106:
214:
286:
2442:
262:
310:
430:
358:
334:
142:
382:
406:
166:
190:
238:
23:
to their railways because of the social and economic benefits that it brings. The economic benefits can greatly assist in funding the rail network. Those countries usually also fund or subsidize road construction, and therefore effectively also subsidize road transport. Rail subsidies vary in both
470:
was $ 128 billion and was likely to remain at a similar rate for the rest of the country's next Five Year Period (2016-2020). A planned 8,000 kilometres (about 5,000 miles) of track will be added domestically, with a goal of better connecting existing domestic track with other foreign railway
24:
size and how they are distributed, with some countries funding the infrastructure and others funding trains and their operators, while others have a mixture of both. Subsidies can be used for either investment in upgrades and new lines, or to keep lines running that create economic growth.
911:
689:"ANNEX to Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EC) No 1370/2007 concerning the opening of the market for domestic passenger transport services by rail"
27:
Rail subsidies are largest in China ($ 130 billion), Europe (€73 billion) and India ($ 35.8 billion), while the United States has relatively small subsidies for passenger rail with freight not subsidized.
644:
Puentes, R. (2008). A Bridge to
Somewhere: Rethinking American Transportation for the 21st Century. Brookings Institution Metropolitan Policy Report: Blueprint for American Prosperity series report.
918:
754:
88:
have argued that the existence of modern rail infrastructure is a significant indicator of a country's economic advancement: this perspective is illustrated notably through the
994:
1020:
812:
1068:
882:£6.7 billion, consisting of £4.3billion to network rail, and £2.4billion to train operating companies (TOC) using average of £1=1.366 euros for 2015-16
452:
Note that several operators that do not receive subsidies also exist, including virtually all long-haul and high-speed services in France and
Germany.
844:
973:
2166:
761:
582:
506:
89:
795:
866:
688:
1111:
1084:
489:
railways are subsidised by around Rs 2.4trillion ($ 35.8 billion), of which around 60% goes to commuter rail and short-haul trips.
694:(COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT: IMPACT ASSESSMENT). Brussels: European Commission. 2013. pp. 6, 44, 45. Archived from
2088:
2080:
816:
1040:
2293:
2212:
1258:
942:
1104:
1897:
1265:
999:
635:
Squires, G. Ed. (2002) Urban Sprawl: Causes, Consequences, & Policy
Responses. The Urban Institute Press.
550:
114:
2321:
2283:
1215:
1128:
778:
2367:
1459:
1357:
895:"Implementation of EU legislation on rail liberalisation in Belgium, France, Germany and The Netherlands"
715:
515:(passenger rail) are around $ 1.4 billion. The rail freight industry does not receive direct subsidies.
2331:
2222:
2145:
2130:
1253:
546:
2263:
2253:
2099:
1990:
1097:
572:
105:
40:
and along their arteries. These arrangements help to regenerate cities, increase revenue from local
2288:
524:
2466:
2392:
2352:
2298:
542:
480:
461:
1054:
2050:
2030:
1774:
1769:
1521:
61:
695:
2407:
2387:
2202:
2035:
1695:
1377:
1183:
85:
49:
2382:
2347:
2075:
2045:
2000:
1811:
1690:
1404:
1367:
1188:
943:"The evolution of public funding to the rail sector in 5 European countries - a comparison"
8:
2422:
2402:
2217:
1912:
1791:
1584:
1579:
1275:
1225:
1173:
435:
894:
2471:
2176:
1977:
1604:
1409:
1392:
1315:
1025:
2135:
1801:
1736:
1702:
1327:
1270:
1153:
618:
603:
2446:
2362:
2326:
2316:
2273:
2268:
2248:
2243:
2125:
2070:
2040:
1531:
1491:
1429:
1310:
1295:
1290:
1210:
1168:
1120:
533:
receives 112 billion rubles (around US$ 1.5 billion) annually from the government.
530:
65:
2161:
1995:
1831:
1652:
1536:
1506:
1449:
1337:
1322:
73:
69:
2377:
2278:
2094:
2015:
1806:
1731:
1660:
1454:
1245:
978:
729:
567:
267:
37:
502:
2460:
2427:
2372:
1967:
1952:
1932:
1927:
1670:
1556:
1439:
1399:
1387:
1280:
1146:
622:
498:
2441:
2412:
2397:
2197:
2181:
2171:
2140:
2120:
2104:
2065:
2025:
2020:
2005:
1962:
1685:
1464:
1372:
1285:
1200:
1163:
557:(which account for 60% of the passenger market) receive no state subsidy.
