1224:
1021:
2543:. For explanation of the distinction between national flags and monarchical badges or blazons of arms see Chapter I: "... a nation needs emblems and symbols to preserve traditions and inspire love of country. Of these symbols, the coat of arms and the flag are the chief." Charles Frederick Hamilton, Assistant Comptroller, R.C.M.P (1921) "The function of a flag is to send the simple message of identity. The function of arms is to dignify an individual, or institution, or country by special identifying symbolism and by appropriate reference to ancestry." John Ross Matheson,
558:
131:
1895:
4038:
1318:
4049:
4026:
2064:
For the first generation or so it would be an advantage, in view of our natural weakness, to have a ruler who linked us with a dominant
European power, and thereafter, when we were better prepared to stand alone, or when it might be undesirable that our ruler should turn by personal choice to one power rather than be guided by what was most natural and beneficial for our country, the ruler of that time would have become completely Irish.
32:
1990:. The kings successively and their advisers and governments in the United Kingdom were fully aware that the republican intent of the representatives of the Irish Free State was in marked contrast to the intent of the governments of certain other dominions, such as Canada. and such differences were manifested in this period in the design and use of flags and other national symbols for the Irish Free State and other dominions.
4059:
2547:(Boston G.K. Hall, 1980), p. 7. "Canada's flag serves to identify something Canadian. More specialized in its use, Canada's arms identify national authority and jurisdiction. Leaving aside strictly decorative uses of either, the flag is used wherever one wishes to make the simple statement: Canada or Canadian; the arms only where the authority of the nation is asserted." Alistair B. Fraser, 1998, op.cit.
328:
181:. In practice, conquered territory was divided amongst various Anglo-Norman noble families who assumed title over both the land and the people with the prior Irish inhabitants being either displaced or subjugated under the previously alien system of serfdom. Though the revolutionary change in the status quo was undeniable, the Anglo-Norman invaders would fail to conquer many of the
1609:
2420:, Ireland's only remaining link with the crown had been the accreditation of diplomats. The president of Ireland was the head of state. When opposition deputies asked de Valera whether Ireland was a republicâa favorite pastime in the mid-1940sâhe tended to resort to dictionary definitions showing that Ireland had all the attributes of a republic."
1498:, which provided that the monarch recognised by Britain and the rest of the Commonwealth could represent the Irish Free State "for the purposes of the appointment of diplomatic and consular representatives and the conclusion of international agreements" when authorised to do so by the Irish government. The following year, a new
420:
the ninth-century assumption of the title of "ri Erenn" was a first step towards the definition of a national kingship and a territorially-based Irish realm. Yet change only gained ground after the stranglehold of UĂ NĂ©ill power-structures was broken in the eleventh century. ... The renaming of
2466:
Ireland reluctantly remained a member of the
Commonwealth as Irish citizens remained British Subjects. However, Irish representatives stopped attending Commonwealth meetings in 1937 and Ireland adopted a position of neutrality in World War II. Ireland became a Republic in 1949 and formally left the
411:
has noted that "Annal evidence from the late eighth century in
Ireland suggests that the larger provincial kingships were already accruing power at the expense of smaller political units. Leading kings appear in public roles at church-state proclamations ... and at royal conferences with their
2063:
would flow from the head of the state downwards, for what was
English would be foreign to the head of the state. He would naturally turn to those who were more Irish and Gaelic, as to his friends, for the non-nationalist element in our country had shown themselves to be so bitterly anti-German ...
1435:
proposed that, as a result of the establishment of the Irish Free State, the title of the king should be changed to 'George V, by the Grace of God, of Great
Britain, Ireland, and the British Dominions beyond the seas King, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India.'" The change did not mean that the
435:
and his successors were purely personal, and open to destruction upon their deaths. Between 846 and 1022, and again from 1042 to 1166, kings from the leading Irish kingdoms made greater attempts to compel the rest of the island's populace to their rule, with varying degrees of success, until the
1298:
and realising the local population were devoutly
Catholic (a significant number of Irish priests supported the Rising and had met with Humbert, although Humbert's Army had been veterans of the anti-clerical campaign in Italy). The French Directory hoped this option would allow the creation of a
2784:
1421:
had left the United
Kingdom. The Act therefore provided that "Parliament shall hereafter be known as and styled the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland " and "In every Act passed and public document issued after the passing of this Act the expression 'United
675:, led by one of RuaidrĂ's sons, Prince Muirchertach. They were expelled, RuaidhrĂ ordering the blinding of Muirchertach, but over the next six years his rule was increasingly diminished by internal dynastic conflict and external attacks. Finally, in 1183, he abdicated.
2035:. While they were not in favour of a monarchy in itself, Pearse and Plunkett thought that if the uprising were successful and Germany won the First World War, they would insist on an independent Ireland being a monarchy with a German prince as king, in the same way as
2101:. During the party's 1917 Ard Fheis, disputes between monarchists and republicans resulted in an agreement that the question of a republic versus a monarchy would be settled by public referendum after independence was achieved provided that no member of the
583:
without opposition. He was arguably the first undisputed full king of
Ireland. He was also the last Gaelic one, as the events of the Norman invasion of 1169â1171 brought about the destruction of the high-kingship, and the direct involvement of the
1050:, had been considered for elevation as the newly created King of Ireland. However, Henry VIII's counsellors feared that creating a separate Kingdom of Ireland, with a ruler other than that of England, would create another threat like the
1204:. The effect was to create a personal union between the Crown of Ireland and the British Crown, instead of the English Crown. Later, from 1 January 1801, an additional merger took place between the two Kingdoms. By the terms of the
639:
RuaidrĂ at first remained aloof from engagement with King Henry, though many of the lesser kings and lords welcomed his arrival as they wished to see him curb the territorial gains made by his vassals. Through the intercession of
1409:" and, from 1927 to 1937: "By the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas King, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India". The change in the King's title was effected under an Act of the
1216:. Following the separation of most of Ireland from that kingdom in 1922, the remaining constituent parts were renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in 1927, five years after the establishment of the
279:
Gaelic
Ireland consisted of as few as five and as many as nine Primary kingdoms (CĂșicide/CĂłicide 'fifths') which were often subdivided into many minor smaller kingdoms (Tuatha, 'folkdoms'). The primary kingdoms were
1451:
Despite a lack of change in his title, George V's position as king of that country became separated from his place as King of the United
Kingdom (as occurred with all the other British Dominions at the time). The
1588:, which remains a part of the sovereign state that is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. From 1921 until 1973, the British monarch was officially represented in Northern Ireland by the
720:
as a Lordship when John was just ten years old in 1177. When John succeeded to the English throne in 1199, he remained Lord of Ireland thereby bringing the kingdom of England and the lordship of Ireland into
1522:, which came into force in April 1949 and declared the state to be a republic. The External Relations Act was repealed, removing the remaining duties of the monarch, and Ireland formally withdrew from the
667:
Henry was unwilling or unable to enforce the terms of the treaty on his barons in Ireland, who continued to gain territory in Ireland. A low point came in 1177 with a successful raid into the heart of
335:
The names of Connacht, Ulster, Leinster and Munster are still in use, now applied to the four modern provinces of Ireland. The following is a list of the main Irish kingdoms and their kings:
2158:
1076:
The title of King of Ireland was created after Henry VIII had been excommunicated in 1538, so it was not recognised by European Catholic monarchs. Following the accession of the Catholic
678:
He was twice briefly returned to power in 1185 and 1189, but even within his home kingdom of Connacht he had become politically marginalized. He lived quietly on his estates, died at the
1577:, confirmed that De Valera did offer Donough O'Brien the title of Prince-President of the Irish Republic, but this was turned down and so a President of Ireland was instituted instead.
316:. Until the end of Gaelic Ireland they continued to fluctuate, expand and contract in size, as well as dissolving entirely or being amalgamated into new entities. The role of
1223:
2523:
2526:(prime minister) from 1922 to 1932. It was recorded that the distinct characteristics and histories of each was recognised by the parties attending the Conference,
1535:
744:(a fortified area around the city of Dublin) with the rest of the island under the control of independent Gaelic-Irish or rebel Cambro-Norman noble families. King
5595:
652:
in 1175. RuaidrĂ agreed to recognise Henry as his lord; in return, RuaidrĂ was allowed to keep all Ireland as his personal kingdom outside the petty kingdoms of
3201:
725:. By the mid-13th century, while the island was nominally ruled by the king of England, from c.1260 the effective area of control began to recede. As various
1971:, and its constitutional successor from December 1936 to April 1949, was the same as elsewhere in the British Commonwealth, but it was unclear whether the
256:
1178:
voted to restore the monarchy, and in 1660 King Charles II returned from exile in France to become King of England, King of Scotland and King of Ireland.
733:
began to reclaim lost territory. Successive English kings did little to stem the tide, instead using Ireland to draw upon men and supplies in the wars in
1457:
2657:
1020:
3031:
2413:
1495:
1065:
between the English and Irish crowns, providing that whoever was King of England was to be King of Ireland as well, and so its first holder was King
5696:
185:, which continued to exist, often expanding for centuries after, however none could make any viable claims of High Kingship. This lasted until the
755:
For the duration of the 15th century, royal power in Ireland was weak, the country being dominated by the various clans and dynasties of Gaelic (
748:
made two journeys to Ireland during his reign to rectify the situation; as a direct result of his second visit in 1399 he lost his throne to
1235:
suggested to United Irishmen making him King of the Irish in 1798 but were rebuffed. Many Irishmen were Jacobites in the early 18th century.
4643:
4471:
4386:
4125:
3289:
3176:
3099:
1043:
3453:
3435:
1845:
1351:
1213:
229:
628:
benefactors in May 1169 did RuaidrĂ's position begin to weaken. A series of disastrous defeats and ill-judged treaties lost him much of
201:
which ended Gaelic political independence from the English monarch who now held the crowns of England and Ireland in a personal union.
