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Argentine comics

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sectors of the Argentine media and industry in general, the comic magazines still working during the 1980s slowly decreased in quality and died off (e.g. Fierro, D'Artagnan, Nippur). While many creators found work in other countries or changed professions, others continued to reach local audiences by publishing and distributing their own work. Another side-effect of the crisis was that many creators started offering workshops for children and teens because job markets were tight. Passing on their own methods, creators armed a new generation of creators with self-publishing techniques.
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Competing in a difficult market, Argentine creators have experimented with various formats and forms of collective self-help. At first, self-published works remained in dark corners of the comic shops and (less so) news stands and most of them failed to survive past the 2nd or 3rd issue (i.e. Ultra).
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enabled creators to format, edit and print their own work. Other factors that contributed to the boom resulted from a crisis in traditional methods of production and distribution. In the 1990s, pro-trade reforms made it more difficult for local products to compete. Suffering a similar fate to many
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magazine also appeared in 1945, containing a number of children's comics in addition to the adventures of young Paturuzú. In 1948, local superhero Misterix got his own magazine, which also included other action comics, and which would become one of the most important the time period. Initially, it
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The 1930s saw most important newspapers featuring comic strips. Patoruzú had its own magazine, which began publication in November 1936. It became one of the most important humor magazines of the 1940s, with a record of over 300,000 copies printed for one edition. Also during the late 1930s
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The first cartoons to appear in Argentina were editorial cartoons in political satire magazines at the end of the 19th century. These cartoons, originally single panels, quickly evolved to multiple panel constructions with sequential action. Many used methods such as text indicating dialogue
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Cultural factors that creators cite as shaping the self-publishing boom include a desire to read and produce stories that deal with local issues by local authors, a strong sense of autonomy matched by a tradition of collaboration and a commitment to free creative expression.
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magazine). Nevertheless, the arrival of foreign publications, mainly from Mexico, with better paper and ink quality and lower prices, started a financial crisis in the Argentine comic industry, and several publishers, including Oesterheld's
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The return of democracy in late 1983 ended years of military censorship. A new cultural wave started in several arts. Applying the specialized anthology format in the tradition of magazines like the French
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split. Costs are sometimes shared, as in the case of publishing house Ex Abrupto, which co-publishes Suda Mery K!, a biannual anthology, with Viñetas con Altura of Bolivia and Feroces Editores of Chile.
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was launched in 1972, though tightening government censorship led to its closure in 1974. The same problem led Quino to put an end to Mafalda in 1973, after which he moved to Italy. Caloi created
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The late 1940s saw the arrival to Argentina of a circle of Italian writers and artists, which further improved the quantity and quality of the comics in Argentina. These included
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After the 1966 coup d'état, the comics industry suffered from both some censorship and from recurring economic downturns. The 1968 biographic graphic novel of
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On the economic side, technological developments and national crisis facilitated the dissemination of new methods. Increased availability of
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During the 1910s, the amount of comics made in Argentina grew by leaps and bounds. In 1912, the first Argentine comic strip proper, with
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started publishing comics daily in 1920, and comics, both foreign and domestic, were a big reason for the popularity of the newspaper
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was removed from circulation by the government and the originals destroyed. Nevertheless, action comic magazines such as
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In the 1900s, comics continued to be largely political satire and commentary, but strips about normal life, called
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magazine appeared in 1945, containing longer dialogs and text in comparison with comics edited in other houses.
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Between the mid-1950s and mid-1960s, some of the most important Argentine comics were created, such as
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contained several Italian comics translated into Spanish, but later that gave way to local creations.
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Transmedia Archaeology: Storytelling in the Borderlines of Science Fiction, Comics and Pulp Magazines
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The popularity of comics grew in the 1920s, and children's comics gained popularity. The newspaper
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emanating from the speaker's mouth, or text below the drawings for dialogue and explanation.
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conductor; Clemente would however soon overshadow the conductor and became a fixture on the
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In 1976 while working on a politicized sequel of the Eternauta that was being published in
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The Argentine comic had its golden age between the mid-1940s and the 1960s, the so-called
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To collectively address the challenges of independent publishing, creators formed the
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magazine, which became one of the few successful Argentine magazines from outside
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was one of the lone strips that still put text at the bottom of each picture.