56:
expansion, which is more typical in the U.S., promotes the development of
2417:
2055:
1917:
1887:
1877:
1665:
1632:
1612:
1469:
1230:
995:"Indian Railways stays afloat in FY19, helped by advance freight charges"
315:
219:
2357:
2227:
1947:
1942:
1862:
1764:
1642:
1622:
1574:
1541:
1511:
1476:
1419:
1347:
1342:
1305:
1235:
1220:
1195:
1178:
1141:
949:
796:"Public Expenditure on Railways in Europe: a cross-country comparison"
611:
International
Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT)
2060:
2010:
1957:
1872:
1826:
1796:
1786:
1726:
1680:
1637:
1627:
1546:
1516:
1501:
1444:
1300:
1158:
1069:"Level playing field: EU efforts to break into Japan's rail industry"
1481:
1892:
1882:
1867:
1857:
1836:
1816:
1781:
1759:
1721:
1712:
1675:
1589:
1362:
1332:
1089:
703:
Includes both "Railway subsidies" and "Public
Service Obligations".
655:
2207:
2084:
1922:
1852:
1754:
1594:
1566:
1496:
1486:
1382:
577:
554:
363:
339:
291:
147:
57:
53:
20:
1021:"Govt defends fare hike, says rail subsidy burden was too heavy"
79:
1907:
1902:
1821:
1526:
1352:
1205:
512:
411:
387:
171:
974:"China to Invest $ 128 Billion in Rail, Push for Global Share"
1617:
486:
467:
243:
195:
45:
41:
735:. Paris, France: UIC (International Union of Railways). 2014
1982:
1937:
1551:
1414:
845:"Spanish railways battle profit loss with more investment"
656:"Transportation Infrastructure and Country Attractiveness"
109:
European rail subsidies in euros per passenger-km for 2008
1136:
813:"Facts and arguments in favour of Swiss public transport"
119:
Total EU rail subsidies amounted to €73 billion in 2005.
31:
683:
681:
679:
677:
545:
requires few subsidies. The three biggest companies,
1041:"Demand for Grants 2022-23 Analysis : Railways"
674:
2458:
867:"GB rail industry financial information 2015-16"
583:Financing of the rail industry in Great Britain
90:Basic Rail Transportation Infrastructure Index
1105:
779:"Efficiency indicators of Railways in France"
80:Modern rail as economic development indicator
60:at the periphery, contributing to increased
601:
1112:
1098:
935:
805:
604:"New coefficients of rail transport usage"
595:
36:Railways channel growth toward dense city
1055:"Government support for Russian Railways"
466:In 2015, total domestic rail spending by
104:
134:Billion passenger-km travelled in 2014
95:
2459:
653:
1093:
992:
654:Firzli, M. Nicolas J. (1 July 2013).
1119:
730:"Railway Statistics – 2014 Synopsis"
722:
32:Social and economic benefits of rail
13:
2284:Transit-oriented development (TOD)
771:
14:
2483:
1078:
2440:
2294:Transportation demand management
492:
428:
404:
380:
356:
332:
308:
284:
260:
236:
212:
188:
164:
140:
1061:
1047:
1033:
1013:
986:
966:
904:
887:
859:
837:
788:
602:Lewandowski, Krzysztof (2015).
993:Kumar, Saurabh (22 May 2019).
747:
708:
647:
638:
629:
1:
1266:Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit
589:
128:Subsidy in billions of Euros
16:Monetary support for railways
2322:Passenger information system
917:. p. 30. Archived from
815:. p. 24. Archived from
7:
1460:Demand-responsive transport
1358:Medium-capacity rail system
948:. p. 6. Archived from
760:. p. 2. Archived from
560:
52:. By contrast, a policy of
10:
2488:
2223:Public transport timetable
1254:Passenger rail terminology
755:"German Railway Financing"
716:"EU Technical Report 2007"
522:
497:For rail subsidies in the
496:
478:
459:
112:
2436:
2340:
2307:
2254:Green transport hierarchy
2236:
2190:
2154:
2113:
1991:Automated fare collection
1976:
1845:
1745:
1711:
1651:
1603:
1565:
1428:
1244:
1127:
573:Rail transport by country
518:
100:
72:spaces, and depletion of
2289:Transportation authority
832:6.3 billion Swiss francs
660:Revue Analyse Financière
536:
525:Rail transport in Russia
474:
455:
2353:Bus rapid transit creep
2299:Transportation planning
1085:UK Rail Finance 2014-15
481:Rail transport in India
462:Rail transport in China
115:European rail subsidies
92:(known as BRTI Index).
