Governor-General of Australia

1581:: the right to be consulted, to encourage and to warn. However, the practical ability to exercise this right is limited. Unlike in Canada or the UK, there is no tradition of regular weekly meetings between the governor-general and the prime minister, with meetings instead sporadically held at the request or either party. There is a greater capacity to exercise influence at the regular meetings of the Federal Executive Council at Government House; however this requires the governor-general to have existing legal experience due to the volume of material, the lack of any requirement for executive-councillors to be briefed or otherwise senior in the government, and the expectation by some governments that the governor-general should only act as a rubber stamp. 1590: 2296: 2123: 49: 1708: 1918: 1531: 1502:

governor-general to refer a bill back to the British government for review, which would then advise the monarch whether or not to grant assent. The British government could also advise the monarch to disallow a law passed within the last two years, which would annul the law on the governor-general's proclamation or message to the houses. However, since the assumption of full sovereignty and the emergence of an independent Crown of Australia, the British government no longer has these powers and the reservation power has only occasionally been used for bills that affect the monarch personally, such as the

1800: 6042: 61: 714: 2364: 1788: 2036: 6288: 554: 1998:... The executive power of the Commonwealth, by section 61 of the Constitution, is declared to be vested in the Queen. It is also, in the same section, declared to be "exercisable" by the Governor-General as the Queen's representative. In the face of this provision, I feel it is difficult to contend that the Queen, even though present in Australia, may exercise in person functions of executive government which are specifically assigned by the constitution to the Governor-General. 367: 1847:. However, it was still unclear whether the governor-general had the constitutional power to declare war, so in addition to requesting the assignment of powers by the monarch to the governor-general, the government also requested King George V make similar proclamations of war on Australia's behalf. No formal declarations of war have been made since World War II, although other declarations on the start and end of time of "active service" have been made in other conflicts. 719: 1680:, Garran noted that, since the Australian executive is national in nature (being dependent on the nationally elected House of Representatives, rather than the Senate), "the Governor-General, as the official head of the Executive, does not in the smallest degree represent any federal element; if he represents anything he is the image and embodiment of national unity and the outward and visible representation of the Imperial relationship of the Commonwealth". 1367: 5403:

the proposed salary is calculated by reference to the estimated average salary of the Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia over the notional five-year term of the appointment of the Governor-General. Where, in the past, a Governor-General has been the recipient of other Commonwealth entitlements - such as a judicial pension - the annual salary has been adjusted accordingly. Ms Mostyn is not a recipient of any such entitlements.

6197: 77: 2574:. However, Scullin stood firm, saying he would be prepared to fight a general election on the issue of whether an Australian should be prevented from becoming governor-general because he was Australian. On 29 November, the King agreed to Isaacs's appointment, but made it clear that he did so only because he felt he had no option. Lord Stamfordham had complained that Scullin had "put a gun to the King's head". 2350: 2543:, on 11 November 1930, that this was merely the official reason for the objection, with the real reason being that an Australian, no matter how highly regarded personally, was not considered appropriate to be a governor-general.) Scullin was equally insistent that the monarch must act on the relevant prime minister's direct advice (the practice until 1926 was that 2332: 2411:. The Australian Government was merely asked, as a matter of courtesy, whether they approved of the choice or not. Governors-general were expected to exercise a supervisory role over the Australian Government in the manner of a colonial governor. In a very real sense, they represented the British Government. They had the right to reserve legislation passed by the 2023:

of the Constitution the Governor-General is the Queen's representative and exercises certain royal prerogative powers and functions; under section 61 of the Constitution the Governor-General is the holder of a quite separate and independent office created, not by the Crown, but by the Constitution, and empowered to exercise, in his own right as Governor-General

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monarch, who by convention accepts that recommendation. Prior to the 1940s, the recommendation was made and decided by the Cabinet as a whole. The monarch then permits the recommendation to be publicly announced, usually several months before the end of the existing governor-general's term. After receiving their commission, the new governor-general takes an

4998:. "A Governor-General appointed by the Queen shall be Her Majesty's representative in the Commonwealth, and shall have and may exercise in the Commonwealth during the Queen's pleasure, but subject to this Constitution, such powers and functions of the Queen as her Majesty may be pleased to assign to him." 1978:

The 1988 Constitutional Commission report explained: "the governor-general is in no sense a delegate of the Queen. The independence of the office is highlighted by changes which have been made in recent years to the Royal Instruments relating to it". The changes occurred in 1984 when Queen Victoria's

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and as such these powers were assigned separately to the governor-general under section 2. However, the current interpretation of the Constitution is that all royal prerogatives are exercisable by the governor-general under section 61 and in recognition of this, the vesting of additional powers ended

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The governor-general is formally appointed by the monarch of Australia with a commission made under the authority of section 2 of the Constitution and regulated by letters patent issued by the monarch. When a new governor-general is to be appointed, the current prime minister recommends a name to the

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Statement by the Prime Minister to the House of Representatives, Parliamentary Debates, Vol. H of R. 138, 24 August 1984, p. 380. The Prime Minister tabled a copy of the amended letters patent relating to the office of Governor-General, together with the text of a statement relating to the document,

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for the order were amended to introduce the rank of Knight and Dame to the order, and from that time the governor-general became, ex officio, the Chancellor and Principal Knight of the order. In 1986 the letters patent were amended again, and governors-general appointed from that time were again, ex

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who had been Kerr's official secretary in 1975, described the constitution as conferring the powers and functions of Australia's head of state on the governor-general in "his own right". He stated that the governor-general was more than a representative of the sovereign, explaining: "under section 2

2010:, with the Queen's private secretary arguing that the power to commission the prime minister was "clearly placed within the jurisdiction of the governor-general, and The Queen has no part in the decisions which the Governor-General must take in accordance with the Constitution". In an address to the 1934:

in their authoritative commentary of the Constitution, noting that the governor-general of Australia was distinguished from other imperial governors-general by the fact that "he principal and most important of his powers and functions, legislative as well as executive, are expressly conferred on him

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in the King's name. This assent gives bills that have been passed by the houses of parliament the force of law, with effect either 28 days after being signed, on a date to be fixed later by proclamation or otherwise as provided in the act. The government does not formally advise the governor-general

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and with bullion edged epaulettes on the shoulders, dark navy trousers with a wide band of silver oak-leaf braid down the outside seam, silver sword belt with ceremonial sword, bicorne cocked hat with plume of ostrich feathers, black patent leather Wellington boots with spurs, etc., that is worn on

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The reserve powers are those powers that the governor-general may exercise independently, that is in the absence of or against ministerial advice. While most of these powers are listed in the Constitution, the circumstances in which they can be used with discretion is not prescribed and is a matter

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Section 3 of the Constitution provides that the salary of the Governor-General shall not be altered during their continuance in office. The Bill amends the Governor-General Act to change the sum payable for the salary of the Governor-General from $ 495,000 to $ 709,017. In line with past practice,

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the Governor-General of a Dominion is the representative of the Crown, holding in all essential respects the same position in relation to the administration of public affairs in the Dominion as is held by His Majesty the King in Great Britain, and that he is not the representative or agent of His

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instead of number plates. Originally, two Phantoms were available after being purchased in the 1970s to be used for royal tours. One of these cars was sold in 1995 to a Sydney doctor, having previously carried the Queen during a royal tour and later being pelted with eggs when it carried Sir John

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In addition to the formal constitutional role, the governor-general has a representative and ceremonial role, though the extent and nature of that role has depended on the expectations of the time, the individual in office at the time, the wishes of the incumbent government, and the individual's

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highest executive body in Australia. While some provisions in the Constitution refer the "Governor-General" and others to the "Governor-General in Council", this does not mean that there is in element of discretion in the former; this distinction merely indicates that that the former powers were

2423:. They exercised this power several times. The monarch, acting upon advice of the British Government, could also disallow any Australian legislation up to a year after the governor-general had given it the assent; although this power has never been used. These powers remain in section 59 of the 1925:

While the governor-general is the monarch's representative, as provided by section 2 of the Constitution, the powers they exercise are solely granted by the Constitution. This was not always seen to be the case however, with section 2 also providing that the governor-general may exercise other

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stated that his view of the section was that it vests command of the military in the governor-general personally, but only to the extent that the power to give orders or call out the military does not require formal advice from the Federal Executive Council but instead the direct advice of the

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of Australia's military forces is "vested in the Governor‑General as the Queen's representative". Views on the effect of this section vary, from merely making the governor-general "in effect no more than a glorified Patron of the Defence Forces" to alternatively making the governor-general the

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Many executive powers are also bestowed on the governor-general by statute. This allows the government of the day (acting through the governor-general) to perform certain acts that would otherwise require legislation. Such provision are often made where legislating may be too slow, as for the

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in 1987. While separate letters-patent still exist for the governor-general, these merely provide for the appointment of administrator in the case of the governor-general's absence or incapacity and requires the governor-general to make an oath or affirmation of allegiance and one of office.

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made only a single state visit – to Papua New Guinea – as he wished to concentrate on travelling within Australia. All subsequent governors-general have travelled widely while in office and made multiple state visits. Occasionally governors-general have made extended tours visiting multiple

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Apart from assenting to a bill, the governor-general can also reserve a bill for the King's pleasure, that is allow the monarch to give royal assent personally to a proposed bill. When the governor-general acted as a representative of the British government, this provision allowed for the

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stated in 1974: "The constitutional prescription is that executive power is exercisable by the governor-general although vested in the Queen. What is exercisable is original executive power: that is, the very thing vested in the Queen by section 61. And it is exercisable by the Queen's

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powers, subject to the Constitution, that the monarch may assign them. Additionally, the initial letters patent of Queen Victoria purported to create and empower the office of governor-general, despite their assignment already in the Constitution. This was raised as early as 1901, by

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A governor-general may be recalled or dismissed by the monarch before their term is complete. By convention, this may only be upon advice from the prime minister, who retains responsibility for selecting an immediate replacement or letting the vacancy provisions take effect. The

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It seems clear that no question of any reserve power lurks within the terms of s.68 and practical considerations make it essential, even were constitutional ones not also to require it, that the Governor-General should have no independent discretion conferred upon him by that

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reputation in the wider community. Governors-general generally become patrons of various charitable institutions, present honours and awards, host functions for various groups of people including ambassadors to and from other countries, and travel widely throughout Australia.

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A vacancy occurs on the resignation, death, or incapacity of the governor-general. A temporary vacancy occurs when the governor-general is overseas on official business representing Australia. A temporary vacancy also occurred in 2003 when Peter Hollingworth stood aside.

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advised the Queen to amend the letters patent of the Order of Australia to reinstate knighthoods into the Order, with the governor-general becoming the Principal Knight or Dame of the order. However, in 2015 knighthoods were once again abolished by new prime minister

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by the opposition controlled Senate, arguing that this gave him both the right and duty to dismiss the government when they did not resign or advise an election. The event remains one of the most highly debated and controversial in Australian political history.

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In their ceremonial and community roles, the governor-general represents the nation as a whole. Domestically, this role entails attending services and commemorations, sponsoring community organisations and hosting events at one of the two official residences

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Finally, the governor-general can refer a bill back to the houses with suggested changes. This has only happened when once passed, the government has realised a bill requires further amendment and requests the governor-general return the bill to the house.

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governments continued to recommend British people for appointment as governor-general, but such appointments remained solely a matter between the Australian government and the monarch. In 1947, Labor appointed a second Australian governor-general,

2462:'s term was about to expire, Hughes cabled the Colonial Office and asked that the appointment be made in accordance with the memorandum. To mollify Hughes, Milner offered him a choice between three candidates. After consulting his cabinet he chose 406:

does not set a term of office, so a governor-general may continue to hold office for any agreed length of time. In recent decades the typical term of office has been five years. Some early governors-general were appointed to terms of just one year

249:, in which they act independently, not as monarch's delegate or agent. They also have a significant community role, through recognising meritorious individuals and groups, and representing the nation as a whole. The current governor-general is 1966:

Certain provisions in the Constitution provide that the governor-general, specifically as the monarch's representative, is vested with the command in chief of the military and is able to exercise the executive power of the federal government.

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extensively lobbied his government in an attempt to regain the right to wear a uniform, going as far to contact Sir John Kerr in desparation, hoping he could contact the Palace directly. However, it does not appear that he was successful.

9748: 1828:, to call out the Defence Force, and declare a time of war, exercised as ordinary executive powers on advice. Additionally, all officers are appointed by the governor-general on behalf of the monarch with a personally signed commission. 1538:

Under the Constitution, the executive power of the Commonwealth is vested in the monarch, but is exercisable by the governor-general. However, such power is only exercised on the advice of ministers in accordance with the principles of

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dismissed from the governor-generalship, and went as far as to have the necessary documents drawn up. Casey had twice called McMahon into Yarralumla to give him a "dressing down" over his poor relationship with deputy prime minister

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The powers of command-in-chief are vested in the governor-general rather than the "Governor-General in Council", however this does not denote an element of personal discretion in their exercise. However, in 1970 governor-general

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over the next five years. Since 1995, this has been reduced to take into account any existing pension the incoming governor-general currently receives. This provision led to the salary increase of current governor-general

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At the same time as the appointment of Isaacs as the first Australian-born governor-general, a separate role of British Representative in Australia (as the representative of the British government) was established, with

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be able to nominate their own candidates and that "the field of selection should not exclude citizens of the Dominion itself". The memorandum met with strong opposition within the Colonial Office and was dismissed by

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discussed the appointment of a new governor-general to replace Lord Stonehaven, whose term was coming to an end. The King maintained that it was now his sole prerogative to choose a governor-general, and he wanted

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was fiercely opposed by the British government. This was not because of any lack of regard for Isaacs personally, but because the British government considered that the choice of governors-general was, since the

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become governor-general; however the Queen strongly indicated her disapproval of her son taking up the role until "such time as he has a settled married life". Additionally, in 2007 media outlets reported that

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The governor-general is selected by the prime minister, but formally appointed by the monarch of Australia on the prime minister's advice. Their term is not fixed, but they typically serve for five years. From

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ceremonial occasions. There is also a tropical version made of white tropical wool cut in a typical military fashion worn with a plumed helmet. However, that custom fell into disuse during the tenure of Sir

2970: 1875:, who opposed the call out, was responsible for informing Hasluck of the prime minister's lack of consultation. The incident contributed to Fraser's resignation from cabinet in 1971 and Gorton's subsequent 1485:

to the King in the presence of the governor-general or someone appointed by them before they take their seats. On the day parliament opens, the governor-general makes a speech in the Senate (similar to the

8429: 8419: 8414: 8409: 8399: 8389: 8384: 8374: 8369: 8364: 8359: 8354: 2244:. From that time until 2014, governors-general did not receive automatic titles or honours, other than the post-nominal AC by virtue of being Chancellor and Principal Companion of the Order of Australia. 9734: 3578: 2979: 1867:, on the grounds that cabinet had not been consulted. Gorton agreed to put the matter to his ministers, and a cabinet meeting agreed that troops should only be called out if requested by the territory's 2971: 6419: 5237:

but for some unknown reason he did not read the statement to the House, nor did he seek leave to have it incorporated in Hansard. The statement was later issued by the Prime Minister's Press Office.

