7440:
the early Gurus. Identifying the castes, a general profile of the Panth's leadership may be reconstructed with the help of the 11th var of Bhai Gurdas. In fact, 11 stanzas of this ballad (Var 11:18–28) exclusively provide lists of the actual names and places of prominent followers of Guru Arjan. The Khatri caste (e.g. Sehgal, Ohri, Uppal, Julka, Bhalla, Passi, Khullar, Vohra, Vij, Kapur, Chaddha, Behl, Kohli, Marwah, Mehra, Soni, Jhanjhi, Sodhi, Beri, Nanda, Wadhawan, Tulli, and Puri sub-castes) was particularly prominent among the trading communities, and this was the caste to which all the Gurus belonged. There were certainly some
Brahmins (Tiwari Pandit, Wissa, Gopi, and Tulsia of Bhardwaj sub-caste, and Jagna Brahmin from Agra) among the Sikhs, and some outcastes – for instance, the name of Paira Chandal appears in the list of prominent Sikhs. There was a preponderance of Jats (e.g. Randhawa, Khehra, Dhillon, and Pannu sub-castes) among the cultivators, who were followed by members of the artisan castes, notably Tarkhans (
56:
2368:. Indian police responded to protestors with high-handed police methods creating state repression affecting a very large segment of Punjab's population. Police brutality resulted in retaliatory violence from a section of the Sikh population, widening the scope of the conflict by the use of violence of the state on its own people. A "state of chaos and repressive police methods" combined to create "a mood of overwhelming anger and resentment in the Sikh masses against the authorities". Leading to Sikh leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale gaining prominence and demands of independence gain currency, even amongst moderates and Sikh intellectuals. In 1982 and early 1983, extrajudicial killings by the police of orthodox Sikh youth in rural areas in Punjab provoked reprisals. Over 190 Sikhs had been killed in the first 19 months of the protest movement.
2575:
2114:
1293:
3700:
7805:(A former civil servant mentioned in his autobiography that weapon supplies had been sent from NWFP and money was supplied by Delhi-based politicians.) They had bands of stabbers and their auxiliaries, who covered the assailant, ambushed the victim and if necessary disposed of his body. These bands were subsidized monetarily by the Muslim League, and cash payments were made to individual assassins based on the numbers of Hindus and Sikhs killed. There were also regular patrolling parties in jeeps that went about sniping and picking off any stray Hindu or Sikh. ... Thousands of non-combatants including women and children were killed or injured by mobs, supported by the All India Muslim League.
1282:
2967:
4601:
3512:
3136:
4547:
4586:
4620:
4009:
2653:"Har, Har." All sins, misdeeds, and negativity shall be then erased. Then, at the rising of the sun, he is to sing Gurbani; whether sitting down or standing up, he is to meditate on the Lord's Name. One who meditates on my Lord, Har, Har, with every breath and every morsel of food and – that GurSikh becomes pleasing to the Guru's Mind. That person, unto whom my Lord and Master is kind and compassionate – upon that GurSikh, the Guru's Teachings are bestowed. Servant Nanak begs for the dust of the feet of that GurSikh, who himself chants the Naam, and inspires others to chant it.
1271:
1703:
3323:
518:
2757:
7520:), masons and goldsmiths. The name of a Muslim, Mian Jamal, figures prominently in the list of close associates (hazuri sikhs) of Guru Arjan. It should, however, be emphasized that Bhai Gurdas deals only with the more notable members of the Panth. These leaders will have had their own families, friends, and followers in large numbers from their particular areas, who collectively made up the general constituency of the Panth. On the one hand, there were rich merchants (like Seths and Sarrafs) in cities and towns and Chaudaris (
2296:. The Guru Ram Das Serai and Shiromani Akali Dal offices were also raided, and batons used and tear gas and shells were fired to disperse the protestors gathered on the periphery of the temple, damaging the periphery and Sarovar, or pool, of the temple. The government stopped volunteers on the way to the Golden Temple, and troops were ordered to flag-march through the bazaars and streets surrounding the site. Over 200 protestors were killed, thousands arrested, and thousands, including women and children, were injured.
3281:
2008:
4566:
3574:
40:
2106:
1953:
1992:
3344:
2864:
13305:
2460:
2343:. The resolution included both religious and political issues. It asked for recognising Sikhism as a religion, it also demanded the devolution of power from the Central to state governments. The Anandpur Resolution was rejected by the government as a secessionist document. Thousands of people joined the movement, feeling that it represented a real solution to demands such as a larger share of water for irrigation and the return of Chandigarh to Punjab.
3365:
1227:
3533:
3554:
3386:
3470:
13297:
3407:
2019:
3491:
3428:
3302:
2437:
3692:
estimation research. The Sikh population has the lowest gender balance in India, with only 903 women per 1,000 men according to the 2011 Indian census. The estimated world's Sikh population was over 30 million in 2020, and it will reach 42 million by 2050. It is expected to increase up to 62 million by 2100, given that the anticipated growth rate of 1.7% per year and adding at least 400,000 followers annually.
3449:
7782:
conferences in Lahore to condemn the Muslim League. Master Tara Singh, leader of the Akali Dal, declared that his party would fight
Pakistan "tooth and nail". Not be outdone, other Sikh political organizations, rivals to the Akali Dal, namely the Central Khalsa Young Men Union and the moderate and loyalist Chief Khalsa Dewan, declared in equally strong language their unequivocal opposition to the Pakistan scheme.
3262:
3236:
1641:
3675:
2031:
7530:) in villages; on the other, there were labourers and slaves, with artisans and craftsmen, petty shopkeepers and peasants in between. Not surprisingly, in terms of the social background and the economic means of its members, the Panth was far from homogenous. Nevertheless, the cultural patterns of different sections of Puniabi society played a significant role in the evolution of the Sikh Panth.
564:
3863:(communal meal). Therefore, wherever they could mobilize resources, the Sikh Dalits of Punjab have tried to construct their own gurdwara and other local level institutions in order to attain a certain degree of cultural autonomy. In 1953, Sikh leader and activist Master Tara Singh succeeded in persuading the Indian government to include Sikh castes of the converted untouchables in the list of
2332:
The industrial development was not done at the same pace as agricultural development, the Indian government had been reluctant to set up heavy industries in Punjab due to its status as a high-risk border state with
Pakistan. The rapid increase in the higher education opportunities without an adequate rise in the jobs resulted in the increase in the unemployment of educated youth.
410:
4089:" from the list of banned knives. The U.K. government passed an amendment by which Sikhs in the country would be allowed to carry kirpans and use them during religious and cultural functions. The bill was amended to ensure that it would not impact the right of the British Sikh community to possess and supply kirpans, or religious swords. Similarly, the
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and heroes. Reactions to the Lahore
Resolution were uniformly negative and Sikh leaders of all political persuasions made it clear that Pakistan would be "wholeheartedly resisted". The Shiromani Akali Dal, the party with a substantial following amongst the rural Sikhs, organized several well-attended
3649:
Although the rate of Sikh migration from the Punjab has remained high, traditional patterns of Sikh migration favouring
English-speaking countries (particularly the United Kingdom) have changed during the past decade due to stricter immigration laws. Moliner (2006) wrote that as a consequence of Sikh
2331:
in India was first introduced in Punjab as part of a development program issued by international donor agencies and the
Government of India. While, Green Revolution in Punjab had several positive impacts, the introduction of the mechanised agricultural techniques led to uneven distribution of wealth.
1675:
in the world. Canada is the only country where Sikhs comprise more than 2.1% of the population. With 25-30 millions, Sikhs represent less than 0.3% of the total world population in 2021. Many countries, such as Canada and the United
Kingdom, recognize Sikhs as a designated religion on their censuses,
8949:
The 18-month long Air India inquiry, led by former
Supreme Court justice John Major, pointed to Parmar as the chief terrorist behind the bombing. A separate inquiry, carried out by former Ontario NDP premier and Liberal MP Bob Rae, also fingered Parmar as the architect of the 1985 bombing that left
3695:
Since the Sikh growth rate dropped from 1.7% (16.9% in 1991 to 2001 estimate) to 0.8% (8.4% in 2001–2011) in 2011 report, hence based on their growth rate, their population in India will increase 196,316 (0.8% based on 2011 figures) per year and will reach 36 million in 2050, it expected to reach 52
3215:
As a religious minority, Sikhs have fought long and hard to get official status and to be counted in many countries across the world. Through the efforts of Sikh organisations and communities in their respective countries, there is now readily available population data on Sikhs as part of the census
7804:
On the same dates, Muslim League-led mobs fell with determination and full preparations on the helpless Hindus and Sikhs scattered in the villages of Multan, Rawalpindi, Campbellpur, Jhelum and
Sargodha. The murderous mobs were well supplied with arms, such as daggers, swords, spears, and firearms.
6405:
In
Nederland wonen zo'n 15.000 sikhs, die hier sinds de jaren zestig vanuit Afghanistan, Pakistan en India kwamen, op zoek naar werk of op de vlucht voor de Sovjets, de Taliban of de geradicaliseerde aanhangers van Indira Gandhi, nadat zij in 1984 door haar sikhlijfwacht was vermoord. Ons land telt
2275:
The Punjab Suba experienced heavy government crackdown with the Congress Government arresting as many as 21,000 people. Attempted negotiations with Congress-led the agitation to be adjourned twice, though Jawaharlal Nehru continued to reject the demand. On 4 July 1955, government police forces, led
7776:
No sooner was it made public than the Sikhs launched a virulent campaign against the Lahore Resolution. Pakistan was portrayed as a possible return to an unhappy past when Sikhs were persecuted and Muslims the persecutor. Public speeches by various Sikh political leaders on the subject of Pakistan
7439:
The 11th var of Bhai Gurdas is extremely useful for assessing the social constituency of the early Panth. Apart from this, there is no other contemporary source which can be used to determine the actual numbers and proportions of various groups within the constitution of the Panth in the period of
3112:
In the 1990s, the insurgency abated, and the movement failed to reach its objective due to multiple reasons including a heavy police crackdown on separatists, divisions among the Sikhs and loss of support from the Sikh population. However, various pro-Khalistan groups, both political and militant,
2652:
One who calls themself a Sikh of the Guru, the True Guru, shall rise in the early morning hours and meditate on the Lord's Name. Upon arising early in the morning, he is to bathe and cleanse himself in the pool of nectar. Following the Instructions of the Guru, he is to chant the Name of the Lord,
2548:
Although the art and culture of the Sikh diaspora have merged with that of other Indo-immigrant groups into categories like "British Asian", "Indo-Canadian" and "Desi-Culture", a minor cultural phenomenon that can be described as "political Sikh" has arisen. The art of diaspora Sikhs like Amarjeet
10066:"2011 National Household Survey: Data tables Religion (108), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (11), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey"
3691:
have the lowest adjusted growth rate of any major religious group in India, at 16.9 percent per decade (estimated from 1991 to 2001) and it has further declined to just 8.4 per cent in 2011 census report. Sikhs in the world have the lowest fertility rate of 1.6 children per women as per (2019–20)
2251:
Following partition, the Government of India had begun to redraw states corresponding to demographic and linguistic boundaries. However, this was not effective in the northern part of the country, as the government reconsidered redrawing states in the north. While states across the country were
2315:
rather than Punjabi as their primary language. The result was that Punjabi-speaking areas were left out of the new state and given to Haryana and Himachal Pradesh resulting in the state of Punjab to be roughly 35,000 square miles smaller than the Punjabi-speaking areas based on pre-1947 census
3581:
Note: Official statistics do not count unregistered arrivals or those who have not completed the census or surveys. However, they do provide for a much more accurate depiction of Sikh communities as opposed to estimates from various Sikh organisations whose estimates can vary vastly with no
4146:
is an Indian economist, academic, and politician who served as the 13th Prime Minister of India from 2004 to 2014. The first and only Sikh and non-Hindu in office, Singh was also the first prime minister since Jawaharlal Nehru to be re-elected after completing a full five-year term.
2517:
The Sikh Confederacy was the catalyst for a uniquely Sikh form of expression, with Ranjit Singh commissioning forts, palaces, bungas (residential places), and colleges in a Sikh style. Sikh architecture is characterised by gilded fluted domes, cupolas, kiosks, stone lanterns, ornate
7348:
The Sikh community grew rapidly in the sixteenth century. Nanak's earliest followers had been fellow Khatris engaged in petty trade, shopkeeping, or lower level civil service in the Lodi or Mughal bureaucracies. But as the movement grew, it experienced a significant influx of Jat
4565:
2563:
are two forms of Punjabi folk dancing which have been adapted and pioneered by Sikhs. Punjabi Sikhs have championed these forms of expression worldwide, resulting in Sikh culture becoming linked to Bhangra (although "Bhangra is not a Sikh institution but a Punjabi one").
2145:. The distinct turban that differentiates a Sikh from other turban wearers is a relic of the rules of the British Indian Army. The British colonial rule saw the emergence of many reform movements in India, including Punjab, such as the formation of the First and Second
8811:
Ever since the separatist movement gathered force in the 1980s, Pakistan has sided with the Sikhs, the territorial ambitions of Khalistan have at times included Chandigarh, sections of the Indian Punjab, including whole North India and some parts of western states of
5901:
According to Gallo (2013), by contrast, the Sikhs would number at least 100,000. Barbara Bertolani estimates in 2013 "My own data gathered within the Sikh community in Italy show Sikh people constituting about 70% of all the Indians present, i.e., at least 84,000
5820:
It is estimated that there are around 220,000 Sikh migrants in Italy. The community, however, has been largely invisible to native Italians. The majority of Sikhs are dairy workers, living far from the cities, and settled mainly in the farms of north and central
6195:
Sikhs (35,000), In recent years, the number of Indians (especially from Punjab/Haryana) has increased significantly owing to the easing of immigration norms by Portugal. However, since many of them do not have valid residency documents, official figures are not
2395:. This subsequently led to Gandhi's assassination by her Sikh bodyguards. Her assassination was followed by government-sponsored pogroms against Sikh communities across India and the killing of thousands of Sikhs throughout India. These events triggered an
5688:
estimated the Sikh American adult population to be 140,000 and the total population at 200,000 in 2012 while the World Religion Database at Boston University estimated the American Sikh population to be at 280,000 in 2012. Sikh organizations like the
6554:
5207:
4128:
wrote that the green revolution made the "negative and destructive impacts of science (i.e. the green revolution) on nature and society" invisible, and was a catalyst for Punjabi Sikh and Hindu tensions despite a growth in material wealth.
3645:
due to fear of persecution. Afghanistan was home to hundreds of thousands of Sikhs and Hindus as of the 1970s, but due to the wars in Afghanistan in the 2010s, the vast majority of Afghan Sikhs had migrated to India, Pakistan or the west.
2609:, and Raja Bhup Singh became a vassal of the Sikhs. With the Sikh kingdom of Lahore becoming the paramount power, some of the Pahari painters from Guler migrated to Lahore for the patronage of Maharaja Ranjeet Singh and his Sardars.
5257:
5845:
The total number of Indians in Italy has now crossed 200,000, making it the largest Indian diaspora in continental Europe and far greater than the 30,000 estimated in Spain. This Indian contingent is mainly made up of Punjabi Jat
2069:, including Christians, Muslims, and Hindus in positions of power. Its secular administration implemented military, economic, and governmental reforms. The empire is considered the zenith of political Sikhism, encompassing
2471:). Punjab has been called India's melting pot, due to the confluence of invading cultures from the rivers from which the region gets its name. Sikh culture is therefore a synthesis of cultures. Sikhism has forged a unique
4073:
The Sikh diaspora has been most successful in the UK, and UK Sikhs have the highest percentage of home ownership (82%) of any religious community. UK Sikhs are the second-wealthiest religious group in the UK (after the
2272:. Also, on 26 January 1950 Sikh representatives refused to sign the Indian constitution. As Sikhs were recognized as Hindus and Sikhs were not provided with scheduled castes concessions given to Hindu scheduled castes.
5697:
estimate the Sikh American population to be as high as 1,000,000, but do not provide any sources for these figures; 500,000 nevertheless remains the most cited Sikh American population size in news media. With 1% of
5680:, 194,640 Canadians declared Sikh as their ethnicity while 771,790 Canadians declared Sikh as their religion, indicating that the Sikh American population may be around 280,329, or 0.08% of the total population. The
3143:
Sikhs number about 26–30 million worldwide, of whom 24–28 million live in India, which thus represents around 90 percent of the total Sikh population. About 76 percent of all Indian Sikhs live in the northern
6681:
6050:
The Malaysian Sikh community is the fourth largest ethnic group of Malaysian Indians. It is estimated that over 100,000 Sikhs reside in Malaysia. The Sikh population is the largest here among Southeast and East
4109:. Indian Sikhs are employed in agriculture to a lesser extent; India's 2001 census found 39 per cent of the working population of the Punjab employed in this sector. According to the Swedish political scientist
3682:
Johnson and Barrett (2004) estimate that the global Sikh population increases annually by 392,633 (1.7% per year, based on 2004 figures); this percentage includes births, deaths, and conversions. Primarily for
7217:
4757:
Guru Nanak has mentioned in his first composition of Jap Ji Sahib, which is recited daily by all practicing Sikhs that all souls are to be treated with care and respect as Waheguru is the Giver of all souls.
5836:
3582:
statistically valuable source. Thus, official statistics and census data is highly important and Sikh communities continue to push for census inclusion in many countries where they are still not counted.
4402:. The Indian government does not release religious or ethnic origins of a military personnel, but a 1991 report by Tim McGirk estimated that 20% of Indian Army officers were Sikhs. Together with the
7173:
9320:
4382:
was compelled by a court order to allow two Sikhs to wear the turban and grow beards. This was a milestone for religious freedom and in the prevention of employment discrimination against Sikhs.
9084:
Reuters, The Sikh insurgency petered out in the 1990s. He told state leaders his country would not support anyone trying to reignite the movement for an independent Sikh homeland called Khalistan
2954:) to boost morale. Nagaras (usually two to three feet in diameter, although some were up to five feet in diameter) are played with two sticks. The beat of the large drums, and the raising of the
2299:
The Congress government agreed to the Punjab Suba in 1966 after protests and recommendation of the States Reorganisation Commission. The state of East Punjab was later split into the states of
6392:
2616:. The tenth Guru, Gobind Singh, left a deep impression on the followers of the new faith because of his courage and sacrifices. Hunting scenes and portraits are also common in Sikh painting.
9179:
11013:
7026:
5574:
Despite its relatively recent arrival in Chicago, Sikhism is the world's fifth-largest religion, with 25 to 30 million adherents around the globe and an estimated 500,000 in America today.
3650:
migration to the UK becoming "virtually impossible since the late 1970s," migration patterns evolved to continental Europe. Italy is a rapidly growing destination for Sikh migration, with
1826:(particularly the Sehgal, Ohri, Uppal, Julka, Bhalla, Passi, Khullar, Vohra, Vij, Kapur, Chaddha, Behl, Kohli, Marwah, Mehra, Soni, Jhanjhi, Sodhi, Beri, Nanda, Wadhawan, Tulli, and Puri
10558:
10236:
4063:, marking the first recorded hate-crime in America motivated by 9/11. CNN would go on to suggest an increase in hate crimes against Sikh men in the US and the UK after the 9/11 attacks.
1819:
to form a picture of the caste-makeup of the early Sikh community. At the time of the writing the Vaar, the early Sikh community was composed of various castes and backgrounds, such as:
3117:
to attract young people into militant groups. There have also been multiple claims that the movement is motivated and supported by the Pakistan's external intelligence agency, the ISI.
8404:
9952:
9868:
3003:
to serve as a homeland for Sikhs. The territorial definition of the proposed country Khalistan consists of both the Punjab, India, along with Punjab, Pakistan, and includes parts of
6465:
5999:
2913:(Persian for "peacock") was designed by Guru Hargobind, who supposedly heard a peacock singing and wanted to create an instrument mimicking its sounds. The dilruba was designed by
2379:
June with protestors practising civil disobedience by refusing to pay land revenue, water or electricity bills, and blocking the flow of grain out of Punjab. Indian Prime minister
3148:, forming a majority of about 58 per cent of the state's population, roughly around 16 million. Substantial communities of Sikhs live in the Indian states or union territories of
2498:
persecution of the Sikhs during the 17th and 18th centuries, the latter were concerned with preserving their religion and gave little thought to art and culture. With the rise of
1744:. Throughout his life, Guru Nanak was a religious leader and social reformer. However, Sikh political history may be said to begin in 1606, with the death of the fifth Sikh guru,
4985:
3853:
Some Sikhs, especially those belonging to the landowning dominant castes, have not shed all their prejudices against the Dalits. While Dalits were allowed entry into the village
3183:
Canada is home to the largest national Sikh proportion (2.1 percent of the total population) in the world. A substantial community of Sikhs exist in the western province of
5287:"Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2012 – Section 1: Population – Table 75: Self-Described Religious Identification of Adult Population: 1990, 2001, and 2008 (page 61)"
6283:
Sikhs, 25,000 (2020)....The "German Information Center for Sikh Religion, Sikh History, Culture and Science (DISR)" estimates the number of Sikhs in Germany at 18,000 for 2017
11039:
9979:
7218:"'Religion or belief': Identifying issues and priorities (Linda Woodhead with the assistance of Rebecca Catto) AHRC/ESRC Religion and Society Programme, Lancaster University"
10394:
9270:
6343:
4619:
4546:
4066:
In an attempt to foster Sikh leaders in the Western world, youth initiatives by a number of organisations exist. The Sikh Youth Alliance of North America sponsors an annual
3742:. The decadal growth of Sikhs is more in those countries as compared to the decadal growth of Sikh population in India, thus making them the fastest-growing religion there.
3594:
began in earnest during the second half of the 19th century, when the British completed their annexation of the Punjab, which led to Sikh migration throughout India and the
9529:
3187:, numbering nearly 300,000 persons and forming approximately 5.9 percent of the total population. This represents the third-largest Sikh proportion amongst all global
2848:: An iron blade in different sizes. In the UK, Sikhs can wear a small dagger, but in Punjab, they might wear a traditional curved sword from one to three feet in length.