2051:Manual fare collection
2031:Farebox recovery ratio
1522:Personal rapid transit
511:Current subsidies for
507:Modern US rail history
110:
86:development economists
62:vehicle miles traveled
48:values, and encourage
2408:Sustainable transport
2388:Passenger load factor
2203:Clock-face scheduling
2036:Free public transport
1888:Bus turnout (bus bay)
1585:Real-time ridesharing
1378:Platform screen doors
1000:The Financial Express
912:"ProRail report 2015"
543:rail network in Japan
503:Amtrak public funding
108:
50:mixed use development
19:Many countries offer
2447:Transport portal
2383:Outline of transport
2076:Reduced fare program
2046:Integrated ticketing
2001:Contract of carriage
1812:Personal transporter
1368:Narrow-gauge railway
1216:Rail replacement bus
96:Subsidies by country
2423:Transport economics
2218:On-time performance
2213:Night (owl) service
1913:Interchange station
1792:Horse-drawn vehicle
1580:Flexible carpooling
1388:Metro/Rapid Transit
847:. 17 September 2015
2177:Standing passenger
1440:Auto rickshaw taxi
1410:Suspension railway
1393:Rubber-tyred metro
1316:Heritage streetcar
1221:Share taxi/Taxibus
1071:. 3 November 2014.
1026:The Times of India
872:. 21 February 2017
822:on 26 October 2014
111:
2454:
2453:
2146:Transport network
2136:Non-revenue track
1802:Inclined elevator
1737:Inclined elevator
1703:Inclined elevator
1328:Higher-speed rail
1271:Airport rail link
1154:Bus rapid transit
450:
449:
68:, development of
2479:
2445:
2444:
2363:Destination sign
2327:Platform display
2317:Destination sign
2274:Transit district
2269:Street hierarchy
2249:Complete streets
2244:Airport security
2126:Cross-city route
2071:Proof-of-payment
2041:Free travel pass
1532:Public light bus
1492:Hackney carriage
1311:Heritage railway
1296:Elevated railway
1291:Cross-city route
1211:Public light bus
1169:Cross-city route
1121:Public transport
1114:
1107:
1100:
1091:
1090:
1073:
1072:
1065:
1059:
1058:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1007:
990:
984:
983:
970:
964:
963:
961:
960:
954:
947:
939:
933:
932:
930:
929:
923:
916:
908:
902:
901:
899:
891:
885:
884:
879:
877:
871:
863:
857:
856:
854:
852:
841:
835:
834:
829:
827:
821:
809:
803:
802:
800:
792:
786:
785:
783:
775:
769:
768:
766:
759:
751:
745:
744:
742:
740:
734:
726:
720:
719:
712:
706:
705:
700:
693:
685:
672:
671:
669:
667:
651:
645:
642:
636:
633:
627:
626:
608:
599:
531:Russian Railways
434:
432:
431:
410:
408:
407:
386:
384:
383:
362:
360:
359:
338:
336:
335:
314:
312:
311:
290:
288:
287:
266:
264:
263:
242:
240:
239:
218:
216:
215:
194:
192:
191:
170:
168:
167:
146:
144:
143:
122:
121:
74:natural reserves
66:carbon emissions
2487:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2439:
2432:
2336:
2309:
2303:
2232:
2186:
2162:Checked baggage
2150:
2109:
1996:Bus advertising
1980:
1972:
1841:
1832:Trackless train
1775:Scooter-sharing
1770:Bicycle-sharing
1747:
1741:
1707:
1647:
1599:
1561:
1537:Pulled rickshaw
1507:Motorcycle taxi
1450:Combination bus
1431:
1424:
1338:Inter-city rail
1323:High-speed rail
1240:
1123:
1118:
1081:
1076:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1029:. 22 June 2014.
1019:
1018:
1014:
1005:
1003:
991:
987:
982:. 5 March 2015.
972:
971:
967:
958:
956:
952:
945:
941:
940:
936:
927:
925:
921:
914:
910:
909:
905:
897:
893:
892:
888:
875:
873:
869:
865:
864:
860:
850:
848:
843:
842:
838:
825:
823:
819:
811:
810:
806:
798:
794:
793:
789:
781:
777:
776:
772:
764:
757:
753:
752:
748:
738:
736:
732:
728:
727:
723:
714:
713:
709:
701:on 2013-05-03.