1987:
1767:
3142:
Kings, the kingship of Leinster and the regnal poems of "laidshenchas Laigen:a reflection of dynastic politics in leinster, 650â1150
2785:"The Principality of Thomond and His Royal Highness Raymond Moulton SeĂĄghan O'Brien, 1936â1963; Ireland's Greatest Diplomatic Farce"
4540:
4052:
3463:
1570:
1491:
1414:
1397:
The King's title in the Irish Free State was exactly the same as it was elsewhere in the British Empire, being from 1922 to 1927: "
1391:
956:
96:
4858:
68:
4130:
3473:
1574:
1266:
and thus, unlike Scotland, was not the ground for legitimist-royalist risings in the 18th century, turning instead, mostly to
4910:
4465:
2148:
1976:
1934:
1511:
1473:
449:
432:
4875:
2008:, envisioned the Ireland of 2006 as an independent Irish-speaking kingdom with an "Ard RĂ" or "High King" as head of state.
1151:
to crush the Irish royalists, temporarily uniting England, Scotland, and Ireland under one government, and styling himself "
5691:
4095:
4062:
1487:
75:
49:
5363:
3468:
974:
421:
a kingship ... engendered a new self-perception which shaped the future definition of a kingdom and of its subjects.
255:, the Free State legally retained the same person as monarch as the United Kingdom-which in 1927 changed its name to the
603:, a recognised prerogative of the High Kings, and made a number of notable charitable gifts and donations. However, his
263:
that removed all mention of the monarchy. In April 1949, the former Free State, which covered most of Ireland, declared
5368:
3733:
3322:
3317:
2493:
2140:, plotted to overthrow the Irish Free State and establish an independent Irish Catholic monarchy under a member of the
1453:
1335:
866:
4633:
2850:
2831:
2459:
1490:
by eliminating all but one of the King's official duties. This was achieved with the enactment on 11 December of the
1417:, intended to update the name of the United Kingdom as well as the King's title to reflect the fact that most of the
819:
Henry III granted Ireland to his son, Edward I, in 1254 on condition that it would never be separated from the Crown.
115:
82:
20:
5178:
3805:
3282:
2137:
1440:
in the different parts of his Empire. That development did not formally occur until 1953, four years after the new
1410:
1312:
713:
166:
147:
4576:
4120:
3800:
3745:
3410:
2596:
2295:"Black v Chrétien: Suing a Minister of the Crown for Abuse of Power, Misfeasance in Public Office and Negligence"
2122:
2052:
1697:
1158:
960:
886:
2429:
2324:
64:
5155:
4658:
2363:
2188:
1983:
1581:
1437:
53:
491:
4992:
1898:
The royal arms of Ireland â Badge of Ireland, used during the period of the Kingdom of Ireland on coins, etc.
1479:
1239:
During the early 18th century, a significant number of Irishmen who had fled Ireland in the aftermath of the
509:
5701:
5646:
4628:
4616:
4135:
3983:
3820:
3737:
3705:
3385:
2433:
1782:
1762:
The position of King of Ireland was contested by William III and James II between 1689 and 1691, after the
1589:
1519:
5509:
5423:
5318:
5233:
5150:
4648:
4520:
4375:
3741:
3275:
2210:
2094:
1460:) was confident that the relationship of these independent countries under the Crown would function as a
2060:
2047:
was also considered an advantage, as he might be more disposed to learning and promoting the use of the
1401:, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas King,
599:. RuaidrĂ then obtained terms and hostages from all the notable kings and lords. He then celebrated the
5656:
5571:
5160:
5058:
3999:
3830:
3761:
3405:
3129:
2154:
1819:
1685:
1287:
1263:
1100:
1047:
730:
568:
539:
182:
5348:
216:. The personal union between England and Scotland became a political union with the enactments of the
5626:
5313:
5248:
5238:
5223:
4558:
4505:
4415:
3991:
3458:
3420:
3414:
3350:
3312:
2224:
2110:
2032:
1813:
1775:
1625:
1531:
1058:
998:
858:
533:
198:
5448:
2539:. For the chronology of Canadian flags from 1870, at the time of the Irish republican movement, see
1731:
was effected in 1660 without major opposition, Charles II being declared king on 14 May 1660 by the
224:. The crowns of Great Britain and Ireland remained in personal union until it was also ended by the
5706:
5068:
5048:
5013:
4966:
4920:
4272:
4088:
3724:
3424:
2519:
2129:
1801:
1713:
1251:
1197:
1187:
788:
221:
3548:
3028:
From Kings to Warlords:The Changing Political Structure of Gaelic Ireland in the Later Middle Ages
561:
545:
4946:
4638:
4621:
4611:
4586:
4430:
4156:
3919:
3751:
3430:
3395:
2417:
1841:
1732:
1689:
1499:
1467:
1445:
1422:
Kingdom' shall, unless the context otherwise requires, mean Great Britain and Northern Ireland."
1383:
1295:
1140:
1112:
1096:" in 1555, recognising them as Queen and King of Ireland together with her heirs and successors.
268:
260:
89:
42:
2897:
2355:
2349:
271:; this left Northern Ireland as the only part of the island that retained a monarchical system.
5666:
5581:
5428:
5140:
5073:
4941:
4890:
4822:
4722:
4712:
4510:
4445:
4252:
4181:
3968:
3785:
3780:
3718:
3478:
3400:
3375:
3365:
3089:
3004:
A New History of Ireland vol. ix:maps, genealogies, lists:a companion to Irish history part II.
2579:
2574:
1986:
in the 20th century took into account the emergence of independence for the dominions from the
1751:
1701:
1255:
940:
649:
521:
3612:
3146:
Seanchas:Studies in Early and Medieval Irish Archaeology, History and Literature in Honour of
2771:
2743:
2715:
2645:
2615:
2600:
2508:
1518:, or the President, was left unclear. This ambiguity was eliminated with the enactment of the
5651:
5631:
5611:
5474:
5438:
5393:
5338:
5130:
5125:
4900:
4847:
4672:
4581:
4550:
4490:
4440:
4222:
4212:
4030:
3952:
3770:
3710:
3360:
2630:
2627:
The Irish Factor, 1899â1919: Ireland's Strategic and Diplomatic Importance for Foreign Powers
2451:
2282:
1739:
1728:
1709:
1705:
1283:
1228:
1171:
1128:
1124:
1108:
1029:
994:
964:
880:
874:
830:
794:
745:
717:
596:
515:
437:
186:
4802:
2205:(2011). "Last Will and Testament of Dowager Queen Katherine Parr". In Mueller, Janel (ed.).
2161:, of which O'Brien was the leader, wanted to reestablish the monarchy with O'Brien as king.
2151:, de Valera raised the idea of an Irish monarchy with his great-grandfather Juan O'Donnell.
641:
345:
5636:
5555:
5519:
5469:
5328:
5253:
5038:
4915:
4707:
4482:
4460:
4455:
4420:
4362:
3910:
3774:
3714:
3493:
3483:
3379:
3250:
2561:
2004:
1972:
1677:
1566:
1523:
1507:
1371:
1104:
946:
928:
916:
862:
844:
826:
813:
645:
527:
403:
317:
162:
2507:
Proclamation altering the Style and Titles appertaining to the Crown, London, 13 May 1927.
8:
5661:
5606:
5443:
5433:
5418:
5408:
5373:
5218:
5188:
5135:
4852:
4606:
4601:
4500:
4495:
4262:
4217:
4176:
4081:
3960:
3815:
3810:
3790:
3620:
3572:
3389:
3340:
2921:
2040:
2020:
1797:
1771:
1763:
1745:
1693:
1441:
1432:
1398:
1355:
1347:
1120:
1093:
1033:
977:("Richard IV") and gained some Irish support before a failed invasion of England in 1495.
934:
922:
910:
898:
838:
709:
703:
633:
618:
503:
264:
213:
205:
194:
2540:
2294:
485:
5560:
5383:
5378:
5343:
5323:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5263:
5258:
5203:
5110:
4956:
4827:
4717:
4697:
4653:
4596:
4591:
4568:
4535:
4525:
4515:
4397:
3975:
3881:
3756:
3604:
3498:
3370:
3355:
3298:
3205:
3147:
2955:
2403:
2382:"The Irish Free State/Ăire/Republic of Ireland/Ireland: "A Country by Any Other Name"?"
2225:"The papal bull "ILIUS" of 1555 conferring the title of King of Ireland upon Philip II"
2141:
2114:
2083:
was among the attendees. Blythe himself said he found the idea "immensely attractive".
2036:
1833:
1805:
1793:
1789:
1755:
1648:
1240:
1209:
1205:
1193:
1081:
1073:, was the first Queen consort of Ireland following her marriage to King Henry in 1543.
1037:
1015:
904:
772:
760:
756:
320:
was primarily titular and rarely (if ever) absolute. Gaelic Ireland was not ruled as a
225:
217:
135:
2642:
Abject Loyalty: Nationalism and Monarchy in Ireland During the Reign of Queen Victoria
2118:
1546:
1483:
5586:
5576:
5539:
5413:
5398:
5273:
5243:
5213:
5208:
5183:
5120:
5115:
5105:
4976:
4925:
4812:
4807:
4530:
4166:
4151:
3874:
3766:
3236:
3217:
3151:
2863:
2846:
2827:
2489:
2455:
2359:
1657:; the Spanish king (Mary's husband)'s title as King of Ireland was reinforced by the
1642:
1608:
1418:
1136:
1077:
764:
749:
357:
351:
1526:. The position of the king in the Irish state was finally and formally ended by the
822:
687:
5602:
5566:
5484:
5308:
5078:
5023:
4986:
4961:
4951:
4885:
4837:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4737:
4732:
4425:
4171:
3936:
3636:
3556:
3232:
3107:
3075:
2935:
2393:
2102:
2076:
2072:
2044:
1960:
1948:
1944:
1907:
1724:
1658:
1585:
1550:
1406:
1379:
1359:
1275:
1259:
1232:
1217:
1163:
1051:
854:
585:
572:
479:
381:
375:
369:
240:
236:
151:
3058:
Kingship, society and sacrality:rank, power and ideology in early medieval Ireland
1303:, the Protestant republican leader, scoffed at the suggestion and it was quashed.