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in the 1980s. This trend intensified during the 1990s with magazines such as
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synthesized its contributions in the development of their own models of
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Around 1960, of the 6 best selling publications, only one was foreign (
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in 1974, which was later published in Argentine magazines such as
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Association des Critiques et des journalistes de Bande Dessinée
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continued to publish both foreign and local creations. In 1967
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in 1973 as a secondary character in a comic strip centered on
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1978 saw the birth of satirical current events magazine
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Argentine caricaturist> Cao Luaces - Caras y Caretas
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Lypszyc, David, "Argentina, cómics until the 40s" in
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Argentine creators started producing self-published
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Medios Independientes. Archived from 1889:and comics convention held annually in 1861:and comics convention held annually in 1695:, by Caloi, published in the newspaper 1530:convention, from which later the group 1369:back page until his own death in 2012. 1257:in 1957. Prominently featuring his own 3628: 1966:from the original on 14 September 2010 1921: 1472:, Argentine creators began publishing 1261:and those of colleagues such as Oski, 3339:Caricature & Cartoon Museum Basel 2146: 1977: 1945:C. Scolari, P. Bertetti, M. Freeman, 1447:by Altuna-Trillo, later published in 1271:military government installed in 1966 3290:Comics solicited but never published 1949:, Palgrave Macmillan, 2014, ch. 3.1. 955:Las aventuras de Viruta y Chicharrón 3610: 3438:Australian Cartoonists' Association 3428:Association of Canadian Cartoonists 1247:for children. Another illustrator, 13: 2096:La Historia del Comic en Argentina 606: 14: 3647: 2112: 1933:La historieta en el mundo moderno 1670: 1116:, arrived in Argentina following 3609: 3600: 3599: 3588: 3576: 3539:Comic Legends Legal Defense Fund 3453:Samahang Kartunista ng Pilipinas 3354:Fred Waring's Cartoon Collection 1049: 1040: 1016:from the United States, such as 967:Aventuras de Don Tallarín y Doña 807: 544: 189: 3369:Museum of Comic and Cartoon Art 2135:Argentina comic in Argentina.ar 2119:Sci-Fi Argentine strips listing 1936:. Barcelona: Paidós. p.144-146. 1349:. The satirical humor magazine 1239:(1966) in the humor genre; and 3443:Comic Art Professional Society 2183:Glossary of comics terminology 2059: 2030: 2016: 2002: 1952: 1939: 1904: 1840: 1458: 1102:Golden Age of Argentine Comics 905: 1: 3534:Comic Book Legal Defense Fund 1897: 1124:José Antonio Guillermo Divito 1031: 309:Comics by country and culture 3448:National Cartoonists Society 3237:Based on television programs 2010:History of Argentine Comics 1372:From their exile in Europe, 1225:(1962) in the action genre; 1178:. Some Argentines, notably 7: 3379:Words & Pictures Museum 1792:, by Oesterheld and Breccia 1771:, by Liniers, published in 1539:Notable artists and writers 1488:The rise of self-publishing 1445:Las puertitas del Sr. López 10: 3652: 3423:Academy of Comic Book Arts 3395:Center for Cartoon Studies 3317:Belgian Comic Strip Center 2172: 2081: 1833:, by Sendra, published in 969:), followed, and by 1917, 953:and recurring characters, 946:, showed up in Argentina. 