10046:
9079:
7221:
6118:
6418:
10809:
10471:
9559:
9413:, Sikhism is the largest religion in Punjab and second in Chandigarh. These are the only two Indian states/UTs where Sikhism is one of the two most common religions.
2149:
in 1873 and 1879 respectively. The Sikh leaders of the Singh Sabha worked to offer a clear definition of Sikh identity and tried to purify Sikh belief and practice.
10952:
10890:
9929:
9724:
9288:
9232:
7141:
2826:
is a symbol of chastity, and also a symbol of cleanliness. It is also historically appropriate in battle due to increased mobility and comfort when compared to a
12496:
10754:
6572:
8787:
Such is the political, psychological and religious attachment of the Sikhs to that city that a Khalistan without Lahore would be like a Germany without Berlin.
3050:, where he began releasing stamps and currency of Khalistan. The inaction of the authorities in Amritsar and elsewhere was decried as a political stunt by the
2514:, there was a change in the landscape of art and culture in Punjab; Hindus and Sikhs could build decorated shrines without the fear of destruction or looting.
8374:
5787:
9476:
5917:
5138:
9595:"06326: Members of congregations in religious and philosophical communities outside the Church of Norway, by religion/philosophy 2006–2023. Statbank Norway"
7191:
4600:
2840:: An iron bracelet, a symbol of eternity, strength, and a constant reminder of the strength of will to keep hands away from any kind of unethical practices.
55:
10532:
9381:
6593:
6317:
5861:
9105:
10691:"The cause and effects of the Green Revolution in Punjab (India) – critical analysis of "The Violence of the Green Revolution" by Vandana Shiva (1991)"
9449:"Religion by visible minority and generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts"
5516:
Sikhism is the fifth largest religion in the world, and, today, there are more than 30 million Sikhs worldwide and an estimated 500,000 Sikh Americans;
5088:"Religion by visible minority and generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts"
8975:
6020:
5966:
5941:
8356:
6384:
2537:
the most obvious), and most Sikh artifacts—except for the relics of the Gurus—have a military theme. This theme is evident in the Sikh festivals of
11098:
Van Dyke, Virginia (2009). "The Khalistan Movement in Punjab, India, and the Post-Militancy Era: Structural Change and New Political Compulsions".
8430:
2280:
Ashwini Kumar, forced entry into the Golden Temple premises and heavy-handedly arrested protestors and took them into custody, along with the head
5503:
4866:
Founded some 500 years ago in the Punjab region of India, the faith has some 30 million adherents, making it the fifth largest religion worldwide.
4824:
11017:
9306:
6785:
6029:
Miri Indian Association president, Councillor Karambir Singh was quoted as saying by the Borneo Post. Malaysia has nearly 100,000 Sikh population
5975:
The vegan diet, the cult, the traditions. Customs and symbols of the 150,000 faithful of the religion born in India who now live in the Bel Paese
10659:
10302:
Notwithstanding social, linguistic, and religious diversity, the Jats are one of the major landowning agriculturalist communities in South Asia.
9356:
4585:
3765:
Along with Guru Nanak, other Sikh gurus had also denounced the hierarchy of the caste system, however, they all belonged to the same caste, the
9619:
5622:
5181:
4090:
3042:. He declared himself as the President of the council, and named Balbir Singh Sandhu as its Secretary General. In May 1980, Chohan traveled to
9338:
10690:
8408:
5446:
3097:
against the government of India. Indian security forces suppressed the insurgency in the early 1990s, but Sikh political groups such as the
2479:'s creative mysticism" and "is a mute harbinger of holistic humanism based on pragmatic spirituality". The American non-profit organization
9152:
5702:
being Sikh, and 90.7% of Sikh Americans being Asian American, the American Sikh population can be estimated around 280,000–500,000 in 2021.
5156:
371:
7115:
6132:
5763:
4454:, and 1,596 other awards. The highest-ranking general in the history of the Indian Air Force is a Punjabi Sikh, Marshal of the Air Force
2612:
The Sikh school adapted Kangra painting to Sikh needs and ideals. Its main subjects are the ten Sikh gurus and stories from Guru Nanak's
2037:(1841–1913), a senior British administrator who was posted to India during the British rule of Punjab, converted to Sikhism in the 1860s.
5739:
4973:
In the early 21st century there were nearly 25 million Sikhs worldwide, the great majority of them living in the Indian state of Punjab.
11196:
The Sikh Diaspora: Tradition and Change in an Immigrant Community (Asian Americans – Reconceptualising Culture, History, Politics)
5715:
2636:. The Nanak Math shrine at Balaju is managed by the Guru-Ji and the Udasin Akardha, a sect developed by Guru Nanak's son, Sri Chandra.
10108:
5528:
12500:
11043:
10625:
9001:
1257:
10411:
10122:
3610:
in 1972. Economics is a major factor in Sikh migration, and significant communities exist in the United Kingdom, the United States,
2574:
2414:
honoured Sikh Canadians with a commemorative stamp in conjunction with the anniversary. Likewise, on 9 April 1999, Indian president
1529:) as their last name. These unique last names were given by the Gurus to allow Sikhs to stand out and also as an act of defiance to
9987:
9893:
9752:
9501:
10921:
9027:
6934:
6335:
9537:
9423:
3981:
3868:
2252:
extensively redrawn on linguistic lines at the behest of linguistic groups, the only languages not considered for statehood were
2169:
2113:
1803:
opposed "the demand that the Sikhs set aside the distinctive customs of their castes and families, including the older rituals."
9563:
2487:
census as well, arguing that Sikhs "self-identify as an ethnic minority" and believe "that they are more than just a religion".
11884:
9767:
5592:
9738:
8871:
6993:
5870:
Today, Italy has the largest Sikh population in Europe, only second to the United Kingdom, with an estimated number of 220,000
12191:
11285:
11271:
11241:
10381:
10295:
10090:
9252:
8760:
8708:
8341:
8260:
8238:
8214:
8191:
8163:
8095:
8044:
8014:
7990:
7941:
7922:
7903:
7884:
7865:
7817:
Dutt, Amitava; Devgun, Surinder (23 September 1977). "Diffusion of Sikhism and recent migration patterns of Sikhs in India".
7769:
7372:
7314:
6918:
6081:
2467:
Sikh art and culture are nearly synonymous with that of Punjab, and Sikhs are easily recognised by their distinctive turban (
1949:), some were labourers, others were enslaved, whilst others still were artisans, craftsmen, shopkeepers, or simple peasants.
1292:
7051:
6429:
4189:. In Singapore, Kartar Singh Thakral expanded his family's trading business, Thakral Holdings, into assets totalling almost
4121:
and Kamboj or Kamboh, whose courage, perseverance, spirit of enterprise and muscle prowess proved crucial." However, Indian
2125:
After the annexation of the Sikh kingdom by the British, the British Army began recruiting significant numbers of Sikhs and
13332:
12905:
10585:
7174:"Sikhs to be counted as separate ethnic group in 2020 US Census; community hails recognition of distinct language, culture"
5286:
4459:
2189:
11069:
Fair, C. Christine (2005). "Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies: Insights from the Khalistan and Tamil Eelam Movements".
10481:
9772:. Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS): Laboratoire d'Anthropologie Urbaine/CNRS. abstract. Archived from
12028:
11991:
10655:
10329:
5672:
does not ask about religion, 70,697 Americans (or 0.02% of the total population) declared Sikh as their ethnicity in the
5232:
4919:
There are nearly 30 million Sikhs around the world today, and a vast majority of them live in the Indian state of Punjab.
4110:
3699:
3169:
6305:
The Sikh community in Greece, numbered at around 20,000 according to a 2012 report, joined together to mark the holy day
6100:
13342:
11449:
10762:
10246:
10010:
9253:"The source state: Out of approximately 30 million Sikhs in the world, the majority of them, 22 million, live in India"
8825:
8320:
5694:
4537:
4490:
3078:
2719:
2277:
5724:
it had chosen the city of Brixia because Italy had over 200,000 Sikhs living in the county with a majority in Brescia.
5368:
4703:
Sikhs comprise 1.7% (23,786,052) of India's total population of 1,399,179,585 per 2023 estimate by the World Factbook.
3093:) favouring the creation of Khalistan. Subsequently, a number of rebel militant groups in favour of Khalistan waged a
11327:
11257:
11203:
11190:
11176:
11163:
11149:
11135:
10864:
10825:
Kundu, Apurba (Spring 1994). "The Indian Armed Forces' Sikh and Non-Sikh Officers' Opinions of Operation Blue Star".
8905:
8835:
8806:
8782:
8735:
8496:
8471:
7966:
7707:
7673:
7578:
7432:
7341:
7255:
6976:
6769:
6744:
6530:
6475:
5894:
3762:
may still be practiced by some Sikhs, despite Guru Nanak's calls for treating everyone equally in Guru Granth Sahib.
3077:, a pro-Khalistani terrorist organization. In January 1986, the Golden Temple was occupied by militants belonging to
2783:) Sikhs are obliged to wear. The symbols represent the ideals of Sikhism: honesty, equality, fidelity, meditating on
1354:
1327:
531:
375:
8936:
6357:
5950:
Despite the estimated 220,000 Sikh immigrants who inhabit the Po Valley, there seems to a whiff of change in the air
13105:
10287:
10028:
6208:
4393:
2311:. However, there was a growing alienation between Punjabi Sikh and Hindu populations. The latter of which reported
10784:
9846:
8601:
7027:"Sikh Nationalism: From a Dominant Minority to an Ethno-Religious Diaspora | By Gurharpal Singh and Giorgio Shani"
5748:
That it had chosen the city of Brixia because Italy had over 200,000 Sikhs living in it with a majority in Brescia
5475:
1937:
The early Sikhs varied widely in their occupations and position in society's hierarchy: some were rich merchants (
12465:
12146:
11685:
7195:
4768:
Guru Nanak said that blessings are rained down when the lowly person, regardless of any background are cared for.
4592:
4529:
10960:
10898:
9374:
5796:
Italy has over 200,000 Sikhs who are active members of the Italian population, which is why this city was chosen
13337:
13204:
13199:
11248:
10476:
9502:"Australian Bureau of Statistics : 2021 Census of Population and Housing : General Community Profile"
8109:
Dutta, Swarup (June 2012). "Green Revolution Revisited: The Contemporary Agrarian Situation in Punjab, India".
7639:
7605:
7146:
3696:
million in 2100 given that the anticipated growth rate of 0.8% and adding at least 200,000 followers annually.
3606:
but many also to North America. Some Sikhs who had settled in eastern Africa were expelled by Ugandan dictator
3102:
2905:
as he accompanied Guru Nanak on his journeys. The jori and sarinda were introduced to Sikh devotional music by
2852:
is only a weapon of defense and religious protection, used to serve humanity and to be used against oppression.
12714:
11996:
10213:
9674:
8575:
6663:
6296:
5012:
4273:
1806:
1250:
10190:
6613:"A diversity with several levels: Kenyan politics of integration and the Kenyan minorities of Indian origin"
6041:
3105:
continued to pursue an independent Khalistan through non-violent means. Pro-Khalistan organisations such as
13075:
12023:
11874:
11827:
10724:
10167:
8979:
7271:
5926:
Up to 150,000 Sikhs now live there, making it the largest Sikh Community in Europe after the one in Britain
5317:
5113:
4849:
4644:
4048:
2605:
and appointed Sardar Desa Singh Majithia his governor of the Punjab hills. In 1813, the Sikh army occupied
2181:
2090:
1281:
7730:
13347:
12885:
12016:
8464:
Unsettling Sikh and Muslim Conflict: Mistaken Identities, Forced Conversions, and Postcolonial Formations
5648:
5293:
5236:
5211:
5114:"The Daily – The Canadian census: A rich portrait of the country's religious and ethnocultural diversity"
4521:
1752:
on 30 March 1699, when the Guru initiated five people from a variety of social backgrounds, known as the
1136:
10979:
The Land of Five Rivers: An Economic History of the Punjab from Earliest Times to the Year of Grace 1890
8682:"Sikh Reht Maryada, The Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India"
8664:"Sikh Reht Maryada, The Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India"
8650:"Sikh Reht Maryada, the Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India"
8437:
7697:
6718:"Sikh Reht Maryada, The Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India"
6700:"Sikh Reht Maryada, The Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India"
5618:
12679:
12346:
11926:
9953:"India's fertility rate dips below replacement level: What does it mean? | Business Standard News"
4379:
4262:
3106:
2628:
bridge at Balaju. Guru Nanak is said to have visited Nepal during his third Udasi while returning from
2624:
There is an old Sikh shrine called 'Prachin Guru Nanak Math', which lies at a small hill, just next to
2361:
2030:
6268:"Mitgliederzahlen: Sonstige – REMID – Religionswissenschaftlicher Medien- und Informationsdienst e.V."
4960:
3026:
venture. In 1971, the first explicit call for Khalistan was made in an advertisement published in the
12971:
12951:
12900:
12759:
12584:
12492:
12399:
12296:
12291:
12184:
10667:
9360:
4494:
4105:
Historically, most Indians have been farmers and 66 per cent of the Indian population are engaged in
3603:
3012:
2966:
2534:
2365:
2340:
838:
9627:
6119:"Punjabi Community Involved in Money Lending in Philippines Braces for 'Crackdown' by New President"
5185:
3046:
and announced the formation of Khalistan. A similar announcement was made by Balbir Singh Sandhu in
13080:
12956:
12935:
12286:
11710:
11539:
9448:
7777:
invariably raised images of atrocities committed by Muslims on Sikhs and of the martyrdom of their
6510:
5557:
5393:
5087:
4878:
4470:
3204:
3188:
3051:
1243:
1146:
1079:
12880:
10694:
9823:
8681:
6491:
6172:
5967:"Prayer at dawn, zero crime: this is how Sikhs live in Italy, after the sentence of the Cassation"
4485:(VC) were awarded to Sikhs, a per-capita regimental record. In 2002, the names of all Sikh VC and
3773:(Jatt), traditionally Agriculturist class in occupation. Despite being very small in numbers, the
3746:
has the highest proportion of Sikhs in the globe, which stands at 2.1% as of 2021, as compared to
3034:). By proclaiming the formation of Khalistan, he was able to collect millions of dollars from the
13269:
13246:
12844:
12356:
12331:
11966:
11769:
11594:
11569:
11476:
11454:
9787:
Ciprani, Ralph (14 May 2006). "Sikh Storia e immigrazione – The Sikhs: History and Immigration".
9424:"Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India"
8034:
7151:
5463:
Scholars and government officials estimate the Sikh American population to number around 500,000.
4114:
3135:
3055:
1996:
1672:
1084:
1004:
955:
920:
906:
64:
12865:
11249:
The Construction of Religious Boundaries: Culture, Identity, and Diversity in the Sikh Tradition
10810:
U.S. Marine Corps compelled to allow Sikh Americans to begin basic training with turbans, beards
10238:
The Construction of Religious Boundaries: Culture, Identity, and Diversity in the Sikh Tradition
9106:"New brand of Sikh militancy: Suave, tech-savvy pro-Khalistan youth radicalised on social media"
7665:
The Construction of Religious Boundaries: Culture, Identity, and Diversity in the Sikh Tradition
3781:
castes wield considerable influence within the Sikh community. Other common Sikh castes include
1493:, bequeathed by the tenth Guru and who does not owe allegiance to any other religion, is a Sikh.
13100:
12799:
12784:
12774:
12754:
12749:
12554:
12460:
12361:
12336:
11981:
11971:
11931:
11797:
10513:. The London School of Economics – The Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion. 29 January 2010
6812:
5372:
4684:
4414:, the Sikhs are one of the few communities to have exclusive regiments in the Indian Army. The
4407:
4398:
According to a 1994 estimate, Punjabi Sikhs and Hindus comprised 10 to 15% of all ranks in the
3723:
1513:) as their last name, though not all Singhs are necessarily Sikhs; likewise, female Sikhs have
1171:
10271:
9321:"Pak invites Sikh community to invest in commercial projects along Nankana-Kartarpur Corridor"
9130:
8725:
7331:
6136:
5885:
Bertolani, Barbara (2013). "The Sikhs in Italy: A Growing Heterogeneous and Plural Presence".
4907:
4579:. The bilingual postcard reads, "Gentlemen of India marching to chasten the German hooligans".
2364:, with its stated aim being the fulfillment of a set of devolutionary objectives based on the
13284:
13224:
13137:
12870:
12739:
12709:
12488:
12447:
11812:
11759:
11680:
11320:
8357:"Assassination in India: Sikhs at the centre of the drama; Sikh separation dates back to '47"
8153:
7956:
7362:
6908:
5450:
4895:"Sikhism is the world's fifth-largest religion, with 25–30 million adherents around the globe
4659:
4431:
4163:
3759:
2269:
2265:
2217:
2054:
2034:
1706:
1530:
1094:
1089:
60:
11705:
11695:
9180:"Pakistan ISI tapping into J&K terror network to fuel pro-Khalistan sentiments: Sources"
8554:
7629:
7595:
6612:
5048:
4008:
2316:
figures. Moreover, the 1966 reorganization left Sikhs highly dissatisfied, with the capital
13214:
13172:
13157:
13095:
13065:
12875:
12769:
12574:
12427:
12414:
12371:
12177:
12134:
12112:
11961:
11891:
11802:
11729:
11459:
9409:, Sikhism is the second-largest religion in British Columbia, Manitoba, and Yukon. Per the
9406:
7795:
6446:
6063:
5677:
4502:
4333:
4191:
4178:
4067:
4040:
3719:
3619:
3070:
2890:
2427:
2396:
2146:
2133:, the Sikhs stayed loyal to the British, resulting in heavy recruitment from Punjab to the
2042:
1681:
1564:
1388:
1201:
1176:
1166:
1141:
1049:
195:
45:
24:
11700:
10633:
10598:
10395:"Explained: Who are Nanak Naam Lewa, and why Kartarpur Corridor can't be limited to Sikhs"
9005:
8533:
6813:"The Sikhs – religion and nation. Chosen political and social determinants of functioning"
5699:
3602:
to help build railroads. Sikhs emigrated from India after World War II, most going to the
2982:
is a Sikh separatist movement, which seeks to create a separate country called Khalistān (
8:
13274:
13209:
13167:
13127:
13122:
13085:
12764:
12699:
12689:
12006:
11986:
11946:
11916:
11345:
10419:
9930:"India witnesses decline in population growth rate and fertility across religious groups"
7571:
Maharaja Ranjit Singh: Lord of the Five Rivers (French Sources of Indian History Sources)
6186:
5685:
5596:
5491:
There are an estimated 500,000 Sikhs living in the U.S., many in New York and California.
5321:
4781:
Guru Nanak had spoken we need to prize humility above all and thus caste is not an issue.
4478:
4212:
4177:
and the Thai-based JASPAL were founded by Sikhs. India's largest pharmaceutical company,
3599:
3475:
3062:
3038:. On 12 April 1980, he declared the formation of the "National Council of Khalistan", at
3031:
2384:
2209:
2197:
2134:
2066:
1685:
1404:
1270:
1211:
1161:
1151:
593:
10503:
9904:
8315:(1st ed.). Amritsar, Punjab: Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee. p. 198.
8310:
2168:
in 1925, which placed all the historical Sikh shrines in India under the control of the
1702:
13300:
13279:
13110:
13035:
12839:
12824:
12819:
12814:
12809:
12704:
12579:
12559:
12484:
12455:
12394:
12326:
12271:
12001:
11859:
11849:
11839:
11817:
11807:
11784:
11749:
11652:
11444:
11439:
11349:
11086:
10929:
10842:
10563:
10365:
10148:
9804:
9428:
9410:
9237:
9031:
8291:
8134:
7842:
6942:
6889:
6699:
6638:
6536:
5837:"How the recent Punjabi migration to Spain & Italy is a departure for the diaspora"
5681:
5422:
4721:
4674:
4266:
4186:
4052:
3638:
3634:
3126:
2979:
2692:
2672:
2221:
2213:
2208:
and the movement to create Pakistan, viewing it as inviting possible persecution, with
2193:
1697:
1453:
915:
882:
588:
583:
9710:
9584:"Population by religion, region and area, 2010" (PDF). NSO. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
8663:
8649:
6717:
6464:
Kaur, Arunajeet (6 December 2008). "The Evolution of the Sikh Identity in Singapore".
3069:. As proponents were able to generate funding from a grieving diaspora. In June 1985,
2917:
at the request of his followers, who wanted a smaller instrument than the taus. After
1575:
from the day of their initiation, and they must at all times have on their bodies the
13162:
12995:
12961:
12804:
12789:
12669:
12437:
12389:
12341:
12311:
12306:
11976:
11956:
11951:
11941:
11864:
11854:
11822:
11774:
11690:
11662:
11632:
11602:
11415:
11410:
11405:
11281:
11267:
11253:
11237:
11213:
11199:
11186:
11172:
11159:
11145:
11131:
11090:
11040:"India's High Commission in London 'Sikhs Pioneered Britain's Multi-Cultural Society"
10974:
10377:
10291:
10242:
9894:"Proportion and growth rate of population by religious communities, India, 1961–2001"
9808:
9433:
8901:
8831:
8802:
8778:
8756:
8731:
8704:
8492:
8467:
8316:
8210:
8159:
8126:
8040:
7962:
7846:
7834:
7765:
7703:
7669:
7635:
7601:
7574:
7428:
7368:
7337:
7310:
7251:
7059:
6972:
6914:
6881:
6842:
6765:
6740:
6642:
6630:
6540:
6526:
6471:
6387:[Seeing the light of God in the other, that's what the Sikhs are all about].
6249:
6158:
5890:
5811:
5644:
5261:
4713:
4649:
4639:
4557:
4498:
4356:
4254:
4243:
4227:
4197:
3927:
3782:
3715:
3658:
having significant Sikh population clusters. Italian Sikhs are generally involved in
3207:
in the world with Sikhism as the second most followed religion among the population.
