838:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1820:0-14-044760-1
1816:
1812:
1811:
1803:
1795:
1788:
1782:(2003) p. 223
1781:
1780:
1773:
1762:
1756:
1750:
1746:
1740:
1738:
1731:
1726:
1722:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1683:
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1668:
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1662:
1659:
1656:
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1650:
1647:
1644:
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1638:
1635:
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1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1537:Class studies
1533:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1510:
1505:
1503:
1492:
1490:
1484:
1480:
1472:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1454:
1444:
1438:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1414:
1409:
1407:
1401:James Madison
1393:
1390:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1341:
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1302:
1298:
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1270:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
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1240:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1217:
1212:
1203:
1201:
1196:
1193:
1183:
1181:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1162:
1156:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1133:
1123:
1120:
1112:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1083:
1078:This section
1076:
1072:
1067:
1066:
1057:
1054:
1046:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1012:This section
1010:
1001:
1000:
991:
989:
983:
981:
972:
970:
969:
966:deliberative
957:
955:
954:
949:
948:
943:
939:
934:
932:
928:
924:
923:
918:
913:
909:
908:
903:
899:
898:
893:
889:
884:
882:
881:Federalist 10
878:
877:James Madison
874:
870:
865:
861:
857:
853:
848:
846:
845:
839:
835:
834:
829:
819:
817:
812:
808:
803:
801:
797:
793:
790:(for example
789:
785:
781:
777:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
742:
738:
737:supermajority
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
715:
714:
713:
711:
706:
704:
703:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
681:majority rule
678:
674:
662:
657:
655:
650:
648:
643:
642:
640:
639:
636:
631:
626:
625:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
589:
583:
582:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
539:Right to vote
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
464:Majority rule
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
356:
350:
349:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
331:Supermajority
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
261:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
229:Participatory
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
161:
160:Hybrid regime
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
116:
113:
111:
108:
106:
103:
101:
98:
96:
93:
91:
88:
86:
83:
82:
79:
74:
73:
67:
64:
62:
59:
57:
54:
53:
51:
50:
47:
44:
43:
40:
36:
35:
30:
26:
22:
5053:
4967:Majoritarian
4966:
4940:Police state
4908:Totalitarian
4868:
4854:Dictatorship
4809:totalitarian
4747:
4646:Elite theory
4594:
4584:
4574:
4564:
4554:
4544:
4534:
4524:
4514:
4504:
4494:
4484:
4474:
4464:
4454:
4444:
4434:
4424:
4414:
4404:
4394:
4384:
3683:Guicciardini
3639:Early modern
3462:Philosophers
3451:
3412:Open society
3348:Body politic
3218:Distributism
3208:Conservatism
3203:Confucianism
3122:Gerontocracy
3112:Dictatorship
3066:Sovereignty‎
3056:Ruling class
2946:Emancipation
2931:Citizenship‎
2850:Pueblo clown
2835:Idiosyncrasy
2820:Eccentricity
2704:Social proof
2412:Echo chamber
2392:Collectivism
2382:Brainwashing
2360:
2313:Scapegoating
2296:Public enemy
2288:
2279:
2243:Blacklisting
2230:
2209:
2202:Proscription
2138:
2129:
2087:
2083:
2073:
2053:
2046:
2035:
2029:
2016:
2003:
1990:
1978:. Retrieved
1974:
1964:
1953:. Retrieved
1949:
1940:
1932:
1927:
1918:
1913:
1905:
1897:
1889:
1884:
1878:. Rivington.