900: 3571: 3529:Club des bandes dessinées 3509: 3461: 3415: 3408: 3387: 3307: 3263:Best-selling comic series 3250: 3219: 3188: 3179: 3159: 3048: 2952: 2902: 2886: 2877: 2841:Portrayal of black people 2806: 2753: 2593: 2582: 2515: 2488: 2435: 2402: 2347: 2311: 2189: 2180: 1423:kidnapped and disappeared 971:Las diabluras de Tijereta 159: 154: 144: 108: 82: 46: 34: 26: 21: 2091:(in English and Spanish) 1630:Héctor Germán Oesterheld 1174:, who were known as the 961:. Later comics, such as 95:Héctor Germán Oesterheld 3334:British Cartoon Archive 3327:National Cartoon Museum 1686:El Cazador de Aventuras 1439:by Andrés Cascioli and 3544:Finnish Comics Society 3501:Svenska Serieakademien 3491:Comics Studies Society 3359:Gibiteca Antonio Gobbo 2863:Women in Refrigerators 2858:The Hawkeye Initiative 2496:Female comics creators 1689:, an adult humor comic 1441:Ediciones de la Urraca 1194:. During this decade, 1107: 919: 858: 611: 40:Ediciones de la Urraca 3280:Comic books on CD/DVD 2530:Comics historiography 1590:Juan Carlos Colombres 1337:premiered in 1971 in 1291:Political instability 918:magazine, circa 1890. 913: 610: 27:Earliest publications 3496:Sequart Organization 3242:Based on video games 2824:Gender and webcomics 2389:Publishing companies 1960:"Lambiek comic shop" 1600:Ricardo Siri Liniers 1580:Roberto Fontanarrosa 944:Frederick Burr Opper 814:Argentina portal 798:World Heritage Sites 600:Culture of Argentina 474:South African comics 103:Roberto Fontanarrosa 3554:The Hero Initiative 2834:American mainstream 2636:Comics in education 2239:Comic strip formats 1678:Boogie, el aceitoso 1427:military government 1245:Anteojito y Antifaz 178: 3595:Cartoon portal 3349:The Cartoon Museum 3344:Cartoon Art Museum 3068:France and Belgium 2853:Portrayal of women 2846:African characters 2814:Ethnic stereotypes 2070:2007-05-18 at the 1760:Locuras de Isidoro 1713:television program 1640:Oscar Conti (Oski) 1625:José Antonio Muñoz 1610:Domingo Mandrafina 1511:personal computers 1285:Ediciones Frontera 1267:Hermenegildo Sábat 1259:political cartoons 1170:, Ivo Pavone, and 1008:, first appeared. 920: 612: 176: 38:Ediciones Frontera 3623: 3622: 3583:Comics portal 3567: 3566: 3400:The Kubert School 3303: 3302: 3175: 3174: 2873: 2872: 2798:Widescreen comics 2641:Comics journalism 2511: 2510: 2303:Political cartoon 2244:Daily comic strip 1681:, by Fontanarrosa 1421:, Oesterheld was 1217:Héctor Oesterheld 1207:Héctor Oesterheld 1196:Héctor Oesterheld 1164:Mario Faustinelli 1150:and many others. 881:), humor comics ( 848: 847: 585: 584: 551:Comics portal 494:Vietnamese comics 464:Portuguese comics 454:Philippine comics 435: 368: 350:Australian comics 346: 290:Political cartoon 174: 173: 30:Late 19th century 3643: 3636:Argentine comics 3613: 3612: 3603: 3602: 3593: 3592: 3581: 3580: 3559:Xeric Foundation 3413: 3412: 3227:Based on fiction 3186: 3185: 2960:China and Taiwan 2884: 2883: 2683:Graphic medicine 2626:Autobiographical 2591: 2590: 2569:Japanese (manga) 2475:Japanese (manga) 2400: 2399: 2167: 2160: 2153: 2144: 2143: 2139: 2131: 2123: 2108: 2100: 2092: 2088:Argentine comics 2075: 2063: 2057: 2056: 2052: 2050: 2049: 2040:. 