518:
43:
558:, identified Grassby as being at the "beck and call" of the Calabrian Mafia for at least 40 years. According to the National Crime Authority, the Mafia funded Grassby's election campaigns. One of Al Grassby's closest associates was Toni Sergi, the man identified in court and in Parliament as the Mafia leader who ordered the execution of Donald Mackay.
445:. Cairns appointed Morosi as his Principal Private Secretary, a job traditionally held by a senior public servant. The ensuing controversy surrounding the appointment led to the downfall of Cairns, and, while Grassby was not guilty of any misconduct himself, he attracted criticism by his connection to the case.
389:
As the White
Australia policy had been formally revoked in 1973, Grassby's actions provoked disquiet among sections of the Australian community, including in his Riverina electorate and some of his ALP colleagues, who thought his reforms too radical for the period. However, Grassby could point to his
381:
review of immigration law in 1978 that all selection of prospective migrants based on country of origin was entirely removed from official policy. Grassby did however push for more immigration from non-English-speaking countries, "banned racially selected sporting teams from playing in
Australia and
508:
candidate against
Grassby in 1974. Maher, when asked why Grassby had made the request, replied that it was a matter of his own Sydney electorate's demographics: "I had the biggest concentration of Italians in Haberfield, Five Dock, Concord and Drummoyne. He thought I could play the Italian vote."
509:
Grassby maintained his innocence and fought a twelve-year battle in the courts before he was eventually acquitted on appeal in August 1992. He was awarded $ 180,000 in costs. Grassby had already lost a civil suit filed by
Barbara Mackay, forcing him to unconditionally apologise.
393:
In addition to his high-profile crusade for multiculturalism, Grassby also gained wide attention for his flamboyant dress sense, with his colourful ties and suits setting him apart from the unwritten dress code for politicians of sombre dark suits and plain ties.
751:. Legislative Assembly for the ACT. Page 580. Debate: Theo Notaras Multicultural Centre—proposed statue of Mr Al Grassby. MR HARGREAVES (Brindabella—Minister for the Territory and Municipal Services, Minister for Housing and Minister for Multicultural Affairs)
433:
following encouragement from
Whitlam, who sought to return Grassby to the ministry. However, Grassby surprisingly lost the preselection ballot, because many rank-and-file Labor members objected to an outside candidate being foisted upon them.
429:, which he had championed while in parliament. While he continued to work towards a multicultural Australia, Grassby could not escape controversy. In one case, Grassby nominated for preselection for the safe federal Labor seat of
390:
enormous popularity within multicultural
Australia and the subsequent growth of support for the ALP from this section of the community as more than adequate recompense for any possible loss of support from white Australia.
550:
investigation into the Mafia, and to "let mafia criminals into
Australia", and that he was "paid to do the mafia's bidding", including receiving a $ 40,000 payment from the Griffith Mafia to smear Barbara Mackay.
942:
Mr
Williams - partly due to the lengthy delay in bringing the charge and the fact that Mrs Mackay already had won a civil suit with an unconditional apology from Mr Grassby - permanently stayed the criminal
376:
introduced the
Migration Act 1966, a watershed moment in immigration reform, it effectively dismantled the White Australia policy and led to a large increase in "non-white" immigration. It was not until the
368:. In this role, Grassby became one of the more high-profile members of the Whitlam ministry, and was best known for his role in the initiation of multiculturalism in Australia and the ending of the
1166:
1151:
911:
57:
775:
1191:
317:
525:
Al
Grassby, who had been treated for cancer, died on 23 April 2005, two days after suffering a heart attack, after several months' pneumonia. He was survived by his wife
1171:
569:
to erect a statue of Al Grassby in Canberra has been the subject of some controversy. Grassby's various criminal connections were featured in the television crime drama
441:
to work at the Commission for Community Relations, which brought her into contact with a number of government ministers, including Deputy Prime Minister and Treasurer,
959:
448:
Grassby resigned in the wake of the Nagle inquiry, which found he had been involved in the attempts to table false claims about murdered political candidate
1113:
365:
239:
340:
for Agriculture and Conservation between 1968 and 1969. His high profile and popularity in the local community encouraged him to enter federal politics.