3094:
2926:
2914:
2886:
2723:
2708:
2645:
2472:
2237:
2205:
2201:
1981:
1811:
1749:
1206:
1014:
663:
658:
653:
425:
11299:
9773:
9204:
8138:
5034:
1988:) As the Sikh faith grew, the Sikhs subsequently militarized to oppose Mughal rule.
1549:) and are often seen on the frontline to provide humanitarian aid across the world.
13308:
13234:
13194:
13027:
12966:
12734:
12694:
12684:
12674:
12589:
12564:
12518:
12470:
12432:
12404:
12384:
12379:
12321:
12316:
12281:
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12263:
12050:
12011:
11921:
11911:
11906:
11869:
11834:
11744:
11719:
11509:
11400:
11313:
11107:
11078:
10834:
9796:
8431:"Memorandum Regarding the Tabulation of Sikh Ethnicity in the United States Census"
8283:
8118:
7826:
7551:
7089:
7081:
7003:
6873:
6832:
6824:
6620:
6518:
6239:
6228:"Masculinity in the Sikh Community in Italy and Spain: Expectations and Challenges"
5673:
4737:
4729:
4679:
4669:
4439:
4239:
4174:
4155:
3971:
3864:
3858:
3727:
3688:
3517:
3184:
3177:
3098:
3008:
2806:
2625:
2328:
2300:
2293:
2253:
2185:
2086:
2082:
2046:
2023:
1867:
1651:
The Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent has been the historic homeland of the
1644:
1631:
1383:
1362:
1337:
1310:
1181:
1108:
950:
755:
725:
648:
547:
485:
481:
468:
464:
456:
448:
145:
10357:
8036:
Aspects of India's International Relations, 1700 to 2000: South Asia and the World
7306:
7093:
13238:
13177:
12930:
12890:
12834:
12744:
12664:
12422:
12351:
12301:
12224:
11936:
11901:
11896:
11844:
11764:
11466:
11434:
11426:
11222:
10139:
Jodhka, Surinder S (11–17 May 2002). "Caste and Untouchability in Rural Punjab".
8060:
7663:
7425:
Life and Work of Guru Arjan: History, Memory, and Biography in the Sikh Tradition
7243:
6964:
6786:"Sikhs to be counted as a separate ethnic group in 2020 US census for first time"
5418:
4533:
4443:
4352:
4344:
4337:
4321:
4297:
4247:
4151:
4097:
law banning the wearing of turbans by teachers and government officials in 2010.
3975:
3066:
2760:
2598:
2556:
2550:
2523:
2431:
2415:
2406:
in 1999, Sikhs worldwide celebrated the 300th anniversary of the creation of the
2392:
2321:
2257:
2241:
2012:
2007:
1535:
1277:, a British Sikh and the first woman to reach the South Pole solo and unsupported
1231:
1069:
700:
525:
503:
460:
10284:
Encyclopedia of Medical Anthropology: Health and Illness in the World's Cultures
8382:
4712:
Majority of Sikhs speak Punjabi or its various dialects as their mother tongue.
3598:. During the Raj, semiskilled Sikh artisans were transported from the Punjab to
13327:
13184:
12987:
12849:
12600:
12549:
12129:
12090:
12060:
11647:
11612:
11489:
11390:
10699:
10275:
9800:
9307:"Nearly 10 million Sikhs have lost their religion because of this organisation"
8122:
7597:
Between Colonialism and Diaspora: Sikh Cultural Formations in an Imperial World
7364:
When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699–1799
5690:
5397:
5347:
4525:
4482:
4427:
4423:
4348:
4309:
4293:
4143:
4015:
convoy passing over the bridge along Northern Relief Road (A124) in East London
3997:
3993:
3967:
3684:
3595:
3573:
3152:, where they number around 1.2 million and form 4.9 percent of the population,
3082:
3039:
2934:
2898:
2836:
2792:
2764:
2245:
2192:
and advocated for a united, secular country. Sikh organizations, including the
2153:
2142:
1938:
1599:
1583:
1028:
720:
715:
690:
638:
578:
472:
433:
125:
11082:
7555:
7192:"Anti-Discrimination (Amendment) Bill – 11/05/1994 – 2R COMM – NSW Parliament"
6522:
3113:
remain committed to the separatist movement. There are claims of funding from
13321:
13117:
12895:
12626:
12544:
12119:
11792:
11739:
11675:
11534:
11524:
11375:
11111:
9725:"Afghan Sikhs are targeted by the Taliban and unable to even bury their dead"
9054:
8130:
7838:
6885:
6846:
6828:
6634:
6253:
5343:
4572:
4513:
4508:
During World War I, Sikh battalions fought in Egypt, Palestine, Mesopotamia,
4435:
4415:
4235:
4219:
4201:
4138:
4125:
4024:
3989:
3651:
3591:
3245:
3192:
3157:
3145:
3130:
3114:
3086:
3074:
3035:
2922:
2731:
2700:
2676:
2629:
2491:
2484:
2453:
2391:
June prior to the Grain Roko morcha in order to remove Bhindranwale from the
2380:
2335:
In 1973 as a result, of unaddressed grievances and increasing inequality the
2308:
2289:
2130:
1965:
1835:
1737:
1664:
1554:
1533:, which the Gurus were always against. Sikhs strongly believe in the idea of
1490:
1285:
991:
981:
800:
785:
760:
735:
623:
563:
135:
11529:
10444:
6267:
3109:
are also active outside India, supported by a section of the Sikh diaspora.
2727:
2712:
2240:
to the east (modern India), mirroring a simultaneous religious migration of
935:
13040:
13000:
12829:
12636:
12569:
12244:
12219:
12214:
12107:
11879:
11734:
11607:
11574:
11395:
11380:
11227:
10279:
9218:
7299:
6625:
4955:
4664:
4626:
4611:
4536:, receiving 27 battle honours. Around the world, Sikhs are commemorated in
4517:
4486:
4447:
4411:
4305:
4281:
4258:
4223:
4182:
4159:
4012:
3963:
3951:
3879:
3758:
Sikhs have remained a relatively homogeneous ethnic group with exceptions.
3663:
2955:
2902:
2659:
2583:
2538:
2499:
2480:
2212:
instead favouring an undivided Azad Punjab as an independent Sikh State or
2062:
1677:
1396:
1274:
1021:
893:
888:
872:
780:
695:
643:
628:
429:
185:
11217:
10586:
Sikh Teachers Are Now Able to Teach in Oregon Public Schools « SALDEF
8151:
4778:, the Blessings of Your Glance of Grace rain down.", Guru Granth Sahib, 15
2418:
issued a stamp commemorating the 300th anniversary of the Khalsa as well.
2105:
1952:
1423:
1421:
873:
864:
855:
19:
This article is about an ethnoreligious group. For the Sikh religion, see
12925:
12779:
12729:
12659:
12631:
12621:
12616:
12523:
12200:
12163:
12141:
12070:
11627:
11559:
11554:
11519:
8937:"Jagmeet Singh Now Rejects Glorification of Air India Bombing mastermind"
5812:"The Continuing Struggle for Religious Freedom by Italy's Sikh Community"
5669:
4745:
4576:
4553:
4474:
4455:
4399:
4364:
4301:
4167:
4106:
3985:
3955:
3739:
3659:
3642:
3615:
3349:
3165:
2918:
2756:
2743:
2684:
2606:
2602:
2441:
2411:
2138:
2118:
2094:
2058:
1991:
1957:
1879:
1816:
1729:
1656:
1576:
1469:), the definition of Sikh is: Any human being who faithfully believes in
986:
945:
863:
825:
815:
795:
790:
775:
770:
740:
730:
705:
499:
493:
305:
215:
205:
9359:. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from
8623:
6244:
6227:
5447:"American Sikhs are targets of bigotry, often due to cultural ignorance"
1663:
has the largest national Sikh proportion (2.1%) in the world, while the
13264:
13256:
13189:
13090:
13070:
13050:
13010:
12794:
12528:
12234:
12229:
12085:
11754:
11724:
11637:
11622:
11544:
11514:
11494:
11385:
11370:
11365:
11357:
10846:
10369:
10152:
9028:"SAD (A) to Contest the Coming SGPC Elections on Khalistan Issue: Mann"
8295:
7830:
6893:
6837:
5479:
4931:
4850:"US Sikhs tirelessly travel their communities to feed hungry Americans"
4784:"One who takes pride in wealth and lands is a fool, blind and ignorant.
4725:
4451:
4372:
4329:
4289:
4285:
4231:
4205:
3173:
3023:
3000:
2906:
2878:
2872:
2751:
2688:
2613:
2579:
2476:
2317:
2285:
2216:, having passed the Sikh State Resolution in 1946. The Sikhs therefore
2057:. The Confederacy of these states was unified and transformed into the
1973:
1969:
1754:
1725:
1713:
1486:
1408:
1156:
1131:
1074:
1055:
1035:
976:
854:
820:
810:
805:
765:
633:
618:
613:
604:
93:
39:
11171:
by J. S. Grewal. Published by Cambridge University Press (1998).
8776:
The foreign policy of Pakistan: ethnic impacts on diplomacy, 1971–1994
6594:"Pakistan's Religious Minorities Say They Were Undercounted in Census"
4761:"The Guru has given me this one understanding: there is only the One,
4481:
totaled over 100,000 (20 per cent of the force). Until 1945, fourteen
4272:
Sikhs in Bollywood, in the arts in general, include poet and lyricist
13132:
12724:
12719:
12239:
12080:
11549:
11185:
by W. H. McLeod. Published by Columbia University Press (1989).
7761:
6861:
4717:
4509:
4360:
4325:
4317:
4313:
4122:
3959:
3845:
3796:
3735:
3623:
3370:
3328:
3153:
3016:
2704:
2633:
2587:
2357:
2336:
2268:
and the presentation for a Punjabi Suba as a policy in April 1948 by
1985:
1946:
1745:
848:
335:
325:
285:
155:
10838:
10358:
The Scheduled Castes in the Sikh Community: A Historical Perspective
9739:"Nearly 99% Of Hindus, Sikhs Left Afghanistan in Last Three decades"
9339:"B.C. breaks records when it comes to religion and the lack thereof"
8287:
6877:
5684:
estimated the adult Sikh American population at 78,000 in 2008. The
1589:
13229:
13060:
13055:
13045:
13017:
12095:
12065:
11670:
10992:
10123:"Why Sikhs ought to be happy, not worried : The Tribune India"
6385:"Het licht van God zien in de ander, daar gaat het om bij de sikhs"
5233:"Asian Indian Was The Largest Asian Alone Population Group in 2020"
4733:
4654:
4607:
4463:
4419:
4251:
4118:
4060:
4044:
3854:
3841:
3816:
3802:
3770:
3704:
3627:
3611:
3607:
3559:
3538:
3391:
3196:
3054:
party of Indira Gandhi by the Akali Dal, headed by the Sikh leader
3047:
2784:
2632:
in Tibet. Nanak is said to have stayed at Balaju and Thapathali in
2542:
2527:
2519:
2503:
2449:
2403:
2163:
2157:
2126:
2078:
1977:
1976:
was martyred on suspicion of helping in betrayal of Mughal Emperor
1925:
1849:
1845:
1839:
1733:
1416:
1226:
1126:
1116:
1064:
750:
535:
489:
365:
235:
175:
165:
11499:
9649:
9080:"India gives Trudeau list of suspected Sikh separatists in Canada"
2152:
The later years of British colonial rule saw the emergence of the
925:
538:, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Indic text.
11617:
11579:
11336:
8872:"Jagjit Singh Chauhan, Sikh Militant Leader in India, Dies at 80"
8375:"Canada Post to honour Sikh Canadians with a commemorative stamp"
8274:
Pettigrew, Joyce (1987). "In Search of a New Kingdom of Lahore".
5184:. Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. Archived from
4368:
4056:
4036:
3943:
3919:
3907:
3895:
3883:
3836:
3711:
3662:, agricultural processing, the manufacture of machine tools, and
3655:
3307:
3149:
3004:
2894:
2818:
2495:
2459:
2304:
2281:
2229:
2070:
1931:
1891:
1885:
1857:
1800:
1717:
1624:
1392:
940:
555:
413:
355:
345:
265:
20:
10871:(excerpts from talk by British High Commissioner Michael Arthur)
10732:
9594:
6209:"France's Sikh Minority Looks Set to Vote Against Marine Le Pen"
3061:
The movement flourished in the Indian state of Punjab following
2863:
2553:) is influenced by their Sikhism and current affairs in Punjab.
2160:
during the early 1920s. The movement led to the introduction of
13219:
13152:
13147:
12594:
12075:
12055:
11642:
11584:
11564:
11504:
11484:
10533:"U.K. gets a new law, secures rights of Sikhs to carry kirpans"
9219:"Sikhism | History, Doctrines, Practice, & Literature"
9205:"Sikh Population in World | Sikh Population in India 2023"
7634:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. pp. 107–109.
7082:"Athens. Dedication of Soldiers Honoring Generals, 111/0 B.C.?"
6133:"2011 Gurdwara Philippines: Sikh Population of the Philippines"
5035:"Sikh Population in World | Sikh Population in India 2023"
4403:
4277:
4094:
4086:
4075:
4028:
4020:
3947:
3939:
3931:
3915:
3903:
3899:
3891:
3887:
3829:
3823:
3806:
3786:
3774:
3766:
3743:
3731:
3412:
3286:
3043:
2992:
2971:
2844:
2798:
2768:
2747:
2696:
2680:
2591:
2560:
2507:
2468:
2445:
2407:
2233:
2225:
2074:
2000:
1942:
1903:
1823:
1796:
1788:
1770:
1741:
1721:
1660:
1640:
1608:
1593:
1572:
1400:
1121:
970:
965:
960:
930:
745:
710:
676:
393:
315:
295:
275:
245:
115:
12169:
10559:"UK gets new weapons act, secures Sikh right to carry kirpans"
10472:"Housing: Sikhs most likely to own their own homes | Religion"
9530:"2018 Census totals by topic – national highlights | Stats NZ"
9477:"Religion, England and Wales – Office for National Statistics"
8799:
Amritsar to Lahore: A Journey Across the India-Pakistan Border
6318:"Hong Kong stories: Getting to know the city's Sikh community"
6082:"2021 Report on International Religious Freedom: Saudi Arabia"
5139:"Religion, England and Wales – Office for National Statistics"
4000:, etc. who call themselves Nanakpanthis despite being Hindus.
3857:, in some gurdwaras, they were not permitted to cook or serve
3730:
there over the decades. Sikhism is fourth-largest religion in
3674:
2877:
The Sikhs have a number of musical instruments, including the
2436:
2018:
1768:), to form a collective body of initiated Sikhs, known as the
1343:
13142:
13005:
12124:
12100:
7702:. Very Short Introductions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
6734:
6388:
5942:"The Sikhs Spearheading The Italian Parmesan Cheese Industry"
5434:
Today there are well over 500,000 Sikhs in the United States.
4032:
3935:
3923:
3911:
3875:
3810:
3778:
3747:
3496:
3433:
3267:
3241:
3200:
3161:
2988:
2882:
2828:
2511:
2312:
1921:
1897:
1873:
1861:
1853:
1828:
1668:
1659:
for significant parts of the 18th and 19th centuries. Today,
1499:
685:
452:
383:
255:
105:
11266:
by Subhash Parihar, Delhi: Aryan Books International, 2009,
10626:"Agriculture and Allied Sector | Economy and Infrastructure"
7631:
Colonialism and Its Forms of Knowledge: The British in India
5831:
5829:
5716:"Over 40,000 Sikhs vote in secessionist Referendum in Italy"
4788:
One whose heart is mercifully blessed with abiding humility,
2713:
ambrosial hours of the morning (three hours before the dawn)
2533:
Sikh culture is influenced by militaristic motifs (with the
12040:
11280:
by R. M. Chopra, Anuradha Prakashan, New Delhi, 2015.
10352:
10350:
10064:
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (23 January 2019).
9447:
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (26 October 2022).
8512:
8204:
7734:
6151:
6042:"On the Gurdwara Trail in Malaysia: A Spiritual Experience"
5561:
5532:
5112:
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (26 October 2022).
5086:
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (26 October 2022).
4882:
4741:
3454:
2930:
2734:" and the verse "Pavan guru pani pita..." before sleeping.
2261:
2232:. This caused the religious migration of Punjabi Sikhs and
2050:
1909:
1680:
in the United States. The UK also considers Sikhs to be an
1652:
1515:
1476:
Ten Gurus, from Guru Nanak Sahib to Guru Gobind Singh Sahib
225:
11305:
11236:
by R. M. Chopra, 2014, Sparrow Publication, Kolkata,
10660:"West and East Punjab Agriculture: A Comparison | Comment"
10330:"Sikhism | History, Doctrines, Practice, & Literature"
9153:"ISI trying to revive Khalistan movement, says government"
8250:
8248:
8207:
Expanding Governmental Lawlessness and Organized Struggles
6101:"Sikhs in UAE hail country's year of 'respect, inclusion'"
3984:, says that there are several communities within the term
12151:
10688:
10588:. Saldef.org (2 April 2010). Retrieved on 6 October 2011.
8004:
8002:
8000:
7958:
Identity and Survival: Sikh Militancy in India, 1978–1993
7052:"Sikh Reht Maryada: Sikh Code of Conduct and Conventions"
6906:
5826:
4853:
4625:
Japanese soldiers shooting blindfolded Sikh prisoners in
4208:
3726:. The growth is mainly contributed by the immigration of
2601:
of painting. In 1810, Ranjeet Singh (1780–1839) occupied
2346:
After unsuccessful negotiations the Dharam Yuddh Morcha (
1792:
1316:
409:
10347:
8978:. Amnesty International. 20 January 2003. Archived from
8851:
8228:
8226:
7116:"Key Findings From the Global Religious Futures Project"
6617:
Les Cahiers d'Afrique de l'Est / The East African Review
3871:, 20 of the 140 seats are reserved for low-caste Sikhs.
3195:
and Chandigarh in India. Furthermore, British Columbia,
2065:. This era was characterised by religious tolerance and
9289:"Why Sikhism as registered religion in Austria matters"
9271:"Why Sikhism As Registered Religion in Austria Matters"
9233:"Why Sikhism as registered religion in Austria matters"
8245:
8152:
Sumit Ganguly; Larry Diamond; Marc F. Plattner (2007).
7542:
McLeod, Hew (1987). "Sikhs and Muslims in the Punjab".
6555:"Why Sikhism as registered religion in Austria matters"
6358:"Sikh Gurdwara discovered by 'intrepid' local reporter"
5545:
There are more than 500,000 Sikhs in the United States.
4794:
O Nanak, is liberated here, and obtains peace hereafter
2730:(early morning) and to recite the late evening prayer "
2292:, volunteer protestors, and even cooks of the temple's
1809:
analyzed references made within the 11th ballad of the
10755:"India's Richest: #24 Malvinder & Shivinder Singh"
9950:
9675:"Table − 1: Population by Religion and sex, NPHC 2021"
8329:
8083:
7997:
7980:
7978:
7929:
7872:
6811:
Barwiński, Marek; Musiaka, Łukasz (30 December 2019).
5772:
About 200,000 Sikhs live in different cities of Italy.
3210:
2940:
When they marched into battle, the Sikhs would play a
2814:
to always also keep one's hair clean and well-groomed.
9753:"Little reason to migrate to India, say Afghan Sikhs"
9030:. PunjabNewsline.com. 14 January 2010. Archived from
8223:
7961:. London, United Kingdom: Penguin Books. p. 60.
7668:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 494.
7573:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 23–29.
5081:
5079:
5077:
5075:
5073:
5071:
3216:
or official statistics in the following territories:
3203:
hold the distinction of being three of the only four
2787:, and never bowing to tyranny. The five symbols are:
1373:
1355:
1346:
1340:
1328:
1319:
1313:
11144:
by Khushwant Singh. Oxford India Paperbacks (2005).
11130:
by Sangat Singh, Noel Quinton King. New York, 1995.
10981:. London: Oxford University Press. pp. 216–217.
10412:"Hate crime reports up in wake of terrorist attacks"
10091:"What is the Fastest Growing Religion in Australia?"
10063:
10047:"We need to worry about the decline in Sikh numbers"
9869:"We need to worry about the decline in Sikh numbers"
9847:"Italy may open VISA office in Chandigarh very soon"
9471:
9469:
9446:
9440:
8179:
7853:
7600:. United states: Duke University Press. p. 66.
7194:. Parliament.nsw.gov.au. 11 May 1994. Archived from
7171:
6000:"Gobind Singh Deo is Malaysia's first Sikh minister"
5880:
5878:
5111:
5085:
5007:
5005:
4078:
community), with a median total household wealth of
2475:, which S. S. Bhatti described as "inspired by
1676:
and, as of 2020, Sikhs are considered as a separate
63:
listening to Guru Granth Sahib being recited at the
10858:
10856:
9711:
http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-253167/Sikhism
9399:
8895:
7975:
7910:
7891:
6860:Crawford, S. Cromwell; Singh, Harbans (July 1971).
6509:Montes, Enrico Castro; Goddeeris, Idesbald (2020).
5918:"Why the Indian government must help Italian Sikhs"
5504:"April 2022: Sikh Awareness and Appreciation Month"
4986:"Sidhu wrongly quotes Sikh population as 14 crores"
4825:"April 2022: Sikh Awareness and Appreciation Month"
4387:
11234:The Philosophical and Religious Thought of Sikhism
11198:by Michael Angelo. Published by Routledge (1997).
10785:"Singapore's 40 Richest: #25 Kartar Singh Thakral"
10693:. Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen. Archived from
9263:
9072:
8925:. Delhi & Punjab: Amar Prakashan. p. 114.
7298:
7250:. India: Oxford University Press. pp. 12–13.
5912:
5910:
5619:"2020 National Sikh American Survey: Key Findings"
5068:
4571:French postcard depicting the arrival of the 15th
4505:was instrumental in campaigning for the memorial.
