165:
298:, though with strengthened powers, so that many of the actions taken by the Lord Protector require the consent of a majority of the council; examples include the use of military when parliament is not sitting (IV) and declaring war and peace (V). The council also nominates ministers (XXXIV) and elects the Lord Protector upon the death of the previous one (XXXII).
243:
declared "that the people are, under God, the original of all just power; that the
Commons of England, being chosen by and representing the people, have the supreme power in this nation". This was used as the basis for the House of Commons to pass acts of parliament which did not have to be passed by
302:
Thus the Lord
Protector was far from an absolute ruler, with his powers limited in many areas. All three branches of government had checks upon each other, with the Lord Protector having the authority to veto a bill from Parliament, but a second majority vote after twenty days would pass the bill
306:
The instrument declared, "That the supreme legislative authority of the
Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and the dominions thereunto belonging, shall be and reside in one person, and the people assembled in Parliament: the style of which person shall be the Lord Protector of the
2781:
310:
Provision for a standing army was made "of 10,000 horse and dragoons, and 20,000 foot, in
England, Scotland and Ireland, for the defence and security thereof" and "a convenient number of ships for guarding of the seas" (XXVII).
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The instrument defined the numbers of MPs to be elected to parliament but at the same time disbarred
Royalists from election and temporarily from voting (XIV) and Catholics from election or voting (XV).
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the House of Lords or receive royal assent. Two days later the Rump alone passed the act creating the high court of justice that would try
Charles as a traitor. Charles was
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259:. It was a simple declaration that Parliament would appoint "Officers and Ministers under them for the good of the People... without any King or House of Lords".
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389:—the United States has sometimes claimed this historic document as a part of its political, legal, and historic heritage.
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Legislation was raised in
Parliament. These had to be called triennially, with each sitting for at least five months.
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62:
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The
Government of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland and the Dominions thereunto belonging
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216:. Charles had rejected the propositions, but before the start of the Second Civil War the
8:
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and two days later an act abolishing the House of Lords. On 19 May 1649 the Rump passed
2752:
405:
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284:. Although this post was elective, not hereditary, appointment was to be held for life.
201:
184:
and was also the first codified and written constitution in
England. It was drafted by
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was replaced in May 1657 by
England's second, and last, codified constitution, the
168:
Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland, used 1654–1655.
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of around twenty members to provide advice in the same manner as former
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587:
Modern History Sourcebook: Commonwealth Instrument of Government, 1653
208:
in 1647, intended to be a basis for a constitutional settlement after
374:
591:
232:
presented by the Agitators and their civilian supporters at the
129:
342:
on the following day. In January 1655, Cromwell dissolved the
318:
Electors needed to hold property holding of at least £200.
200:
included elements incorporated from an earlier document, "
368:
204:", a set of propositions that had been agreed to by the
273:
split the government of England across three elements.
220:(senior officers opposing the Leveller faction) of the
511:
Fritze, Ronald H. & Robison, William B. (1996).
2896:
513:Historical dictionary of Stuart England, 1603–1689
16:1653 constitution of England, Scotland and Ireland
307:Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland".
2963:
527:Aspects of English Protestantism, c. 1530–1700
56:Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland
1610:Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
607:
257:An Act declaring England to be a Commonwealth
182:Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland
44:
2810:Church of England Assembly (Powers) Act 1919
2846:Measures of the National Assembly for Wales
321:
2870:Acts of the Parliament of Northern Ireland
614:
600:
228:as their alternative to the more radical
21:Instrument of Government (disambiguation)
1608:Great Britain and Ireland and the United
458:
456:
454:
163:
549:American Historical Documents 1000–1904
491:Henry Ireton and the English Revolution
2964:
369:Influence on the American constitution
2858:Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly
595:
451:
373:Since North America had already been
2929:United Kingdom statutory instruments
94:(Installation of the Lord Protector)
2997:Republicanism in the United Kingdom
13:
621:
570:
14:
3038:
251:On 17 March, the Rump passed an
114:Lord Protector, Council of State
2830:Acts of the Scottish Parliament
529:, Manchester University Press,
2934:Scottish statutory instruments
515:, Greenwood Publishing Group,
468:
434:
422:
191:
1:
2951:Church of England instruments
630:Pre-parliamentary legislation
483:
446:Declaration of Representation
344:first Protectorate Parliament
262:
104:Unicameral (House of Commons)
2992:Political history of England
661:the Kingdom of Great Britain
551:, Wildside Press LLC, 2008.