698:
691:
687:
686:
675:
665:
663:
652:
648:
643:
639:
634:
630:
606:
600:
596:
592:
587:
563:
541:The privatized
539:
527:
521:
509:
495:
483:
477:
464:
458:
429:
427:
405:
403:
381:
379:
357:
355:
333:
331:
309:
307:
285:
283:
261:
259:
237:
235:
213:
211:
189:
187:
165:
163:
141:
139:
117:
103:
98:
82:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2485:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2467:Rail transport
2452:
2451:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2378:Land transport
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2344:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2279:Transit police
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2259:Rail subsidies
2256:
2251:
2246:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2131:Network length
2128:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2095:Ticket machine
2092:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2016:Fare avoidance
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1987:
1985:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1898:Ferry terminal
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1807:Moving walkway
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1762:
1757:
1751:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1732:Moving walkway
1729:
1724:
1718:
1716:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1699:
1698:
1693:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1661:Aerial tramway
1657:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1609:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1571:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1457:
1455:Cycle rickshaw
1452:
1447:
1442:
1436:
1434:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1405:Street running
1402:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1250:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1150:
1149:
1144:
1133:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1117:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1080:
1079:External links
1077:
1075:
1074:
1060:
1046:
1032:
1012:
985:
979:Bloomberg News
965:
934:
903:
886:
858:
836:
804:
787:
770:
767:on 2016-03-10.
746:
721:
707:
673:
646:
637:
628:
593:
591:
588:
586:
585:
580:
575:
570:
568:Rail transport
564:
562:
559:
538:
535:
523:Main article:
520:
517:
494:
491:
479:Main article:
476:
473:
460:Main article:
457:
454:
448:
447:
444:
441:
438:
424:
423:
420:
417:
414:
400:
399:
396:
393:
390:
376:
375:
372:
369:
366:
352:
351:
348:
345:
342:
328:
327:
324:
321:
318:
304:
303:
300:
297:
294:
280:
279:
276:
273:
270:
268:United Kingdom
256:
255:
252:
249:
246:
232:
231:
228:
225:
222:
208:
207:
204:
201:
198:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
160:
159:
156:
153:
150:
136:
135:
132:
129:
126:
113:Main article:
102:
99:
97:
94:
81:
78:
38:agglomerations
33:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2484:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2435:
2429:
2428:Micromobility
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2373:Hail and ride
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
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1968:Transport hub
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1953:Train station
1951:
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1948:Taxicab stand
1946:
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1933:Park and ride
1931:
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1928:Metro station
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1671:Cable railway
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1400:Regional rail
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1281:Commuter rail
1279:
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1257:
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1234:
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1209:
1207:
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1199:
1197:
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1187:
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1184:Intercity bus
1182:
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1016:
1002:
1001:
996:
989:
981:
980:
975:
969:
955:on 2016-03-04
951:
944:
938:
924:on 2016-03-03
920:
913:
907:
896:
890:
883:
868:
862:
846:
840:
833:
818:
814:
808:
801:. p. 10.
797:
791:
780:
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763:
756:
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731:
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684:
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493:United States
490:
488:
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472:
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439:
437:
426:
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397:
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199:
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186:
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157:
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149:
138:
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127:
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120:
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107:
93:
91:
87:
77:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
29:
25:
22:
2438:
2413:Timing point
2398:Request stop
2341:Other topics
2258:
2198:Bus bunching
2182:Travel class
2141:Radial route
2121:Circle route
2105:Transit pass
2066:Penalty fare
2026:Fare evasion
2021:Fare capping
2006:Dead mileage
1963:Transit mall
1686:Gondola lift
1465:Microtransit
1373:People mover
1286:Circle route
1201:Open top bus
1164:Circle route
1063:
1049:
1035:
1024:
1015:
1004:. Retrieved
998:
988:
977:
968:
957:. Retrieved
950:the original
937:
926:. Retrieved
919:the original
906:
889:
881:
874:. Retrieved
861:
849:. Retrieved
839:
831:
824:. Retrieved
817:the original
807:
790:
773:
762:the original
749:
737:. Retrieved
724:
710:
702:
696:the original
664:. Retrieved
659:
649:
640:
631:
617:(6): 89–91.
