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help inform stakeholders of the views that are being put to the committee. A committee will often hold one or more public hearings, at which committee members ask questions of key stakeholders interested in the issue under inquiry. These hearings may be held anywhere in
Australia, are often broadcast, and result in a published transcript (Hansard) that records the evidence taken. The opportunity to make submissions, and the greater accessibility of the committees compared to parliament itself, can provide disadvantaged individuals and organisations valued opportunities to engage in democratic processes. Committees also frequently ask relevant government agencies to respond to issues raised by submissions or evidence given to the inquiry. Once evidence has been gathered there usually follows a period of research and analysis by the committee. It will then deliver a report to the Senate, which will generally include recommendations. The Commonwealth government is then expected to table a response to the report, stating responses to any recommendations the committee may have made.
2467:
1040:. The role of the committees was enhanced by three subsequent developments. First, in 1982 the Scrutiny of Bills Committee was established, which, in examining all bills, played a role that complemented that of the examination of all delegated legislation by the Regulations and Ordinances Committee. Second, in 1989 the Senate adopted procedures for the systematic referral of bills to committees, increasing the level of legislative scrutiny taking place within parliament. Third, in 1993, the committees adopted a more extensive procedure for consideration of the budget, creating a second opportunity each year for Senators to follow up issues identified during the initial budget estimates hearings. These second hearings are referred to as
2540:. Other high-profile inquiries included the Community Affairs committee's inquiry into Children in Institutional Care, which brought to wide public notice the experiences of children who had been placed in care in sometimes inhumane circumstances and was directly responsible for state governments and churches making public apologies to the victims of abuse or neglect; the Select Committee on Mental Health, which contributed to widespread discussion of mental health issues and to a major funding boost for services in 2006; and the 2006 inquiry into the Migration Amendment (Designated Unauthorised Arrivals) Bill, which contributed to a government decision not to proceed with controversial migration legislation.
1152:
2520:, Harry Evans, argued that a government majority of seats in the Senate resulted in limitations on what the committees inquired into, and how readily governments responded to their queries and requests for information. Statistics published by centrist political party the Australian Democrats have been used to support the contention that committee operations have been inhibited by government control of the Senate, particularly in respect of selection of topics for committee inquiry. However Senator Minchin, the leader of the government in the Senate in the mid-2000s, pointed out that their political rivals had previously
214:
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be presented when the Senate is not in session. Committees can gather evidence and will often hold public hearings to assist this process. To gather their evidence committees can (with exceptions) travel from place to place to hear evidence. Committees are able to order the production of documents and the appearance of witnesses (powers that are in practice used very sparingly). Most evidence taken by committees (both written submissions and transcripts of public hearings) is published, however committees have the power to take evidence confidentially (
2513:
result, these recommendations may contribute to subsequent government policy announcements and occasionally to changes in government actions. The work of the regulations and ordinances committee has led to revisions of subordinate legislation in significant respects. Committee scrutiny of bills has contributed to them being amended or withdrawn. The impact of committees on legislation overall has however been described as 'rather limited', particularly as the committees that review bills are controlled by a government majority.
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typically conduct several inquiries into pieces of legislation being considered by the parliament. A references committee will conduct inquiries into policy issues referred to it by the Senate. Each of these inquiries will usually result in a report tabled in the Senate (there may be exceptions if an election intervenes during the committee's deliberations). A consolidated list of the reports prepared by all Senate committees since 1970 is published by the
Department of the Senate.
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are responsible for scrutinising bills referred to them by the chamber; examining the government's budget and activities (in what is called the budget estimates process); and for examining departmental annual reports and activities. The references committees are responsible for conducting inquiries into topics referred to them by the chamber.
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The impact of the Senate's committees varies and has been the subject of debate. The work of the committees is frequently more consensual and less partisan than activity in the parliamentary chambers, and unanimous committee reports that agree recommendations across party lines are not uncommon. As a
2417:
Committees have two types of members: full members and participating members. In the case of standing committees, full members are the six outlined above. In addition, however, any
Senator may arrange for the Senate to agree to their being made a participating member of the committee. This gives them
1101:
referred to it by the Senate. The protections afforded by parliamentary privilege are essential to parliament and its committees to be able to operate effectively. The bulk of the work of the privileges committee's work is associated with facilitating a 'right of reply' for people adversely named in
1064:
The
Legislative and General Purpose Standing Committees (often referred to simply as 'standing committees') are established by Standing Order 25. The standing committees are actually made up of pairs of committees – a legislation committee and a references committee. The legislation committees
2452:
under
Standing Orders, Senators may direct questions to any government agency, but only within the portfolio areas for which the committee has oversight. The committee cannot restrict the agencies to which Senators may direct questions (although the committee can control whether this happens at the
2425:
Committees are designed to assist the Senate as a whole. Thus the main formal structure of their work is that the Senate refers something to a committee for examination, and the committee reports back to the Senate on that matter. These reports are tabled during parliamentary sittings, but can also
1110:
The purpose of the scrutiny of bills committee is to assess "legislative proposals against a set of accountability standards that focus on the effect of proposed legislation on individual rights, liberties and obligations, and on parliamentary propriety". The
Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of
2492:
into the
Parliament, the expenditure proposed in those bills is referred to Senate legislation committees for inquiry. Such referrals result in what are generally known as budget estimates hearings. Senate standing committees will usually conduct eight days of hearings around budget estimates, in
2479:
Committee inquiries typically begin with the reference of an issue or a proposed law to the committee for inquiry and report back to the Senate. The committee will make a call for submissions, seeking public input on the matter referred to the committee. It will often publish those submissions to
1023:
The Senate is now undergoing the most fundamental and dramatic changes witnessed in the
Commonwealth Parliament since the States decided to federate 70 years ago. The introduction of a wide-ranging committee system will make the red-carpeted Upper House potentially the most powerful parliamentary
2255:
The most important and high profile of the committees are the pairs of standing committees. These each have six members. The chairman of each legislation committee is chosen from amongst the government members, the deputy chair from amongst non-government members. The reverse is the case for the
2247:
The Senate's committees are formed at the commencement of each new parliament, in accordance with rules set out in the
Standing Orders. The committees exist until the first day of the following parliament, in contrast to the lower house committees, which cease to exist as soon as parliament is
2496:
During these hearings ministers, assisted by senior public servants, answer questions put to them by any
Senator that relate to the operations and expenditure of departments and agencies that receive federal government funding. In such hearings, ministers from the House of Representatives are
2462:
A typical year in the life of a Senate legislation committee will see it conduct eight days of hearings around budget estimates, in three sessions: February (additional estimates), May/June (the main budget estimates) and October/November (supplementary budget estimates). In addition, it will
1076:
are temporary committees, established by the Senate to deal with particular issues. This may occur when a particular group of Senators wishes to examine an issue in depth, or where there is no existing committee suited to addressing a particular topic. Australian Senate select committees have
2884:
This system has operated since 1994, with a brief hiatus from September 2006 to May 2009. During that period, reforms were implemented that were intended to streamline committee operations, and which reflected the fact that the government secured a majority of seats in the chamber at the
1077:
included ones set up to examine the Administration of Indigenous Affairs, and Mental Health. Select committees usually cease to exist upon reporting back to the chamber. One exception to this was the Senate Select Committee on Superannuation which in various forms existed for a decade.
