6376:
1404:
6308:
member state would have more than one
Commissioner. However, the treaty was rejected by voters in Ireland in 2008 with one main concern being the loss of their Commissioner. Hence a guarantee given for a rerun of the vote was that the council would use its power to amend the number of Commissioners upwards. However, according to the treaties it still has to be fewer than the total number of members, thus it was proposed that the member state that does not get a Commissioner would get the post of High Representative – the so-called 26+1 formula. This guarantee (which may find its way into the next treaty amendment, probably in an accession treaty) contributed to the Irish approving the treaty in a second referendum in 2009.
7070:
1084:
6697:
6175:
10803:
1907:
4285:
3397:
4355:
5563:
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5515:
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1546:
467:
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519:
1955:
5731:
5140:
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4134:
3284:
1780:
701:
4730:
4259:
6523:. This monopoly has been challenged by some who claim the Parliament should also have the right, with most national parliaments holding the right in some respects. However, the Council and Parliament may request the commission to draft legislation, though the Commission does have the power to refuse to do so as it did in 2008 over transnational collective conventions. Under the Lisbon Treaty, EU citizens are also able to request the commission to legislate in an area via
1943:
5707:
5116:
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5695:
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2023:
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6861:. Each covers a specific policy area such as agriculture or justice and citizens' rights or internal services such as human resources and translation and is headed by a director-general who is responsible to a commissioner. A commissioner's portfolio can be supported by numerous DGs; they prepare proposals for them and if approved by a majority of commissioners proposals go forward to the Parliament and Council for consideration. The
4329:
4082:
3232:
3089:
1728:
1585:
649:
506:
4743:
4272:
4043:
3180:
1676:
597:
5719:
5623:
5128:
5032:
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4505:
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1508:
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688:
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4030:
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3167:
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584:
5611:
5020:
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3533:
3889:
4225:
3375:
1871:
792:
5671:
5080:
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4147:
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1793:
714:
4017:
3154:
1650:
571:
5803:
5212:
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3219:
1715:
636:
7038:. For the first time, the European Commission proposed that medical preparedness for CBRN attack threats is a high priority. "The European Commission's (EC) Action Plan to enhance preparedness against CBRN security risks is part of its anti-terrorism package released in October 2017, a strategy aimed at better protecting the more than 511 million citizens across the 27 member states of the European Union (EU)."
4212:
3362:
1858:
779:
4778:
6668:" of 27 members, including the President and vice-presidents. Even though each member is nominated on the basis of the suggestions made by the national governments, one per state, they do not represent their state in the commission. In practice, however, they do occasionally press for their national interest. Once proposed, the President delegates
7034:(CBRN) security risks as part of its anti-terrorism package released in October 2017. In recent times Europe has seen an increased threat level of CBRN attacks. As such, the European Commission's preparedness plan is important, said Steven Neville Chatfield, a director for the Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response in the United Kingdom's
6997:, deals with technical areas of policy and therefore ought to be removed from party politics. From this viewpoint, electoral pressures would undermine the commission's role as an independent regulator. Defenders of the Commission point out that legislation must be approved by the Council in all areas (the ministers of member states) and the
7009:
scientific evidence against biofuel subsidies. Lack of transparency, unclear lobbyist relations, conflicts of interests and excessive spending of the commission was highlighted in a number of reports by internal and independent auditing organisations. It has also been criticised on IT-related issues, particularly with regard to
6288:
enlargement in 2004 to 25 members; hence, the number of
Commissioners at the end of the Prodi Commission had reached 30. As a result of the increase in the number of states, the Amsterdam Treaty triggered a reduction in the number of Commissioners to one per state, rather than two for the larger states.
6963:
As the commission is the executive branch, candidates are chosen individually by the 27 national governments. Within the EU, the legitimacy of the commission is mainly drawn from the vote of approval that is required from the
European Parliament, along with its power to dismiss the body. Eurosceptics
6921:
As an integral part of the
Directorate-General for Communication, the Spokesperson's Service, in coordination with the Executive Communication Adviser in the President's Cabinet, supports the President and Commissioners so that they can communicate effectively. On political communication matters, the
6747:
which will question them and then vote on their suitability as a whole. If the
European Parliament submits a negative opinion of a candidate, the President must either reshuffle them or request a new candidate from the member state to avoid the college's outright rejection by the European Parliament.
6497:
Considering that under the Treaty of Lisbon, the
European Council has become a formal institution with the power of appointing the commission, it could be said that the two bodies hold the executive power of the EU (the European Council also holds individual national executive powers). However, it is
7060:
The goal of this data strategy is to create a single market for data in which data flows across the EU and across sectors while maintaining full respect for privacy and data protection, where access rules are fair, and where the
European economy benefits enormously as a global player as a result of
6810:
took office in late 2004 after being delayed by objections from the
Parliament, which forced a reshuffle. In 2007 the Commission increased from 25 to 27 members with the accession of Romania and Bulgaria who each appointed their own Commissioners. With the increasing size of the commission, Barroso
6546:
by 2050. This is opposed to weighting regulations for their effect on the economy. Thus, the
Commission often proposes stricter legislation than other countries. Owing to the size of the European market, this has made EU legislation an important influence in the global market. On February 23, 2022,
6307:
in
January 2007, this clause took effect for the next Commission. The Treaty of Lisbon, which came into force on 1 December 2009, mandated a reduction of the number of commissioners to two-thirds of member-states from 2014 unless the Council decided otherwise. Membership would rotate equally and no
6992:
may go some way to resolving the perceived deficit in creating greater democratic controls on the commission, including enshrining the procedure of linking elections to the selection of the Commission president. Historically, the commission had indeed been seen as a technocratic expert body which,
6797:
Only the President can request the resignation of an individual Commissioner. However, individual Commissioners, by request of the council or Commission, can be compelled to retire on account of a breach of obligation(s) and if so ruled by the European Court of Justice (Art. 245 and 247, Treaty on
6489:
came into force, the executive power of the EU was held by the council: it conferred on the Commission such powers for it to exercise. However, the council was allowed to withdraw these powers, exercise them directly, or impose conditions on their use. This aspect has been changed by the Treaty of
6206:
noted the work of Delors at the end of his second term in 1992: "Mr. Delors rescued the European Community from the doldrums. He arrived when Europessimism was at its worst. Although he was a little-known former French finance minister, he breathed life and hope into the EC and into the dispirited
6926:
complexity. Where there are multiple departments involved a press release can also be a source of competition between areas of the Commission and Commissioners themselves. This also leads to an unusually high number of press releases, and is seen as a unique product of the EU's political set-up.
6917:
briefings, commonly known as the "Midday Presser". It takes place every weekday in the commission's press room at the Berlaymont where journalists may ask questions to the Commission officials on any topic and legitimately expect to get an "on the record" answer for live TV. Such a situation is
6287:
became president in 2004: the Parliament once again asserted itself in objecting to the proposed membership of the Barroso Commission. Owing to this opposition, Barroso was forced to reshuffle his College before taking office. The Barroso Commission was also the first full Commission since the
6298:
Barroso's first Commission term expired on 31 October 2009. Under the Treaty of Nice, the first Commission to be appointed after the number of member states reached 27 would have to be reduced to "less than the number of Member States". The exact number of Commissioners was to be decided by a
7008:
of citizens' complaints against EU institutions, with most of them filed against the commission (66%) and concerning lack of transparency (36%). In 2010 the commission was sued for blocking access to documents on EU biofuel policy. This happened after media accused the Commission of blocking
6295:, reported alleged fraud and abuses in his department in the years 2002–2004 to OLAF, and was fired as a result. In 2008, Paul van Buitenen (the former auditor known from the Santer Commission scandal) accused the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) of a lack of independence and effectiveness.
6925:
It has been noted by one researcher that the press releases issued by the commission are uniquely political. A release often goes through several stages of drafting which emphasises the role of the commission and is used "for justifying the EU and the Commission" increasing their length and
6452:
The commission was set up from the start to act as an independent supranational authority separate from governments; it has been described as "the only body paid to think European". The members are proposed by their member state governments, one from each. However, they are bound to act
6423:
In September 2024, Von der Leyen revealed her new team of European Commissioners, marking a shift to a "leaner" and more interconnected structure. The lineup featured six executive vice-presidents (EVPs) from France, Finland, Estonia, Italy, Romania, and Spain. These EVPs, including
6472:
the commission has several responsibilities: to develop medium-term strategies; to draft legislation and arbitrate in the legislative process; to represent the EU in trade negotiations; to make rules and regulations, for example in competition policy; to draw up the
7013:. In September 2020, the European Commission put forward an Anti-Racism Action Plan to tackle the structural racism in the European Union, including measures to address the lack of racial diversity among the European decision makers in Brussels, as denounced by the
6884:
According to figures published by the commission, 23,803 persons were employed by the commission as officials and temporary agents in September 2012. In addition to these, 9230 "external staff" (e.g. Contractual agents, detached national experts, young experts,
6595:
2850:
7375:
6469:
6778:, appointed from the three largest political groups in the European Parliament. Unlike the other vice-presidents, their mission is to manage the incumbent Commission's top priority policy areas, for which they receive additional support from a dedicated
6207:
Brussels Commission. In his first term, from 1985 to 1988, he rallied Europe to the call of the single market, and when appointed to a second term he began urging Europeans toward the far more ambitious goals of economic, monetary, and political union".
7097:
to attend the Parliament's debates. The Members of the Commission and their "cabinets" (immediate teams) are also based in the Berlaymont building in Brussels. Additionally, the European Commission has in-house scientific facilities that support it in:
6134:(the United Kingdom as a large member was granted two Commissioners), which dealt with the enlarged community during economic and international instability at that time. The external representation of the Community took a step forward when President
6769:
rather than by appointment and confirmation. Commonly referred to as the 'HR/VP' position, the High Representative also coordinates commissioners' activities involving the external relations and defence cooperation of the European Union. The
10186:
on CVCE website – Multimedia website with historical information on the European integration Studies. No such material is found on the page. This page contains a legal Notice and warning about copyrighted material. Retrieved 18 April
12322:
6880:
as the different departments and Commissioners compete with each other. Furthermore, the DGs can exercise considerable control over a Commissioner with the Commissioner having little time to learn to assert control over their staff.
10877:
934:
6453:
independently – free from other influences such as those governments which appointed them. This is in contrast to the Council of the European Union, which represents governments, the European Parliament, which represents
6106:
saw a temporary increase to 14 members—although subsequent Commissions were reduced back to nine, following the formula of one member for small states and two for larger states. The Rey Commission completed the Community's
6519:. In the other fields, the Council and Parliament can request legislation; in most cases the Commission initiates on the basis of these proposals. This monopoly is designed to ensure coordinated and coherent drafting of
1162:
then nominates the other members of the Commission in agreement with the nominated President, and the 27 members as a team are then subject to a vote of approval by the European Parliament. The current Commission is the
6976:
for the position of Commission President calls the position's legitimacy into question in the eyes of some Eurosceptics. The fact that the commission can directly decide (albeit with oversight from specially formed
994:
10953:
924:
10857:
9685:
6814:
However, under Barroso, the commission began to lose ground to the larger member states as countries such as France, the UK and Germany sought to sideline its role. This has increased with the creation of the
6323:, would chair the Council of the European Union's foreign affairs meetings as well as the commission's external relations duties. The treaty further provides that the most recent European elections should be "
6490:
Lisbon, after which the Commission exercises its powers just by virtue of the treaties. Powers are more restricted than most national executives, in part due to the commission's lack of power over areas like
9862:
8462:
6514:
in the EU. Only the commission can make formal proposals for legislation: they cannot originate in the legislative branches. Under the Treaty of Lisbon, no legislative act is allowed in the field of the
954:
1359:
9089:
6760:
6316:
5462:
1009:
6680:, who holds a highly visible position with global reach. Before the commission can assume office, the college as a whole must be approved by the Parliament. Commissioners are supported by their
1384:). The High Authority was the supranational administrative executive of the new European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). It took office first on 10 August 1952 in Luxembourg City. In 1958, the
10827:
2267:
2035:
889:
8329:
8259:
6582:, from a European ship, prompted the commission to look into legislation against toxic waste. at that time did not even have a crime against shipping toxic waste; this led the Commissioners
1123:, informally known as "Commissioners") headed by a President. It includes an administrative body of about 32,000 European civil servants. The commission is divided into departments known as
12766:
10902:
6444:
as EVP for Tech Sovereignty and Digital Technologies. The Commission also introduced new roles like the Commissioner for Defence and Security and the Commissioner for the Mediterranean.
1449:, his Commission stamped its authority solidly enough to allow future Commissions to be taken more seriously. In 1965, however, accumulating differences between the French government of
12771:
7531:
1396:(Euratom). However, their executives were called "Commissions" rather than "High Authorities". The reason for the change in name was the new relationship between the executives and the
12481:
10938:
7258:
1400:. Some states, such as France, expressed reservations over the power of the High Authority and wished to limit it by giving more power to the Council rather than the new executives.
12186:
10948:
7848:"Second report on Reform of the Commission. Analysis of current practice and proposals for tackling mismanagement, irregularities, and fraud. Committee of Independent Experts, 1999"
6266:
took office. The Amsterdam Treaty had increased the commission's powers and Prodi was dubbed by the press as something akin to a Prime Minister. Powers were strengthened again; the
2512:
959:
7426:
11071:
10852:
6606:
Once legislation is passed by the Council and Parliament, it is the commission's responsibility to ensure it is implemented. It does this through the member states or through its
909:
9042:
6477:; and to scrutinise the implementation of the treaties and legislation. The rules of procedure of the European Commission set out the commission's operation and organisation.
2458:
2415:
2407:
10692:
6400:
on 16 July 2019, following her confirmation. She had not been considered a likely candidate (in general, the elected candidate is determined, according to the results of the
1352:
12776:
11585:
10714:
10224:
9738:
5927:
10202:
6420:
declared a list of candidate-commissioners, which are sent to Brussels by the governments of each member state and which had to be officially approved by the parliament.
904:
9407:
6598:, and on an amendment to the 2002 counter-terrorism framework decision, outlawing terrorism‑related incitement, recruitment (especially via the internet) and training.
12454:
6673:
1433:. It achieved agreement on a contentious cereal price accord, as well as making a positive impression upon third countries when it made its international debut at the
9689:
12181:
10817:
9788:
8047:
7400:
6890:
6739:
is proposed by their member state (except for those states who provided the President and High Representative) in consultation with the Commission President and the
2543:
1911:
869:
8308:
12659:
11694:
9712:
7665:
6610:. In adopting the necessary technical measures, the commission is assisted by committees made up of representatives of member states and of the public and private
6077:
2498:
1345:
8969:
10253:
8436:
7094:
6910:
1373:
1312:
9854:
6893:, with a 2309-strong staff, while the largest group by nationality is Belgian (18.7%), probably due to a majority (17,664) of staff being based in the country.
12848:
10892:
10842:
8458:
7171:
7139:
6192:
The Commission headed by Jacques Delors was seen as giving the Community a sense of direction and dynamism. Delors and his College are also considered as the "
2503:
979:
899:
7001:
in most areas before it can be adopted, thus the amount of legislation which is adopted in any one country without the approval of its government is limited.
12493:
12341:
11491:
6958:
4766:
2225:
10069:
8829:
7609:
7583:
7317:
12171:
11076:
10981:
10035:
8191:
6225:. As a result of a fraud and corruption scandal, the entire Santer Commission was forced by the Parliament to resign in 1999; a central role was played by
944:
7910:
7769:
7635:
12022:
11846:
11557:
11250:
11245:
11240:
9903:
8218:
7717:
5290:
2614:
8073:
10907:
10872:
10837:
7557:
6174:
2712:
1959:
984:
9373:
8101:
12393:
12352:
12306:
10897:
9203:
3444:
2760:
999:
9654:
8333:
7687:
6629:
In particular the commission has a duty to ensure the treaties and law are upheld, potentially by taking member states or other institutions to the
10707:
10217:
9765:
8905:
8255:
6676:
has been growing in importance, in line with the rise in the importance of education and culture in European policy-making. Another example is the
6548:
6530:
The commission's powers in proposing law have usually centred on economic regulation. It has put forward a large number of regulations based on a "
6494: – that power is held by the Council of the European Union and the European Council, which some analysts have described as another executive.
6327:" when appointing the President of the European Commission, and although they are still proposed by the European Council; the European Parliament "
2652:
2574:
2468:
6375:
11689:
11195:
10676:
8764:
8410:
5921:
2889:
2394:
1004:
7207:
6534:". This means that pre-emptive regulation takes place if there is a credible hazard to the environment or human health: for example on tackling
11137:
10996:
10912:
10867:
10722:
9496:
6292:
989:
939:
8528:
11751:
11255:
10887:
10847:
9969:
8576:
7527:
7176:
6886:
2261:
1947:
1403:
974:
9936:
9340:
8702:
12135:
11604:
11443:
11438:
11433:
11056:
11023:
11001:
10232:
7254:
6866:
6432:, were tasked with overseeing various clusters of Commissioners and steering key policy areas such as prosperity, security, and democracy.
6312:
6070:
2707:
2355:
1445:
and started to have a notable impact on national legislation. Little heed was taken of his administration at first but, with help from the
10196:
9286:
12654:
12270:
11667:
11046:
10963:
10700:
10210:
8237:
6713:
5917:
4814:
2559:
2493:
2483:
2013:
1991:
1885:
8550:
7422:
6115:. Despite Rey being the first President of the combined communities, Hallstein is seen as the first President of the modern Commission.