467:
455:
408:
5479:
5228:
5198:
5193:
5053:
5043:
5008:
4998:
4981:
4817:
4772:
4687:
4405:
4380:
4227:
3928:
2683:
2090:
2024:
1837:
1720:
1558:
1542:
1271:
1247:
1144:
1132:
1116:
990:
890:
805:
801:
657:
387:
339:
178:
557:
416:("king of all Ireland") by Mael Sechlainn I in 862, she furthermore states that
235:
In December 1922, most of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom, becoming the
5621:
5403:
5388:
5353:
5093:
5088:
4971:
4905:
4777:
4435:
4410:
4315:
4232:
4186:
4042:
3902:
3866:
3684:
3345:
2536:
2202:
2133:
2106:
2048:
1999:
1968:
1915:
1870:
1717:
1704:) took place between 1639 and 1653. Charles I was executed in 1649 and his son
1671:
1636:
1554:
1461:
1402:
1367:
1321:
1152:
1070:
1062:
970:
952:
776:
768:
722:
252:
209:
155:
3652:
2486:
Voices from the Great Houses of Ireland: Life in the Big House: Cork and Kerry
2407:
1468:
Abdication crisis, President of Ireland and Republic of Ireland Act, 1936â1949
1306:
130:
5685:
5268:
5033:
5028:
4450:
4308:
4267:
4247:
2909:
2098:
2080:
2068:
2059:
That would have certain advantages for us. It would mean that a movement for
2012:
1387:
1267:
1201:
1167:
726:
691:
672:
625:
610:
473:
363:
321:
4797:
1770:
made William King of Ireland, and this was reinforced by his victory at the
5358:
4880:
4842:
4742:
4325:
3825:
3676:
3628:
3588:
3209:
3164:
3096:
Kings over overkings. Propaganda for pre-eminence in early medieval Ireland
2942:
RĂ Ăirenn, RĂ Alban, kingship and identity in the night and tenth centuries
1613:
1494:, which removed the monarch from the constitution and, on 12 December, the
1329:
1131:, and signed a formal treaty with Charles I in 1648. However, in 1649, the
1085:
850:
683:
636:
in 1171, RuaidrĂ's position as king of Ireland was increasingly untenable.
3580:
2086:
752:. This was the last time that a medieval king of England visited Ireland.
285:
5590:
5099:
4895:
4787:
4782:
4702:
4293:
4277:
3894:
3886:
3729:
3540:
1921:
1665:
1653:
1553:, that Ireland should have its own king again, as it was in the times of
1291:
1274:. However, despite their general anti-clericalism and republicanism, the
1175:
632:, and encouraged uprisings by rebel lords. By the time of the arrival of
461:
1894:
1317:
865:
during a failed rebellion of 1315â1318, which formed part of the larger
5145:
5083:
5002:
4242:
4207:
4007:
3850:
3795:
3668:
3644:
3564:
3488:
2556:
1876:
1864:
1852:
1825:
1621:
1562:
1527:
1506:, or "Ireland" in the English language, and establishing the office of
1300:
1279:
1244:
1089:
1066:
989:
The title of Lord of Ireland was abolished by Henry VIII, who was made
982:
679:
497:
190:
2843:
Poetry and Jacobite Politics in Eighteenth-Century Britain and Ireland
2448:
Citizenship in a Global World: Comparing Citizenship Rights for Aliens
1390:. The monarch was officially represented in the new Free State by the
1370:. Six of Ireland's north-eastern counties, all within the nine-county
412:
peers." (2000, p. 62). Responding to the assumption of the title
146:
from ancient times. This continued in all of Ireland until 1949, when
5504:
5494:
5063:
4370:
4257:
3858:
3660:
3267:
3244:
3021:
2914:, Francis John Byrne, O'Donnell Lecture, 1969; published Dublin, 1970
1928:
1858:
1630:
1515:
1427:
1148:
661:
3532:
2279:
The Irish Law Times and Solicitor's Journal: Public general statutes
31:
5641:
5524:
5514:
5333:
4832:
4104:
3261:
A New History of Ireland, Volume One:Pre-Historic and Early Ireland
2398:
2381:
1964:
1911:
1903:
1882:
1363:
1325:
741:
734:
668:
629:
592:
293:
289:
248:
174:
5534:
5489:
5464:
5018:
4727:
4345:
4298:
4237:
4161:
4115:
3596:
3516:
2987:
2658:"Inside the GPO in 1916: Desmond FitzGerald's eyewitness account"
2028:
1343:
1286:, as Henry IX, King of the Irish. This was on account of General
394:
309:
305:
301:
143:
2712:
A New History of Ireland: Ireland under the Union, II, 1870â1921
2351:
Republicans and Imperialists: Anglo-Irish Relations in the 1930s
1918:
and subsequently, in 1931, a legislatively independent country.)
1503:
694:
king was ever again recognised as king or high king of Ireland.
150:
removed most of Ireland's residual ties to the British monarch.
5616:
5529:
4792:
4692:
4335:
4191:
3524:
3007:
2959:
2881:
2016:
1889:
1375:
653:
614:
576:
313:
281:
244:
3106:, ed. M. Gosman, A. Vanderjagt, J. Veenstra, pp. 163â76,
4073:
1712:
began with England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales ruled by the
1127:, as legitimate monarchs, in opposition to the claims of the
605:
327:
1212:
merged with the Kingdom of Great Britain, thus creating the
5499:
4340:
4330:
4320:
4303:
3160:
2728:
The Resurrection of Ireland: The Sinn FĂ©in Party, 1916â1923
1708:
was recognised by some Irish lords as King of Ireland. The
1307:
Partition: Irish Free State and Northern Ireland, 1922â1936
804:
and established the precedent that that Lord would also be
297:
170:
1624:(1542â1547); Lord of Ireland, 1509â1542; made king by the
3115:
2265:
2263:
1278:
did suggest to the United Irishmen in 1798 restoring the
1028:
The title "King of Ireland" was created by an act of the
3018:
Power and Politics in Early Medieval Britain and Ireland
1536:
Statute Law Revision (Pre-Union Irish Statutes) Act 1962
1510:. The King's role in Ireland was ambiguous. Whether the
591:
One of RuaidrĂ's first acts as king was the subduing of
1170:
republic, but he was not competent to maintain it. The
1139:, executed Charles I, and made England a republic, or "
1111:
in May 1660, there was no 'King of Ireland'. After the
1024:
Henry VIII claimed the title "King of Ireland" in 1542.
19:"Queen of Ireland" redirects here. For other uses, see
2612:
Irish nationalism: a history of its roots and ideology
2260:
2250:
2248:
2246:
1181:
2629:, JĂ©rĂŽme aan De Wiel, Irish Academic Press, 2008, p.
2231:
1954:
1840:
on 1 January 1801, was instituted in response to the
1502:
was ratified, changing the name of the Free State to
1196:
merged the kingdoms of England and Scotland into the
829:
from 1258 to 1260, until his defeat and death in the
3020:, pp. 47â68, ed. S.T. Driscoll and M.R. Nieke,
2980:
Nationality and the pursuit of national independence
2714:, William Edward Vaughan, Clarendon Press, 1976, p.
2125:
in order to grant himself equal status to George V.
740:
By the 1390s the Lordship had effectively shrunk to
686:. With the possible exception of the short reign of
609:
remained in his home territory in central Connacht (
257:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
158:, remains under a monarchical system of government.
2329:. Dublin: Irish Statute Book. 12 December 1936. 3.2
2243:
2071:recalls that in January 1915 he heard Plunkett and
2027:, contemplated giving the throne of an independent
1099:For a brief period in the 17th century, during the
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3243:Kings named in "Baile Chuinn Chechathaig" and the
2326:Executive Authority (External Relations) Act, 1936
1545:), his father John George Oulton had suggested to
716:and given the part of it he controlled to his son
443:
228:, which united Ireland and Great Britain into the
142:Monarchical systems of government have existed in
2207:Katherine Parr: Complete Works and Correspondence
1569:: the most senior representative at the time was
1250:pretenders as Kings of Ireland (particularly the
697:
5683:
2994:The Irish royal sites in history and archaeology
2824:Christianity and Revolutionary Europe, 1750â1830
1458:His Majesty's Government in the Irish Free State
1299:stable French client state in Ireland, however,
1004:
2157:, the self-styled "Prince of Thomond", and the
2079:meeting. No objections were made by anyone and
169:(1169â1171) in which the island was declared a
3048:High Kingship and Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus
3006:, edited T.W. Moody, F.X. Martin, F.J. Byrne,
2976:Nationality and kingship in pre-Norman Ireland
2742:, Geoffrey Elborn, Raven Arts Press, 1990, p.
2710:The new nationalism, 1916â18, F S L Lyons, in
1595:
782:
729:noble families died out in the male line, the
4089:
3283:
3253:and Paul Byrne, in op.cit., pp. 159â224.
3118:to Hugh O'Connor (King of Connacht 1293â1309)
3104:The Propagation of Power in the Medieval West
2948:, pp. 62â72, ed. S. Taylor, Dublin, 2000
1478:The constitutional crisis resulting from the
708:By the time of RuaidrĂ's reign in 1171, King
3183:Leinster states and kings in Christian times
3169:, T.M. Charles-Edwards, pp. 137â145, op.cit.
2894:The heir-designate in early medieval Ireland
2700:. Dublin: The O'Brien Press. pp. 32â33.
2483:
2379:
2299:Murdoch University Electronic Journal of Law
1890:Monarchs of the Irish Free State and Ireland
247:, remained part of the United Kingdom. As a
3208:, and the mystery of the second nunnery at
3195:Irish Leaders and Learning Through the Ages
2782:
2128:In the 1930s, an organisation known as the
1846:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
1584:, specifically, continued and continues in
1352:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
1214:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
1162:). After Cromwell's death in 1658, his son
648:, RuaidrĂ and Henry came to terms with the
595:, which resulted in the exile of its king,
552:
230:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
4096:
4082:
3290:
3276:
1993:
1324:, Dublin, decorated for the visit of King
893:in 1386, but forfeited his titles in 1388.