614:
610:
597:
540:
528:
510:
484:
465:
451:
217:
118:
83:
35:
26:
18:
2418:Transit map
2393:Public good
2310:and signage
2167:First class
2081:Smart cards
2056:Money train
1918:Kassel kerb
1878:Bus station
1666:Cable ferry
1633:Ocean liner
1613:Cable ferry
1470:Paratransit
1231:Transit bus
1226:Shuttle bus
1174:Express bus
1129:Bus service
876:22 February
316:Netherlands
220:Switzerland
2461:Categories
2368:Dwell time
2358:Crush load
2308:Technology
2228:Short turn
2191:Scheduling
2155:Facilities
1943:Queue jump
1863:Bus garage
1765:Carsharing
1643:Water taxi
1623:Hovercraft
1575:Car jockey
1567:Carpooling
1542:Share taxi
1512:Marshrutka
1477:Dollar van
1420:Tram-train
1348:Light rail
1343:Interurban
1306:Heavy rail
1236:Trolleybus
1196:Marshrutka
1179:Guided bus
1006:2020-04-21
959:2016-03-09
928:2016-03-09
739:8 November
590:References
551:JR Central
529:In total,
70:greenfield
2472:Subsidies
2332:Timetable
2061:Paid area
2011:Exit fare
1978:Ticketing
1958:Tram stop
1873:Bus stand
1846:Locations
1827:Slope car
1797:Hyperloop
1787:Escalator
1748:transport
1727:Escalator
1715:transport
1681:Funicular
1638:Vaporetto
1628:Hydrofoil
1547:Songthaew
1517:Nanny van
1502:Limousine
1445:Boda boda
1301:Funicular
1276:Cable car
1159:Charabanc
623:2277-3754
471:systems.
84:European
21:subsidies
2348:Boarding
2264:Security
2237:Politics
2100:Transfer
1893:Dry dock
1883:Bus stop
1868:Bus lane
1858:Bus bulb
1837:Vactrain
1817:Robotaxi
1782:Elevator
1760:Airliner
1722:Elevator
1713:Building
1696:tricable
1676:Elevator
1590:Slugging
1432:for hire
1430:Vehicles
1363:Monorail
1333:Horsecar
1259:glossary
851:10 March
666:26 April
561:See also
125:Country
44:, boost
2403:Service
2208:Headway
2172:Sleeper
2114:Routing
2089:Calypso
2085:CIPURSE
1923:Layover
1853:Airport
1755:Airline
1691:bicable
1595:Vanpool
1557:Tuk tuk
1497:Jeepney
1487:Gondola
1383:Railbus
662:. Paris
578:Subsidy
555:JR-West
547:JR East
436:Ireland
364:Denmark
340:Austria
292:Belgium
148:Germany
58:suburbs
54:highway
46:housing
1908:Harbor
1903:Hangar
1822:Shweeb
1527:Pesero
1482:Dolmuş
1353:Maglev
1206:Pesero
1189:driver
1142:driver
826:3 July
621:
519:Russia
513:Amtrak
501:, see
487:Indian
433:
412:Poland
409:
388:Sweden
385:
361:
337:
313:
289:
265:
241:
193:
172:France
169:
145:
101:Europe
1983:fares
1746:Other
1653:Cable
1618:Ferry
953:(PDF)
946:(PDF)
922:(PDF)
915:(PDF)
898:(PDF)
870:(PDF)
820:(PDF)
799:(PDF)
782:(PDF)
765:(PDF)
758:(PDF)
733:(PDF)
699:(PDF)
692:(PDF)
607:(PDF)
537:Japan
475:India
468:China
456:China
443:2008
440:0.91
422:11.9
419:2008
395:2009
371:2008
350:11.4
347:2021
323:2014
302:10.8
299:2012
278:65.1
275:2016
254:24.5
251:2015
244:Spain
230:18.4
227:2012
206:39.7
203:2012
196:Italy
182:83.9
179:2013
176:13.2
158:79.3
155:2014
152:17.0
131:Year
42:taxes
1981:and
1938:Port
1605:Ship
1552:Taxi
1415:Tram
1246:Rail
1147:list
878:2017
853:2016
828:2016
741:2015
668:2014
619:ISSN
553:and
505:and
485:The
446:1.7
416:1.4
398:6.1
392:1.6
374:5.8
368:1.7
344:3.7
320:2.5
296:2.8
272:9.2
248:5.1
224:5.8
200:7.6
1137:Bus
499:USA
326:17
2463::
2087:,
1023:.
997:.
976:.
880:.
830:.
676:^
658:.
613:.
609:.
549:,
76:.
64:,
2091:)
2083:(
1113:e
1106:t
1099:v
1057:.
1043:.
1009:.
962:.
931:.
900:.
855:.
784:.
743:.
718:.
670:.
625:.
615:5
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