13507:
12841:
12464:
12176:
12150:
12049:
11547:
9796:
8663:
5939:
2622:
1983:
1935:
1899:
9230:
8157:
7452:
7077:
The commission's political seat is in Brussels with the President's office and the commission's meeting room on the 13th floor of the
6672:
among each of the members. The power of a Commissioner largely depends upon their portfolio, and can vary over time. For example, the
6579:
12786:
11746:
11640:
8285:
7997:
7310:"European Council Decision of 27 June 2014 proposing to the European Parliament a candidate for President of the European Commission"
6775:
6756:
6320:
4834:
2988:
2662:
2602:
2340:
2165:
2027:
2005:
1971:
12582:
12577:
9034:
8724:
2975:
13512:
12503:
12425:
11260:
11041:
10092:
7287:
6929:
There is a larger press corps in Brussels than Washington, D.C.; in 2020, media outlets in every Union member-state had a Brussels
6743:, who formally adopts the list of candidates. The President's proposed College of Commissioners is then subject to hearings at the
6367:, as his chief of cabinet. During the Juncker presidency Selmayr has been described as "the most powerful EU chief of staff ever."
5902:
5411:
4829:
9535:
8875:
8846:
8609:
8360:
7851:
6412:
had won the European Parliament election, they had performed worse than expected and therefore nominated von der Leyen instead of
12675:
12530:
12444:
10792:
9446:
6876:
There has been criticism from a number of people that the highly fragmented DG structure wastes a considerable amount of time in
6634:
6063:
5872:
5567:
5455:
1489:
919:
9742:
1197:, the commission has undergone numerous changes in power and composition under various presidents, involving three Communities.
12054:
11967:
11811:
11776:
11645:
11577:
11468:
11463:
11458:
11453:
11402:
11235:
11061:
11051:
10933:
10822:
7792:
6964:
have therefore raised the concern of the relatively low turnout (often less than 50%) in elections for the European Parliament
6669:
6436:
was appointed despite criticism from European socialists over his hard-right affiliations. Other notable appointments included
6304:
5837:
5827:
2958:
2894:
2747:
2727:
2717:
2640:
2522:
2441:
1438:
964:
879:
10190:
8801:
6759:
from among the commissioners. Vice-Presidents manage policy areas involving multiple Commissioners. One of these includes the
6050:
12834:
12748:
12719:
12604:
12498:
12301:
11650:
11572:
11542:
11393:
11066:
10971:
10139:
9415:
9317:
8953:
7964:
7933:
7831:
7506:
6677:
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5355:
5330:
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884:
12644:
12599:
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11741:
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11635:
11552:
11312:
10991:
10681:
10666:
10240:
8024:
7353:
6705:
6633:
in a dispute. In this role it is known informally as the "Guardian of the Treaties". Finally, the Commission provides some
6401:
5967:
5912:
5887:
5867:
5862:
5832:
5735:
5318:
5072:
4799:
4792:
2550:
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2330:
2123:
1923:
1143:
820:
10183:
9800:
9169:
8051:
7396:
12756:
12714:
12459:
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12032:
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11188:
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10832:
10787:
8488:
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5892:
5882:
5847:
5842:
5345:
3423:
2998:
2933:
1019:
949:
894:
7739:
7657:
7053:
The European Commission issued a new multi-year data plan in February 2020 pushing the digitalization of all aspects of
6728:. If the European Parliament fails to elect the candidate, the European Council shall propose another within one month.
6567:
is expected to be officially adopted in 2024 and then be incorporated into domestic laws within two years by all of the
6291:
Allegations of fraud and corruption were again raised in 2004 by former chief auditor Jules Muis. A Commission officer,
12624:
12364:
12359:
12096:
11613:
11567:
11537:
11478:
11370:
11277:
11222:
11036:
9716:
6638:
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5957:
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5482:
4771:
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2060:
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444:
9497:"The democratic credentials of the new European Union: does the Constitution increase the EU's democratic legitimacy?"
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to the north in 1973. With that enlargement, the College of Commissioners membership increased to thirteen under the
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and later Walter Hallstein the EEC presidency, despite his otherwise being viewed as the most 'dynamic' leader until
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Where Have the Guardians Gone? Law Enforcement and the Politics of Supranational Forbearance in the European Union
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6933:. Although there has been a worldwide cut in journalists, the considerable press releases and operations such as
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1250:
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6968:. While that figure may be higher than that of some national elections, including the off-year elections of the
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6981:) on the shape and character of implementing legislation further raises concerns about democratic legitimacy.
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Even though democratic structures and methods are changing there is not such a mirror in creating a European
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8836: – Aparicio Caicedo, analyst, Gertrude Ryan Law Observeratory, opinion piece in Legal Today magazine.
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to put forward the idea of "ecological crimes". Their right to propose criminal law was challenged in the
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11375:
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6873:. The rules of procedure of the European Commission set out the commission's operation and organisation.
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but upheld. As of 2007, the only other criminal law proposals which have been brought forward are on the
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was appointed as President of the European Commission. She submitted the guidelines of her policy to the
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The European Commission organized a video conference of world leaders on 4 May 2020 to raise funds for
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6270:, signed in 2001, gave the Presidents more power over the composition of the College of Commissioners.
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See paragraphs 7, 8 & 13 of the Presidency conclusions of the European Council on 13/14 March 2008
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6720:(any person from the largest party can be picked); that candidate then faces a formal election in the
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and the other member states on various subjects (British entry, direct elections to Parliament, the
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was European Commissioner for Education, Culture, Multilingualism and Youth between 2010 and 2014.
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Once the college is approved by parliament, it is formally appointed following a QMV vote by the
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adopted a more presidential style of control over the college, which earned him some criticism.
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8664:"The Citizens' Right of Initiative in the European Constitution: A Second Chance for Democracy"
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8945:
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8234:
7498:
7492:
7453:"De-commissioning the Empty Chair Crisis: the Community institutions and the crisis of 1965–6"
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1116:
969:
851:
13375:
10093:"After 13 years of hold-ups and incompetence, the EU's 'Berlaymonster' rises like a phoenix"
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1193:, French Foreign Minister, on 9 May 1950. Originating in 1951 as the High Authority in the
1147:
825:
13367:
13240:
9713:"/EU Commission Expenses: Cocktail parties, private jets, luxury away-days and limousines"
9468:
Rhinard, Mark (2002). "The Democratic Legitimacy of the European Union Committee System".
8389:
Hix, Simon (1999) "The political system of the European Union" MacMillan, Basingstoke. p32
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8:
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The European Parliament can dissolve the College of Commissioners as a whole following a
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to represent the general interest of the EU as a whole rather than their home state. The
1124:
1088:
841:
628:
311:
266:
13423:
10102:
9528:"Das Demokratiedefizit der Europäischen Union. Geschichtswissenschaftliche Perspektiven"
8643:
Anne-Cécile Robert (March 2009) "Et la crise sociale a rattrapé le Parlement européen",
7283:
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oversaw the Community's enlargement to the south, in addition to beginning work on the
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10557:
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10366:
10135:
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9013:
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7827:
7502:
7349:
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6941:
leads many news organisations to believe they can cover the EU from these source and
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1918:
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The European Commission derives from one of the five key institutions created in the
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Peterson, John and Michael Shackelton (2006) "Institutions of European Union" p152.
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9309:
7875:"The resignation of the Santer-Commission: the impact of 'trust' and 'reputation'"
6363:
Juncker appointed his previous campaign director and head of the transition team,
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2578:
13415:
13343:
13216:
13148:
12906:
12265:
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10283:
10097:
9035:"Ursula von der Leyen's EU nomination is a win for Emmanuel Macron DW 05.07.2019"
8935:
8833:
8695:"EU/China/US climate survey shows public optimism about reversing climate change"
8241:
8222:
8137:
7488:
7271:
The Commission is steered by a group of 28 Commissioners, known as 'the college'.
7242:
Informally, the appointed members of the Commission are known as 'Commissioners'.
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6973:
6922:
chief spokesperson reports directly to the President of the European Commission.
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7497:. Translated by Ian Connerty (1st ed.). Tielt, Belgium: Lannoo. pp.
13491:
13391:
13335:
13327:
13168:
13117:
13080:
13072:
12980:
12311:
10130:. Translated by Ian Connerty (1st ed.). Tielt, Belgium: Lannoo. p.
9899:
9686:"Analysis: EU Commission expenses highlight lack of transparency in Brussels"
9500:
9403:
8944:. Translated by Ian Connerty (1st ed.). Tielt, Belgium: Lannoo. p.
7969:
7743:
6985:
6930:
6618:"). Furthermore, the commission is responsible for the implementation of the
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as well as establishing processes and standards to diminish these risks. The
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6413:
6236:
That was the first time a College of Commissioners had been forced to resign
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5469:
4735:
4264:
3903:
3822:
3750:
2568:
2117:
1434:
1244:
10277:
9887:"World Leaders Join to Pledge $ 8 Billion for Vaccine as U.S. Goes It Alone"
9855:"European anti-terrorism package prioritizes CBRN preparedness, expert says"
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The European Commission has an Action Plan to enhance preparedness against
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6556:
6303:, and membership would rotate equally between member states. Following the
6263:
6155:
5257:
3810:
3774:
3762:
2909:
Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations
2099:
1465:. Although the institutional crisis was solved the following year, it cost
1454:
1414:
11173:
7965:"Commentary: Romano Prodi: Europe's First Prime Minister? (int'l edition)"
7874:
13351:
13160:
13109:
13035:
13001:
12951:
12898:
11729:
11622:
10498:
10264:
8489:"Evolution of the European Council: The implications of a permanent seat"
7111:
7073:
Headquarters of the European Commission in Brussels (Berlaymont building)
6942:
6913:. The commission's chief spokesperson is Eric Mamer who holds the midday
6498:
the Commission that currently holds most of the executive power over the
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1377:
706:
9823:
9144:"[Comment] Power is slipping from the commission to the council"
6901:
6755:
Following the college's appointment, the President appoints a number of
6510:
The Commission differs from the other institutions in that it alone has
1131:
each headed by a Director-General who is responsible to a Commissioner.
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1759:
680:
8309:"Ursula von der Leyen unveils proposed team of European Commissioners"
6959:
Democratic legitimacy of the European Union § European Commission
407:
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11768:
11699:
7115:
7010:
6731:
Following the selection of the President, and the appointment of the
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4100:
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3250:
2446:
1746:
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9655:"Special Report – Europe finds politics and biofuels don't mix"
8330:"Interview with European Commission Secretary-General Catherine Day"
12398:
12255:
12140:
10976:
10173:
10158:
8185:"Brussels European Council 21/22 June 2007: Presidency Conclusions"
8102:"Rejection may undermine EU's effectiveness, warns Swedish premier"
7934:"Prodi to Have Wide, New Powers as Head of the European Commission"
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5778:
5754:
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5199:
5187:
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6098:, they were combined into a single administration under President
1441:(GATT) negotiations. Hallstein notably began the consolidation of
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10878:
Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union
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7143:
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Agencies, decentralised independent bodies and joint undertakings
2402:
1978:
1930:
1894:
1824:
1694:
1668:
1642:
1629:
1616:
1577:
1551:
1538:
1507:
1470:
935:
Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union
745:
615:
589:
563:
550:
537:
498:
472:
459:
9994:
9929:"Does This Change Everything? Coronavirus and your private data"
9256:
9143:
6555:
for companies to identify actual or potential risks and harm to
6182:, one of the most notable presidents in the commission's history
11506:
7209:
How the European Union works: Your guide to the EU institutions
7107:
6645:. It is also usual for the President to attend meetings of the
6342:, said to have toned down enforcement to increase integration.
6138:, recruited to the presidency in January 1977 from his role as
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5682:
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1966:
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797:
719:
654:
602:
576:
511:
10747:
Table of European Commission Directorates-General and Services
10161:
European Commission welcome page – Retrieved 12 May 2016.
10050:
9560:
Majone, Giandomenico (2002). "Perils of Parliamentarization".
6317:
High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy
9196:"La Commission européenne a une nouvelle secrétaire générale"
8182:
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7103:
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1429:, holding the first formal meeting on 16 January 1958 at the
1204:
784:
693:
641:
9227:"Former EU Mandarin Spills the Beans on Commission Intrigue"
7286:(Press release). Brussels: European Commission. 3 May 2010.
7284:"European Commission swears oath to respect the EU Treaties"
6542:. The European Commission has committed EU member states to
5928:
Post-Brexit United Kingdom relations with the European Union
1388:
had established two new communities alongside the ECSC: the
1372:
The first Commission originated in 1951 as the nine-member "
13283:
12145:
9824:"In a messy world, EU's clout depends on respecting values"
7123:
6197:
2718:
Economic and Financial Affairs configuration of the Council
8459:"Implementing powers of the Council of the European Union"
6126:
followed with work on monetary co-operation and the first
12323:
European Judicial Network in civil and commercial matters
11052:
Infrastructures and Logistics (Brussels & Luxembourg)
10954:
European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations
9257:"EU carefully manages PR through 1000s of press releases"
7606:"Discover the former Presidents: The Malfatti Commission"
7580:"Discover the former Presidents: The Mansholt Commission"
6949:
on 20 December 2013, though the decision was criticised.
5980:
925:
European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations
9739:"Ex-commissioners face conflict of interest accusations"
9715:. The Bureau of Investigative Journalism. Archived from
8025:"Auditor blames politicians for EC waste and corruption"
7391:
7389:
7387:
7385:
7383:
12856:
8282:"European Commission press release of 9 September 2019"
8216:
The curious case of the EU's disappearing infringements
7907:"Discover the former Presidents: The Santer Commission"
7766:"Discover the former Presidents: The Delors Commission"
7632:"Discover the former Presidents: The Ortoli Commission"
6646:
6147:
1314:
High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community
1154:(the 27 heads of state/governments) and elected by the
11313:
International Authority for the Ruhr (1949–1951)
8804:. European Commission. 6 November 2007. Archived from
8355:
8353:
8351:
7714:"Discover the former Presidents: The Thorn Commission"
7172:
European Free Trade Association Surveillance Authority
7057:
society for the benefit of civic and economic growth.
6688:(the DGs, see below) deal with technical preparation.
1070:
9962:"Strategy for Data | Shaping Europe's digital future"
9090:"The Working Methods of the von der Leyen Commission"
8975:. Council of the European Union. 2008. Archived from
7824:
Blowing the Whistle: Fraud in the European Commission
7380:
6700:
Floor 13 of the Berlaymont, Commission's meeting room
6229:. These frauds were revealed by an internal auditor,
6111:
in 1968 and campaigned for a more powerful, elected,
1189:
European Community system, following the proposal of
1169:
European Parliament elections in May of the same year
11371:
European Monetary Cooperation Fund (1973–1994)
10858:
Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs
9883:
8152:
8150:
7554:"Discover the former Presidents: The Rey Commission"
7348:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 99–100, 118.
7153:
6853:
The commission is divided into departments known as
6461:, which represents organised civil society, and the
1167:, which took office in December 2019, following the
955:
Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs
11403:
European Financial Stability Mechanism (2010–
11318:
European Coal and Steel Community (1951–2002)
9884:Stevis-Gridneff, Matina; Jakes, Lara (4 May 2020).
8970:"Brussels European Council, Presidency Conclusions"
8348:
8074:"Paul van Buitenen: Alleged irregularities in OLAF"
7205:
6637:for the Union, alongside the member states and the
6465:, which represents local and regional authorities.
6146:government, became the first President to attend a
11394:European Financial Stability Facility (2010–
10176:of the European Commission are consultable at the
10127:Life of a European Mandarin: Inside the Commission
9885:
9621:
9588:
9555:
9553:
9005:
8941:Life of a European Mandarin: Inside the Commission
8786:Charter, David (2007). "A new legal environment".
8754:
8522:"Executive Power in the New European Constitution"
7522:
7520:
7518:
7494:Life of a European Mandarin: Inside the Commission
7415:
7371:
7369:
7367:
7365:
6889:etc.) were employed. The single largest DG is the
6763:, who is automatically one of the Vice-Presidents
1288:Commission of the European Atomic Energy Community
9995:"What is GDPR, the EU's new data protection law?"
9590:"EU citizens complain about lack of transparency"
9250:
9248:
8779:
8361:"Institutions of the EU: The European Commission"
8147:
7821:
7740:"The new Commission – some initial thoughts"
7146:, a Commission site is hosting part of DG Santè.
6150:summit on behalf of the Community. Following the
13489:
8048:"Guido Strack – the downfall of a whistleblower"
7784:
6580:toxic waste spill off the coast of Côte d'Ivoire
6574:Recently the commission has moved into creating
6549:Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive
6416:, their original candidate. On 9 September, the
2713:Committee on Budgetary Control of the Parliament
317:
272:
12767:Largest cities by population within city limits
10828:Communications Networks, Content and Technology
9763:
9550:
9117:"EU commission sees civil servants' power grow"
8403:"Rules of procedure of the European Commission"
7793:"A Bit More Delors Could Revamp the Commission"
7515:
7362:
6909:Communication with the press is handled by the
6641:, representing the Union in bodies such as the
6094:, co-existed until 1 July 1967 when, under the
2890:European Institute of Innovation and Technology
1992:Countries with suspended accession negotiations
890:Communications Networks, Content and Technology
212:
47:
10853:Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Inclusion
10254:High Authority of the Coal and Steel Community
10165:Access to documents of the European Commission
9245:
8899:
8897:
8183:Council of the European Union (20 June 2007).
7337:
7335:
7032:chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear
6244:and the euro. In response to the scandal, the
332:
137:
62:
12842:
11376:European Monetary Institute (1994–1998)
11331:European Economic Community (1958–1993)
11189:
10708:
10218:
9402:
8802:"Counter‑terrorism – EU steps up a gear"
8332:. EurActiv. 25 September 2006. Archived from
7598:
7572:
7177:List of European Commissioners by nationality
6360:became President of the European Commission.