16:Historical method of government in Ireland
2522:included W. T. Cosgrave, then serving as
2397:
1988:Imperial Parliament of the United Kingdom
1931:(1936â1949), whose status was diminished
1768:Crown and Parliament Recognition Act 1689
1486:'s government as a catalyst to amend the
1069:of England. Henry's sixth and last wife,
1036:, which had existed since 1171, with the
963:on 24 May 1487. His claim ended with the
189:conferred the crown of Ireland upon King
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
3464:Counties of Meath and Westmeath Act 1543
2946:Kings clerics and chronicles in Scotland
2593:Memoirs of Desmond FitzGerald, 1913â1916
1893:
1607:
1415:Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act, 1927
1392:Governor-General of the Irish Free State
1378:, remained within the United Kingdom as
1346:(twenty-six of the country's thirty-two
1316:
1222:
1123:, still recognised Charles I, and later
1019:
957:Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick
556:
378:(4th century to 1138 or 1194 (claimant))
326:
129:
5697:Ireland and the Commonwealth of Nations
3214:Regions and Rulers in Ireland 1100â1650
3014:The archaeology of early Irish kingship
2918:Irish regnal succession â a reappraisal
2840:
2644:, James H. Murphy, CUA Press, 2001, p.
2347:
2237:
2182:
1977:Head of state of Ireland (1936 to 1949)
1557:. He suggested to him, a member of the
1334:Within a decade it was the seat of the
1009:
690:(Brian O'Neill) in 1258â1260, no other
624:Only with the arrival of MacMurrough's
5684:
4131:List of current non-sovereign monarchs
3474:Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652
3297:
2695:
2097:which sought to create an Anglo-Irish
2093:as a monarchist party inspired by the
2043:. The fact that Joachim did not speak
1600:
1561:, descended in the paternal line from
1541:According to Desmond Oulton (owner of
1382:. As a Dominion, the Free State was a
1103:from the impeachment and execution of
959:, and was crowned "King Edward VI" in
239:; at the same time, the newly created
4361:
4077:
3271:
2821:
2545:Canada's Flag: A Search for a Country
2479:
2477:
2475:
2445:
2254:
1935:Irish head of state from 1922 to 1949
1571:Donough O'Brien, 16th Baron Inchiquin
1474:Irish head of state from 1922 to 1949
1270:as dissention with the ascent of the
1044:The 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset
2698:Sinn FĂ©in: a Hundred Turbulent Years
2599:; Routledge & K. Paul, 1968, p.
2201:
2105:could become king. As a result, the
1947:, only the part of Ireland known as
1573:. Oulton said that Donough's nephew
1488:Constitution of the Irish Free State
1046:, Henry VIII's illegitimate son and
259:. In 1937, the Free State adopted a
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
4058:
3469:Settlement of Laois and Offaly 1556
3173:Early Irish Kingship and Succession
2880:, pp. 406â444, ed. John Ryan,
2770:, Tim Pat Coogan, Random House, p.
2614:, SeĂĄn Cronin, Continuum, 1981, p.
2075:express support for the idea at an
1575:Conor O'Brien, 18th Baron Inchiquin
1492:Constitution (Amendment No. 27) Act
1182:Union with Great Britain, 1707â1922
975:Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York
833:(also known as the Battle of Down).
13:
4126:List of current sovereign monarchs
3229:The Kingship and Landscape of Tara
3187:The Ua Maelechlainn kings of Meath
3038:The King as Judge in early Ireland
2874:The UĂ Brian Kingship in Telach Oc
2756:Francis Stuart: Artist and Outcast
2575:Patrick Pearse Predicts the Future
2524:President of the Executive Council
2518:Heads of government attending the
2472:
2159:United Christian Nationalist Party
2149:Hugo O'Donnell, 7th Duke of Tetuan
1963:, when it became a self-governing
1955:King's title, George V â George VI
1454:Government of the Irish Free State
1336:Oireachtas of the Irish Free State
1166:emerged as the leader of this pan-
431:Nevertheless, the achievements of
274:
14:
5718:
3163:, s.a. 750; high-kings, kings of
2888:Early Irish History and Mythology
2860:Synchronismen der irischen Konige
2792:North Munster Antiquarian Journal
2354:. Yale University Press. p.
1262:. However, Ireland was host to a
1243:continued to remain loyal to the
853:, Earl of Carrick and brother of
613:). Ireland's recognised capital,
21:Queen of Ireland (disambiguation)
4644:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
4057:
4048:
4047:
4036:
4024:
3216:, ed. David Edwards, pp. 20â26,
2912:and the high-kingship of Ireland
2109:had no head of state during the
1411:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1386:with the British monarch as its
1342:In early December 1922, most of
1313:Monarchy in the Irish Free State
867:war between England and Scotland
621:, who had submitted to Ruaidri.
450:MĂĄel Sechnaill mac MĂĄele Ruanaid
360:(634 to 1603 or 1632 (de facto))
167:Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland
30:
4121:Imperial, royal and noble ranks
3411:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
2776:
2761:
2748:
2733:
2720:
2704:
2689:
2676:
2650:
2635:
2620:
2605:
2586:
2568:
2550:
2535:See Alistair B. Fraser (1998).
2529:
2512:
2501:
2450:. Hampshire: Palgrave. p.
2439:
2423:
2372:
2341:
2123:President of the Irish Republic
1698:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
1436:king had now assumed different
1200:, under the sovereignty of the
1159:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
1143:". The Parliamentarian general
961:Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin
444:High Kings of Ireland, 800â1198
41:needs additional citations for
4103:
3323:History of Ireland (1691â1800)
3318:History of Ireland (1536â1691)
3259:, Maire-Therese Flannagan, in
3197:, ed. Nollaig O Muraile, 2003.
3193:, pp. 177â194, Paul Walsh, in
2878:Feil-Sgrighinn Eoin Mhic Neill
2845:. Cambridge University Press.
2826:. Cambridge University Press.
2412:: "After the enactment of the
2317:
2287:
2272:
2217:
2195:
2189:University of California Press
2176:
2023:leaders, including Pearse and
1480:abdication of King Edward VIII
698:Lordship of Ireland: 1171â1542
1:
2932:Gaelic and Gaelicised Ireland
2488:, Mercier Press, p. 21,
2380:Mary E. Daly (January 2007).
2164:
1951:remained part of a monarchy.
1482:in December 1936 was used by
1054:, and Richmond died in 1536.
1005:Kingdom of Ireland, 1542â1800
4136:List of monarchy referendums
3706:Dublin Castle administration
3138:12 (1998), pp. 351â358.
3124:49â50, 1997, pp. 26â62.
2966:Dal Cais, church and dynasty
2783:Aan de Wiel, JĂ©rĂŽme (2007).
2583:, Bryan Fanning, 20 May 2013
2434:Republic of Ireland Act 1948
2185:English Monarchs: Henry VIII
2169:
1590:Governor of Northern Ireland
1520:Republic of Ireland Act 1948
1264:large military establishment
1080:in 1553 and her marriage to
398:: High Kings with opposition
7:
5692:History of Northern Ireland
3191:Christian kings of Connacht
3054:30 (1994), pp. 165â68.
2841:Pittock, Murray GH (2006).
2768:Ireland in the 20th Century
2414:1936 External Relations Act
2211:University of Chicago Press
2095:Austro-Hungarian Compromise
2089:was established in 1905 by
2002:, writing in the newspaper
1596:List of monarchs of Ireland
783:Lords of Ireland, 1177â1542
492:MĂĄel Sechnaill mac Domnaill
165:effectively ended with the
148:the Republic of Ireland Act
10:
5723:
3406:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
3257:High-Kings with Opposition
3130:Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair
3064:49 (1994), pp. 45â47.
3044:13 (1987), pp. 39â72.
2978:, Donnchadh O Corrain, in
2952:Irish Kings and High Kings
2904:3 (1968), pp. 326â29.
2814:
2386:Journal of British Studies
1808:remained a separate state.
1686:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
1471:
1310:
1288:Jean Joseph Amable Humbert
1185:
1101:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
1048:Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
1013:
786:
701:
682:in 1198 and was buried at
569:Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn
540:Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn
401:
183:Gaelic kingdoms of Ireland
177:under the Lordship of the
18:
5548:
5457:
5171:
4934:
4868:
4680:
4671:
4567:
4549:
4481:
4396:
4354:
4286:
4200:
4144:
4111:
4031:British Empire portal
4019:
3839:
3696:
3507:
3459:Crown of Ireland Act 1542
3444:
3351:Tudor conquest of Ireland
3331:
3313:Timeline of Irish history
3305:
3225:Kingship in Early Ireland
3134:, Elizabeth FitzPatrick,
2870:19, 1933, pp. 81â99.
2348:McMahon, Deirdre (1984).
2132:, whose members included
2111:Irish War of Independence
2033:Prince Joachim of Prussia
1776:Williamite War in Ireland
1626:Crown of Ireland Act 1542
1616:depicting Philip and Mary
1532:Crown of Ireland Act 1542
1155:" of the three kingdoms (
1059:Crown of Ireland Act 1542
999:Crown of Ireland Act 1542
579:where he was inaugurated
534:Toirdelbach Ua Conchobair
440:(Rory O'Connor) in 1166,
199:Tudor conquest of Ireland
4273:Self-proclaimed monarchy
3725:Privy Council of Ireland
3016:, Richard B. Warner, in
2968:, Donnachadh O Corrain,
2928:11, 1971, pp. 7â39.
2520:1926 Imperial Conference
2281:, J. Falconer, 1929, p.
2130:Irish Monarchist Society
1979:or the king, George VI.
1959:The king's title in the
1910:became a self-governing
1802:Kingdom of Great Britain
1723:(1649â1658) and his son
1198:Kingdom of Great Britain
1188:List of British monarchs
789:List of English monarchs
644:(Laurence O'Toole), the
571:in early 1166, RuaidrĂ,
553:RuaidrĂ, King of Ireland
510:Diarmait mac MĂĄel na mBĂł
494:, 979â1002 and 1014â1022
267:, and withdrew from the
243:, which covered most of
222:Kingdom of Great Britain
4541:Vatican City (Holy See)
3752:Court of Castle Chamber
3431:Irish Rebellion of 1798
3421:WilliamiteâJacobite War
3396:Irish Rebellion of 1641
3144:, Edel Bhreathnach, in
3086:Early Christian Ireland
3000:3, 1982, pp. 1â29.