532:
After Grassby's death, a number of revelations were made in the media, particularly in relation to his links with the Calabrian Mafia (known as the
897:
1201:
500:
a document that imputed that Barbara Mackay and her family solicitor were responsible for the disappearance (and probable murder) of her husband
333:
599:
1181:
1206:
643:
1176:
1161:
1156:
705:
337:
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1091:
675:
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493:
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262:
142:
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1211:
1029:
876:
497:
325:
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Following his defeat, Grassby was appointed as the first federal Commissioner for Community Relations, administering the
310:
101:
437:
In another case, he became entangled in one of the more sensational political cases of Australian history when he hired
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1046:
329:
316:
Following the end of the war, Grassby returned to Australia, working as a journalist and information officer for the
402:
361:
353:
231:
33:
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803:
426:
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779:
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254:
562:
1073:
406:
130:
796:
The Man Time Forgot: The Life and Times of John Christian Watson, Australia's First Labor Prime Minister
505:
477:
401:
groups, led by the Immigration Control Association, which targeted his electorate in a campaign at the
964:
881:
648:
604:
537:
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321:
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547:
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and to the events surrounding the murder of Donald Mackay. Beginning on 9 May 2005, the Melbourne
1064:
855:
748:
571:
430:
383:
369:
243:
197:
460:
Grassby published a number of books, including a biography of early Australian Prime Minister
555:
472:
In recognition of his pioneering work on immigration, Grassby was appointed a Member of the
1146:
1141:
1081:
847:
356:. He was the seat's first Labor MP in 24 years, and only the second in 47 years. Following
349:
107:
8:
473:
246:
1006:
984:
819:
799:
517:
378:
1038:
955:
413:, by just 792 votes. Grassby and his supporters accused these groups of mounting a
373:
533:
526:
414:
290:
258:
207:
25:
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ran a series of articles alleging that Grassby used his influence to thwart a
1135:
1123:
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357:
92:
80:
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and his daughter Gabriella Davis, and his partner of 25 years, Angela Chan.
566:
461:
438:
306:
298:
492:
when it was alleged that he had asked a New South Wales state politician,
293:
during the 1930s and 1940s, and Albert was educated partly at schools in
250:
235:
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542:
489:
442:
278:
174:
302:
274:
170:
42:
902:
294:
286:
257:. He gained notoriety by acting as an agent of influence for the
1167:
Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Riverina
1152:
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Australia
282:
737:
Commonwealth Members of Parliament who have served in war
820:"PM - ACT Govt pressured over statue of former minister"
464:
and various studies of multiculturalism in Australia.
253:
and human rights, and is often known as the father of
512:
420:
1192:
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
985:"ACT Govt pressured over statue of former minister"
1172:Members of the Australian House of Representatives
504:, a prominent Riverina businessman who had been a
405:. Partly as a result, Grassby was defeated by the
309:, serving in both infantry units and the British
1133:
954:
324:. In 1965, Grassby was elected as Member of the
268:
895:
761:"Mackay report hits at police chief, Grassby".
898:"Al Grassby, father of multiculturalism, dies"
790:
735:Martin Lumb, Scott Bennett & John Moremon
641:
874:
870:
868:
866:
864:
600:"Whitlam government minister Al Grassby dies"
1007:"Mafia Influence and the Whitlam Government"
372:. This is notwithstanding that in 1966, the
934:"Prosection appeals over Grassby decisions"
931:
397:Grassby's actions attracted criticism from
386:to seek permission before going overseas."
861:
644:"Grassby's legacy of tolerance, diversity"
594:
592:
590:
588:
41:
637:
635:
633:
631:
629:
627:
305:. After he turned 18, Grassby joined the
776:Grassby, A. J. (Albert Jaime), 1926-2005
739:, Canberra: Parliamentary Library, p. 5.
516:
70:19 December 1972 – 12 June 1974
673:
585:
1202:British Army personnel of World War II
1134:
731:
729:
624:
234:(12 July 1926 – 23 April 2005) was an
120:25 October 1969 – 18 May 1974
982:
706:"Mr Albert Jaime Grassby (1926-2005)"
700:
698:
696:
1182:Australian people of Spanish descent
1030:New South Wales Legislative Assembly
914:from the original on 20 January 2010
521:The statue of Al Grassby in Canberra
498:New South Wales Legislative Assembly
348:Grassby won the rural electorate of
273:He was born Albert Jaime Grassby in
261:that murdered anti-drugs campaigner
1207:20th-century Australian politicians
726:
343:
13:
1177:Australian people of Irish descent
875:Sheehan, Paul (16 February 2009).
693:
674:Sheehan, Paul (16 February 2009).
513:Death and subsequent media reports
488:In 1980, Grassby was charged with
421:Commission for Community Relations
14:
1223:
1162:Members of the Order of Australia
1157:Spouses of Australian politicians
896:Heinrichs, Paul (24 April 2005),
877:"Monuments to honesty and deceit"
676:"Monuments to honesty and deceit"
289:descent. His family lived in the
642:Stephens, Tony (25 April 2005).