6071:
1353:
1326:Commission of the European Economic Community
392:
377:
362:
287:
257:
242:
152:
122:
11349:European Atomic Energy Community (est. 1958)
9341:"As the E.U. Does More, Fewer Tell About It"
8612:. Centre for European Reform. Archived from
6857:(DGs) that can be likened to departments or
6684:who give them political guidance, while the
6664:The commission is composed of a "College of
6440:as EVP for Foreign and Security Policy, and
6313:European Commissioner for External Relations
1127:(DGs) that can be likened to departments or
347:
302:
182:
167:
92:
11203:
9766:"Be careful what you write, Eurocrats told"
8894:
8482:
8480:
8253:
8131:Czechs prepare for possible second Irish No
7899:
7758:
7624:
7446:
7444:
7332:
7093:, the Commissioners also meet there in the
6993:akin with institutions such as independent
6952:
6657:For members of the current Commission, see
6652:
4815:Political groups of the European Parliament
2886:Decentralised independent bodies of the EU
227:
197:
107:
77:
12849:
12835:
12050:Mechanism for Cooperation and Verification
11196:
11182:
10715:
10701:
10225:
10211:
9310:"The peculiar world of the European Union"
9114:
8254:HERSZENHORN, DAVID M. (17 November 2016).
7706:
7658:"1977: Jenkins quits Commons for Brussels"
6823:. There has also been a greater degree of
6525:a petition carrying one million signatures
6470:Article 17 of the Treaty on European Union
6338:The Barroso Commission is, in reaction to
6078:
6064:
1360:
1346:
995:Neighbourhood and Enlargement Negotiations
10949:International Cooperation and Development
10939:Neighborhood and Enlargement Negotiations
10350:Commission of the Atomic Energy Community
10032:European Commission – European Commission
9789:"The EU and Microsoft's 20-year marriage"
9525:
9371:
9142:Iey Berry, Peter Sain (18 January 2008).
9141:
8870:
8868:
8284:. European Commission. 9 September 2019.
7742:. Burson-Marsteller. 2004. Archived from
7004:In 2009 the European ombudsman published
6774:also created the position of more senior
6505:
6331:" candidates to the office, rather than "
6090:The three bodies, collectively named the
2989:Publications Office of the European Union
1091:building, seat of the European Commission
960:International Cooperation and Development
12504:European Structural and Investment Funds
12426:European System of Financial Supervision
11291:Western European Union (1954–2011)
9786:
9652:
8903:
8658:
8477:
8397:
8395:
8247:
7546:
7441:
7068:
6900:
6840:
6798:the Functioning of the European Union).
6695:
6374:
6173:
5412:European System of Financial Supervision
2708:Internal Audit Service of the Commission
1402:
1082:
910:Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion
10652:Von der Leyen Commission II, since 2024
10022:
10020:
9741:. EurActiv. 14 May 2010. Archived from
9494:
9467:
9032:
8785:
8519:
8307:Jones, Mared Gwyn (17 September 2024).
7962:
7790:
7341:
7050:development. US$ 8 billion was raised.
6447:
6370:
5918:United Kingdom–European Union relations
3843:Non Euro countries relationship to Euro
1410:, the first President of the Commission
13490:
11968:European Economic and Social Committee
11777:Court of Justice of the European Union
11301:European Communities (1967–2009)
10934:Service for Foreign Policy Instruments
10123:
10090:
9989:
9987:
9619:
9586:
9559:
9538:from the original on 24 September 2019
9495:Lamming, Richard (10 September 2004).
9436:
9338:
9254:
9003:
8934:
8865:
8790:. People Power Process. pp. 23–5.
8608:Murray, Alasdair (30 September 2002).
8607:
8577:"The Commission's right of initiative"
8288:from the original on 10 September 2019
8158:"The Union's institutions: Commission"
8022:
7995:
7880:. European Integration Online Papers.
7487:
7450:
7403:from the original on 28 September 2016
7376:Treaty on European Union: Article 17:7
7081:. The commission also operates out of
6716:(QMV), taking into account the latest
6596:intellectual property rights directive
6547:the European Commission published the
6345:
6273:
5940:United States–European Union relations
2959:European Economic and Social Committee
1439:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
1295:Commission of the European Communities
16:Executive branch of the European Union
12830:
12605:Stabilisation and Association Process
12302:Area of freedom, security and justice
11177:
10696:
10206:
9956:
9954:
9923:
9921:
9852:
9821:
9787:Hourdaux, Jérôme (17 December 2013).
9307:
9233:from the original on 23 December 2007
9224:
9172:. Europa (web portal). Archived from
9115:Beunderman, Mark (22 February 2007).
8878:. Europa (web portal). Archived from
8849:. Europa (web portal). Archived from
8582:. Europa (web portal). Archived from
8553:. Europa (web portal). Archived from
8487:Stark, Christine (4 September 2002).
8486:
8413:from the original on 30 November 2020
8392:
8306:
8160:. Europa (web portal). Archived from
8099:
7931:
7873:Topan, Angelina (30 September 2002).
7872:
7690:. European Commission. Archived from
7320:from the original on 25 February 2021
7261:from the original on 11 November 2020
6626:, that EU funds are correctly spent.
5963:European Union and the United Nations
5495:Foreign relations of EU member states
13470:and the Jewish communities in Europe
12600:European Union Association Agreement
11336:European Community (1993–2009)
10682:President of the European Parliament
10406:Commission of the Economic Community
10017:
9710:
9683:
9620:Willis, Andrew (21 September 2010).
9449:from the original on 9 February 2006
9437:Mulvey, Stephen (21 November 2003).
9289:from the original on 19 October 2012
9123:from the original on 23 October 2007
8767:from the original on 12 October 2007
8729:Climate Action – European Commission
8705:from the original on 20 October 2021
8692:
8090:See the attached Protocol, Article 4
8045:
7913:from the original on 23 October 2007
7772:from the original on 23 October 2007
7720:from the original on 23 October 2007
7668:from the original on 10 January 2008
7638:from the original on 22 October 2007
7612:from the original on 23 October 2007
7586:from the original on 23 October 2007
7560:from the original on 22 October 2007
7089:. When the Parliament is meeting in
7083:numerous other buildings in Brussels
7041:
6869:. The position is currently held by
6825:politicisation within the Commission
6794:, which requires a two-thirds vote.
6335:" them as under the Treaty of Nice.
5968:European Union Association Agreement
5903:Switzerland–European Union relations
4800:Elections to the European Parliament
1480:
1461:, ostensibly over proposals for the
11929:European Data Protection Supervisor
11231:Ideas of European unity before 1948
10639:Von der Leyen Commission, 2019–2024
9984:
9623:"EU sued over lack of transparency"
9532:Themenportal Europäische Geschichte
9218:
8322:
7998:"We have to democratise procedures"
7963:Rossant, John (27 September 1999).
7276:
6891:Directorate-General for Translation
6801:
5873:Kazakhstan–European Union relations
3424:Nuclear power in the European Union
2999:European Personnel Selection Office
2934:European Data Protection Supervisor
2895:European Public Prosecutor's Office
13:
12625:EU Strategy for the South Caucasus
12365:Common Security and Defence Policy
12360:Common Foreign and Security Policy
11037:European Political Strategy Centre
10038:from the original on 28 April 2018
10005:from the original on 27 April 2021
9951:
9918:
9865:from the original on 13 April 2020
9045:from the original on 25 March 2022
8731:. 23 November 2016. Archived from
8465:from the original on 5 August 2020
8439:from the original on 5 August 2020
8262:from the original on 27 March 2017
8046:Beck, Sebastien (6 October 2011).
7887:from the original on 12 March 2004
7791:Merritt, Giles (21 January 1992).
7429:from the original on 1 August 2020
6639:Common Foreign and Security Policy
6517:Common Foreign and Security Policy
6480:
6311:Lisbon also combined the posts of
6027:Convention on the Future of Europe
5958:Microstates and the European Union
5838:Australia–European Union relations
5828:Argentina–European Union relations
4776:
4772:Microstates and the European Union
4353:
4321:Non-Schengen area EU member states
3887:
3428:
2061:Withdrawal from the European Union
14:
13524:
13508:Organizations established in 1967
12394:Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)
11991:European Union Military Committee
11963:European Committee of the Regions
11014:Structural Reform Support Service
10818:Agriculture and Rural Development
10672:President of the European Council
10152:
10091:Castle, Stephen (5 August 2004).
10072:from the original on 10 July 2016
9822:Islam, Shada (16 December 2020).
9764:Sarah McInerney (18 April 2009).
9339:Castle, Stephen (21 March 2010).
9255:Mahony, Honor (17 October 2007).
9225:Amies, Nick (21 September 2007).
9206:from the original on 31 July 2020
8531:from the original on 31 July 2020
8197:from the original on 27 June 2007
8100:Smyth, Jamie (5 September 2009).
7996:Tobais, Troll (2 November 2004).
7290:from the original on 21 July 2019
7255:"How the Commission is organised"
7025:
6911:Directorate-General Communication
6830:
6817:President of the European Council
6551:which establishes a framework of
6305:accession of Romania and Bulgaria
6210:
6169:
6005:European Coal and Steel Community
2969:European Union Military Committee
2954:European Committee of the Regions
2857:Decentralised agencies of the EU
2585:Member of the European Parliament
2256:Abandoned treaties and agreements
1195:European Coal and Steel Community
1138:, but members are bound by their
870:Agriculture and Rural Development
12370:Permanent Structured Cooperation
11986:Political and Security Committee
11873:European Atomic Energy Community
11156:
10801:
10724:
10234:
10117:
10084:
9972:from the original on 7 June 2021
9939:from the original on 7 June 2021
9634:from the original on 18 May 2012
9601:from the original on 18 May 2012
9408:"Presseurop's role is essential"
9263:from the original on 21 May 2008
9150:from the original on 5 June 2011
7854:from the original on 9 June 2017
7534:from the original on 8 July 2017
7156:
6724:. Thus this serves as a form of
6321:Vice-President of the Commission
6038:
5913:Ukraine–European Union relations
5888:Moldova–European Union relations
5868:Iceland–European Union relations
5863:Georgia–European Union relations
5833:Armenia–European Union relations
5813:
5801:
5789:
5777:
5765:
5753:
5741:
5729:
5717:
5705:
5693:
5681:
5669:
5657:
5645:
5633:
5621:
5609:
5597:
5585:
5573:
5561:
5549:
5537:
5525:
5513:
5501:
5222:
5210:
5198:
5186:
5174:
5162:
5150:
5138:
5126:
5114:
5102:
5090:
5078:
5066:
5054:
5042:
5030:
5018:
5006:
4994:
4982:
4970:
4958:
4946:
4934:
4922:
4910:
4741:
4728:
4715:
4695:
4683:
4671:
4659:
4647:
4635:
4623:
4611:
4599:
4587:
4575:
4563:
4551:
4539:
4527:
4515:
4503:
4491:
4479:
4467:
4455:
4443:
4431:
4418:
4406:
4394:
4382:
4340:
4327:
4314:Visa policy of the Schengen Area
4283:
4270:
4257:
4244:
4223:
4210:
4197:
4184:
4171:
4158:
4145:
4132:
4119:
4106:
4093:
4080:
4067:
4054:
4041:
4028:
4015:
4002:
3989:
3976:
3963:
3950:
3937:
3924:
3911:
3816:
3804:
3792:
3780:
3768:
3756:
3744:
3717:
3687:
3675:
3663:
3651:
3639:
3627:
3615:
3603:
3591:
3579:
3567:
3555:
3543:
3531:
3519:
3507:
3495:
3483:
3471:
3459:
3408:
3395:
3373:
3360:
3347:
3334:
3321:
3308:
3295:
3282:
3269:
3256:
3243:
3230:
3217:
3204:
3191:
3178:
3165:
3152:
3139:
3126:
3113:
3100:
3087:
3074:
3061:
3048:
3035:
2994:European External Action Service
2964:Political and Security Committee
2871:European Supervisory Authorities
2401:
2248:European Economic Area Agreement
2021:
1999:
1977:
1965:
1953:
1941:
1929:
1917:
1905:
1893:
1869:
1856:
1843:
1830:
1817:
1804:
1791:
1778:
1765:
1752:
1739:
1726:
1713:
1700:
1687:
1674:
1661:
1648:
1635:
1622:
1609:
1596:
1583:
1570:
1557:
1544:
1531:
1506:
1394:European Atomic Energy Community
1200:
790:
777:
764:
751:
738:
725:
712:
699:
686:
673:
660:
647:
634:
621:
608:
595:
582:
569:
556:
543:
530:
517:
504:
491:
478:
465:
452:
406:
13513:Organisations based in Brussels
12772:National parties by affiliation
12615:Euronest Parliamentary Assembly
12595:Economic Partnership Agreements
11286:Western Union (1948–1954)
9906:from the original on 4 May 2020
9877:
9846:
9834:from the original on 7 May 2021
9815:
9780:
9757:
9731:
9704:
9677:
9646:
9613:
9587:Mahony, Honor (27 April 2009).
9580:
9519:
9488:
9461:
9439:"The EU's democratic challenge"
9430:
9396:
9365:
9332:
9320:from the original on 9 May 2007
9301:
9275:
9188:
9162:
9135:
9108:
9082:
9057:
9026:
8997:
8962:
8928:
8904:Lungescu, Oana (23 July 2004).
8839:
8820:
8794:
8747:
8717:
8686:
8652:
8637:
8628:
8601:
8569:
8551:"Glossary: Right of initiative"
8543:
8513:
8451:
8425:
8383:
8300:
8274:
8228:
8209:
8176:
8124:
8093:
8084:
8066:
8039:
8016:
7989:
7956:
7925:
7866:
7840:
7815:
7732:
7680:
7650:
7481:
7423:"Council of the European Union"
6614:(a process known in jargon as "
6251:
5908:Turkey–European Union relations
5898:Russia–European Union relations
5893:Norway–European Union relations
5883:Mexico–European Union relations
5848:Canada–European Union relations
5843:Brazil–European Union relations
5368:Passports of the European Union
4358:Schengen Area from January 2023
12875:Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi
12777:Presidents of the institutions
12573:European Higher Education Area
12151:International status and usage
11945:Agencies of the European Union
11678:European political foundations
10893:Maritime Affairs and Fisheries
10843:Economic and Financial Affairs
10199:. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
9711:Barr, Caelainn (1 June 2011).
9684:Barr, Caelainn (1 June 2011).
9653:Harrison, Pete (5 July 2010).
9283:"Civil Service: Staff figures"
8610:"Reform now or languish later"
7932:James, Barry (16 April 1999).
7302:
7247:
7199:
7020:
6735:by the European Council, each
6691:
6601:
6540:genetically modified organisms
5878:Japan–European Union relations
5853:China–European Union relations
3009:European Administrative School
2905:European Data Protection Board
2790:European Investment Bank Group
1499:Politics of the European Union
1457:and the budget) triggered the
980:Maritime Affairs and Fisheries
900:Economic and Financial Affairs
1:
13480:Received extraordinary prize.
13023:François Seydoux de Clausonne
12568:European Common Aviation Area
12023:Charter of Fundamental Rights
11996:European Union Military Staff
11896:European University Institute
11685:Council of the European Union
10436:Commission of the Communities
10423:Hallstein Commission, 1958–67
10310:Malvestiti Authority, 1959–63
10178:Historical Archives of the EU
9966:digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu
9853:Riley, Kim (2 January 2018).
9372:Editorial (2 December 2013).
9022:– via Internet Archive.
9004:Nugent, Neill (2 July 2001).
8256:"'Monster' at the Berlaymont"
8023:Fraser, Ian (8 August 2004).
7192:
6972:, the fact that there are no
6741:Council of the European Union
6459:Economic and Social Committee
6418:Council of the European Union
5858:European Union–NATO relations
4904:Elections in EU member states
4835:Referendums related to the EU
2830:European University Institute
2824:European University Institute
2051:Germany–Netherlands relations
1181:History of the European Union
1160:Council of the European Union
838:Council of the European Union
12563:European Political Community
12409:European Banking Supervision
11901:European Stability Mechanism
11077:Human Resources and Security
10479:Mansholt Commission, 1972–73
10466:Malfatti Commission, 1970–72
10393:Chatenet Commission, 1962–67
10193:. Retrieved 10 October 2012.
9345:International Herald Tribune
8906:"Examining the EU executive"
8076:. Eur-law.eu. Archived from
8000:. Café Babel. Archived from
7938:International Herald Tribune
7797:International Herald Tribune
7206:European Commission (2006).
6905:Press Room in the Berlaymont
6785:
6475:budget of the European Union
6221:The successor to Delors was
6203:International Herald Tribune
5395:European Banking Supervision
3433:Euratom since 1 January 2021
2880:Executive agencies of the EU
2817:European Stability Mechanism
2811:European Stability Mechanism
945:Human Resources and Security
7:
12635:Union for the Mediterranean
12414:Single Resolution Mechanism
12353:Vehicle registration plates
12307:Migration and asylum policy
12286:Potential superpower status
10613:Barroso Commission, 2009–14
10584:Barroso Commission, 2004–09
10571:Prodi Commission, 1999–2004
10505:Jenkins Commission, 1977–81
10028:"Data protection in the EU"
9308:Lynam, Joe (1 April 2007).
8693:Rees, Matt (26 June 2020).
8435:. CVCE. 15 September 2016.
7345:European Constitutional Law
7149:
7064:
6945:. The Commission shut down
6706:President of the Commission
6622:, ensuring, along with the
6527:, but this is not binding.
6102:. Owing to the merger, the
6010:European Economic Community
5400:Single Resolution Mechanism
4767:EEA National Identity cards
4304:Schengen Information System
3836:Enlargement of the eurozone
3445:Economic and Monetary Union
2901:Corporate bodies of the EU
2519:Council preparatory bodies
2268:UK membership renegotiation
1427:first Commission of the EEC
1419:first Commission of Euratom
1390:European Economic Community
36:Name in official languages
10:
13529:
12578:EU/ESA Framework Agreement
12276:Differentiated integration
11842:European Court of Auditors
11673:European political parties
10908:Taxation and Customs Union
10873:Migration and Home Affairs
10838:Defence Industry and Space
10626:Juncker Commission 2014–19
10544:Santer Commission, 1995–99
10531:Delors Commission, 1985–95
10492:Ortoli Commission, 1973–77
10380:Hirsch Commission, 1959–62
10367:Armand Commission, 1958–59
9859:Homeland Preparedness News
8494:. Dragoman. Archived from
8050:. VoxEurop. Archived from
7822:Paul van Buitenen (2000).