2779:) are five articles of faith which all initiated (
2399:which would consume Punjab until the early 1990s.
1671:has the largest Sikh proportion (58%) amongst all
1482:The utterances and teachings of the ten Gurus and
10973:
10011:"There could be more Sikhs in the future – maybe"
9769:Migration Patterns – Workshop on Indian Migration
9466:
8994:
8792:
7749:
7367:. Oxford University Press. pp. 42, 47, 184.
6470:. ISEAS–Yusof Ishak Institute. pp. 275–297.
6336:"Kuwait To Seek Closure Of "Illegal" Sikh Temple"
6297:"Vibrant Vaisakhi Celebrates Sikh Life In Greece"
5875:
5758:
5756:
5740:"Around 45,000 Sikhs vote in Referendum in Italy"
5734:
5732:
5002:
4489:recipients were inscribed on the monument of the
2683:Sikhs must recite or listen to the recitation of
2549:Kaur Nandhra, and Amrit and Rabindra Kaur Singh (
13319:
11264:Architectural Heritage of a Sikh State: Faridkot
10853:
10623:
8727:Globalization and Religious Nationalism in India
7329:
6810:
5856:
5854:
5208:"Does the Census Bureau have data for religion?"
4765:. May I never forget Him!", Guru Granth Sahib, 2
4166:; and physicist, science writer and broadcaster
3992:, "There are groups like Sikhligarh, Vanjaarey,
2822:: Cotton undergarments, worn by both sexes; the
2545:, which feature marching and displays of valor.
2522:, and square roofs. A pinnacle of Sikh style is
11252:– H Oberoi – 1994 University of Chicago Press,
11212:by R. M. Chopra, Sanbun Publishers, 2001,
9980:"Census shocker: Sikhs report lowest sex ratio"
9903:. CensusIndia. 6 September 2004. Archived from
9693:Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency
7002:] (in Punjabi). p. 720. Archived from
6508:
5907:
3637:in 1947, many Sikhs from what would become the
3085:. On 26 January 1986, a gathering known as the
2218:strongly fought against the partition of Punjab
2175:
10865:"The success story that UK's 4 lakh Sikhs are"
10109:"Sikhs fastest-growing minority in NZ: Census"
9766:Moliner, Christine (2006). "Sikhs in France".
8961:Sikh Temple Sit-In Is a Challenge for Punjab,
8755:. Pennsylvania State University. p. 364.
8028:
8026:
8024:
6971:. India: Oxford University Press. p. 15.
6764:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 5.
5753:
5729:
5623:Sikh American Legal Defense and Education Fund
4837:there are more than 30 million Sikhs worldwide
4091:Sikh American Legal Defense and Education Fund
3874:Other castes (over 1,000 members) include the
3750:which stands at 1.7% as of 2011 respectively.
3139:Global map of Sikh population (estimated 2023)
12185:
11321:
10504:"An Anatomy of Economic Inequality in the UK"
8869:
6859:
6817:Studia z Geografii Politycznej i Historycznej
6739:. Oxford Handbooks. OUP Oxford. p. 380.
5862:"How Sikhs saved the Italian cheese industry"
5851:
5806:
5804:
5281:
5279:
5027:
4269:, former Indian cricketer-turned-politician.
4196:and is Singapore's 25th-richest person. Sikh
4173:In business, the UK-based clothing retailers
3089:(a de facto parliament) passed a resolution (
1251:
11061:
10803:
10722:
10439:
10437:
10406:
10404:
10134:
10132:
10083:
9522:
7810:
7755:
6008:Malaysia has nearly 100,000 Sikh population.
5936:
5934:
3156:(872,000 or 1.3 percent of the population),
2974:protesting against Indian government actions
2796:: Uncut hair, usually tied and wrapped in a
11142:A History of the Sikhs: Volume 1: 1469–1838
10214:"Sri Guru Granth Sahib Translation, p. 278"
9098:
8830:. Discovery Publishing House. p. 169.
8703:. Oxford University Press. pp. 40–43.
8198:
8021:
7272:"The Khalsa | History of Sikhism | Sikhism"
7236:
5788:"Thousands of Sikhs attend parade in Italy"
5782:
5780:
5710:
5708:
5645:"DP05ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates"
5312:
5310:
5258:"Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population"
4218:In sports, Sikhs include England cricketer
2958:, meant that the Singhs were on their way.
1647:– the world's largest sarovar (sacred pool)
1452:According to Article I of Chapter 1 of the
12192:
12178:
11328:
11314:
10953:"Sikh Regiment Dumped over 'Racism' Fears"
10689:Guus Geurts Studentnummer (5 March 2001).
10318:. Princeton University Press. p. 155.
10191:"Sri Guru Granth Sahib Translation, p. 15"
8817:
8486:
8145:
7816:
7593:
7544:South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies
6862:"Guru Nanak and Origins of the Sikh Faith"
6226:Garha, Nachatter Singh (6 February 2020).
5801:
5506:. State of Michigan Office of the Governor
5276:
4943:There are over 30 million Sikhs worldwide.
4827:. State of Michigan Office of the Governor
4132:
4059:by a man who took Sodhi to be a member of
2771:: three of the five Sikh articles of faith
2597:Sikh painting is a direct offshoot of the
1258:
1244:
16:Ethnoreligious group who adhere to Sikhism
12501:List of battles involving the Sikh Empire
11183:The Sikhs: History, Religion, and Society
10820:
10818:
10480:. UK Statistics Authority. Archived from
10434:
10401:
10168:"Sri Guru Granth Sahib Translation, p. 2"
10129:
10009:Singh, Rupinder Mohan (28 January 2016).
9357:"Population by religion community – 2011"
9002:"The Tribune, Chandigarh, India – Punjab"
8744:
8534:"Singh Twins Art Launches Liverpool Fest"
8489:Punjab Painting: Study in Art and Culture
8340:sfn error: no target: CITEREFGrewal1998 (
8273:
8094:sfn error: no target: CITEREFGrewal1998 (
8013:sfn error: no target: CITEREFGrewal1998 (
7940:sfn error: no target: CITEREFGrewal1998 (
7883:sfn error: no target: CITEREFGrewal1998 (
7787:
7756:Kudaisya, Gyanesh; Yong, Tan Tai (2004).
7723:
6900:
6836:
6624:
6243:
5960:
5958:
5931:
5884:
4948:
4697:
4085:In May 2019, the UK government exempted "
1748:. Religious practices were formalised by
1395:, a religion that originated in the late
11128:The Sikhs in History: A Millennium Study
11097:
10919:
10418:. CNN. 17 September 2001. Archived from
10211:
10188:
10165:
9888:
9886:
9759:
9560:""Religion by Ethnic in Singapore 2020""
8976:"Amnesty International report on Punjab"
8857:
8750:
8723:
8555:"Bhangra & Sikhi by Harjinder Singh"
8466:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 32.
8259:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKarim1991 (
8237:sfn error: no target: CITEREFBakke2015 (
8190:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKarim1991 (
8039:, Pearson Education India, p. 484,
7758:The Aftermath of Partition in South Asia
7172:Press Trust of India (15 January 2020).
6735:Pashaura Singh; Louis E. Fenech (2014).
6382:
5777:
5705:
5369:"H. RES. 275–118th Congress (2023–2024)"
5307:
4343:Sikhs in Punjabi Music industry include
4007:
3996:, Lubaney, Johri, Satnamiye, Udaasiyas,
3698:
3673:
3572:
3134:
2965:
2862:
2858:
2755:
2573:
2483:has fought to have Sikh included on the
2458:
2444:, about 1880, by an unknown artist from
2435:
2356:) was launched on 4 August 1982, by the
2112:
2104:
2100:
2029:
2017:
2006:
1990:
1951:
1701:
1639:
1571:), an initiation ceremony, are known as
1291:
1280:
1269:
10950:
10654:
10263:
9786:
9765:
8698:
8576:"Guru Nanak Math On Verge Of Vanishing"
8405:"The Magnificence of Sikh Architecture"
8308:
7954:
7948:
7921:sfn error: no target: CITEREFDeol2000 (
7902:sfn error: no target: CITEREFDeol2000 (
7864:sfn error: no target: CITEREFDoad1997 (
7794:Abid, Abdul Majeed (29 December 2014).
7695:
7562:
7418:
7416:
7414:
7412:
7410:
7408:
7406:
7404:
7056:Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
7024:
6935:"Institute of Sikh Studies, Chandigarh"
6515:Handbook of Hinduism in Europe (2 vols)
6480:– via Cambridge University Press.
4469:Sikhs supported the British during the
4434:(equivalent to the Victoria Cross), 15
4047:. Several days after the 9/11 attacks,
3982:Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee
3869:Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee
2703:. Every Sikh is also supposed take the
2324:and the capital of Punjab and Haryana.
2170:Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
1787:The early followers of Guru Nanak were
1588:, uncut hair usually kept covered by a
13320:
11014:"UK Government Report on the memorial"
10922:"Marshal of the Air Force Arjan Singh"
10897:. London. 24 June 2007. Archived from
10815:
10269:
10234:
10138:
9977:
9951:Krishna Veera Vanamali (18 May 2022).
9901:Office of the Registrar General, India
9815:
9620:"Religion – Fiji Bureau of Statistics"
8950:329 people dead 268 of them Canadians.
8896:Nayar, Kuldip; Kushwant Singh (1985).
8823:
8602:"Gurudwara Guru Nanak Math, Kathmandu"
8335:
8089:
8008:
7989:sfn error: no target: CITEREFBal1985 (
7935:
7878:
7661:
7568:
7541:
7402:
7400:
7398:
7396:
7394:
7392:
7390:
7388:
7386:
7384:
7360:
7333:India in the Persianate Age: 1000–1765
7113:
5955:
2810:: A wooden comb, usually worn under a
2675:(Code of Conduct) clearly states that
12173:
11309:
10824:
10511:Report of the National Equality Panel
10008:
9883:
9844:
9177:
8920:
8254:
8232:
8209:. Popular Prakashan. pp. 64–66.
8185:
8108:
8065:South Asian Graduate Research Journal
7422:
7296:
7242:
6991:
6963:
6294:
6225:
6159:"Losing our religion | Stats NZ"
5593:"Asian Americans: A Mosaic of Faiths"
4466:regiment were scrapped in June 2007.
4265:, World Cup winning off spinner; and
4234:; former Indian hockey team captains
3980:Karnail Singh Panjoli, member of the
2961:
2726:orders his followers to arise during
2526:(also known as the Golden Temple) in
1382:
11068:
9821:
9667:
9642:
9612:
9552:
9494:
9052:
8491:. Abhinav Publications. p. 13.
8461:
8354:
8348:
8312:Truth about Punjab: SGPC White Paper
8205:Akshayakumar Ramanlal Desai (1991).
7916:
7897:
7859:
7793:
7627:
7248:The Illustrated History of the Sikhs
7142:"Religion in England and Wales 2011"
6969:The Illustrated History of the Sikhs
6759:
6610:
6463:
5476:"Sikhs in America:A History of Hate"
4117:was the "Sikh cultivator, often the
2452:, and used to decorate the walls of
2375:was planned and to be initiated on 3
2220:. The months leading up to the 1947
1612:, a dagger-like sword tucked into a
100:Regions with significant populations
48:, a common symbol of the Sikh people
10599:"World Bank Loan for India Farmers"
10469:
10445:"Sikhs Urging Action on Faith Hate"
10313:
9845:Singh, Kulwinder (11 August 2007).
9387:from the original on 21 August 2017
9375:"Census of India 2011 – Chandigarh"
9131:"Sikh separatists 'funded from UK'"
8624:"Sri Guru Granth Sahib Translation"
8032:
7984:
7381:
7139:
6737:The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies
6191:Embassy of India (Lisbon, Portugal)
6098:
6021:"Malaysia gets first Sikh minister"
5887:Globalizing Belief, Localizing Gods
3714:is the fastest growing religion in
3220:Census data / official statistics:
3211:Census data and official statistics
2933:. This type of singing is known as
1984:was martyred by the Mughal Emperor
13:
11120:
10761:. 16 November 2006. Archived from
9691:"MS-B21: Religion – full detail".
9004:. Tribuneindia.com. Archived from
8701:Sikhism: A Very Short Introduction
8309:Dhillon, Gurdarshan Singh (1996).
7699:Sikhism: A Very Short Introduction
7569:Lafont, Jean-Marie (16 May 2002).
6907:Nikky-Guninder Kaur Singh (2011).
6686:webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk
5964:
5764:"Sikhs vote in referendum in Rome"
5695:American Sikh Congressional Caucus
4512:and France. Six battalions of the
4460:United Kingdom Ministry of Defence
3079:All India Sikh Students Federation
2421:
2093:, expanded the confederacy to the
1945:), others were heads of villages (
1684:people, as a direct result of the
14:
13359:
11293:
10993:"Memorial Gates Official Website"
10316:South Asian Politics and Religion
10288:Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers
9932:. The News Minute. 4 October 2021
9824:"Now, Sikhs Do a Canada in Italy"
8513:"Art and Culture of the Diaspora"
8058:
7460:). In addition, there were Nais (
7114:Nadeem, Reem (21 December 2022).
7086:Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum
6611:Adam, Michel (1 September 2013).
6346:from the original on 27 May 2023.
5558:"A Brief Introduction to Sikhism"
5182:"Religion – Full Detail: QS218NI"
5157:"Religion (detailed): All people"
4879:"A Brief Introduction to Sikhism"
4556:, marching with their scripture,
4242:.; former Indian cricket captain
4150:Notable Sikhs in science include
4113:, a factor in the success of the
4027:countries have been mistaken for
13304:
13303:
13295:
13106:Sikhs in the British Indian Army
11158:by Patwant Singh. Image (2001).
11032:
11006:
10985:
10967:
10944:
10913:
10883:
10777:
10747:
10716:
10682:
10648:
10617:
10591:
10579:
10551:
10525:
10496:
10463:
10387:
10322:
10307:
10241:. Chicago: Oxford. p. 109.
10228:
10205:
10182:
10159:
10115:
10101:
10057:
10039:
10021:
10002:
9978:Tandon, Aditi (27 August 2015).
9971:
9944:
9922:
9861:
9838:
9780:
9745:
9731:
9717:
9698:
9685:
9587:
9578:
9416:
9367:
9349:
9331:
9313:
9299:
9281:
9245:
9225:
9211:
9197:
9171:
9145:
9123:
9046:
9020:
8968:
8955:
8929:
8914:
8889:
8863:
8769:
8717:
8692:
8674:
8656:
8642:
8616:
8594:
8568:
8547:
8526:
8505:
8480:
8455:
8423:
8397:
8367:
8302:
8267:
8102:
8052:
7689:
7655:
7621:
7587:
7535:
7354:
7323:
7290:
7264:
7210:
6467:Religious Diversity in Singapore
6395:from the original on 24 May 2022
5889:. Brill Publishers. p. 75.
4751:
4618:
4599:
4584:
4564:
4545:
4394:Sikhs in the British Indian Army
4388:In the Indian and British armies
4261:, World Cup winning allrounder;
3707:, or elocution of Sikh Scripture
3641:migrated to India as well as to
3552:
3531:
3510:
3489:
3468:
3447:
3426:
3405:
3384:
3363:
3342:
3321:
3300:
3279:
3260:
3234:
2639:
2264:. Leading to the launch of the
2085:, the commander-in-chief of the
1336:
1309:
1225:
562:
516:
408:
54:
38:
13296:
12199:
12147:Contemporary Sant Mat movements
11071:Nationalism and Ethnic Politics
10862:
10362:Economic & Political Weekly
8923:Khalistan: An Academic Analysis
8870:Haresh Pandya (11 April 2007).
8827:Sikhism and Indian Civilization
8061:"The Language Divide in Punjab"
7760:. Abingdon-on-Thames, England:
7184:
7165:
7133:
7107:
7074:
7044:
7018:
6985:
6957:
6927:
6853:
6804:
6778:
6753:
6728:
6710:
6692:
6674:
6656:
6604:
6586:
6565:
6547:
6502:
6492:"Orang-orang Sikh di Indonesia"
6484:
6457:
6439:
6411:
6376:
6350:
6328:
6310:
6288:
6260:
6219:
6201:
6179:
6165:
6125:
6111:
6092:
6074:
6056:
6034:
6013:
5992:
5986:
5980:
5662:
5637:
5611:
5585:
5579:
5550:
5521:
5496:
5468:
5439:
5411:
5386:
5361:
5336:
5250:
5225:
5200:
5174:
5149:
5131:
5105:
5062:
5041:
4706:
4226:; his son, professional golfer
3577:2011–2021 change in Sikh %
3120:
3071:Air India Flight 182 was bombed
3022:Khalistan movement began as an
2248:to the west (modern Pakistan).
2224:were marked by conflict in the
1997:Samadhi of Emperor Ranjit Singh
13200:Sikhism and sexual orientation
10951:Rayment, Sean (24 June 2007).
10477:Office for National Statistics
9053:Punj, Balbair (16 June 2005).
8355:Pace, Eric (1 November 1984).
8155:The State of India's Democracy
7147:Office for National Statistics
7000:Gur Shabad Ratnakar Mahan Kosh
6383:Lawrence, Mary (22 May 2022).
6295:Lavin, Talia (26 April 2015).
5162:. National Records of Scotland
4996:
4978:
4932:"Guru Nanak Religious Society"
4924:
4900:
4871:
4842:
4817:
4100:
1791:, but later a large number of
1709:, the birthplace of Guru Nanak
1:
10141:Economic and Political Weekly
9727:. The Week. 12 November 2019.
8381:. The Tribune. Archived from
7336:. Penguin. pp. 168–169.
7319:– via Internet Archive.
7094:10.1163/1874-6772_seg_a40_177
7031:Pacific Affairs (UBC Journal)
6913:. I.B. Tauris. pp. 61–.
6760:Mann, Gurinder Singh (2001).
6573:"Sikh population in Pakistan"
5529:"Want to know about Sikhism?"
4806:
4438:, 5 COAS Unit Citations, two
4418:is one of the most-decorated
4274:Rajkavi Inderjeet Singh Tulsi
4023:and keep beards, Sikh men in
2190:oppose the partition of India
2137:for the next 90 years of the
2117:“Sikh Sardar”, photograph by
1552:Sikhs who have undergone the
1407:, based on the revelation of
77:
10812:in PBS' Nation, Jan. 6, 2023
9184:www.thehindubusinessline.com
9178:Singh, Dalip (15 May 2022).
8900:. Vision Books. p. 51.
6762:The Making of Sikh scripture
6406:inmiddels negen gurdwara's.
4811:
4732:; Sikh coins were minted in
4645:Sikhism in Jammu and Kashmir
4591:Indian Sikh soldiers in the
4230:; Indian wrestler and actor
3734:, fifth-largest religion in
3585:
3176:(138,000, 13.1 percent) and
2440:Opaque watercolour-on-paper
2182:Indian independence movement
2176:Partition and post-Partition
1716:(1469–1539), the founder of
1628:, a cotton undergarment; and
1604:, an iron or steel bracelet;
7:
13333:Ethno-cultural designations
11335:
10891:"History of Sikh Gallantry"
10451:. BBC News. 5 November 2006
9959:. Wap.business-standard.com
9871:. Dailyo.in. 27 August 2015
8724:Kinnvall, Catarina (2007).
8033:Ray, Jayanta Kumar (2007),
7955:Dhillon, Kirpal S. (2006).
7427:. Oxford University Press.
7305:. New York: Knopf. p.
6992:Nabha, Kahan Singh (1930).
6682:"UK Government Web Archive"
6517:. Brill. pp. 849–863.
5649:United States Census Bureau
5294:United States Census Bureau
5237:United States Census Bureau
5212:United States Census Bureau
5049:"Sikh Religion Census 2011"
4633:
4606:Sikh soldier with captured
4522:Second Battle of El Alamein
4003:
3769:. Most Sikhs belong to the
2569:
2320:being made into a shared a
1422:
1374:
1195:Sikhism and other religions
874:
865:
856:
10:
13364:
12560:British East India Company
10374:Dalits in Regional Context
9822:IANS (15 September 2004).
9801:10.1177/026858090602100331
8487:Srivastava, R. P. (1983).
8123:10.1177/004908571204200205
5419:"The Sikh Community Today"
5394:"Sikhism Reporter's Guide"
5013:"India People and Society"
4406:recruited from Nepal, the
4391:
4250:, India's most successful
4222:; former 400-metre runner
4136:
3703:A caucasian Sikh learning
3124:
3107:Dal Khalsa (International)
2999:) in the Punjab region of
2901:. The rebab was played by
2870:
2741:
2737:
2619:
2425:
2362:Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale
2049:, sovereign states called
1695:
1691:
1497:Male Sikhs generally have
1288:, Canadian Sikh politician
23:. For a similar word, see
18:
13343:Punjabi words and phrases
13293:
13255:
13026:
12986:
12972:Treaty of Amritsar (1846)
12952:Treaty of Amritsar (1809)
12944:
12918:
12901:Johann Martin Honigberger
12858:
12760:Chattar Singh Attariwalla
12652:
12645:
12609:
12537:
12511:
12479:
12446:
12413:
12370:
12262:
12253:
12207:
12162:
12039:
11783:
11661:
11593:
11475:
11425:
11356:
11343:
11083:10.1080/13537110590927845
11062:General and cited sources
10356:Puri, Harish K. (2003). "
10270:Khanna, Sunil K. (2004).
9741:. TOLOnews. 20 June 2016.
8939:. CBC News. 15 March 2018
8751:Crenshaw, Martha (1995).
8699:Nesbitt, Eleanor (2005).
8158:. JHU Press. p. 56.
7719:– via Google Books.
7696:Nesbitt, Eleanor (2005).
7594:Ballantyne, Tony (2006).
7556:10.1080/00856408708723379
7330:Richard M. Eaton (2019).
7276:BBC Religion & Ethics
7025:carolyn (17 March 2022).