991:
2504:, including a greater emphasis on outcomes, and decreasing emphasis on inputs. This has been reflected in the activities of Senate committees, with Senators' questions being increasingly focussed on the 'results of government activities and away from a concern with inputs'.
1004:, which makes reference to 'The powers, privileges, and immunities of the Senate and of the House of Representatives, and of the members and the committees of each House...' However, the Senate had few committees, engaged in limited activities, until 1970. A number of
1131:. An example of this is the Joint Standing Committee on Northern Australia, appointed by resolution by the House of Representatives on 4 July 2019 and the Senate on 22 July 2019. The inquiry into the destruction of 46,000-year-old caves at the
1094:". This committee thus regularly examines and reports back to the chamber on suggested changes to the operation of the Senate and its committees, such as what times of day the chamber will sit and what rules should govern its order of business.
2983:
The following committees are empowered to travel for meetings: privileges committee (Standing Order 18); appropriations and staffing (Standing Order 19), scrutiny of bills (Standing Order 24), legislative and general purpose (Standing Order
1102:
the Senate, as well as involving investigations of unauthorised disclosures of Senate committee proceedings, complaints from witnesses in connection with evidence given to committees, and allegedly misleading evidence given to committees.
2421:
The committees are governed by the Standing Orders of the Senate, as well as being able to pass their own resolutions to govern certain aspects of their operations (such as the processing of correspondence and submissions to inquiries).
3665:
3361:
1142:
committees comprising members of the parliamentary party; these committees will often have a policy focus, but are not committees of the parliament and are not bound by any of parliament's rules of procedures.
1089:
coming before the Senate will be referred to committees for detailed consideration. The procedure committee considers "any matter relating to the procedures of the Senate referred to it by the Senate or by the
990:
3660:
1008:
committees had operated since the establishment of the parliament, but prior to 1970 the only significant committee to be established was the Regulations and Ordinances Committee in 1932, one of the
2432:), and regularly do so. Committees hold both public hearings and conduct business at private meetings. The minutes of private meetings are confidential (in contrast, for example, to those of
2993:
970:, for purposes determined by that body. Senate committees are part of the operation of the Australian parliament, and have for some decades been involved in maintenance of government
3726:
2833:
1085:
Domestic committees are responsible for administering aspects of the Senate's own affairs. The selection of bills committee meets each sitting fortnight to consider which of the
3948:
3394:
3353:
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in the event of a committee vote being tied, the government effectively controls the legislation committees, while the non-government parties control the references committees.
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2776:
2532:
One of the most high-profile Senate committee inquiries was the Senate Select Committee on a Certain Maritime Incident, which in 2002 investigated what became known as the
2436:
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588:
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The functions of committees depend on the type of committee and on the work it is undertaking. Most of the committees are established under the Senate's
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established that mirrored the portfolio activities of government. These reforms significantly enhanced the expertise and power of the Senate:
2493:
three sessions: February (additional estimates), May/June (the main budget estimates) and October/November (supplementary budget estimates).
412:
2536:. The events and subsequent Senate committee inquiries were widely reported, and the transcripts of the inquiry formed the basis of a play,
2442:
The rules governing committees are slightly different when conducting budget estimates hearings. In particular, during estimates hearings,
3760:
3577:
3567:
299:
3132:
3026:
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2614:
1044:. Though the committee system was restructured in 1994, 2006 and again in 2009, the range of functions has remained essentially the same.
3953:
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3796:
3288:
2901:
934:
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the same rights as full members, with the important exception of being unable to vote on motions in private meetings of the committees.
1028:
These reforms were also significant in that they gave to Senate committees the role of examining the budget (what is referred to as the
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Eight Legislation and General Purpose Standing committees performing all functions of both Legislation and References committees
2263:
The membership and rules of committees, including those that operated during the Coalition's period of control, are shown below:
1073:
515:
3703:
3586:
927:
761:
746:
538:
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From 2006 to 2009 these pairs of committees were integrated into one committee. Details are provided elsewhere in the article.