7460:London School of Economics
7095:Winston Churchill building
6956:
6863:Commission's civil service
6834:
6656:
6385:
6349:
6277:
6255:
6246:European Anti-Fraud Office
6214:
6185:
2983:Inter-institutional bodies
2728:Public Prosecutor's Office
2695:European Court of Auditors
2688:European Court of Auditors
2641:Court of Justice of the EU
1463:Common Agricultural Policy
1178:
1174:
1010:Taxation and Customs Union
985:Migration and Home Affairs
13478:
13266:
13063:
12865:
12795:
12747:
12695:House of European History
12683:
12674:
12529:
12317:European Judicial Network
12294:
12208:
12199:
12187:Health expense per person
12116:
12107:
12008:
11976:
11953:
11937:
11914:
11861:
11834:Supreme audit institution
11832:
11797:
11767:
11710:
11621:
11612:
11603:
11528:
11519:
11477:
11419:
11384:
11361:
11344:
11326:
11308:
11299:
11276:
11269:
11221:
11212:
11163:European Union portal
11151:
11090:
11022:
10962:
10926:
10898:Regional and Urban Policy
10810:
10799:
10763:
10740:
10662:
10594:
10518:Thorn Commission, 1981–85
10433:
10403:
10347:
10323:Del Bo Authority, 1963–67
10271:Monnet Authority, 1952–55
10251:
10124:Eppink, Derk-Jan (2007).
9526:Thiemeyer, Guido (2008).
8876:"The European Commission"
8725:"2050 long-term strategy"
6776:Executive Vice-Presidents
6708:is first proposed by the
6592:European Court of Justice
6045:European Union portal
2648:European Court of Justice
2075:Treaties and Declarations
2041:Belgium–Germany relations
1447:European Court of Justice
1311:
1306:
1299:
1292:
1264:
1117:members of the Commission
1065:
1042:
1028:
1000:Regional and Urban Policy
857:
847:
832:
816:
806:
437:
419:
414:
405:
198:
123:
48:
35:
30:
23:
13503:Anti-dumping authorities
13440:Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya
13292:Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
11886:European Investment Fund
11881:European Investment Bank
10297:Finet Authority, 1958–59
10284:Mayer Authority, 1955–58
10101:. London. Archived from
9933:European Investment Bank
8699:European Investment Bank
8520:Bermann, George (2004).
7530:. CVCE. 31 August 2016.
7342:Schütze, Robert (2012).
7036:Health Protection Agency
6953:Legitimacy and criticism
6896:
6772:von der Leyen Commission
6678:Competition Commissioner
6659:Von der Leyen Commission
6653:College of Commissioners
6643:World Trade Organization
6463:Committee of the Regions
6388:Von der Leyen Commission
6142:of the United Kingdom's
2928:Other independent bodies
2373:Legislative institutions
2346:College of Commissioners
2326:Von der Leyen Commission
2046:France–Germany relations
1488:This article is part of
1165:Von der Leyen Commission
1134:There is one member per
852:College of Commissioners
13089:Konstantinos Karamanlis
12590:European Peace Facility
11817:System of Central Banks
11047:Data Protection Officer
10903:Research and Innovation
10558:Santer Commission, 1999
10453:Rey Commission, 1967–70
9574:10.1111/0952-1895.00193
9482:10.1111/1468-0491.00185
9285:. Europa (web portal).
9008:The European Commission
8527:. New York University.
7909:. Europa (web portal).
7850:. European Parliament.
7768:. Europa (web portal).
7716:. Europa (web portal).
7634:. Europa (web portal).
7608:. Europa (web portal).
7582:. Europa (web portal).
7556:. Europa (web portal).
7257:. European Commission.
6979:'comitology committees'
6718:parliamentary elections
6714:Qualified Majority Vote
6635:external representation
6532:precautionary principle
6410:European People's Party
6381:President von der Leyen
4309:Visa Information System
3737:Other currencies in use
2528:Council Working Parties
1431:Château of Val-Duchesse
1111:(EU). It operates as a
1005:Research and Innovation
864:33 Directorates-General
394:Europeiska kommissionen
12700:2012 Nobel Peace Prize
12546:European Economic Area
12404:European banking union
12281:Privileged partnership
12136:Government procurement
11057:Internal Audit Service
10913:Mobility and Transport
10868:Health and Food Safety
10793:Civil Service Tribunal
10486:François-Xavier Ortoli
10197:Spokesperson's Service
9688:. TBIJ. Archived from
8847:"Glossary: Comitology"
8827:La Lobbycracia Europea
7074:
7061:the new data economy.
6970:United States Congress
6906:
6850:
6837:European Civil Service
6701:
6674:Education Commissioner
6512:legislative initiative
6506:Legislative initiative
6383:
6299:unanimous vote of the
6183:
6022:Western European Union
5390:European banking union
5326:European Single Market
4895:2024 (latest election)
4782:
4781:European Economic Area
4370:European Economic Area
4359:
3893:
3434:
2860:Single market agencies
2281:Executive institutions
2221:Treaties of succession
1912:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1411:
1092:
990:Mobility and Transport
940:Health and Food Safety
425:; 66 years ago
393:
378:
363:
348:
333:
318:
303:
288:
273:
258:
243:
228:
213:
184:Europäische Kommission
183:
168:
153:
138:
108:
93:
78:
63:
13209:Gro Harlem Brundtland
13044:Salvador de Madariaga
12645:Free trade agreements
12487:Health Insurance Card
12421:Capital Markets Union
12271:Democratic legitimacy
12241:Optimum currency area
12062:Legislative procedure
11807:European Central Bank
10888:Justice and Consumers
10883:Joint Research Centre
10848:Education and Culture
10731:Administration of the
10460:Franco Maria Malfatti
10337:Coppé Authority, 1967
10058:"European Commission"
9374:"Without Presseurop?"
8763:. 20 September 2007.
8646:Le Monde diplomatique
8240:28 April 2022 at the
8221:27 April 2022 at the
8035:on 24 September 2015.
7397:"European Commission"
7164:European Union portal
7072:
6918:unique in the world.
6904:
6844:
6835:Further information:
6792:vote of no-confidence
6699:
6576:European criminal law
6378:
6177:
5407:Capital Markets Union
5319:Free Trade Agreements
4780:
4357:
3891:
3432:
2741:European Central Bank
2702:Other auditory bodies
2682:Auditory institutions
2635:Judicial institutions
2380:Legislative procedure
2262:European Constitution
2186:Treaties of accession
1406:
1179:Further information:
1150:) is proposed by the
1086:
975:Justice and Consumers
970:Joint Research Centre
905:Education and Culture
840:and confirmed by the
169:Commission européenne
13460:the Ukrainian people
13312:Carlo Azeglio Ciampi
13141:People of Luxembourg
12757:Books on the subject
12620:EU Gateway Programme
12583:EU/ESA Space Council
12541:Neighbourhood Policy
12499:Regional development
12465:Environmental policy
12455:Educational policies
12382:Neighbourhood Policy
12226:Intergovernmentalism
12216:European integration
12131:Community preference
12082:Enhanced cooperation
12067:Citizens' Initiative
11906:Unified Patent Court
11757:Directorates-General
11548:Environmental issues
11113:Convent Van Maerlant
10773:Directorates-General
10667:Commission President
10646:Ursula von der Leyen
10633:Ursula von der Leyen
10184:European Commissions
9776:on 15 November 2012.
9406:(10 December 2013).
8832:22 July 2011 at the
8662:; Picard, Severine.
8616:on 28 September 2007
7746:on 23 September 2006
7187:European Data Portal
7140:Grange, County Meath
6855:Directorates-General
6448:Powers and functions
6394:Ursula von der Leyen
6371:Ursula von der Leyen
6319:. This post, also a
6248:(OLAF) was created.
6124:Mansholt Commissions
5999:European Communities
5439:Enhanced cooperation
4810:European foundations
4427:(provisional member)
2976:EU/ESA Space Council
2843:Unified Patent Court
2837:Unified Patent Court
2623:National parliaments
2513:Directorates-general
1459:"empty chair" crisis
1148:Ursula von der Leyen
1144:Commission President
1125:Directorates-General
826:Ursula von der Leyen
423:16 January 1958
13498:European Commission
13468:Pinchas Goldschmidt
13360:Jean-Claude Trichet
13320:Jean-Claude Juncker
13157:François Mitterrand
13015:European Commission
12782:Terrorist incidents
12610:Eastern Partnership
12551:EEA Joint Committee
12470:European Green Deal
12440:Agricultural policy
12246:Supranational union
11737:European Commission
11695:General Secretariat
11631:European Parliament
11586:Special territories
11386:Financial stability
11009:Europe by Satellite
10997:Secretariat-General
10755:Directorate-General
10734:European Commission
10620:Jean-Claude Juncker
10245:European Commission
10159:European Commission
10001:. 7 November 2018.
9803:on 19 December 2013
9719:on 23 November 2016
9692:on 23 November 2016
9665:on 24 November 2016
9418:on 14 December 2013
9202:. 15 January 2020.
9094:European Commission
9069:European Commission
9065:"The Commissioners"
9033:Himmelreich, Jorg.
8808:on 13 December 2007
8756:"Brussels rules OK"
8336:on 24 December 2017
8136:18 May 2012 at the
8112:on 24 December 2012
8054:on 27 December 2013
8004:on 29 November 2005
7694:on 26 February 2007
7182:EU Open Data Portal
7079:Berlaymont building
6999:European Parliament
6935:Europe by Satellite
6847:Androulla Vassiliou
6845:Cypriot politician
6780:Directorate-General
6761:High Representative
6745:European Parliament
6733:High Representative
6722:European Parliament
6398:European Parliament
6358:Jean-Claude Juncker
6346:Jean-Claude Juncker
6315:with the council's
6285:José Manuel Barroso
6274:José Manuel Barroso
6242:Treaty of Amsterdam
6164:Single European Act
6113:European Parliament
6092:European Executives
5478:Ext. Action Service
5463:High Representative
5429:European Federation
5303:Policies and issues
4762:EEA Joint Committee
3892:Eurozone since 2015
2914:Joint undertakings
2538:European Parliament
2319:European Commission
2142:Treaty of Amsterdam
2130:Single European Act
2082:Schuman Declaration
2036:Special territories
2014:Applicant countries
1886:Candidate countries
1302:European Commission
1156:European Parliament
1097:European Commission
1035:European Parliament
842:European Parliament
289:Kummissjoni Ewropea
244:Commissione europea
124:European Commission
94:Europa-Kommissionen
25:European Commission
13456:Volodymyr Zelensky
13408:Timothy Garton Ash
13376:Dalia Grybauskaitė
13118:King Juan Carlos I
12944:George C. Marshall
12857:Recipients of the
12630:Northern Dimension
12377:Enlargement Policy
12319:(criminal matters)
12231:Multi-speed Europe
11924:European Ombudsman
11580:(first-level NUTS)
11563:Larger urban zones
10677:Council Presidency
10607:José Durão Barroso
10578:José Durão Barroso
9892:The New York Times
9384:on 4 December 2013
9229:. Deutsche Welle.
9176:on 29 October 2013
8916:on 1 February 2012
8589:on 25 October 2007
7977:on 23 October 2007
7944:on 17 October 2007
7803:on 21 January 2008
7664:. 3 January 1977.
7469:on 25 October 2007
7451:Ludlow, N (2006).
7232:on 12 January 2012
7075:
6907:
6851:
6808:Barroso Commission
6702:
6384:
6352:Juncker Commission
6325:taken into account
6280:Barroso Commission
6262:Following Santer,
6184:
6152:Jenkins Commission
6017:European Community
5948:Common Travel Area
5434:Multi-speed Europe
5291:Fundamental Rights
4842:European elections
4783:
4360:
3894:
3435:
2939:European Ombudsman
2416:July–December 2024
2242:Schengen Agreement
2154:Berlin Declaration
2124:Solemn Declaration
2094:Europe Declaration
1469:his presidency of
1412:
1376:" under President
1121:directorial system
1113:cabinet government
1093:
304:Komisja Europejska
199:Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή
109:Europese Commissie
49:Европейска комисия
13485:
13484:
13448:Veronika Tsepkalo
13444:Maria Kalesnikava
13384:Herman Van Rompuy
13368:Wolfgang Schäuble
13304:Pope John Paul II
13241:Bronisław Geremek
12920:Winston Churchill
12891:Alcide De Gasperi
12859:Charlemagne Prize
12824:
12823:
12743:
12742:
12730:Telephone numbers
12670:
12669:
12445:Cultural policies
12195:
12194:
12182:Unemployment rate
12004:
12003:
11864:international-law
11857:
11856:
11847:Secretary-General
11599:
11598:
11558:Geographic centre
11515:
11514:
11415:
11414:
11357:
11356:
11171:
11170:
11143:Triangle building
11133:Madou Plaza Tower
11024:Internal Services
11002:Secretary-General
10690:
10689:
10141:978-90-209-7022-7
10105:on 1 October 2007
9353:on 1 January 2022
9096:. 4 December 2019
8955:978-90-209-7022-7
8164:on 19 August 2007
8080:on 30 March 2012.
8029:The Sunday Herald
7833:978-1-902301-46-4
7826:. Politicos Pub.
7508:978-90-209-7022-7
7042:COVID-19 response
6867:Secretary General
6726:indirect election
6624:Court of Auditors
6544:carbon neutrality
6430:Stéphane Séjourné
6402:European election
6231:Paul van Buitenen
6217:Santer Commission
6188:Delors Commission
6132:Ortoli Commission
6088:
6087:
5456:Foreign relations
3389:Associated states
3004:Anti-Fraud Office
2723:Anti-Fraud Office
2658:Advocates General
2504:Secretary-General
2388:Council of the EU
2356:Secretary-General
2136:Maastricht Treaty
1481:Early development
1451:Charles de Gaulle
1370:
1369:
1103:) is the primary
1081:
1080:
836:Nominated by the
400:
399:
364:Evropska komisija
334:Comisia Europeană
319:Comissão Europeia
229:Coimisiún Eorpach
214:Európai Bizottság
154:Euroopan komissio
64:Europska komisija
13520:
13471:
13462:
13450:
13434:
13426:
13424:António Guterres
13418:
13410:
13402:
13394:
13386:
13378:
13370:
13362:
13354:
13346:
13338:
13330:
13322:
13314:
13306:
13294:
13286:
13278:
13259:
13251:
13243:
13235:
13227:
13219:
13211:
13203:
13195:
13187:
13179:
13171:
13163:
13151:
13143:
13135:
13130:
13125:
13120:
13112:
13104:
13099:
13091:
13083:
13075:
13056:
13051:
13046:
13038:
13030:
13025:
13017:
13009:
13004:
12996:
12988:
12983:
12975:
12967:
12962:
12960:Walter Hallstein
12954:
12946:
12938:
12930:
12928:Paul-Henri Spaak
12922:
12914:
12909:
12901:
12893:
12885:
12883:Hendrik Brugmans
12877:
12851:
12844:
12837:
12828:
12827:
12804:
12681:
12680:
12558:Energy Community
12477:Fisheries policy
12236:Neofunctionalism
12206:
12205:
12114:
12113:
12056:Official Journal
12043:Citizens' Rights
11782:Court of Justice
11720:European Council
11668:Political groups
11619:
11618:
11610:
11609:
11581:
11526:
11525:
11306:
11305:
11274:
11273:
11219:
11218:
11198:
11191:
11184:
11175:
11174:
11161:
11160:
11159:
11042:Digital Services
10964:General Services
10805:
10750:
10729:
10728:
10717:
10710:
10703:
10694:
10693:
10655:
10642:
10629:
10616:
10587:
10574:
10561:
10547:
10534:
10521:
10508:
10495:
10482:
10469:
10456:
10426:
10417:Walter Hallstein
10396:
10383:
10370:
10340:
10326:
10313:
10304:Piero Malvestiti
10300:
10287:
10274:
10239:
10238:
10227:
10220:
10213:
10204:
10203:
10191:Statue of Europe
10146:
10145:
10121:
10115:
10114:
10112:
10110:
10088:
10082:
10081:
10079:
10077:
10068:. 16 June 2016.