1874:
1867:
1859:
1851:
1809:
1802:
1793:
1787:
1777:
1772:
1755:
1744:
1725:
1667:General will
1568:
1564:
1553:vote trading
1550:
1547:Vote trading
1541:
1535:
1534:
1523:
1520:Mancur Olson
1517:
1507:
1499:
1488:
1482:
1478:
1470:
1464:
1459:
1458:
1451:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1421:
1411:
1404:
1386:
1350:subsidiarity
1343:
1325:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:preference);
1304:
1300:
1292:
1282:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1236:
1227:
1221:
1215:
1197:
1189:
1179:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1165:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1115:
1106:
1091:Please help
1079:
1049:
1040:
1013:
985:
978:
967:
963:
951:
945:
935:
927:Lani Guinier
920:
905:
895:
888:Edmund Burke
885:
864:Constitution
849:
843:
831:
825:
815:
806:
804:
773:
724:
707:
700:
676:
672:
670:
553:
336:Totalitarian
219:Non-partisan
199:Majoritarian
180:Jeffersonian
120:Deliberative
110:Cosmopolitan
105:Conservative
85:Anticipatory
37:Part of the
5107:Imperialism
5073:Enlightened
5027:Pinochetism
4915:Mafia state
4886:Proletarian
4870:Dictablanda
4520:(1835–1840)
4400:(c. 350 BC)
4390:(c. 375 BC)
4007:Tocqueville
3972:Saint-Simon
3937:Montesquieu
3788:Bolingbroke
3720:Machiavelli
3600:Ibn Khaldun
3565:Alpharabius
3558:Middle Ages
3383:Natural law
3358:Common good
3283:Nationalism
3243:Imperialism
3213:Corporatism
3188:Colonialism
3168:Agrarianism
3147:Technocracy
3127:Meritocracy
3107:Bureaucracy
3097:Aristocracy
2870:Shock value
2825:Eclecticism
2718:Experiments
2339:Nationalism
2275:Civil death
2194:Enforcement
1980:12 February
1502:initiatives
1241:There is a
792:legislative
752:Tocqueville
750:: when, as
748:rationality
444:Kleroterion
326:Substantive
301:Semi-direct
5195:Categories
5145:Deep state
5005:Khomeinism
4983:Ideologies
4925:Ochlocracy
4891:Right-wing
4876:Grassroots
4859:Benevolent
4813:government
4728:Separatism
4536:On Liberty
4436:The Prince
4165:Huntington
3668:Campanella
3595:al-Ghazali
3544:Thucydides
3502:Lactantius
3447:Statolatry
3273:Monarchism
3253:Liberalism
3178:Capitalism
3161:Ideologies
3142:Plutocracy
3090:Government
3046:Revolution
3031:Propaganda
2981:Legitimacy
2956:Government
2659:Compliance
2652:Conformity
2552:Hysterical
2542:Behavioral
2507:Propaganda
2492:Patriotism
2427:Groupthink
2253:Censorship
2232:Homo sacer
2187:Conformity
1955:2019-11-18
1856:John Adams
1717:References
1619:Conformity
1567:to use of
1396:Viewpoints
1192:federation
1027:improve it
947:ochlocracy
933:articles.