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This right not only to advise the monarch directly, but also to expect that advice to be accepted, was soon taken up by all the other Dominion prime ministers. This, among other things, led to the

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The usual wording of official announcements of this nature read "The King has been pleased to appoint ...", but on this occasion the announcement said merely "The King has appointed ...", and his

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10,000 until the parliament decided otherwise. The Constitution also provides that the salary of the governor-general cannot be changed during their term of office. Their pay is now set by

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of the office were amended to take account of this circumstance. He later stepped down over the church's handling of allegations of sexual abuse of boys, for which he apologised before the

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Section 59 has never been used and section 60 has been used ten times. However, both sections ceased to operate in the 1930's when the UK Parliament introduced the Statute of Westminster.

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prime ministers advised the monarch indirectly, through the British government, which effectively had a veto over any proposal it did not agree with). Scullin cited the precedents of the

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the Constitution expressly vests in the Governor-General the power or duty to perform a number of the Crown's functions in the Legislature and the Executive Government of the Commonwealth

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of ministers (when performing executive actions). However, in certain limited circumstances, the governor-general can act independently without or against formal advice by exercising

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during the office-holder's term of office. Most spouses of governors-general have been content to be quietly supportive. Some, however, have been notable in their own right, such as

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The governor-general also receive a generous pension. Until 2001, governors-general did not pay income tax on their salary; this was changed after Elizabeth II agreed to pay tax.

2974: 302:. This requires them to remain politically neutral and to only act in accordance with Parliament (such as when selecting the prime minister and providing royal assent) or on the 6707: 2481:, the governor-general ceased to represent the British Government diplomatically, and the British right of supervision over Australian affairs was abolished. As a result of the 3509: 2978: 415:; later extended). At the end of this initial term, a commission may be extended for a short time, usually to avoid conflict with an election or during political difficulties. 6429: 5139: 2972: 5078: 2388:. He was selected in July 1900, returning to Australia shortly before the inauguration of the Commonwealth of Australia on 1 January 1901. After the initial confusion of the 1891:. The chief scout is nominated by the Scouting Association's National Executive Committee and is invited by the president of the Scout Association to accept the appointment. 10091: 2980: 2606: 5830: 5769: 3545: 3886: 5369: 4509: 3259: 2323:(governor of New South Wales from 1855 to 1861) also carried the additional title of governor-general because their jurisdiction extended to other colonies in Australia. 3205: 2449:

sent a memorandum to the Colonial Office in which he requested "a real and effective voice in the selection of the King's representative". He further proposed that the

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Additionally, it was also previously believed that the monarch retained certain powers, such as the power to declare war, appoint diplomatic officers and to grant

1771:(and a letter of recall at the end of a tenure) to heads of state and government and similarly formally receives foreign letters during credentials ceremonies for 1815:

ultimate head of military chain of command who may influence or deny the use of the military if it is to be used for domestic political ends. Ex-governor-general

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The governor-general is generally invited to become patron of various charitable and service organisations. Historically the governor-general has also served as

1441: 1145: 331: 3570: 2986: 2969: 2515:, and he insisted that George V act on the advice of his Australian prime minister in this matter. Scullin was partially influenced by the precedent set by the 9757: 6650: 4579: 1547:, a body of all current (and technically former) ministers that advises the governor-general. Such advice is generally the result of decisions already made in 10213: 4799: 7832: 2812:. Sir Isaac Isaacs was successively Commonwealth attorney-general, a High Court judge, and chief justice. Sir William McKell was premier of New South Wales. 1498:

to grant assent, but it is expected that they will act in accordance with the democratically elected houses of Parliament and assent has never been refused.

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denounced the appointment as "practically republican", but Scullin had set a precedent. The convention gradually became established throughout the

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That role can become controversial, however, if the governor-general becomes unpopular with sections of the community. The public role adopted by

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to be "autonomous Communities within the British Empire, equal in status, in no way subordinate one to another", the declaration further stated:

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The governor-general also has a ceremonial role in swearing in and accepting the resignations of members of Parliament. All members must make an

930: 920: 519:, which he believed was affecting the government. Holt believed that this was an improper use of his authority, but no further action was taken. 10198: 5791: 3182: 10259: 8622: 8612: 7074: 6595: 5187:

Office of Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia – Principal – Letters Patent – 21 August 1984, Prerogative Instrument – C2004Q00670

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the discretion to select a prime minister following the dismissal of a prime minister that has lost the support of the House of Representatives

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and appointed opposition leader Malcolm Fraser as a caretaker prime minister while an election was held. Kerr acted following the blocking of

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in Sydney). Internationally, the governor-general represents Australia by travelling to significant events and by performing and receiving

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In World War II, there was some ambiguity about whether the governor-general had the power to declare war, with it initially assumed by

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raised the possibility of the prime minister and the governor-general attempting to dismiss each other at the same time. According to

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officio, entitled to the post-nominal AC (although if they already held a knighthood in the order that superior rank was retained).

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the discretion to select a prime minister if an election results in a parliament in which no party or coalition has a clear majority

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that the governor-general is a citizen of the country concerned, and is appointed on the advice of the government of that country.

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during his tenure as premier of New South Wales, an office he held until almost immediately before his appointment). In 1989,

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Despite these precedents, George V remained reluctant to accept Scullin's recommendation of Isaacs and asked him to consider

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to carry out the role of governor-general when there is a vacancy. By convention, the longest-serving state governor holds a

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by the terms of the Constitution itself ... not by Royal authority, but by statutory authority". This view was also held by

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However, it remained unclear just whose prerogative it now became to decide who new governors-general would be. In 1930,

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Governors-general are entitled to various privileges by virtue of holding the office. These include the right to live in

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had been offered the governorship of South Australia in 1895 and of Victoria in 1910, but refused both appointments.

1864: 1233: 1070: 7395: 4738:"Explainer: the governor-general is also commander-in-chief of the defence forces. What does this mean in practice?" 4569: 2976: 2968: 2966: 10254: 10203: 10066: 8971: 8908: 8893: 7534: 7183: 7002: 6984: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6963: 6958: 6953: 6948: 6943: 6938: 6933: 6928: 6923: 6918: 6913: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6893: 6888: 6883: 6618: 6613: 6455: 6223: 6101: 6081: 6066: 2938: 2872: 2789: 2738:

rather than swear an oath at the beginning of his commission; the remaining governors-general have been Christian.

2715: 2626: 2560: 2463: 2401: 1912: 1776: 1220: 997: 992: 987: 982: 977: 972: 412: 5614: 2964: 1636:

the power to dismiss a prime minister who is unable to obtain supply and refuses to resign or advise a dissolution

1534:

Governor-General Peter Cosgrove with ministers and parliamentary secretaries of the Second Turnbull Ministry, 2016

10008: 9990: 9985: 9927: 9832: 9817: 9792: 9412: 9211: 9201: 9137: 8878: 8852: 7059: 6379: 6111: 6071: 6051: 5338: 2930: 1732: 1712: 1313: 1298: 1028: 810: 778: 431: 426:

resigned in 1977, with his official reason being his decision to accept the position of Australian ambassador to

201: 5471: 4719: 4669: 2957: 2267:

have no official duties but carry out the role of a vice-regal consort. They are entitled to the courtesy style

2122: 1707: 10249: 10061: 9947: 9917: 9498: 9397: 9117: 9095: 9001: 8807: 8767: 7335: 7223: 7146: 7104: 6807: 6731: 6686: 6467: 6316: 5932:(1999). "Griffith, Barton and the Early Governor-Generals: Aspects of Australia's Constitutional Development". 5710: 5646:(1999). "Griffith, Barton and the Early Governor-Generals: Aspects of Australia's Constitutional Development". 5238: 4875: 3905: 3015: 2925:

Significant post-retirement activities of earlier governors-general have included: Lord Tennyson was appointed

2590: 2548: 1676:(governor-general 1996–2001) described one of his functions as being "Chief Mourner" at prominent funerals. In 1482: 1463: 1256: 1158: 1120: 1043: 379: 343: 1835:

that the declaration of war by the United Kingdom automatically applied to Australia as well as a part of the

10183: 10018: 9957: 9899: 9648: 9565: 9441: 9283: 9154: 9100: 8903: 8883: 7700: 7340: 7193: 7171: 7161: 7129: 7119: 7079: 7064: 7044: 6878: 6868: 2911: 2221: 1333: 1308: 1271: 1266: 1101: 1005: 672: 5569: 10193: 10128: 10028: 9909: 9633: 9427: 9164: 9127: 9006: 8996: 8868: 7320: 7253: 7243: 6591: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6136: 4505: 4045: 2896: 2837: 2376:

The office of governor-general of Australia was conceived during the debates and conventions leading up to

2053:

the two official residences of the office-holder. For transportation, the governor-general has access to a

2015: 2003: 1990:, prior to the first tour of Australia by its reigning monarch in 1954, explained the position by saying: 1744: 1696: 1651: 1115: 423: 164: 48: 2918:; she had previously been the Federal Sex Discrimination Commissioner. General David Hurley was a retired 2722:(2008–2014) was the first woman to be appointed to the office. Sir Isaac Isaacs and Sir Zelman Cowen were 2407:

Early governors-general were British and were appointed by the queen or king on the recommendation of the

2090:

The salary of the governor-general was initially set by the Constitution, which fixed an annual amount of

1560:

declaration of emergencies. An example this was the declaration on the advice of the health minister of a

1490:

in the UK), entirely written by the government, explaining the government's proposed legislative program.

10244: 9884: 9874: 9812: 9807: 9402: 9360: 9355: 9302: 9049: 9016: 8944: 7817: 7296: 6790: 6780: 6681: 6565: 6374: 3353: 2618: 2482: 2393: 1413: 629: 303: 273: 152: 148: 128: 4303: 4148: 3235: 2430:

The early governors-general frequently sought advice on the exercise of their powers from judges of the

10133: 9847: 9802: 9797: 9777: 9468: 9372: 9226: 9181: 9085: 7878: 7292: 6691: 6126: 5445: 5433: 5418: 4773: 4758: 4692: 4149:"Biosecurity (Human Biosecurity Emergency) (Human Coronavirus with Pandemic Potential) Declaration2020" 4033: 3979: 3887:"Why a government would be mad to advise the refusal of royal assent to a bill passed against its will" 3804: 3789: 3763: 3748: 3158: 2856: 2825: 2793: 2650: 2639: 2280: 2225: 2099: 2046: 2039: 1454:

The governor-general has a key role in performing constitutional duties in all branches of government.

1343: 1197: 885: 841: 511: 387: 319: 119: 5458: 4544:"State visit by Governor-General of New Zealand - statement by the prime minister, Mr William McMahon" 1983:'s advice, who stated that this would clarify the governor-general's position under the constitution. 430:

in Paris, a post which ultimately he did not take up, but the resignation also being motivated by the

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and is often on display as a part of the Fox Classic Car Collection at Queens Warehouse, Melbourne.

1979:

letters patent and instructions were revoked and replaced with new letters patent, on prime minister

1959: 1940: 1303: 563: 458: 403: 5333: 1530: 10138: 10086: 9980: 9503: 9488: 9335: 9171: 9132: 8959: 7756: 7740: 6995: 6645: 6634: 5967: 5792:"Governor-General Quentin Bryce backs gay marriage, Australia becoming a republic in Boyer Lecture" 5215: 4622: 3041: 2888: 2532: 2478: 2316: 1860: 1736: 1577:

Formally, the governor-general may exercise the traditional rights of the monarch as identified by

1393: 1212: 1020: 281: 2185:; it was at the same time retrospectively granted for life to all previous holders of the office. 2078:

rally, where it became known as "Lizzie's Taxi" and secured fourth place. The car is now owned by

9653: 9528: 9508: 9483: 9463: 9216: 9186: 9011: 8888: 8817: 7720: 7648: 7571: 7480: 6836: 6814: 6511: 6246: 5521:"There was more to the Palace letters than just the Dismissal. Here's what you might have missed" 5396: 2934: 2876: 2832:'s cabinet from 1951 to 1955. More recent governors-general in this category include Lord Casey, 2809: 2782: 2431: 2412: 2377: 2050: 1944: 1927: 1348: 1328: 1323: 833: 705: 695: 339: 323: 261: 177: 102: 2477:

During the 1920s, the importance of the position declined. As a result of decisions made at the

1917: 1787: 10076: 9879: 9560: 9538: 9513: 9478: 9458: 9422: 9260: 9231: 9221: 9196: 9159: 9090: 8927: 8822: 7883: 7705: 7679: 7500: 7475: 7400: 7325: 7037: 6841: 6605: 6550: 6394: 6341: 4733: 3882: 3615: 2915: 2907: 2741:

Various governors-general had previously served as governors of an Australian state or colony:

2630: 2276: 2054: 1619:

the power to dismiss a prime minister that has lost the support of the House of Representatives

1540: 1487: 1398: 1378: 1353: 1338: 1293: 956: 823: 791: 478: 466: 299: 3292: 1799: 1556:

those that were historically classified as belonging to the prerogative of the monarch alone.

10071: 9623: 9555: 9453: 9407: 9270: 9176: 9063: 8949: 7622: 7495: 7330: 7304: 7288: 7054: 6770: 6754: 6640: 6570: 6260: 2459: 2066: 866: 619: 582: 539: 246: 238: 6041: 4601: 3418:"Letters Patent Relating to the Office of Governor‑General of the Commonwealth of Australia" 60: 10081: 10036: 9972: 9894: 9889: 9687: 9658: 9580: 9417: 9387: 9323: 9278: 8991: 8986: 8954: 8939: 8795: 7607: 7455: 7440: 7430: 7069: 6785: 4543: 4458: 4183: 2995: 2864: 2594: 2385: 2216: 1566: 1548: 1065: 713: 682: 143: 5472:

Dress worn at His Majesty's court : issued with the authority of the Lord Chamberlain

438:

voluntarily stood aside while controversial allegations against him were managed, and the

8: 10041: 9771: 9608: 9550: 9382: 9345: 9075: 7435: 5764: 5260: 5057: 5038: 4452: 3447: 3417: 2435: 2249: 1936: 1202: 347: 4198:

The Queen's other realms: the Crown and its legacy in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand

10000: 9756: 9710: 9668: 9643: 9628: 9618: 9613: 9603: 9570: 9473: 9377: 8981: 8976: 7827: 7505: 7420: 7370: 6858: 6628: 6161: 5592: 3925: 3654: 3649: 3619: 2892: 2778: 2774: 2719: 2691: 2567:. Both of these appointments had been agreed to despite British government objections. 2189: 2058: 1952: 1816: 1768: 1735:

is appointed. The right of governors-general to make state visits was confirmed at the

1692: 1659: 1602: 1561: 1514: 876: 871: 482: 462: 435: 295: 277: 265: 114: 2363: 2232:

was knighted only in 1951, some years into his term, but he was entitled to the style

2006:

in his dismissal of the prime ministership and government of Gough Whitlam during the

489:

that state governors and federal governors-general remain neutral and above politics.