10054:
10048:
10047:
10045:
10043:
10024:
10015:
10014:
10012:
10010:
9991:
9982:
9981:
9979:
9977:
9958:
9949:
9948:
9946:
9944:
9925:
9916:
9915:
9913:
9911:
9889:
9881:
9875:
9874:
9872:
9870:
9850:
9844:
9843:
9841:
9839:
9819:
9813:
9812:
9810:
9808:
9799:. Archived from
9784:
9778:
9777:
9772:. Archived from
9770:The Sunday Times
9761:
9755:
9754:
9752:
9750:
9735:
9729:
9728:
9726:
9724:
9708:
9702:
9701:
9699:
9697:
9681:
9675:
9674:
9672:
9670:
9661:. Archived from
9650:
9644:
9643:
9641:
9639:
9625:
9617:
9611:
9610:
9608:
9606:
9592:
9584:
9578:
9577:
9557:
9548:
9547:
9545:
9543:
9523:
9517:
9516:
9514:
9512:
9503:. Archived from
9492:
9486:
9485:
9465:
9459:
9458:
9456:
9454:
9434:
9428:
9427:
9425:
9423:
9414:. Archived from
9400:
9394:
9393:
9391:
9389:
9380:. Archived from
9369:
9363:
9362:
9360:
9358:
9352:
9347:. Archived from
9336:
9330:
9329:
9327:
9325:
9305:
9299:
9298:
9296:
9294:
9279:
9273:
9272:
9270:
9268:
9252:
9243:
9242:
9240:
9238:
9222:
9216:
9215:
9213:
9211:
9192:
9186:
9185:
9183:
9181:
9166:
9160:
9159:
9157:
9155:
9139:
9133:
9132:
9130:
9128:
9112:
9106:
9105:
9103:
9101:
9086:
9080:
9079:
9077:
9075:
9061:
9055:
9054:
9052:
9050:
9030:
9024:
9023:
9011:
9001:
8995:
8994:
8989:
8987:
8981:
8974:
8966:
8960:
8959:
8936:Eppink, Derk-Jan
8932:
8926:
8925:
8923:
8921:
8912:. Archived from
8901:
8892:
8891:
8889:
8887:
8872:
8863:
8862:
8860:
8858:
8843:
8837:
8824:
8818:
8817:
8815:
8813:
8798:
8792:
8791:
8783:
8777:
8776:
8774:
8772:
8758:
8751:
8745:
8744:
8742:
8740:
8735:on 22 April 2021
8721:
8715:
8714:
8712:
8710:
8690:
8684:
8683:
8681:
8679:
8670:. Archived from
8656:
8650:
8641:
8635:
8632:
8626:
8625:
8623:
8621:
8605:
8599:
8598:
8596:
8594:
8588:
8581:
8573:
8567:
8566:
8564:
8562:
8547:
8541:
8540:
8538:
8536:
8526:
8517:
8511:
8510:
8508:
8506:
8501:on 25 March 2009
8500:
8493:
8484:
8475:
8474:
8472:
8470:
8455:
8449:
8448:
8446:
8444:
8433:"Executive body"
8429:
8423:
8422:
8420:
8418:
8399:
8390:
8387:
8381:
8380:
8378:
8376:
8367:. Archived from
8357:
8346:
8345:
8343:
8341:
8326:
8320:
8319:
8317:
8315:
8304:
8298:
8297:
8295:
8293:
8278:
8272:
8271:
8269:
8267:
8251:
8245:
8232:
8226:
8213:
8207:
8206:
8204:
8202:
8196:
8189:
8180:
8174:
8173:
8171:
8169:
8154:
8145:
8144:, 8 January 2009
8128:
8122:
8121:
8119:
8117:
8108:. Archived from
8097:
8091:
8088:
8082:
8081:
8070:
8064:
8063:
8061:
8059:
8043:
8037:
8036:
8031:. Archived from
8020:
8014:
8013:
8011:
8009:
7993:
7987:
7986:
7984:
7982:
7973:. Archived from
7960:
7954:
7953:
7951:
7949:
7940:. Archived from
7929:
7923:
7922:
7920:
7918:
7903:
7897:
7896:
7894:
7892:
7886:
7879:
7870:
7864:
7863:
7861:
7859:
7844:
7838:
7837:
7819:
7813:
7812:
7810:
7808:
7799:. Archived from
7788:
7782:
7781:
7779:
7777:
7762:
7756:
7755:
7753:
7751:
7736:
7730:
7729:
7727:
7725:
7710:
7704:
7703:
7701:
7699:
7684:
7678:
7677:
7675:
7673:
7654:
7648:
7647:
7645:
7643:
7628:
7622:
7621:
7619:
7617:
7602:
7596:
7595:
7593:
7591:
7576:
7570:
7569:
7567:
7565:
7550:
7544:
7543:
7541:
7539:
7524:
7513:
7512:
7489:Eppink, Derk-Jan
7485:
7479:
7478:
7476:
7474:
7468:
7462:. Archived from
7457:
7448:
7439:
7438:
7436:
7434:
7419:
7413:
7412:
7410:
7408:
7393:
7378:
7373:
7360:
7359:
7355:978-0521-73275-8
7339:
7330:
7329:
7327:
7325:
7306:
7300:
7299:
7297:
7295:
7280:
7274:
7273:
7268:
7266:
7251:
7245:
7244:
7239:
7237:
7231:
7225:. Archived from
7214:
7203:
7166:
7161:
7160:
7159:
7048:COVID-19 vaccine
7015:#BrusselsSoWhite
6990:Treaty of Lisbon
6974:direct elections
6821:Treaty of Lisbon
6802:Political styles
6750:European Council
6710:European Council
6682:personal cabinet
6631:Court of Justice
6538:and restricting
6487:Treaty of Lisbon
6301:European Council
6258:Prodi Commission
6194:founding fathers
6080:
6073:
6066:
6043:
6042:
6041:
5818:
5817:
5806:
5805:
5794:
5793:
5782:
5781:
5770:
5769:
5758:
5757:
5746:
5745:
5734:
5733:
5722:
5721:
5710:
5709:
5698:
5697:
5686:
5685:
5674:
5673:
5662:
5661:
5650:
5649:
5638:
5637:
5626:
5625:
5614:
5613:
5602:
5601:
5590:
5589:
5578:
5577:
5566:
5565:
5554:
5553:
5542:
5541:
5530:
5529:
5518:
5517:
5506:
5505:
5424:Supranationalism
5331:Area of FS&J
5227:
5226:
5215:
5214:
5203:
5202:
5191:
5190:
5179:
5178:
5167:
5166:
5155:
5154:
5143:
5142:
5131:
5130:
5119:
5118:
5107:
5106:
5095:
5094:
5083:
5082:
5071:
5070:
5059:
5058:
5047:
5046:
5035:
5034:
5023:
5022:
5011:
5010:
4999:
4998:
4987:
4986:
4975:
4974:
4963:
4962:
4951:
4950:
4939:
4938:
4927:
4926:
4915:
4914:
4805:European parties
4746:
4745:
4744:
4733:
4732:
4731:
4720:
4719:
4718:
4700:
4699:
4688:
4687:
4676:
4675:
4664:
4663:
4652:
4651:
4640:
4639:
4628:
4627:
4616:
4615:
4604:
4603:
4592:
4591:
4580:
4579:
4568:
4567:
4556:
4555:
4544:
4543:
4532:
4531:
4520:
4519:
4508:
4507:
4496:
4495:
4484:
4483:
4472:
4471:
4460:
4459:
4448:
4447:
4436:
4435:
4423:
4422:
4411:
4410:
4399:
4398:
4387:
4386:
4345:
4344:
4343:
4332:
4331:
4330:
4288:
4287:
4286:
4275:
4274:
4273:
4262:
4261:
4260:
4249:
4248:
4247:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4215:
4214:
4213:
4202:
4201:
4200:
4189:
4188:
4187:
4176:
4175:
4174:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4150:
4149:
4148:
4137:
4136:
4135:
4124:
4123:
4122:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4085:
4084:
4083:
4072:
4071:
4070:
4059:
4058:
4057:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4033:
4032:
4031:
4020:
4019:
4018:
4007:
4006:
4005:
3994:
3993:
3992:
3981:
3980:
3979:
3968:
3967:
3966:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3942:
3941:
3940:
3929:
3928:
3927:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3821:
3820:
3809:
3808:
3797:
3796:
3787:Hungarian forint
3785:
3784:
3773:
3772:
3761:
3760:
3749:
3748:
3722:
3721:
3692:
3691:
3680:
3679:
3668:
3667:
3656:
3655:
3644:
3643:
3632:
3631:
3620:
3619:
3608:
3607:
3596:
3595:
3584:
3583:
3572:
3571:
3560:
3559:
3548:
3547:
3536:
3535:
3524:
3523:
3512:
3511:
3500:
3499:
3488:
3487:
3476:
3475:
3464:
3463:
3452:Eurozone members
3413:
3412:
3411:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3365:
3364:
3363:
3352:
3351:
3350:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3300:
3299:
3298:
3287:
3286:
3285:
3274:
3273:
3272:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3222:
3221:
3220:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3196:
3195:
3194:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3170:
3169:
3168:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3131:
3130:
3129:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3105:
3104:
3103:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3079:
3078:
3077:
3066:
3065:
3064:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3040:
3039:
3038:
2883:Euratom agencies
2508:Thérèse Blanchet
2406:
2405:
2309:List of meetings
2287:European Council
2160:Treaty of Lisbon
2026:
2025:
2004:
2003:
1982:
1981:
1970:
1969:
1958:
1957:
1946:
1945:
1934:
1933:
1922:
1921:
1910:
1909:
1898:
1897:
1874:
1873:
1872:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1731:
1730:
1729:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1640:
1639:
1638:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1588:
1587:
1586:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1510:
1485:
1484:
1423:Walter Hallstein
1408:Walter Hallstein
1386:Treaties of Rome
1382:Monnet Authority
1362:
1355:
1348:
1327:
1315:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1205:
1152:European Council
1077:
1074:
1072:
795:
794:
793:
782:
781:
780:
769:
768:
767:
756:
755:
754:
743:
742:
741:
730:
729:
728:
717:
716:
715:
704:
703:
702:
691:
690:
689:
678:
677:
676:
665:
664:
663:
652:
651:
650:
639:
638:
637:
626:
625:
624:
613:
612:
611:
600:
599:
598:
587:
586:
585:
574:
573:
572:
561:
560:
559:
548:
547:
546:
535:
534:
533:
522:
521:
520:
509:
508:
507:
496:
495:
494:
483:
482:
481:
470:
469:
468:
457:
456:
455:
445:27 member states
433:
431:
426:
410:
396:
381:
379:Comisión Europea
366:
351:
349:Európska komisia
336:
321:
306:
291:
276:
274:Europos Komisija
261:
259:Eiropas Komisija
246:
231:
216:
201:
200:
186:
171:
156:
141:
139:Euroopa Komisjon
126:
125:
111:
96:
81:
66:
51:
50:
33:
32:
26:
21:
20:
13528:
13527:
13523:
13522:
13521:
13519:
13518:
13517:
13488:
13487:
13486:
13481:
13474:
13465:
13453:
13437:
13429:
13421:
13416:Emmanuel Macron
13413:
13405:
13397:
13389:
13381:
13373:
13365:
13357:
13349:
13344:Andrea Riccardi
13341:
13333:
13325:
13317:
13309:
13297:
13289:
13281:
13273:
13262:
13254:
13246:
13238:
13230:
13222:
13217:Franz Vranitzky
13214:
13206:
13201:Felipe González
13198:
13190:
13182:
13174:
13166:
13154:
13149:Henry Kissinger
13146:
13138:
13133:
13128:
13123:
13115:
13107:
13102:
13094:
13086:
13078:
13070:
13059:
13054:
13049:
13041:
13033:
13028:
13020:
13012:
13007:
12999:
12991:
12986:
12978:
12970:
12965:
12957:
12949:
12941:
12933:
12925:
12917:
12912:
12907:Konrad Adenauer
12904:
12896:
12888:
12880:
12872:
12861:
12855:
12825:
12820:
12807:
12800:
12791:
12739:
12720:Public holidays
12666:
12640:Global Strategy
12532:
12525:
12494:Labour mobility
12387:Global Strategy
12348:Driving licence
12290:
12266:Pro-Europeanism
12191:
12103:
12028:Competition law
12000:
11978:
11972:
11955:
11949:
11933:
11916:
11910:
11865:
11863:
11853:
11828:
11793:
11763:
11747:Vice-Presidents
11706:
11641:Vice-Presidents
11595:
11579:
11573:Protected areas
11543:External border
11511:
11473:
11411:
11380:
11353:
11340:
11322:
11295:
11265:
11256:1993–2004
11251:1973–1993
11246:1958–1972
11241:1948–1957
11208:
11202:
11172:
11167:
11157:
11155:
11147:
11086:
11018:
10958:
10922:
10806:
10797:
10759:
10744:
10736:
10723:
10721:
10691:
10686:
10658:
10649:
10636:
10623:
10610:
10600:
10590:
10581:
10568:
10555:
10541:
10528:
10515:
10502:
10489:
10476:
10463:
10450:
10440:
10438:
10429:
10420:
10410:
10408:
10399:
10390:
10387:Pierre Chatenet
10377:
10364:
10354:
10352:
10343:
10334:
10320:
10307:
10294:
10281:
10268:
10258:
10256:
10247:
10233:
10231:
10155:
10150:
10149:
10142:
10122:
10118:
10108:
10106:
10098:The Independent
10089:
10085:
10075:
10073:
10056:
10055:
10051:
10041:
10039:
10026:
10025:
10018:
10008:
10006:
9993:
9992:
9985:
9975:
9973:
9960:
9959:
9952:
9942:
9940:
9927:
9926:
9919:
9909:
9907:
9882:
9878:
9868:
9866:
9851:
9847:
9837:
9835:
9820:
9816:
9806:
9804:
9785:
9781:
9762:
9758:
9748:
9746:
9737:
9736:
9732:
9722:
9720:
9709:
9705:
9695:
9693:
9682:
9678:
9668:
9666:
9651:
9647:
9637:
9635:
9618:
9614:
9604:
9602:
9585:
9581:
9558:
9551:
9541:
9539:
9524:
9520:
9510:
9508:
9493:
9489:
9466:
9462:
9452:
9450:
9435:
9431:
9421:
9419:
9401:
9397:
9387:
9385:
9370:
9366:
9356:
9354:
9337:
9333:
9323:
9321:
9306:
9302:
9292:
9290:
9281:
9280:
9276:
9266:
9264:
9259:. EU Observer.
9253:
9246:
9236:
9234:
9223:
9219:
9209:
9207:
9194:
9193:
9189:
9179:
9177:
9168:
9167:
9163:
9153:
9151:
9146:. EU Observer.
9140:
9136:
9126:
9124:
9119:. EU Observer.
9113:
9109:
9099:
9097:
9088:
9087:
9083:
9073:
9071:
9063:
9062:
9058:
9048:
9046:
9031:
9027:
9020:
9002:
8998:
8985:
8983:
8979:
8972:
8968:
8967:
8963:
8956:
8933:
8929:
8919:
8917:
8902:
8895:
8885:
8883:
8882:on 23 June 2007
8874:
8873:
8866:
8856:
8854:
8853:on 29 June 2007
8845:
8844:
8840:
8834:Wayback Machine
8825:
8821:
8811:
8809:
8800:
8799:
8795:
8784:
8780:
8770:
8768:
8753:
8752:
8748:
8738:
8736:
8723:
8722:
8718:
8708:
8706:
8691:
8687:
8677:
8675:
8674:on 6 March 2006
8657:
8653:
8642:
8638:
8633:
8629:
8619:
8617:
8606:
8602:
8592:
8590:
8586:
8579:
8575:
8574:
8570:
8560:
8558:
8549:
8548:
8544:
8534:
8532:
8524:
8518:
8514:
8504:
8502:
8498:
8491:
8485:
8478:
8468:
8466:
8457:
8456:
8452:
8442:
8440:
8431:
8430:
8426:
8416:
8414:
8401:
8400:
8393:
8388:
8384:
8374:
8372:
8371:on 23 June 2007
8359:
8358:
8349:
8339:
8337:
8328:
8327:
8323:
8313:
8311:
8305:
8301:
8291:
8289:
8280:
8279:
8275:
8265:
8263:
8252:
8248:
8242:Wayback Machine
8233:
8229:
8225:Politico. 2022.
8223:Wayback Machine
8214:
8210:
8200:
8198:
8194:
8187:
8181:
8177:
8167:
8165:
8156:
8155:
8148:
8138:Wayback Machine
8129:
8125:
8115:
8113:
8106:The Irish Times
8098:
8094:
8089:
8085:
8072:
8071:
8067:
8057:
8055:
8044:
8040:
8021:
8017:
8007:
8005:
7994:
7990:
7980:
7978:
7961:
7957:
7947:
7945:
7930:
7926:
7916:
7914:
7905:
7904:
7900:
7890:
7888:
7884:
7877:
7871:
7867:
7857:
7855:
7846:
7845:
7841:
7834:
7820:
7816:
7806:
7804:
7789:
7785:
7775:
7773:
7764:
7763:
7759:
7749:
7747:
7738:
7737:
7733:
7723:
7721:
7712:
7711:
7707:
7697:
7695:
7688:"EU and the G8"
7686:
7685:
7681:
7671:
7669:
7656:
7655:
7651:
7641:
7639:
7630:
7629:
7625:
7615:
7613:
7604:
7603:
7599:
7589:
7587:
7578:
7577:
7573:
7563:
7561:
7552:
7551:
7547:
7537:
7535:
7526:
7525:
7516:
7509:
7486:
7482:
7472:
7470:
7466:
7455:
7449:
7442:
7432:
7430:
7421:
7420:
7416:
7406:
7404:
7395:
7394:
7381:
7374:
7363:
7356:
7340:
7333:
7323:
7321:
7316:. 1 July 2014.
7308:
7307:
7303:
7293:
7291:
7282:
7281:
7277:
7264:
7262:
7253:
7252:
7248:
7235:
7233:
7229:
7223:
7212:
7204:
7200:
7195:
7162:
7157:
7155:
7152:
7087:Luxembourg City
7067:
7044:
7028:
7023:
6961:
6955:
6899:
6865:is headed by a
6839:
6833:
6804:
6788:
6757:Vice-Presidents
6694:
6662:
6655:
6604:
6584:Franco Frattini
6571:member states.