931:law review
897:On Liberty
860:unicameral
856:John Adams
721:federation
702:On Liberty
685:oppression
607:Historical
519:Referendum
474:Ochlocracy
449:Liberalism
439:Initiative
316:Sociocracy
244:Procedural
214:Multiparty
175:Jacksonian
170:Industrial
150:Grassroots
135:Electronic
21:Ochlocracy
5206:Democracy
5175:Strongman
5068:Despotism
5044:Stalinism
5000:Francoism
4995:Chiangism
4950:Theocracy
4935:Oligarchy
4832:Autocracy
4811:forms of
4446:Leviathan
4426:Monarchia
4420:(c. 1274)
4255:Oakeshott
4200:Mansfield
4195:Luxemburg
4180:Kropotkin
4075:Bernstein
4028:centuries
3942:Nietzsche
3885:Jefferson
3813:Condorcet
3761:centuries
3740:Pufendorf
3605:Marsilius
3492:Confucius
3477:Aristotle
3470:Antiquity
3398:Noble lie
3318:Third Way
3313:Socialism
3238:Feudalism
3193:Communism
3173:Anarchism
3152:Theocracy
3137:Oligarchy
3117:Democracy
3102:Autocracy
3016:Pluralism
3001:Obedience
2966:Hierarchy
2926:Authority
2855:Rebellion
2813:Political
2694:Obedience
2564:Emotional
2537:Addiction
2281:Vogelfrei
2238:Ostracism
2221:Dissenter
2217:Dissident
2112:199308683
2104:0218-5377
1837:cite book
1763:", 2015s
1589:Anarchism
1565:precedent
1389:Antiquity
1362:Old South
1080:does not
1043:June 2016
1031:verifying
1025:. Please
938:Classical
811:Callicles
800:judiciary
796:executive
739:rules or
710:democracy
695:, argued
544:Sortition
499:Polyarchy
359:Anarchism
341:Workplace
321:Sovereign
311:Socialist
291:Sectarian
269:Christian
259:Religious
234:Pluralist
189:Illiberal
165:Inclusive
140:Empowered
115:Defensive
100:Consensus
46:Democracy
5231:Majority
5133:See also
5010:Putinism
4881:Military
4701:Centrism
4396:Politics
4386:Republic
4355:Voegelin
4335:Spengler
4320:Shariati
4295:Rothbard
4250:Nussbaum
4150:Habermas
4125:Fukuyama
4115:Foucault
4040:Ambedkar
4017:Voltaire
3987:de Staël
3962:Rousseau
3843:Franklin
3818:Constant
3778:Beccaria
3610:Muhammad
3590:Gelasius
3575:Averroes
3549:Xenophon
3529:Polybius
3482:Chanakya
3327:Concepts
3293:Populism
3263:Localism
3248:Islamism
3233:Feminism
3132:Monarchy
3036:Property
3026:Progress
2991:Monopoly
2961:Hegemony
2860:Red team
2798:Deviance
2318:Shunning
1829:51528434
1767:article.
1749:in JSTOR
1685:Populism
1576:See also
1489:Advocate
1465:Advocate
1426:, says:
1312:gym room
1289:dominant
1228:gym room
968:assembly
960:Examples
912:Ayn Rand
910:(1879).
900:(1859).
809:, where
509:Populism
264:Buddhist
209:Monitory
130:Economic
95:Cellular
90:Athenian
5170:Statism
5090:Fascism
4962:Tyranny
4837:Tsarist
4738:Statism
4651:Elitism
4609:Related
4410:(51 BC)
4340:Strauss
4315:Scruton
4310:Schmitt
4300:Russell
4220:Michels
4215:Maurras
4210:Marcuse
4170:Kautsky
4140:Gramsci
4135:Gentile
4105:Dworkin
4095:Du Bois
4090:Dmowski
4085:Chomsky
4080:Burnham
4065:Benoist
4035:Agamben
4002:Thoreau
3992:Stirner
3982:Spencer
3927:Mazzini
3917:Maistre
3912:Madison
3907:Le Play
3838:Fourier
3803:Carlyle
3783:Bentham
3773:Bastiat
3768:Bakunin
3745:Spinoza
3735:MĂĽntzer
3705:Leibniz