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2003:
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751:
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any Senator may ask questions of the officials appearing before the committee (normally only members can ask questions)
2045:
1905:
1775:
1091:
635:
146:
2834:"Inquiry into the destruction of 46,000 year old caves at the Juukan Gorge in the Pilbara region of Western Australia"
3901:
733:
570:
2807:
2470:
A Senate committee hearing, showing witness (left), transcription and broadcasting staff (back) and Senators (right)
1097:
Established by Standing Order 18 of the Senate, the privileges committee is responsible for reporting on matters of
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3464:
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720:
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477:
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813:
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528:
310:
278:
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3708:
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3115:
Kathleen Dermody, Ian Holland, and Elton Humphery, 'Parliamentary Committees and Neglected Voices in Society',
2748:
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658:
620:
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913:
129:
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2129:
1981:
843:
697:
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341:
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no evidence can be taken on a confidential basis (normally this is an option available to a committee)
2533:
2170:
1559:
1295:
1001:
803:
63:
3245:
Evans, H. "The government majority in the Senate: A nail in the coffin of responsible government?",
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893:
712:
520:
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3752:
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1098:
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828:
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205:
195:
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Senate Legislative and General Purpose Standing Committees: The First 20 Years 1970 – 1990
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3022:
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1037:
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456:
323:
291:
19:
3102:
Ian Holland, 'Parliamentary committees as an arena for policy work', in Colebatch, H. (ed.),
2927:
2893:
2795:
2772:
Parliamentary Privilege Precedents, Procedures and Practice in the Australian Senate 1966–2002
3881:
3811:
3501:
3314:
2597:
Vander Wyk, J. and Lilley, A., (2005), 'Reference of Bills to Australian Senate Committees',
1128:
1112:
366:
119:
82:
39:
3246:
3391:'Provisions of the Migration Amendment (Designated Unauthorised Arrivals) Bill 2006 Report'
3213:
2466:
565:
213:
182:
8:
2663:
2249:
1135:
in the Pilbara region of Western Australia was referred to this Committee in June 2020.
1086:
963:
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3200:
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3079:
3055:
2724:
2489:
1841:
1697:
1587:
1346:
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371:
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2922:, 11th edition, Department of the Senate, Canberra, 2004 and the standing orders from
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3816:
3513:
2501:
975:
967:
903:
888:
227:
175:
3186:
Rodney Smith, 'Parliament', in Judith Brett, James Gillespie and Murray Goot (eds),
2233:
2141:
2057:
1710:
1676:
871:
533:
443:
137:
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3365:
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2712:
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2642:
2618:
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1892:
1518:
1432:
1389:
1175:
These are the committees of the 47th Parliament that exist within each category:
883:
423:
356:
344:
3451:
3160:
Richard Mulgan, 'The accountability priorities of Australian parliamentarians',
2896:
u/7.30/content/2006/s1668754.htm 'Senate changes threaten democracy: Beazley'],
2212:
2163:
2015:
1947:
1935:
1871:
1801:
1757:
1689:
1209:
1053:
971:
396:
154:
2516:
Senate committees can be affected by the party composition of the Senate. The
1159:
1151:
974:
to the Australian parliament, particularly through hearings to scrutinise the
3968:
3801:
2192:
2149:
2037:
2024:
1994:
1744:
1723:
1551:
361:
351:
3528:
2665:
A Light of Reason: The Work of the Senate Select Committee on Superannuation
1000:
The existence of parliamentary committees is mentioned in section 49 of the
53:
3821:
2257:
2099:
2086:
2079:
2065:
1974:
1885:
1863:
1783:
1643:
1510:
1424:
1381:
1338:
1260:
1132:
302:
3456:
3247:
address to Victorian Chapter of the Australasian Study of Parliament Group
2750:
Parliamentary privilege — unauthorised disclosure of committee proceedings
2286:
Legislation committees examined bills, budget estimates and annual reports
2120:
2107:
1819:
1731:
1615:
270:
218:
90:
1955:
1913:
1848:
1635:
1607:
1475:
1467:
1252:
1217:
677:
281:
249:
106:
3414:
Platypus and Parliament: The Australian Senate in Theory and Practice
3175:
Platypus and Parliament: The Australian Senate in Theory and Practice
2668:, Papers on Parliament No. 45, Department of the Senate, August 2006
2500:
Budget and management reforms in the 1980s and 1990s saw a change in
2428:
1828:
1668:
1579:
959:
818:
238:
2283:
Eight pairs of committees with overlapping but distinct membership:
1015:
In 1970, the present committee system was created, with a series of
3007:'Rights and Responsibilities of Witnesses before Senate Committees'
2631:'Consideration of Estimates by the Senate's Legislation Committees'
72:
2453:
public hearing, or whether it must be done in writing afterwards).
2521:
3949:
List of members of the Australian Parliament who died in office
1139:
1168:
1164:
18:
For consideration of bills by the Senate 'in committee', see
3439:
The Senate – Guide to Committee Procedure and Practice
3149:
The Senate – Guide to Committee Procedure and Practice
2524:
debate on more bills in the Senate than had his government.
1111:
Delegated Legislation performs a similar task, but for all
2796:
http://www.aph.gov.au/Senate/committee/scrutiny/cominfo.htm
2576:(11th edn), Department of the Senate, Canberra, Chapter 16.
1036:), which had hitherto been confined to the Senate and its
2337:
All Legislation and General Purpose Standing committees:
1127:: committees jointly established by both chambers of the
728:
3380:, Media release, 5 April 2006, retrieved September 2007.
3354:'Victoria to apologise to former children in state care'
3291:, media release, 26 June 2007, retrieved September 2007.
3104:
Beyond the Policy Cycle: The Policy Process in Australia
2289:
References committees examined references made by Senate
3177:, Department of the Senate, Canberra, 2003, pp 190–191
3056:' Consideration of Estimates by the Senate Committees'
3201:
Senate committee urges changes to proposed media laws
2242:
1155:
A Senate committee room in Parliament House, Canberra
996:
A short video on Australian Parliamentary Committees
978:, and through public inquiries on policy questions.