7:
547:Washington, George (2008).
392:
253:act abolishing the monarchy
134:25 May 1657 (superseded by
10:
3043:
363:Humble Petition and Advice
346:, ushering in a period of
186:Major-General John Lambert
136:Humble Petition and Advice
18:
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1602:
1573:
1289:Acts of Parliament of the
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1268:
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629:
525:Tyacke, Nicholas (2001).
152:
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3022:Legal history of England
3017:Republicanism in England
1606:of the United Kingdom of
1292:Kingdom of Great Britain
637:List of English statutes
582:Instrument of Government
577:Instrument of Government
416:
359:Instrument of Government
334:on 15 December 1653 and
328:Instrument of Government
322:Adoption and replacement
292:English Council of State
270:Instrument of Government
198:Instrument of Government
174:Instrument of Government
31:Instrument of Government
1075:Interregnum (1642–1660)
239:On 4 January 1649, the
230:Agreement of the People
214:First English Civil War
3027:17th-century documents
1269:Parliament of Scotland
169:
2982:Defunct constitutions
2921:Secondary legislation
1576:Parliament of Ireland
668:Parliament of England
167:
157:Barebone's Parliament
2842:Acts of Senedd Cymru
2773:European Communities
642:Charter of Liberties
399:Provisions of Oxford
212:was defeated in the
19:For other uses, see
2747:Halsbury's Statutes
659:of states preceding
657:Acts of parliaments
489:Far, David (2006).
332:Council of Officers
330:was adopted by the
88:Date effective
3012:Political charters
2753:Legislation.gov.uk
1604:Acts of Parliament
406:Heads of Proposals
385:, and in 1620, at
248:later that month.
246:tried and executed
226:Heads of Proposals
224:had presented the
202:Heads of Proposals
170:
3002:English Civil War
2959:
2958:
2944:Acts of Adjournal
2915:
2914:
2907:1972–2009/2015–16
2880:Orders in Council
2796:Church of England
2790:
2789:
1284:
1283:
1151:Habeas Corpus Act
1062:Petition of Right
565:978-1-4344-7343-1
543:978-0-7190-5392-4
507:978-1-84383-235-5
493:, Boydell Press,
338:was installed as
162:
161:
120:First legislature
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2939:Acts of Sederunt
2899:Northern Ireland
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2767:relating to the
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280:was held by the
124:3 September 1654
92:16 December 1653
82:15 December 1653
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571:Further reading
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469:
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448:of 14 June 1647
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336:Oliver Cromwell
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623:UK legislation
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410:Putney Debates
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352:Major Generals
340:Lord Protector
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296:Privy Councils
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234:Putney Debates
222:New Model Army
210:King Charles I
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176:was the first
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41:Original title
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2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
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1968:
1965:
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1955:
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1003:
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985:
983:
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975:
973:
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968:
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948:
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928:
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918:
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905:
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895:
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890:
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868:
865:
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845:
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835:
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830:
828:
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823:
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815:
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795:
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788:
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783:
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773:
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768:
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763:
760:
758:
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748:
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743:
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738:
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733:
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728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
692:
691:Temp. incert.