6508:
6483:
6481:Executive power
6450:
6442:Henna Virkkunen
6406:spitzenkandidat
6390:
6373:
6354:
6348:
6282:
6276:
6260:
6254:
6219:
6213:
6190:
6172:
6084:
6055:
6051:Other countries
6039:
6037:
6032:
6031:
5994:
5986:
5985:
5972:
5944:
5824:
5812:
5800:
5788:
5776:
5764:
5752:
5740:
5728:
5716:
5704:
5692:
5680:
5668:
5656:
5644:
5632:
5620:
5608:
5596:
5584:
5572:
5560:
5548:
5536:
5524:
5512:
5500:
5497:
5492:
5474:
5466:
5458:
5448:
5447:
5378:Pro-Europeanism
5304:
5296:
5295:
5244:
5234:
5233:
5221:
5209:
5197:
5185:
5173:
5161:
5149:
5137:
5125:
5113:
5101:
5089:
5077:
5065:
5053:
5041:
5029:
5017:
5005:
4993:
4981:
4969:
4957:
4945:
4933:
4921:
4909:
4906:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4844:
4839:
4820:Spitzenkandidat
4795:
4785:
4784:
4758:
4753:
4742:
4740:
4729:
4727:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4706:
4694:
4682:
4670:
4658:
4646:
4634:
4622:
4610:
4598:
4586:
4574:
4562:
4550:
4538:
4526:
4514:
4502:
4490:
4478:
4466:
4454:
4442:
4430:
4417:
4405:
4393:
4381:
4378:
4372:
4362:
4361:
4341:
4339:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4318:
4299:Prüm Convention
4295:
4284:
4282:
4271:
4269:
4258:
4256:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4235:
4224:
4222:
4211:
4209:
4198:
4196:
4185:
4183:
4172:
4170:
4159:
4157:
4146:
4144:
4133:
4131:
4120:
4118:
4107:
4105:
4094:
4092:
4081:
4079:
4068:
4066:
4055:
4053:
4042:
4040:
4029:
4027:
4016:
4014:
4003:
4001:
3990:
3988:
3977:
3975:
3964:
3962:
3951:
3949:
3938:
3936:
3925:
3923:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3896:
3895:
3886:
3885:
3845:
3840:
3827:
3815:
3803:
3791:
3779:
3767:
3755:
3743:
3740:
3733:
3731:
3724:Paschal Donohoe
3716:
3708:
3701:
3699:
3686:
3674:
3662:
3650:
3638:
3626:
3614:
3602:
3590:
3578:
3566:
3554:
3542:
3530:
3518:
3506:
3494:
3482:
3470:
3458:
3455:
3447:
3437:
3436:
3420:
3409:
3407:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3386:
3385:
3374:
3372:
3361:
3359:
3348:
3346:
3335:
3333:
3322:
3320:
3309:
3307:
3296:
3294:
3283:
3281:
3270:
3268:
3257:
3255:
3244:
3242:
3231:
3229:
3218:
3216:
3205:
3203:
3192:
3190:
3179:
3177:
3166:
3164:
3153:
3151:
3140:
3138:
3127:
3125:
3114:
3112:
3101:
3099:
3088:
3086:
3075:
3073:
3062:
3060:
3049:
3047:
3036:
3034:
3030:
3028:Euratom members
3024:
3014:
3013:
2985:
2980:
2950:
2947:Advisory bodies
2943:
2930:
2925:
2854:
2847:
2839:
2834:
2826:
2821:
2813:
2808:
2801:Investment Fund
2796:Investment Bank
2792:
2786:
2778:
2777:
2743:
2733:
2732:
2704:
2699:
2691:
2683:
2675:
2674:
2644:
2636:
2628:
2627:
2626:
2619:
2603:Vice Presidents
2547:
2541:
2534:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2426:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2412:
2400:
2398:
2391:
2384:
2375:
2365:
2364:
2341:Vice Presidents
2322:
2315:
2290:
2282:
2274:
2273:
2258:
2253:
2238:
2233:
2232:
2223:
2218:
2217:
2188:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2088:Treaty of Paris
2077:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2032:
2020:
2017:
2010:
1998:
1995:
1988:
1976:
1964:
1960:North Macedonia
1952:
1940:
1928:
1916:
1904:
1892:
1889:
1882:
1881:
1870:
1868:
1857:
1855:
1844:
1842:
1831:
1829:
1818:
1816:
1805:
1803:
1792:
1790:
1779:
1777:
1766:
1764:
1753:
1751:
1740:
1738:
1727:
1725:
1714:
1712:
1701:
1699:
1688:
1686:
1675:
1673:
1662:
1660:
1649:
1647:
1636:
1634:
1623:
1621:
1610:
1608:
1597:
1595:
1584:
1582:
1571:
1569:
1558:
1556:
1545:
1543:
1532:
1530:
1525:
1501:
1483:
1366:
1325:
1313:
1301:
1294:
1287:
1255:
1253:
1242:
1240:
1231:
1229:
1220:
1218:
1211:
1209:
1203:
1183:
1177:
1069:
1061:
1056:Luxembourg City
1038:
1024:
866:
865:
823:
802:
791:
789:
778:
776:
765:
763:
752:
750:
739:
737:
726:
724:
713:
711:
700:
698:
687:
685:
674:
672:
661:
659:
648:
646:
635:
633:
622:
620:
609:
607:
596:
594:
583:
581:
570:
568:
557:
555:
544:
542:
531:
529:
518:
516:
505:
503:
492:
490:
479:
477:
466:
464:
453:
451:
448:
447:
429:
427:
424:
401:
79:Evropská komise
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
13526:
13516:
13515:
13510:
13505:
13500:
13483:
13482:
13479:
13476:
13475:
13473:
13472:
13463:
13451:
13435:
13432:Klaus Iohannis
13427:
13419:
13411:
13403:
13395:
13387:
13379:
13371:
13363:
13355:
13347:
13339:
13331:
13323:
13315:
13307:
13295:
13287:
13279:
13270:
13268:
13264:
13263:
13261:
13260:
13252:
13244:
13236:
13228:
13220:
13212:
13204:
13196:
13193:Jacques Delors
13188:
13180:
13172:
13164:
13152:
13144:
13136:
13131:
13126:
13121:
13113:
13105:
13100:
13097:Emilio Colombo
13092:
13084:
13076:
13067:
13065:
13061:
13060:
13058:
13057:
13052:
13047:
13039:
13031:
13026:
13018:
13010:
13005:
12997:
12994:Jens Otto Krag
12989:
12984:
12976:
12968:
12963:
12955:
12947:
12939:
12936:Robert Schuman
12931:
12923:
12915:
12910:
12902:
12894:
12886:
12878:
12869:
12867:
12863:
12862:
12854:
12853:
12846:
12839:
12831:
12822:
12821:
12819:
12818:
12813:
12806:
12805:
12797:
12796:
12793:
12792:
12790:
12789:
12784:
12779:
12774:
12769:
12764:
12759:
12753:
12751:
12745:
12744:
12741:
12740:
12738:
12737:
12732:
12727:
12722:
12717:
12712:
12707:
12705:Laissez-passer
12702:
12697:
12692:
12684:
12678:
12672:
12671:
12668:
12667:
12665:
12664:
12663:
12662:
12657:
12655:Current agenda
12647:
12642:
12637:
12632:
12627:
12622:
12617:
12612:
12607:
12602:
12597:
12592:
12587:
12586:
12585:
12575:
12570:
12565:
12560:
12555:
12554:
12553:
12543:
12537:
12535:
12527:
12526:
12524:
12523:
12522:
12521:
12516:
12514:Sport policies
12511:
12506:
12501:
12496:
12491:
12490:
12489:
12479:
12474:
12473:
12472:
12462:
12457:
12452:
12447:
12442:
12432:
12431:
12430:
12429:
12428:
12418:
12417:
12416:
12411:
12401:
12391:
12390:
12389:
12384:
12379:
12374:
12373:
12372:
12357:
12356:
12355:
12350:
12345:
12335:
12330:
12325:
12320:
12314:
12309:
12298:
12296:
12292:
12291:
12289:
12288:
12283:
12278:
12273:
12268:
12263:
12261:Federalisation
12258:
12253:
12251:Euroscepticism
12248:
12243:
12238:
12233:
12228:
12223:
12218:
12212:
12210:
12203:
12197:
12196:
12193:
12192:
12190:
12189:
12184:
12179:
12174:
12169:
12168:
12167:
12157:
12156:
12155:
12154:
12153:
12138:
12133:
12128:
12123:
12117:
12111:
12105:
12104:
12102:
12101:
12100:
12099:
12094:
12084:
12079:
12074:
12069:
12064:
12059:
12052:
12047:
12046:
12045:
12035:
12030:
12025:
12020:
12014:
12012:
12006:
12005:
12002:
12001:
11999:
11998:
11993:
11988:
11982:
11980:
11974:
11973:
11971:
11970:
11965:
11959:
11957:
11951:
11950:
11948:
11947:
11941:
11939:
11935:
11934:
11932:
11931:
11926:
11920:
11918:
11912:
11911:
11909:
11908:
11903:
11898:
11893:
11892:
11891:
11888:
11883:
11875:
11869:
11867:
11859:
11858:
11855:
11854:
11852:
11851:
11850:
11849:
11838:
11836:
11830:
11829:
11827:
11826:
11825:
11824:
11819:
11814:
11803:
11801:
11795:
11794:
11792:
11791:
11790:
11789:
11784:
11773:
11771:
11765:
11764:
11762:
11761:
11760:
11759:
11754:
11749:
11744:
11734:
11733:
11732:
11727:
11716:
11714:
11708:
11707:
11705:
11704:
11703:
11702:
11697:
11692:
11682:
11681:
11680:
11675:
11670:
11665:
11664:
11663:
11661:Constituencies
11653:
11648:
11643:
11638:
11627:
11625:
11616:
11607:
11601:
11600:
11597:
11596:
11594:
11593:
11588:
11583:
11575:
11570:
11565:
11560:
11555:
11553:Extreme points
11550:
11545:
11540:
11535:
11529:
11523:
11517:
11516:
11513:
11512:
11510:
11509:
11504:
11499:
11494:
11489:
11483:
11481:
11475:
11474:
11472:
11471:
11466:
11461:
11456:
11451:
11446:
11441:
11436:
11431:
11425:
11423:
11417:
11416:
11413:
11412:
11410:
11409:
11400:
11390:
11388:
11382:
11381:
11379:
11378:
11373:
11367:
11365:
11359:
11358:
11355:
11354:
11352:
11351:
11345:
11342:
11341:
11339:
11338:
11333:
11327:
11324:
11323:
11321:
11320:
11315:
11309:
11303:
11297:
11296:
11294:
11293:
11288:
11282:
11280:
11278:Defence policy
11271:
11267:
11266:
11264:
11263:
11258:
11253:
11248:
11243:
11238:
11233:
11227:
11225:
11216:
11210:
11209:
11207: articles
11205:European Union
11201:
11200:
11193:
11186:
11178:
11169:
11168:
11166:
11165:
11152:
11149:
11148:
11146:
11145:
11140:
11135:
11130:
11125:
11120:
11115:
11110:
11105:
11100:
11094:
11092:
11088:
11087:
11085:
11084:
11079:
11074:
11069:
11064:
11062:Interpretation
11059:
11054:
11049:
11044:
11039:
11034:
11028:
11026:
11020:
11019:
11017:
11016:
11011:
11006:
11005:
11004:
10994:
10989:
10984:
10979:
10974:
10968:
10966:
10960:
10959:
10957:
10956:
10951:
10946:
10941:
10936:
10930:
10928:
10924:
10923:
10921:
10920:
10915:
10910:
10905:
10900:
10895:
10890:
10885:
10880:
10875:
10870:
10865:
10860:
10855:
10850:
10845:
10840:
10835:
10830:
10825:
10823:Climate Action
10820:
10814:
10812:
10808:
10807:
10800:
10798:
10796:
10795:
10790:
10785:
10780:
10775:
10769:
10767:
10761:
10760:
10758:
10757:
10751:
10741:
10738:
10737:
10720:
10719:
10712:
10705:
10697:
10688:
10687:
10685:
10684:
10679:
10674:
10669:
10663:
10660:
10659:
10657:
10656:
10643:
10630:
10617:
10603:
10601:
10599:(2009–present)
10595:
10592:
10591:
10589:
10588:
10575:
10562:
10548:
10538:Jacques Santer
10535:
10525:Jacques Delors
10522:
10509:
10496:
10483:
10473:Sicco Mansholt
10470:
10457:
10443:
10441:
10434:
10431:
10430:
10428:
10427:
10413:
10411:
10404:
10401:
10400:
10398:
10397:
10384:
10374:Étienne Hirsch
10371:
10357:
10355:
10348:
10345:
10344:
10342:
10341:
10327:
10317:Rinaldo Del Bo
10314:
10301:
10288:
10275:
10261:
10259:
10252:
10249:
10248:
10230:
10229:
10222:
10215:
10207:
10201:
10200:
10194:
10188:
10181:
10171:
10162:
10154:
10153:External links
10151:
10148:
10147:
10140:
10116:
10083:
10062:European Union
10049:
10016:
9983:
9950:
9917:
9876:
9845:
9814:
9779:
9756:
9745:on 9 June 2011
9730:
9703:
9676:
9645:
9612:
9579:
9568:(3): 375–392.
9549:
9518:
9507:on 15 May 2007
9487:
9476:(2): 185–210.
9460:
9429:
9395:
9364:
9331:
9300:
9274:
9244:
9217:
9187:
9161:
9134:
9107:
9081:
9056:
9025:
9018:
8996:
8982:on 5 July 2008
8961:
8954:
8927:
8893:
8864:
8838:
8819:
8793:
8778:
8746:
8716:
8685:
8651:
8636:
8627:
8600:
8568:
8557:on 8 July 2007
8542:
8512:
8476:
8461:. CVCE. 2016.
8450:
8424:
8391:
8382:
8347:
8321:
8299:
8273:
8246:
8227:
8208:
8175:
8146:
8123:
8092:
8083:
8065:
8038:
8015:
7988:
7955:
7924:
7898:
7865:
7839:
7832:
7814:
7783:
7757:
7731:
7705:
7679:
7649:
7623:
7597:
7571:
7545:
7514:
7507:
7480:
7440:
7425:. CVCE. 2016.
7414:
7399:. CVCE. 2016.
7379:
7361:
7354:
7331:
7301:
7275:
7246:
7221:
7215:. p. 20.