3389:Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs Committee,
3378:'Commonwealth commitment to mental health services'
3606:Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives
3419:Department of the Senate: Senate briefs number 4,
2900:(ABC TV), 21 June 2006, retrieved September 2007.
2474:
1602:Perth Mint and Commonwealth regulatory compliance
1105:
3300:See for example David Marr and Marian Wilkinson,
2731:No 11, September 2006, retrieved September 2007.
2497:represented by a minister who is also a Senator.
3966:
3151:, Senate Committee Office, Canberra, chapter 14.
2808:"Joint Standing Committee on Northern Australia"
2775:, 107th Report, 2002, retrieved September 2007.
2753:, 122nd Report, 2005, retrieved September 2007.
2457:
3236:(3rd edition), Longman, Melbourne, 1996, p. 233
3086:No 4, September 2006, retrieved September 2007
3062:No 5, September 2006, retrieved September 2007
2256:references committees. Because the chair has a
2550:Australian House of Representatives committees
2302:Varies: between 1 and 3 government portfolios
2031:Implementation of the National Redress Scheme
1968:Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs
3472:
3214:'Calls mount for Govt to drop migration bill'
2568:
2566:
2564:
935:
413:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
3761:Chronology of Australian federal parliaments
3352:The Minister for Children, Sherryl Garbutt,
2601:, no. 43, Department of the Senate, Canberra
981:
3954:Members of multiple Australian legislatures
3827:List of acts of the Parliament of Australia
3486:
3343:, 25 October 2005, retrieved September 2007
3315:'A Certain Maritime Incident: Pure Theatre'
3234:Australian Democracy in Theory and Practice
3162:Australian Journal of Public Administration
3106:, Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 2006, pp 80–81
1163:a public Senate Committee hearing into the
3479:
3465:
3203:, 6 October 2006, retrieved September 2007
3013:No 13, February 2013, retrieved April 2015
2864:"Senate and other Senate-based Committees"
2561:
2094:National Capital and External Territories
1814:Broadcasting of Parliamentary Proceedings
942:
928:
3975:Committees of the Parliament of Australia
3452:Official website of the Australian Senate
3216:, 14 June 2006, retrieved September 2007
2483:
1498:Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport
1047:
3190:, Macmillan, Melbourne, 1994, pp 126–129
2465:
1158:
1150:
985:
3393:, June 2006, retrieved September 2007.
3360:27 July 2006, retrieved September 2007
2705:Senate Standing Committee of Privileges
2377:Chair has a casting vote if votes tied
2340:4 government 3 opposition 1 minor party
2332:3 opposition 2 government 1 minor party
2324:3 government 2 opposition 1 minor party
668:Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
32:This article is part of a series on the
3967:
3129:Resolution of the Senate 14 March 1973
3041:New South Wales Legislative Assembly,
2527:
1663:Appropriations, Staffing and Security
1080:
1059:
3460:
3416:, Department of the Senate, Canberra.
2115:National Disability Insurance Scheme
1146:
3441:, Senate Committee Office, Canberra.
2275:Between September 2006 and May 2009
2272:Current (and before September 2006)
2073:National Anti-Corruption Commission
1835:Corporations and Financial Services
1068:
3330:Anglican Church Diocese of Sydney,
3188:Developments in Australian Politics
3164:, Vol. 67, no. 4, 2008, pp 457–469.
2010:Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade
1412:Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade
1118:
956:committees of the Australian Senate
13:
3406:
3289:'Senate majority used responsibly'
2920:Odgers' Australian Senate Practice
2369:All chaired by government members
2364:minor party chair (two committees)
2243:Membership and rules of committees
1791:Scrutiny of Delegated Legislation
1369:Finance and Public Administration
1138:Political parties will often have
52:
14:
3991:
3445:
2361:opposition chair (six committees)
1455:Legal and Constitutional Affairs
1167:environmental compliance held in
3527:
2965:Senate Standing Orders 35 and 36
2894:'Senate adopts Committee reform'
2866:. Department of the Senate. 2024
1765:Legislative scrutiny committees
1546:Australia’s Disaster Resilience
865:
721:Australia and the United Nations
217:
212:
3383:
3370:
3346:
3324:
3307:
3294:
3281:
3259:
3239:
3226:
3206:
3193:
3180:
3167:
3154:
3141:
3122:
3109:
3096:
3072:
3048:
3035:
3016:
2999:
2987:
2977:
2958:
2939:
2912:
2892:Senator the Hon. Nick Minchin,
2878:
2856:
2826:
2800:
2791:Australian Parliament website,
2785:
2763:
2741:
2717:
2475:Inquiries into topics and bills
1625:Final Report due 28 March 2024
1569:Final Report due 8 August 2024
1326:Environment and Communications
1106:Legislative scrutiny committees
1017:standing (permanent) committees
3631:Manager of Opposition Business
3578:Manager of Opposition Business
3568:Manager of Government Business
2840:. 18 June 2020. Archived from
2697:
2678:
2656:
2647:
2623:
2604:
2591:
2579:
2488:Following the introduction of
1042:supplementary budget estimates
1:
2555:
2458:The work of Senate committees
2409:1 government, 1 opposition OR
1597:Final Report due 31 May 2024
3776:47th Parliament of Australia
3771:46th Parliament of Australia
3766:45th Parliament of Australia
3271:, retrieved September 2007.
2687:, retrieved September 2007.