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1035: 1033: 1030: 940:Happy Hooligan 907: 904: 902: 899: 846: 845: 843: 842: 835: 828: 820: 817: 816: 803: 802: 801: 800: 795: 790: 785: 780: 775: 770: 762: 761: 755: 754: 753: 752: 747: 742: 737: 732: 731: 730: 725: 720: 710: 709: 708: 698: 693: 688: 683: 675: 674: 670: 669: 668: 667: 662: 657: 652: 647: 642: 637: 632: 627: 619: 618: 614: 613: 603: 602: 596: 595: 583: 582: 580: 579: 572: 565: 557: 554: 553: 540: 539: 538: 537: 532: 527: 522: 517: 512: 504: 503: 499: 498: 497: 496: 491: 489:Turkish comics 486: 481: 479:Spanish comics 476: 471: 469:Serbian comics 466: 461: 456: 451: 446: 444:Mexican comics 441: 436: 424: 419: 417:Italian comics 414: 409: 404: 399: 394: 389: 384: 379: 374: 369: 365:Welsh-language 360:British comics 357: 352: 347: 325: 320: 312: 311: 305: 304: 303: 302: 297: 292: 287: 282: 277: 272: 267: 262: 254: 253: 249: 248: 247: 246: 241: 233: 232: 228: 227: 226: 225: 220: 215: 207: 206: 204:Comics studies 200: 199: 196:Speech balloon 194: 186: 185: 172: 171: 165:Spanish comics 161:Italian comics 157: 156: 152: 151: 146: 142: 141: 110: 106: 105: 87:Adolfo Mazzone 84: 80: 79: 48: 44: 43: 36: 32: 31: 28: 24: 23: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3648: 3637: 3634: 3633: 3631: 3616: 3608: 3606: 3598: 3596: 3591: 3586: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3573: 3570: 3560: 3557: 3555: 3552: 3550: 3547: 3545: 3542: 3540: 3537: 3535: 3532: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3522: 3520: 3517: 3516: 3514: 3508: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3468: 3466: 3460: 3454: 3451: 3449: 3446: 3444: 3441: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3420: 3418: 3414: 3411: 3409:Organizations 3407: 3401: 3398: 3396: 3393: 3392: 3390: 3386: 3380: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3345: 3342: 3340: 3337: 3335: 3332: 3328: 3325: 3324: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3315: 3314: 3312: 3306: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3274: 3271: 3269: 3266: 3265: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3255: 3253: 3249: 3243: 3240: 3238: 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1824: 1823: 1819: 1816: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1806:Lucho Olivera 1803: 1799: 1798: 1794: 1791: 1790: 1786: 1783: 1782: 1778: 1776: 1775: 1770: 1769: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1757: 1755: 1751: 1750:Carlos Trillo 1747: 1744: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1732: 1728: 1725: 1721: 1720: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1707: 1706: 1702: 1700: 1699: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1687: 1683: 1680: 1679: 1675: 1674: 1666: 1663: 1661: 1660:Carlos Trillo 1658: 1656: 1653: 1651: 1648: 1646: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1621: 1618: 1616: 1615:Carlos Meglia 1613: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1555:Daniel Branca 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1542: 1536: 1533: 1532:La Productora 1529: 1525: 1519: 1515: 1512: 1507: 1505: 1501: 1500: 1495: 1485: 1483: 1482: 1477: 1476: 1471: 1467: 1466:Métal Hurlant 1456: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1419: 1413: 1411: 1410: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1392: 1387: 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Retrieved 2042:the original 2032: 2026:(in