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
672:
670:
666:
663:
658:
654:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
634:
632:
628:
624:
617:
612:
610:
605:
603:
598:
597:
594:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
574:
566:
562:
558:
557:1-4344-7343-0
554:
550:
546:
544:
540:
536:
535:0-7190-5392-7
532:
528:
524:
522:
521:0-313-28391-5
518:
514:
510:
508:
504:
500:
499:1-84383-235-6
496:
492:
488:
487:
477:
471:
465:
459:
457:
455:
447:
443:
437:
431:
425:
421:
411:
407:
403:
400:
397:
396:
390:
388:
384:
381:—in 1607, at
380:
376:
366:
364:
360:
355:
353:
349:
348:military rule
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
319:
316:
312:
308:
304:
297:
293:
289:
286:
283:
279:
276:
275:
274:
272:
271:
260:
258:
254:
249:
247:
242:
237:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
189:
187:
183:
179:
175:
166:
158:
155:
151:
148:
145:
141:
137:
133:
131:
127:
123:
121:
117:
113:
111:
107:
103:
101:
97:
91:
89:
85:
81:
77:
72:
69:
66:
64:
61:
58:
57:
55:
51:
43:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
2987:English laws
2888:1994 to date
2823:institutions
2782:1972 to date
2758:Short titles
2745:
1574:Acts of the
1073:
690:
548:
526:
512:
490:
474:Washington,
470:
445:
436:
424:
372:
358:
356:
327:
325:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
268:
266:
250:
238:
225:
206:Army Council
197:
195:
178:constitution
173:
171:
147:John Lambert
53:Jurisdiction
25:
2977:1653 in law
647:Magna Carta
192:Antecedence
2972:1653 works
2966:Categories
2771:(formerly
484:References
442:pp. 80, 81
263:Provisions
218:"Grandees"
153:Supersedes
1594:1751–1800
1589:1701–1750
1385:1760–1764
1380:1755–1759
1375:1750–1754
1370:1745–1749
1365:1740–1744
1360:1735–1739
1355:1730–1734
1350:1725–1729
1345:1720–1724
1340:1715–1719
717:1422–1460
712:1413–1421
707:1399–1411
702:1377–1397
697:1327–1376
685:1308–1325
680:1275–1307
675:1225–1267
383:Jamestown
375:colonised
188:in 1653.
143:Author(s)
110:Executive
79:Presented
2821:devolved
2798:measures
462:Fritze,
408:and the
393:See also
387:Plymouth
303:(XXIV).
130:Repealed
100:Chambers
63:Scotland
36:Overview
1584:to 1700
1276:to 1707
428:Tyacke
379:English
377:by the
350:by the
180:of the
67:Ireland
59:England
563:
555:
541:
533:
519:
505:
497:
476:p. 113
464:p. 228
444:. See
412:(1647)
401:(1258)
440:Farr
430:p. 69
417:Notes
2897:for
2863:List
2851:List
2844:and
2835:List
2805:List
2738:2024
2733:2023
2728:2022
2723:2021
2718:2020
2713:2019
2708:2018
2703:2017
2698:2016
2693:2015
2688:2014
2683:2013
2678:2012
2673:2011
2668:2010
2663:2009
2658:2008
2653:2007
2648:2006
2643:2005
2638:2004
2633:2003
2628:2002
2623:2001
2618:2000
2610:1999
2605:1998
2600:1997
2595:1996
2590:1995
2585:1994
2580:1993
2575:1992
2570:1991
2565:1990
2560:1989
2555:1988
2550:1987
2545:1986
2540:1985
2535:1984
2530:1983
2525:1982
2520:1981
2515:1980
2510:1979
2505:1978
2500:1977
2495:1976
2490:1975
2485:1974