2199:Trade and Investment Growth
1653:Final Report due 7 May 2024
909:Australian Capital Territory
571:Premiers and chief ministers
566:Governors and administrators
7:
3923:Parliament House, Melbourne
3807:Matter of public importance
3666:Represented multiple states
3131:, retrieved September 2007
3025:, retrieved September 2007
2967:, retrieved September 2007
2948:, retrieved September 2007
2793:Scrutiny of bills committee
2707:, retrieved September 2007
2613:, retrieved September 2007
2543:
2538:A Certain Maritime Incident
1809:Joint Statutory Committees
1123:Senators may be members of
521:Referendums and plebiscites
10:
3996:
3933:Parliament House, Canberra
3880:House of Representatives:
3428:Department of the Senate:
3304:, Allen & Unwin, 2003.
3078:Department of the Senate,
3054:Department of the Senate,
3045:, 21 November 2006, SO 303
3005:Department of the Senate,
2723:Department of the Senate,
2703:Department of the Senate,
2662:Department of the Senate,
2629:Department of the Senate,
2574:Australian Senate Practice
1963:Joint Standing Committees
1921:Public Accounts and Audit
576:Parliaments and assemblies
439:State and territory courts
386:Federal Court of Australia
17:
3941:
3915:
3907:Court of Disputed Returns
3845:
3784:
3751:
3717:
3684:
3653:
3596:
3545:
3536:
3525:
3494:
3275:22 September 2012 at the
2769:Committee of Privileges,
2725:'Parliamentary Privilege'
2534:Children Overboard Affair
2507:
2408:
2376:
2301:
2219:
2198:
2177:
2156:
2135:
2114:
2093:
2072:
2051:
2030:
2009:
1988:
1967:
1962:
1941:
1920:
1899:
1878:
1857:Intelligence and Security
1855:
1834:
1813:
1808:
1790:
1769:
1764:
1751:
1738:
1717:
1704:
1683:
1662:
1657:
1629:
1601:
1573:
1545:
1540:
1502:
1497:
1459:
1454:
1416:
1411:
1373:
1368:
1330:
1325:
1287:
1283:Education and Employment
1282:
1244:
1239:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1002:Constitution of Australia
982:History of the committees
165:Federal Executive Council
3887:Two-party-preferred vote
3876:Single transferable vote
3626:Leader of the Opposition
3573:Leader of the Opposition
3563:Leader of the Government
3519:House of Representatives
3437:Vander Wyk, J., (2006),
3397:22 November 2008 at the
3339:2 September 2007 at the
3333:Response to Care Leavers
3147:Vander Wyk, J., (2006),
3135:9 September 2007 at the
3029:29 November 2011 at the
3023:Senate Standing Order 37
2994:Senate Standing Order 34
2971:29 November 2011 at the
2952:29 November 2011 at the
2946:Senate Standing Order 38
2747:Committee of Privileges
2691:29 November 2011 at the
2685:Senate Standing Order 17
2637:number 5, February 2005
2617:29 November 2011 at the
2611:Senate Standing Order 25
2392:References committees:
2385:Legislation committees:
2357:References committees:
2350:Legislation committees:
2321:Legislation committees:
1359:Sarah Hanson-Young (SA)
1012:committees (see below).
506:Federal electoral system
260:House of Representatives
3553:President of the Senate
3488:Parliament of Australia
3364:7 February 2012 at the
3090:26 October 2007 at the
2924:before the 2006 reforms
2838:Parliament of Australia
2812:Parliament of Australia
2328:References committees:
2299:Scope of each committee
2280:Structure of committees
1113:subordinate legislation
1099:parliamentary privilege
589:State electoral systems
334:High Court of Australia
3792:Speech from the throne
3434:, retrieved July 2007.
3425:, retrieved July 2007.
3376:The Hon. Tony Abbott,
3287:Senator Nick Minchin,
3265:Australian Democrats,
3066:3 January 2012 at the
2996:, retrieved April 2015
2904:29 August 2007 at the
2735:3 January 2012 at the
2484:Scrutiny of the budget
2471:
2396:non-government parties
2269:Feature of committees
2157:Parliamentary Library
1531:Matthew Canavan (QLD)
1445:Claire Chandler (TAS)
1402:Richard Colbeck (TAS)
1172:
1156:
1048:Purposes of committees
1038:committee of the whole
1026:
997:
686:Diplomatic missions of
558:States and territories
57:
20:Committee of the Whole
3882:Instant-runoff voting
3661:Served in both houses
2586:Sydney Morning Herald
2469:
1316:Matt O'Sullivan (WA)
1162:
1154:
1129:Australian parliament
1024:chamber in Australia.
1021:
995:
966:, established by the
206:Australian Parliament
147:Deputy Prime Minister
56:
3928:Old Parliament House
3902:Caretaker government
3505:(represented by the
3220:9 April 2007 at the
2757:13 July 2007 at the
2641:30 June 2006 at the
2599:Papers on Parliament
2411:Majority of members
1752:Senators' Interests
1658:Domestic committees
1235:Marielle Smith (SA)
1192:Standing committees
1010:legislative scrutiny
872:Australia portal
3621:Leader of the House
3253:5 June 2011 at the
3080:'Senate Committees'
2933:5 June 2011 at the
2779:5 June 2011 at the
2711:5 June 2011 at the
2672:5 June 2011 at the
2528:Prominent inquiries
2518:Clerk of the Senate
2490:appropriation bills
2401:Government parties
2136:Northern Australia
1739:Selection of Bills
1630:Supermarket Prices
1450:Raff Ciccone (VIC)
1321:Tony Sheldon (NSW)
1273:Andrew Bragg (NSW)
1081:Domestic committees
1060:Standing committees
511:Electoral divisions
3870:Double dissolution
3412:Bach, S., (2003),
2472:
2388:government parties
1989:Electoral Matters
1770:Scrutiny of Bills
1588:Penny Allman-Payne
1541:Select committees
1536:Glenn Sterle (WA)
1407:Louise Pratt (WA)
1364:Karen Grogan (SA)
1347:Sarah Hanson-Young
1197:Community Affairs
1173:
1157:
1147:List of committees
1034:estimates hearings
998:
914:Northern Territory
529:Voter registration
58:
3980:Australian Senate
3962:
3961:
3812:Readings of bills
3747:
3746:
3735:
3700:
3649:
3648:
3510:
3422:Senate committees
3249:, 3 October 2006
2928:after the reforms
2844:on 25 August 2020
2588:, 3 November 1970
2415:
2414:
2382:Effective control
2307:Number of members
2252:for an election.