481:, should have his dormant commission revoked for having made public and partisan anti- 9598: 9340: 7909: 7653: 7591: 7315: 6824: 6802: 6575: 6272: 5975: 5953: 5914: 5892: 5873: 5706: 5491: 5167: 5106: 5017: 4847: 4462: 4353: 4326: 4280: 4256: 4201: 4084: 4051: 4007: 3953: 3929: 3844: 3710: 3625: 3478: 3390: 3271: 2829: 2735: 2658: 2610: 2586: 2439: 2224:, knights, or both (the only Australian peer to be appointed as governor-general was 2194: 1840: 1792: 1673: 1571: 1467: 1403: 1388: 727: 675: 422:, asked to be recalled to Britain in 1903 over a dispute about funding for the post. 391: 390:

or another justice of the High Court. Traditionally, the ceremony takes place in the

95: 418:

Three governors-general have resigned their commission. The first governor-general,

9715: 9149: 7515: 7465: 7445: 5387: 3917: 3635: 3130: 3051: 3035: 2687: 2686:

All the governors-general until 1965 were British-born, except for Australian-born

2602: 2552: 2512: 2389: 2258: 2091: 2011: 1986:

This remains the case even when the sovereign is in the country: solicitor-general

1888: 1811: 1594: 1371: 1033: 943: 637: 474: 465:, allowing an assumption of office to commence whenever a vacancy occurs. In 1975, 5568:(Press release). Australian Government: Prime Minister and Cabinet. Archived from 2788:

Former leading politicians and members of the judiciary have figured prominently.

450:

became the first and, to date, only governor-general to die while holding office.

10110: 7380: 7310: 6000: 5945: 5929: 5643: 5544: 5244: 5195: 4936: 4905: 4425: 3319:"Anthony Albanese announces Samantha Mostyn as Australia's next governor-general" 3131:"Letters Patent constituting the office of Governor-General 29 October 1900 (UK)" 2884: 2805: 2416: 2320: 2202:

of the order, and therefore became entitled to the post-nominal AC. In 1976, the

2151: 2104: 2075: 1772: 1720: 1695:

after the issue of his management of sex abuse cases during his time as Anglican

1493:

One of the most significant powers of the governor-general is the power to grant

1383: 923: 856: 844: 503: 2875:; Sir Ninian Stephen and Sir William Deane were appointed from the bench of the 9593: 7510: 6176: 6146: 6106: 5537: 5189: 4901: 4867: 4707: 3475:

Government powers under a Federal Constitution: constitutional law in Australia

3085: 3025: 2841: 2711: 2707: 2675: 2667: 2662: 2643: 2635: 2304: 2300: 2229: 2203: 2169: 1948: 1872: 1836: 1832: 1598: 1508: 896: 654: 439: 159: 5342:(Video). Investigating National Treasures with Warren Brown. NFSA Id: 1435553. 5312:"A ride in Australia's most majestic taxi: the Governor-General's Rolls-Royce" 4650:. Protocol Guidelines. 2.6 Presentation of credentials to the Governor-General 2670:

might become governor-general of Australia. However, both the prime minister,

2494:

Majesty's Government in Great Britain or of any Department of that Government.

1903:. He did however serve as the association's patron during his term of office. 10233: 7735: 7470: 7415: 7390: 6560: 6171: 6156: 5161: 5100: 5011: 4970: 4841: 4347: 4330: 4274: 4260: 3947: 3384: 3047: 2868: 2849: 2758: 2654: 2503: 2499: 2467: 2397: 2284: 2245: 2147: 2035: 1971: 1931: 1900: 1753: 1684: 1655: 1475: 861: 851: 470: 355: 330:. The governor-general is supported by a staff (of 80 in 2018) headed by the 307: 7526: 6287: 4375:"Australian politics explainer: Gough Whitlam's dismissal as prime minister" 2653:, and thereafter only Australians have held the position. However, when the 2470:, the same practice was followed for the appointment of Forster's successor 553: 7425: 7405: 7375: 6580: 6181: 6141: 6131: 6091: 5950:

Constitutional Conventions and the Headship of State: Australian Experience

5856: 4483:"Governor-General to attend Coronation and undertake State Visit to Greece" 3906:"Refusals of Assent to Bills Passed by Parliament in Germany and Australia" 3370: 2880: 2833: 2762: 2589:, to make sure that Scullin was aware of the exact wording. The opposition 2527: 2446: 2420: 2143: 2108: 1852: 1748: 1740: 1646:

The most prominent use of the reserve powers occurred in the course of the

1494: 802: 370: 366: 257: 6215: 5459:"Herald Sun, 18 June 2008, governor-general Quentin Bryce to get pay rise" 4792:"Parliamentary involvement in declaring war and deploying forces overseas" 3206:"Governor-General pleads for more cash to do his job after budget blowout" 2240:, a republican, declined appointment to the British Privy Council and any 1955:

issued by Queen Victoria were unnecessary "or even of doubtful legality".

9663: 9523: 7460: 7410: 6151: 5906: 5561: 4816: 4510:"An Australian Head of State: An Historical and Contemporary Perspective" 3326: 2860: 2845: 2727: 2671: 2253: 2237: 2079: 1892: 1856: 1844: 1728: 1716: 770: 718: 590: 516: 507: 327: 242: 6723: 5615:"The role of the Queen and the Governor-General in Australian democracy" 3921: 3571:"Peter Hollingworth apologises for poor handling of sex abuse complaint" 2753:(South Australia 1928–34; and New South Wales 1935–1936); major general 2458:, the Colonial Secretary; no response was given. The following year, as 7485: 6186: 2899: 2355:

Sir Isaac Isaacs, the first Australian-born governor-general, 1931–1936

2166: 2138: 1791:

Governor-general Quentin Bryce awarding the Victoria Cross to Corporal

1764: 1177: 781: 749: 606: 351: 288:. However, in almost all instances the governor-general only exercises 250: 107: 84: 5392:"Governor-General Amendment (Salary) Bill 2024: Explanatory Memoranda" 3084:

All but one have also been Australian born, with the exception of Sir

2941:

had also held this post, before his appointment as governor-general).

8783: 8752: 6762: 5823:"Bill Hayden, former Labor leader, turns to God despite atheist past" 2801: 2649:

In 1965 the Menzies conservative government appointed an Australian,

2252:

style. She was in office when, on 19 March 2014, then prime minister

1980: 1760: 1506:(1953 and 1973) and other bills of national significance such as the 1318: 738: 6196: 5996:

Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia – Official website

2129:, 15th governor-general of Australia (1961–65), in his court uniform 9758:

Representatives of the monarch in Commonwealth realms and dominions

7490: 4080: 4003: 3840: 3267: 2903: 2699: 2544: 2536: 2511:

for the Australian post. Scullin recommended the Australian jurist

2486: 2450: 572: 444:

Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse

123: 4900: 4546:. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 8 September 1971. 76: 5972:

Blackshield and Williams Australian Constitutional Law and Theory

5870:

King's Men: Australia's Governors-General from Hopetoun to Isaacs

4050:. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 2021. p. 3. 3933: 2855:

Of the eleven Australians appointed governor-general since 1965,

2731: 2710:. There have been only Australian occupants since then, although 2261:, with all subsequent governors-general appointed as Companions. 2181:. Since May 2013, the style used by a former governor-general is 2074:

in 1975. The car was then entered into the almost 15,000 km long

1896: 1678:

Commentaries on the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia

1578: 290: 4969:(13). Australian League of Rights. 14 April 1989. Archived from 2369:

Dame Quentin Bryce, the first female governor-general, 2008–2014

2027:... all the powers and functions of Australia's head of state". 6708:

List of members of the Australian Parliament who died in office

3236:"How is the governor-general appointed and what is their role?" 2914:. Quentin Bryce's appointment was announced during her term as 2808:; and after his return to Britain he became chairman of the UK 2723: 1626:

The reserve powers that are the subject of greater debate are:

457:

Section 4 of the Constitution allows the monarch to appoint an

427: 132: 2956: 2800:(as John Baird) was minister for Transport in the cabinets of 5591:. Australian Nationalism Information Database. Archived from 2695: 2622:

and to the formal separation of the Crowns of the Dominions.

2248:

was the first governor-general to have had no prior title or

2002:

The monarch did not overturn the actions of governor-general

1639:

the power to dismiss a prime minister that has broken the law

256:

Significant functions of the governor-general include giving

3709:(7th ed.). Department of the House of Representatives. 3349:"Sam Mostyn announced as next governor general of Australia" 2349: 1921:

Governor-General Quentin Bryce with Queen Elizabeth II, 2011

1622:

the power to refuse to dissolve the House of Representatives

342:

in 1901 until 1965, 11 out of the 15 governors-general were

245:. They have many constitutional and ceremonial roles in the 7577:

Chapter I of the Constitution of Australia: The Legislature

3621:

The Chameleon Crown: The Queen and her Australian Governors

2703: 2605:

the first appointee. 1935 saw the appointment of the first

2331: 2315:

were previously used in Australia in the mid-19th century.

1747:

made state visits to eight countries, but Kerr's successor

7613:

Chapter II of the Constitution of Australia: The Executive

3477:(2nd ed.). Pyrmont, NSW: Lawbook Co. pp. 291–2. 2646:, called McKell's appointment "shocking and humiliating". 1775:

on their arrival in Canberra. Before 1987, ambassador and

272:, formally appointing government officials (including the 5995: 5040:

The Annotated Constitution of the Australian Commonwealth

4454:

The Annotated Constitution of the Australian Commonwealth

4083:, Australia: Department of the House of Representatives. 4006:, Australia: Department of the House of Representatives. 3843:, Australia: Department of the House of Representatives. 3270:, Australia: Department of the House of Representatives. 1228: 4675:. Department of Defence. 20 December 2019. Appendix 4H1. 4432:. Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House 2220:

for life. The same individuals were also usually either

1779:

appointments were formally made by the monarch instead.

5682: 5670: 5658: 4430:

Dismissed!: Whitlam, Fraser, Kerr and the story of 1975

3038:(links to other countries which have governors-general) 2929:; Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson (by now Lord Novar) became 2519:, which always insisted upon having an Irishman as the 2020:

official secretary to the governor-general of Australia

1843:

advised the governor-general to declare war on several

373:(centre) at his swearing-in as governor-general in 2019 332:

official secretary to the governor-general of Australia

2210:

Until 1989, all governors-general were members of the

276:, other ministers, judges and ambassadors), acting as 7833:

Australian Constitution (Public Record Copy) Act 1990

5287:

The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia

3179:

The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia

2163:

Governors-general have during their tenure the style

7654:

Chapter III of the constitution of Australia: Courts

5966: 4222:"Infosheet 20 - The Australian System of Government" 2319:(governor of New South Wales from 1846 to 1855) and 2133:

Governors-general before the 1970s wore traditional

1711:

Governor-General David Hurley and Linda Hurley with

1612:

The reserve powers that are generally accepted are:

1457: 7869:

2017–18 Australian parliamentary eligibility crisis

4124:"Human biosecurity emergency declared in Australia" 3624:. Annandale, NSW: Federation Press. pp. 62–8. 2681: 2061:for ordinary official business. These cars fly the 2014:, January 2007, in connection with that event, Sir 354:, is the second woman to hold the post, after Dame 220: 6365:Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives 6030: 5585:"Rulers: Regal and Vice-Regal - Governor-Generals" 5257:"Governor General of Australia ~ Government House" 3054:in 1889 dedicated to Adrian Hope, while in office. 2906:; and major-general Michael Jeffery was a retired 2057:limousine for ceremonial occasions or an armoured 268:, exercising executive power on the advice of the 5889:Winterton's Australian Federal Constitutional Law 5705:. Carlton, Vic: Melbourne U.P. pp. 266–269. 4716:Governor General of the Commonwealth of Australia 4487:Governor-General of the Commomwealth of Australia 3458:. 2 July 2019. Federal Register id: C2019G00563. 3073:Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia 2307:in 1900 regulating the office of governor-general 1731:overseas on behalf of Australia, during which an 42:Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia 10231: 5974:(6 ed.). Annandale, NSW: Federation Press. 5538:The title 'the Honourable' for Governors-General 3577:. Australian Associated Press. 2 February 2016. 2944: 2657:were released in 2020, it was revealed that the 1906: 5500:) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 4790:McKeown, Deirdre; Jordan, Roy (22 March 2010). 1839:. However, in 1941 opinion had shifted and the 1525: 294:power in accordance with the principles of the 4866: 3703:"Powers and functions of the Governor-General" 3253: 3251: 3249: 3021:Armorial of the governors-general of Australia 2661:in 1976 considered it "highly desirable" that 9742: 8768: 7556: 7542: 6739: 6231: 6016: 5891:(3 ed.). Pyrmont, NSW: Thomson Reuters. 5739:Lamont, Leonie (11 March 2004). "Signposts". 5519:Judd, Bridget; Tonkin, Leigh (19 July 2020). 5163:Final report of the Constitutional Commission 5126: 5124: 5122: 5102:Final report of the Constitutional Commission 5037:Quick, John; Garran, Robert Randolph (1901). 5013:Final report of the Constitutional Commission 4843:Final report of the Constitutional Commission 4789: 4349:Final report of the Constitutional Commission 4276:Final report of the Constitutional Commission 4200:. Sydney: Federation Press. pp. 124–30. 3949:Final report of the Constitutional Commission 3386:Final report of the Constitutional Commission 3310: 2555:, who had recently insisted on his choice of 1820:relevant minister. Other powers exist in the 1435: 913:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 10092:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 10087:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 6520:Chronology of Australian federal parliaments 5760:"Australians reject role for Prince William" 5283:"The Governor-General's Official residences" 4872:"The Governor-General as Commander-in-Chief" 4712:"The Governor-General as Commander-in-Chief" 4323:"The Reserve Powers of the Governor-General" 4253:"The Reserve Powers of the Governor-General" 3297:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2111:, she does not receive a military pension. 1975:representative, not her delegate or agent." 7659:Section 75 of the Constitution of Australia 7618:Section 61 of the Constitution of Australia 7582:Section 51 of the Constitution of Australia 6713:Members of multiple Australian legislatures 6586:List of acts of the Parliament of Australia 6245: 5478:. Archived from the original on 9 June 2016 5036: 4450: 4070: 3993: 3701:Elder, D R; Fowler, P E, eds. (June 2018). 3700: 3246: 3006:Chapter II of the Constitution of Australia 2718:, was a senior member of the royal family. 2419:in London for an opinion before giving the 1756:visited nine African countries in 19 days. 9749: 9735: 8775: 8761: 8658:(xviii) Copyrights, patents and trademarks 7726:Implied freedom of political communication 7549: 7535: 6746: 6732: 6238: 6224: 6023: 6009: 5886: 5861:A Public Life: The Memoirs of Zelman Cowen 5566:"A New Honour for Pre-eminent Australians" 5518: 5448:at the end of the governor-general's term. 5119: 4500: 4498: 4496: 4400:"Reserve Powers and the Whitlam dismissal" 3428:. 21 August 2008. Gazette No. S179 of 2008 2585:) asked the Australian solicitor-general, 2427:, but today are regarded as dead letters. 1895:declined the office on the grounds of his 1570:in March 2020, due to the outbreak of the 1442: 1428: 485:political statements, in violation of the 75: 27:Representative of the monarch of Australia 6753: 5408: 5132:"Australians for Constitutional Monarchy" 5071:"Australians for Constitutional Monarchy" 4630:Australian Year Book of International Law 4451:Quick, John & Garran, Robert (1901). 3169: 3167: 3088:, who arrived in Australia as a teenager. 2933:; and Lord Gowrie became chairman of the 2781:in between his periods of service to the 2063:flag of the governor-general of Australia 1743:visited New Zealand. Hasluck's successor 7823:Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1942 5944: 5928: 5642: 5444:The pension is 60% of the salary of the 5386: 4606:Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet 4115: 3290: 2922:and former governor of New South Wales. 2565:governor-general of the Irish Free State 2521:governor-general of the Irish Free State 2294: 2121: 2034: 1916: 1798: 1786: 1706: 1630:the power to refuse a double-dissolution 1588: 1529: 365: 5970:; Brennan, Sean; Lynch, Andrew (2014). 5867: 5757: 5688: 5676: 5664: 5531: 5309: 5136:Australians for Constitutional Monarchy 5075:Australians for Constitutional Monarchy 4805:from the original on 29 September 2018. 4706: 4648:Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 4493: 4325:. Parliamentary Library Research Note. 4320: 4255:. Parliamentary Library Research Note. 4250: 4186:, (1982) 151 CLR 342, Wilson J para 24. 4047:Federal Executive Council Handbook 2021 3316: 3107: 3105: 3031:Royal Australian Air Force VIP aircraft 2341:, the first governor-general, 1900–1903 1871:; this did not occur. Defence minister 1168:Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 532:This article is part of a series on the 14: 10232: 8782: 8623:(v) Post and telegraph (communication) 6207:List of governors-general of Australia 5913:. Pymble, NSW: Angus & Robertson. 5905: 5772:from the original on 20 September 2016 5738: 5700: 5560: 5514: 5512: 5496:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 5367: 5305: 5303: 5006: 5004: 4732: 4684: 4682: 4617: 4615: 4423: 4372: 4121: 4071:Elder, D R; Fowler, P E, eds. (2018). 4025: 4023: 3994:Elder, D R; Fowler, P E, eds. (2018). 3971: 3969: 3903: 3881: 3781: 3779: 3777: 3775: 3773: 3771: 3614: 3203: 3164: 2951:List of governors-general of Australia 2714:(1982–1989) had been born in Britain. 2607:British High Commissioner to Australia 2563:, and the selection of an Irishman as 2526:Scullin's proposed appointment of Sir 2400:, to a caretaker government, with the 1763:(i.e. formally validates) Australia's 522: 386:. These oaths are administered by the 32:List of governors-general of Australia 10260:1975 Australian constitutional crisis 9730: 8756: 7884:Separatist movements within Australia 7731:Implied immunity of instrumentalities 7530: 6727: 6219: 6004: 5855: 5821:Silva, Kristian (19 September 2018). 5820: 5802:from the original on 22 November 2013 5549:Australian Government Special Gazette 5328: 4910:Malcolm Fraser: The Political Memoirs 4796:Parliamentary Library Background Note 4785: 4783: 4781: 4702: 4700: 4504: 4342: 4340: 4298: 4296: 4246: 4244: 4242: 4195: 3989: 3987: 3835:. In Elder, D R; Fowler, P E (eds.). 3830: 3696: 3694: 3692: 3551:from the original on 27 February 2020 3515:from the original on 27 February 2020 3462:from the original on 15 January 2024. 3412: 3410: 3408: 3406: 3262:. In Elder, D R; Fowler, P E (eds.). 3257: 3216:from the original on 30 December 2018 2642:. The then leader of the Opposition, 2485:, which declared that the UK and the 2158: 2146:with governors-general now observing 2008:1975 Australian constitutional crisis 1687:was curtailed considerably after the 1648:1975 Australian constitutional crisis 312:1975 Australian constitutional crisis 7935:VIII: Alteration of the Constitution 7874:List of proposed states of Australia 4602:"Governor-General's Visit to Africa" 4582:from the original on 9 February 2019 4550:from the original on 9 February 2019 4524:from the original on 9 February 2019 4520:. Australian Parliamentary Library. 4141: 3472: 3102: 2927:deputy governor of the Isle of Wight 1808:Under section 68 of the Constitution 8718:(xxxv) Conciliation and arbitration 7849:Constitutional history of Australia 5887:Gerangelos, George A., ed. (2013). 5833:from the original on 1 October 2018 5509: 5451: 5300: 5001: 4922:Fraser & Simons (2011), p. 222. 4912:. The Miegunyah Press. p. 206. 4679: 4623:"Diplomatic and Consular Relations" 4612: 4020: 3966: 3794: 3768: 3753: 3738: 3581:from the original on 24 August 2018 3185:from the original on 5 January 2024 3001:Constitutional history of Australia 2949:For a more comprehensive list, see 2214:and thus held the additional style 2212:Privy Council of the United Kingdom 2192:in 1975, the governor-general was, 1824:, such as the power to appoint the 1543:. This occurs formally through the 346:; however all since then have been 24: 7038:State and Territory Shadow Cabinet 5849: 5368:Madden, Cathy (27 February 2014). 5047:from the original on 25 March 2014 4935:. Scouts Australia. Archived from 4778: 4697: 4570:"Criticism over G-G's Africa tour" 4337: 4321:Downing, Susan (23 January 1998). 4293: 4251:Downing, Susan (23 January 1998). 4239: 4214: 4161:from the original on 29 March 2020 3996:"Presentation of bills for assent" 3984: 3689: 3440: 3403: 3293:"Australia's new Governor-General" 3291:Albanese, Anthony (3 April 2024). 3204:Wright, Shane (31 December 2018). 3175:"The role of the Governor-General" 3011:Governors of the Australian states 2818:Speaker of the UK House of Commons 2572:Field Marshal Sir William Birdwood 2517:Government of the Irish Free State 2509:Field-Marshal Sir William Birdwood 2502:and the Australian prime minister 2380:. The first governor-general, the 2200:Chancellor and Principal Companion 1899:, which was incompatible with the 1702: 1666: 1597:meeting with Governor-General Sir 1466:as consisting of the monarch, the 552: 30:For a list of office holders, see 25: 10276: 8613:(i) Interstate trade and commerce 5989: 5142:from the original on 8 April 2018 5081:from the original on 24 June 2017 5043:. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. 3707:House of Representatives Practice 3662:from the original on 6 April 2018 3456:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette 3426:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette 3361:from the original on 3 April 2024 3329:from the original on 3 April 2024 2638:, who was in office as the Labor 2117: 1882: 1865:Territory of Papua and New Guinea 1803:Governor-General's rank insignia 1584: 1483:oath or affirmation of allegiance 1458:Role in the Australian Parliament 380:oath or affirmation of allegiance 10265:1901 establishments in Australia 10111:United Kingdom lieutenancy areas 9838:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 6286: 6195: 6040: 5814: 5784: 5751: 5732: 5719: 5694: 5636: 5607: 5582: 5576: 5554: 5210:The Role of the Governor-General 4077:House of Representative Practice 4000:House of Representative Practice 3837:House of Representative Practice 3264:House of Representative Practice 2873:Supreme Court of New South Wales 2761:(Queensland 2003–2008); general 2716:Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester 2682:Backgrounds of governors-general 2561:governor-general of that country 2466:. In 1925, under prime minister 2464:Henry Forster, 1st Baron Forster 2362: 2348: 2330: 1913:Australian head of state dispute 1782: 1752:countries, notably in 2009 when 1699:became a matter of controversy. 1642:the power to refuse royal assent 1365: 1221:Australia and the United Nations 717: 712: 350:. The current governor-general, 59: 47: 10106:Other viceregal representatives 8663:(xix) Naturalization and aliens 5465: 5438: 5423: 5380: 5361: 5346: 5339:National Film and Sound Archive 5322: 5310:Coleman, James (27 June 2021). 5275: 5249: 5230: 5200: 5180: 5154: 5093: 5063: 5030: 4985: 4951: 4925: 4916: 4894: 4860: 4834: 4809: 4763: 4748: 4726: 4662: 4636: 4594: 4562: 4536: 4475: 4444: 4417: 4392: 4366: 4314: 4267: 4189: 4173: 4122:McPhee, Sarah (17 March 2020). 4097: 4064: 4038: 3940: 3897: 3875: 3857: 3824: 3809: 3723: 3674: 3642: 3608: 3593: 3563: 3527: 3491: 3466: 3452:Federal Register of Legislation 3448:"Governor-General's Commission" 3422:Federal Register of Legislation 3377: 3341: 3317:Fleming, Tessa (3 April 2024). 3284: 2931:secretary of State for Scotland 2757:(Western Australia 1993–2000); 2734:during his term and he made an 2694:(1947–1953). They included six 2402:inaugural 1901 federal election 2150:day-to-day. Tasmanian governor 2100:chief justice of the High Court 2049:(also known as Yarralumla), or 1733:administrator of the government 432:1975 constitutional controversy 10240:Governors-general of Australia 10052:British Indian Ocean Territory 9973:Realm of New Zealand countries 8713:(xxxi) Acquisition of property 6390:Manager of Opposition Business 6337:Manager of Opposition Business 6327:Manager of Government Business 6032:Governors-general of Australia 5758:Squires, Nick (30 June 2007). 