Spanish) 2024:AHI-Rosario 2018: 2012:(in Spanish) 2004: 1993:. Retrieved 1989:the original 1979: 1968:. Retrieved 1954: 1946: 1941: 1931: 1923: 1915: 1911: 1906: 1849:, a defunct 1834: 1828: 1820: 1810: 1795: 1787: 1779: 1772: 1766: 1758: 1745: 1735: 1729: 1719:El Eternauta 1717: 1703: 1696: 1692: 1684: 1676: 1595:Juan Zanotto 1585:Juan Giménez 1568: 1520: 1516: 1508: 1503: 1497: 1491: 1479: 1473: 1462: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1434: 1416: 1414: 1407: 1403: 1389: 1385: 1382:Alack Sinner 1381: 1371: 1366: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1347:Buenos Aires 1342: 1331:Fontanarrosa 1329: 1324: 1312: 1308: 1294: 1284: 1277: 1275: 1252: 1244: 1241:García Ferré 1230: 1220: 1212:El Eternauta 1210: 1204: 1199: 1191: 1187: 1184:Solano López 1176:Venice Group 1175: 1161: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1137: 1127: 1126:'s magazine 1122: 1118:World War II 1105: 1101: 1099: 1083: 1079: 1075:Solano López 1066: 1063:El Eternauta 1059: 1025: 1010: 1001: 997: 993: 989: 983: 981: 974: 970: 966: 962: 958: 954: 948: 935: 927: 925: 921: 915: 850: 849: 773:Coat of arms 705: 686:Architecture 412:Irish comics 387:Dutch comics 382:Czech comics 327: 322: 244:Photo comics 74: 68: 64:El Eternauta 62: 56: 50: 47:Publications 3615:WikiProject 3251:Other lists 3196:Comic books 3112:Netherlands 3018:Philippines 2730:Underground 2693:Non-fiction 2611:Alternative 2357:Cartoonists 2339:Text comics 2293:Gag cartoon 2249:Lianhuanhua 2234:Comic strip 2053:Productora 1869:Fantabaires 1841:Conventions 1789:Mort Cinder 1528:Fantabaires 1459:Renaissance 1386:Super Humor 1323:debuted in 1297:Che Guevara 1279:Donald Duck 1254:Tía Vicenta 1251:, launched 1235:(1964) and 1222:Mort Cinder 1144:Oscar Conti 1136:'s classic 1014:superheroes 916:Don Quijote 906:Early years 859:historietas 650:Immigration 515:Cartoonists 484:Thai comics 275:Gag cartoon 265:Comic strip 2879:By country 2720:Teen humor 2555:Modern Age 2550:Bronze Age 2545:Silver Age 2540:Golden Age 2480:Macedonian 2455:Australian 2436:By country 2422:Minicomics 2319:Film comic 2312:Techniques 2197:Comic book 2074:Ex Abrupto 2048:2006-12-14 1995:2012-05-14 1970:2010-09-12 1930:: (1970). 1898:References 1830:Yo, Matías 1822:Patoruzito 1802:Robin Wood 1645:Hugo Pratt 1499:El Cazador 1394:. In 1975 1325:D'Artagnan 1317:Robin Wood 1313:D'Artagnan 1301:Oesterheld 1243:'s (1962) 1202:magazine. 1188:D'Artagnan 1168:Hugo Pratt 1156:Patoruzito 1139:Piantadino 1086:(Girls of 1071:Oesterheld 1032:Golden Age 934:, such as 891:Hugo Pratt 879:Hugo Pratt 875:Oesterheld 793:Sun of May 728:Newspapers 723:Television 701:Literature 625:Argentines 525:Publishers 520:Collecting 260:Comic book 239:Cartooning 35:Publishers 3220:By source 3211:Webcomics 3189:By format 3167:Australia 2970:Hong Kong 2910:Argentina 2788:Superhero 2745:Wrestling 2715:Superhero 2656:Dystopian 2631:Celebrity 2616:Ambiguous 2574:Webcomics 2427:Webcomics 2410:Editorial 2403:By format 2384:Letterers 2369:Colorists 2222:Minicomic 1774:La Nación 1481:Página/12 1351:Satyricón 1343:Hortensia 1200:Hora Cero 1152:Intervalo 1129:Rico Tipo 1092:Rico Tipo 1067:Hora Cero 1002:Panitruco 985:La Nación 936:Cocoliche 914:Front of 735:Monuments 630:Ethnicity 502:Community 432:Hong Kong 213:Education 145:Languages 58:Rico Tipo 3630:Category 3605:Category 3512:outreach 3464:academic 3374:ToonSeum 3122:Portugal 3030:Thailand 3013:Pakistan 2903:Americas 2819:Feminist 2763:Antihero 2601:Abstract 2535:American 2470:Filipino 2460:Canadian 2443:American 2349:Creators 2281:Webcomic 2212:One-shot 2068:Archived 1964:Archived 1847:Leyendas 1811:Patoruzú 1768:Macanudo 1710:animated 1705:Cybersix 1693:Clemente 1455:(1984). 