712:), the EC style is similar to the Kurtzman style, except the writer submits a tight plot to an artist, who breaks it down into panels that are laid out on the art board. The writer writes all captions and dialogue, which are pasted inside these panels, and then the artist draws the story to fit all of this paste-up. This laborious and restrictive way of creating comics is no longer in general use; the last artist to use even a variation of EC style was
389:
34:
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describes, the Marvel method "requires the writer to begin by writing out a plot and add words when the penciled artwork is finished. . . .n the mid-sixties, plots were seldom more than a typewritten page, and sometimes less", while writers in later times "might produce as many as twenty-five pages
513:
In this style, the comics writer breaks the story down in sequence, page-by-page and panel-by-panel, describing the action, characters, and sometimes backgrounds and "camera" points-of-view of each panel, as well as all captions and dialogue balloons. For decades, this was the preferred format for
524:
described his specific application of the full script method: "I break down each page on a panel by panel basis and label them as PANEL A, PANEL B, and so on. Then I describe what's in each panel, and then do the dialogue, numbering the balloons. I designate the panels with letters and the word
578:
writes that this "new means of collaboration . . . was born of necessity—Stan was overburdened with work—and to make use of Jack's great skill with storylines. . . . Sometimes Stan would type up a written plot outline for the artist. Sometimes, not". As comic-book writer-editor
620:
type twist ending. All I had to do was give Steve a one-line description of the plot and he'd be off and running. He'd take those skeleton outlines I had given him and turn them into classic little works of art that ended up being far cooler than I had any right to expect.
684:, the writer breaks down the story into page roughs or thumbnail sketches, with captions and dialogue jotted down inside the roughs. The artist (who is often the comic's writer as well) then fleshes out the roughs onto full-size art board. Writer/artists
587:
The Marvel method was in place with at least one artist by early 1961, as Lee described in 2009 when speaking of his and Ditko's "short, five-page filler strips ... placed in any of our comics that had a few extra pages to fill", most prominently in
545:), rather than a full script. The artist creates page-by-page plot details on their own, after which the work is returned to the writer for the insertion of dialogue. Due to its widespread use at
584:
of plot for a twenty-two page story, and even include in them snatches of dialog. So a Marvel Method plot can run from a couple of paragraphs to something much longer and more elaborate".
904:
Ambiguity may arise with the term "graphic novelist" because it is also used to refer to the person who is both a comics writer and a comics artist; cf. M. Keith Booker (ed.),
866:, Jinxworld, Inc., 2014: "If you are a graphic novel writer, only a handful of people in the entire world will ever see your script".
417:
650:
Advantages of the Marvel method over the full script method that have been cited by creators and industry professionals include:
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811:
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It takes advantage of artists, who are typically paid for art alone even though they are essentially working as co-writers.
367:
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The fact that not all artists are talented writers, and some struggle over aspects such as plot ideas and pacing.
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The fact that artists, who are employed to visualize scenes, may be better equipped to determine panel structure.
455:
In comics, a script may be preceded by a plot outline, and is almost always followed by page sketches drawn by a
601:
725:
60:
647:#1004, which included pages of Bendis' script that were broken down panel by panel, albeit without dialogue.
471:
stages. There are no prescribed forms of comic scripts, but there are two dominant styles in the mainstream
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525:
balloons with numbers so as to minimize confusion for the letterer". In addition to writing the scripts,
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998:. "Write Ways: An Unruly Anti-Treatise", chapter in Dooley, Michael, and Steven Heller, eds.,
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was a comic book creator, graphic novelist, teacher, entrepreneur, and advocate of comics".
909:
630:
316:
1000:
The
Education of a Comics Artist: Visual Narrative in Cartoons, Graphic Novels, and Beyond
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Writers' and
Artists' Yearbook Guide to Getting Published: The Essential Guide for Authors
8:
1060:
892:
638:
192:
160:
55:
925:
596:
490:
1098:
Cordier, Philippe (April 2007). "Seeing Red: Dissecting
Daredevil's Defining Years".
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Cassell, Dewey (August 2006). "Talking About Tigra: From the Cat to Were-Woman".
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Words for
Pictures: The Art and Business of Writing Comics and Graphic Novels
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Icons of the
American Comic Book: From Captain America to Wonder Woman
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Icons of the
American Comic Book: From Captain America to Wonder Woman
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The
October 2018 issue of DC Comics' in-house previews magazine,
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1084:. Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 61.
827:, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2014, pp. 174 and 867.