2240:
2239:
1493:Nita Green (QLD)
1488:Paul Scarr (QLD)
1278:Jess Walsh (VIC)
1230:Janet Rice (VIC)
1074:Select committees
1069:Select committees
1030:estimates process
993:
968:Australian Senate
952:
951:
894:Western Australia
708:Visa requirements
660:Foreign relations
646:Political parties
544:Political funding
539:Political parties
176:Albanese ministry
43:
3987:
3729:
3694:
3682:
3681:
3543:
3542:
3531:
3507:Governor-General
3504:
3481:
3474:
3467:
3458:
3457:
3401:
3387:
3381:
3374:
3368:
3350:
3344:
3328:
3322:
3311:
3305:
3298:
3292:
3285:
3279:
3263:
3257:
3243:
3237:
3230:
3224:
3210:
3204:
3197:
3191:
3184:
3178:
3171:
3165:
3158:
3152:
3145:
3139:
3126:
3120:
3113:
3107:
3100:
3094:
3076:
3070:
3052:
3046:
3039:
3033:
3020:
3014:
3003:
2997:
2991:
2985:
2981:
2975:
2962:
2956:
2943:
2937:
2916:
2910:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2804:
2798:
2789:
2783:
2767:
2761:
2745:
2739:
2721:
2715:
2701:
2695:
2682:
2676:
2660:
2654:
2651:
2645:
2627:
2621:
2608:
2602:
2595:
2589:
2583:
2577:
2570:
2353:government chair
2266:
2265:
2234:Phillip Thompson
2142:Marion Scrymgour
2058:Maria Vamvakinou
1879:Law Enforcement
1711:Andrew McLachlan
1677:Andrew McLachlan
1178:
1177:
1125:joint committees
1119:Other committees
994:
944:
937:
930:
870:
869:
868:
834:Multiculturalism
809:Environmentalism
787:
675:Foreign Minister
661:
604:
603:Local government
559:
534:Leadership spill
466:Recent elections
459:
444:Law of Australia
326:
221:
216:
198:
138:Anthony Albanese
122:
99:Governor-General
75:
46:
41:
33:
27:
26:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3985:
3984:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3958:
3937:
3911:
3841:
3780:
3743:
3720:Representatives
3719:
3713:
3680:
3671:Longest service
3645:
3599:Representatives
3598:
3592:
3538:
3532:
3523:
3490:
3485:
3448:
3409:
3407:Further reading
3404:
3399:Wayback Machine
3388:
3384:
3375:
3371:
3366:Wayback Machine
3351:
3347:
3341:Wayback Machine
3329:
3325:
3321:, 26 March 2004
3319:The World Today
3312:
3308:
3299:
3295:
3286:
3282:
3277:Wayback Machine
3264:
3260:
3255:Wayback Machine
3244:
3240:
3232:Graham Maddox,
3231:
3227:
3222:Wayback Machine
3211:
3207:
3198:
3194:
3185:
3181:
3172:
3168:
3159:
3155:
3146:
3142:
3137:Wayback Machine
3127:
3123:
3119:, vol. 74, 2006
3114:
3110:
3101:
3097:
3092:Wayback Machine
3077:
3073:
3068:Wayback Machine
3053:
3049:
3043:Standing Orders
3040:
3036:
3031:Wayback Machine
3021:
3017:
3004:
3000:
2992:
2988:
2982:
2978:
2973:Wayback Machine
2963:
2959:
2954:Wayback Machine
2944:
2940:
2935:Wayback Machine
2917:
2913:
2906:Wayback Machine
2883:
2879:
2869:
2867:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2847:
2845:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2817:
2815:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2790:
2786:
2781:Wayback Machine
2768:
2764:
2759:Wayback Machine
2746:
2742:
2737:Wayback Machine
2722:
2718:
2713:Wayback Machine
2702:
2698:
2693:Wayback Machine
2683:
2679:
2674:Wayback Machine
2661:
2657:
2652:
2648:
2643:Wayback Machine
2628:
2624:
2619:Wayback Machine
2609:
2605:
2596:
2592:
2584:
2580:
2571:
2562:
2558:
2546:
2530:
2510:
2486:
2477:
2460:
2434:New South Wales
2410:
2245:
2205:Steve Georganas
1842:Deborah O'Neill
1698:Deborah O'Neill
1574:Cost of Living
1519:Matthew Canavan
1433:Claire Chandler
1390:Richard Colbeck
1304:Matt O'Sullivan
1149:
1121:
1108:
1083:
1071:
1062:
1054:Standing Orders
1050:
986:
984:
948:
919:
918:
899:South Australia
879:New South Wales
866:
864:
859:
858:
789:
785:
777:
776:
738:
725:
717:
698:Nationality law
694:
682:
663:
659:
651:
650:
606:
602:
594:
593:
580:
561:
557:
549:
548:
525:
502:
461:
457:
449:
448:
435:
424:Will Alstergren
408:
381:
345:Stephen Gageler
328:
324:
316:
315:
311:Shadow Ministry
287:
255:
223:
200:
196:
188:
187:
160:
124:
120:
112:
111:
77:
73:
44:
40:
31:
23:
12:
11:
5:
3993:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3956:
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3939:
3938:
3936:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3919:
3917:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3878:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3851:
3849:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3839:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3817:King's Consent
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3797:Joint meetings
3794:
3788:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3757:
3755:
3749:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3741:
3736:
3723:
3721:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3688:
3686:
3679:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3657:
3655:
3651:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3643:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3616:Prime Minister
3613:
3608:
3602:
3600:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3549:
3547:
3540:
3534:
3533:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3498:
3496:
3492:
3491:
3484:
3483:
3476:
3469:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3447:
3446:External links
3444:
3443:
3442:
3435:
3426:
3417:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3402:
3382:
3369:
3345:
3323:
3306:
3293:
3280:
3258:
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3225:
3205:
3192:
3179:
3173:Stanley Bach,
3166:
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3140:
3121:
3108:
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3034:
3015:
2998:
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2825:
2814:. 18 June 2020
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2213:Scott Buchholz
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2184:Fiona Phillips
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2016:Shayne Neumann
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179:
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155:Richard Marles
151:
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142:
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130:Prime Minister
125:
118:
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94:
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71:
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49:
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36:
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9:
6:
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3:
2:
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3837:House of Reps
3835: |
3834:
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3828:
3825:
3823:
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3808:
3805:
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3802:Question time
3800:
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3537:Parliamentary
3535:
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3363:
3359:
3358:Media Release
3355:
3349:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3327:
3320:
3317:, ABC Radio,
3316:
3313:Tanya Nolan,
3310:
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2887:2004 election
2881:
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2594:
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2575:
2572:J.R. Odgers,
2569:
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2439:committees).