1380:created 1355:Clemente 1237:Mordillo 1215:(1957); 1192:Fantasía 1148:Amarroto 1114:Italians 1018:Superman 1006:Patoruzú 976:Billiken 745:Painting 660:Religion 655:Holidays 645:Language 592:a series 590:Part of 295:Webcomic 218:Glossary 138:Cybersix 114:Patoruzú 83:Creators 52:Patoruzú 3388:Schools 3310:museums 3160:Oceania 3095:Ireland 3090:Hungary 3085:Germany 3078:Belgium 3063:Croatia 3040:Vietnam 2778:Masking 2740:Western 2698:Romance 2666:Fantasy 2517:History 2394:Writers 2374:Editors 2286:Webtoon 2264:Yonkoma 2190:Formats 2082:Sources 1914:nº 15: 1891:Rosario 1887:fantasy 1879:cosplay 1863:Rosario 1855:fantasy 1815:cacique 1781:Mafalda 1736:Renegau 1605:Maitena 1418:Skorpio 1378:Sampayo 1359:Bartolo 1339:Córdoba 1309:El Tony 1305:Breccia 1232:Mafalda 1142:strip, 1026:Pif Paf 994:El Tony 990:Crítica 901:History 855:Spanish 778:Cockade 759:Symbols 696:Cuisine 635:History 617:Society 535:Writers 335:Belgium 300:Webtoon 231:Methods 223:History 149:Spanish 132:Gaturro 120:Mafalda 3258:Awards 3127:Serbia 3117:Poland 3050:Europe 3035:Turkey 2932:Mexico 2925:Quebec 2920:Canada 2915:Brazil 2887:Africa 2807:Themes 2755:Tropes 2688:Horror 2678:Gekiga 2661:Erotic 2594:Genres 2560:events 2379:Inkers 2259:Topper 2174:Comics 1835:Clarín 1740:gaucho 1734:, the 1698:Clarín 1475:Fierro 1470:Pilote 1453:Fierro 1430:forces 1409:Clarín 1400:Altuna 1396:Trillo 1391:Fierro 1367:Clarín 1265:, and 1249:Landrú 1088:Divito 1080:Right: 1022:Batman 883:Divito 788:Anthem 706:Comics 691:Cinema 673:Topics 594:on the 510:Awards 439:Manhwa 427:Manhua 343:Quebec 339:France 183:Comics 109:Series 76:Fierro 3268:manga 3181:Lists 3149:Wales 3132:Spain 3100:Italy 3001:Korea 2994:lists 2989:Japan 2977:India 2783:Rogue 2651:Crime 2606:Adult 2489:Other 2465:Cuban 1859:anime 1800:, by 1748:, by 1650:Quino 1569:Caloi 1504:Ultra 1494:zines 1449:Humor 1437:Humo® 1374:Muñoz 1263:Caloi 1227:Quino 1060:Left: 942:) by 887:Quino 783:Motto 750:Sport 740:Music 718:Radio 713:Media 665:Women 640:Humor 530:Sales 422:Manga 91:Quino 3137:list 3105:list 3073:list 3023:list 3006:list 2982:list 2965:list 2953:Asia 2942:list 2829:LGBT 2703:list 2671:list 2501:list 2415:list 2362:list 1877:, a 1804:and 1752:and 1738:, a 1722:, a 1468:and 1451:and 1398:and 1388:and 1376:and 1363:tram 1361:the 1311:and 1303:and 1190:and 1182:and 1082:The 1020:and 893:and 768:Flag 2735:War 1502:or 1425:by 1341:'s 1333:'s 1319:'s 1299:by 1229:'s 1209:'s 1146:'s 897:). 681:Art 3632:: 1885:, 1881:, 1857:, 1853:, 1412:. 1273:. 1166:, 1120:. 885:, 877:, 857:: 2166:e 2159:t 2152:v 2051:. 1998:. 1973:. 1893:. 1865:. 1571:) 1567:( 1104:( 1077:. 938:( 873:( 853:( 839:e 832:t 825:v 576:e 569:t 562:v 434:) 430:( 367:) 363:( 345:) 341:/ 337:/ 333:( 140:" 136:" 134:" 130:" 128:" 124:" 122:" 118:" 116:" 112:"

Index

Patoruzú
Rico Tipo
El Eternauta
Nippur de Lagash
Fierro
Adolfo Mazzone
Quino
Héctor Germán Oesterheld
Alberto Breccia
Roberto Fontanarrosa
Patoruzú
Mafalda
Inodoro Pereyra
Gaturro
Cybersix
Spanish
Italian comics
Spanish comics
Comics in Mexico
Comics

Speech balloon
Comics studies
Education
Glossary
History
Cartooning
Photo comics
Comic book
Comic strip

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