6995:ਗੁਰ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਰਤਨਾਕਰ ਮਹਾਨ ਕੋਸ਼
6523:10.1163/9789004432284_031
4776:lowly are cared for-there
4410:from Maharashtra and the
3809:(Kshatriyas – Warriors),
3753:
3669:
3253:
3227:
2867:Woman playing the dilruba
2366:Anandpur Sahib Resolution
2341:Anandpur Sahib Resolution
1366:
444:
439:
424:
419:
407:
402:
392:
382:
364:
354:
344:
334:
324:
314:
304:
294:
284:
274:
264:
254:
244:
234:
224:
214:
204:
194:
184:
174:
164:
154:
144:
134:
124:
114:
104:
99:
92:
87:
76:
71:
53:
37:
12962:Treaty of Chushul (1842)
12957:Tripartite Treaty (1838)
11112:10.1525/as.2009.49.6.975
10959:. London. Archived from
9055:"The Ghost of Khalistan"
8921:Singh, Satinder (1982).
7796:"The forgotten massacre"
7628:Cohn, Bernard S (1996).
7423:Singh, Pashaura (2006).
7361:Dhavan, Purnima (2011).
7140:ONS (11 December 2012).
6910:Sikhism: An Introduction
6866:Philosophy East and West
6829:10.18778/2300-0562.08.09
6086:U.S. Department of State
6068:U.S. Department of State
4690:
4471:Indian Rebellion of 1857
3908:Chhimba (cotton farmers)
3205:administrative divisions
3189:administrative divisions
3172:(234,000, 1.9 percent),
3168:(236,000, 2.3 percent),
3164:(570,000, 3.4 percent),
3160:(643,000, 0.3 percent),
2707:(divine order) from the
2463:Darbar Sahib, circa 1870
2184:, the Sikh ruler of the
1673:administrative divisions
12967:Treaty of Lahore (1846)
12845:Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana
11770:Samadhi of Ranjit Singh
11169:The Sikhs of the Punjab
10470:ONS (11 October 2004).
10334:Encyclopædia Britannica
10235:Oberoi, Harjot (1994).
9957:Business Standard India
9789:International Sociology
9755:. AA. 17 December 2019.
9707:Encyclopædia Britannica
9325:Business Standard India
7662:Oberoi, Harjot (1994).
7297:Singh, Patwant (2000).
7152:UK Statistics Authority
4961:Encyclopædia Britannica
4133:Sikhs in modern history
4115:Indian green revolution
3180:(86,000, 1.2 percent).
3056:Harchand Singh Longowal
2711:after awakening in the
2327:In the late 1960s, the
2156:to bring reform in the
2109:Sikh armour and weapons
1964:During the rule of the
678:Selected revered saints
536:question marks or boxes
65:Golden Temple, Amritsar
12800:Ajit Singh Sandhawalia
12785:Mangal Singh Ramgarhia
12775:Ranjodh Singh Majithia
12755:Sher Singh Attariwalla
12750:Sham Singh Attariwalla
12646:Officials and warriors
12555:Emirate of Afghanistan
12461:Battle of Chillianwala
11686:Darbar Sahib Kartarpur
11435:Beliefs and principles
10624:Government of Punjab.
10033:frontline.thehindu.com
9679:censusnepal.cbs.gov.np
8580:New Spotlight Magazine
8071:(1, Spring 1997). Apna
6626:10.4000/eastafrica.402
6543:– via brill.com.
5373:United States Congress
5318:"How Many U.S. Sikhs?"
4763:the Giver of all souls
4685:Turban training centre
4473:. By the beginning of
4432:Indian Orders of Merit
4408:Maratha Light Infantry
4378:In December 2022, the
4181:, is headed by Sikhs.
4016:
3708:
3679:
3678:A group of Sikh people
3578:
3146:Indian state of Punjab
3140:
2975:
2868:
2772:
2669:
2594:
2464:
2456:
2122:
2110:
2038:
2027:
2015:
2004:
1961:
1960:at its greatest extent
1710:
1648:
1636:, a small wooden comb.
1471:
1415:has its origin in the
1297:
1289:
1278:
1172:Jathedar of Akal Takht
524:This article contains
445:Predominantly Spoken:
13338:Ethnoreligious groups
13138:Fariduddin Ganjshakar
12881:François Henri Mouton
12871:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
12710:Khushal Singh Jamadar
12497:Panchayati Revolution
12493:Hill States–Sikh Wars
12448:Second Anglo-Sikh War
11760:Qila Mubarak, Patiala
10920:Pillarisetti, Jagan.
10723:JASPAL Group (2011).
9363:on 23 September 2015.
7731:"An undivided India?"
7278:. BBC. 29 August 2003
6511:"Hinduism in Belgium"
6187:"Portugal Fact Sheet"
5451:Religion News Service
4796:." Granth Sahib, 278.
4660:List of British Sikhs
4422:in the army, with 73
4164:Narinder Singh Kapany
4011:
3702:
3677:
3576:
3138:
2969:
2866:
2859:Music and instruments
2759:
2650:
2590:, in debate with the
2577:
2462:
2439:
2266:Punjabi Suba movement
2116:
2108:
2101:British rule in India
2063:Maharaja Ranjit Singh
2055:Jassa Singh Ahluwalia
2035:Max Arthur Macauliffe
2033:
2026:sowar's battle helmet
2021:
2010:
1994:
1955:
1707:Gurdwara Janam Asthan
1705:
1643:
1479:The Guru Granth Sahib
1295:
1284:
1273:
110:23,786,000–28,000,000
61:Maharaja Ranjit Singh
12919:Influential families
12876:Claude Auguste Court
12866:Jean-François Allard
12780:Surat Singh Majithia
12770:Lehna Singh Majithia
12575:Hill States Alliance
12428:Battle of Ferozeshah
12415:First Anglo-Sikh War
12135:Akhand Kirtani Jatha
12113:Piara Singh Bhaniara
11992:United Arab Emirates
11730:Hazuri Bagh Baradari
11460:Cannabis and Sikhism
11278:A Study of Religions
10963:on 18 November 2007.
10725:"About JASPAL Group"
10630:Government of Punjab
10212:Singh Khalsa, Sant.
10189:Singh Khalsa, Sant.
10166:Singh Khalsa, Sant.
10035:. 16 September 2015.
10029:"Behind the decline"
9910:on 27 September 2007
9776:on 17 November 2006.
9624:www.statsfiji.gov.fj
9540:on 23 September 2019
9407:2021 Canadian census
8824:Pruthi, Raj (2004).
8753:Terrorism in Context
6435:on 22 February 2023.
6426:acninternational.org
5678:2021 Canadian census
5188:on 16 September 2017
5118:www150.statcan.gc.ca
5015:. The World Factbook
4771:"In that place where
4503:Chanan Singh Dhillon
4340:and Parminder Gill.
4334:Namrata Singh Gujral
4238:, Ajitpal Singh and
4179:Ranbaxy Laboratories
4068:Sikh Youth Symposium
4041:September 11 attacks
3850:(Chamar – Tanners).
3840:(Cleaners) and the
3590:Sikh migration from
2428:Sikh art and culture
2397:Insurgency in Punjab
2360:in partnership with
2041:After defeating the
1531:India's caste system
1429:, meaning 'seeker',
1389:ethnoreligious group
1275:Harpreet Kaur Chandi
1202:Sikhism and Hinduism
196:United Arab Emirates
13210:Idolatry in Sikhism
13128:Nanakshahi calendar
13123:Sikh Light Infantry
12765:Amar Singh Majithia
12700:Mahan Singh Mirpuri
12491:, Katoch–Sikh War,
11046:on 13 December 2007
10901:on 27 February 2008
10895:The Daily Telegraph
10658:(8 February 2005).
10484:on 26 February 2008
10397:. 10 November 2019.
10070:www12.statcan.gc.ca
9990:on 21 February 2017
9453:www12.statcan.gc.ca
9277:. 10 November 2019.
9259:. 23 November 2019.
9221:. 30 November 2023.
9207:. 22 December 2021.
9133:. BBC. 4 March 2008
8785:– Mehtab Ali Shah "
8462:Sian, Katy (2013).
8443:on 24 February 2014
8411:on 14 December 2007
7120:Pew Research Center
6447:"National Profiles"
6342:. 3 February 2022.
6245:10.3390/rel11020076
6173:"National Profiles"
6099:Gokulan, Dhanusha.
6048:. 20 January 2023.
5971:Corriere Della Sera
5686:Pew Research Center
5597:Pew Research Center
5322:Pew Research Center
5092:www12.statcan.gc.ca
5037:. 22 December 2021.
4992:. 11 November 2019.
4516:were raised during
4479:British Indian Army
4213:Ajaypal Singh Banga
3600:British East Africa
3221:
3115:Sikhs outside India
3063:Operation Blue Star
3032:Jagjit Singh Chohan
2385:Operation Blue Star
2222:partition of Punjab
2198:Shiromani Akali Dal
2180:At the time of the
2135:British Indian Army
2121:taken circa 1848–49
2091:North-West Frontier
1888:('cotton-printers')
1686:Mandla v Dowell-Lee
1655:, having even been
1405:Indian subcontinent
1232:Religion portal
1212:Sikhism and Jainism
1162:Nanakshahi calendar
34:
13348:Religious identity
13111:11th Sikh Regiment
12926:Sandhawalia family
12840:Sultan Mahmud Khan
12825:Jarnail Ghaus Khan
12810:Sangat Singh Saini
12705:Dewan Mokham Chand
12580:Kingdom of Mankera
12456:Battle of Ramnagar
12400:Battle of Peshawar
12395:Battle of Nowshera
12272:Battle of Bhangani
11750:Nanak Shahi bricks
11653:Tav-Prasad Savaiye
11445:Sikh Rehat Maryada
11440:Guru Maneyo Granth
11020:on 6 December 2008
10670:on 3 February 2008
10564:The Economic Times
10364:38(26):2693–2701.
9429:censusindia.gov.in
9411:2011 Indian census
9327:. 13 January 2019.
9293:The Times of India
9238:The Times of India
9159:. 27 December 2017
9157:The Indian Express
9086:. 22 February 2018
8982:on 3 December 2006
8963:The New York Times
8876:The New York Times
8604:. World Gurudwaras
8385:on 29 January 2021
8361:The New York Times
7831:10.1007/BF00704966
7224:on 16 January 2010
7062:on 10 October 2008
6945:on 20 October 2023
6792:. 8 September 2020
6670:. 8 December 2020.
6559:The Times of India
6139:on 1 December 2011
6004:The Economic Times
5841:The Economic Times
5682:U.S. Census Bureau
5423:Harvard University
4990:The Times of India
4908:"Sikhs in America"
4675:Sikhism by country
4267:Navjot Singh Sidhu
4187:Onkar Singh Kanwar
4093:overturned a 1925
4053:Balbir Singh Sodhi
4051:gas station owner
4017:
3805:(Priestly class),
3709:
3680:
3639:Punjab of Pakistan
3635:Partition of India
3579:
3494:
3219:
3141:
3127:Sikhism by country
2980:Khalistan movement
2976:
2962:Khalistan movement
2897:was encouraged by
2869:
2773:
2673:Sikh Rahit Maryada
2595:
2465:
2457:
2402:During the day of
2351:righteous campaign
2228:between Sikhs and
2194:Chief Khalsa Dewan
2129:. During the 1857
2123:
2111:
2053:were formed under
2039:
2028:
2016:
2005:
1962:
1894:('water-carriers')
1848:(particularly the
1795:joined the faith.
1732:in the village of
1711:
1698:History of Sikhism
1657:ruled by the Sikhs
1649:
1592:, also known as a
1473:One Immortal Being
1298:
1290:
1279:
916:Sikh Rehat Maryada
883:Guru Maneyo Granth
32:
13315:
13314:
12996:Bandi Chhor Divas
12980:
12979:
12914:
12913:
12886:Alexander Gardner
12805:Kahan Singh Nakai
12790:Akali Phula Singh
12670:Diwan Bhawani Das
12507:
12506:
12438:Battle of Sobraon
12390:Battle of Shopian
11875:Jammu and Kashmir
11775:Well of Dina Nath
11603:Guru Granth Sahib
11416:Guru Granth Sahib
11411:Guru Gobind Singh
11406:Guru Tegh Bahadur
11286:978-93-82339-94-6
11272:978-81-7305-386-3
11242:978-81-89140-99-1
10975:Kennedy Trevaskis
10537:newstracklive.com
10382:978-81-7033-871-0
10372:. Republished in
10297:978-0-306-47754-6
9534:www.stats.govt.nz
8898:Tragedy of Punjab
8762:978-0-271-01015-1
8710:978-0-19-280601-7
8257:, pp. 32–33.
8216:978-81-7154-529-2
8165:978-0-8018-8791-8
8046:978-81-317-0834-7
7771:978-1-134-44048-1
7374:978-0-19987-717-1
7316:978-0-375-40728-4
6939:sikhinstitute.org
6920:978-0-85773-549-2
5625:. 23 October 2020
5264:. 9 February 2022
5262:Statistics Canada
4716:wrote letters to
4714:Guru Gobind Singh
4650:Ganga Sagar (urn)
4640:History of Punjab
4575:in France during
4558:Guru Granth Sahib
4530:Italian campaigns
4520:, serving in the
4499:Buckingham Palace
4495:Constitution Hill
4440:Param Vir Chakras
4430:, 21 first-class
4380:U.S. Marine Corps
4357:Surjit Bindrakhia
4244:Bishen Singh Bedi
4228:Jeev Milkha Singh
4211:was a Sikh named
4198:Bob Singh Dhillon
3571:
3570:
3170:Jammu and Kashmir
3067:Anti-Sikh Pogroms
3013:Jammu and Kashmir
2929:were composed as
2927:Guru Granth Sahib
2915:Guru Gobind Singh
2724:Guru Gobind Singh
2709:Guru Granth Sahib
2664:Guru Granth Sahib
2646:Guru Granth Sahib
2373:Grain Roko morcha
2270:Master Tara Singh
2206:Lahore Resolution
2202:Master Tara Singh
1982:Guru Tegh Bahadur
1750:Guru Gobind Singh
1372:
1268:
1267:
1207:Sikhism and Islam
1137:Nirgun and Sargun
1015:Guru Granth Sahib
664:Guru Granth Sahib
659:Guru Gobind Singh
654:Guru Tegh Bahadur
532:rendering support
512:
511:
426:Guru Granth Sahib
13355:
13307:
13306:
13299:
13298:
13235:Punjabi language
13195:Women in Sikhism
12735:Balbhadra Kunwar
12695:Hari Singh Nalwa
12685:Misr Diwan Chand
12675:Diwan Buta Singh
12650:
12649:
12590:Barakzai dynasty
12565:Kingdom of Nepal
12519:Sikh Khalsa Army
12471:Battle of Gujrat
12433:Battle of Aliwal
12405:Battle of Jamrud
12385:Battle of Multan
12380:Battle of Attock
12372:Afghan–Sikh wars
12264:Mughal-Sikh Wars
12260:
12259:
12194:
12187:
12180:
12171:
12170:
12051:Sects of Sikhism
12017:Northern Ireland
11745:Moti Bagh Palace
11720:Bahadurgarh Fort
11418:(Sikh holy book)
11401:Guru Har Krishan
11330:
11323:
11316:
11307:
11306:
11223:Glory of Sikhism
11210:Glory of Sikhism
11115:
11094:
11056:
11055:
11053:
11051:
11042:. Archived from
11036:
11030:
11029:
11027:
11025:
11016:. Archived from
11010:
11004:
11003:
11001:
10999:
10989:
10983:
10982:
10971:
10965:
10964:
10948:
10942:
10941:
10939:
10937:
10932:on 27 March 2008
10928:. Archived from
10917:
10911:
10910:
10908:
10906:
10887:
10881:
10880:
10878:
10876:
10860:
10851:
10850:
10822:
10813:
10807:
10801:
10800:
10798:
10796:
10791:. 24 August 2006
10781:
10775:
10774:
10772:
10770:
10751:
10745:
10744:
10742:
10740:
10735:on 17 April 2020
10731:. Archived from
10720:
10714:
10713:
10711:
10709:
10704:on 26 March 2009
10703:
10686:
10680:
10679:
10677:
10675:
10666:. Archived from
10652:
10646:
10645:
10643:
10641:
10636:on 10 March 2008
10632:. Archived from
10621:
10615:
10614:
10612:
10610:
10595:
10589:
10583:
10577:
10576:
10574:
10572:
10555:
10549:
10548:
10546:
10544:
10529:
10523:
10522:
10520:
10518:
10508:
10500:
10494:
10493:
10491:
10489:
10467:
10461:
10460:
10458:
10456:
10441:
10432:
10431:
10429:
10427:
10422:on 15 April 2008
10408:
10399:
10398:
10391:
10385:
10354:
10345:
10344:
10342:
10340:
10326:
10320:
10319:
10311:
10305:
10304:
10267:
10261:
10259:
10257:
10255:
10232:
10226:
10225:
10223:
10221:
10209:
10203:
10202:
10200:
10198:
10186:
10180:
10179:
10177:
10175:
10163:
10157:
10156:
10136:
10127:
10126:
10119:
10113:
10112:
10105:
10099:
10098:
10087:
10081:
10080:
10078:
10076:
10061:
10055:
10054:
10043:
10037:
10036:
10025:
10019:
10018:
10006:
10000:
9999:
9997:
9995:
9986:. Archived from
9975:
9969:
9968:
9966:
9964:
9948:
9942:
9941:
9939:
9937:
9926:
9920:
9919:
9917:
9915:
9909:
9898:
9890:
9881:
9880:
9878:
9876:
9865:
9859:
9858:
9856:
9854:
9842:
9836:
9835:
9833:
9831:
9819:
9813:
9812:
9784:
9778:
9777:
9763:
9757:
9756:
9749:
9743:
9742:
9735:
9729:
9728:
9721:
9715:
9714:
9702:
9696:
9689:
9683:
9682:
9671:
9665:
9664:
9662:
9660:
9646:
9640:
9639:
9637:
9635:
9630:on 17 April 2018
9626:. Archived from
9616:
9610:
9609:
9607:
9605:
9591:
9585:
9582:
9576:
9575:
9573:
9571:
9562:. Archived from
9556:
9550:
9549:
9547:
9545:
9536:. Archived from
9526:
9520:
9519:
9517:
9515:
9506:
9498:
9492:
9491:
9489:
9487:
9473:
9464:
9463:
9461:
9459:
9444:
9438:
9437:
9436:on 1 April 2022.
9432:. Archived from
9420:
9414:
9403:
9397:
9396:
9394:
9392:
9386:
9379:
9371:
9365:
9364:
9353:
9347:
9346:
9335:
9329:
9328:
9317:
9311:
9310:
9303:
9297:
9296:
9285:
9279:
9278:
9267:
9261:
9260:
9249:
9243:
9242:
9229:
9223:
9222:
9215:
9209:
9208:
9201:
9195:
9194:
9192:
9190:
9175:
9169:
9168:
9166:
9164:
9149:
9143:
9142:
9140:
9138:
9127:
9121:
9120:
9118:
9116:
9102:
9096:
9095:
9093:
9091:
9076:
9070:
9069:
9067:
9065:
9050:
9044:
9043:
9041:
9039:
9024:
9018:
9017:
9015:
9013:
8998:
8992:
8991:
8989:
8987:
8972:
8966:
8959:
8953:
8952:
8946:
8944:
8933:
8927:
8926:
8918:
8912:
8911:
8893:
8887:
8886:
8884:
8882:
8867:
8861:
8855:
8849:
8848:
8846:
8844:
8821:
8815:
8801:– Stephen Alter
8796:
8790:
8773:
8767:
8766:
8748:
8742:
8741:
8721:
8715:
8714:
8696:
8690:
8689:
8678:
8672:
8671:
8660:
8654:
8653:
8646:
8640:
8639:
8637:
8635:
8620:
8614:
8613:
8611:
8609:
8598:
8592:
8591:
8589:
8587:
8572:
8566:
8565:
8563:
8561:
8551:
8545:
8544:
8542:
8540:
8530:
8524:
8523:
8521:
8519:
8509:
8503:
8502:
8484:
8478:
8477:
8459:
8453:
8452:
8450:
8448:
8442:
8436:. Archived from
8435:
8427:
8421:
8420:
8418:
8416:
8407:. Archived from
8401:
8395:
8394:
8392:
8390:
8371:
8365:
8364:
8352:
8346:
8345:
8333:
8327:
8326:
8306:
8300:
8299:
8271:
8265:
8264:
8252:
8243:
8242:
8230:
8221:
8220:
8202:
8196:
8195:
8183:
8177:
8176:
8174:
8172:
8149:
8143:
8142:
8106:
8100:
8099:
8087:
8081:
8080:
8078:
8076:
8059:Singh, Atamjit.