5259:. 19 July 2008. Archived from 4373:Twomey, Anne (19 April 2017). 4308:Parliamentary Education Office 4109:Parliamentary Education Office 3869:Parliamentary Education Office 3240:Parliamentary Education Office 3228: 3197: 3148: 3123: 3117:Parliamentary Education Office 3078: 3065: 3016:Viceregal consort of Australia 2591:Nationalist Party of Australia 2549:prime minister of South Africa 1877:loss of the prime ministership 1464:Parliament of the Commonwealth 361: 13: 1: 9910:Canadian lieutenant governors 7701:Australian Constitutional Law 5872:. Sydney: Allen & Unwin. 5868:Cunneen, Christopher (1983). 5863:. Melbourne: Miegunyah Press. 4471:– via Internet Archive. 4154:. Commonwealth of Australia. 3952:. 1988. pp. 72–3, 82–3. 3542:Governor-General of Australia 3506:Governor-General of Australia 3095: 3050:written by Australian author 2945:Timeline of governors-general 2912:governor of Western Australia 2765:(New South Wales 2014–2019). 2749:(South Australia 1899–1902); 2030: 1970:Australian solicitor-general 1907:Relationship with the monarch 1689:constitutional crisis of 1975 1462:The Constitution defines the 500:constitutional crisis of 1975 384:oath or affirmation of office 237:is the representative of the 235:governor-general of Australia 108:Her Excellency the Honourable 18:Governor-general of Australia 10029:British Overseas Territories 7905:II: The Executive Government 7028:Premiers and Chief Ministers 7023:Governors and Administrators 6535:47th Parliament of Australia 6530:46th Parliament of Australia 6525:45th Parliament of Australia 4404:Rule of Law Education Centre 4180:FAI Insurances Ltd v Winneke 2265:Spouses of governors-general 1863:peacekeeping mission in the 1713:New Zealand Governor-General 1654:dismissed the government of 1650:, in which governor-general 1526:Role in executive government 1409:Australian Capital Territory 1071:Premiers and chief ministers 1066:Governors and administrators 492: 66:Flag of the governor-general 7: 10047:British Antarctic Territory 7818:Statute of Westminster 1931 7797:Retirement of judges (1977) 6682:Parliament House, Melbourne 6566:Matter of public importance 6425:Represented multiple states 5619:Constitution Education Fund 5370:"Governor-General's salary" 4426:"The Dismissal 30 years on" 4073:"Federal Executive Council" 3354:Australian Associated Press 2989: 2891:and constitutional lawyer; 2678:repudiated the suggestion. 2619:Statute of Westminster 1931 2483:Balfour Declaration of 1926 2404:not occurring until March. 2394:prime minister of Australia 1727:The governor-general makes 1601:on 8 May 2016 to request a 1562:human biosecurity emergency 1504:Royal Styles and Titles Act 1021:Referendums and plebiscites 247:Australian political system 10: 10281: 9867:Australian state governors 7879:Republicanism in Australia 7859:Constitutional Conventions 7716:Constitutional conventions 7033:Parliaments and Assemblies 6692:Parliament House, Canberra 6639:House of Representatives: 4304:"What are reserve powers?" 2948: 2826:secretary of State for Air 2816:(as William Morrison) was 2794:Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 2640:premier of New South Wales 2625:After Scullin's defeat in 2290: 2040:Government House, Canberra 1910: 1859:'s request to authorise a 1826:chief of the Defence Force 1076:Parliaments and assemblies 939:State and territory courts 886:Federal Court of Australia 388:chief justice of Australia 310:, most notably during the 29: 10121: 10105: 10027: 9999: 9971: 9938:Newfoundland and Labrador 9908: 9865: 9858: 9764: 9681: 9579: 9449: 9440: 9331: 9322: 9269: 9145:Intelligence and security 9071: 9062: 9030: 8935: 8926: 8861: 8803: 8794: 8598: 7950: 7943: 7892: 7841: 7813:Constitution of Australia 7805: 7749: 7736:Reserve power (sovereign) 7693: 7672: 7641: 7633:Federal Executive Council 7600: 7564: 7558:Constitution of Australia 7359: 7277: 7192: 7088: 7011: 6867: 6798:Federal Executive Council 6761: 6700: 6674: 6666:Court of Disputed Returns 6604: 6543: 6510: 6476: 6443: 6412: 6355: 6304: 6295: 6284: 6253: 6204: 6193: 6047: 6038: 5430:Governor-General Act 1974 5415:Governor-General Act 1974 4575:The Sydney Morning Herald 3155:Governor-General Act 1974 2767:Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson 2425:Constitution of Australia 2392:, he appointed the first 2188:From the creation of the 2096:Governor-General Act 1974 2085: 1960:charters of incorporation 1941:Supreme Court of Tasmania 1767:through sending a formal 1545:Federal Executive Council 665:Federal Executive Council 434:. In 2003, ex-archbishop 397: 270:Federal Executive Council 215: 207: 197: 189: 172: 165:At His Majesty's pleasure 158: 139: 113: 101: 94: 72: 58: 46: 41: 10097:Turks and Caicos Islands 8688:(xxiiiA) Social security 7587:House of Representatives 6820:House of Representatives 6646:Two-party-preferred vote 6635:Single transferable vote 6385:Leader of the Opposition 6332:Leader of the Opposition 6322:Leader of the Government 6278:House of Representatives 5911:Hayden: an Autobiography 5543:10 November 2013 at the 5334:"Vice-Regal Rolls Royce" 5016:. 1988. pp. 341–6. 4963:On Target from Australia 4424:Cooper, Michael (2005). 4352:. 1988. pp. 326–7. 4279:. 1988. pp. 92–93. 3650:"McMahon 'in Casey row'" 3389:. 1988. pp. 337–8. 3058: 3042:Australian VIP transport 2889:University of Queensland 2867:; Sir John Kerr was the 2533:1926 Imperial Conference 2479:1926 Imperial Conference 2445:In 1919, prime minister 2415:: in effect, to ask the 1947:), postulating that the 1889:Chief Scout of Australia 1861:Pacific Islands Regiment 1737:1926 Imperial Conference 1472:House of Representatives 1006:Federal electoral system 760:House of Representatives 282:Australian Defence Force 262:the houses of parliament 10255:Parliament of Australia 8703:(xxix) External affairs 7787:Casual vacancies (1977) 7762:Senate elections (1906) 7481:Parliamentary secretary 7451:Independent politicians 6312:President of the Senate 6247:Parliament of Australia 5397:Parliament of Australia 5374:Parliament of Australia 5353:Australian Constitution 4992:Australian Constitution 4689:Australian Constitution 4226:Parliament of Australia 4184:[1982] HCA 26 4030:Australian Constitution 3976:Australian Constitution 3816:Australian Constitution 3801:Australian Constitution 3786:Australian Constitution 3760:Australian Constitution 3745:Australian Constitution 3730:Australian Constitution 3681:Australian Constitution 3600:Australian Constitution 3135:Documenting a Democracy 2935:Marylebone Cricket Club 2859:, Sir Paul Hasluck and 2783:Commonwealth Parliament 2613:(in office 1936–1941). 2432:High Court of Australia 2413:Parliament of Australia 2051:Admiralty House, Sydney 1945:University of Melbourne 1855:refused prime minister 1089:State electoral systems 834:High Court of Australia 473:advised the Queen that 178:Australian Constitution 173:Constituting instrument 10057:British Virgin Islands 9539:Indigenous Australians 9040:States and territories 8600:Enumerated legislative 7777:Social services (1946) 7772:2nd State debts (1928) 7767:1st State debts (1910) 7706:Responsible government 7680:Inter-State Commission 7501:Responsible government 7401:Contempt of parliament 6854:Statute of Westminster 6551:Speech from the throne 5701:Souter, Gavin (1988). 2920:chief of Defence Force 2916:governor of Queensland 2745:(Victoria 1889–1895); 2539:'s private secretary, 2496: 2308: 2277:Dame Alexandra Hasluck 2130: 2055:Rolls-Royce Phantom VI 2042: 2000: 1939:, senior judge of the 1922: 1822:Defence Force Act 1903 1804: 1796: 1724: 1697:archbishop of Brisbane 1605: 1541:responsible government 1535: 1186:Diplomatic missions of 1058:States and territories 557: 479:governor of Queensland 382:to the monarch and an 374: 300:responsible government 89:since 1 July 2024 10250:Monarchy of Australia 9828:Saint Kitts and Nevis 8833:Territorial evolution 8708:(xxx) Pacific islands 7915:IV: Finance and Trade 7741:Reserved State powers 6755:Politics of Australia 6641:Instant-runoff voting 6420:Served in both houses 5741:Sydney Morning Herald 5243:12 March 2005 at the 5166:. 1988. p. 313. 5105:. 1988. p. 343. 4846:. 1988. p. 342. 4644:"2. Heads of mission" 4459:Angus & Robertson 4333:. Number 25, 1997–98. 4263:. Number 25, 1997–98. 4196:Boyce, P. J. (2008). 3904:Taylor, Greg (2008). 3831:Elder, D. R. (2018). 3258:Elder, D. R. (2018). 3210:Sydney Morning Herald 2557:the Earl of Clarendon 2491: 2460:Ronald Munro Ferguson 2298: 2125: 2038: 1992: 1920: 1911:Further information: 1802: 1790: 1759:The governor-general 1710: 1592: 1533: 706:Australian Parliament 647:Deputy Prime Minister 556: 369: 9953:Prince Edward Island 9772:Counsellors of State 9279:Cabinet of Australia 9254:Government ministers 9022:World Heritage Sites 8828:European exploration 7806:Constitutional texts 7711:Separation of powers 7456:Kirribilli agreement 7441:Hardworking Families 7396:Chardonnay socialist 6687:Old Parliament House 6661:Caretaker government 6264:(represented by the 5798:. 22 November 2013. 5525:ABC News (Australia) 5194:4 March 2016 at the 4736:(3 September 2024). 4514:Papers on Parliament 3499:"Oath of Allegiance" 3046:Musical composition 2996:History of Australia 2863:were former federal 2595:British Commonwealth 2386:governor of Victoria 2311:Other offices named 2217:The Right Honourable 1567:Biosecurity Act 2015 1372:Australia portal 239:monarch of Australia 144:Monarch of Australia 10214:Trinidad and Tobago 9783:Antigua and Barbuda 9351:Gross state product 8698:(xxvii) Immigration 8602:powers (Section 51) 7910:III: The Judicature 7436:Group voting ticket 6380:Leader of the House 5765:The Daily Telegraph 4670:"Army Dress Manual" 4310:. 14 December 2023. 4111:. 10 November 2023. 3922:10.22145/flr.36.1.4 3885:(29 January 2019). 3871:. 14 December 2023. 3473:Pyke, John (2020). 3242:. 14 December 2023. 3119:. 10 November 2023. 2436:Sir Samuel Griffith 2321:Sir William Denison 2317:Sir Charles FitzRoy 2152:Sir Stanley Burbury 1937:Andrew Inglis Clark 1011:Electoral divisions 523:Constitutional role 348:Australian citizens 344:British aristocrats 266:writs for elections 260:to bills passed by 168:(typically 5 years) 10245:Westminster system 10001:Crown Dependencies 9669:Australian studies 9604:Australian English 9413:Telecommunications 9249:Government leaders 9192:Political ideology 8733:(xxxviii) Imperial 8723:(xxxvi) Transition 7930:VII: Miscellaneous 7828:Australia Act 1986 7792:Referendums (1977) 7782:Aboriginals (1967) 7757:Referendum process 7673:Other institutions 7664:Boilermakers' Case 7506:Stolen Generations 7421:Double dissolution 7214:Northern Territory 6629:Double dissolution 5925:(pp 515, 519, 548) 5727:Acts of Parliament 5703:Acts of Parliament 5506:(1912), pp. 49, 50 5176:– via Trove. 5115:– via Trove. 5026:– via Trove. 4973:on 4 December 2007 4939:on 12 October 2007 4856:– via Trove. 4362:– via Trove. 4289:– via Trove. 3962:– via Trove. 3910:Federal Law Review 3655:The Canberra Times 3399:– via Trove. 3260:"Governor-General" 3113:"Governor-General" 2893:Peter Hollingworth 2842:Sir Ninian Stephen 2810:Conservative Party 2779:governor of Bengal 2775:governor of Bombay 2759:Dame Quentin Bryce 2720:Dame Quentin Bryce 2712:Sir Ninian Stephen 2692:Sir William McKell 2309: 2190:Order of Australia 2179:His/Her Excellency 2159:Titles and honours 2131: 2127:Viscount De L'Isle 2067:St. Edward's Crown 2043: 1953:royal instructions 1923: 1817:Sir Ninian Stephen 1805: 1797: 1769:letter of credence 1725: 1693:Peter Hollingworth 1606: 1603:double dissolution 1536: 1515:Australia Act 1986 1414:Northern Territory 1029:Voter registration 558: 510:considered having 483:Whitlam government 463:dormant commission 446:in 2016. In 1961, 436:Peter Hollingworth 375: 296:Westminster system 286:Australian honours 278:commander-in-chief 10227: 10226: 10117: 10116: 9900:Western Australia 9778:Governors-general 9724: 9723: 9677: 9676: 9499:Human trafficking 9436: 9435: 9318: 9317: 9118:Foreign relations 9058: 9057: 8922: 8921: 8869:Asian Australians 8750: 8749: 8746: 8745: 8728:(xxxvii) Referral 8668:(xx) Corporations 7900:I: The Parliament 7565:Legislative power 7524: 7523: 7496:Quiet Australians 7264:Western Australia 6830:Opposition Leader 6808:Foreign relations 6794: 6721: 6720: 6571:Readings of bills 6506: 6505: 6494: 6459: 6408: 6407: 6269: 6213: 6212: 5981:978-1-86287-918-8 5934:Public Law Review 5898:978-0-45523-041-2 5857:Cowen, Sir Zelman 5648:Public Law Review 5589:Colony and Empire 5572:on 25 March 2014. 5564:(25 March 2014). 5551:S No. 54 of 2013. 5388:Albanese, Anthony 4722:on 20 March 2018. 