2438:
2437:parliamentary
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2201:
2197:
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2193:Fatima Payman
2190:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2178:Publications
2176:
2172:
2169:
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2165:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2150:Warren Entsch
2148:
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2134:
2131:
2130:Hollie Hughes
2127:
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2038:Catryna Bilyk
2035:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2025:David Fawcett
2022:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2004:James McGrath
2001:
1999:
1996:
1995:Kate Thwaites
1993:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1982:Melissa Price
1980:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1954:
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1942:Public Works
1940:
1937:
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1925:
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1900:Human Rights
1898:
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1745:Anne Urquhart
1743:
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1725:
1724:Fatima Payman
1722:
1720:
1718:Publications
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1552:Jacqui Lambie
1550:
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1195:
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1187:Deputy Chair
1179:
1176:
1171:23 March 2017
1170:
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863:
862:
855:
852:
850:
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845:
844:Republicanism
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
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795:
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773:
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752:United States
750:
748:
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619:
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569:
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464:
463:
460:
453:
452:
445:
442:
440:
437:
436:
432:
429:
428:
425:
422:
421:Chief Justice
419:
418:
415:
414:
410:
409:
405:
402:
401:
398:
395:
394:Chief Justice
392:
391:
388:
387:
383:
382:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
349:
346:
343:
342:Chief Justice
340:
339:
336:
335:
331:
330:
327:
320:
319:
312:
309:
308:
304:
301:
298:
297:
294:
293:
289:
288:
283:
280:
277:
276:
272:
269:
266:
265:
262:
261:
257:
256:
251:
248:
245:
244:
240:
237:
234:
233:
230:
229:
225:
224:
222:
220:
215:
208:
207:
203:
202:
199:
192:
191:
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
166:
162:
161:
156:
153:
152:
149:
148:
144:
143:
139:
136:
135:
132:
131:
127:
126:
123:
116:
115:
108:
105:
104:
101:
100:
96:
95:
92:
89:
88:
85:
84:
80:
79:
76:
69:
68:
65:
62:
61:
55:
51:
50:
47:
38:
37:
34:
29:
28:
25:
21:
16:
3897:By-elections
3832:
3831:Committees:
3822:Royal assent
3676:Independents
3438:
3429:
3420:
3413:
3385:
3372:
3357:
3348:
3332:
3326:
3318:
3309:
3302:Dark Victory
3301:
3296:
3283:
3268:Senate Watch
3267:
3261:
3241:
3233:
3228:
3208:
3195:
3187:
3182:
3174:
3169:
3161:
3156:
3148:
3143:
3124:
3116:
3111:
3103:
3098:
3084:Senate Brief
3083:
3074:
3060:Senate Brief
3059:
3050:
3042:
3037:
3018:
3011:Senate Brief
3010:
3001:
2989:
2979:
2960:
2941:
2919:
2914:
2897:
2880:
2868:. Retrieved
2858:
2846:. Retrieved
2842:the original
2837:
2828:
2816:. Retrieved
2811:
2802:
2792:
2787:
2771:
2765:
2749:
2743:
2729:Senate Brief
2728:
2719:
2699:
2680:
2664:
2658:
2649:
2635:Senate Brief
2634:
2625:
2606:
2598:
2593:
2585:
2581:
2573:
2537:
2531:
2515:
2511:
2499:
2495:
2487:
2478:
2461:
2441:
2427:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2391:
2356:
2327:
2262:
2258:casting vote
2254:
2246:
2171:Anne Stanley
2100:Alicia Payne
2087:Helen Haines
2080:Karen Grogan
2066:Anne Webster
1975:Jana Stewart
1893:Llew O'Brien
1886:Helen Polley
1864:Peter Khalil
1784:Raff Ciccone
1644:Glenn Sterle
1560:Tony Sheldon
1511:Glenn Sterle
1505:Legislation
1462:Legislation
1425:Raff Ciccone
1419:Legislation
1382:Louise Pratt