8056:
8050:
8049:
8030:
8019:
8018:
8006:
7995:
7994:
7982:
7973:
7972:
7952:
7946:
7945:
7933:
7927:
7926:
7914:
7908:
7907:
7895:
7889:
7888:
7876:
7870:
7869:
7857:
7851:
7850:
7814:
7808:
7807:
7791:
7785:
7784:
7753:
7747:
7746:
7744:
7742:
7737:. 29 August 2009
7727:
7721:
7720:
7718:
7716:
7693:
7687:
7686:
7684:
7682:
7659:
7653:
7652:
7650:
7648:
7625:
7619:
7618:
7616:
7614:
7591:
7585:
7584:
7566:
7560:
7559:
7539:
7533:
7532:
7529:
7526:
7523:
7519:
7516:
7513:
7509:
7506:
7503:
7499:
7496:
7493:
7489:
7486:
7483:
7479:
7476:
7473:
7469:
7466:
7463:
7459:
7456:
7453:
7449:
7446:
7443:
7420:
7379:
7378:
7358:
7352:
7351:
7327:
7321:
7320:
7304:
7294:
7288:
7287:
7285:
7283:
7268:
7262:
7261:
7244:Singh, Khushwant
7240:
7234:
7233:
7231:
7229:
7220:. Archived from
7214:
7208:
7207:
7205:
7203:
7188:
7182:
7181:
7169:
7163:
7162:
7160:
7158:
7137:
7131:
7130:
7128:
7126:
7111:
7105:
7104:
7102:
7100:
7078:
7072:
7071:
7069:
7067:
7058:. Archived from
7048:
7042:
7041:
7039:
7037:
7022:
7016:
7015:
7013:
7011:
7006:on 18 March 2005
6989:
6983:
6982:
6965:Singh, Khushwant
6961:
6955:
6954:
6952:
6950:
6941:. Archived from
6931:
6925:
6924:
6904:
6898:
6897:
6857:
6851:
6850:
6840:
6808:
6802:
6801:
6799:
6797:
6782:
6776:
6775:
6757:
6751:
6750:
6732:
6726:
6725:
6714:
6708:
6707:
6696:
6690:
6689:
6678:
6672:
6671:
6660:
6654:
6653:
6651:
6649:
6628:
6608:
6602:
6601:
6590:
6584:
6583:
6581:
6579:
6569:
6563:
6562:
6551:
6545:
6544:
6506:
6500:
6499:
6498:(in Indonesian).
6488:
6482:
6481:
6461:
6455:
6454:
6443:
6437:
6436:
6434:
6428:. Archived from
6423:
6415:
6409:
6408:
6402:
6400:
6380:
6374:
6373:
6371:
6369:
6364:. 14 August 2019
6362:timeskuwait.com/
6354:
6348:
6347:
6332:
6326:
6325:
6314:
6308:
6307:
6292:
6286:
6285:
6280:
6278:
6264:
6258:
6257:
6247:
6223:
6217:
6216:
6205:
6199:
6198:
6183:
6177:
6176:
6169:
6163:
6162:
6155:
6149:
6148:
6146:
6144:
6135:. Archived from
6129:
6123:
6122:
6115:
6109:
6108:
6096:
6090:
6089:
6078:
6072:
6071:
6060:
6054:
6053:
6038:
6032:
6031:
6017:
6011:
6010:
5996:
5990:
5984:
5978:
5977:
5962:
5953:
5952:
5938:
5929:
5928:
5914:
5905:
5904:
5882:
5873:
5872:
5858:
5849:
5848:
5843:. 29 July 2018.
5833:
5824:
5823:
5808:
5799:
5798:
5784:
5775:
5774:
5760:
5751:
5750:
5736:
5727:
5726:
5712:
5703:
5666:
5660:
5659:
5657:
5655:
5641:
5635:
5634:
5632:
5630:
5615:
5609:
5608:
5606:
5604:
5589:
5583:
5577:
5576:
5571:
5569:
5554:
5548:
5547:
5542:
5540:
5525:
5519:
5518:
5513:
5511:
5500:
5494:
5493:
5488:
5486:
5472:
5466:
5465:
5460:
5458:
5453:. 10 August 2022
5443:
5437:
5436:
5431:
5429:
5415:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5404:
5390:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5379:
5365:
5359:
5358:
5356:
5354:
5340:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5329:
5314:
5305:
5304:
5302:
5300:
5291:
5283:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5269:
5254:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5243:
5229:
5223:
5222:
5220:
5218:
5204:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5193:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5167:
5161:
5153:
5147:
5146:
5135:
5129:
5128:
5126:
5124:
5109:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5098:
5083:
5066:
5060:
5059:
5057:
5055:
5045:
5039:
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5031:
5025:
5024:
5022:
5020:
5009:
5000:
4994:
4993:
4982:
4976:
4975:
4970:
4968:
4952:
4946:
4945:
4940:
4938:
4928:
4922:
4921:
4916:
4914:
4904:
4898:
4897:
4892:
4890:
4875:
4869:
4868:
4863:
4861:
4846:
4840:
4839:
4834:
4832:
4821:
4800:
4755:
4749:
4730:Persian alphabet
4728:—written in the
4710:
4704:
4701:
4680:Sikhism in India
4670:Sects of Sikhism
4622:
4603:
4593:Italian campaign
4588:
4568:
4549:
4483:Victoria Crosses
4444:Maha Vir Chakras
4428:Victoria Crosses
4336:; and directors
4195:
4194:1.4 billion
4156:Piara Singh Gill
4081:
4055:was murdered in
3988:too. Apart from
3865:scheduled castes
3558:
3556:
3555:
3537:
3535:
3534:
3518:Northern Ireland
3516:
3514:
3513:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3474:
3472:
3471:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3411:
3409:
3408:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3270:(Rest of India)
3266:
3264:
3263:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3222:
3218:
3185:British Columbia
3178:Himachal Pradesh
3099:Khalsa Raj Party
3095:major insurgency
3009:Himachal Pradesh
2998:
2995:
2985:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2667:
2582:with companions
2390:
2378:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2339:put forward the
2329:Green Revolution
2307:and current day
2303:, the new state
2301:Himachal Pradesh
2204:, condemned the
2186:Kapurthala State
2087:Sikh Khalsa Army
2083:Hari Singh Nalwa
2024:Sikh Khalsa Army
1972:were martyred. (
1912:('oil pressers")
1783:
1780:
1777:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1720:, was born in a
1645:Tarn Taran Sahib
1570:
1567:
1561:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1427:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1371:romanized:
1370:
1368:
1358:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1331:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1260:
1253:
1246:
1230:
1229:
1196:
1111:
1058:
1052:
1007:
909:
877:
868:
859:
841:
756:Bhagat Trilochan
726:Bhagat Parmanand
679:
649:Guru Har Krishan
607:
566:
543:
542:
520:
519:
486:Punjabi dialects
412:
82:
79:
72:Total population
58:
42:
35:
31:
13363:
13362:
13358:
13357:
13356:
13354:
13353:
13352:
13318:
13317:
13316:
13311:
13289:
13251:
13022:
12982:
12981:
12976:
12940:
12931:Majithia family
12910:
12891:Paolo Avitabile
12854:
12835:Fakir Azizuddin
12745:Mehta Basti Ram
12665:Diwan Dina Nath
12641:
12605:
12585:Namgyal dynasty
12533:
12512:Military forces
12503:
12475:
12466:Siege of Multan
12442:
12423:Battle of Mudki
12409:
12366:
12255:
12249:
12225:Nau Nihal Singh
12203:
12198:
12158:
12043:and communities
12042:
12035:
11779:
11765:Ramgarhia Bunga
11676:Harmandir Sahib
11657:
11589:
11471:
11467:Diet in Sikhism
11421:
11352:
11339:
11334:
11296:
11291:
11123:
11121:Further reading
11118:
11064:
11059:
11049:
11047:
11038:
11037:
11033:
11023:
11021:
11012:
11011:
11007:
10997:
10995:
10991:
10990:
10986:
10977:, Hugh (1928).
10972:
10968:
10949:
10945:
10935:
10933:
10918:
10914:
10904:
10902:
10889:
10888:
10884:
10874:
10872:
10861:
10854:
10839:10.2307/2760119
10827:Pacific Affairs
10823:
10816:
10808:
10804:
10794:
10792:
10783:
10782:
10778:
10768:
10766:
10753:
10752:
10748:
10738:
10736:
10721:
10717:
10707:
10705:
10697:
10687:
10683:
10673:
10671:
10653:
10649:
10639:
10637:
10622:
10618:
10608:
10606:
10597:
10596:
10592:
10584:
10580:
10570:
10568:
10557:
10556:
10552:
10542:
10540:
10531:
10530:
10526:
10516:
10514:
10506:
10502:
10501:
10497:
10487:
10485:
10468:
10464:
10454:
10452:
10443:
10442:
10435:
10425:
10423:
10410:
10409:
10402:
10393:
10392:
10388:
10355:
10348:
10338:
10336:
10328:
10327:
10323:
10312:
10308:
10298:
10290:. p. 777.
10286:. Vol. 2.
10276:Ember, Carol R.
10268:
10264:
10253:
10251:
10249:
10233:
10229:
10219:
10217:
10216:. Srigranth.org
10210:
10206:
10196:
10194:
10193:. Srigranth.org
10187:
10183:
10173:
10171:
10170:. Srigranth.org
10164:
10160:
10137:
10130:
10121:
10120:
10116:
10107:
10106:
10102:
10097:. 10 June 2020.
10089:
10088:
10084:
10074:
10072:
10062:
10058:
10045:
10044:
10040:
10027:
10026:
10022:
10015:American Turban
10007:
10003:
9993:
9991:
9976:
9972:
9962:
9960:
9949:
9945:
9935:
9933:
9928:
9927:
9923:
9913:
9911:
9907:
9896:
9892:
9891:
9884:
9874:
9872:
9867:
9866:
9862:
9852:
9850:
9843:
9839:
9829:
9827:
9820:
9816:
9785:
9781:
9764:
9760:
9751:
9750:
9746:
9737:
9736:
9732:
9723:
9722:
9718:
9704:
9703:
9699:
9690:
9686:
9673:
9672:
9668:
9658:
9656:
9648:
9647:
9643:
9633:
9631:
9618:
9617:
9613:
9603:
9601:
9593:
9592:
9588:
9583:
9579:
9569:
9567:
9566:on 17 June 2021
9558:
9557:
9553:
9543:
9541:
9528:
9527:
9523:
9513:
9511:
9504:
9500:
9499:
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9483:
9475:
9474:
9467:
9457:
9455:
9445:
9441:
9422:
9421:
9417:
9404:
9400:
9390:
9388:
9384:
9377:
9373:
9372:
9368:
9355:
9354:
9350:
9337:
9336:
9332:
9319:
9318:
9314:
9305:
9304:
9300:
9287:
9286:
9282:
9269:
9268:
9264:
9251:
9250:
9246:
9231:
9230:
9226:
9217:
9216:
9212:
9203:
9202:
9198:
9188:
9186:
9176:
9172:
9162:
9160:
9151:
9150:
9146:
9136:
9134:
9129:
9128:
9124:
9114:
9112:
9110:Hindustan Times
9104:
9103:
9099:
9089:
9087:
9078:
9077:
9073:
9063:
9061:
9051:
9047:
9037:
9035:
9034:on 15 July 2011
9026:
9025:
9021:
9011:
9009:
9000:
8999:
8995:
8985:
8983:
8974:
8973:
8969:
8965:2 February 1986
8960:
8956:
8942:
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8935:
8934:
8930:
8919:
8915:
8908:
8894:
8890:
8880:
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8697:
8693:
8680:
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8662:
8661:
8657:
8648:
8647:
8643:
8633:
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8607:
8605:
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8531:
8527:
8517:
8515:
8511:
8510:
8506:
8499:
8485:
8481:
8474:
8460:
8456:
8446:
8444:
8440:
8433:
8429:
8428:
8424:
8414:
8412:
8403:
8402:
8398:
8388:
8386:
8373:
8372:
8368:
8353:
8349:
8339:
8334:
8330:
8323:
8307:
8303:
8288:10.2307/2758827
8276:Pacific Affairs
8272:
8268:
8258:
8253:
8246:
8236:
8231:
8224:
8217:
8203:
8199:
8189:
8184:
8180:
8170:
8168:
8166:
8150:
8146:
8107:
8103:
8093:
8088:
8084:
8074:
8072:
8057:
8053:
8047:
8031:
8022:
8012:
8007:
7998:
7988:
7983:
7976:
7969:
7953:
7949:
7939:
7934:
7930:
7920:
7915:
7911:
7901:
7896:
7892:
7882:
7877:
7873:
7863:
7858:
7854:
7815:
7811:
7792:
7788:
7772:
7764:. p. 100.
7754:
7750:
7740:
7738:
7729:
7728:
7724:
7714:
7712:
7710:
7694:
7690:
7680:
7678:
7676:
7660:
7656:
7646:
7644:
7642:
7626:
7622:
7612:
7610:
7608:
7592:
7588:
7581:
7567:
7563:
7550:(s1): 155–165.
7540:
7536:
7527:
7524:
7521:
7517:
7514:
7511:
7507:
7504:
7501:
7497:
7494:
7491:
7487:
7484:
7481:
7477:
7475:cotton-printers
7474:
7471:
7467:
7464:
7461:
7457:
7454:
7451:
7447:
7444:
7441:
7435:
7421:
7382:
7375:
7359:
7355:
7344:
7328:
7324:
7317:
7295:
7291:
7281:
7279:
7270:
7269:
7265:
7258:
7241:
7237:
7227:
7225:
7216:
7215:
7211:
7201:
7199:
7190:
7189:
7185:
7170:
7166:
7156:
7154:
7138:
7134:
7124:
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7112:
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7098:
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7065:
7063:
7050:
7049:
7045:
7035:
7033:
7023:
7019:
7009:
7007:
6990:
6986:
6979:
6962:
6958:
6948:
6946:
6933:
6932:
6928:
6921:
6905:
6901:
6878:10.2307/1398373
6858:
6854:
6809:
6805:
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6793:
6784:
6783:
6779:
6772:
6758:
6754:
6747:
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6729:
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6715:
6711:
6698:
6697:
6693:
6680:
6679:
6675:
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6647:
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6609:
6605:
6592:
6591:
6587:
6577:
6575:
6571:
6570:
6566:
6553:
6552:
6548:
6533:
6507:
6503:
6490:
6489:
6485:
6478:
6462:
6458:
6451:www.thearda.com
6445:
6444:
6440:
6432:
6421:
6417:
6416:
6412:
6398:
6396:
6381:
6377:
6367:
6365:
6356:
6355:
6351:
6334:
6333:
6329:
6324:. 31 July 2019.
6316:
6315:
6311:
6301:Huffington Post
6293:
6289:
6276:
6274:
6266:
6265:
6261:
6224:
6220:
6207:
6206:
6202:
6185:
6184:
6180:
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6170:
6166:
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6156:
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6140:
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6130:
6126:
6117:
6116:
6112:
6097:
6093:
6080:
6079:
6075:
6062:
6061:
6057:
6040:
6039:
6035:
6019:
6018:
6014:
5998:
5997:
5993:
5987:
5981:
5965:Tebano, Elena.
5963:
5956:
5940:
5939:
5932:
5922:Hindustan Times
5916:
5915:
5908:
5897:
5883:
5876:
5860:
5859:
5852:
5835:
5834:
5827:
5810:
5809:
5802:
5786:
5785:
5778:
5762:
5761:
5754:
5738:
5737:
5730:
5714:
5713:
5706:
5700:Asian Americans
5667:
5663:
5653:
5651:
5643:
5642:
5638:
5628:
5626:
5617:
5616:
5612:
5602:
5600:
5591:
5590:
5586:
5580:
5567:
5565:
5556:
5555:
5551:
5538:
5536:
5527:
5526:
5522:
5509:
5507:
5502:
5501:
5497:
5484:
5482:
5474:
5473:
5469:
5456:
5454:
5445:
5444:
5440:
5427:
5425:
5417:
5416:
5412:
5402:
5400:
5392:
5391:
5387:
5377:
5375:
5367:
5366:
5362:
5352:
5350:
5342:
5341:
5337:
5327:
5325:
5324:. 6 August 2012
5316:
5315:
5308:
5298:
5296:
5289:
5285:
5284:
5277:
5267:
5265:
5256:
5255:
5251:
5241:
5239:
5231:
5230:
5226:
5216:
5214:
5206:
5205:
5201:
5191:
5189:
5180:
5179:
5175:
5165:
5163:
5159:
5155:
5154:
5150:
5137:
5136:
5132:
5122:
5120:
5110:
5106:
5096:
5094:
5084:
5069:
5063:
5053:
5051:
5047:
5046:
5042:
5033:
5032:
5028:
5018:
5016:
5011:
5010:
5003:
4997:
4984:
4983:
4979:
4966:
4964:
4954:
4953:
4949:
4936:
4934:
4930:
4929:
4925:
4912:
4910:
4906:
4905:
4901:
4888:
4886:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4859:
4857:
4848:
4847:
4843:
4830:
4828:
4823:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4791:
4785:
4783:
4782:
4780:
4779:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4766:
4756:
4752:
4711:
4707:
4702:
4698:
4693:
4636:
4629:
4623:
4614:
4604:
4595:
4589:
4580:
4569:
4560:
4554:First World War
4550:
4477:, Sikhs in the
4458:. Plans by the
4436:Theatre Honours
4396:
4390:
4353:Babu Singh Maan
4345:Sidhu Moosewala
4338:Gurinder Chadha
4322:Parminder Nagra
4298:Khushwant Singh
4248:Harbhajan Singh
4240:Balbir Singh Sr
4190:
4141:
4135:
4103:
4079:
4006:
3795:(Rural caste),
3756:
3672:
3588:
3553:
3551:
3532:
3530:
3511:
3509:
3490:
3488:
3469:
3467:
3448:
3446:
3427:
3425:
3406:
3404:
3385:
3383:
3364:
3362:
3343:
3341:
3322:
3320:
3301:
3299:
3280:
3278:
3261:
3259:
3235:
3233:
3213:
3133:
3125:Main articles:
3123:
2996:
2986:
2983:
2964:
2951:
2948:
2945:
2875:
2861:
2754:
2742:Main articles:
2740:
2715:before eating.
2693:the 10 Sawayyas
2668:
2657:
2642:
2622:
2572:
2551:The Singh Twins
2524:Harmandir Sahib
2454:Harmandir Sahib
2434:
2432:Punjabi culture
2426:Main articles:
2424:
2422:Art and culture
2416:K. R. Narayanan
2388:
2376:
2371:In May 1984, a
2353:
2350:
2347:
2322:union territory
2242:Punjabi Muslims
2178:
2103:
1876:('blacksmiths')
1781:
1778:
1775:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1700:
1694:
1682:ethno-religious
1568:
1562:
1559:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1536:sarbat da bhala
1526:
1523:
1520:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1489:, known as the
1466:
1464:code of conduct
1463:
1460:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1384:[sɪkkʰ]
1379:
1356:
1339:
1335:
1329:
1312:
1308:
1264:
1224:
1217:
1216:
1197:
1194:
1187:
1186:
1112:
1107:
1100:
1099:
1070:Harmandir Sahib
1060:
1056:
1050:
1042:
1041:
1009:
1005:
997:
996:
911:
907:
899:
898:
843:
839:
831:
830:
701:Bhagat Ramanand
681:
677:
669:
668:
609:
605:
541:
540:
539:
530:Without proper
521:
517:
496:
475:
432:
428:
140:280,000–500,000
80:
67:
49:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
13361:
13351:
13350:
13345:
13340:
13335:
13330:
13313:
13312:
13294:
13291:
13290:
13288:
13287:
13282:
13277:
13272:
13267:
13261:
13259:
13253:
13252:
13250:
13249:
13244:
13243:
13242:
13232:
13227:
13217:
13212:
13207:
13202:
13197:
13192:
13187:
13182:
13181:
13180:
13170:
13165:
13160:
13155:
13150:
13145:
13140:
13135:
13130:
13125:
13120:
13115:
13114:
13113:
13103:
13098:
13093:
13088:
13083:
13078:
13073:
13068:
13063:
13058:
13053:
13048:
13043:
13038:
13032:
13030:
13024:
13023:
13021:
13020:
13015:
13014:
13013:
13003:
12998:
12992:
12990:
12984:
12983:
12978:
12977:
12975:
12974:
12969:
12964:
12959:
12954:
12948:
12946:
12942:
12941:
12939:
12938:
12933:
12928:
12922:
12920:
12916:
12915:
12912:
12911:
12909:
12908:
12906:Henry Lawrence
12903:
12898:
12893:
12888:
12883:
12878:
12873:
12868:
12862:
12860:
12856:
12855:
12853:
12852:
12850:Sohan Lal Suri
12847:
12842:
12837:
12832:
12827:
12822:
12817:
12812:
12807:
12802:
12797:
12792:
12787:
12782:
12777:
12772:
12767:
12762:
12757:
12752:
12747:
12742:
12737:
12732:
12727:
12722:
12717:
12712:
12707:
12702:
12697:
12692:
12687:
12682:
12677:
12672:
12667:
12662:
12656:
12654:
12647:
12643:
12642:
12640:
12639:
12634:
12629:
12624:
12619:
12613:
12611:
12607:
12606:
12604:
12603:
12601:Maqpon Dynasty
12598:
12592:
12587:
12582:
12577:
12572:
12567:
12562:
12557:
12552:
12550:Durrani Empire
12547:
12541:
12539:
12535:
12534:
12532:
12531:
12526:
12521:
12515:
12513:
12509:
12508:
12505:
12504:
12485:Nepal–Sikh War
12483:
12481:
12477:
12476:
12474:
12473:
12468:
12463:
12458:
12452:
12450:
12444:
12443:
12441:
12440:
12435:
12430:
12425:
12419:
12417:
12411:
12410:
12408:
12407:
12402:
12397:
12392:
12387:
12382:
12376:
12374:
12368:
12367:
12365:
12364:
12359:
12354:
12349:
12344:
12339:
12334:
12329:
12324:
12319:
12314:
12309:
12304:
12299:
12294:
12289:
12284:
12279:
12274:
12268:
12266:
12257:
12251:
12250:
12248:
12247:
12242:
12237:
12232:
12227:
12222:
12217:
12211:
12209:
12205:
12204:
12197:
12196:
12189:
12182:
12174:
12168:
12166:
12160:
12159:
12157:
12156:
12155:
12154:
12144:
12139:
12138:
12137:
12132:
12130:Damdami Taksal
12122:
12117:
12116:
12115:
12105:
12104:
12103:
12098:
12093:
12088:
12083:
12078:
12073:
12068:
12063:
12058:
12047:
12045:
12037:
12036:
12034:
12033:
12032:
12031:
12021:
12020:
12019:
12014:
12009:
12004:
11997:United Kingdom
11994:
11989:
11984:
11979:
11974:
11969:
11964:
11959:
11954:
11949:
11944:
11939:
11934:
11929:
11924:
11919:
11914:
11909:
11904:
11899:
11894:
11889:
11888:
11887:
11882:
11877:
11867:
11862:
11857:
11852:
11847:
11842:
11837:
11832:
11831:
11830:
11820:
11815:
11810:
11805:
11800:
11795:
11789:
11787:
11781:
11780:
11778:
11777:
11772:
11767:
11762:
11757:
11752:
11747:
11742:
11737:
11732:
11727:
11722:
11717:
11716:
11715:
11714:
11713:
11708:
11703:
11698:
11688:
11683:
11678:
11667:
11665:
11659:
11658:
11656:
11655:
11650:
11648:Sukhmani Sahib
11645:
11640:
11635:
11630:
11625:
11620:
11615:
11613:Sarbloh Granth
11610:
11605:
11599:
11597:
11591:
11590:
11588:
11587:
11582:
11577:
11572:
11567:
11562:
11557:
11552:
11547:
11542:
11537:
11532:
11527:
11522:
11517:
11512:
11507:
11502:
11497:
11492:
11490:Sikh practices
11487:
11481:
11479:
11473:
11472:
11470:
11469:
11464:
11463:
11462:
11452:
11447:
11442:
11437:
11431:
11429:
11423:
11422:
11420:
11419:
11413:
11408:
11403:
11398:
11393:
11391:Guru Hargobind
11388:
11383:
11378:
11373:
11368:
11362:
11360:
11354:
11353:
11344:
11341:
11340:
11333:
11332:
11325:
11318:
11310:
11304:
11303:
11295:
11294:External links
11292:
11290:
11289:
11275:
11261:
11245:
11231:
11207:
11193:
11180:
11166:
11153:
11139:
11124:
11122:
11119:
11117:
11116:
11106:(6): 975–997.