4207:978-1-86287-700-9 4090:978-1-74366-654-8 4057:978-1-925364-53-8 4013:978-1-74366-654-8 3850:978-1-74366-654-8 3716:978-1-74366-654-8 3631:978-1-86287-629-3 3484:978-0-455-24415-0 3277:978-1-74366-654-8 2850:Sir William Deane 2830:Winston Churchill 2777:. Lord Casey was 2659:Fraser government 2611:Geoffrey Whiskard 2587:Sir Robert Garran 2579:private secretary 2440:Sir Edmund Barton 2384:, was a previous 1841:Curtin government 1793:Ben Roberts-Smith 1674:Sir William Deane 1572:COVID-19 pandemic 1452: 1451: 1394:Western Australia 1208:Visa requirements 1160:Foreign relations 1146:Political parties 1044:Political funding 1039:Political parties 676:Albanese ministry 543: 241:, currently King 231: 230: 16:(Redirected from 10272: 10164:Irish Free State 10067:Falkland Islands 9923:British Columbia 9863: 9862: 9823:Papua New Guinea 9774:(United Kingdom) 9751: 9744: 9737: 9728: 9727: 9704: 9697: 9690: 9566:Waste management 9447: 9446: 9368:Household income 9329: 9328: 9291:Governor-General 9101:Electoral system 9069: 9068: 8933: 8932: 8801: 8800: 8777: 8770: 8763: 8754: 8753: 8738:(xxxix) Incident 8683:(xxiii) Pensions 7948: 7947: 7628:Governor-General 7551: 7544: 7537: 7528: 7527: 7466:Leadership spill 7446:How-to-vote card 7431:Forgotten People 7301:Liberal National 7090:State/territory 7013:State/territory 6788: 6776:Governor-General 6748: 6741: 6734: 6725: 6724: 6488: 6453: 6441: 6440: 6302: 6301: 6290: 6266:Governor-General 6263: 6240: 6233: 6226: 6217: 6216: 6199: 6044: 6025: 6018: 6011: 6002: 6001: 5985: 5968:Williams, George 5963: 5952:. Connor Court. 5946:Markwell, Donald 5941: 5930:Markwell, Donald 5924: 5902: 5883: 5864: 5843: 5842: 5840: 5838: 5818: 5812: 5811: 5809: 5807: 5788: 5782: 5781: 5779: 5777: 5755: 5749: 5748: 5736: 5730: 5723: 5717: 5716: 5698: 5692: 5686: 5680: 5674: 5668: 5662: 5656: 5655: 5644:Markwell, Donald 5640: 5634: 5633: 5628: 5626: 5611: 5605: 5604: 5602: 5600: 5580: 5574: 5573: 5558: 5552: 5535: 5529: 5528: 5516: 5507: 5505: 5495: 5487: 5485: 5483: 5469: 5463: 5462: 5455: 5449: 5442: 5436: 5427: 5421: 5412: 5406: 5405: 5384: 5378: 5377: 5365: 5359: 5350: 5344: 5343: 5326: 5320: 5319: 5307: 5298: 5297: 5295: 5293: 5279: 5273: 5272: 5270: 5268: 5253: 5247: 5234: 5228: 5227: 5225: 5223: 5218:on 12 March 2005 5214:. Archived from 5204: 5198: 5184: 5178: 5177: 5158: 5152: 5151: 5149: 5147: 5128: 5117: 5116: 5097: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5086: 5067: 5061: 5056: 5054: 5052: 5034: 5028: 5027: 5008: 4999: 4989: 4983: 4982: 4980: 4978: 4959:"Brief Comments" 4955: 4949: 4948: 4946: 4944: 4929: 4923: 4920: 4914: 4913: 4898: 4892: 4891: 4885: 4883: 4878:on 22 April 2018 4874:. Archived from 4870:(21 June 1983). 4864: 4858: 4857: 4838: 4832: 4831: 4829: 4827: 4813: 4807: 4806: 4804: 4787: 4776: 4770:Defence Act 1903 4767: 4761: 4755:Defence Act 1903 4752: 4746: 4745: 4742:The Conversation 4730: 4724: 4723: 4718:. Archived from 4710:(21 June 1983). 4704: 4695: 4686: 4677: 4676: 4674: 4666: 4660: 4659: 4657: 4655: 4640: 4634: 4633: 4627: 4619: 4610: 4609: 4598: 4592: 4591: 4589: 4587: 4578:. 9 March 2009. 4566: 4560: 4559: 4557: 4555: 4540: 4534: 4533: 4531: 4529: 4502: 4491: 4490: 4489:. 23 April 2023. 4479: 4473: 4472: 4448: 4442: 4441: 4439: 4437: 4421: 4415: 4414: 4412: 4410: 4396: 4390: 4389: 4387: 4385: 4379:The Conversation 4370: 4364: 4363: 4344: 4335: 4334: 4318: 4312: 4311: 4300: 4291: 4290: 4271: 4265: 4264: 4248: 4237: 4236: 4234: 4232: 4218: 4212: 4211: 4193: 4187: 4177: 4171: 4170: 4168: 4166: 4160: 4153: 4145: 4139: 4138: 4136: 4134: 4119: 4113: 4112: 4101: 4095: 4094: 4079:(7th ed.). 4068: 4062: 4061: 4042: 4036: 4027: 4018: 4017: 4002:(7th ed.). 3991: 3982: 3973: 3964: 3963: 3944: 3938: 3937: 3901: 3895: 3894: 3891:The Conversation 3879: 3873: 3872: 3861: 3855: 3854: 3839:(7th ed.). 3828: 3822: 3813: 3807: 3798: 3792: 3783: 3766: 3757: 3751: 3742: 3736: 3727: 3721: 3720: 3698: 3687: 3678: 3672: 3671: 3669: 3667: 3658:. 4 April 1988. 3646: 3640: 3639: 3636:Internet Archive 3612: 3606: 3597: 3591: 3590: 3588: 3586: 3567: 3561: 3560: 3558: 3556: 3550: 3539: 3535:"Oath of Office" 3531: 3525: 3524: 3522: 3520: 3514: 3503: 3495: 3489: 3488: 3470: 3464: 3463: 3444: 3438: 3437: 3435: 3433: 3414: 3401: 3400: 3381: 3375: 3374: 3368: 3366: 3357:. 3 April 2024. 3345: 3339: 3338: 3336: 3334: 3314: 3308: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3288: 3282: 3281: 3266:(7th ed.). 3255: 3244: 3243: 3232: 3226: 3225: 3223: 3221: 3201: 3195: 3194: 3192: 3190: 3171: 3162: 3152: 3146: 3145: 3143: 3141: 3127: 3121: 3120: 3109: 3089: 3082: 3076: 3069: 3052:Walter J. Turner 3036:Governor-general 2908:military officer 2881:Sir Zelman Cowen 2865:parliamentarians 2834:Sir Paul Hasluck 2690:(1931–1936) and 2688:Sir Isaac Isaacs 2603:Ernest Crutchley 2583:Lord Stamfordham 2553:J. B. M. Hertzog 2541:Lord Stamfordham 2513:Sir Isaac Isaacs 2390:Hopetoun Blunder 2382:Earl of Hopetoun 2366: 2352: 2339:Earl of Hopetoun 2334: 2313:governor-general 2259:Malcolm Turnbull 2242:imperial honours 2047:Government House 2026: 2012:Sydney Institute 1997: 1812:command-in-chief 1777:high commisioner 1773:heads of mission 1595:Malcolm Turnbull 1444: 1437: 1430: 1370: 1369: 1368: 1334:Multiculturalism 1309:Environmentalism 1287: 1175:Foreign Minister 1161: 1104: 1103:Local government 1059: 1034:Leadership spill 966:Recent elections 959: 944:Law of Australia 826: 721: 716: 698: 638:Anthony Albanese 622: 599:Governor-General 575: 546: 541: 533: 527: 526: 475:Sir Colin Hannah 411:) or two years ( 322:in Canberra and 320:Government House 284:, and bestowing 227: 224: 222: 185: 120:Government House 79: 63: 51: 39: 38: 21: 10280: 10279: 10275: 10274: 10273: 10271: 10270: 10269: 10230: 10229: 10228: 10223: 10113: 10101: 10023: 9995: 9967: 9904: 9885:South Australia 9875:New South Wales 9854: 9843:Solomon Islands 9760: 9755: 9725: 9720: 9707: 9700: 9693: 9686: 9673: 9634:Public holidays 9575: 9519:Life expectancy 9432: 9314: 9265: 9054: 9026: 9012:Protected areas 8918: 8857: 8790: 8781: 8751: 8742: 8653:(xiv) Insurance 8633:(ix) Quarantine 8601: 8594: 7939: 7888: 7837: 7801: 7745: 7689: 7668: 7637: 7601:Executive power 7596: 7560: 7555: 7525: 7520: 7381:Branch stacking 7362: 7355: 7311:Centre Alliance 7305:Country Liberal 7280: 7273: 7234:South Australia 7204:New South Wales 7195: 7188: 7091: 7084: 7014: 7007: 6870: 6863: 6757: 6752: 6722: 6717: 6696: 6670: 6600: 6539: 6502: 6479:Representatives 6478: 6472: 6439: 6430:Longest service 6404: 6358:Representatives 6357: 6351: 6297: 6291: 6282: 6249: 6244: 6214: 6209: 6200: 6191: 6045: 6034: 6029: 5992: 5982: 5960: 5921: 5899: 5880: 5852: 5850:Further reading 5847: 5846: 5836: 5834: 5819: 5815: 5805: 5803: 5790: 5789: 5785: 5775: 5773: 5756: 5752: 5737: 5733: 5724: 5720: 5713: 5699: 5695: 5687: 5683: 5675: 5671: 5663: 5659: 5641: 5637: 5624: 5622: 5613: 5612: 5608: 5598: 5596: 5595:on 19 June 2004 5581: 5577: 5559: 5555: 5545:Wayback Machine 5536: 5532: 5517: 5510: 5489: 5488: 5481: 5479: 5476:"Archived copy" 5474: 5470: 5466: 5457: 5456: 5452: 5443: 5439: 5428: 5424: 5413: 5409: 5390:(1 July 2024). 5385: 5381: 5366: 5362: 5351: 5347: 5327: 5323: 5308: 5301: 5291: 5289: 5281: 5280: 5276: 5266: 5264: 5263:on 19 July 2008 5255: 5254: 5250: 5245:Wayback Machine 5235: 5231: 5221: 5219: 5206: 5205: 5201: 5196:Wayback Machine 5185: 5181: 5174: 5160: 5159: 5155: 5145: 5143: 5130: 5129: 5120: 5113: 5099: 5098: 5094: 5084: 5082: 5069: 5068: 5064: 5050: 5048: 5035: 5031: 5024: 5010: 5009: 5002: 4990: 4986: 4976: 4974: 4957: 4956: 4952: 4942: 4940: 4931: 4930: 4926: 4921: 4917: 4906:Margaret Simons 4899: 4895: 4881: 4879: 4865: 4861: 4854: 4840: 4839: 4835: 4825: 4823: 4821:Australian Army 4815: 4814: 4810: 4802: 4788: 4779: 4768: 4764: 4753: 4749: 4731: 4727: 4708:Stephen, Ninian 4705: 4698: 4687: 4680: 4672: 4668: 4667: 4663: 4653: 4651: 4642: 4641: 4637: 4625: 4621: 4620: 4613: 4608:. 6 March 2009. 4600: 4599: 4595: 4585: 4583: 4568: 4567: 4563: 4553: 4551: 4542: 4541: 4537: 4527: 4525: 4503: 4494: 4481: 4480: 4476: 4469: 4461:. p. 700. 4457:. Sydney, NSW: 4449: 4445: 4435: 4433: 4422: 4418: 4408: 4406: 4398: 4397: 4393: 4383: 4381: 4371: 4367: 4360: 4346: 4345: 4338: 4319: 4315: 4302: 4301: 4294: 4287: 4273: 4272: 4268: 4249: 4240: 4230: 4228: 4220: 4219: 4215: 4208: 4194: 4190: 4178: 4174: 4164: 4162: 4158: 4151: 4147: 4146: 4142: 4132: 4130: 4120: 4116: 4103: 4102: 4098: 4091: 4069: 4065: 4058: 4044: 4043: 4039: 4028: 4021: 4014: 3992: 3985: 3974: 3967: 3960: 3946: 3945: 3941: 3902: 3898: 3880: 3876: 3863: 3862: 3858: 3851: 3829: 3825: 3814: 3810: 3799: 3795: 3784: 3769: 3758: 3754: 3743: 3739: 3728: 3724: 3717: 3699: 3690: 3679: 3675: 3665: 3663: 3648: 3647: 3643: 3632: 3613: 3609: 3598: 3594: 3584: 3582: 3569: 3568: 3564: 3554: 3552: 3548: 3544:. 1 July 2019. 3537: 3533: 3532: 3528: 3518: 3516: 3512: 3508:. 1 July 2019. 3501: 3497: 3496: 3492: 3485: 3471: 3467: 3446: 3445: 3441: 3431: 3429: 3416: 3415: 3404: 3397: 3383: 3382: 3378: 3364: 3362: 3347: 3346: 3342: 3332: 3330: 3315: 3311: 3301: 3299: 3289: 3285: 3278: 3256: 3247: 3234: 3233: 3229: 3219: 3217: 3202: 3198: 3188: 3186: 3173: 3172: 3165: 3153: 3149: 3139: 3137: 3129: 3128: 3124: 3111: 3110: 3103: 3098: 3093: 3092: 3083: 3079: 3070: 3066: 3061: 2992: 2987: 2985: 2954: 2947: 2885:vice-chancellor 2806:Stanley Baldwin 2798:Lord Stonehaven 2755:Michael Jeffery 2684: 2472:Lord Stonehaven 2417:Colonial Office 2409:Colonial Office 2374: 2373: 2372: 2371: 2370: 2367: 2358: 2357: 2356: 2353: 2344: 2343: 2342: 2335: 2293: 2177:have the style 2161: 2120: 2105:Samantha Mostyn 2088: 2076:Peking to Paris 2070:Kerr following 2033: 2024: 1995: 1915: 1909: 1885: 1785: 1721:David Gascoigne 1705: 1703:Diplomatic role 1669: 1667:Ceremonial role 1609:of convention. 1593:Prime Minister 1587: 1528: 1460: 1448: 1419: 1418: 1399:South Australia 1379:New South Wales 1366: 1364: 1359: 1358: 1289: 1285: 1277: 1276: 1238: 1225: 1217: 1198:Nationality law 1194: 1182: 1163: 1159: 1151: 1150: 1106: 1102: 1094: 1093: 1080: 1061: 1057: 1049: 1048: 1025: 1002: 961: 957: 949: 948: 935: 924:Will Alstergren 908: 881: 845:Stephen Gageler 828: 824: 816: 815: 811:Shadow Ministry 787: 755: 723: 700: 696: 688: 687: 660: 624: 620: 612: 611: 577: 573: 544: 540: 531: 525: 504:William McMahon 495: 469:prime minister 400: 364: 352:Samantha Mostyn 324:Admiralty House 219: 193:29 October 1900 181: 167: 146: 129:Admiralty House 127: 90: 88: 87: 83: 80: 68: 54: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10278: 10268: 10267: 10262: 10257: 10252: 10247: 10242: 10225: 10224: 10222: 10221: 10216: 10211: 10206: 10201: 10196: 10191: 10186: 10181: 10176: 10171: 10166: 10161: 10156: 10151: 10146: 10141: 10136: 10131: 10125: 10123: 10119: 10118: 10115: 10114: 10109: 10107: 10103: 10102: 10100: 10099: 10094: 10089: 10084: 10079: 10074: 10069: 10064: 10062:Cayman Islands 10059: 10054: 10049: 10044: 10039: 10033: 10031: 10025: 10024: 10022: 10021: 10016: 10011: 10005: 10003: 9997: 9996: 9994: 9993: 9988: 9983: 9977: 9975: 9969: 9968: 9966: 9965: 9960: 9955: 9950: 9945: 9940: 9935: 9930: 9925: 9920: 9914: 9912: 9906: 9905: 9903: 9902: 9897: 9892: 9887: 9882: 9877: 9871: 9869: 9860: 9856: 9855: 9853: 9852: 9851: 9850: 9845: 9840: 9835: 9830: 9825: 9820: 9815: 9810: 9805: 9800: 9795: 9790: 9785: 9775: 9768: 9766: 9762: 9761: 9754: 9753: 9746: 9739: 9731: 9722: 9721: 9719: 9718: 9713: 9706: 9705: 9698: 9691: 9683: 9682: 9679: 9678: 9675: 9674: 9672: 9671: 9666: 9661: 9656: 9651: 9646: 9641: 9636: 9631: 9626: 9621: 9616: 9611: 9606: 9601: 9596: 9591: 9585: 9583: 9577: 9576: 9574: 9573: 9568: 9563: 9558: 9553: 9548: 9543: 9542: 9541: 9536: 9531: 9521: 9516: 9511: 9506: 9501: 9496: 9491: 9486: 9481: 9476: 9471: 9466: 9461: 9456: 9450: 9444: 9438: 9437: 9434: 9433: 9431: 9430: 9428:Welfare system 9425: 9420: 9415: 9410: 9405: 9403:Superannuation 9400: 9398:Stock exchange 9395: 9390: 9385: 9380: 9375: 9370: 9365: 9364: 9363: 9361:Public housing 9356:Home ownership 9353: 9348: 9343: 9338: 9332: 9326: 9320: 9319: 9316: 9315: 9313: 9312: 9311: 9310: 9303:Prime Minister 9300: 9299: 9298: 9288: 9287: 9286: 9275: 9273: 9267: 9266: 9264: 9263: 9261:Shadow Cabinet 9258: 9257: 9256: 9251: 9241: 9239:Public Service 9236: 9235: 9234: 9229: 9224: 9219: 9214: 9209: 9204: 9199: 9189: 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9168: 9167: 9162: 9157: 9147: 9142: 9141: 9140: 9135: 9130: 9120: 9115: 9113:Federal budget 9110: 9109: 9108: 9103: 9098: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9072: 9066: 9060: 9059: 9056: 9055: 9053: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9036: 9034: 9028: 9027: 9025: 9024: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8984: 8979: 8974: 8969: 8968: 8967: 8957: 8952: 8947: 8945:Climate change 8942: 8936: 8930: 8924: 8923: 8920: 8919: 8917: 8916: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8896: 8891: 8886: 8881: 8876: 8874:Constitutional 8871: 8865: 8863: 8859: 8858: 8856: 8855: 8850: 8845: 8840: 8835: 8830: 8825: 8820: 8815: 8810: 8804: 8798: 8792: 8791: 8780: 8779: 8772: 8765: 8757: 8748: 8747: 8744: 8743: 8741: 8740: 8735: 8730: 8725: 8720: 8715: 8710: 8705: 8700: 8695: 8690: 8685: 8680: 8678:(xxii) Divorce 8675: 8673:(xxi) Marriage 8670: 8665: 8660: 8655: 8650: 8648:(xiii) Banking 8645: 8643:(xii) Currency 8640: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8606: 8604: 8596: 8595: 8593: 8592: 8587: 8582: 8577: 8572: 8567: 8562: 8557: 8552: 8547: 8542: 8537: 8532: 8527: 8522: 8517: 8512: 8507: 8502: 8497: 8492: 8487: 8482: 8477: 8472: 8467: 8462: 8457: 8452: 8447: 8442: 8437: 8432: 8427: 8422: 8417: 8412: 8407: 8402: 8397: 8392: 8387: 8382: 8377: 8372: 8367: 8362: 8357: 8352: 8347: 8342: 8337: 8332: 8327: 8322: 8317: 8312: 8307: 8302: 8297: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8277: 8272: 8267: 8262: 8257: 8252: 8247: 8242: 8237: 8232: 8227: 8222: 8217: 8212: 8207: 8202: 8197: 8192: 8187: 8182: 8177: 8172: 8167: 8162: 8157: 8152: 8147: 8142: 8137: 8132: 8127: 8122: 8117: 8112: 8107: 8102: 8097: 8092: 8087: 8082: 8077: 8072: 8067: 8062: 8057: 8052: 8047: 8042: 8037: 8032: 8027: 8022: 8017: 8012: 