2972:24, 1973, pp. 1â69
2890:, T.F. O'Rahilly, 1946.
2484:O'Keeffe, Jane (2013),
2446:KondĆ, Atsushi (2001).
2269:The Times, 4 March 1927
2155:Raymond Moulton O'Brien
1994:Proposed Irish monarchy
1842:Irish Rebellion of 1798
1690:Irish Rebellion of 1641
1549:towards the end of the
1530:with the repeal of the
1384:constitutional monarchy
1296:Irish Rebellion of 1798
1113:Irish Rebellion of 1641
1032:in 1541, replacing the
660:as well as the city of
331:Map of Ireland (900 AD)
269:Commonwealth of Nations
4823:Islands of Refreshment
4253:Legitimacy (political)
3786:Trinity College Dublin
3781:Grand Lodge of Ireland
3719:Irish House of Commons
3677:Bréifne Uà Raghallaigh
3479:Act of Settlement 1662
3401:Irish Confederate Wars
3376:Plantations of Ireland
3366:Reformation in Ireland
3227:, Charles Doherty, in
3212:, Conleth Manning, in
3090:Thomas Charles-Edwards
3072:Early Medieval Ireland
2740:Francis Stuart: A life
2696:Feeney, Brian (2002).
2580:Dublin Review of Books
2066:
1899:
1729:Restoration in Ireland
1702:Irish Confederate Wars
1617:
1496:External Relations Act
1339:
1256:France's Irish Brigade
1236:
1025:
564:
522:Muirchertach Ua Briain
429:
332:
197:. Henry initiated the
193:of England during the
139:
4634:Saint Kitts and Nevis
4223:Criticism of monarchy
4213:Abolition of monarchy
3711:Parliament of Ireland
3361:Surrender and regrant
3159:The Conntinuation of
3060:, N.B. Aitchison, in
2958:, 1973; 3rd reprint,
2822:Aston, Nigel (2002).
2537:"The Flags of Canada"
2121:raised his status to
2057:
1897:
1611:
1403:Defender of the Faith
1320:
1284:Henry Benedict Stuart
1254:military diaspora in
1229:Henry Benedict Stuart
1226:
1172:Parliament of England
1023:
995:Parliament of Ireland
965:Battle of Stoke Field
831:Battle of Druim Dearg
825:claimed the title of
800:First man to be made
746:Richard II of England
597:Diarmait Mac Murchada
562:RuaidrĂ Ua Conchobair
560:
546:RuaidrĂ Ua Conchobair
516:Toirdelbach Ua Briain
438:Ruaidri Ua Conchobair
418:
342:(5th century to 1185)
330:
208:in 1603 expanded the
187:Parliament of Ireland
133:
65:"Monarchy of Ireland"
4466:United Arab Emirates
3715:Irish House of Lords
3494:Constitution of 1782
3251:Ailbhe Mac Shamhrain
3202:Finghin MacCarthaigh
3128:The inauguration of
3120:, Seam Mac Mathuna,
3082:The Kingship of Tara
3040:, Marilyn Gerriets,
2986:11, ed. T.W. Moody,
2944:, Maire Herbert, in
2898:GearĂłid Mac Niocaill
2562:An Claidheamh Soluis
2005:An Claidheamh Soluis
1973:President of Ireland
1567:High King of Ireland
1524:British Commonwealth
1508:President of Ireland
1227:Jacobite pretender,
1135:, victorious in the
1010:Re-creation of title
863:High King of Ireland
827:High King of Ireland
767:) or Cambro-Norman (
646:Archbishop of Dublin
528:Domnall Ua Lochlainn
426:Herbert, 2000, p. 72
404:High King of Ireland
390:(5thâ12th centuries)
366:(8thâ12th centuries)
318:High King of Ireland
220:, which created the
163:High King of Ireland
50:improve this article
5702:Monarchy of Ireland
5662:Trinidad and Tobago
5549:Commonwealth realms
5434:United Baltic Duchy
4577:Antigua and Barbuda
4569:Commonwealth realms
4263:Order of succession
3791:Order of St Patrick
3613:Mac William Ăochtar
3390:Flight of the Earls
3341:Lordship of Ireland
2922:Donnchadh O Corrain
2682:An Irish Monarchy,
2305:(3). September 2002
1982:The changes in the
1798:Kingdom of Scotland
1772:Battle of the Boyne
1764:Glorious Revolution
1694:Confederate Ireland
1688:(incorporating the
1605:British monarchs:
1601:Monarchs of Ireland
1512:Irish head of state
1442:Republic of Ireland
1433:Imperial Conference
1399:By the Grace of God
1362:, a self-governing
1356:Twenty-Six Counties
1290:landing a force in
1258:), contrary to the
1121:Confederate Ireland
1034:Lordship of Ireland
861:, declared himself
710:Henry II of England
704:Lordship of Ireland
619:Ascall mac Ragnaill
588:in Irish politics.
504:Donnchad mac Briain
206:Union of the Crowns
195:English Reformation
4043:Ireland portal
3821:Catholic Committee
3757:Peerage of Ireland
3565:Clann Aodha Buidhe
3499:Acts of Union 1800
3371:Desmond Rebellions
3299:Kingdom of Ireland
3148:Francis John Byrne
3132:at Ath an Termoinn
3074:, pp. 63â84,
3068:Kings and kingship
2984:Historical Studies
2956:Francis John Byrne
2876:, James Hogan, in
2597:Desmond FitzGerald
2183:Scarisbrick, J.J.
2117:negotiations when
2115:Anglo-Irish Treaty
2053:Desmond FitzGerald
2051:. In his memoirs,
1900:
1834:Acts of Union 1800
1806:Kingdom of Ireland
1794:Kingdom of England
1790:Acts of Union 1707
1618:
1340:
1241:Treaty of Limerick
1237:
1210:Kingdom of Ireland
1206:Acts of Union 1800
1194:Acts of Union 1707
1129:English Parliament
1082:Philip II of Spain
1038:Kingdom of Ireland
1026:
1016:Kingdom of Ireland
642:LorcĂĄn Ua Tuathail
567:Upon the death of
565:
396:Ard RĂ co Fresabra
346:Kings of AirgĂalla
333:
226:Acts of Union 1800
218:Acts of Union 1707
140:
136:Kingdom of Ireland
5679:
5678:
5675:
5674:
5364:Piedmont-Sardinia
5116:Sip Song Chau Tai
4926:Thirteen Colonies
4667:
4666:
4071:
4070:
3767:Church of Ireland
3629:Bréifne Uà Ruairc
3237:Four Courts Press
3218:Four Courts Press
3152:Four Courts Press
2982:, pp. 1â35,
2864:Rudolf Thurneysen
2418:1937 Constitution
1906:(1922â1936) (The
1727:(1658â1659). The
1649:Philip (of Spain)
1419:island of Ireland
1358:' now became the
1137:English Civil War
1109:Irish Restoration
750:Henry Bolingbroke
680:monastery of Cong
650:Treaty of Windsor
372:(to 12th century)
358:Kings of Leinster
352:Kings of Connacht
265:itself a republic
232:in January 1801.
154:, as part of the
126:
125:
118:
100:
5714:
5603:Irish Free State
5369:PolandâLithuania
4678:
4677:
4629:Papua New Guinea
4359:
4358:
4098:
4091:
4084:
4075:
4074:
4061:
4060:
4051:
4050:
4041:
4040:
4039:
4029:
4028:
4027:
4012:
4004:
3996:
3988:
3980:
3973:
3965:
3957:
3949:
3941:
3937:Richard Cromwell
3933:
3925:
3915:
3907:
3899:
3891:
3879:
3871:
3870:(1553; disputed)
3863:
3855:
3689:
3681:
3673:
3665:
3657:
3649:
3641:
3633:
3625:
3617:
3609:
3601:
3593:
3585:
3577:
3569:
3561:
3553:
3545:
3537:
3529:
3521:
3292:
3285:
3278:
3269:
3268:
3233:Edel Bhreathnach
3231:, pp. 3â31, ed.
3076:Daibhi O Croinin
3050:, A.T. Fear, in
2936:Kenneth Nicholls
2926:Studia Hibernica
2908:The rise of the
2856:
2837:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2789:
2780:
2774:
2765:
2759:
2752:
2746:
2737:
2731:
2726:Michael Laffan,
2724:
2718:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2693:
2687:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2654:
2648:
2639:
2633:
2624:
2618:
2609:
2603:
2590:
2584:
2572:
2566:
2554:
2548:
2533:
2527:
2516:
2510:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2481:
2470:
2469:
2443:
2437:
2427:
2421:
2411:
2401:
2378:In the words of
2376:
2370:
2369:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2291:
2285:
2276:
2270:
2267:
2258:
2252:
2241:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2180:
2103:House of Windsor
2077:Irish Volunteers
2073:Thomas MacDonagh
2061:de-anglicisation
1961:Irish Free State
1949:Northern Ireland
1945:Ireland Act 1949
1908:Irish Free State
1844:and created the
1754:(1689â1702) and
1733:Irish Convention
1725:Richard Cromwell
1714:Council of State
1659:Treason Act 1554
1639:(1553; disputed)
1586:Northern Ireland
1582:British monarchy
1551:Irish Free State
1407:Emperor of India
1380:Northern Ireland
1360:Irish Free State
1276:French Directory
1260:House of Hanover
1233:French Directory
1218:Irish Free State
1147:came across the
1052:King of Scotland
1030:Irish Parliament
859:King of Scotland
601:Oenach Tailteann
586:Kings of England
573:King of Connacht
486:Domnall ua NĂ©ill
480:Congalach Cnogba
436:inauguration of
433:MĂĄel Sechlainn I
427:
382:Kings of Thomond
376:Kings of Munster
370:Kings of Osraige
261:new constitution
241:Northern Ireland
237:Irish Free State
152:Northern Ireland
121:
114:
110:
107:
101:
99:
58:
34:
26:
5722:
5721:
5717:
5716:
5715:
5713:
5712:
5711:
5707:Ancient Ireland
5682:
5681:
5680:
5671:
5596:princely states
5544:
5480:Kingdom of Fiji
5453:
5199:Austria-Hungary
5167:
4930:
4864:
4663:
4649:Solomon Islands
4563:
4545:
4477:
4392:
4350:
4282:
4228:Democratization
4196:
4140:
4107:
4102:
4072:
4067:
4037:
4035:
4025:
4023:
4015:
4010:
4002:
3994:
3986:
3978:
3971:
3963:
3955:
3947:
3939:
3931:
3929:Oliver Cromwell
3923:
3913:
3905:
3897:
3884:
3877:
3869:
3861:
3853:
3843:
3835:
3831:United Irishmen
3698:
3692:
3687:
3679:
3671:
3663:
3655:
3647:
3639:
3631:
3623:
3615:
3607:
3599:
3591:
3583:
3575:
3567:
3559:
3551:
3543:
3535:
3527:
3519:
3509:
3503:
3446:
3440:
3386:Nine Years' War
3333:
3327:
3301:
3296:
3266:
3220:, Dublin, 2004.