999:
976:
948:
925:
889:
837:
812:
483:
382:repealed the law that required
1015:(Winter, 2005 ed.). 2005.
784:
778:search author database at the
769:
754:
742:
667:
427:Racial Discrimination Act 1975
1:
983:Harte, Lauren (18 May 2007).
780:National Library of Australia
765:. 2 December 1986. p. 1.
749:Weekly Hansard, 14 March 2007
712:Parliament of New South Wales
578:
301:, his father was killed in a
269:Early life and state politics
255:Australian "multiculturalism"
563:Australian Capital Territory
561:A decision, in 2007, by the
7:
1212:Intelligence Corps soldiers
932:Jenny Cooke (1 June 1988).
554:Giafranco Tizzoni, a Mafia
379:Fraser Liberal government's
352:for the Labor Party at the
10:
1228:
960:"Al Grassby's double life"
794:; Ordonez, Silvia (1999).
478:United Nations Peace Medal
467:
249:. He completed reforms in
1197:Politicians from Brisbane
1120:
1111:
1103:
1098:
1088:
1078:
1070:
1063:
1053:
1043:
1035:
1028:
938:The Sydney Morning Herald
882:The Sydney Morning Herald
854:1 (12 October 1989),
680:The Sydney Morning Herald
649:The Sydney Morning Herald
605:The Sydney Morning Herald
476:in 1985. He received the
455:
322:Griffith, New South Wales
238:politician who served as
221:
213:
203:
193:
181:
157:
152:
148:
136:
124:
113:
98:
86:
74:
63:
56:
52:
40:
23:
1114:Minister for Immigration
565:'s Labor Chief Minister
548:National Crime Authority
366:Minister for Immigration
364:, Grassby was appointed
326:NSW Legislative Assembly
240:Minister for Immigration
58:Minister for Immigration
1065:Parliament of Australia
374:Holt Liberal Government
1187:Australian republicans
710:Former members of the
522:
384:Indigenous Australians
370:White Australia policy
328:for the electorate of
198:Australian Labor Party
848:[1989] HCA 45
520:
354:1969 federal election
102:Australian Parliament
16:Australian politician
987:. ABC Radio National
336:. Grassby served as
228:Albert Jaime Grassby
490:criminal defamation
1099:Political offices
523:
474:Order of Australia
360:'s victory at the
311:Intelligence Corps
247:Whitlam government
1130:
1129:
1121:Succeeded by
1089:Succeeded by
1054:Succeeded by
1012:National Observer
496:, to read in the
403:May 1974 election
332:representing the
225:
224:
1219:
1104:Preceded by
1071:Preceded by
1039:George Enticknap
1036:Preceded by
1026:
1025:
1017:
1016:
1003:
997:
996:
994:
992:
980:
974:
973:
968:. Archived from
956:Kerry-Anne Walsh
952:
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893:
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724:
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686:
671:
665:
664:
662:
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639:
622:
621:
619:
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399:anti-immigration
344:Federal politics
188:
167:
165:
153:Personal details
139:
127:
118:
104:
89:
77:
68:
45:
21:
20:
1227:
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917:
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862:
842:
838:
828:
826:
818:
817:
813:
806:
798:. Pluto Press.
789:
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755:
747:
743:
734:
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715:
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640:
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615:
613:
612:. 23 April 2005
598:
597:
586:
581:
515:
486:
470:
458:
423:
346:
338:Shadow Minister
303:German air raid
271:
259:Calabrian Mafia
194:Political party
186:
169:
163:
161:
137:
125:
119:
114:
105:
100:
87:
75:
69:
64:
48:
47:Grassby in 1973
36:
31:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1225:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
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1154:
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1128:
1127:
1122:
1119:
1110:
1105:
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1100:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1087:
1077:
1074:Bill Armstrong
1072:
1068:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1052:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1019:
1018:
998:
975:
972:on 9 May 2005.
965:The Sun-Herald
958:(8 May 2005).
947:
940:. p. 11.