2480:1973
2475:1972
2470:1971
2465:1970
2460:1969
2455:1968
2450:1967
2445:1966
2440:1965
2435:1964
2430:1963
2425:1962
2420:1961
2415:1960
2410:1959
2405:1958
2400:1957
2395:1956
2390:1955
2385:1954
2380:1953
2375:1952
2370:1951
2365:1950
2360:1949
2355:1948
2350:1947
2345:1946
2340:1945
2335:1944
2330:1943
2325:1942
2320:1941
2315:1940
2310:1939
2305:1938
2300:1937
2295:1936
2290:1935
2285:1934
2280:1933
2275:1932
2270:1931
2265:1930
2260:1929
2255:1928
2250:1927
2245:1926
2240:1925
2235:1924
2230:1923
2225:1922
2220:1921
2215:1920
2210:1919
2205:1918
2200:1917
2195:1916
2190:1915
2185:1914
2180:1913
2175:1912
2170:1911
2165:1910
2160:1909
2155:1908
2150:1907
2145:1906
2140:1905
2135:1904
2130:1903
2125:1902
2120:1901
2115:1900
2107:1899
2102:1898
2097:1897
2092:1896
2087:1895
2082:1894
2077:1893
2072:1892
2067:1891
2062:1890
2057:1889
2052:1888
2047:1887
2042:1886
2037:1885
2032:1884
2027:1883
2022:1882
2017:1881
2012:1880
2007:1879
2002:1878
1997:1877
1992:1876
1987:1875
1982:1874
1977:1873
1972:1872
1967:1871
1962:1870
1957:1869
1952:1868
1947:1867
1942:1866
1937:1865
1932:1864
1927:1863
1922:1862
1917:1861
1912:1860
1907:1859
1902:1858
1897:1857
1892:1856
1887:1855
1882:1854
1877:1853
1872:1852
1867:1851
1862:1850
1857:1849
1852:1848
1847:1847
1842:1846
1837:1845
1832:1844
1827:1843
1822:1842
1817:1841
1812:1840
1807:1839
1802:1838
1797:1837
1792:1836
1787:1835
1782:1834
1777:1833
1772:1832
1767:1831
1762:1830
1757:1829
1752:1828
1747:1827
1742:1826
1737:1825
1732:1824
1727:1823
1722:1822
1717:1821
1712:1820
1707:1819
1702:1818
1697:1817
1692:1816
1687:1815
1682:1814
1677:1813
1672:1812
1667:1811
1662:1810
1657:1809
1652:1808
1647:1807
1642:1806
1637:1805
1632:1804
1627:1803
1622:1802
1617:1801
1565:1800
1560:1799
1555:1798
1550:1797
1545:1796
1540:1795
1535:1794
1530:1793
1525:1792
1520:1791
1515:1790
1510:1789
1505:1788
1500:1787
1495:1786
1490:1785
1485:1784
1480:1783
1475:1782
1470:1781
1465:1780
1460:1779
1455:1778
1450:1777
1445:1776
1440:1775
1435:1774
1430:1773
1425:1772
1420:1771
1415:1770
1410:1769
1405:1768
1400:1767
1395:1766
1390:1765
1335:1714
1330:1713
1325:1712
1320:1711
1315:1710
1310:1709
1305:1708
1300:1707
1260:1706
1255:1705
1250:1704
1245:1703
1240:1702
1235:1701
1230:1700
1225:1698
1220:1697
1215:1696
1210:1695
1205:1694
1200:1693
1195:1692
1190:1691
1185:1690
1173:1689
1168:1688
1163:1685
1158:1680
1146:1679
1141:1678
1136:1677
1131:1675
1126:1672
1121:1670
1116:1667
1111:1666
1106:1665
1101:1664
1096:1663
1091:1662
1086:1661
1081:1660
1069:1640
1057:1627
1052:1625
1047:1623
1042:1620
1037:1609
1032:1606
1027:1605
1022:1603
1017:1601
1012:1597
1007:1592
1002:1588
997:1586
992:1584
987:1580
982:1575
977:1572
972:1571
967:1566
962:1562
957:1558
952:1557
947:1555
942:1554
937:1553
932:1551
927:1549
922:1548
917:1547
912:1546
907:1545
902:1543
897:1542
892:1541
887:1540
882:1539
877:1536
872:1535
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