3179:, Dublin, 2000.
3154:, Dublin, 2000.
3034:, Dublin, 1987.
3032:Katharine Simms
2853:
2834:
2817:
2812:
2811:
2801:
2799:
2787:
2781:
2777:
2766:
2762:
2753:
2749:
2738:
2734:
2725:
2721:
2709:
2705:
2694:
2690:
2686:, 15 April 1966
2684:The Irish Times
2681:
2677:
2667:
2665:
2664:. 21 March 2016
2662:The Irish Times
2656:
2655:
2651:
2640:
2636:
2625:
2621:
2610:
2606:
2591:
2587:
2573:
2569:
2565:, 4 August 1906
2555:
2551:
2534:
2530:
2517:
2513:
2506:
2502:
2496:
2482:
2473:
2462:
2444:
2440:
2428:
2424:
2377:
2373:
2366:
2346:
2342:
2332:
2330:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2308:
2306:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2277:
2273:
2268:
2261:
2253:
2244:
2236:
2232:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2203:Parr, Katherine
2200:
2196:
2181:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2142:O'Neill dynasty
2138:Osmonde Esmonde
2119:Ăamon de Valera
2091:Arthur Griffith
2025:Joseph Plunkett
1996:
1957:
1892:
1838:came into force
1804:. However, the
1721:Oliver Cromwell
1603:
1598:
1547:Ăamon de Valera
1543:Clontarf Castle
1484:Ăamon de Valera
1476:
1470:
1456:(also known as
1333:
1315:
1309:
1272:United Irishmen
1190:
1184:
1145:Oliver Cromwell
1133:Rump Parliament
1119:, organised in
1117:Irish Catholics
1107:in 1649 to the
1018:
1012:
1007:
991:King of Ireland
967:, 16 June 1487.
891:Duke of Ireland
806:King of England
802:Lord of Ireland
791:
785:
731:Gaelic nobility
714:invaded Ireland
706:
700:
656:(Leinster) and
617:, was ruled by
581:King of Ireland
575:, proceeded to
555:
446:
428:
425:
406:
400:
388:Kings of Ulster
340:Kings of Ailech
277:
275:Gaelic kingdoms
179:King of England
122:
111:
105:
102:
59:
57:
47:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5720:
5710:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5677:
5676:
5673:
5672:
5670:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5600:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5558:
5552:
5550:
5546:
5545:
5543:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5461:
5459:
5455:
5454:
5452:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5354:Ottoman Empire
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5314:Kartli-Kakheti
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5175:
5173:
5169:
5168:
5166:
5165:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
4996:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4938:
4936:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4872:
4870:
4866:
4865:
4863:
4862:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4723:Central Africa
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4684:
4682:
4675:
4669:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4659:United Kingdom
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4625:
4624:
4619:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4573:
4571:
4565:
4564:
4562:
4561:
4555:
4553:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4487:
4485:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4402:
4400:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4367:
4365:
4356:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4316:Prince regnant
4313:
4312:
4311:
4301:
4296:
4290:
4288:
4284:
4283:
4281:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4233:Decolonization
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4197:
4195:
4194:
4189:
4187:Personal union
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4157:Constitutional
4154:
4148:
4146:
4142:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4101:
4100:
4093:
4086:
4078:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4065:
4055:
4045:
4033:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4005:
3997:
3989:
3981:
3966:
3958:
3950:
3942:
3934:
3926:
3916:
3908:
3900:
3892:
3872:
3867:Lady Jane Grey
3864:
3856:
3847:
3845:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3811:Irish Patriots
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3727:
3722:
3708:
3702:
3700:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3682:
3674:
3666:
3658:
3650:
3642:
3634:
3626:
3618:
3610:
3602:
3594:
3586:
3578:
3570:
3562:
3554:
3546:
3538:
3530:
3522:
3513:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3450:
3448:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3436:United Kingdom
3433:
3428:
3418:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3383:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3346:British Empire
3343:
3337:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3302:
3295:
3294:
3287:
3280:
3272:
3265:
3264:
3254:
3240:
3239:, Dublin, 2005
3222:
3198:
3189:, pp. 90â107,
3180:
3170:
3167:and Bretwaldas
3156:
3139:
3125:
3111:
3093:
3079:
3065:
3055:
3045:
3035:
3025:
3011:
3001:
2991:
2973:
2963:
2949:
2939:
2929:
2915:
2905:
2891:
2885:
2871:
2857:
2851:
2838:
2832:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2775:
2760:
2754:Kevin Kieley,
2747:
2732:
2719:
2703:
2688:
2675:
2649:
2634:
2619:
2604:
2585:
2567:
2549:
2528:
2511:
2500:
2495:978-1781171936
2494:
2471:
2460:
2438:
2422:
2408:10.1086/508399
2399:10.1086/508399
2371:
2364:
2340:
2316:
2286:
2271:
2259:
2257:, p. 222.
2242:
2240:, p. 210.
2230:
2216:
2213:. p. 178.
2194:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2134:Francis Stuart
2107:Irish Republic
2049:Irish language
2019:in 1916, some
2000:Patrick Pearse
1995:
1992:
1969:British Empire
1956:
1953:
1943:Following the
1941:
1940:
1925:
1919:
1916:British Empire
1891:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1880:
1874:
1868:
1862:
1856:
1830:
1829:
1823:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1760:
1759:
1749:
1743:
1718:Lord Protector
1682:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1640:
1637:Lady Jane Grey
1634:
1628:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1555:Gaelic Ireland
1472:Main article:
1469:
1466:
1462:personal union
1368:British Empire
1322:Leinster House
1311:Main article:
1308:
1305:
1183:
1180:
1153:Lord Protector
1071:Katherine Parr
1063:personal union
1061:established a
1014:Main article:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
987:
986:
980:
979:
978:
973:claimed to be
971:Perkin Warbeck
968:
955:claimed to be
953:Lambert Simnel
944:
938:
932:
926:
920:
914:
908:
902:
896:
895:
894:
887:Robert de Vere
878:
872:
871:
870:
842:
836:
835:
834:
823:Brian Ua NĂ©ill
820:
811:
810:
809:
784:
781:
723:personal union
702:Main article:
699:
696:
688:Brian Ua NĂ©ill
671:by a party of
554:
551:
550:
549:
543:
537:
531:
525:
519:
513:
507:
501:
495:
489:
483:
477:
471:
465:
459:
453:
445:
442:
423:
414:ri hErenn uile
402:Main article:
399:
393:
392:
391:
385:
379:
373:
367:
361:
355:
349:
343:
276:
273:
253:British Empire
210:personal union
161:The office of
156:United Kingdom
124:
123:
38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5719:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5689:
5687:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5604:
5601:
5598:
5597:
5592:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5553:
5551:
5547:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5475:Easter Island
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5462:
5460:
5456:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5174:
5170:
5163:
5162:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5101:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5014:Jabal Shammar
5012:
5010:
5007:
5004:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4994:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4937:
4933:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4867:
4861:
4860:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4670:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4570:
4566:
4560:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4552:
4548:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4506:Liechtenstein
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4484:
4480:
4474:
4473:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4403:
4401:
4399:
4395:
4389:
4388:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4368:
4366:
4364:
4360:
4357:
4353:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4310:
4309:Queen regnant
4307:
4306:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4285:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4268:Republicanism
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4248:Head of state
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4199:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4182:Non-sovereign
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4143:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4113:
4110:
4106:
4099:
4094:
4092:
4087:
4085:
4080:
4079:
4076:
4064:
4056:
4054:
4046:
4044:
4034:
4032:
4022:
4021:
4018:
4009:
4006:
4001:
3998:
3993:
3990:
3985:
3982:
3977:
3970:
3967:
3962:
3959:
3954:
3951:
3946:
3943:
3938:
3935:
3930:
3927:
3922:
3921:
3917:
3912:
3909:
3904:
3901:
3896:
3893:
3889:
3888:
3883:
3876:
3873:
3868:
3865:
3860:
3857:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3776:
3772:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3695:
3686:
3683:
3678:
3675:
3670:
3667:
3662:
3659:
3654:
3651:
3646:
3643:
3638:
3635:
3630:
3627:
3622:
3619:
3614:
3611:
3606:
3603:
3598:
3595:
3590:
3587:
3582:
3579:
3574:
3571:
3566:
3563:
3558:
3555:
3550:
3547:
3542:
3539:
3534:
3531:
3526:
3523:
3518:
3517:Tuadhmhumhain
3515:
3514:
3512:
3506:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3454:Poynings' Law
3452:
3451:
3449:
3443:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3416:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3387:
3384:
3381:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3330:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3293:
3288:
3286:
3281:
3279:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3262:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3248:
3246:
3241:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3213:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3133:
3131:
3126:
3123:
3119:
3117:
3114:An inaugural
3112:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2996:, B. Wailes,
2995:
2992:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2933:
2930:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2906:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2858:
2854:
2852:9780521030274
2848:
2844:
2839:
2835:
2833:9780521465922
2829:
2825:
2820:
2819:
2797:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2757:
2751:
2745:
2741:
2736:
2729:
2723:
2717:
2713:
2707:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2679:
2663:
2659:
2653:
2647:
2643:
2638:
2632:
2628:
2623:
2617:
2613:
2608:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2589:
2582:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2564:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2532:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2509:
2504:
2497:
2491:
2487:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2468:
2467:Commonwealth.