924:
888:
860:
836:
824:www.abc.net.au
811:
804:
783:
768:
753:
741:
725:
692:
666:
623:
583:
582:
580:
577:
527:Ellnor Grassby
514:
511:
485:
482:
469:
466:
457:
454:
422:
419:
415:smear campaign
407:National Party
345:
342:
291:United Kingdom
281:to parents of
270:
267:
223:
222:
219:
218:
215:
211:
210:
208:Ellnor Grassby
205:
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189:(aged 78)
183:
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159:
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149:
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131:Bill Armstrong
128:
122:
121:
111:
110:
99:Member of the
96:
95:
90:
84:
83:
78:
72:
71:
61:
60:
54:
53:
50:
49:
46:
38:
37:
32:
29:
26:The Honourable
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1203:
1200:
1198:
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1188:
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1175:
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1165:
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1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1125:
1124:Clyde Cameron
1116:
1115:
1108:
1107:Lance Barnard
1102:
1097:
1093:
1092:John Sullivan
1084:
1083:
1075:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1049:
1048:
1040:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1002:
986:
979:
971:
967:
966:
961:
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951:
944:
939:
935:
928:
913:
909:
908:Fairfax Media
905:
904:
899:
892:
884:
883:
878:
871:
869:
867:
865:
857:
853:
850:, (1989) 168
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738:
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714:
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681:
677:
670:
655:
654:Fairfax Media
651:
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628:
611:
610:Fairfax Media
607:
606:
601:
595:
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584:
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559:
557:
552:
549:
545:
544:
539:
535:
530:
528:
519:
510:
507:
503:
502:Donald Mackay
499:
495:
494:Michael Maher
491:
481:
479:
475:
465:
463:
453:
451:
450:Donald Mackay
446:
444:
440:
435:
432:
428:
418:
417:against him.
416:
412:
411:John Sullivan
408:
404:
400:
395:
391:
387:
385:
380:
375:
371:
367:
363:
362:1972 election
359:
358:Gough Whitlam
355:
351:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
314:
312:
308:
304:
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296:
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288:
284:
280:
276:
266:
264:
263:Donald Mackay
260:
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199:
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185:23 April 2005
184:
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176:
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156:
151:
147:
144:
143:John Sullivan
141:
135:
132:
129:
123:
117:
112:
109:
103:
97:
94:
93:Clyde Cameron
91:
85:
82:
81:Lance Barnard
79:
73:
67:
62:
59:
55:
51:
44:
39:
35:
27:
22:
19:
1112:
1079:
1047:Murrumbidgee
1044:
1022:
1010:
1001:
989:. Retrieved
978:
970:the original
963:
950:
941:
937:
927:
916:, retrieved
901:
891:
880:
843:
839:
827:. Retrieved
823:
814:
795:
791:
786:
771:
762:
756:
744:
736:
716:. Retrieved
709:
683:. Retrieved
679:
669:
657:. Retrieved
647:
614:. Retrieved
603:
570:
567:Jon Stanhope
560:
553:
541:
531:
524:
487:
484:Legal action
471:
462:Chris Watson
459:
447:
439:Junie Morosi
436:
424:
396:
392:
388:
347:
330:Murrumbidgee
315:
307:British Army
299:World War II
272:
227:
226:
187:(2005-04-23)
168:12 July 1926
138:Succeeded by
115:
88:Succeeded by
65:
18:
1147:2005 deaths
1142:1926 births
1080:Member for
1045:Member for
943:defamation.
844:Grassby v R
792:Grassby, Al
534:'Ndrangheta
452:'s family.
409:candidate,
334:Labor Party
313:(1945–46).
251:immigration
177:, Australia
126:Preceded by
76:Preceded by
1136:Categories
1118:1972–1974
1086:1969–1974
1057:Lin Gordon
1051:1965–1969
918:16 January
856:High Court
829:5 November
805:1864030836
579:References
572:Underbelly
556:supergrass
543:Herald Sun
443:Jim Cairns
431:Parramatta
279:Queensland
236:Australian
217:Journalist
214:Occupation
175:Queensland
164:1926-07-12
30:Al Grassby
991:28 August
480:in 1986.
297:. During
116:In office
66:In office
1082:Riverina
912:archived
659:6 August
616:6 August
538:Griffith
350:Riverina
275:Brisbane
171:Brisbane
108:Riverina
1023:
903:The Age
763:The Age
685:24 July
506:Liberal
468:Honours
295:England
283:Spanish
242:in the
802:
718:13 May
456:Writer
204:Spouse
846:
536:) in
318:CSIRO
287:Irish
244:Labor
993:2020
920:2010
831:2016
800:ISBN
720:2019
687:2020
661:2010
618:2010
285:and
182:Died
158:Born
106:for
852:CLR
320:in
1138::
1009:.
962:.
936:.
910:,
906:,
900:,
879:.
863:^
822:.
728:^
708:.
695:^
678:.
652:.
646:.
626:^
608:.
602:.
587:^
575:.
277:,
265:.
232:AM
230:,
173:,
34:AM
995:.
885:.
858:.
833:.
808:.
722:.
689:.
663:.
620:.
166:)
162:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