7197:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7190:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7174:
7168:
7167:
7151:
7148:
7066:
7063:
7043:
7040:
7027:
7026:Anti-terrorism
7024:
7022:
7019:
6954:
6951:
6898:
6895:
6871:Ilze Juhansone
6832:
6831:Administration
6829:
6803:
6800:
6787:
6784:
6712:, following a
6693:
6690:
6654:
6651:
6603:
6600:
6569:European Union
6536:climate change
6507:
6504:
6500:European Union
6492:foreign policy
6482:
6479:
6449:
6446:
6434:Raffaele Fitto
6408:"). While the
6386:Main article:
6372:
6369:
6365:Martin Selmayr
6350:Main article:
6347:
6344:
6340:Euroscepticism
6278:Main article:
6275:
6272:
6268:Treaty of Nice
6256:Main article:
6253:
6250:
6223:Jacques Santer
6215:Main article:
6212:
6211:Jacques Santer
6209:
6186:Main article:
6171:
6170:Jacques Delors
6168:
6140:Home Secretary
6104:Rey Commission
6086:
6085:
6083:
6082:
6075:
6068:
6060:
6057:
6056:
6054:
6053:
6047:
6034:
6033:
6030:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6013:
6012:
6007:
5995:
5993:Defunct bodies
5992:
5991:
5988:
5987:
5984:
5983:
5978:
5971:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5955:
5943:
5942:
5937:
5936:
5935:
5930:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5823:
5822:
5810:
5798:
5786:
5774:
5762:
5750:
5738:
5726:
5714:
5702:
5690:
5678:
5666:
5654:
5642:
5630:
5618:
5606:
5594:
5582:
5570:
5568:Czech Republic
5558:
5546:
5534:
5522:
5510:
5493:
5491:
5490:
5488:Defence Policy
5485:
5483:Foreign Policy
5480:
5473:
5472:
5460:
5459:
5454:
5453:
5450:
5449:
5446:
5445:
5444:
5443:
5442:
5441:
5431:
5426:
5416:
5415:
5414:
5404:
5403:
5402:
5397:
5387:
5386:
5385:
5383:Euroscepticism
5380:
5375:
5370:
5360:
5359:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5335:
5334:
5333:
5323:
5322:
5321:
5311:
5305:
5302:
5301:
5298:
5297:
5294:
5293:
5288:
5286:Recommendation
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5267:
5266:
5261:
5245:
5240:
5239:
5236:
5235:
5232:
5231:
5219:
5207:
5195:
5183:
5171:
5159:
5147:
5135:
5123:
5111:
5099:
5087:
5075:
5063:
5051:
5039:
5027:
5015:
5003:
4991:
4979:
4977:Czech Republic
4967:
4955:
4943:
4931:
4919:
4902:
4898:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4846:
4845:
4840:
4838:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4825:Constituencies
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4796:
4791:
4790:
4787:
4786:
4775:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4754:
4752:
4751:
4738:
4725:
4709:Non-EU members
4707:
4705:
4704:
4692:
4680:
4668:
4656:
4644:
4632:
4620:
4608:
4596:
4584:
4572:
4560:
4548:
4536:
4524:
4512:
4500:
4488:
4476:
4464:
4452:
4450:Czech Republic
4440:
4428:
4415:
4403:
4391:
4374:
4373:
4368:
4367:
4364:
4363:
4352:
4351:
4337:
4319:
4317:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4294:
4293:
4280:
4267:
4254:
4238:Non-EU members
4236:
4234:
4233:
4220:
4207:
4194:
4181:
4168:
4155:
4142:
4129:
4116:
4103:
4090:
4077:
4064:
4051:
4038:
4025:
4012:
3999:
3986:
3973:
3971:Czech Republic
3960:
3947:
3934:
3921:
3907:
3902:
3901:
3898:
3897:
3884:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3847:
3846:
3841:
3839:
3838:
3833:
3826:
3825:
3813:
3801:
3789:
3777:
3765:
3753:
3734:
3729:
3728:
3727:
3726:
3702:
3697:
3696:
3684:
3672:
3660:
3648:
3636:
3624:
3612:
3600:
3588:
3576:
3564:
3552:
3540:
3528:
3516:
3504:
3492:
3480:
3468:
3449:
3448:
3443:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3427:
3426:
3419:
3418:
3416:United Kingdom
3405:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3370:
3357:
3344:
3331:
3318:
3305:
3292:
3279:
3266:
3253:
3240:
3227:
3214:
3201:
3188:
3175:
3162:
3149:
3136:
3123:
3110:
3108:Czech Republic
3097:
3084:
3071:
3058:
3045:
3031:
3026:
3025:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2961:
2956:
2944:
2942:
2941:
2936:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2922:
2921:
2920:of the Euratom
2918:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2907:
2899:
2898:
2897:
2892:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2873:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2798:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2766:Euro banknotes
2763:
2758:
2744:
2739:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2685:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2612:
2611:
2610:
2605:
2595:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2582:
2572:
2560:Largest groups
2557:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2525:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2510:
2496:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2439:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2424:Configurations
2422:
2413:
2399:
2392:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2376:
2371:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2328:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2265:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2245:
2236:Other treaties
2234:
2224:
2219:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2157:
2151:
2148:Treaty of Nice
2145:
2139:
2133:
2127:
2121:
2115:
2112:Euratom Treaty
2109:
2106:Treaty of Rome
2103:
2097:
2091:
2085:
2078:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2031:
2030:
2011:
2009:
2008:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1974:
1962:
1950:
1938:
1926:
1914:
1902:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1866:
1853:
1840:
1827:
1814:
1801:
1788:
1775:
1762:
1749:
1736:
1723:
1710:
1697:
1684:
1671:
1658:
1645:
1632:
1619:
1606:
1604:Czech Republic
1593:
1580:
1567:
1554:
1541:
1527:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1482:
1479:
1475:Jacques Delors
1467:Étienne Hirsch
1392:(EEC) and the
1374:High Authority
1368:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1357:
1350:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1329:
1322:
1318:
1317:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1248:
1237:
1226:
1215:
1202:
1199:
1191:Robert Schuman
1176:
1173:
1140:oath of office
1109:European Union
1079:
1078:
1067:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1059:
1053:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1030:
1029:Responsible to
1026:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
965:Interpretation
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
880:Climate Action
877:
872:
863:
862:
861:
859:
855:
854:
849:
845:
844:
834:
830:
829:
818:
814:
813:
811:European Union
808:
804:
803:
801:
800:
787:
774:
761:
748:
735:
722:
709:
696:
683:
670:
657:
644:
631:
618:
605:
592:
579:
566:
553:
540:
527:
525:Czech Republic
514:
501:
488:
475:
462:
443:
442:
441:
439:
435:
434:
421:
417:
416:
412:
411:
403:
402:
398:
397:
390:
383:
382:
375:
368:
367:
360:
353:
352:
345:
338:
337:
330:
323:
322:
315:
308:
307:
300:
293:
292:
285:
278:
277:
270:
263:
262:
255:
248:
247:
240:
233:
232:
225:
218:
217:
210:
203:
202:
195:
188:
187:
180:
173:
172:
165:
158:
157:
150:
143:
142:
135:
128:
127:
120:
113:
112:
105:
98:
97:
90:
83:
82:
75:
68:
67:
60:
53:
52:
45:
38:
37:
31:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13525:
13514:
13511:
13509:
13506:
13504:
13501:
13499:
13496:
13495:
13493:
13477:
13469:
13464:
13461:
13457:
13452:
13449:
13445:
13441:
13436:
13433:
13428:
13425:
13420:
13417:
13412:
13409:
13404:
13401:
13396:
13393:
13392:Martin Schulz
13388:
13385:
13380:
13377:
13372:
13369:
13364:
13361:
13356:
13353:
13348:
13345:
13340:
13337:
13336:Angela Merkel
13332:
13329:
13328:Javier Solana
13324:
13321:
13316:
13313:
13308:
13305:
13301:
13296:
13293:
13288:
13285:
13280:
13277:
13276:György Konrád
13272:
13271:
13269:
13265:
13258:
13253:
13250:
13245:
13242:
13237:
13234:
13229:
13226:
13225:Queen Beatrix
13221:
13218:
13213:
13210:
13205:
13202:
13197:
13194:
13189:
13186:
13181:
13178:
13173:
13170:
13169:Brother Roger
13165:
13162:
13158:
13153:
13150:
13145:
13142:
13137:
13132:
13127:
13122:
13119:
13114:
13111:
13106:
13101:
13098:
13093:
13090:
13085:
13082:
13081:Walter Scheel
13077:
13074:
13073:Leo Tindemans
13069:
13068:
13066:
13062:
13053:
13048:
13045:
13040:
13037:
13032:
13027:
13024:
13019:
13016:
13011:
13006:
13003:
12998:
12995:
12990:
12985:
12982:
12981:Antonio Segni
12977:
12974:
12969:
12964:
12961:
12956:
12953:
12948:
12945:
12940:
12937:
12932:
12929:
12924:
12921:
12916:
12911:
12908:
12903:
12900:
12895:
12892:
12887:
12884:
12879:
12876:
12871:
12870:
12868:
12864:
12860:
12852:
12847:
12845:
12840:
12838:
12833:
12832:
12829:
12817:
12814:
12812:
12809:
12808:
12803:
12799:
12798:
12794:
12788:
12785:
12783:
12780:
12778:
12775:
12773:
12770:
12768:
12765:
12763:
12760:
12758:
12755:
12754:
12752:
12750:
12746:
12736:
12733:
12731:
12728:
12726:
12723:
12721:
12718:
12716:
12715:Media freedom
12713:
12711:
12708:
12706:
12703:
12701:
12698:
12696:
12693:
12691:
12690:
12686:
12685:
12682:
12679:
12677:
12673:
12661:
12658:
12656:
12653:
12652:
12651:
12648:
12646:
12643:
12641:
12638:
12636:
12633:
12631:
12628:
12626:
12623:
12621:
12618:
12616:
12613:
12611:
12608:
12606:
12603:
12601:
12598:
12596:
12593:
12591:
12588:
12584:
12581:
12580:
12579:
12576:
12574:
12571:
12569:
12566:
12564:
12561:
12559:
12556:
12552:
12549:
12548:
12547:
12544:
12542:
12539:
12538:
12536:
12534:
12528:
12520:
12517:
12515:
12512:
12510:
12507:
12505:
12502:
12500:
12497:
12495:
12492:
12488:
12485:
12484:
12483:
12480:
12478:
12475:
12471:
12468:
12467:
12466:
12463:
12461:
12460:Energy policy
12458:
12456:
12453:
12451:
12450:Customs Union
12448:
12446:
12443:
12441:
12438:
12437:
12436:
12435:Single market
12433:
12427:
12424:
12423:
12422:
12419:
12415:
12412:
12410:
12407:
12406:
12405:
12402:
12400:
12397:
12396:
12395:
12392:
12388:
12385:
12383:
12380:
12378:
12375:
12371:
12368:
12367:
12366:
12363:
12362:
12361:
12358:
12354:
12351:
12349:
12346:
12343:
12339:
12338:identity card
12336:
12334:
12331:
12329:
12326:
12324:
12321:
12318:
12315:
12313:
12312:Schengen Area
12310:
12308:
12305:
12304:
12303:
12300:
12299:
12297:
12293:
12287:
12284:
12282:
12279:
12277:
12274:
12272:
12269:
12267:
12264:
12262:
12259:
12257:
12254:
12252:
12249:
12247:
12244:
12242:
12239:
12237:
12234:
12232:
12229:
12227:
12224:
12222:
12219:
12217:
12214:
12213:
12211:
12207:
12204:
12202:
12198:
12188:
12185:
12183:
12180:
12178:
12175:
12173:
12170:
12166:
12163:
12162:
12161:
12158:
12152:
12149:
12148:
12147:
12144:
12143:
12142:
12139:
12137:
12134:
12132:
12129:
12127:
12124:
12122:
12119:
12118:
12115:
12112:
12110:
12106:
12098:
12095:
12093:
12090:
12089:
12088:
12085:
12083:
12080:
12078:
12075:
12073:
12070:
12068:
12065:
12063:
12060:
12058:
12057:
12053:
12051:
12048:
12044:
12041:
12040:
12039:
12036:
12034:
12033:Copyright law
12031:
12029:
12026:
12024:
12021:
12019:
12016:
12015:
12013:
12011:
12007:
11997:
11994:
11992:
11989:
11987:
11984:
11983:
11981:
11975:
11969:
11966:
11964:
11961:
11960:
11958:
11952:
11946:
11943:
11942:
11940:
11936:
11930:
11927:
11925:
11922:
11921:
11919:
11913:
11907:
11904:
11902:
11899:
11897:
11894:
11890:EIB Institute
11889:
11887:
11884:
11882:
11879:
11878:
11876:
11874:
11871:
11870:
11868:
11860:
11848:
11845:
11844:
11843:
11840:
11839:
11837:
11835:
11831:
11823:
11820:
11818:
11815:
11813:
11810:
11809:
11808:
11805:
11804:
11802:
11800:
11796:
11788:
11787:General Court
11785:
11783:
11780:
11779:
11778:
11775:
11774:
11772:
11770:
11766:
11758:
11755:
11753:
11752:Commissioners
11750:
11748:
11745:
11743:
11740:
11739:
11738:
11735:
11731:
11728:
11726:
11723:
11722:
11721:
11718:
11717:
11715:
11713:
11709:
11701:
11698:
11696:
11693:
11691:
11688:
11687:
11686:
11683:
11679:
11676:
11674:
11671:
11669:
11666:
11662:
11659:
11658:
11657:
11654:
11652:
11649:
11647:
11644:
11642:
11639:
11637:
11634:
11633:
11632:
11629:
11628:
11626:
11624:
11620:
11617:
11615:
11611:
11608:
11606:
11602:
11592:
11589:
11587:
11584:
11582:
11576:
11574:
11571:
11569:
11568:Member states
11566:
11564:
11561:
11559:
11556:
11554:
11551:
11549:
11546:
11544:
11541:
11539:
11536:
11534:
11531:
11530:
11527:
11524:
11522:
11518:
11508:
11505:
11503:
11500:
11498:
11495:
11493:
11490:
11488:
11485:
11484:
11482:
11480:
11476:
11470:
11467:
11465:
11462:
11460:
11457:
11455:
11452:
11450:
11447:
11445:
11442:
11440:
11437:
11435:
11432:
11430:
11427:
11426:
11424:
11422:
11418:
11408:
11406:
11401:
11399:
11397:
11392:
11391:
11389:
11387:
11383:
11377:
11374:
11372:
11369:
11368:
11366:
11364:
11360:
11350:
11347:
11346:
11343:
11337:
11334:
11332:
11329:
11328:
11325:
11319:
11316:
11314:
11311:
11310:
11307:
11304:
11302:
11298:
11292:
11289:
11287:
11284:
11283:
11281:
11279:
11275:
11272:
11268:
11262:
11259:
11257:
11254:
11252:
11249:
11247:
11244:
11242:
11239:
11237:
11234:
11232:
11229:
11228:
11226:
11224:
11220:
11217:
11215:
11211:
11206:
11199:
11194:
11192:
11187:
11185:
11180:
11179:
11176:
11164:
11154:
11153:
11150:
11144:
11141:
11139:
11136:
11134:
11131:
11129:
11126:
11124:
11123:Jean Monnet 2
11121:
11119:
11116:
11114:
11111:
11109:
11106:
11104:
11101:
11099:
11096:
11095:
11093:
11089:
11083:
11080:
11078:
11075:
11073:
11070:
11068:
11067:Legal Service
11065:
11063:
11060:
11058:
11055:
11053:
11050:
11048:
11045:
11043:
11040:
11038:
11035:
11033:
11030:
11029:
11027:
11025:
11021:
11015:
11012:
11010:
11007:
11003:
11000:
10999:
10998:
10995:
10993:
10990:
10988:
10985:
10983:
10980:
10978:
10975:
10973:
10972:Communication
10970:
10969:
10967:
10965:
10961:
10955:
10952:
10950:
10947:
10945:
10942:
10940:
10937:
10935:
10932:
10931:
10929:
10925:
10919:
10916:
10914:
10911:
10909:
10906:
10904:
10901:
10899:
10896:
10894:
10891:
10889:
10886:
10884:
10881:
10879:
10876:
10874:
10871:
10869:
10866:
10864:
10861:
10859:
10856:
10854:
10851:
10849:
10846:
10844:
10841:
10839:
10836:
10834:
10831:
10829:
10826:
10824:
10821:
10819:
10816:
10815:
10813:
10809:
10804:
10794:
10791:
10789:
10786:
10784:
10781:
10779:
10776:
10774:
10771:
10770:
10768:
10766:
10765:Civil Service
10762:
10756:
10752:
10749:
10748:
10743:
10742:
10739:
10735:
10732:
10727:
10718:
10713:
10711:
10706:
10704:
10699:
10698:
10695:
10683:
10680:
10678:
10675:
10673:
10670:
10668:
10665:
10664:
10661:
10653:
10647:
10644:
10640:
10634:
10631:
10627:
10621:
10618:
10614:
10608:
10605:
10604:
10602:
10598:
10593:
10585:
10579:
10576:
10572:
10566:
10563:
10559:
10553:
10549:
10545:
10539:
10536:
10532:
10526:
10523:
10519:
10513:
10510:
10506:
10500:
10497:
10493:
10487:
10484:
10480:
10474:
10471:
10467:
10461:
10458:
10454:
10448:
10445:
10444:
10442:
10437:
10432:
10424:
10418:
10415:
10414:
10412:
10407:
10402:
10394:
10388:
10385:
10381:
10375:
10372:
10368:
10362:
10359:
10358:
10356:
10351:
10346:
10338:
10332:
10328:
10324:
10318:
10315:
10311:
10305:
10302:
10298:
10292:
10289:
10285:
10279:
10276:
10272:
10266:
10263:
10262:
10260:
10255:
10250:
10246:
10242:
10237:
10228:
10223:
10221:
10216:
10214:
10209:
10208:
10205:
10198:
10195:
10192:
10189:
10185:
10182:
10179:
10175:
10172:
10170:
10166:
10163:
10160:
10157:
10156:
10143:
10137:
10133:
10129:
10128:
10120:
10104:
10100:
10099:
10094:
10087:
10071:
10067:
10063:
10059:
10053:
10037:
10033:
10029:
10023:
10021:
10004:
10000:
9996:
9990:
9988:
9971:
9967:
9963:
9957:
9955:
9938:
9934:
9930:
9924:
9922:
9905:
9901:
9897:
9893:
9888:
9880:
9864:
9860:
9856:
9849:
9833:
9829:
9825:
9818:
9802:
9798:
9794:
9790:
9783:
9775:
9771:
9767:
9760:
9744:
9740:
9734:
9718:
9714:
9707:
9691:
9687:
9680:
9664:
9660:
9656:
9649:
9633:
9629:
9624:
9616:
9600:
9596:
9591:
9583:
9575:
9571:
9567:
9563:
9556:
9554:
9537:
9533:
9529:
9522:
9506:
9502:
9501:Federal Union
9498:
9491:
9483:
9479:
9475:
9471:
9464:
9448:
9444:
9440:
9433:
9417:
9413:
9409:
9405:
9404:Martin Schulz
9399:
9383:
9379:
9375:
9368:
9351:
9346:
9342:
9335:
9319:
9315:
9311:
9304:
9288:
9284:
9278:
9262:
9258:
9251:
9249:
9232:
9228:
9221:
9205:
9201:
9197:
9191:
9175:
9171:
9165:
9149:
9145:
9138:
9122:
9118:
9111:
9095:
9091:
9085:
9070:
9066:
9060:
9044:
9040:
9036:
9029:
9021:
9019:9780333587430
9015:
9010:
9009:
9000:
8993:
8978:
8971:
8965:
8957:
8951:
8947:
8943:
8942:
8937:
8931:
8915:
8911:
8907:
8900:
8898:
8881:
8877:
8871:
8869:
8852:
8848:
8842:
8835:
8831:
8828:
8823:
8807:
8803:
8797:
8789:
8782:
8766:
8762:
8761:The Economist
8757:
8750:
8734:
8730:
8726:
8720:
8704:
8700:
8696:
8689:
8673:
8669:
8665:
8661:
8660:Wallis, Diana
8655:
8648:
8647:
8640:
8631:
8615:
8611:
8604:
8585:
8578:
8572:
8556:
8552:
8546:
8530:
8523:
8516:
8497:
8490:
8483:
8481:
8464:
8460:
8454:
8438:
8434:
8428:
8412:
8408:
8404:
8398:
8396:
8386:
8370:
8366:
8362:
8356:
8354:
8352:
8335:
8331:
8325:
8310:
8303:
8287:
8283:
8277:
8261:
8257:
8250:
8243:
8239:
8236:
8231:
8224:
8220:
8217:
8212:
8193:
8186:
8179:
8163:
8159:
8153:
8151:
8143:
8139:
8135:
8132:
8127:
8111:
8107:
8103:
8096:
8087:
8079:
8075:
8069:
8053:
8049:
8042:
8034:
8030:
8026:
8019:
8003:
7999:
7992:
7976:
7972:
7971:
7970:Business Week
7966:
7959:
7943:
7939:
7935:
7928:
7912:
7908:
7902:
7883:
7876:
7869:
7853:
7849:
7843:
7835:
7829:
7825:
7818:
7802:
7798:
7794:
7787:
7771:
7767:
7761:
7745:
7741:
7735:
7719:
7715:
7709:
7693:
7689:
7683:
7667:
7663:
7659:
7653:
7637:
7633:
7627:
7611:
7607:
7601:
7585:
7581:
7575:
7559:
7555:
7549:
7533:
7529:
7528:"Composition"
7523:
7521:
7519:
7510:
7504:
7500:
7496:
7495:
7490:
7484:
7465:
7461:
7454:
7447:
7445:
7428:
7424:
7418:
7402:
7398:
7392:
7390:
7388:
7386:
7384:
7377:
7372:
7370:
7368:
7366:
7357:
7351:
7347:
7346:
7338:
7336:
7319:
7315:
7311:
7305:
7289:
7285:
7279:
7272:
7260:
7256:
7250:
7243:
7228:
7224:
7222:92-79-02225-3
7218:
7211:
7210:
7202:
7198:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7169:
7165:
7154:
7147:
7145:
7141:
7137:
7133:
7129:
7125:
7121:
7117:
7113:
7109:
7105:
7101:
7096:
7092:
7088:
7084:
7080:
7071:
7062:
7058:
7056:
7051:
7049:
7039:
7037:
7033:
7018:
7016:
7012:
7007:
7002:
7000:
6996:
6995:central banks
6991:
6987:
6986:civil society
6982:
6980:
6975:
6971:
6967:
6960:
6950:
6948:
6944:
6943:news agencies
6940:
6936:
6932:
6931:correspondent
6927:
6923:
6919:
6916:
6912:
6903:
6894:
6892:
6888:
6882:
6879:
6874:
6872:
6868:
6864:
6860:
6856:
6848:
6843:
6838:
6828:
6826:
6822:
6818:
6812:
6809:
6799:
6795:
6793:
6783:
6781:
6777:
6773:
6768:
6767:
6762:
6758:
6753:
6751:
6746:
6742:
6738:
6734:
6729:
6727:
6723:
6719:
6715:
6711:
6707:
6698:
6689:
6687:
6686:Civil Service
6683:
6679:
6675:
6671:
6667:
6666:Commissioners
6660:
6650:
6648:
6644:
6640:
6636:
6632:
6627:
6625:
6621:
6617:
6613:
6609:
6599:
6597:
6593:
6589:
6588:Stavros Dimas
6585:
6581:
6578:. In 2006, a
6577:
6572:
6570:
6566:
6562:
6558:
6554:
6553:due diligence
6550:
6545:
6541:
6537:
6533:
6528:
6526:
6522:
6518:
6513:
6503:
6501:
6495:
6493:
6488:
6478:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6464:
6460:
6456:
6445:
6443:
6439:
6435:
6431:
6427:
6426:Teresa Ribera
6421:
6419:
6415:
6414:Manfred Weber
6411:
6407:
6403:
6399:
6395:
6389:
6382:
6377:
6368:
6366:
6361:
6359:
6353:
6343:
6341:
6336:
6334:
6330:
6326:
6322:
6318:
6314:
6309:
6306:
6302:
6296:
6294:
6289:
6286:
6281:
6271:
6269:
6265:
6259:
6249:
6247:
6243:
6239:
6234:
6232:
6228:
6227:Édith Cresson
6224:
6218:
6208:
6205:
6204:
6199:
6195:
6189:
6181:
6176:
6167:
6165:
6161:
6157:
6153:
6149:
6145:
6141:
6137:
6133:
6129:
6125:
6121:
6116:
6114:
6110:
6109:customs union
6105:
6101:
6097:
6096:Merger Treaty
6093:
6081:
6076:
6074:
6069:
6067:
6062:
6061:
6059:
6058:
6052:
6049:
6048:
6046:
6036:
6035:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5996:
5990:
5989:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5973:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5953:
5949:
5946:
5945:
5941:
5938:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5925:
5923:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5825:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5498:
5496:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5475:
5471:
5470:Josep Borrell
5468:
5467:
5465:
5464:
5457:
5452:
5451:
5440:
5437:
5436:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5421:
5420:
5417:
5413:
5410:
5409:
5408:
5405:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5392:
5391:
5388:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5365:
5364:
5361:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5338:
5336:
5332:
5329:
5328:
5327:
5324:
5320:
5317:
5316:
5315:
5314:Customs Union
5312:
5310:
5307:
5306:
5300:
5299:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5265:
5262:
5259:
5258:ECJ Case 6/64
5255:
5252:
5251:
5250:
5247:
5246:
5243:
5238:
5237:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5014:
5009:
5004:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4907:
4905:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4843:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4830:Apportionment
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4794:
4789:
4788:
4779:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4759:
4757:
4750:
4739:
4737:
4736:Liechtenstein
4726:
4724:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4371:
4366:
4365:
4356:
4349:
4338:
4336:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4296:
4292:
4281:
4279:
4268:
4266:
4265:Liechtenstein
4255:
4253:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4232:
4221:
4219:
4208:
4206:
4195:
4193:
4182:
4180:
4169:
4167:
4156:
4154:
4143:
4141:
4130:
4128:
4117:
4115:
4104:
4102:
4091:
4089:
4078:
4076:
4065:
4063:
4052:
4050:
4039:
4037:
4026:
4024:
4013:
4011:
4000:
3998:
3987:
3985:
3974:
3972:
3961:
3959:
3948:
3946:
3935:
3933:
3922:
3920:
3909:
3908:
3905:
3904:Schengen Area
3900:
3899:
3890:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3844:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3824:
3823:Swedish krona
3819:
3814:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3752:
3751:Bulgarian lev
3747:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3738:
3732:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3714:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3706:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3563:
3558:
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2866:AFSC agencies
2865:
2863:CFSP agencies
2862:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2855:
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2844:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2831:
2828:
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2825:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2805:EIB Institute
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2782:
2781:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
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2696:
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2671:
2670:General Court
2668:
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2599:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2579:Iratxe García
2576:
2573:
2570:
2569:Manfred Weber
2566:
2563:
2562:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2549:
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2361:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2351:Civil Service
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2335:Von der Leyen
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2310:
2307:
2305:
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2301:
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2240:
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2200:
2196:
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2158:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2118:Merger Treaty
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2071:
2070:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1878:
1867:
1865:
1854:
1852:
1841:
1839:
1828:
1826:
1815:
1813:
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1800:
1789:
1787:
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1774:
1763:
1761:
1750:
1748:
1737:
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1724:
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1711:
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1607:
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1594:
1592:
1581:
1579:
1568:
1566:
1555:
1553:
1542:
1540:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1522:Member states
1518:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1486:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1435:Kennedy Round
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
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1363:
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1323:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1297:
1290:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1258:Lisbon Treaty
1252:
1249:
1247:
1246:
1245:Merger Treaty
1238:
1236:
1235:
1234:Rome treaties
1227:
1225:
1224:
1216:
1214:
1207:
1206:
1201:Establishment
1198:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1187:supranational
1182:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1090:
1085:
1076:
1068:
1064:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
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938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
885:Communication
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
867:
860:
856:
853:
850:
846:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
822:
819:
815:
812:
809:
805:
799:
788:
786:
775:
773:
762:
760:
749:
747:
736:
734:
723:
721:
710:
708:
697:
695:
684:
682:
671:
669:
658:
656:
645:
643:
632:
630:
619:
617:
606:
604:
593:
591:
580:
578:
567:
565:
554:
552:
541:
539:
528:
526:
515:
513:
502:
500:
489:
487:
476:
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463:
461:
450:
449:
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436:
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413:
409:
404:
395:
391:
388:
385:
384:
380:
376:
373:
370:
369:
365:
361:
358:
355:
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350:
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340:
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331:
328:
325:
324:
320:
316:
313:
310:
309:
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301:
298:
295:
294:
290:
286:
283:
280:
279:
275:
271:
268:
265:
264:
260:
256:
253:
250:
249:
245:
241:
238:
235:
234:
230:
226:
223:
220:
219:
215:
211:
208:
205:
204:
196:
193:
190:
189:
185:
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178:
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166:
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136:
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100:
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91:
88:
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76:
73:
70:
69:
65:
61:
58:
55:
54:
46:
43:
40:
39:
34:
29:
22:
19:
13400:Pope Francis
13302: /
13267:2001–present
13257:Bill Clinton
13233:Roman Herzog
13185:Václav Havel
13159: /
13014:
12973:Edward Heath
12687:
12509:Space policy
12177:Average wage
12172:Minimum wage
12055:
11799:Central bank
11736:
11614:Institutions
11538:Demographics
11421:Enlargements
11404:
11395:
11363:Central bank
11270:Predecessors
10992:Publications
10927:External DGs
10745:
10733:
10596:
10565:Romano Prodi
10552:Manuel Marín
10512:Gaston Thorn
10361:Louis Armand
10331:Albert Coppé
10244:
10180:in Florence.
10126:
10119:
10107:. Retrieved
10103:the original
10096:
10086:
10076:17 September
10074:. Retrieved
10061:
10052:
10040:. Retrieved
10031:
10007:. Retrieved
9998:
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9965:
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9932:
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9827:
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9801:the original
9792:
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9774:the original
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9759:
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9743:the original
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9717:the original
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9690:the original
9679:
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9663:the original
9658:
9648:
9636:. Retrieved
9627:
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9603:. Retrieved
9594:
9582:
9565:
9561:
9542:24 September
9540:. Retrieved
9531:
9521:
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9505:the original
9490:
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9469:
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9451:. Retrieved
9442:
9432:
9420:. Retrieved
9416:the original
9411:
9398:
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9382:the original
9377:
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9355:. Retrieved
9350:the original
9344:
9334:
9322:. Retrieved
9313:
9303:
9291:. Retrieved
9277:
9265:. Retrieved
9235:. Retrieved
9220:
9208:. Retrieved
9199:
9190:
9178:. Retrieved
9174:the original
9170:"Eurojargon"
9164:
9152:. Retrieved
9137:
9125:. Retrieved
9110:
9098:. Retrieved
9093:
9084:
9072:. Retrieved
9068:
9059:
9047:. Retrieved
9038:
9028:
9012:. Palgrave.
9007:
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8991:
8984:. Retrieved
8977:the original
8964:
8940:
8930:
8918:. Retrieved
8914:the original
8909:
8884:. Retrieved
8880:the original
8855:. Retrieved
8851:the original
8841:
8822:
8810:. Retrieved
8806:the original
8796:
8787:
8781:
8769:. Retrieved
8760:
8749:
8737:. Retrieved
8733:the original
8728:
8719:
8707:. Retrieved
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8672:the original
8667:
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8644:
8639:
8630:
8618:. Retrieved
8614:the original
8603:
8591:. Retrieved
8584:the original
8571:
8559:. Retrieved
8555:the original
8545:
8533:. Retrieved
8515:
8503:. Retrieved
8496:the original
8467:. Retrieved
8453:
8441:. Retrieved
8427:
8415:. Retrieved
8406:
8385:
8373:. Retrieved
8369:the original
8338:. Retrieved
8334:the original
8324:
8314:17 September
8312:. Retrieved
8302:
8290:. Retrieved
8276:
8264:. Retrieved
8258:. Politico.
8249:
8230:
8211:
8199:. Retrieved
8178:
8166:. Retrieved
8162:the original
8141:
8126:
8116:15 September
8114:. Retrieved
8110:the original
8105:
8095:
8086:
8078:the original
8068:
8056:. Retrieved
8052:the original
8041:
8033:the original
8028:
8018:
8006:. Retrieved
8002:the original
7991:
7979:. Retrieved
7975:the original
7968:
7958:
7946:. Retrieved
7942:the original
7937:
7927:
7915:. Retrieved
7901:
7889:. Retrieved
7868:
7856:. Retrieved
7842:
7823:
7817:
7805:. Retrieved
7801:the original
7796:
7786:
7774:. Retrieved
7760:
7748:. Retrieved
7744:the original
7734:
7722:. Retrieved
7708:
7698:25 September
7696:. Retrieved
7692:the original
7682:
7670:. Retrieved
7661:
7652:
7640:. Retrieved
7626:
7614:. Retrieved
7600:
7588:. Retrieved
7574:
7562:. Retrieved
7548:
7536:. Retrieved
7493:
7483:
7473:24 September
7471:. Retrieved
7464:the original
7431:. Retrieved
7417:
7405:. Retrieved
7344:
7322:. Retrieved
7313:
7304:
7292:. Retrieved
7278:
7270:
7265:13 September
7263:. Retrieved
7249:
7241:
7234:. Retrieved
7227:the original
7208:
7201:
7076:
7059:
7052:
7045:
7029:
7003:
6983:
6962:
6928:
6924:
6920:
6908:
6883:
6875:
6852:
6813:
6805:
6796:
6789:
6765:
6754:
6737:Commissioner
6730:
6703:
6663:
6628:
6605:
6573:
6557:human rights
6529:
6509:
6496:
6484:
6467:
6451:
6422:
6391:
6362:
6355:
6337:
6332:
6328:
6324:
6310:
6297:
6293:Guido Strack
6290:
6283:
6264:Romano Prodi
6261:
6252:Romano Prodi
6237:
6235:
6220:
6201:
6191:
6156:Gaston Thorn
6117:
6091:
6089:
6001:(1958–1993)
5494:
5461:
5341:Agricultural
5264:Subsidiarity
4903:
4841:
4755:
4708:
4375:
4320:
4237:
3842:
3811:Romanian leu
3799:Polish złoty
3775:Danish krone
3763:Czech koruna
3735:
3730:
3711:
3703:
3698:
3450:
3388:
3027:
2982:
2945:
2927:
2849:
2836:
2823:
2810:
2789:
2785:Other bodies
2701:
2686:
2639:
2621:
2536:
2423:
2408:
2393:
2386:
2318:
2317:
2285:
2255:
2235:
2220:
2185:
2100:Spaak Report
2012:
1990:
1884:
1455:Fouchet Plan
1443:European law
1415:Louis Armand
1413:
1371:
1300:
1256:
1243:
1232:
1223:Paris Treaty
1221:
1184:
1136:member state
1133:
1100:
1096:
1094:
1058:, Luxembourg
1043:Headquarters
833:Appointed by
18:
13352:Donald Tusk
13161:Helmut Kohl
13110:Simone Veil
13036:Roy Jenkins
13002:Joseph Luns
12952:Joseph Bech
12899:Jean Monnet
12787:Urban areas
12650:Enlargement
12328:Citizenship
12077:LGBT rights
11915:Independent
11730:Euro summit
11646:Secretariat
11623:Legislature
11479:Withdrawals
11128:Joseph Bech
11108:Charlemagne
11082:Translation
10863:Environment
10833:Competition
10499:Roy Jenkins
10439:(1967–2009)
10409:(1958–1967)
10353:(1958–1967)
10265:Jean Monnet
10257:(1952–1967)
9807:17 December
9422:14 December
9293:5 September
9127:27 February
8812:21 November
8292:9 September
8244:SSRN. 2021.
7112:Netherlands
7021:Initiatives
6692:Appointment
6602:Enforcement
6561:environment
6485:Before the
6438:Kaja Kallas
6136:Roy Jenkins
6128:enlargement
5736:Netherlands
5419:Integration
5363:Citizenship
5145:Netherlands
4618:Netherlands
4376:EEA members
4291:Switzerland
4140:Netherlands
3646:Netherlands
3403:Switzerland
3290:Netherlands
2594:(2019–2024)
2592:9th session
2499:Secretariat
2270:(2015–2016)
1786:Netherlands
1378:Jean Monnet
1146:(currently
1107:arm of the
1020:Translation
950:Informatics
920:Environment
895:Competition
707:Netherlands
420:Established
13492:Categories
13249:Tony Blair
13177:Gyula Horn
12762:Directives
12660:Statistics
12482:Healthcare
12221:Eurosphere
12126:Currencies
12097:Withdrawal
12072:Regulation
11877:EIB Group
11822:Eurosystem
11690:Presidency
11651:Committees
11591:Statistics
11261:Since 2004
11098:Berlaymont
10811:Policy DGs
10783:Comitology
10597:Commission
10291:Paul Finet
10278:René Mayer
10241:Presidents
9828:EUobserver
9749:25 October
9723:25 October
9696:25 October
9638:25 October
9628:EUobserver
9605:25 October
9595:EUobserver
9562:Governance
9470:Governance
9412:Presseurop
9388:9 December
9378:Presseurop
9267:17 October
9237:17 October
9154:18 January
8771:22 October
8142:EUobserver
8058:25 October
7858:25 October
7807:17 October
7672:14 January
7236:4 December
7193:References
7091:Strasbourg
7017:movement.
7006:statistics
6966:since 1999
6957:See also:
6947:Presseurop
6939:EuroparlTV
6859:ministries
6819:under the
6766:ex officio
6670:portfolios
6616:comitology
6379:Incumbent
6178:President
6160:Commission
5712:Luxembourg
5271:Regulation
5121:Luxembourg
4594:Luxembourg
4114:Luxembourg
3622:Luxembourg
3264:Luxembourg
2875:SRM bodies
2771:Euro coins
2615:Conference
2395:Presidency
2171:Article 50
1948:Montenegro
1760:Luxembourg
1129:ministries
1115:, with 27
1089:Berlaymont
858:Ministries
848:Main organ
681:Luxembourg
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12866:1950–1975
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8739:24 August
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7917:23 August
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7590:23 August
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9970:Archived
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9904:Archived
9863:Archived
9832:Archived
9797:VoxEurop
9632:Archived
9599:Archived
9536:Archived
9447:Archived
9443:BBC News
9318:Archived
9314:BBC News
9287:Archived
9261:Archived
9231:Archived
9204:Archived
9200:Contexte
9148:Archived
9121:Archived
9049:25 March
9043:Archived
8938:(2007).
8910:BBC News
8830:Archived
8765:Archived
8703:Archived
8649:. p. 6–7
8529:Archived
8469:18 April
8463:Archived
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8437:Archived
8417:25 March
8411:Archived
8409:. 2020.
8286:Archived
8260:Archived
8238:Archived
8219:Archived
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7911:Archived
7882:Archived
7852:Archived
7770:Archived
7718:Archived
7666:Archived
7662:BBC News
7636:Archived
7610:Archived
7584:Archived
7558:Archived
7538:18 April
7532:Archived
7491:(2007).
7433:18 April
7427:Archived
7407:18 April
7401:Archived
7318:Archived
7288:Archived
7259:Archived
7150:See also
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6887:trainees
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8678:18 June
8620:18 June
8593:18 June
8561:18 June
8535:18 June
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7314:EUR-Lex
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6612:lobbies
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