1376:Legislation
1339:Karen Grogan
1333:Legislation
1296:Tony Sheldon
1290:Legislation
1261:Andrew Bragg
1247:Legislation
1204:Legislation
1174:
1137:
1133:Juukan Gorge
1122:
1109:
1096:
1084:
1072:
1063:
1051:
1041:
1033:
1029:
1027:
1022:
1014:
1009:
1005:
999:
955:
953:
804:Conservatism
690:in Australia
584:State courts
516:By-elections
465:
411:
384:
332:
303:Peter Dutton
290:
258:
226:
211:
204:
163:
145:
128:
97:
81:
64:Constitution
30:
24:
15:
3892:Electorates
3753:Parliaments
2898:7:30 Report
2318:Composition
2226:Josh Wilson
2121:Libby Coker
2108:Nola Marino
1927:Julian Hill
1820:Milton Dick
1732:Wendy Askew
1684:Privileges
1616:Dorinda Cox
1526:References
1483:References
1440:References
1397:References
1354:References
1311:References
1268:References
1225:References
839:Nationalism
742:New Zealand
713:Visa policy
377:Beech-Jones
271:Milton Dick
197:Legislature
91:Charles III
42:Politics of
3969:Categories
3704:Appointees
3495:Components
3212:ABC News,
3199:ABC News,
2556:References
2052:Migration
2046:Dean Smith
1956:Keith Pitt
1914:Henry Pike
1906:Josh Burns
1849:Alex Hawke
1776:Dean Smith
1705:Procedure
1636:Nick McKim
1608:Dean Smith
1476:Paul Scarr
1468:Nita Green
1253:Jess Walsh
1240:Economics
1218:Janet Rice
1181:Committee
960:committees
889:Queensland
849:Secularism
829:Monarchism
824:Liberalism
786:Ideologies
678:Penny Wong
292:Opposition
282:Tony Burke
250:Penny Wong
107:Sam Mostyn
3916:Locations
3847:Elections
3785:Procedure
3117:The Table
2848:24 August
2818:24 August
2502:budgeting
2429:in camera
2250:prorogued
2220:Treaties
1829:Sue Lines
1669:Sue Lines
1580:Jane Hume
1092:President
854:Socialism
819:Hansonism
814:Far-right
799:Christian
794:Anarchism
703:Passports
458:Elections
325:Judiciary
239:Sue Lines
236:President
121:Executive
45:Australia
3942:See also
3874:Senate:
3732:previous
3718:House of
3697:previous
3597:House of
3539:officers
3395:Archived
3362:Archived
3337:Archived
3273:Archived
3251:Archived
3218:Archived
3133:Archived
3088:Archived
3064:Archived
3027:Archived
2969:Archived
2950:Archived
2931:Archived
2902:Archived
2777:Archived
2755:Archived
2733:Archived
2709:Archived
2689:Archived
2670:Archived
2639:Archived
2615:Archived
2544:See also
2347:Chairing
2191:Senator
2162:Senator
2128:Senator
2078:Senator
2044:Senator
2036:Senator
2023:Senator
2002:Senator
1973:Senator
1934:Senator
1884:Senator
1840:Senator
1827:Senator
1006:domestic
964:Senators
904:Tasmania
884:Victoria
173:Ministry
74:Monarchy
3727:Current
3692:Current
3654:Members
2889:. See:
2870:7 March
2522:cut off
1796:Vacant
372:Gleeson
367:Steward
362:Edelman
268:Speaker
183:Cabinet
83:Monarch
3833:Senate
3685:Senate
3546:Senate
3514:Senate
2508:Impact
2406:Quorum
2374:Voting
2313:Eight
1786:(VIC)
1747:(TAS)
1734:(TAS)
1700:(NSW)
1638:(TAS)
1590:(QLD)
1582:(VIC)
1562:(NSW)
1554:(TAS)
1521:(QLD)
1478:(QLD)
1470:(QLD)
1435:(TAS)
1427:(VIC)
1392:(TAS)
1298:(NSW)
1263:(NSW)
1255:(VIC)
1220:(VIC)
1184:Chair
1140:caucus
976:budget
757:Canada
357:Gordon
300:Leader
279:Leader
247:Leader
228:Senate
3739:Women
3709:Women
3636:Whips
3611:Clerk
3583:Whips
3558:Clerk
1804:(WA)
1778:(WA)
1760:(WA)
1726:(WA)
1713:(SA)
1692:(WA)
1679:(SA)
1671:(WA)
1646:(WA)
1618:(WA)
1610:(WA)
1513:(WA)
1384:(WA)
1349:(SA)
1341:(SA)
1306:(WA)
1212:(SA)
1169:Perth
1165:Roe 8
1087:bills
772:India
767:China
352:Keane
284:(ALP)
273:(ALP)
252:(ALP)
241:(ALP)
157:(ALP)
140:(ALP)
3865:List
3860:Next
3855:Last
3640:list
3587:list
3502:King
2926:and
2918:See
2872:2024
2850:2020
2820:2020
958:are
954:The
734:APEC
498:2007
493:2010
488:2013
483:2016
478:2019
473:2022
305:(LP)
2984:25)
2310:Six
2236:MP
2228:MP
2215:MP
2207:MP
2186:MP
2173:MP
2152:MP
2144:MP
2123:MP
2110:MP
2102:MP
2089:MP
2068:MP
2060:MP
2018:MP
1997:MP
1984:MP
1958:MP
1950:MP
1929:MP
1916:MP
1908:MP
1895:MP
1874:MP
1866:MP
1851:MP
1822:MP
1032:or
962:of
729:G20
636:Tas
621:Qld
616:Vic
611:NSW
3971::
3356:,
3082:,
3058:,
3009:,
2836:.
2810:.
2727:,
2633:,
2563:^
1115:.
1056:.
688:/
641:NT
631:SA
626:WA
3734:)
3730:(
3699:)
3695:(
3642:)
3638:(
3589:)
3585:(
3509:)
3480:e
3473:t
3466:v
2874:.
2852:.
2822:.
943:e
936:t
929:v
22:.
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