3678:Grotius
3658:Bossuet
3625:Plethon
3570:Aquinas
3539:Sun Tzu
3507:Mencius
3497:Han Fei
3268:Marxism
3228:Fascism
3061:Society
2986:Liberty
2971:Justice
2951:Freedom
2808:Dissent
2591:Teasing
2557:Suicide
2472:Mobbing
2265:Outcast
1471:rightly
1222:In the
1101:removed
1086:sources
953:tyranny
854:, only
816:Gorgias
807:Gorgias
274:Islamic
249:Radical
239:Popular
185:Liberal
66:Indices
56:History
5112:Nazism
5049:Maoism
5015:Ziaism
4600:(1992)
4590:(1971)
4580:(1951)
4570:(1945)
4560:(1944)
4550:(1929)
4540:(1859)
4530:(1848)
4510:(1820)
4500:(1791)
4490:(1790)
4480:(1762)
4470:(1748)
4460:(1689)
4450:(1651)
4440:(1532)
4430:(1313)
4360:Walzer
4350:Taylor
4305:Sartre
4270:Popper
4265:Pareto
4260:Ortega
4245:Nozick
4235:Mouffe
4185:Laclau
4145:Guénon
4130:Gandhi
4070:Berlin
4060:Bauman
4055:Badiou
4045:Arendt
4012:Tucker
3902:Le Bon
3863:Herder
3853:Haller
3848:Godwin
3833:Fichte
3828:Engels
3823:Cortés
3793:Bonald
3750:Suárez
3725:Milton
3715:Luther
3688:Hobbes
3673:Filmer
3663:Calvin
3648:Boétie
3641:period
3620:Ockham
3487:Cicero
3288:Nazism
3076:Utopia
3051:Rights
3041:Regime
3011:People
2996:Nation
2865:Satire
2830:Hermit
2432:Hazing
2270:Outlaw
2110:
2102:
2061:
1892:, 1879
1827:
1817:
1479:Critic
1460:Critic
1243:subset
838:French
818:483).
766:(e.g.
693:despot
689:tyrant
602:Europe
592:Africa
586:Region
559:Voting
469:Motion
306:Social
284:Mormon
279:Jewish
194:Liquid
155:Guided
145:Ethnic
125:Direct
61:Theory
5226:Abuse
5055:Juche
4820:Forms
4749:Index
4378:Works
4365:Weber
4330:Spann
4325:Sorel
4290:Röpke
4285:Rawls
4240:Negri
4230:Mosca
4225:Mises
4190:Lenin
4160:Hoppe
4155:Hayek
4120:Fromm
4110:Evola
4100:Dugin
3997:Taine
3977:Smith
3957:Renan
3952:Paine
3873:Iqbal
3858:Hegel
3808:Comte
3798:Burke
3710:Locke
3700:James
3653:Bodin
3585:Dante
3580:Bruni
3534:Shang
3517:Plato
3071:State
3021:Power
3006:Peace
2941:Elite
2919:Terms
2547:Crime
2407:Dogma
2226:Exile
2108:S2CID
1437:laws.
725:local
204:Media
78:Types
5078:Soft
4972:Soft
4807:and
4280:Rand
4275:Qutb
4175:Kirk
4050:Aron
3967:Sade
3947:Owen
3932:Mill
3922:Marx
3890:Kant
3868:Hume
3730:More
3630:Wang
3512:Mozi
2936:Duty
2100:ISSN
2059:ISBN
1982:2023
1843:link
1825:OCLC
1815:ISBN
1271:The
1084:any
1082:cite
940:and
794:and
675:(or
671:The
597:Asia
296:Semi
224:Oral
5117:Neo
5100:Neo
5095:Eco
4345:Sun
4205:Mao
3081:War
2976:Law
2092:doi
1522:in
1486:it?
1483:not
1180:one
1151:",
1147:or
1095:by
1029:by
691:or
5197::
2219:/
2106:.
2098:.
2088:27
2086:.
2082:.
1995:2.
1973:.
1948:.
1858:,
1839:}}
1835:{{
1823:.
1736:^
1532:.
1384:.
1356:.
971:.
840::
758:,
735:,
705:.
187:/
4797:e
4790:t
4783:v
2904:e
2897:t
2890:v
2179:e
2172:t
2165:v
2114:.
2094::
2067:.
2040:.
1984:.
1958:.
1908:.
1845:)
1831:.
1322:.
1320:Y
1316:Y
1305:Y
1301:X
1268:.
1172:Y
1168:X
1161:Y
1155:X
1149:Y
1145:X
1122:)
1116:(
1111:)
1107:(
1103:.
1089:.
1056:)
1050:(
1045:)
1041:(
1019:.
743:.
660:e
653:t
646:v
31:.
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