2463:
2461:0-333-80265-9
2457:
2453:
2449:
2442:
2435:
2431:
2426:
2419:
2415:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2375:
2367:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2352:
2344:
2328:
2327:
2320:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2290:
2284:
2280:
2275:
2266:
2264:
2256:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2239:
2234:
2226:
2220:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2198:
2190:
2186:
2179:
2175:
2162:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2150:
2147:According to
2145:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2099:dual monarchy
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2082:
2081:Bulmer Hobson
2078:
2074:
2070:
2069:Ernest Blythe
2065:
2062:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2013:Easter Rising
2009:
2007:
2006:
2001:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1938:
1936:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1774:(part of the
1773:
1769:
1766:of 1688. The
1765:
1757:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1610:
1606:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1565:, a previous
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1475:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1449:
1447:
1444:had left the
1443:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1425:According to
1423:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1388:head of state
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1337:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1304:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1268:republicanism
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1246:
1242:
1234:
1230:
1225:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1202:British Crown
1199:
1195:
1189:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1168:British Isles
1165:
1161:
1160:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1022:
1017:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
984:
981:
976:
972:
969:
966:
962:
958:
954:
951:
950:
948:
945:
942:
939:
936:
933:
930:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
892:
888:
885:
884:
882:
879:
876:
873:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
849:
848:
846:
843:
840:
837:
832:
828:
824:
821:
818:
817:
815:
812:
807:
803:
799:
798:
796:
793:
792:
790:
780:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
753:
751:
747:
743:
738:
736:
732:
728:
727:Cambro-Norman
724:
719:
715:
711:
705:
695:
693:
689:
685:
681:
676:
674:
673:Anglo-Normans
670:
665:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
637:
635:
631:
627:
622:
620:
616:
612:
611:County Galway
608:
607:
602:
598:
594:
589:
587:
582:
578:
574:
570:
563:
559:
547:
544:
542:, c.1156â1166
541:
538:
536:, c.1119â1156
535:
532:
529:
526:
523:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
505:
502:
499:
496:
493:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
474:Donnchad Donn
472:
469:
468:Niall GlĂșndub
466:
463:
460:
457:
456:Ăed Findliath
454:
451:
448:
447:
441:
439:
434:
422:
417:
415:
410:
409:MĂĄire Herbert
405:
397:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
364:Kings of Mide
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
347:
344:
341:
338:
337:
336:
329:
325:
323:
322:unitary state
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
272:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
233:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
202:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
159:
157:
153:
149:
145:
137:
134:Badge of the
132:
128:
120:
117:
109:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67: â
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
5652:South Africa
5647:Sierra Leone
5594:
5424:Two Sicilies
5359:Papal States
5303:
5159:
5098:
4991:
4857:
4617:Cook Islands
4470:
4456:Saudi Arabia
4385:
3945:Commonwealth
3944:
3920:Commonwealth
3918:
3885:
3840:
3826:Orange Order
3746:Common Pleas
3734:King's Bench
3645:TĂr Chonaill
3605:Deasmhumhain
3589:Iar Connacht
3260:
3256:
3247:Charter Poem
3242:
3228:
3224:
3215:
3210:Clonmacnoise
3200:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3172:
3158:
3145:
3141:
3135:
3127:
3121:
3113:
3103:
3095:
3085:
3081:
3071:
3067:
3061:
3057:
3051:
3047:
3041:
3037:
3027:
3017:
3013:
3003:
2997:
2993:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2969:
2965:
2951:
2945:
2941:
2931:
2925:
2917:
2907:
2902:Irish Jurist
2901:
2893:
2887:
2877:
2873:
2867:
2859:
2842:
2823:
2800:. Retrieved
2795:
2791:
2778:
2767:
2763:
2755:
2750:
2739:
2735:
2727:
2722:
2711:
2706:
2697:
2691:
2678:
2666:. Retrieved
2661:
2652:
2641:
2637:
2626:
2622:
2611:
2607:
2592:
2588:
2578:
2570:
2560:
2557:In My Garden
2552:
2544:
2541:Appendix III
2531:
2514:
2503:
2485:
2465:
2447:
2441:
2425:
2392:(1): 72â90.
2389:
2385:
2374:
2350:
2343:
2331:. Retrieved
2325:
2319:
2307:. Retrieved
2302:
2298:
2289:
2278:
2274:
2238:Pittock 2006
2233:
2219:
2206:
2197:
2184:
2178:
2153:
2146:
2127:
2085:
2067:
2058:
2010:
2003:
1997:
1981:
1958:
1942:
1932:
1831:
1800:to form the
1785:(1702â1714)
1761:
1683:
1652:
1651:(1554â1558)
1645:(1553â1558)
1604:
1579:
1559:O'Brien Clan
1540:
1500:constitution
1477:
1450:
1446:Commonwealth
1426:
1424:
1396:
1341:
1238:
1191:
1156:
1141:Commonwealth
1098:
1086:Pope Paul IV
1075:
1056:
1042:
1027:
988:
949:(1485â1509)
889:was created
883:(1377â1399)
855:Robert Bruce
851:Edward Bruce
847:(1307â1327)
816:(1216â1272)
797:(1177â1216)
754:
739:
737:and France.
707:
684:Clonmacnoise
677:
666:
638:
626:Anglo-Norman
623:
604:
600:
590:
580:
566:
430:
419:
413:
407:
395:
334:
278:
234:
203:
160:
141:
127:
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
5591:British Raj
5563:(Sri Lanka)
5449:WĂŒrttemberg
5161:South Yemen
5049:Maguindanao
4942:Afghanistan
4703:Barotseland
4639:Saint Lucia
4612:New Zealand
4521:Netherlands
4294:Chhatrapati
4278:Sovereignty
4218:Aristocracy
4063:WikiProject
4011:(1760â1800)
4003:(1727â1760)
3995:(1714â1727)
3987:(1702â1714)
3979:(1689â1694)
3972:(1689â1702)
3969:William III
3964:(1685â1691)
3956:(1660â1685)
3948:(1659â1660)
3940:(1658â1659)
3932:(1653â1658)
3924:(1649â1653)
3914:(1625â1649)
3906:(1603â1625)
3898:(1558â1603)
3895:Elizabeth I
3890:(1554â1558)
3887:jure uxoris
3878:(1553â1558)
3862:(1547â1553)
3854:(1542â1547)
3730:Four Courts
3699:and society
3661:Fear Manach
3653:TĂr Eoghain
3557:UĂ DĂarmata
3541:Clanricarde
3356:New English
3185:pp. 33â52,
2802:2 September
2668:2 September
2011:During the
1984:royal style
1922:Edward VIII
1885:(1910â1922)
1879:(1901â1910)
1873:(1837â1901)
1867:(1830â1837)
1861:(1820â1830)
1855:(1801â1820)
1828:(1760â1801)
1822:(1727â1760)
1816:(1714â1727)
1792:united the
1758:(1689â1694)
1752:William III
1748:(1685â1689)
1742:(1660â1685)
1716:, then the
1710:Interregnum
1680:(1625â1649)
1674:(1603â1625)
1668:(1558â1603)
1666:Elizabeth I
1654:jure uxoris
1633:(1547â1553)
1413:called the
1366:within the
1350:) left the
1292:County Mayo
1282:Pretender,
1176:Westminster
1088:issued the
1084:, in 1554,
985:(1509â1542)
943:(1483â1485)
941:Richard III
931:(1471â1483)
925:(1470â1471)
919:(1461â1470)
913:(1422â1461)
907:(1413â1422)
901:(1399â1413)
877:(1327â1377)
841:(1272â1307)
548:, 1166â1198
530:, died 1121
524:, died 1119
518:, died 1086
512:, died 1072
506:, died 1064
500:, 1002â1014
462:Flann Sinna
384:(1118â1543)
251:within the
212:to include
5686:Categories
5657:Tanganyika
5572:The Gambia
5500:NiuÄ-Fekai
5439:Yugoslavia
5339:Montenegro
5146:Upper Yafa
5141:Upper Asir
4778:Madagascar
4511:Luxembourg
4243:Government
4208:Abdication
4177:Hereditary
4105:Monarchies
4008:George III
3953:Charles II
3851:Henry VIII
3844:and rulers
3771:Ascendancy
3669:UĂ CathĂĄin
3573:Magh Luirg
3549:UĂ Failghe
3489:Popery Act
3484:Penal Laws
3447:Parliament
3425:Wild Geese
3415:Barbadosed
3334:and events
3204:, king of
3177:Bart Jaski
3100:Bart Jaski
2365:0300030711
2255:Aston 2002
2165:References
2113:until the
2021:Republican
1877:Edward VII
1865:William IV
1853:George III
1826:George III
1740:Charles II
1706:Charles II
1622:Henry VIII
1563:Brian Boru
1528:Oireachtas
1330:Queen Mary
1301:Wolfe Tone
1252:Wild Geese
1186:See also:
1125:Charles II
1090:papal bull
1067:Henry VIII
983:Henry VIII
881:Richard II
875:Edward III
787:See also:
779:) origin.