11095:
11065:
11063:
11060:
11058:
11057:
11031:
11005:
10984:
10966:
10943:
10926:Bharat Rakshak
10912:
10882:
10852:
10814:
10802:
10776:
10746:
10715:
10681:
10656:Ishtiaq, Ahmad
10647:
10616:
10605:. 27 June 2007
10590:
10578:
10550:
10524:
10495:
10462:
10433:
10400:
10386:
10346:
10321:
10306:
10296:
10262:
10248:978-0226615936
10247:
10227:
10204:
10181:
10158:
10128:
10114:
10100:
10082:
10056:
10038:
10020:
10001:
9970:
9943:
9921:
9882:
9860:
9837:
9814:
9795:(3): 474–476.
9779:
9758:
9744:
9730:
9716:
9697:
9684:
9666:
9650:"Irish census"
9641:
9611:
9586:
9577:
9551:
9521:
9493:
9481:www.ons.gov.uk
9465:
9439:
9415:
9398:
9366:
9348:
9330:
9312:
9309:. 12 May 2016.
9298:
9280:
9275:Indian Express
9262:
9257:Times of India
9244:
9224:
9210:
9196:
9170:
9144:
9122:
9097:
9071:
9045:
9019:
9008:on 5 June 2011
8993:
8967:
8954:
8928:
8913:
8906:
8888:
8862:
8860:, p. 976.
8850:
8836:
8816:
8791:
8768:
8761:
8743:
8736:
8716:
8709:
8691:
8673:
8655:
8641:
8615:
8593:
8567:
8546:
8525:
8504:
8497:
8479:
8472:
8454:
8422:
8396:
8366:
8347:
8338:, p. 226.
8328:
8322:978-0836456547
8321:
8301:
8266:
8244:
8235:, p. 143.
8222:
8215:
8197:
8178:
8164:
8144:
8117:(2): 229–247.
8101:
8092:, p. 205.
8082:
8051:
8045:
8020:
8011:, p. 189.
7996:
7987:, p. 426.
7974:
7967:
7947:
7938:, p. 188.
7928:
7909:
7890:
7881:, p. 186.
7871:
7862:, p. 392.
7852:
7809:
7786:
7770:
7748:
7722:
7708:
7688:
7674:
7654:
7640:
7620:
7606:
7586:
7579:
7561:
7534:
7485:water-carriers
7450:) and Lohars (
7433:
7380:
7373:
7353:
7342:
7322:
7315:
7289:
7263:
7256:
7235:
7209:
7198:on 4 June 2011
7183:
7164:
7132:
7106:
7073:
7043:
7017:
6984:
6977:
6956:
6926:
6919:
6899:
6852:
6803:
6777:
6770:
6752:
6745:
6727:
6709:
6691:
6673:
6655:
6603:
6585:
6564:
6546:
6531:
6501:
6483:
6476:
6456:
6438:
6410:
6375:
6349:
6327:
6309:
6287:
6259:
6218:
6200:
6178:
6164:
6150:
6124:
6121:. 18 May 2016.
6110:
6091:
6088:. 2 June 2022.
6073:
6055:
6033:
6012:
5991:
5985:
5979:
5954:
5930:
5906:
5895:
5874:
5850:
5825:
5800:
5776:
5768:Pakistan Today
5752:
5744:Daily Pakistan
5728:
5704:
5691:Sikh Coalition
5661:
5636:
5610:
5599:. 19 July 2012
5584:
5578:
5549:
5520:
5495:
5467:
5438:
5410:
5398:Sikh Coalition
5385:
5360:
5348:Sikh Coalition
5335:
5306:
5275:
5249:
5224:
5199:
5173:
5148:
5143:www.ons.gov.uk
5130:
5104:
5067:
5061:
5040:
5026:
5001:
4995:
4977:
4947:
4923:
4899:
4870:
4841:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4801:
4759:
4750:
4705:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4689:
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4687:
4682:
4677:
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4647:
4642:
4635:
4632:
4631:
4630:
4624:
4617:
4615:
4605:
4598:
4596:
4590:
4583:
4581:
4570:
4563:
4561:
4551:
4544:
4491:Memorial Gates
4424:Battle Honours
4392:Main article:
4389:
4386:
4349:Diljit Dosanjh
4310:Poonam Dhillon
4294:Diljit Dosanjh
4263:Maninder Singh
4255:cricket bowler
4144:Manmohan Singh
4137:Main article:
4134:
4131:
4102:
4099:
4019:As Sikhs wear
4005:
4002:
3998:Punjabi Hindus
3822:(Ironsmiths),
3801:(Carpenters),
3755:
3752:
3685:socio-economic
3671:
3668:
3604:United Kingdom
3596:British Empire
3587:
3584:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3548:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3527:
3526:
3523:
3520:
3506:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3485:
3484:
3481:
3478:
3464:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3443:
3442:
3439:
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3415:
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3355:
3352:
3338:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3275:
3274:
3271:
3256:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3230:
3229:
3226:
3212:
3209:
3191:, behind only
3122:
3119:
3083:Damdami Taksal
3040:Anandpur Sahib
3028:New York Times
2963:
2960:
2935:Gurmat Sangeet
2899:Guru Hargobind
2893:. Playing the
2871:Main article:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2841:
2833:
2815:
2803:
2739:
2736:
2655:
2641:
2638:
2621:
2618:
2571:
2568:
2423:
2420:
2177:
2174:
2154:Akali movement
2143:colonial India
2102:
2099:
1968:in India, two
1935:
1934:
1929:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1870:('carpenters')
1865:
1843:
1833:
1807:Pashaura Singh
1746:Guru Arjan Dev
1736:, present-day
1696:Main article:
1693:
1690:
1688:case in 1982.
1638:
1637:
1629:
1621:
1605:
1597:
1563:initiation by
1544:welfare of all
1495:
1494:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1403:region of the
1391:who adhere to
1296:American Sikhs
1266:
1265:
1263:
1262:
1255:
1248:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1198:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1113:
1109:General topics
1106:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1080:Keshgarh Sahib
1077:
1072:
1067:
1061:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1032:
1029:Sarbloh Granth
1025:
1018:
1010:
1003:
1002:
999:
998:
995:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
912:
905:
904:
901:
900:
897:
896:
891:
886:
879:
870:
861:
852:
844:
837:
836:
833:
832:
829:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
721:Bhagat Bhikhan
718:
716:Bhagat Sadhana
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
691:Bhagat Ravidas
688:
682:
675:
674:
671:
670:
667:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
639:Guru Hargobind
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
610:
603:
602:
599:
598:
597:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
568:
567:
559:
558:
552:
551:
534:, you may see
522:
515:
514:
513:
510:
509:
508:
507:
479:
449:Modern Punjabi
446:
442:
441:
437:
436:
434:Sarbloh Granth
422:
421:
417:
416:
405:
404:
400:
399:
396:
390:
389:
386:
380:
379:
368:
362:
361:
358:
352:
351:
348:
342:
341:
338:
332:
331:
328:
322:
321:
318:
312:
311:
308:
302:
301:
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288:
282:
281:
278:
272:
271:
268:
262:
261:
258:
252:
251:
248:
242:
241:
238:
232:
231:
228:
222:
221:
218:
212:
211:
208:
202:
201:
198:
192:
191:
188:
182:
181:
178:
172:
171:
168:
162:
161:
158:
152:
151:
148:
142:
141:
138:
132:
131:
128:
126:United Kingdom
122:
121:
118:
112:
111:
108:
102:
101:
97:
96:
90:
89:
85:
84:
74:
73:
69:
68:
59:
51:
50:
43:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13360:
13349:
13346:
13344:
13341:
13339:
13336:
13334:
13331:
13329:
13326:
13325:
13323:
13310:
13302:
13292:
13286:
13283:
13281:
13278:
13276:
13275:Kesgarh Sahib
13273:
13271:
13270:Damdama Sahib
13268:
13266:
13263:
13262:
13260:
13258:
13254:
13248:
13245:
13240:
13236:
13233:
13231:
13228:
13226:
13223:
13222:
13221:
13218:
13216:
13213:
13211:
13208:
13206:
13203:
13201:
13198:
13196:
13193:
13191:
13188:
13186:
13183:
13179:
13176:
13175:
13174:
13171:
13169:
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13159:
13156:
13154:
13151:
13149:
13146:
13144:
13141:
13139:
13136:
13134:
13131:
13129:
13126:
13124:
13121:
13119:
13118:Sikh Regiment
13116:
13112:
13109:
13108:
13107:
13104:
13102:
13099:
13097:
13094:
13092:
13089:
13087:
13084:
13082:
13079:
13077:
13074:
13072:
13069:
13067:
13064:
13062:
13059:
13057:
13054:
13052:
13049:
13047:
13044:
13042:
13039:
13037:
13034:
13033:
13031:
13029:
13025:
13019:
13016:
13012:
13009:
13008:
13007:
13004:
13002:
12999:
12997:
12994:
12993:
12991:
12989:
12985:
12973:
12970:
12968:
12965:
12963:
12960:
12958:
12955:
12953:
12950:
12949:
12947:
12943:
12937:
12936:Tiwana family
12934:
12932:
12929:
12927:
12924:
12923:
12921:
12917:
12907:
12904:
12902:
12899:
12897:
12896:Josiah Harlan
12894:
12892:
12889:
12887:
12884:
12882:
12879:
12877:
12874:
12872:
12869:
12867:
12864:
12863:
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12766:
12763:
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12751:
12748:
12746:
12743:
12741:
12740:Jawahar Singh
12738:
12736:
12733:
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12728:
12726:
12723:
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12718:
12716:
12715:Zorawar Singh
12713:
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12627:Harkishangarh
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12568:
12566:
12563:
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12556:
12553:
12551:
12548:
12546:
12545:Mughal Empire
12543:
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12540:
12536:
12530:
12527:
12525:
12522:
12520:
12517:
12516:
12514:
12510:
12502:
12498:
12494:
12490:
12489:Sino-Sikh war
12486:
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12472:
12469:
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12360:
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12357:Gurdas Nangal
12355:
12353:
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12345:
12343:
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12332:Chappar Chiri
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12120:Agrahari Sikh
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12048:
12046:
12044:
12041:Groups, sects
12038:
12030:
12029:U.S. Military
12027:
12026:
12025:
12024:United States
12022:
12018:
12015:
12013:
12010:
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12005:
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11999:
11998:
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11993:
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11763:
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11748:
11746:
11743:
11741:
11740:Khanda museum
11738:
11736:
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11726:
11723:
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11711:North America
11709:
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11551:
11548:
11546:
11543:
11541:
11540:Three Pillars
11538:
11536:
11535:Antam Sanskar
11533:
11531:
11528:
11526:
11525:Amrit Sanchar
11523:
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11518:
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11511:
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11480:
11478:
11474:
11468:
11465:
11461:
11458:
11457:
11456:
11453:
11451:
11450:The 52 Hukams
11448:
11446:
11443:
11441:
11438:
11436:
11433:
11432:
11430:
11428:
11424:
11417:
11414:
11412:
11409:
11407:
11404:
11402:
11399:
11397:
11394:
11392:
11389:
11387:
11384:
11382:
11379:
11377:
11376:Guru Amar Das
11374:
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11369:
11367:
11364:
11363:
11361:
11359:
11355:
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11342:
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11262:
11259:
11258:0-226-61592-8
11255:
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11225:
11224:
11219:
11215:
11211:
11208:
11205:
11204:0-8153-2985-7
11201:
11197:
11194:
11192:
11191:0-231-06815-8
11188:
11184:
11181:
11178:
11177:0-521-63764-3
11174:
11170:
11167:
11165:
11164:0-385-50206-0
11161:
11157:
11154:
11151:
11150:0-19-567308-5
11147:
11143:
11140:
11137:
11136:81-900650-2-5
11133:
11129:
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11113:
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11035:
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11015:
11009:
10994:
10988:
10980:
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10970:
10962:
10958:
10957:The Telegraph
10954:
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10916:
10900:
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10892:
10886:
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10866:
10859:
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10840:
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10806:
10790:
10786:
10780:
10765:on 5 May 2008
10764:
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10635:
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10627:
10620:
10604:
10600:
10594:
10587:
10582:
10567:. 18 May 2019
10566:
10565:
10560:
10554:
10539:. 19 May 2019
10538:
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10512:
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10499:
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10335:
10331:
10325:
10317:
10310:
10303:
10299:
10293:
10289:
10285:
10281:
10280:Ember, Melvin
10277:
10273:
10266:
10250:
10244:
10240:
10239:
10231:
10215:
10208:
10192:
10185:
10169:
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10133:
10124:
10118:
10110:
10104:
10096:
10092:
10086:
10071:
10067:
10060:
10052:
10051:www.dailyo.in
10048:
10042:
10034:
10030:
10024:
10016:
10012:
10005:
9989:
9985:
9984:Tribune India
9981:
9974:
9958:
9954:
9947:
9931:
9925:
9906:
9902:
9895:
9889:
9887:
9870:
9864:
9849:. NRIinternet
9848:
9841:
9826:. NRIinternet
9825:
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9783:
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9023:
9007:
9003:
8997:
8981:
8977:
8971:
8964:
8958:
8951:
8938:
8932:
8924:
8917:
8909:
8907:1-85127-069-8
8903:
8899:
8892:
8877:
8873:
8866:
8859:
8858:Van Dyke 2009
8854:
8839:
8837:9788171418794
8833:
8829:
8828:
8820:
8813:
8808:
8807:0-8122-1743-8
8804:
8800:
8795:
8788:
8784:
8783:1-86064-169-5
8780:
8777:
8772:
8764:
8758:
8754:
8747:
8739:
8737:9781134135707
8733:
8730:. Routledge.
8729:
8728:
8720:
8712:
8706:
8702:
8695:
8687:
8683:
8677:
8669:
8665:
8659:
8651:
8645:
8630:. p. 305
8629:
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8603:
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8581:
8577:
8571:
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8550:
8535:
8529:
8514:
8508:
8500:
8498:9788170171744
8494:
8490:
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8475:
8473:9780739178744
8469:
8465:
8458:
8439:
8432:
8426:
8410:
8406:
8400:
8384:
8380:
8379:Tribune India
8376:
8370:
8363:. p. 24.
8362:
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8337:
8332:
8324:
8318:
8314:
8313:
8305:
8297:
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8281:
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8256:
8251:
8249:
8240:
8234:
8229:
8227:
8218:
8212:
8208:
8201:
8193:
8188:, p. 30.
8187:
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8167:
8161:
8157:
8156:
8148:
8140:
8136:
8132:
8128:
8124:
8120:
8116:
8112:
8111:Social Change
8105:
8097:
8091:
8086:
8070:
8066:
8062:
8055:
8048:
8042:
8038:
8037:
8029:
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8025:
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8001:
7992:
7986:
7981:
7979:
7970:
7968:9780143100362
7964:
7960:
7959:
7951:
7943:
7937:
7932:
7924:
7919:, p. 96.
7918:
7913:
7905:
7900:, p. 93.
7899:
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7709:0-19-280601-7
7705:
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7675:9780226615929
7671:
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7609:
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7580:0-19-566111-7
7576:
7572:
7565:
7557:
7553:
7549:
7545:
7538:
7531:
7470:), Chhimbas (
7436:
7434:9780199087808
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6627:
6622:
6619:(47): 23–32.
6618:
6614:
6607:
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6340:Outlook India
6337:
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6229:
6222:
6215:. 6 May 2017.
6214:
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6182:
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6105:Khaleej Times
6102:
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5892:
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5867:
5866:Global Indian
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5553:
5546:
5535:. 23 May 2022
5534:
5530:
5524:
5517:
5505:
5499:
5492:
5481:
5477:
5471:
5464:
5452:
5448:
5442:
5435:
5424:
5420:
5414:
5399:
5395:
5389:
5374:
5370:
5364:
5349:
5345:
5344:"About Sikhs"
5339:
5323:
5319:
5313:
5311:
5295:
5288:
5282:
5280:
5263:
5259:
5253:
5238:
5234:
5228:
5213:
5209:
5203:
5187:
5183:
5177:
5158:
5152:
5144:
5140:
5134:
5119:
5115:
5108:
5093:
5089:
5082:
5080:
5078:
5076:
5074:
5072:
5065:
5050:
5044:
5036:
5030:
5014:
5008:
5006:
4999:
4991:
4987:
4981:
4974:
4963:
4962:
4957:
4951:
4944:
4933:
4927:
4920:
4909:
4903:
4896:
4884:
4880:
4874:
4867:
4856:. 9 July 2020
4855:
4851:
4845:
4838:
4826:
4820:
4816:
4798:
4797:
4795:
4790:
4789:
4777:
4774:
4764:
4754:
4747:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4715:
4709:
4700:
4696:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4637:
4628:
4621:
4616:
4613:
4609:
4602:
4597:
4594:
4587:
4582:
4578:
4574:
4573:Sikh Regiment
4567:
4562:
4559:
4555:
4552:Sikhs in the
4548:
4543:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4535:
4531:
4527:
4523:
4519:
4515:
4514:Sikh Regiment
4511:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4496:
4492:
4488:
4484:
4480:
4476:
4472:
4467:
4465:
4461:
4457:
4453:
4449:
4448:Kirti Chakras
4445:
4441:
4437:
4433:
4429:
4425:
4421:
4417:
4416:Sikh Regiment
4413:
4409:
4405:
4401:
4395:
4385:
4383:
4381:
4376:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4358:
4354:
4350:
4346:
4341:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4303:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4275:
4270:
4268:
4264:
4260:
4256:
4253:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4236:Sandeep Singh
4233:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4220:Monty Panesar
4216:
4214:
4210:
4207:
4204:billionaire.