8007: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7987: 7982: 7977: 7972: 7967: 7962: 7957: 7951: 7945: 7941: 7940: 7938: 7937: 7932: 7927: 7925:VI: New States 7922: 7917: 7912: 7907: 7902: 7896: 7894: 7890: 7889: 7887: 7886: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7856: 7851: 7845: 7843: 7839: 7838: 7836: 7835: 7830: 7825: 7820: 7815: 7809: 7807: 7803: 7802: 7800: 7799: 7794: 7789: 7784: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7753: 7751: 7747: 7746: 7744: 7743: 7738: 7733: 7728: 7723: 7718: 7713: 7708: 7703: 7697: 7695: 7691: 7690: 7688: 7687: 7682: 7676: 7674: 7670: 7669: 7667: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7651: 7645: 7643: 7642:Judicial power 7639: 7638: 7636: 7635: 7630: 7625: 7620: 7615: 7610: 7604: 7602: 7598: 7597: 7595: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7574: 7568: 7566: 7562: 7561: 7554: 7553: 7546: 7539: 7531: 7522: 7521: 7519: 7518: 7513: 7511:Working Family 7508: 7503: 7498: 7493: 7488: 7483: 7478: 7473: 7468: 7463: 7458: 7453: 7448: 7443: 7438: 7433: 7428: 7423: 7418: 7413: 7408: 7403: 7398: 7393: 7388: 7386:Casual vacancy 7383: 7378: 7373: 7367: 7365: 7357: 7356: 7354: 7353: 7348: 7343: 7338: 7333: 7328: 7323: 7318: 7313: 7308: 7285: 7283: 7275: 7274: 7272: 7271: 7261: 7251: 7241: 7231: 7221: 7211: 7200: 7198: 7190: 7189: 7187: 7186: 7180: 7179: 7174: 7169: 7164: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7138: 7137: 7132: 7127: 7122: 7117: 7112: 7107: 7102: 7096: 7094: 7086: 7085: 7083: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7047: 7041: 7040: 7035: 7030: 7025: 7019: 7017: 7009: 7008: 7006: 7005: 6999: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6966: 6961: 6956: 6951: 6946: 6941: 6936: 6931: 6926: 6921: 6916: 6911: 6906: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6886: 6881: 6875: 6873: 6865: 6864: 6862: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6845: 6844: 6839: 6833: 6832: 6827: 6822: 6817: 6811: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6795: 6791:Shadow Cabinet 6783: 6781:Prime Minister 6778: 6773: 6767: 6765: 6759: 6758: 6751: 6750: 6743: 6736: 6728: 6719: 6718: 6716: 6715: 6710: 6704: 6702: 6698: 6697: 6695: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6678: 6676: 6672: 6671: 6669: 6668: 6663: 6658: 6653: 6648: 6643: 6637: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6610: 6608: 6602: 6601: 6599: 6598: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6576:King's Consent 6573: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6556:Joint meetings 6553: 6547: 6545: 6541: 6540: 6538: 6537: 6532: 6527: 6522: 6516: 6514: 6508: 6507: 6504: 6503: 6501: 6500: 6495: 6482: 6480: 6474: 6473: 6471: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6447: 6445: 6438: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6416: 6414: 6410: 6409: 6406: 6405: 6403: 6402: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6377: 6375:Prime Minister 6372: 6367: 6361: 6359: 6353: 6352: 6350: 6349: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6308: 6306: 6299: 6293: 6292: 6285: 6283: 6281: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6257: 6255: 6251: 6250: 6243: 6242: 6235: 6228: 6220: 6211: 6210: 6205: 6202: 6201: 6194: 6192: 6190: 6189: 6184: 6179: 6174: 6169: 6164: 6159: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6077:Munro Ferguson 6074: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6054: 6048: 6046: 6039: 6036: 6035: 6028: 6027: 6020: 6013: 6005: 5999: 5998: 5991: 5990:External links 5988: 5987: 5986: 5980: 5964: 5958: 5942: 5926: 5919: 5903: 5897: 5884: 5878: 5865: 5851: 5848: 5845: 5844: 5813: 5783: 5750: 5731: 5725:Gavin Souter, 5718: 5711: 5693: 5691:, p. 164. 5681: 5679:, p. 152. 5669: 5667:, p. 151. 5657: 5635: 5621:. 17 July 2016 5606: 5583:Ross, Thomas. 5575: 5553: 5530: 5508: 5464: 5450: 5437: 5422: 5407: 5379: 5360: 5345: 5321: 5299: 5274: 5248: 5229: 5208:"David Smith, 5199: 5179: 5172: 5153: 5118: 5111: 5092: 5062: 5029: 5022: 5000: 4984: 4950: 4924: 4915: 4902:Malcolm Fraser 4893: 4868:Ninian Stephen 4859: 4852: 4833: 4808: 4777: 4762: 4747: 4725: 4696: 4678: 4661: 4635: 4611: 4593: 4561: 4535: 4492: 4474: 4467: 4443: 4416: 4391: 4365: 4358: 4336: 4313: 4292: 4285: 4266: 4238: 4213: 4206: 4188: 4172: 4140: 4114: 4096: 4089: 4063: 4056: 4037: 4019: 4012: 3983: 3965: 3958: 3939: 3896: 3874: 3856: 3849: 3833:"A Parliament" 3823: 3808: 3793: 3767: 3752: 3737: 3722: 3715: 3688: 3673: 3641: 3630: 3607: 3592: 3562: 3526: 3490: 3483: 3465: 3439: 3402: 3395: 3376: 3340: 3309: 3283: 3276: 3245: 3227: 3196: 3163: 3147: 3122: 3100: 3099: 3097: 3094: 3091: 3090: 3086:Ninian Stephen 3077: 3063: 3062: 3060: 3057: 3056: 3055: 3044: 3039: 3033: 3028: 3026:British Empire 3023: 3018: 3013: 3008: 3003: 2998: 2991: 2988: 2955: 2946: 2943: 2822:Lord De L'Isle 2814:Lord Dunrossil 2771:Lord Northcote 2730:was an avowed 2683: 2680: 2676:Clarence House 2668:Prince William 2663:Prince Charles 2644:Robert Menzies 2636:William McKell 2368: 2361: 2360: 2359: 2354: 2347: 2346: 2345: 2336: 2329: 2328: 2327: 2326: 2325: 2305:Queen Victoria 2301:letters patent 2292: 2289: 2273:His Excellency 2269:Her Excellency 2234:The Honourable 2230:William McKell 2226:the Lord Casey 2204:letters patent 2183:the Honourable 2170:the Honourable 2160: 2157: 2135:court uniforms 2119: 2118:Official dress 2116: 2087: 2084: 2032: 2029: 1988:Kenneth Bailey 1949:letters patent 1908: 1905: 1884: 1883:Community role 1881: 1873:Malcolm Fraser 1837:British Empire 1833:Robert Menzies 1784: 1781: 1704: 1701: 1668: 1665: 1644: 1643: 1640: 1637: 1634: 1631: 1624: 1623: 1620: 1617: 1599:Peter Cosgrove 1586: 1585:Reserve powers 1583: 1527: 1524: 1509:Flags Act 1953 1459: 1456: 1450: 1449: 1447: 1446: 1439: 1432: 1424: 1421: 1420: 1417: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1375: 1374: 1361: 1360: 1357: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1296: 1290: 1283: 1282: 1279: 1278: 1275: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1262:European Union 1259: 1254: 1249: 1247:United Kingdom 1244: 1237: 1236: 1231: 1224: 1223: 1216: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1200: 1193: 1192: 1181: 1180: 1171: 1170: 1164: 1157: 1156: 1153: 1152: 1149: 1148: 1143: 1138: 1133: 1128: 1123: 1118: 1113: 1107: 1100: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1092: 1091: 1086: 1079: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1062: 1055: 1054: 1051: 1050: 1047: 1046: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1024: 1023: 1018: 1013: 1008: 1001: 1000: 995: 990: 985: 980: 975: 969: 968: 962: 955: 954: 951: 950: 947: 946: 941: 934: 933: 931:List of Judges 927: 926: 917: 916: 907: 906: 904:List of Judges 900: 899: 897:Debra Mortimer 890: 889: 880: 879: 874: 869: 864: 859: 854: 848: 847: 838: 837: 829: 822: 821: 818: 817: 814: 813: 807: 806: 796: 795: 786: 785: 775: 774: 764: 763: 754: 753: 743: 742: 732: 731: 710: 709: 701: 694: 693: 690: 689: 686: 685: 679: 678: 669: 668: 659: 658: 655:Richard Marles 651: 650: 642: 641: 634: 633: 630:Prime Minister 625: 618: 617: 614: 613: 610: 609: 603: 602: 594: 593: 587: 586: 578: 571: 570: 567: 566: 560: 559: 549: 548: 536: 535: 524: 521: 494: 491: 448:Lord Dunrossil 440:letters patent 399: 396: 363: 360: 308:reserve powers 274:prime minister 229: 228: 217: 213: 212: 209: 205: 204: 199: 195: 194: 191: 187: 186: 174: 170: 169: 162: 156: 155: 153:prime minister 141: 137: 136: 117: 111: 110: 105: 99: 98: 92: 91: 81: 74: 73: 70: 69: 64: 56: 55: 52: 44: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10277: 10266: 10263: 10261: 10258: 10256: 10253: 10251: 10248: 10246: 10243: 10241: 10238: 10237: 10235: 10220: 10217: 10215: 10212: 10210: 10207: 10205: 10202: 10200: 10197: 10195: 10192: 10190: 10187: 10185: 10182: 10180: 10177: 10175: 10172: 10170: 10167: 10165: 10162: 10160: 10157: 10155: 10152: 10150: 10147: 10145: 10142: 10140: 10137: 10135: 10132: 10130: 10127: 10126: 10124: 10120: 10112: 10108: 10104: 10098: 10095: 10093: 10090: 10088: 10085: 10083: 10080: 10078: 10075: 10073: 10070: 10068: 10065: 10063: 10060: 10058: 10055: 10053: 10050: 10048: 10045: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10034: 10032: 10030: 10026: 10020: 10017: 10015: 10012: 10010: 10007: 10006: 10004: 10002: 9998: 9992: 9989: 9987: 9984: 9982: 9979: 9978: 9976: 9974: 9970: 9964: 9961: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9951: 9949: 9946: 9944: 9941: 9939: 9936: 9934: 9933:New Brunswick 9931: 9929: 9926: 9924: 9921: 9919: 9916: 9915: 9913: 9911: 9907: 9901: 9898: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9883: 9881: 9878: 9876: 9873: 9872: 9870: 9868: 9864: 9861: 9857: 9849: 9846: 9844: 9841: 9839: 9836: 9834: 9831: 9829: 9826: 9824: 9821: 9819: 9816: 9814: 9811: 9809: 9806: 9804: 9801: 9799: 9796: 9794: 9791: 9789: 9786: 9784: 9781: 9780: 9779: 9776: 9773: 9770: 9769: 9767: 9763: 9759: 9752: 9747: 9745: 9740: 9738: 9733: 9732: 9729: 9717: 9714: 9712: 9709: 9708: 9703: 9699: 9696: 9692: 9689: 9685: 9684: 9680: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9625: 9622: 9620: 9617: 9615: 9612: 9610: 9607: 9605: 9602: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9586: 9584: 9582: 9578: 9572: 9569: 9567: 9564: 9562: 9559: 9557: 9554: 9552: 9549: 9547: 9544: 9540: 9537: 9535: 9534:Ethnic groups 9532: 9530: 9527: 9526: 9525: 9522: 9520: 9517: 9515: 9512: 9510: 9507: 9505: 9502: 9500: 9497: 9495: 9492: 9490: 9487: 9485: 9482: 9480: 9477: 9475: 9472: 9470: 9467: 9465: 9462: 9460: 9457: 9455: 9452: 9451: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9439: 9429: 9426: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9404: 9401: 9399: 9396: 9394: 9391: 9389: 9386: 9384: 9381: 9379: 9376: 9374: 9373:Manufacturing 9371: 9369: 9366: 9362: 9359: 9358: 9357: 9354: 9352: 9349: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9333: 9330: 9327: 9325: 9321: 9309: 9306: 9305: 9304: 9301: 9297: 9294: 9293: 9292: 9289: 9285: 9282: 9281: 9280: 9277: 9276: 9274: 9272: 9268: 9262: 9259: 9255: 9252: 9250: 9247: 9246: 9245: 9242: 9240: 9237: 9233: 9230: 9228: 9227:Republicanism 9225: 9223: 9220: 9218: 9215: 9213: 9210: 9208: 9205: 9203: 9200: 9198: 9195: 9194: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9182:National debt 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9152: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9139: 9136: 9134: 9131: 9129: 9126: 9125: 9124: 9121: 9119: 9116: 9114: 9111: 9107: 9104: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9093: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9073: 9070: 9067: 9065: 9061: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9037: 9035: 9033: 9029: 9023: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8966: 8963: 8962: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8941: 8938: 8937: 8934: 8931: 8929: 8925: 8915: 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8872: 8870: 8867: 8866: 8864: 8860: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8844: 8841: 8839: 8836: 8834: 8831: 8829: 8826: 8824: 8821: 8819: 8816: 8814: 8811: 8809: 8806: 8805: 8802: 8799: 8797: 8793: 8789: 8785: 8778: 8773: 8771: 8766: 8764: 8759: 8758: 8755: 8739: 8736: 8734: 8731: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8706: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8679: 8676: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8664: 8661: 8659: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8649: 8646: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8638:(x) Fisheries 8636: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8618:(ii) Taxation 8616: 8614: 8611: 8608: 8607: 8605: 8603: 8597: 8591: 8588: 8586: 8583: 8581: 8578: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8553: 8551: 8548: 8546: 8543: 8541: 8538: 8536: 8533: 8531: 8528: 8526: 8523: 8521: 8518: 8516: 8513: 8511: 8508: 8506: 8503: 8501: 8498: 8496: 8493: 8491: 8488: 8486: 8483: 8481: 8478: 8476: 8473: 8471: 8468: 8466: 8463: 8461: 8458: 8456: 8453: 8451: 8448: 8446: 8443: 8441: 8438: 8436: 8433: 8431: 8428: 8426: 8423: 8421: 8418: 8416: 8413: 8411: 8408: 8406: 8403: 8401: 8398: 8396: 8393: 8391: 8388: 8386: 8383: 8381: 8378: 8376: 8373: 8371: 8368: 8366: 8363: 8361: 8358: 8356: 8353: 8351: 8348: 8346: 8343: 8341: 8338: 8336: 8333: 8331: 8328: 8326: 8323: 8321: 8318: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8301: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8261: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8246: 8243: 8241: 8238: 8236: 8233: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8218: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8196: 8193: 8191: 8188: 8186: 8183: 8181: 8178: 8176: 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8163: 8161: 8158: 8156: 8153: 8151: 8148: 8146: 8143: 8141: 8138: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8123: 8121: 8118: 8116: 8113: 8111: 8108: 8106: 8103: 8101: 8098: 8096: 8093: 8091: 8088: 8086: 8083: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8073: 8071: 8068: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8056: 8053: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8038: 8036: 8033: 8031: 8028: 8026: 8023: 8021: 8018: 8016: 8013: 8011: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7988: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7976: 7973: 7971: 7968: 7966: 7963: 7961: 7958: 7956: 7953: 7952: 7949: 7946: 7942: 7936: 7933: 7931: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7920:V: The States 7918: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7908: 7906: 7903: 7901: 7898: 7897: 7895: 7891: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7864: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7854:The Dismissal 7852: 7850: 7847: 7846: 7844: 7840: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7824: 7821: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7811: 7810: 7808: 7804: 7798: 7795: 7793: 7790: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7780: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7754: 7752: 7748: 7742: 7739: 7737: 7734: 7732: 7729: 7727: 7724: 7722: 7719: 7717: 7714: 7712: 7709: 7707: 7704: 7702: 7699: 7698: 7696: 7692: 7686: 7685:Privy Council 7683: 7681: 7678: 7677: 7675: 7671: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7646: 7644: 7640: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7621: 7619: 7616: 7614: 7611: 7609: 7606: 7605: 7603: 7599: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7569: 7567: 7563: 7559: 7552: 7547: 7545: 7540: 7538: 7533: 7532: 7529: 7517: 7514: 7512: 7509: 7507: 7504: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7479: 7477: 7474: 7472: 7471:Mortgage belt 7469: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7449: 7447: 7444: 7442: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7432: 7429: 7427: 7424: 7422: 7419: 7417: 7416:Dorothy Dixer 7414: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7391:Caucus revolt 7389: 7387: 7384: 7382: 7379: 7377: 7374: 7372: 7369: 7368: 7366: 7364: 7358: 7352: 7349: 7347: 7346:Other parties 7344: 7342: 7339: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7312: 7309: 7306: 7302: 7298: 7294: 7290: 7287: 7286: 7284: 7282: 7276: 7269: 7265: 7262: 7259: 7255: 7252: 7249: 7245: 7242: 7239: 7235: 7232: 7229: 7225: 7222: 7219: 7215: 7212: 7209: 7205: 7202: 7201: 7199: 7197: 7191: 7185: 7182: 7181: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7139: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7097: 7095: 7093: 7087: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7042: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7021: 7020: 7018: 7016: 7010: 7004: 7001: 7000: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6986: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6937: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6876: 6874: 6872: 6866: 6860: 6859:Australia Act 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6846: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6835: 6834: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6812: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6792: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6768: 6766: 6764: 6760: 6756: 6749: 6744: 6742: 6737: 6735: 6730: 6729: 6726: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6705: 6703: 6699: 6693: 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6680: 6679: 6677: 6673: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6657: 6654: 6652: 6649: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6638: 6636: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6611: 6609: 6607: 6603: 6597: 6596:House of Reps 6594: | 6593: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6574: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6561:Question time 6559: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6548: 6546: 6542: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6517: 6515: 6513: 6509: 6499: 6496: 6492: 6487: 6484: 6483: 6481: 6475: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6461: 6457: 6452: 6449: 6448: 6446: 6442: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6417: 6415: 6411: 6400: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6362: 6360: 6354: 6347: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6309: 6307: 6303: 6300: 6296:Parliamentary 6294: 6289: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6267: 6262: 6259: 6258: 6256: 6252: 6248: 6241: 6236: 6234: 6229: 6227: 6222: 6221: 6218: 6208: 6203: 6198: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6049: 6043: 6037: 6033: 6026: 6021: 6019: 6014: 6012: 6007: 6006: 6003: 5997: 5994: 5993: 5983: 5977: 5973: 5969: 5965: 5961: 5959:9781925501155 5955: 5951: 5947: 5943: 5939: 5935: 5931: 5927: 5922: 5920:0-207-18769-X 5916: 5912: 5908: 5904: 5900: 5894: 5890: 5885: 5881: 5879:0-86861-238-3 5875: 5871: 5866: 5862: 5858: 5854: 5853: 5832: 5828: 5824: 5817: 5801: 5797: 5793: 5787: 5771: 5767: 5766: 5761: 5754: 5746: 5742: 5735: 5728: 5722: 5714: 5708: 5704: 5697: 5690: 5685: 5678: 5673: 5666: 5661: 5653: 5649: 5645: 5639: 5632: 5620: 5616: 5610: 5594: 5590: 5586: 5579: 5571: 5567: 5563: 5557: 5550: 5546: 5542: 5539: 5534: 5526: 5522: 5515: 5513: 5503: 5499: 5493: 5477: 5473: 5468: 5460: 5454: 5447: 5446:chief justice 5441: 5435: 5431: 5426: 5420: 5416: 5411: 5404: 5399: 5398: 5393: 5389: 5383: 5375: 5371: 5364: 5358: 5354: 5349: 5341: 5340: 5335: 5331: 5330:Brown, Warren 5325: 5317: 5313: 5306: 5304: 5288: 5284: 5278: 5262: 5258: 5252: 5246: 5242: 5239: 5233: 5217: 5213: 5211: 5203: 5197: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5183: 5175: 5173:0-644-06897-3 5169: 5165: 5164: 5157: 5141: 5137: 5133: 5127: 5125: 5123: 5114: 5112:0-644-06897-3 5108: 5104: 5103: 5096: 5080: 5076: 5072: 5066: 5059: 5046: 5042: 5041: 5033: 5025: 5023:0-644-06897-3 5019: 5015: 5014: 5007: 5005: 4997: 4993: 4988: 4972: 4968: 4964: 4960: 4954: 4938: 4934: 4933:"Chief Scout" 4928: 4919: 4911: 4907: 4903: 4897: 4890: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4863: 4855: 4853:0-644-06897-3 4849: 4845: 4844: 4837: 4822: 4818: 4812: 4801: 4797: 4793: 4786: 4784: 4782: 4775: 4771: 4766: 4760: 4756: 4751: 4743: 4739: 4735: 4729: 4721: 4717: 4713: 4709: 4703: 4701: 4694: 4690: 4685: 4683: 4671: 4665: 4649: 4645: 4639: 4631: 4624: 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3746: 3741: 3735: 3731: 3726: 3718: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3697: 3695: 3693: 3686: 3682: 3677: 3661: 3657: 3656: 3651: 3645: 3637: 3633: 3627: 3623: 3622: 3617: 3611: 3605: 3601: 3596: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3566: 3547: 3543: 3536: 3530: 3511: 3507: 3500: 3494: 3486: 3480: 3476: 3469: 3461: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3443: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3413: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3398: 3396:0-644-06897-3 3392: 3388: 3387: 3380: 3372: 3360: 3356: 3355: 3350: 3344: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3313: 3298: 3294: 3287: 3279: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3254: 3252: 3250: 3241: 3237: 3231: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3200: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3170: 3168: 3160: 3156: 3151: 3136: 3132: 3126: 3118: 3114: 3108: 3106: 3101: 3087: 3081: 3074: 3071:Formally the 3068: 3064: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3043: 3040: 3037: 3034: 3032: 3029: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3012: 3009: 3007: 3004: 3002: 2999: 2997: 2994: 2993: 2952: 2942: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2923: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2869:chief justice 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1685:Sir John Kerr 1681: 1679: 1675: 1664: 1661: 1657: 1656:Gough Whitlam 1653: 1652:Sir John Kerr 1649: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1632: 1629: 1628: 1627: 1621: 1618: 1615: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1591: 1582: 1580: 1575: 1573: 1569: 1568: 1563: 1557: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1532: 1523: 1519: 1517: 1516: 1511: 1510: 1505: 1499: 1496: 1491: 1489: 1488:King's Speech 1484: 1479: 1477: 1476:UK parliament 1473: 1469: 1465: 1455: 1445: 1440: 1438: 1433: 1431: 1426: 1425: 1423: 1422: 1415: 1412: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1373: 1363: 1362: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1344:Republicanism 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1291: 1288: 1281: 1280: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1252:United States 1250: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1239: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1226: 1222: 1219: 1218: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1201: 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Retrieved 5826: 5816: 5804:. Retrieved 5795: 5786: 5774:. Retrieved 5763: 5753: 5744: 5740: 5734: 5726: 5721: 5702: 5696: 5689:Cunneen 1983 5684: 5677:Cunneen 1983 5672: 5665:Cunneen 1983 5660: 5651: 5647: 5638: 5630: 5623:. Retrieved 5618: 5609: 5597:. Retrieved 5593:the original 5588: 5578: 5570:the original 5562:Abbott, Tony 5556: 5548: 5533: 5524: 5480:. Retrieved 5467: 5453: 5440: 5429: 5425: 5414: 5410: 5401: 5395: 5382: 5373: 5363: 5352: 5348: 5337: 5324: 5315: 5290:. Retrieved 5286: 5277: 5265:. Retrieved 5261:the original 5251: 5232: 5220:. Retrieved 5216:the original 5209: 5202: 5186: 5182: 5162: 5156: 5144:. Retrieved 5135: 5101: 5095: 5083:. Retrieved 5074: 5065: 5049:. Retrieved 5039: 5032: 5012: 4991: 4987: 4975:. Retrieved 4971:the original 4966: 4962: 4953: 4941:. Retrieved 4937:the original 4927: 4918: 4909: 4896: 4887: 4880:. Retrieved 4876:the original 4862: 4842: 4836: 4824:. Retrieved 4820: 4811: 4795: 4769: 4765: 4754: 4750: 4741: 4734:Twomey, Anne 4728: 4720:the original 4715: 4688: 4664: 4652:. Retrieved 4647: 4638: 4629: 4605: 4596: 4584:. Retrieved 4573: 4564: 4552:. Retrieved 4538: 4526:. Retrieved 4517: 4513: 4506:Smith, David 4486: 4477: 4453: 4446: 4434:. Retrieved 4429: 4419: 4407:. Retrieved 4403: 4394: 4382:. Retrieved 4378: 4368: 4348: 4316: 4307: 4275: 4269: 4229:. Retrieved 4225: 4216: 4197: 4191: 4179: 4175: 4163:. Retrieved 4143: 4131:. Retrieved 4127: 4117: 4108: 4099: 4076: 4066: 4046: 4040: 4029: 3999: 3975: 3948: 3942: 3932:– via 3913: 3909: 3899: 3890: 3883:Twomey, Anne 3877: 3868: 3865:"Law-making" 3859: 3836: 3826: 3815: 3811: 3800: 3796: 3785: 3759: 3755: 3744: 3740: 3729: 3725: 3706: 3680: 3676: 3664:. Retrieved 3653: 3644: 3634:– via 3620: 3616:Twomey, Anne 3610: 3599: 3595: 3583:. Retrieved 3575:The Guardian 3574: 3565: 3553:. Retrieved 3541: 3529: 3517:. Retrieved 3505: 3493: 3474: 3468: 3451: 3442: 3430:. 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FlagPost. 5222:11 February 4977:15 November 4943:15 November 3555:3 September 3519:3 September 3432:3 September 3220:31 December 2910:and former 2861:Bill Hayden 2846:Bill Hayden 2790:Lord Dudley 2751:Lord Gowrie 2736:affirmation 2728:Bill Hayden 2672:John Howard 2456:Lord Milner 2254:Tony Abbott 2250:pre-nominal 2238:Bill Hayden 2080:Lindsay Fox 2016:David Smith 1893:Bill Hayden 1857:John Gorton 1845:Axis powers 1765:ambassadors 1717:Patsy Reddy 1339:Nationalism 1242:New Zealand 1213:Visa policy 877:Beech-Jones 771:Milton Dick 697:Legislature 591:Charles III 542:Politics of 517:John McEwen 508:Harold Holt 362:Appointment 243:Charles III 160:Term length 10234:Categories 10209:Tanganyika 10144:The Gambia 10077:Montserrat 9880:Queensland 9654:Television 9624:Literature 9509:Irreligion 9489:Healthcare 9484:Euthanasia 9464:Censorship 9271:Government 9217:Liberalism 9187:Parliament 8899:Indigenous 8889:Federation 8879:Diplomatic 8853:Since 1945 8818:Prehistory 7944:By section 7893:By chapter 7750:Amendments 7721:Federalism 7649:High Court 7572:Parliament 7486:Playmander 7361:Political 7351:Historical 7336:One Nation 7279:Political 7224:Queensland 7196:government 6837:High Court 6815:Parliament 6463:Appointees 6254:Components 6102:Gloucester 6087:Stonehaven 5776:17 October 5712:0522843670 5292:21 January 4889:section... 4826:21 January 4654:21 January 4586:7 February 4554:7 February 4528:7 February 4436:17 January 4384:17 January 4231:17 January 3916:: 83–116. 3189:16 January 3096:References 2900:Archbishop 2877:High Court 2857:Lord Casey 2706:, and one 2651:Lord Casey 2378:federation 2303:issued by 2281:Lady Casey 2228:; and Sir 2195:ex officio 2173:and their 2167:Excellency 2139:Royal Arms 2031:Privileges 1564:under the 1389:Queensland 1349:Secularism 1329:Monarchism 1324:Liberalism 1286:Ideologies 1178:Penny Wong 792:Opposition 782:Tony Burke 750:Penny Wong 607:Sam Mostyn 512:Lord Casey 487:convention 340:Federation 264:, issuing 251:Sam Mostyn 85:Sam Mostyn 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News 5770:Archived 5729:, p. 269 5541:Archived 5492:cite web 5434:s 4 5419:s 3 5332:(2004). 5241:Archived 5192:Archived 5140:Archived 5079:Archived 5051:25 March 5045:Archived 4908:(2011). 4882:22 April 4800:Archived 4580:Archived 4548:Archived 4522:Archived 4508:(1996). 4165:29 March 4156:Archived 4133:23 March 4081:Canberra 4004:Canberra 3841:Canberra 3660:Archived 3618:(2006). 3579:Archived 3546:Archived 3510:Archived 3460:Archived 3359:Archived 3327:Archived 3323:ABC News 3268:Canberra 3214:Archived 3183:Archived 3159:s 3 3140:22 April 2990:See also 2904:Brisbane 2897:Anglican 2895:was the 2545:Dominion 2537:George V 2165:His/Her 1951:and the 1719:and Sir 1553:de facto 1512:and the 1470:and the 1404:Tasmania 1384:Victoria 673:Ministry 574:Monarchy 124:Canberra 10189:Nigeria 10042:Bermuda 9991:Tokelau 9948:Ontario 9918:Alberta 9813:Jamaica 9808:Grenada 9793:Bahamas 9688:Outline 9659:Theatre 9649:Symbols 9614:Cuisine 9581:Culture 9442:Society 9418:Tourism 9388:Poverty 9324:Economy 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