773:FitzGerald
498:Brian Boru
354:(406â1474)
191:Henry VIII
106:March 2021
76:newspapers
5627:Mauritius
5520:Rarotonga
5505:Nuku Hiva
5495:Mangareva
5470:Bora Bora
5349:NeuchĂątel
5319:Lithuania
5224:Catalonia
5111:Sri Lanka
5064:Manchukuo
5039:Kurdistan
4993:Indonesia
4916:Talamanca
4876:AraucanĂa
4859:and other
4838:Wassoulou
4582:Australia
4258:Oligarchy
4000:George II
3911:Charles I
3859:Edward VI
3816:Defenders
3796:Jacobites
3775:Recusancy
3738:Exchequer
3685:UĂ MhĂĄine
3637:Cairbrigh
3581:AirgĂalla
3525:UĂ Echach
3510:conquests
3245:Airgialla
3108:Groningen
3022:Edinburgh
2430:Section 1
2309:2 October
2170:Citations
2087:Sinn FĂ©in
1998:In 1906,
1929:George VI
1927:Arguably
1859:George IV
1820:George II
1678:Charles I
1631:Edward VI
1612:An Irish
1516:George VI
1428:The Times
1354:. These '
1157:see also
1149:Irish Sea
1105:Charles I
947:Henry VII
929:Edward IV
917:Edward IV
845:Edward II
814:Henry III
765:MacCarthy
662:Waterford
488:, 955â978
482:, 943â954
476:, 918â942
470:, 915â917
464:, 877â914
458:, 861â876
452:, 846â860
286:AirgĂalla
5642:Rhodesia
5637:Pakistan
5556:Barbados
5525:Rimatara
5515:Rapa Iti
5444:Valencia
5419:Tavolara
5409:Scotland
5374:Portugal
5334:Moldavia
5219:Bulgaria
5214:Brittany
5189:Asturias
5069:Mongolia
5059:Maldives
4921:Trinidad
4911:Suriname
4869:Americas
4853:Zimbabwe
4848:Zanzibar
4833:Wituland
4808:Ngazidja
4803:Ndzuwani
4738:Ethiopia
4461:Thailand
4441:Malaysia
4421:Cambodia
4371:Eswatini
4167:Elective
4152:Absolute
4053:Category
3992:George I
3961:James II
3841:Monarchs
3742:Chancery
3697:Politics
3445:Acts of
3062:Traditio
2910:UĂ NĂ©ill
2798:: 95â109
2730:, p. 241
2416:and the
2055:wrote:
2041:Bulgaria
1965:Dominion
1912:Dominion
1904:George V
1883:George V
1871:Victoria
1836:, which
1814:George I
1746:James II
1700:and the
1372:Province
1364:dominion
1348:counties
1332:in 1911.
1326:George V
1294:for the
1280:Jacobite
1245:Jacobite
935:Edward V
923:Henry VI
911:Henry VI
899:Henry IV
839:Edward I
742:the Pale
735:Scotland
669:Connacht
634:Henry II
630:Leinster
593:Leinster
424:â
348:(?-1590)
294:Leinster
290:Connacht
249:dominion
214:Scotland
175:Holy See
5632:Nigeria
5607:Ireland
5535:Tahuata
5510:Raiatea
5490:Huahine
5465:Abemama
5458:Oceania
5429:Tuscany
5384:Romania
5379:Prussia
5344:Navarre
5324:Majorca
5304:Ireland
5299:Imereti
5294:Iceland
5289:Hungary
5284:Hanover
5279:Granada
5269:Germany
5264:Georgia
5259:Galicia
5249:Finland
5239:Corsica
5234:Cilicia
5204:Bavaria
5194:Austria
5179:Albania
5151:Vietnam
5094:Sarawak
5084:Qu'aiti
5019:Kathiri
4982:Dapitan
4957:Bukhara
4906:Miskito
4828:Tunisia
4818:Shilluk
4728:Dahomey
4718:Burundi
4708:Bagirmi
4688:Adamawa
4607:Jamaica
4602:Grenada
4587:Bahamas
4551:Oceania
4501:Denmark
4496:Belgium
4491:Andorra
4406:Bahrain
4381:Morocco
4376:Lesotho
4355:Current
4346:Pharaoh
4299:Emperor
4238:Dynasty
4192:Regency
4172:Federal
4162:Diarchy
4116:Monarch
3976:Mary II
3903:James I
3597:Umhaill
3332:General
3306:History
3263:, 2008.
3206:Desmond
3136:Peritia
3110:, 1996.
3078:, 1995.
3010:, 1984.
2988:Belfast
2884:, 1938.
2815:Sources
2758:, p. 98
2432:of the
2045:English
2037:Romania
2029:Ireland
1967:of the
1914:of the
1756:Mary II
1672:James I
1534:by the
1431:, the "
1344:Ireland
1164:Richard
997:by the
993:by the
905:Henry V
761:O'Brien
757:O'Neill
310:Thomond
306:Munster
302:Osraige
173:of the
144:Ireland
90:scholar
5667:Uganda
5617:Malawi
5582:Guyana
5561:Ceylon
5540:Tahiti
5530:Rurutu
5485:Hawaii
5414:Serbia
5399:Saxony
5389:Russia
5274:Greece
5254:France
5244:Cyprus
5229:Crimea
5209:Bosnia
5184:Aragon
5172:Europe
5136:Taiwan
5106:Sikkim
5089:Ryukyu
5074:Najran
4972:Chehab
4952:Bengal
4901:Mexico
4886:Brazil
4813:Rwanda
4793:Maravi
4693:Ankole
4681:Africa
4673:Former
4654:Tuvalu
4597:Canada
4592:Belize
4536:Sweden
4526:Norway
4516:Monaco
4483:Europe
4436:Kuwait
4431:Jordan
4416:Brunei
4411:Bhutan
4363:Africa
4336:Sultan
4287:Titles
4201:Topics
3974:&
3882:Philip
3880:&
3875:Mary I
3806:Tories
3773:&
3688:(1611)
3680:(1607)
3672:(1607)
3664:(1607)
3656:(1607)
3648:(1607)
3640:(1606)
3632:(1605)
3624:(1603)
3621:Laigin
3616:(1602)
3608:(1596)
3600:(1593)
3592:(1589)
3584:(1585)
3576:(1585)
3568:(1574)
3560:(1574)
3552:(1550)
3544:(1544)
3536:(1543)
3533:LoĂgis
3528:(1543)
3520:(1543)
3508:Gaelic
3380:Ulster
3092:, 1995
3024:, 1988
3008:Oxford
2990:, 1978
2962:, 2001
2960:Dublin
2938:, 1972
2882:Dublin
2849:
2830:
2492:
2458:
2406:
2362:
2017:Dublin
1924:(1936)
1696:, the
1643:Mary I
1438:styles
1376:Ulster
1248:Stuart
1231:. The
1208:, the
1078:Mary I
937:(1483)
777:Butler
692:Gaelic
654:Laigin
615:Dublin
577:Dublin
314:Ulster
282:Ailech
245:Ulster
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
5622:Malta
5612:Kenya
5587:India
5577:Ghana
5404:Savoy
5394:Samos
5309:Italy
5156:Yemen
5131:Tibet
5126:Syria
5079:Nepal
5054:Mahra
5034:Kumul
5029:Korea
5024:Khiva
5003:Qajar
4987:Hejaz
4977:China
4962:Burma
4891:Haiti
4881:Aztec
4798:Mwali
4788:Maore
4768:Libya
4763:Kongo
4758:Kaffa
4753:Gumma
4748:Gomma
4743:Ghana
4733:Egypt
4713:Bornu
4698:Aussa
4559:Tonga
4531:Spain
4451:Qatar
4426:Japan
3801:Whigs
3102:, in
2788:(PDF)
2404:JSTOR
2333:6 May
1933:(see
1614:groat
1094:Ilius
769:Burke
606:caput
97:JSTOR
83:books
5567:Fiji
5121:Sulu
5100:Shan
5044:Laos
5009:Iraq
4999:Iran
4967:Cebu
4947:Asir
4935:Asia
4896:Inca
4843:Yeke
4783:Mali
4773:Luba
4622:Niue
4472:list
4446:Oman
4398:Asia
4387:list
4341:Shah
4331:Tsar
4326:khan
4321:Raja
4304:King
4145:Type
3984:Anne
3762:Army
3744:and
3717:and
3165:Tara
3161:Bede
3042:CMCS
2998:CMCS
2970:Eiru
2847:ISBN
2828:ISBN
2804:2018
2670:2018
2490:ISBN
2456:ISBN
2360:ISBN
2335:2009
2311:2008
2136:and
2039:and
1975:was
1832:The
1796:and
1788:The
1783:Anne
1684:The
1580:The
1514:was
1504:Ăire
1328:and
1192:The
1057:The
795:John
718:John
712:had
658:Mide
312:and
298:Mide
204:The
171:fief
69:news
5329:Man
3122:ZCP
3116:ode
3084:in
3070:in
3052:EtC
2868:ZCP
2772:175
2744:101
2716:233
2646:301
2616:255
2601:141
2452:120
2394:doi
2356:181
2031:to
2015:in
1778:).
1374:of
1174:at
52:by
5688::
5605:/
5593:,
3740:,
3736:,
3249:,
3235:,
3175:,
3150:,
3098:,
3088:,
3030:,
2954:,
2934:,
2924:,
2920:,
2900:,
2896:,
2866:,
2862:,
2796:47
2794:.
2790:.
2660:.
2631:66
2595:,
2577:,
2559:,
2474:^
2464:.
2454:.
2402:.
2390:46
2388:.
2384:.
2358:.
2301:.
2297:.
2283:66
2262:^
2245:^
2209:.
2187:.
2144:.
1848:.
1735:.
1692:,
1592:.
1538:.
1464:.
1448:.
1405:,
1394:.
1220:.
1115:,
1040:.
1001:.
857:,
775:,
771:,
763:,
759:,
664:.
324:.
308:,
304:,
300:,
296:,
292:,
288:,
284:,
5599:)
5589:(
5164:)
5158:(
5005:)
5001:(
4097:e
4090:t
4083:v
3777:)
3769:(
3748:)
3732:(
3721:)
3713:(
3427:)
3423:(
3417:)
3413:(
3392:)
3388:(
3382:)
3378:(
3291:e
3284:t
3277:v
2855:.
2836:.
2806:.
2672:.
2436:.
2410:.
2396::
2368:.
2337:.
2313:.
2303:9
2227:.
2191:.
1939:.
1937:)
1338:.
1092:"
869:.
808:.
138:.
119:)
113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
23:.
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