4203:
4202:Indo-Canadian
4200:is the first
4199:
4193:
4188:
4185:is headed by
4184:
4180:
4176:
4171:
4169:
4165:
4161:
4157:
4153:
4148:
4145:
4140:
4139:List of Sikhs
4130:
4127:
4126:Vandana Shiva
4124:
4120:
4116:
4112:
4111:Ishtiaq Ahmad
4108:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4083:
4077:
4071:
4069:
4064:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4049:Sikh-American
4046:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4014:
4010:
4001:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3990:Sindhi Hindus
3987:
3983:
3978:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3921:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3872:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3849:
3848:
3843:
3839:
3838:
3833:
3832:
3828:(Merchants),
3827:
3826:
3821:
3819:
3814:
3813:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3799:
3794:
3790:
3789:
3784:
3780:
3776:
3772:
3768:
3763:
3761:
3751:
3749:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3706:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3690:
3686:
3676:
3667:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3652:Reggio Emilia
3647:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3592:British India
3583:
3575:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3508:
3507:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3466:
3465:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3403:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3340:
3339:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3277:
3276:
3272:
3269:
3258:
3257:
3250:
3247:
3243:
3232:
3231:
3224:
3223:
3217:
3208:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3181:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3158:Uttar Pradesh
3155:
3151:
3147:
3137:
3132:
3131:Punjabi Sikhs
3128:
3118:
3116:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3087:Sarbat Khalsa
3084:
3080:
3076:
3075:Babbar Khalsa
3072:
3068:
3064:
3059:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3036:Sikh diaspora
3033:
3030:by an expat (
3029:
3025:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2994:
2990:
2981:
2973:
2968:
2959:
2957:
2943:
2942:Ranjit nagara
2938:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2921:, all of the
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2874:
2865:
2856:
2851:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2775:The five Ks (
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2735:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2665:
2661:
2658:Fourth Mehl (
2654:
2649:
2647:
2640:Daily routine
2637:
2635:
2631:
2630:Mount Kailash
2627:
2617:
2615:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2599:Kangra school
2593:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2576:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2552:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2461:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2429:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2393:Golden Temple
2386:
2382:
2381:Indira Gandhi
2374:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2344:
2342:
2338:
2333:
2330:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2297:
2295:
2291:
2290:Golden Temple
2287:
2283:
2279:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2165:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2131:Indian mutiny
2128:
2120:
2115:
2107:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2036:
2032:
2025:
2020:
2014:
2013:Golden Temple
2009:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1966:Mughal Empire
1959:
1954:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1900:('washermen')
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:(such as the
1837:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1785:
1773:
1772:
1757:
1756:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1738:Nankana Sahib
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1708:
1704:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1646:
1642:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1566:
1557:
1556:
1555:Amrit Sanchar
1550:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1518:
1517:
1502:
1501:
1492:
1491:Amrit Sanchar
1488:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1458:
1457:
1456:Rehat Maryada
1450:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1376:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1351:
1333:
1332:
1324:
1306:
1302:
1294:
1287:
1286:Jagmeet Singh
1283:
1276:
1272:
1261:
1256:
1254:
1249:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1191:
1190:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1085:Damdama Sahib
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1053:
1046:
1045:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1001:
1000:
993:
992:Antam Sanskar
990:
988:
985:
983:
982:Amrit Sanskar
980:
978:
975:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
913:
910:
903:
902:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
884:
880:
878:
876:
871:
869:
867:
862:
860:
858:
853:
851:
850:
846:
845:
842:
835:
834:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
801:Bhatt Mathura
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
786:Bhatt Harbans
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
761:Bhatt Kalshar
759:
757:
754:
752:
751:Bhagat Jaidev
749:
747:
746:Bhagat Surdas
744:
742:
739:
737:
736:Bhagat Dhanna
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
711:Bhagat Namdev
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
683:
680:
673:
672:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
624:Guru Amar Das
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
611:
608:
601:
600:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
571:
570:
569:
565:
561:
560:
557:
554:
553:
549:
545:
544:
537:
533:
529:
527:
505:
501:
498:
497:
495:
491:
487:
483:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
443:
438:
435:
431:
427:
423:
418:
415:
411:
406:
401:
397:
395:
391:
387:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
367:
363:
359:
357:
353:
349:
347:
343:
340:10,000–15,000
339:
337:
333:
329:
327:
323:
319:
317:
313:
309:
307:
303:
299:
297:
293:
289:
287:
283:
279:
277:
273:
269:
267:
263:
259:
257:
253:
249:
247:
243:
239:
237:
233:
229:
227:
223:
219:
217:
213:
209:
207:
203:
199:
197:
193:
189:
187:
183:
179:
177:
173:
169:
167:
163:
159:
157:
153:
149:
147:
143:
139:
137:
136:United States
133:
129:
127:
123:
119:
117:
113:
109:
107:
103:
98:
95:
91:
86:
75:
70:
66:
62:
57:
52:
47:
41:
36:
30:
26:
22:
13247:Sacred trees
13028:Other topics
13001:Hola Mohalla
12830:Ilahi Bakhsh
12690:Diwan Mulraj
12680:Pratap Singh
12637:Zorawar Fort
12292:2nd Anandpur
12287:1st Anandpur
12245:Duleep Singh
12220:Kharak Singh
12215:Ranjit Singh
12108:Mazhabi Sikh
11967:South Africa
11735:Kesgarh Qila
11681:Janam Asthan
11663:Architecture
11608:Dasam Granth
11575:Charhdi Kala
11455:Prohibitions
11396:Guru Har Rai
11381:Guru Ram Das
11277:
11263:
11247:
11233:
11228:Google Books
11221:
11209:
11195:
11182:
11168:
11155:
11141:
11127:
11103:
11100:Asian Survey
11099:
11074:
11070:
11048:. Retrieved
11044:the original
11034:
11022:. Retrieved
11018:the original
11008:
10996:. Retrieved
10987:
10978:
10969:
10961:the original
10956:
10946:
10934:. Retrieved
10930:the original
10925:
10915:
10903:. Retrieved
10899:the original
10894:
10885:
10873:. Retrieved
10869:NRI Internet
10868:
10833:(1): 48–49.
10830:
10826:
10805:
10793:. Retrieved
10788:
10779:
10767:. Retrieved
10763:the original
10758:
10749:
10737:. Retrieved
10733:the original
10729:JASPAL Group
10728:
10718:
10708:12 September
10706:. Retrieved
10695:the original
10684:
10672:. Retrieved
10668:the original
10663:
10650:
10638:. Retrieved
10634:the original
10629:
10619:
10607:. Retrieved
10602:
10593:
10581:
10569:. Retrieved
10562:
10553:
10541:. Retrieved
10536:
10527:
10515:. Retrieved
10510:
10498:
10486:. Retrieved
10482:the original
10475:
10465:
10453:. Retrieved
10448:
10424:. Retrieved
10420:the original
10415:
10389:
10373:
10361:
10337:. Retrieved
10333:
10324:
10315:
10314:Don (2015).
10309:
10301:
10283:
10265:
10252:. Retrieved
10237:
10230:
10218:. Retrieved
10207:
10195:. Retrieved
10184:
10172:. Retrieved
10161:
10147:(19): 1822.
10144:
10140:
10117:
10103:
10094:
10085:
10073:. Retrieved
10069:
10059:
10050:
10041:
10032:
10023:
10014:
10004:
9992:. Retrieved
9988:the original
9983:
9973:
9961:. Retrieved
9956:
9946:
9934:. Retrieved
9924:
9912:. Retrieved
9905:the original
9900:
9873:. Retrieved
9863:
9851:. Retrieved
9840:
9828:. Retrieved
9817:
9792:
9788:
9782:
9774:the original
9768:
9761:
9747:
9733:
9719:
9706:
9700:
9692:
9687:
9678:
9669:
9657:. Retrieved
9654:Irish census
9653:
9644:
9632:. Retrieved
9628:the original
9623:
9614:
9602:. Retrieved
9598:
9589:
9580:
9568:. Retrieved
9564:the original
9554:
9544:24 September
9542:. Retrieved
9538:the original
9533:
9524:
9512:. Retrieved
9508:
9496:
9484:. Retrieved
9480:
9456:. Retrieved
9452:
9442:
9434:the original
9427:
9418:
9401:
9389:. Retrieved
9369:
9361:the original
9351:
9343:vancouversun
9342:
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9183:
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9125:
9113:. Retrieved
9109:
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9083:
9074:
9062:. Retrieved
9058:
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9032:the original
9022:
9012:27 September
9010:. Retrieved
9006:the original
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8984:. Retrieved
8980:the original
8970:
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8948:
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8931:
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8875:
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8627:
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8068:
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7725:
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7698:
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7630:
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7596:
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7480:), Machhis (
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7347:
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7275:
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7119:
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7099:14 September
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7085:
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7060:the original
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6938:
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6789:
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6667:
6664:"2020-12-08"
6658:
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6616:
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6600:. July 2021.
6597:
6588:
6576:. Retrieved
6567:
6558:
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6430:the original
6425:
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6361:
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6270:
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6137:the original
6127:
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5639:
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5587:
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5564:. 5 May 2021
5552:
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5523:
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5470:
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5413:
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5388:
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5363:
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5297:. Retrieved
5268:23 September
5266:. Retrieved
5252:
5242:23 September
5240:. Retrieved
5227:
5215:. Retrieved
5202:
5190:. Retrieved
5186:the original
5176:
5164:. Retrieved
5151:
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5117:
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5091:
5064:
5052:. Retrieved
5043:
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4989:
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4959:
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4935:. Retrieved
4926:
4918:
4911:. Retrieved
4902:
4894:
4887:. Retrieved
4885:. 5 May 2021
4873:
4865:
4858:. Retrieved
4844:
4836:
4829:. Retrieved
4819:
4793:
4792:
4787:
4786:
4775:
4772:
4762:
4760:
4753:
4708:
4699:
4665:Mazhabi Sikh
4627:World War II
4612:Nazi Germany
4540:cemeteries.
4538:Commonwealth
4518:World War II
4507:
4487:George Cross
4468:
4412:Jat Regiment
4397:
4384:
4377:
4342:
4306:Simran Judge
4300:; actresses
4282:Jagjit Singh
4271:
4259:Yuvraj Singh
4224:Milkha Singh
4217:
4206:Mastercard's
4183:Apollo Tyres
4172:
4160:fibre-optics
4149:
4142:
4104:
4084:
4072:
4065:
4018:
4013:Nagar kirtan
3986:Nanakpanthis
3979:
3873:
3859:
3852:
3846:
3835:
3830:
3824:
3817:
3811:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3764:
3757:
3728:Indian Sikhs
3710:
3694:
3689:Indian Sikhs
3681:
3664:horticulture
3648:
3632:
3589:
3580:
3228:Latest data
3214:
3182:
3142:
3121:Demographics
3111:
3090:
3060:
3027:
3021:
2977:
2956:Nishan Sahib
2949:victory drum
2941:
2939:
2910:
2903:Bhai Mardana
2889:, jori, and
2876:
2855:
2849:
2843:
2835:
2827:
2823:
2817:
2811:
2805:
2797:
2791:
2780:
2776:
2774:
2717:
2670:
2663:
2660:Guru Ram Das
2651:
2643:
2623:
2611:
2596:
2584:Bhai Mardana
2578:Painting of
2566:
2555:
2547:
2539:Hola Mohalla
2532:
2516:
2500:Ranjit Singh
2489:
2481:United Sikhs
2473:architecture
2466:
2401:
2372:
2370:
2345:
2334:
2326:
2298:
2274:
2250:
2179:
2161:
2151:
2124:
2040:
1963:
1936:
1827:
1810:
1805:
1786:
1769:
1763:beloved five
1753:
1712:
1678:ethnic group
1650:
1632:
1623:
1617:
1613:
1607:
1600:
1584:
1553:
1551:
1534:
1514:
1498:
1496:
1455:
1451:
1420:
1412:
1397:15th century
1304:
1300:
1299:
1034:
1027:
1022:Dasam Granth
1020:
1013:
921:Prohibitions
894:Five Virtues
889:Five Thieves
881:
875:Charhdi Kalā
847:
781:Bhatt Gayand
696:Bhagat Farid
686:Bhagat Kabir
644:Guru Har Rai
629:Guru Ram Das
573:
523:
492:script) and
477:Historical:
476:
430:Dasam Granth
186:Saudi Arabia
81: 25–30
29:
13285:Patna Sahib
13280:Hazur Sahib
12815:Hukma Singh
12730:Gulab Singh
12660:Dhian Singh
12632:Lahore Fort
12622:Multan Fort
12617:Jamrud Fort
12570:Qing Empire
12538:Adversaries
12524:Fauj-i-Khas
12201:Sikh Empire
12164:Sikh Empire
12142:Singh Sabha
12071:Nanakpanthi
11982:Switzerland
11972:South Korea
11932:New Zealand
11927:Netherlands
11798:Afghanistan
11628:Japji Sahib
11560:The Five Ks
11555:Vand Chhako
11520:Anand Karaj
11077:: 125–156.
10664:Daily Times
10339:26 December
10075:8 September
9705:"Sikhism".
9486:29 November
8447:20 November
8336:Grewal 1998
8090:Grewal 1998
8009:Grewal 1998
7936:Grewal 1998
7879:Grewal 1998
7490:), Dhobis (
7455:blacksmiths
7228:10 February
7157:24 November
6838:11089/38783
6823:: 167–182.
6790:India Today
6648:4 September
6273:(in German)
5674:2020 census
5670:U.S. Census
5019:15 February
4746:Sikh Empire
4577:World War I
4475:World War I
4462:for a Sikh
4456:Arjan Singh
4452:Vir Chakras
4400:Indian Army
4365:Karan Aujla
4302:Neetu Singh
4168:Simon Singh
4107:agriculture
4101:Agriculture
3894:, Bawaria,
3834:(Potters),
3785:(Brewers),
3740:New Zealand
3724:New Zealand
3660:agriculture
3643:Afghanistan
3616:East Africa
3350:New Zealand
3251:16,004,754
3166:Uttarakhand
3052:Congress(I)
2919:Japji Sahib
2777:panj kakaar
2744:The Five Ks
2685:Japji Sahib
2679:Amritdhari
2614:Janamsakhis
2607:Guler State
2603:Kangra Fort
2490:During the
2442:Nakashi art
2412:Canada Post
2246:East Punjab
2238:West Punjab
2147:Singh Sabha
2139:British Raj
2119:John McCosh
2095:Khyber Pass
2059:Sikh Empire
1958:Sikh Empire
1906:('potters')
1882:('barbers')
1817:Bhai Gurdas
1730:Mata Tripta
1616:strap or a
1411:. The term
1095:Hazur Sahib
1090:Patna Sahib
987:Anand Karaj
946:The Five Ks
866:Vand Chakkō
826:Balvand Rai
816:Baba Sundar
796:Bhatt Kirat
791:Bhatt Jalap
776:Bhatt Bhika
771:Bhatt Bhalh
741:Bhagat Pipa
731:Bhagat Sain
706:Bhagat Beni
500:Sant Bhasha
494:Khalsa bole
374:), 20,000 (
306:Netherlands
216:New Zealand
206:Philippines
13322:Categories
13265:Akal Takht
13205:In Fiction
13190:Ravidassia
13158:Dharamyudh
13081:Literature
13071:Panj Pyare
13011:Mela Maghi
12859:Foreigners
12820:Veer Singh
12795:Chandu Lal
12529:Fauj-i-Ain
12235:Sher Singh
12230:Chand Kaur
12086:Sewapanthi
11813:Bangladesh
11785:By country
11755:Pul Kanjri
11725:Fateh Burj
11638:Jaap Sahib
11623:Mul Mantar
11545:Kirat Karo
11530:Amrit Velā
11515:Naam Karan
11495:Sikh rites
11427:Philosophy
11386:Guru Arjan
11371:Guru Angad
11366:Guru Nanak
11302:at the BBC
10517:1 February
10254:15 January
10220:10 January
10197:10 January
10174:10 January
10095:Worldatlas
9509:Abs.gov.au
9458:26 October
9064:11 January
9059:Sikh Times
9038:22 January
8986:11 January
8843:25 October
8634:29 January
8255:Karim 1991
8233:Bakke 2015
8186:Karim 1991
7819:GeoJournal
7800:The Nation
7741:19 October
7715:14 January
7647:26 January
7641:0691000433
7613:21 January
7607:0822388111
7510:), Telis (
7445:carpenters
7066:6 November
6949:16 October
6872:(3): 348.
6578:19 January
6368:7 December
6322:Young Post
6196:available.
6064:"Thailand"
5668:While the
5480:ProPublica
5123:26 October
5097:1 December
4807:References
4726:Hikaaitaan
4497:, next to
4373:Miss Pooja
4330:Mona Singh
4290:Sunny Deol
4286:Dharmendra
4232:Dara Singh
4154:scientist
4039:since the
3847:Ravidasias
3798:Ramgarhias
3783:Ahluwalias
3633:After the
3273:4,828,362
3225:Territory
3174:Chandigarh
3024:expatriate
3001:South Asia
2907:Guru Arjan
2873:Sikh music
2781:Amritdhari
2752:Sahajdhari
2689:Jaap Sahib
2626:Bishnumati
2580:Guru Nanak
2477:Guru Nanak
2318:Chandigarh
2286:Akal Takht
2188:fought to
2003:, Pakistan
1974:Guru Arjan
1970:Sikh gurus
1918:goldsmiths
1755:Panj Piare
1726:Mehta Kalu
1724:family to
1714:Guru Nanak
1620:waistband;
1618:kamar kasa
1487:initiation
1409:Guru Nanak
1303:(singular
1147:Literature
1132:Panj Pyare
1075:Akal Takht
1036:Five Banis
977:Naam Karan
936:Amrit Velā
857:Kirat Karō
840:Philosophy
821:Satta Doom
811:Bhatt Salh
806:Bhatt Nalh
766:Bhatt Balh
634:Guru Arjan
619:Guru Angad
614:Guru Nanak
606:Sikh gurus
526:Indic text
504:liturgical
420:Scriptures
94:Guru Nanak
13215:Criticism
13133:Ramananda
12988:Festivals
12725:Lal Singh
12720:Tej Singh
12597:of Poonch
12347:Jalalabad
12256:conflicts
12240:Jind Kaur
12081:Nirankari
11962:Singapore
11892:Indonesia
11828:Vancouver
11803:Australia
11595:Scripture
11550:Naam Japo
11477:Practices
11218:499896556
11156:The Sikhs
11091:145552863
9809:144768462
9137:28 August
8881:28 August
8628:Sikhs.org
8282:(1): 24.
8171:18 August
8131:0049-0857
7917:Deol 2000
7898:Deol 2000
7860:Doad 1997
7847:189881872
7839:1572-9893
7762:Routledge
7495:washermen
7301:The Sikhs
7178:Firstpost
7036:9 January
6886:0031-8221
6847:2450-0127
6643:199837942
6635:2071-7245
6541:236835206
6277:16 August
6254:2077-1444
6238:(2): 76.
6232:Religions
5946:Homegrown
5902:residents
5676:. In the
4967:6 October
4956:"Sikhism"
4812:Citations
4722:Zafarnama
4718:Aurangzeb
4510:Gallipoli
4420:regiments
4361:Ammy Virk
4326:Gul Panag
4318:Esha Deol
4314:Mahi Gill
4123:physicist
4035:, and/or
3960:Ramgharia
3910:, Darzi,
3867:. In the
3855:gurdwaras
3736:Australia
3720:Australia
3687:reasons,
3624:Singapore
3620:Australia
3586:Migration
3371:Singapore
3329:Australia
3154:Rajasthan
3017:Rajasthan
2970:Sikhs in
2728:Amritvela
2720:52 Hukams
2677:initiated
2644:From the
2634:Kathmandu
2588:Bhai Bala
2520:balusters
2383:launched
2358:Akali Dal
2337:Akali Dal
2214:Khalistan
2210:Akali Dal
2158:gurdwaras
2067:pluralism
1986:Aurangzeb
1947:Chowdhury
1924:(such as
1922:Outcastes
1667:state in
1387:) are an
1167:Criticism
1006:Scripture
908:Practices
849:Naam Japo
440:Languages
403:Religions
336:Indonesia
326:Singapore
286:Hong Kong
156:Australia
13309:Category
13239:Gurmukhī
13230:Punjabis
13173:Hinduism
13101:Politics
13061:Waheguru
13056:Ik Onkar
13018:Vaisakhi
12945:Treaties
12327:Sadhaura
12297:Chamkaur
12254:Military
12096:Ramraiya
12066:Namdhari
12007:Scotland
11987:Thailand
11947:Pakistan
11917:Malaysia
11793:Diaspora
11671:Gurdwara
11346:Glossary
10739:15 April
10603:BBC News
10376:(2004).
10282:(eds.).
9709:. 2007.
9405:Per the
9382:Archived
9189:23 March
9163:23 March
9115:27 April
8943:30 April
8608:19 March
8586:19 March
8389:26 March
8139:55847236
7985:Bal 1985
7246:(2006).
7202:27 April
6967:(2006).
6796:20 April
6496:kumparan
6419:"Cyprus"
6393:Archived
6344:Archived
6271:remid.de
6213:The Wire
5816:The Wire
5792:Bol News
5720:Geo News
5654:14 April
5629:14 April
5603:14 April
5568:28 March
5539:28 March
5510:28 March
5485:28 March
5457:28 March
5428:28 March
5378:14 April
5353:14 April
5328:18 March
5299:14 April
5217:18 March
5054:21 March
4937:28 March
4913:28 March
4889:28 March
4860:28 March
4831:28 March
4734:Gurmukhi
4724:and the
4655:Jat Sikh
4634:See also
4610:flag of
4608:Swastika
4464:infantry
4252:off spin
4175:New Look
4162:pioneer
4080:£229,000
4061:al-Qaeda
4045:Iraq War
4043:and the
4004:Diaspora
3994:Nirmaley
3842:Ramdasia
3803:Brahmins
3705:Santhiya
3628:Thailand
3612:Malaysia
3608:Idi Amin
3564:Pending
3560:Pakistan
3539:Scotland
3392:Thailand
3333:210,400
3312:520,092
3291:771,790
3197:Manitoba
3091:gurmattā
3065:and the
3048:Amritsar
2785:Waheguru
2695:, Sodar
2666:, p. 305
2656:—
2570:Painting
2543:Vaisakhi
2528:Amritsar
2504:Sikh Raj
2502:and the
2450:Amritsar
2404:Vaisakhi
2282:granthis
2164:Gurdwara
2127:Punjabis
2079:Peshawar
1978:Jahangir
1926:Chandals
1886:Chhimbas
1868:Tarkhans
1850:Randhawa
1840:Bhardwaj
1836:Brahmins
1801:Brahmins
1734:Talwandi
1524:princess
1434:disciple
1417:Sanskrit
1127:Waheguru
1117:Ik Onkar
1065:Gurdwara
973:(Turban)
594:Glossary
548:a series
546:Part of
490:Gurmukhi
366:Pakistan
236:Portugal
176:Thailand
166:Malaysia
13301:Outline
13225:History
13168:Jainism
13041:Culture
13036:History
12653:Natives
12595:Sudhans
12342:Lohgarh
12322:Sirhind
12312:Sonepat
12307:Muktsar
12091:Nirmala
12002:England
11860:Germany
11850:Finland
11840:Denmark
11818:Belgium
11808:Austria
11633:Chaupai
11618:Gurbani
11580:Dasvand
11350:History
11337:Sikhism
11300:Sikhism
11050:4 April
11024:4 April
10998:4 April
10936:4 April
10905:4 April
10875:4 April
10847:2760119
10795:4 April
10769:4 April
10700:MS Word
10674:4 April
10640:4 April
10609:4 April
10488:4 April
10455:4 April
10449:UK News
10426:4 April
10416:US News
10370:4413731
10153:4412102
9914:4 April
9853:4 April
9830:4 April
9634:20 July
9604:19 July
9570:18 June
9391:28 July
8582:. Nepal
8560:4 April
8539:4 April
8518:4 April
8415:4 April
8296:2758827
8075:4 April
7525:headmen
7505:potters
7465:barbers
7282:4 April
6894:1398373
6143:11 June
6046:SikhNet
5403:23 July
5192:8 April
5166:8 April
4740:during
4738:Persian
4532:and in
4404:Gurkhas
4369:Jazzy B
4296:writer
4152:nuclear
4057:Arizona
4025:Western
4021:turbans
3976:Kashyap
3972:Tarkhan
3920:Jhinwar
3896:Bazigar
3884:Bairagi
3837:Mazhabi
3831:Kumhars
3825:Labanas
3807:Rajputs
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27:.
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