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the artist works from a story synopsis from the writer (or
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825:
Comics through Time: A History of Icons, Idols, and Ideas
549:
beginning in the 1960s, primarily under editor-dialogist
434:
is a document describing the narrative and dialogue of a
1082:
Secrets in the
Shadows: The Art & Life of Gene Colan
908:, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2010, p. 172: "
629:, featured a look at the creative process that writer
529:
drew layouts for the artist in his early work for DC.
853:, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2013, p. 539.
840:, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2013, p. 755.
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1073:
1071:
1069:
680:In a variation of the plot script, attributed to
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438:in detail. It is the comic book equivalent of a
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1066:
906:Encyclopedia of Comic Books and Graphic Novels
891:, Volume 195, Gale, 2005, p. 167: "(Full name
561:, this approach became commonly known as the
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1059:#5 (December 2018), pp 6-7. DC Comics (
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849:Randy Duncan, Matthew J. Smith (eds.),
836:Randy Duncan, Matthew J. Smith (eds.),
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804:
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657:The greater freedom this gives artists.
616:I'd dream up odd fantasy tales with an
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1112:
660:The lower burden placed on the writer.
496:The creator of a script is known as a
16:Narrative and dialogue of a comic book
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13:
928:, peterdavid.net, October 21, 2003
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1126:(17). TwoMorrows Publishing: 30.
1022:, "Introduction", in Yoe Craig,
1002:(Allworth Communications, 2005,
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32:
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889:Contemporary Literary Criticism
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726:Glossary of comics terminology
641:and Brad Anderson employed on
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20:Glossary of comics terminology
1:
879:, A&C Black, 2010, p. 84.
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664:Cited disadvantages include:
152:Comics by country and culture
895:) English graphic novelist".
7:
938:Shooter, Jim (2011-03-11).
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699:
10:
1164:
962:Groth, Gary. "Editorial",
986:, New York, 2008), p. 112
814:, Accessed Nov. 28, 2008.
708:(Kurtzman's publisher at
692:favor this style, as did
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1055:"Breaking Down a Page",
746:
1028:Idea & Design Works
966:#75 (Sept. 1982), p. 4.
823:M. Keith Booker (ed.),
594:but even previously in
926:"WHAT’CHA WANNA KNOW?"
862:Brian Michael Bendis,
810:Jones, Steven Philip.
623:
1106:TwoMorrows Publishing
980:Kirby: King of Comics
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910:William Erwin Eisner
781:graphic novel author
777:graphic novel writer
631:Brian Michael Bendis
602:pre-superhero Marvel
479:(commonly known as "
317:South African comics
1080:Field, Tom (2005).
1061:Burbank, California
893:Neil Richard Gaiman
812:"On Writing Comics"
639:Wade von Grawbadger
553:and writer-artists
514:books published by
463:, succeeded by the
21:
1143:Comics terminology
964:The Comics Journal
612:anthology titles.
597:Amazing Adventures
567:Marvel house style
491:Marvel house style
440:television program
19:
1044:978-1-60010-542-5
1030:, January 2010),
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394:Comics portal
337:Vietnamese comics
307:Portuguese comics
297:Philippine comics
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87:Photo comics
1124:Back Issue!
1101:Back Issue!
600:and other "
559:Steve Ditko
539:plot script
533:Plot script
527:Jim Shooter
522:Peter David
509:Full script
486:plot script
477:full script
358:Cartoonists
327:Thai comics
118:Gag cartoon
108:Comic strip
1137:Categories
949:2021-08-15
940:"Regrets?"
794:References
741:Storyboard
690:Jeff Smith
555:Jack Kirby
450:screenplay
436:comic book
368:Publishers
363:Collecting
103:Comic book
82:Cartooning
1057:DC Nation
1020:Lee, Stan
1010:); p. 187
714:Jim Aparo
710:EC Comics
635:Ryan Sook
627:DC Nation
516:DC Comics
469:lettering
345:Community
275:Hong Kong
56:Education
1108:: 33–60.
720:See also
700:EC style
618:O. Henry
551:Stan Lee
465:coloring
443:teleplay
138:Webcomic
61:Glossary
610:fantasy
543:plotter
378:Writers
178:Belgium
143:Webtoon
74:Methods
66:History
1104:(21).
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504:Styles
475:, the
432:script
353:Awards
282:Manhwa
270:Manhua
186:Quebec
182:France
26:Comics
759:Also
747:Notes
537:In a
489:(or "
461:inked
445:or a
373:Sales
265:Manga
1040:ISBN
1032:ISBN
1004:ISBN
688:and
557:and
493:").
467:and
459:and
447:film
783:or
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